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Bacillus subtilisBacillus cereusBacillus anthracisBacillus thuringiensisBacillus megateriumSpores, BacterialBacterial ProteinsDNA, BacterialMolecular Sequence DataGenes, BacterialBacillus PhagesAnthraxGene Expression Regulation, BacterialSporesHemolysin ProteinsBacillaceae InfectionsBase SequencePest Control, BiologicalAmino Acid SequenceBacterial ToxinsEndotoxinsOperonRNA, BacterialCloning, MolecularCulture MediaSigma FactorPicolinic AcidsEscherichia coliBacteriophagesMutationCell WallPlasmidsTransformation, BacterialChromosomes, Bacterialalpha-AmylasesHot TemperatureHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationTemperatureSequence Analysis, DNABCG VaccineMycobacterium bovisRNA, Ribosomal, 16SGram-Negative BacteriaSpecies SpecificityPeptidoglycanAnti-Bacterial AgentsKineticsSoil MicrobiologySequence Homology, Amino AcidPhylogenyTransformation, GeneticMycobacterium tuberculosisAnthrax VaccinesBacteriaBacteriological TechniquesLepidopteraDNA, RibosomalTranscription, GeneticSubstrate SpecificityProtoplastsEnzyme StabilityLarvaMolecular WeightRestriction MappingGenome, BacterialAntigens, BacterialBacteriolysisAmino AcidsBinding SitesSequence AlignmentDrug Resistance, MicrobialBacitracinPolyglutamic AcidGram-Positive BacteriaPromoter Regions, GeneticSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidChromosome MappingPenicillinaseTeichoic AcidsChloramphenicolModels, MolecularGram-Negative Bacterial InfectionsElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelDiaminopimelic AcidTranscription FactorsGlycoside Hydrolasesbeta-GalactosidaseProtein BindingDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesOpen Reading FramesGenetic Complementation TestBacterial Typing TechniquesRecombinant ProteinsN-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine AmidaseAlkaliesCulexPeptide HydrolasesAlanineHydrolysisGenetics, Microbial
Bacillus subtilis
A species of gram-positive bacteria that is a common soil and water saprophyte.
Bacillus cereus
A species of rod-shaped bacteria that is a common soil saprophyte. Its spores are widespread and multiplication has been observed chiefly in foods. Contamination may lead to food poisoning.
Bacillus anthracis
A species of bacteria that causes ANTHRAX in humans and animals.
Bacillus thuringiensis
A species of gram-positive bacteria which may be pathogenic for certain insects. It is used for the biological control of the Gypsy moth.
Bacillus megaterium
A species of bacteria whose spores vary from round to elongate. It is a common soil saprophyte.
Spores, Bacterial
Heat and stain resistant, metabolically inactive bodies formed within the vegetative cells of bacteria of the genera Bacillus and Clostridium.
Bacterial Proteins
Proteins found in any species of bacterium.
DNA, Bacterial
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Genes, Bacterial
The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.
Bacillus Phages
Viruses whose host is Bacillus. Frequently encountered Bacillus phages include bacteriophage phi 29 and bacteriophage phi 105.
Anthrax
An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics.
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.
Spores
The reproductive elements of lower organisms, such as BACTERIA; FUNGI; and cryptogamic plants.
Hemolysin Proteins
Proteins from BACTERIA and FUNGI that are soluble enough to be secreted to target ERYTHROCYTES and insert into the membrane to form beta-barrel pores. Biosynthesis may be regulated by HEMOLYSIN FACTORS.
Bacillaceae Infections
Infections with bacteria of the family BACILLACEAE.
Base Sequence
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Pest Control, Biological
Use of naturally-occuring or genetically-engineered organisms to reduce or eliminate populations of pests.
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Bacterial Toxins
Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases.
Endotoxins
Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.
Operon
In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.
RNA, Bacterial
Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.
Cloning, Molecular
The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.
Culture Media
Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.
Sigma Factor
A protein which is a subunit of RNA polymerase. It effects initiation of specific RNA chains from DNA.
Picolinic Acids
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Bacteriophages
Viruses whose hosts are bacterial cells.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Cell Wall
The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.
Plasmids
Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.
Transformation, Bacterial
The heritable modification of the properties of a competent bacterium by naked DNA from another source. The uptake of naked DNA is a naturally occuring phenomenon in some bacteria. It is often used as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.
Chromosomes, Bacterial
Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.
alpha-Amylases
Enzymes that catalyze the endohydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glycosidic linkages in STARCH; GLYCOGEN; and related POLYSACCHARIDES and OLIGOSACCHARIDES containing 3 or more 1,4-alpha-linked D-glucose units.
Hot Temperature
Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Temperature
The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.
Sequence Analysis, DNA
A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.
BCG Vaccine
An active immunizing agent and a viable avirulent attenuated strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, var. bovis, which confers immunity to mycobacterial infections. It is used also in immunotherapy of neoplasms due to its stimulation of antibodies and non-specific immunity.
Mycobacterium bovis
The bovine variety of the tubercle bacillus. It is called also Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis.
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.
Gram-Negative Bacteria
Bacteria which lose crystal violet stain but are stained pink when treated by Gram's method.
Species Specificity
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
Peptidoglycan
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Soil Microbiology
The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the soil. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.
Phylogeny
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Transformation, Genetic
Change brought about to an organisms genetic composition by unidirectional transfer (TRANSFECTION; TRANSDUCTION, GENETIC; CONJUGATION, GENETIC, etc.) and incorporation of foreign DNA into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells by recombination of part or all of that DNA into the cell's genome.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that produces TUBERCULOSIS in humans, other primates, CATTLE; DOGS; and some other animals which have contact with humans. Growth tends to be in serpentine, cordlike masses in which the bacilli show a parallel orientation.
Anthrax Vaccines
Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent ANTHRAX.
Bacteria
One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.
Bacteriological Techniques
Techniques used in studying bacteria.
Lepidoptera
A large order of insects comprising the butterflies and moths.
DNA, Ribosomal
DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.
Transcription, Genetic
The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.
Substrate Specificity
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
Protoplasts
The protoplasm and plasma membrane of plant, fungal, bacterial or archaeon cells without the CELL WALL.
Enzyme Stability
The extent to which an enzyme retains its structural conformation or its activity when subjected to storage, isolation, and purification or various other physical or chemical manipulations, including proteolytic enzymes and heat.
Larva
Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals.
Molecular Weight
The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.
Restriction Mapping
Use of restriction endonucleases to analyze and generate a physical map of genomes, genes, or other segments of DNA.
Genome, Bacterial
The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.
Antigens, Bacterial
Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.
Bacteriolysis
Rupture of bacterial cells due to mechanical force, chemical action, or the lytic growth of BACTERIOPHAGES.
Amino Acids
Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.
Binding Sites
The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.
Sequence Alignment
The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.
Drug Resistance, Microbial
The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).
Bacitracin
A complex of cyclic peptide antibiotics produced by the Tracy-I strain of Bacillus subtilis. The commercial preparation is a mixture of at least nine bacitracins with bacitracin A as the major constituent. It is used topically to treat open infections such as infected eczema and infected dermal ulcers. (From Goodman and Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1140)
Polyglutamic Acid
A peptide that is a homopolymer of glutamic acid.
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Bacteria which retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.
Promoter Regions, Genetic
DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.
Chromosome Mapping
Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.
Penicillinase
A beta-lactamase preferentially cleaving penicillins. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 3.5.2.-.
Teichoic Acids
Bacterial polysaccharides that are rich in phosphodiester linkages. They are the major components of the cell walls and membranes of many bacteria.
Chloramphenicol
An antibiotic first isolated from cultures of Streptomyces venequelae in 1947 but now produced synthetically. It has a relatively simple structure and was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic to be discovered. It acts by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis and is mainly bacteriostatic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p106)
Models, Molecular
Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.
Diaminopimelic Acid
Transcription Factors
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.
Glycoside Hydrolases
beta-Galactosidase
A group of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Deficiency of beta-Galactosidase A1 may cause GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GM1.
Protein Binding
The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.
DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases
Enzymes that catalyze DNA template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand one nucleotide at a time. They can initiate a chain de novo. In eukaryotes, three forms of the enzyme have been distinguished on the basis of sensitivity to alpha-amanitin, and the type of RNA synthesized. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992).
Open Reading Frames
A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).
Genetic Complementation Test
A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.
Bacterial Typing Techniques
Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.
Recombinant Proteins
Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.
N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase
An autolytic enzyme bound to the surface of bacterial cell walls. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell wall glycopeptides, particularly peptidoglycan. EC 3.5.1.28.
Alkalies
Usually a hydroxide of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium, but also the carbonates of these metals, ammonia, and the amines. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Culex
A genus of mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) commonly found in tropical regions. Species of this genus are vectors for ST. LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS as well as many other diseases of man and domestic and wild animals.
Peptide Hydrolases
Hydrolases that specifically cleave the peptide bonds found in PROTEINS and PEPTIDES. Examples of sub-subclasses for this group include EXOPEPTIDASES and ENDOPEPTIDASES.
Alanine
A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Hydrolysis
The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.
Genetics, Microbial
A subdiscipline of genetics which deals with the genetic mechanisms and processes of microorganisms.
Genes, rRNA
Genes, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which are transcribed to produce the RNA which is incorporated into RIBOSOMES. Prokaryotic rRNA genes are usually found in OPERONS dispersed throughout the GENOME, whereas eukaryotic rRNA genes are clustered, multicistronic transcriptional units.
Nucleic Acid Hybridization
Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)
Lipopeptides
Compounds consisting of a short peptide chain conjugated with an acyl chain.
Regulon
In eukaryotes, a genetic unit consisting of a noncontiguous group of genes under the control of a single regulator gene. In bacteria, regulons are global regulatory systems involved in the interplay of pleiotropic regulatory domains and consist of several OPERONS.
Microscopy, Electron
Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.
Moths
Insects of the suborder Heterocera of the order LEPIDOPTERA.
Insecticides
Pesticides designed to control insects that are harmful to man. The insects may be directly harmful, as those acting as disease vectors, or indirectly harmful, as destroyers of crops, food products, or textile fabrics.
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).
Polymerase Chain Reaction
In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.
Sterilization
The destroying of all forms of life, especially microorganisms, by heat, chemical, or other means.
Tuberculosis
Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM.
Fermentation
Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.
Lysogeny
The phenomenon by which a temperate phage incorporates itself into the DNA of a bacterial host, establishing a kind of symbiotic relation between PROPHAGE and bacterium which results in the perpetuation of the prophage in all the descendants of the bacterium. Upon induction (VIRUS ACTIVATION) by various agents, such as ultraviolet radiation, the phage is released, which then becomes virulent and lyses the bacterium.
Hydroxyphenylazouracil
Inhibitor of DNA replication in gram-positive bacteria.
Base Composition
The relative amounts of the PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in a nucleic acid.
Crystallography, X-Ray
The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Pimelic Acids
A group of compounds that are derivatives of heptanedioic acid with the general formula R-C7H11O4.
Thymine
Antibiosis
A natural association between organisms that is detrimental to at least one of them. This often refers to the production of chemicals by one microorganism that is harmful to another.
Muramic Acids
Compounds consisting of glucosamine and lactate joined by an ether linkage. They occur naturally as N-acetyl derivatives in peptidoglycan, the characteristic polysaccharide composing bacterial cell walls. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Biological Control Agents
Organisms, biological agents, or biologically-derived agents used strategically for their positive or adverse effect on the physiology and/or reproductive health of other organisms.
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.
DNA Restriction Enzymes
Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.
Fatty Acids
Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Acetoin
A product of fermentation. It is a component of the butanediol cycle in microorganisms. In mammals it is oxidized to carbon dioxide.
Crystallization
The formation of crystalline substances from solutions or melts. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Genes
A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.
Phenotype
The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.
Uracil
DNA Primers
Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.
Muramidase
A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.
Gene Deletion
A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.
Mutagenesis, Insertional
Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.
Manganese
A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)
Chromatography
Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.
Artificial Gene Fusion
The in vitro fusion of GENES by RECOMBINANT DNA techniques to analyze protein behavior or GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, or to merge protein functions for specific medical or industrial uses.
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Escherichia coli Proteins
Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.
Bioterrorism
The use of biological agents in TERRORISM. This includes the malevolent use of BACTERIA; VIRUSES; or other BIOLOGICAL TOXINS against people, ANIMALS; or PLANTS.
Carbon Isotopes
Stable carbon atoms that have the same atomic number as the element carbon, but differ in atomic weight. C-13 is a stable carbon isotope.
Time Factors
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Repressor Proteins
Proteins which maintain the transcriptional quiescence of specific GENES or OPERONS. Classical repressor proteins are DNA-binding proteins that are normally bound to the OPERATOR REGION of an operon, or the ENHANCER SEQUENCES of a gene until a signal occurs that causes their release.
Microbial Viability
Ability of a microbe to survive under given conditions. This can also be related to a colony's ability to replicate.
Aerobiosis
Life or metabolic reactions occurring in an environment containing oxygen.
Tyrothricin
A polypeptide antibiotic mixture obtained from Bacillus brevis. It consists of a mixture of three tyrocidines (60%) and several gramicidins (20%) and is very toxic to blood, liver, kidneys, meninges, and the olfactory apparatus. It is used topically.
Manduca
A genus of sphinx or hawk moths of the family Sphingidae. These insects are used in molecular biology studies during all stages of their life cycle.
Enterobacteriaceae
A family of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that do not form endospores. Its organisms are distributed worldwide with some being saprophytes and others being plant and animal parasites. Many species are of considerable economic importance due to their pathogenic effects on agriculture and livestock.
Endopeptidases
A subclass of PEPTIDE HYDROLASES that catalyze the internal cleavage of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS.
Tryptophan
An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.
Hexosyltransferases
Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of hexose groups. EC 2.4.1.-.
Cell-Free System
A fractionated cell extract that maintains a biological function. A subcellular fraction isolated by ultracentrifugation or other separation techniques must first be isolated so that a process can be studied free from all of the complex side reactions that occur in a cell. The cell-free system is therefore widely used in cell biology. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p166)
Oligo-1,6-Glucosidase
An enzyme that catalyzes the endohydrolysis of 1,6-alpha-glucosidic linkages in isomaltose and dextrins produced from starch and glycogen by ALPHA-AMYLASES. EC 3.2.1.10.
Transduction, Genetic
The transfer of bacterial DNA by phages from an infected bacterium to another bacterium. This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic cells by viruses. This naturally occurring process is routinely employed as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.
Enzyme Repression
The interference in synthesis of an enzyme due to the elevated level of an effector substance, usually a metabolite, whose presence would cause depression of the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis.
Research
Critical and exhaustive investigation or experimentation, having for its aim the discovery of new facts and their correct interpretation, the revision of accepted conclusions, theories, or laws in the light of newly discovered facts, or the practical application of such new or revised conclusions, theories, or laws. (Webster, 3d ed)
Bacillaceae
A family of bacteria which produce endospores. They are mostly saprophytes from soil, but a few are insect or animal parasites or pathogens.
Genes, Regulator
Genes which regulate or circumscribe the activity of other genes; specifically, genes which code for PROTEINS or RNAs which have GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION functions.
Administration, Intravesical
The instillation or other administration of drugs into the bladder, usually to treat local disease, including neoplasms.
Tritium
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.
Mycobacterium
A genus of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria. Most species are free-living in soil and water, but the major habitat for some is the diseased tissue of warm-blooded hosts.
Peptide Synthases
Ligases that catalyze the joining of adjacent AMINO ACIDS by the formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds between their carboxylic acid groups and amine groups.
Cell Membrane
The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Colony Count, Microbial
Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial, archaeal, or fungal CELLS or SPORES capable of growth on solid CULTURE MEDIA. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in AIR; FOOD; and WATER; by clinicians for measuring patients' microbial load; and in antimicrobial drug testing.
Oxidoreductases
The class of all enzymes catalyzing oxidoreduction reactions. The substrate that is oxidized is regarded as a hydrogen donor. The systematic name is based on donor:acceptor oxidoreductase. The recommended name will be dehydrogenase, wherever this is possible; as an alternative, reductase can be used. Oxidase is only used in cases where O2 is the acceptor. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p9)
Chromatography, Paper
An analytical technique for resolution of a chemical mixture into its component compounds. Compounds are separated on an adsorbent paper (stationary phase) by their varied degree of solubility/mobility in the eluting solvent (mobile phase).
Tyrocidine
An antibiotic mixture produced by Bacillus brevis which may be separated into three components, tyrocidines A, B, and C. It is the major constituent (40-60 per cent) of tyrothricin, gramicidin accounting for the remaining 10-20 per cent active material. It is a topical antimicrobial agent, that is very toxic parenterally.
Autolysis
The spontaneous disintegration of tissues or cells by the action of their own autogenous enzymes.
Protein Structure, Tertiary
The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.
Bacteriocins
Substances elaborated by specific strains of bacteria that are lethal against other strains of the same or related species. They are protein or lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes used in taxonomy studies of bacteria.
Microscopy, Phase-Contrast
A form of interference microscopy in which variations of the refracting index in the object are converted into variations of intensity in the image. This is achieved by the action of a phase plate.
Diatrizoate
A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.
Peptides, Cyclic
Peptides whose amino and carboxy ends are linked together with a peptide bond forming a circular chain. Some of them are ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS. Some of them are biosynthesized non-ribosomally (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NON-RIBOSOMAL).
Sodium Chloride
A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food.
Mycobacterium leprae
A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that causes LEPROSY in man. Its organisms are generally arranged in clumps, rounded masses, or in groups of bacilli side by side.
Centrifugation, Density Gradient
Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Membrane Proteins
Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.
DNA Replication
The process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated.
Chromatography, Gel
Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.
Virulence
The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.
Insecticide Resistance
The development by insects of resistance to insecticides.
Food Microbiology
The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in food and food products. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms: the presence of various non-pathogenic bacteria and fungi in cheeses and wines, for example, is included in this concept.
Nucleic Acid Conformation
The spatial arrangement of the atoms of a nucleic acid or polynucleotide that results in its characteristic 3-dimensional shape.
Penicillin G
A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.
Amidohydrolases
Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria
A large group of aerobic bacteria which show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method. This is because the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria are low in peptidoglycan and thus have low affinity for violet stain and high affinity for the pink dye safranine.
L Forms
Bacterial variants, unable to form a complete cell wall, which are formed in cultures by various bacteria; granules (L bodies) appear, unite, and grow into amorphous bodies which multiply and give rise to bacterial cells morphologically indistinguishable from the parent strain.
DNA Transposable Elements
Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.
Xylosidases
A group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of alpha- or beta-xylosidic linkages. EC 3.2.1.8 catalyzes the endo-hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-D-xylosidic linkages; EC 3.2.1.32 catalyzes the endo-hydrolysis of 1,3-beta-D-xylosidic linkages; EC 3.2.1.37 catalyzes the exo-hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-D-linkages from the non-reducing termini of xylans; and EC 3.2.1.72 catalyzes the exo-hydrolysis of 1,3-beta-D-linkages from the non-reducing termini of xylans. Other xylosidases have been identified that catalyze the hydrolysis of alpha-xylosidic bonds.
Environmental Microbiology
The study of microorganisms living in a variety of environments (air, soil, water, etc.) and their pathogenic relationship to other organisms including man.
Clostridium
A genus of motile or nonmotile gram-positive bacteria of the family Clostridiaceae. Many species have been identified with some being pathogenic. They occur in water, soil, and in the intestinal tract of humans and lower animals.
Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases
Enzymes which catalyze the endohydrolysis of 1,4-beta-D-xylosidic linkages in XYLANS.
Uronic Acids
Acids derived from monosaccharides by the oxidation of the terminal (-CH2OH) group farthest removed from the carbonyl group to a (-COOH) group. (From Stedmans, 26th ed)
Glucose
A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.
Chromatography, Thin Layer
Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Nitrosoguanidines
Paintings
Hydrolases
Any member of the class of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of the substrate and the addition of water to the resulting molecules, e.g., ESTERASES, glycosidases (GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASES), lipases, NUCLEOTIDASES, peptidases (PEPTIDE HYDROLASES), and phosphatases (PHOSPHORIC MONOESTER HYDROLASES). EC 3.
Micrococcus
A genus of gram-positive, spherical bacteria found in soils and fresh water, and frequently on the skin of man and other animals.
Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase
A xylosidase that catalyses the random hydrolysis of 1,3-beta-D-xylosidic linkages in 1,3-beta-D-xylans.
DNA-Binding Proteins
Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

A randomly amplified polymorphic DNA marker specific for the Bacillus cereus group is diagnostic for Bacillus anthracis. (1/3738)

Aiming to develop a DNA marker specific for Bacillus anthracis and able to discriminate this species from Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Bacillus mycoides, we applied the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting technique to a collection of 101 strains of the genus Bacillus, including 61 strains of the B. cereus group. An 838-bp RAPD marker (SG-850) specific for B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. anthracis, and B. mycoides was identified. This fragment included a putative (366-nucleotide) open reading frame highly homologous to the ypuA gene of Bacillus subtilis. The restriction analysis of the SG-850 fragment with AluI distinguished B. anthracis from the other species of the B. cereus group.  (+info)

Purification and properties of a low-molecular-weight, high-alkaline pectate lyase from an alkaliphilic strain of Bacillus. (2/3738)

A low-molecular-weight, high-alkaline pectate lyase (pectate transeliminase, EC 4.2.2.2) was found in an alkaline culture of Bacillus sp. strain KSM-P15, purified to homogeneity, and crystallized. The enzyme had a relative molecular weight of approximately 20,300 as measured by sedimentation equilibrium, with a sedimentation coefficient (s20,w0) of 1.73 S. It was a basic protein with an isoelectric point of pH 10.3, and the alpha-helical content was only 6.6%. In the presence of Ca2+ ions, the enzyme degraded polygalacturonic acid in a random manner to yield 4,5-unsaturated oligo-galacturonides and had its optimal activity around pH 10.5 and 50-55 degrees C. It also had a protopectinase-like activity on cotton fibers. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the intact protein (28 amino acids) and its two lysyl endopeptidase-cleaved peptide fragments (8 and 12 amino acids) had very low sequence similarity with pectate lyases reported to date. These results strongly suggest that the pectate lyase of Bacillus sp. strain KSM-P15 may be a novel enzyme and belongs in a new family.  (+info)

Purification and properties of bacteriolytic enzymes from Bacillus licheniformis YS-1005 against Streptococcus mutans. (3/3738)

To find a novel lytic enzyme against cariogenic Streptococci, strains showing strong lytic activity have been screened from soil using Streptococcus mutans. A strain identified as Bacillus licheniformis secreted two kinds of lytic enzymes, which were purified by methanol precipitation, CM-cellulose chromatography, gel filtration, and hydroxyapatite chromatography. The molecular weights of these two enzymes, L27 and L45, were 27,000 and 45,000, respectively. Optimum pH and temperature of both enzymes for lytic activity were pH 8 and 37 degrees C. L27 and L45 digest the peptide linkage between L-Ala and D-Glu in peptidoglycan of Streptococcus mutans. The lytic activity was highly specific for Streptococcus mutans, suggesting their potential use as a dental care product.  (+info)

Improving the binding affinity of an antibody using molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis. (4/3738)

Activated Factor X releases F1.2, a 271-amino acid peptide, from the amino terminus of prothrombin during blood coagulation. A nine-amino acid peptide, C9 (DSDRAIEGR), corresponding to the carboxyl terminus of F1.2 was synthesized and used to produce a monoclonal antibody, TA1 (K(D)) 1.22 x 10(-6) M). To model the TA1 antibody, we entered the sequence information of the cloned TA1 Fv into the antibody modeling program, ABM, which combines homology methods, conformational search procedures, and energy screening and has proved to be a reliable and reproducible antibody modeling method. Using a novel protein fusion procedure, we expressed the C9 peptide fused to the carboxyl terminus of the PENI repressor protein from Bacillus licheniformis in Escherichia coli. We constructed fusion proteins containing alanine substitutions for each amino acid in the C9 epitope. Binding studies, using the C9 alanine mutants and TA1, and spatial constraints predicted by the modeled TA1 binding cleft enabled us to establish a plausible conformation for C9 complexed with TA1. Furthermore, based on binding results of conservative amino acid substitutions in C9 and mutations in the antibody, we were able to refine the complex model and identify antibody mutations that would improve binding affinity.  (+info)

Active site characterization of the exo-N-acetyl-beta-D- glucosaminidase from thermotolerant Bacillus sp. NCIM 5120: involvement of tryptophan, histidine and carboxylate residues in catalytic activity. (5/3738)

The exo-N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30) from thermotolerant Bacillus sp. NCIM 5120 is a homotetramer with a molecular mass of 240000 kDa. Chemical modification studies on the purified exo-N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase revealed the involvement of a single tryptophan, histidine and carboxylate, per monomer, in the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Spectral analysis and maintenance of total enzyme activities indicated that N-acetylglucosamine (competitive inhibitor) and p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminide (substrate) prevented the modification of a single essential tryptophan, histidine and carboxylate residue. Kinetic parameters of partially inactivated enzyme (by NBS/HNBB) showed the involvement of tryptophan in substrate binding while that of histidine (by photooxidation/DEPC) and carboxylate (by EDAC/WRK) in catalysis. The Bacillus sp. NCIM 5120 exo-N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase deviates from the reported N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidases and beta-hexosaminidases that utilize anchimeric assistance in their hydrolytic mechanism.  (+info)

Can vector control play a useful supplementary role against bancroftian filariasis? (6/3738)

A single campaign of mass treatment for bancroftian filariasis with diethylcarbamazine (DEC) in Makunduchi, a town in Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania, combined with elimination of mosquito breeding in pit latrines with polystyrene beads was followed by a progressive decline over a 5-year period in the microfilarial rate from 49% to 3%. Evidence that vector control had contributed to this long-term decline was obtained by comparison with another town, Moga, where a DEC campaign was used without vector control and where resurgence of microfilariae could be observed 3-6 years after the campaign. In Zanzibar town, treatment of 3844 wet pit latrines and cesspits with polystyrene beads reduced the adult mosquito population in houses by about 65%. Supplementary treatment of open drains and marshes with Bacillus sphaericus produced little or no additional reduction compared to a sector of the town where only pit treatment with polystyrene was carried out. The cost and effort of achieving the 65% reduction in mosquito population could hardly be justified for its impact on filariasis alone, but its noticeable impact on biting nuisance might help to gain community support for an integrated programme.  (+info)

Key role of barstar Cys-40 residue in the mechanism of heat denaturation of bacterial ribonuclease complexes with barstar. (7/3738)

The mechanism by which barnase and binase are stabilized in their complexes with barstar and the role of the Cys-40 residue of barstar in that stabilization have been investigated by scanning microcalorimetry. Melting of ribonuclease complexes with barstar and its Cys-82-Ala mutant is described by two 2-state transitions. The lower-temperature one corresponds to barstar denaturation and the higher-temperature transition to ribonuclease melting. The barstar mutation Cys-40-Ala, which is within the principal barnase-binding region of barstar, simplifies the melting to a single 2-state transition. The presence of residue Cys-40 in barstar results in additional stabilization of ribonuclease in the complex.  (+info)

Cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of gyrB of Bacillus cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. mycoides, and B. anthracis and their application to the detection of B. cereus in rice. (8/3738)

As 16S rRNA sequence analysis has proven inadequate for the differentiation of Bacillus cereus from closely related species, we employed the gyrase B gene (gyrB) as a molecular diagnostic marker. The gyrB genes of B. cereus JCM 2152(T), Bacillus thuringiensis IAM 12077(T), Bacillus mycoides ATCC 6462(T), and Bacillus anthracis Pasteur #2H were cloned and sequenced. Oligonucleotide PCR primer sets were designed from within gyrB sequences of the respective bacteria for the specific amplification and differentiation of B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, and B. anthracis. The results from the amplification of gyrB sequences correlated well with results obtained with the 16S rDNA-based hybridization study but not with the results of their phenotypic characterization. Some of the reference strains of both B. cereus (three serovars) and B. thuringiensis (two serovars) were not positive in PCR amplification assays with gyrB primers. However, complete sequencing of 1.2-kb gyrB fragments of these reference strains showed that these serovars had, in fact, lower homology than their originally designated species. We developed and tested a procedure for the specific detection of the target organism in boiled rice that entailed 15 h of preenrichment followed by PCR amplification of the B. cereus-specific fragment. This method enabled us to detect an initial inoculum of 0.24 CFU of B. cereus cells per g of boiled rice food homogenate without extracting DNA. However, a simple two-step filtration step is required to remove PCR inhibitory substances.  (+info)

Comparative Sequence Analyses on the 16S rRNA (rDNA) of Bacillus acidocaldarius, Bacillus acidoterrestris, and Bacillus...Comparative Sequence Analyses on the 16S rRNA (rDNA) of Bacillus acidocaldarius, Bacillus acidoterrestris, and Bacillus...
Comparative 16S rRNA (rDNA) sequence analyses performed on the thermophilic Bacillus species Bacillus acidocaldarius, Bacillus acidoterrestris, and Bacillus cycloheptanicus revealed that these organisms are sufficiently different from the traditional Bacillus species to warrant reclassification in a new genus, Alicyclobacillus gen. nov. An analysis of 16S rRNA sequences established that these three thermoacidophiles cluster in a group that differs markedly from both the obligately thermophilic organism Bacillus stearother-mophilus and the facultatively thermophilic organism Bacillus coagulans, as well as many other common mesophilic and thermophilic Bacillus species. The thermoacidophilic Bacillus species B. acidocaldarius, B. acidoterrestris, and B. cycloheptanicus also are unique in that they possess Ļ‰-alicylic fatty acid as the major natural membranous lipid component, which is a rare phenotype that has not been found in any other Bacillus species characterized to date. This phenotype, along with
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-42-2-263
What does bacillus globigii mean?What does bacillus globigii mean?
Definition of bacillus globigii in the Definitions.net dictionary. Meaning of bacillus globigii. What does bacillus globigii mean? Information and translations of bacillus globigii in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.
https://www.definitions.net/definition/bacillus%20globigii
Domain assignment for gi|15614886|ref|NP 243189.1| from Bacillus halodurans C-125Domain assignment for gi|15614886|ref|NP 243189.1| from Bacillus halodurans C-125
Domain architecture and assignment details (superfamily, family, region, evalue) for gi|15614886|ref|NP_243189.1| from Bacillus halodurans C-125. Plus protein sequence and external database links.
http://supfam.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/SUPERFAMILY/cgi-bin/gene.cgi?genome=bh&seqid=gi%7C15614886%7Cref%7CNP_243189.1%7C
Bacillus polymyxa - Bacillus polymyxa Exporter, Importer, Manufacturer, Distributor, Supplier, Trading Company, Wholesaler,...Bacillus polymyxa - Bacillus polymyxa Exporter, Importer, Manufacturer, Distributor, Supplier, Trading Company, Wholesaler,...
RAJVI ENTERPRISE - Exporter, Importer, Manufacturer, Distributor, Supplier, Trading Company, Wholesaler, Retailer, Dealer & Producer of Bacillus polymyxa based in Ahmedabad, India
https://www.rajvienterprise.co.in/bacillus-polymyxa-3326294.html
Bacillus Polymyxa Manufacturer, Supplier, ExporterBacillus Polymyxa Manufacturer, Supplier, Exporter
Mystical Biotech Pvt. Ltd. - A growing Manufacturer, Supplier, Exporter of Bacillus Polymyxa based in Banagaluru, Karnataka, India. We are offering high quality Bacillus Polymyxa. Contact us now.
http://www.mysticalbiotech.in/bacillus-polymyxa-2479351.html
Incidence and characterisation of Bacillus sporothermodurans isolated from UHT milkIncidence and characterisation of Bacillus sporothermodurans isolated from UHT milk
Bacillus sporothermodurans, which was first detected in UHT milk in Germany in 1990, can affect the stability and shelf life of contaminated commercial UHT milk and cause economic losses. Due to the unusual thermal resistance of B. sporothermodurans spores, B. sporothermodurans can survive UHT treatment and proceed to grow in stored products causing instability because of their proteolytic activity (Huemer et al., 1998). This study was conducted to determine the level of B. sporothermodurans contamination in South African dairies and to understand the mechanism of B. sporothermodurans spore destruction in order to investigate ways of inactivating these spores without severe heating. The objectives were to determine the presence of Bacillus sporothermodurans in retail UHT milk along with milk from different points of a processing line and isolates from UHT milk in South Africa, UP20A and a reference strain of B. sporothermodurans, DSM 10599 from Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und ...
https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/25568
Purification and Characterization of Flagella from the Alkalophile Bacillus firmus RAB | Microbiology SocietyPurification and Characterization of Flagella from the Alkalophile Bacillus firmus RAB | Microbiology Society
Summary: Flagella from Bacillus firmus RAB, an alkalophilic bacterium, were purified to homogeneity. The flagella were shown to consist of a single protein subunit (flagellin) with an apparent molecular weight of 40000. The amino acid composition of B. firmus RAB flagellin was similar to that of other bacilli except that the former had far fewer basic amino acids. The paucity of basic amino acics may render the flagella more stable at external pH values as high as 11.0.
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-129-10-3239
BACILLUS CLAUSII SPORES - Bacillus Clausii Spores Wholesale Trader from ChandigarhBACILLUS CLAUSII SPORES - Bacillus Clausii Spores Wholesale Trader from Chandigarh
Wholesale Trader of BACILLUS CLAUSII SPORES - Bacillus Clausii Spores offered by Rechelist Pharma ( Biophar Lifesciences Private Limited), Chandigarh.
https://www.rechelist.com/bacillus-clausii-spores.html
Bacillus Clausii - Bacillus Clausii Manufacturer,Supplier In Gujarat,IndiaBacillus Clausii - Bacillus Clausii Manufacturer,Supplier In Gujarat,India
MITUSHI BIOPHARMA- Manufacturer & Supplier Of Bacillus Clausii In Gujarat,India. Find More Detail For Bacillus Clausii Manufacturers & Suppliers In Gujarat,India
https://www.mitushibiopharma.com/bacillus-clausii-4111819.html
Bacillus licheniformis (Weigmann) Chester ATCC Ā® 14580D-5ā„¢Bacillus licheniformis (Weigmann) Chester ATCC Ā® 14580D-5ā„¢
Bacillus licheniformis ATCC ® 14580D-5™ Designation: Genomic DNA from Bacillus licheniformis Strain 46 TypeStrain=True Application:
https://www.atcc.org/en/Products/Nucleic_Acid_Proteins_and_Cell_Extracts/Genomic_DNA_and_RNA/From_Bacteria/14580D-5.aspx
A nucleoside triphosphate-dependent deoxyribonuclease from Bacillus laterosporus. The mode of action of the enzyme | MetaA nucleoside triphosphate-dependent deoxyribonuclease from Bacillus laterosporus. The mode of action of the enzyme | Meta
The acid-soluble products of exhaustive digestion of native DNA with Bacillus laterosporus DNase consist of 6.5% of mononucleotides and 93.5% of oligonucleotides with an average chain length of 3.2. The results of viscometric studies and inactivation of transforming DNA indicate the exi...read more ...
https://www.meta.org/papers/a-nucleoside-triphosphate-dependent/1194248
pfkA - ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase - Bacillus licheniformis (strain ATCC 14580 / DSM 13 / JCM 2505 / NBRC 12200 / NCIMB...pfkA - ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase - Bacillus licheniformis (strain ATCC 14580 / DSM 13 / JCM 2505 / NBRC 12200 / NCIMB...
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis.
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q65G82
The oxidative activities of membrane vesicles from Bacillus caldolyticus. Energy-dependence of succinate oxidation |...The oxidative activities of membrane vesicles from Bacillus caldolyticus. Energy-dependence of succinate oxidation |...
1. The properties of membrane vesicles from the extreme thermophile Bacillus caldolyticus were investigated. 2. Vesicles prepared by exposure of spheroplasts to ultrasound contained cytochromes a, b and c, and at 50Ā°C they rapidly oxidized NADH and ascorbate in the presence of tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine. Succinate and l-malate were oxidized more slowly, and dl-lactate, l-alanine and glycerol 1-phosphate were not oxidized. 3. In the absence of proton-conducting uncouplers the oxidation of NADH was accompanied by a net translocation of H+ into the vesicles. Hydrolysis of ATP by a dicyclohexylcarbodi-imide-sensitive adenosine triphosphatase was accompanied by a similarly directed net translocation of H+. 4. Uncouplers (carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone or valinomycin plus NH4+) prevented net H+ translocation but stimulated ATP hydrolysis, NADH oxidation and ascorbate oxidation. The last result suggested an energy-conserving site in the respiratory chain between cytochrome c ...
http://www.biochemj.org/content/170/2/395
Resultat #805525 - Using an insect model to assess correlation between temperature and virulence in Bacillus weihenstephanensis...Resultat #805525 - Using an insect model to assess correlation between temperature and virulence in Bacillus weihenstephanensis...
Using an insect model to assess correlation between temperature and virulence in Bacillus weihenstephanensis and Bacillus cereus ...
https://app.cristin.no/results/show.jsf?id=805525
Energetics of alkaliphilic Bacillus species: physiology and molecules.Energetics of alkaliphilic Bacillus species: physiology and molecules.
Abstract The challenge of maintaining a cytoplasmic pH that is much lower than the external pH is central to the adaptation of extremely alkaliphilic Bacillus species to growth at ..
https://www.omicsonline.org/references/energetics-of-alkaliphilic-bacillus-species-physiology-and-molecules-914392.html
Domain assignment for gi|163941511|ref|YP 001646395.1| from Bacillus weihenstephanensis KBAB4Domain assignment for gi|163941511|ref|YP 001646395.1| from Bacillus weihenstephanensis KBAB4
Domain architecture and assignment details (superfamily, family, region, evalue) for gi|163941511|ref|YP_001646395.1| from Bacillus weihenstephanensis KBAB4. Plus protein sequence and external database links.
http://supfam.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/SUPERFAMILY/cgi-bin/gene.cgi?genome=62&seqid=gi%7C163941511%7Cref%7CYP_001646395.1%7C
Comprehensive proteomic study of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain FZB42 and its response to plant root exudatesComprehensive proteomic study of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain FZB42 and its response to plant root exudates
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain FZB42 is a free-living bacterium that competitively colonizes plant roots and stimulates plant growth by many different modes of action. The molecular basis of singular beneficial effects that this Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) exert on their hosts have been studied. To decipher the molecular cross-talk of B. amyloliquefaciens and its host plants as a whole system, an extensive proteomic approach was performed. Reference maps of the extracellular and cytosolic protein fractions were established. The highest number of secreted proteins was observed during stationary growth phase. Identified extracellular proteins belong to different functional classes, with the most prominent classes involved in carbohydrate degradation and transportation of molecules across the cell wall. Cytosolic extracts obtained from cultures grown in 1C and minimal media subjected to the 2 Dimensional Electrophoresis (2 DE), revealed 461 and 245 different protein entries, ...
https://edoc.hu-berlin.de/handle/18452/17457
Genome of alkaliphilic Bacillus pseudofirmus OF4 reveals adaptations that support the ability to grow in an external pH range...Genome of alkaliphilic Bacillus pseudofirmus OF4 reveals adaptations that support the ability to grow in an external pH range...
Fig. S1. Predicted secondary structures of the tmRNA and associated group I intron in the chromosome of B. pseudofirmus OF4. The structures were predicted by alignment with the homologous sequences in C. botulinum (Williams, 2002) followed by manual rearrangements. Nucleotides that are conserved in both sequence and structural position in B. pseudofirmus and C. botulinum are coloured in red. The various subdomains of the tmRNA (P1-P12) and group I intron (P1-P9) are indicated. In addition, for the tmRNA, the regions forming pseudoknots are labelled (ĪØ1 and ĪØ4) the nucleotides encoding the proteolysis tag are underlined; for the intron, flanking exon sequences are in lower case letters.. Fig. S2. Schematic representation of the 4.5 kb group II twintron in the pBpOF4-01 plasmid of B. pseudofirmus OF4. The twintron consists of two nested group II intron retroelements, where the innermost intron (in grey) encoding the reverse transcriptase (RT) BpOF4_20224 is inserted at the catalytic site of the ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02591.x/full?globalMessage=0
Molecular mechanisms controlling bacilysin biosynthesis in plant growth promoting rhizobacterium - Bacillus amyloliquefaciens...Molecular mechanisms controlling bacilysin biosynthesis in plant growth promoting rhizobacterium - Bacillus amyloliquefaciens...
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 is a Gram-positive, pathogen-suppressing and plant-growth promoting rhizobacterium. Apart from this ability, it produces a vast array of secondary metabolites, which includes both ribosomal and non-ribosomal peptides. In this work, the transcriptional activation and regulation of bacilysin biosynthesis were studied at the promoters of bac and ywfH genes. The promoter of bacilysin was identified using 5-deletion analysis. Sigma factor A (ĻƒA) was found to start transcription via conserved promoter elements (-10 and -35) of bac and ywfH genes. lacZ reporter fusion studies were performed in wild type and regulatory mutants. The results show the involvement of transcriptional regulators to activate the expression of bacilysin genes. Several global regulators such as DegU, ComA, Hpr and AbrB were identified and found to influence gene expression. In particular, I confirmed DegU binding in bac and ywfH promoters using radioactive DNase I footprinting. Furthermore, ...
https://edoc.hu-berlin.de/handle/18452/17206
Global Bacillus Coagulans Market 2016 Industry Share and Growth, Revenue, Price and Analysis to 2021 | BusinessGlobal Bacillus Coagulans Market 2016 Industry Share and Growth, Revenue, Price and Analysis to 2021 | Business
Headline: Bitcoin & Blockchain Searches Exceed Trump! Blockchain Stocks Are Next!. Global Bacillus Coagulans Industry 2021 Market Research Report analysed the current state in the definitions, classifications, applications and industry chain structure. The report also focuses on the development trends as well as history, competitive landscape analysis, and key regions etc in the international markets.. Global Bacillus Coagulans Industry 2021 Market Research Report is a professionally prepared report comprising of in-depth information as well as knowledge which is helpful to the new entrants and the established players. Key statistics on the state of the industry and the complete demand analysis of the industry is showcased in the report. Get the Exemplified Analysis for the Products of Bacillus Coagulans at: https://marketreportscenter.com/reports/489660/global-bacillus-coagulans-market-research-report-2016. The development policies, plans as well as the bill of materials, cost structures are ...
http://beforeitsnews.com/business/2017/02/global-bacillus-coagulans-market-2016-industry-share-and-growth-revenue-price-and-analysis-to-2021-3182543.html
Bacillus Coagulans Market Forecast, Trend Analysis & Competition TrackinBacillus Coagulans Market Forecast, Trend Analysis & Competition Trackin
Bacillus Coagulans Market Forecast, Trend Analysis & Competition Tracking - Global Market Insights 2018 to 2028. The latest report on the bacillus coagulans market by Fact.MR provides key insights, on the market along with the factors contributing to the market growth. The report also offers historical data and forecast on the bacillus coagulans ma
https://www.bccresearch.com/partners/fact-market-research/bacillus-coagulans-market-forecast-trend-analysis.html
Genome sequence of the thermophile Bacillus coagulans Hammer, the type strain of the species. - Semantic ScholarGenome sequence of the thermophile Bacillus coagulans Hammer, the type strain of the species. - Semantic Scholar
Here we announce a 3.0-Mb assembly of the Bacillus coagulans Hammer strain, which is the type strain of the species within the genus Bacillus. Genomic analyses based on the sequence may provide insights into the phylogeny of the species and help to elucidate characteristics of the poorly studied strains of Bacillus coagulans.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Genome-sequence-of-the-thermophile-Bacillus-coagul-Su-Tao/e0f4b509bc499fd6172e99368657e8b391283cf5
Bacillus Clausii Manufacturer, Supplier, ExporterBacillus Clausii Manufacturer, Supplier, Exporter
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New Study Highlights Safety of Probiotic Strain Bacillus coagulansNew Study Highlights Safety of Probiotic Strain Bacillus coagulans
Consuming large doses of Bacillus coagulans deemed safe for humans. CLEVELAND (April 7, 2009) - The results of a safety study to be published in the May issue of Food and Chemical Toxicology demonstrate that the probiotic strain, GanedenBC30 (Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086), is safe for human consumption, even in massive amounts. Many experts recognize the health benefits of probiotics, but some have stressed that probiotic strains must first demonstrate safety before recommendations can be made about their widespread use. The new study also sets the stage for the incorporation of GanedenBC30 into a wide variety of foods. Unlike many other probiotic strains, GanedenBC30 easily survives the challenges of food manufacturing, extreme temperatures, and the gastric environment.. Probiotics, also referred to as friendly bacteria, are becoming increasingly popular with consumers for several health benefits. However, safety studies do not exist for many strains of probiotics because there are no ...
https://www.ganedenprobiotics.com/probiotic-news/news/new-study-highlights-safety-of-probiotic-strain-bacillus-coagulans
Cellulase (endo-1,4-Ī²-D-glucanase) (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) [ME-CELBA] - $282.49 Equl offers Enzyme Assay Kits, Reagent...Cellulase (endo-1,4-Ī²-D-glucanase) (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) [ME-CELBA] - $282.49 Equl offers Enzyme Assay Kits, Reagent...
Cellulase (endo-1,4-Ī²-D-glucanase) (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) [ME-CELBA] - High purity recombinant Cellulase (endo-1,4-Ī²-D-glucanase) (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) for use in research, biochemical enzyme assays and in vitro diagnostic analysis. EC 3.2.1.4 CAZy Family: GH5 Recombinant. From Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. In 3.2 M ammonium sulphate. Specific activity: ~ 80 U/mg (40oC, pH 6.0 on CM-cellulose 4M); ~ 160 U/mg (60oC, pH 6.0 on CM-cellulose 4M). Stability: | 2 years at 4oC.
http://www.equl.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=70_1514_1716_1721&products_id=1022
Microbiology Society Journals | Bacillus horti sp. nov., a new Gram-negative alkaliphilic bacillusMicrobiology Society Journals | Bacillus horti sp. nov., a new Gram-negative alkaliphilic bacillus
Novel Gram-negative alkaliphilic strains were isolated from soil obtained from Atsuma, Hokkaido, Japan. The isolates were strictly aerobic rods that produced subterminally located ellipsoidal spores. Chemotaxonomic characteristics of the isolates included the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall and a DNA G+C content of 40Ā·2-40Ā·9 mol%. The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone-7 and the cellular fatty acid profile consisted of a significant amount of 15-C branched-chain acids, iso-C15:0 and anteiso-C15:0. The growth rate was higher at pH 8-10 than at pH 7. Comparative sequence analysis of 16S rDNA of 14 alkaliphilic Bacillus strains indicates that the isolated strain has an equidistant relationship to three already defined rRNA groups of alkaliphilic Bacillus species. Based on the morphological and physiological characteristics, as well as phylogenetic position as determined by 16S rDNA analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness data, it is concluded that these isolates should be designated
http://ijs.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-48-2-565
ATP synthesis by the F<sub>0</sub>F<sub>1</sub> ATP synthase from thermophilic Bacillus PS3 reconstituted into liposomes with...ATP synthesis by the F<sub>0</sub>F<sub>1</sub> ATP synthase from thermophilic Bacillus PS3 reconstituted into liposomes with...
TY - JOUR. T1 - ATP synthesis by the F0F1 ATP synthase from thermophilic Bacillus PS3 reconstituted into liposomes with bacteriorhodopsin. T2 - 2. Relationships between proton motive force and ATP synthesis. AU - Pitard, Bruno. AU - Richard, Peter. AU - DuƱach, Mireia. AU - Rigaud, Jean Louis. PY - 1996/2. Y1 - 1996/2. N2 - The correlation between the rate of ATP synthesis and light-induced proton flux was investigated in proteoliposomes reconstituted with bacteriorhodopsin and ATP synthase from thermophilic Bacillus PS3. By variation of the actinic light intensity it was found that ATP synthase activity depended in a sigmoidal manner on the amplitude of the transmembrane light-induced pH gradient. Maximal rates of ATP synthesis (up to 200 nmol ATP Ā· min-1 Ā· mg protein-1 were obtained at saturating light intensities under a steady-state pH gradient of about pH 1.25. It was demonstrated that this was the maximal Ī”pH attainable at 40Ā°C in reconstituted proteoliposomes, due to the feedback ...
https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/atp-synthesis-by-the-fsub0subfsub1sub-atp-synthase-from-thermophi-2
Stimulation of plant growth and biocontrol by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum FZB42 engineered for improved action ...Stimulation of plant growth and biocontrol by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum FZB42 engineered for improved action ...
During the last decade, the use of plant-root colonizing bacteria with plant growth-promoting activity has been proven as an efficient and environmental-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides and fertilizers. Biofertilizer and biocontrol formulations prepared from endospore-forming Bacillus strains are increasingly applied due to their long shelf life, which is comparable with that of agrochemicals. Today, spore suspensions from natural representatives of mainly Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus pumilus are available. However, these biofertilizers, directly prepared from environmental strains, are sometimes hampered in their action and do not fulfill in each case the expectations of the appliers (Borriss R, Bacteria in agrobiology: plant growth responses, Springer, 2011, pp. 41-76). This review will focus on several ways to improve the action of B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum FZB42T, the type strain for the group of plant-associated B. amyloliquefaciens strains. We
https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40538-014-0012-2/tables/4
Microbiology Society Journals | Bacillus pseudomycoides sp. nov.Microbiology Society Journals | Bacillus pseudomycoides sp. nov.
Previous DNA relatedness studies showed that strains idnentified as Bacillus mycoides segregated into two genetically distinct yet phenotypically similar groups, one being B. mycoides sensu stricto and the other, an unclassified taxon. In the present study, the taxonomic position of this second group was assessed by measuring DNA relatedness and determining phenotypic characteristics of an increased number of B. mycoides strains. Also determined was the second group's 16S RNA gene sequence. The 36 B. mycoides strains studied segregated into two genetically distinct groups showing DNA relatedness of about 30%; 18 strains represented the species proper and 18 the second group with intragroup DNA relatedness for both groups ranging from 70 to 100%. DNA relatedness to the type strains of presently recognized species with G+C contents of approximately 35 mol% (Bacillus alcalophilus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus lentus, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus sphaericus) ranged from 22 to 37%.
http://ijs.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-48-3-1031
Bioefficacy test of Hatakeā„¢ (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D203 strain) for control of crown rot disease in Cavendish bananas |...Bioefficacy test of Hatakeā„¢ (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D203 strain) for control of crown rot disease in Cavendish bananas |...
Postharvest diseases of bananas remain a significant challenge of banana exporting countries and can result in considerable losses. Adequate storage and transportation facilities are among the strategies employed to reduce losses, but chemical control has been found to be more effective and economical. Synthetic fungicides have traditionally been used to mitigate postharvest diseases caused by harmful microorganisms. However, with current global health concern, there is a public desire to utilize eco-friendly alternatives to address decay loss. A study on the bioefficacy of a commercial formulation containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D203 (Hatakeā„¢) for control of crown rot disease in Cavendish bananas, was conducted using both in vitro and in vivo screening techniques. Its potential in controlling crown rot and the efficacy of different rates were determined. Crown rot causing microorganisms were isolated and tested for antagonism by B. amyloliquefaciens strain D203. Efficacy was ...
https://www.ishs.org/ishs-article/1245_13
ODonnell Formulas, Inc. The Ultimate Acidophilus Plus Bacillus Coagulans 2 Billion CFU 60 Veg Caps - Swanson Health ProductsODonnell Formulas, Inc. The Ultimate Acidophilus Plus Bacillus Coagulans 2 Billion CFU 60 Veg Caps - Swanson Health Products
Shop the best ODonnell Formulas, Inc. The Ultimate Acidophilus Plus Bacillus Coagulans 2 Billion CFU 60 Veg Caps products at Swanson Health Products. Trusted since 1969, we offer trusted quality and great value on ODonnell Formulas, Inc. The Ultimate Acidophilus Plus Bacillus Coagulans 2 Billion CFU 60 Veg Caps products.
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Characterization of Factors From Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens Strain PFR1 that Caused Adventitious Antheridia and Catenulate...Characterization of Factors From Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens Strain PFR1 that Caused Adventitious Antheridia and Catenulate...
Products, termed Antheridiogen Factor (AF), and vesicle like sac formation factor (VLS-F) were present in a culture of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens stra..
https://www.longdom.org/abstract/characterization-of-factors-from-embacillus-amyloliquefaciensem-strain-pfr1-that-caused-adventitious-antheridia-and-cate-7301.html
Native Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Protease - Creative EnzymesNative Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Protease - Creative Enzymes
Bacterial protease produced by submerged fermentation of a selected strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Secretion of protease by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can be inhib
https://www.creative-enzymes.com/product/Native-Bacillus-Amyloliquefaciens-Protease_935.html
Best Bacillus Clausii Spores Suspension Manufacturers in IndiaBest Bacillus Clausii Spores Suspension Manufacturers in India
Elmed Chemicals, is one of the best bacillus clausii spores suspension manufacturers in India producing supplements at an affordable price. Buy now.
https://www.elmedlifesciences.com/products/bacillus-clausii-spores-suspension/
Screening for industrially important extracellular enzymes from alkalophilic bacillus genusScreening for industrially important extracellular enzymes from alkalophilic bacillus genus
Alkalophilic Bacillus include industrially important species since they can produce many extracellular enzymes which are active and stable at high pH values.These alkaline enzymes (proteases, amylases, xylanases, cellulases, lipases and pectinases) find use in various field of industry such as leather, detergent, paper industries and waste water treatment.Isolation of diverse bacteria plays an important role in finding novel enzymes with improved characteristics. The aim of this study was therefore to screen for alkaline extracellular enzymes of alkalophilic Bacillus isolated from soil, horse feces and leather processing and to characterize these strains by phenotypic tests and by 16S-ITS rDNA based RFLP.At the end of the study, rod-shaped, endospore forming and Gram positive 116 strains were identified as Bacillus. Ten of the 116 strains were found to be obligate alkalophilic. 91 protease, 77 amylase, 18 xylanase, 3 cellulase, 74 pectinolytic enzyme (71 polygalacturonic acid degrading and 72 ...
https://openaccess.iyte.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/11147/3735
EFSA Journal | Page 5 | AutoritƩ europƩenne de sƩcuritƩ des alimentsEFSA Journal | Page 5 | AutoritƩ europƩenne de sƩcuritƩ des aliments
Further Studies on the Amylolytic System Elaborated by Bacillus polymyxa | Biochemical Society TransactionsFurther Studies on the Amylolytic System Elaborated by Bacillus polymyxa | Biochemical Society Transactions
Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about Biochemical Society Transactions.. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.. ...
http://www.biochemsoctrans.org/content/1/5/1097
Evaluation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens H57 as a probiotic in livestock | Australian Centre for EcogenomicsEvaluation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens H57 as a probiotic in livestock | Australian Centre for Ecogenomics
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H57 was initially isolated for its ability to inhibit the growth of fungi that causes livestock feed to spoil. When applied to feed, H57 markedly reduces fungal growth for up to three months.
https://ecogenomic.org/evaluation-bacillus-amyloliq
Bacillus Coagulans Probiotics Powder - Creative EnzymesBacillus Coagulans Probiotics Powder - Creative Enzymes
Bacillus Coagulans Probiotics Powder is a Gram-positive rod, catalase positive, spore-forming, motile, a facultative anaerobe. B. coagulans may appear Gram-negative when
https://www.creative-enzymes.com/product/Bacillus-Coagulans-Probiotics-Powder_16443.html
Bacillus Coagulans for Balance and Health | MindZymesBacillus Coagulans for Balance and Health | MindZymes
Bacillus coagulans (B. coagulans) is a remarkably interesting type of good bacteria that is also a probiotic that produces lactic acid. This probiotic produces spores during a reproductive cycle, so it is able to be dormant and survive under circumstances that kill other probiotics.
https://mindzymes.com/bacillus-coagulans/
Ganeden Biotech Obtains Self-Affirmed GRAS Status for Probiotic Ingredient, GanedenBC30 (Bacillus coagulans GBI... ( ...Ganeden Biotech Obtains Self-Affirmed GRAS Status for Probiotic Ingredient, GanedenBC30 (Bacillus coagulans GBI... ( ...
... CLEVELAND Dec. 4 /- An independent panel of scientis...(Logo: A HREF http://www.newscom.com/cgi-bin/prnh/20041213/CLM031LOG... With so many health benefits and potential applications available for...GanedenBC30 (Bacillus coagulans GBI-30 6086) is a high-survivability...,Ganeden,Biotech,Obtains,Self-Affirmed,GRAS,Status,for,Probiotic,Ingredient,,GanedenBC30,(Bacillus,coagulans,GBI-30,,6086),biological,advanced biology technology,biology laboratory technology,biology device technology,latest biology technology
http://www.bio-medicine.org/biology-technology-1/Ganeden-Biotech-Obtains-Self-Affirmed-GRAS-Status-for-Probiotic-Ingredient--GanedenBC30--28Bacillus-coagulans-GBI-30--6086-29-2060-1/
Complete Genome Sequence of a thermotolerant sporogenic lactic acid bacterium, Bacillus coagulans strain 36D1Complete Genome Sequence of a thermotolerant sporogenic lactic acid bacterium, Bacillus coagulans strain 36D1
In addition to its use in food and cosmetics, lactic acid is increasingly used as a starting material for production of bio-based, renewable plastics [1-3]. Optically pure lactic acid required by the bioplastics industry is currently produced only by bacterial fermentation of sugars [3,4]. The main sugars currently used in such fermentations are glucose derived from corn starch or sucrose from sugar cane, sugar beets, etc. With increasing demand for renewable bio-based plastics, there is a shift away from food-based carbohydrates to non-food carbohydrates such as lignocellulosic biomass for lactic acid production [5,6]. Commercial fungal cellulases play a central role in the conversion of cellulose to glucose before fermentation to lactic acid and these enzymes function optimally at 50Ā°C and pH 5.0 [7-10]. By matching the fungal enzyme activity optimum with that of the growth and fermentation optimum of the microbial biocatalyst, such as Bacillus coagulans, the amount of fungal cellulases ...
http://standardsingenomics.org/content/5/3/331/
Bacillus licheniformis (Weigmann) Chester ATCC Ā® 12759ā„¢Bacillus licheniformis (Weigmann) Chester ATCC Ā® 12759ā„¢
Bacillus licheniformis ATCC ® 12759™ Designation: TypeStrain=False Application: Quality control strain Used in studies of proteinase
https://www.atcc.org/Products/Collections/Preceptrol_Cultures/12759.aspx
RCSB PDB - 1I5E: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BACILLUS CALDOLYTICUS URACIL PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE WITH BOUND UMP...RCSB PDB - 1I5E: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BACILLUS CALDOLYTICUS URACIL PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE WITH BOUND UMP...
1I5E: Structure of product-bound Bacillus caldolyticus uracil phosphoribosyltransferase confirms ordered sequential substrate binding.
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/derivedData.do?structureId=1I5E
Bacillus Coagulans | ThorneBacillus Coagulans | Thorne
The intestinal tract contains trillions of bacteria that, when a person is healthy, coexist with us in a beneficial, symbiotic relationship. The beneficial bacteria help digest food, produce vitamins, regulate the metabolism, and facilitate a normal immune response.* Probiotic bacteria promote a healthy intestinal environment by producing lactic acid and by secreting fatty acids that are helpful to the growth of other beneficial microorganisms.* Bacillus coagulans (also known as Lactobacillus sporogenes) is a lactic acid-producing bacteria that is unique in probiotic supplementation.* While this beneficial bacteria is dormant in the bottle, it reverts to a growing bacteria in the intestines.* As a result, it resists being killed by stomach acid; in contrast, many Lactobacillus probiotics lose much of their potency before use and do not survive their transit through the stomach ...
https://www.thorne.com/products/products/dp/bacillus-coagulans
Some characteristics of a proteinase from a thermophilic Bacillus sp. expressed in Escherichia coli: comparison with the native...Some characteristics of a proteinase from a thermophilic Bacillus sp. expressed in Escherichia coli: comparison with the native...
Proteinase Ak.1 was produced during the stationary phase of Bacillus sp. Ak.1 cultures. It is a serine proteinase with a pI of 4.0, and the molecular mass was estimated to be 36.9 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The enzyme was stable at 60 and 70 degrees C, with half-lives of 13 h and 19 min at 80 and 90 degrees C, respectively. Maximum proteolytic activity was observed at pH 7.5 with azocasein as a substrate, and the enzyme also cleaved the endoproteinase substrate Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-NH-Np (succinyl-alanyl-alanyl-prolyl-phenylalanine p-nitroanalide). Major cleavage sites of the insulin B chain were identified as Leu-15-Tyr-16, Gln-4-His-5, and Glu-13-Ala-14. The proteinase gene was cloned in Escherichia coli, and expression of the active enzyme was detected in the extracellular medium at 75 degrees C. The enzyme is expressed in E. coli as an inactive proproteinase at 37 degrees C and is converted to the mature enzyme by heating the cell-free media ...
https://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/handle/10289/4481
Bacillus Coagulans - 3 Billion CFU - 60 Acid-Resistant Veg Caps - Seeking Health - YourHealthBasketBacillus Coagulans - 3 Billion CFU - 60 Acid-Resistant Veg Caps - Seeking Health - YourHealthBasket
May help support a healthy intestinal environment Highly resilient probiotic strain - great for travel May help support digestive comfort May help support a healthy gut barrier and immune system Buy Bacillus Coagulans - 3 Billion CFU - 60 Acid-Resistant Veg Caps - Seeking Health online from YourHealthBasket. Number 1 UK Practitioner Website.
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MapleLife kids probiotics bacillus coagulans 250 millions CFU | Dr. SlimMapleLife kids probiotics bacillus coagulans 250 millions CFU | Dr. Slim
Each gummy contains Bacillus Coagulans 250 million CFUs, helps temporally modify gut flora and could promote a favorable gut environment by restoring the natural balance of gut ...
https://www.drslim.ca/product-page/maplelife-kids-probiotics-bacillus-coagulans-250-millions-cfu
Isolation and Characterization of Bacillus licheniformis Strain for Bioleaching of Heavy MetalsIsolation and Characterization of Bacillus licheniformis Strain for Bioleaching of Heavy Metals
Introduction: Increased usage and improper management of electronic wastes result in immense environmental pollution. Although conventional techniques are well known for heavy metals removal from the environment, their high cost and severe environmental consequences indicate the urgent requirement of cost-effective methods of heavy metals uptake. Bioaccumulation can be considered as an alternative to the traditional methods in terms of their cost-effectiveness and maximum recovery of the metal ions. Materials and Methods: This study deals with the isolation of heavy metals tolerant Gram-positive bacterial strain, Bacillus licheniformis JAJ3, and its application in bioaccumulation of copper, lead, and nickel and bioleaching of heavy metals from electronic waste. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to identify the bacterial strain. The accumulation study was carried out in a liquid medium and analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Bioleaching activity was checked using the one-step procedure. For
http://www.biotechrep.ir/article_110332.html
VARIANTS OF BACILLUS LICHENIFORMIS ALPHA-AMYLASE WITH INCREASED THERMOSTABILITY AND/OR DECREASED CALCIUM DEPENDENCE - Patent...VARIANTS OF BACILLUS LICHENIFORMIS ALPHA-AMYLASE WITH INCREASED THERMOSTABILITY AND/OR DECREASED CALCIUM DEPENDENCE - Patent...
611536DNAArtificial SequenceDescription of Artificial Sequence Synthetic polynucleotide 1atgaaacaac aaaaacggct ttacgcccga ttgctgacgc tgttatttgc gctcatcttc 60ttgctgcctc attctgcagc ttcagcagca aatcttaatg ggacgctgat gcagtatttt 120gaatggtaca tgcccaatga cggccaacat tggaagcgtt tgcaaaacga ctcggcatat 180ttggctgaac acggtattac tgccgtctgg attcccccgg catataaggg aacgagccaa 240gcggatgtgg gctacggtgc ttacgacctt tatgatttag gggagtttca tcaaaaaggg 300acggttcgga caaagtacgg cacaaaagga gagctgcaat ctgcgatcaa aagtcttcat 360tcccgcgaca ttaacgttta cggggatgtg gtcatcaacc acaaaggcgg cgctgatgcg 420accgaagatg taaccgcggt tgaagtcgat cccgctgacc gcaaccgcgt aatttcagga 480gaacacctaa ttaaagcctg gacacatttt cattttccgg ggcgcggcag cacatacagc 540gattttaaat ggcattggta ccattttgac ggaaccgatt gggacgagtc ccgaaagctg 600aaccgcatct ataagtttca aggaaaggct tgggattggg aagtttccaa tgaaaacggc 660aactatgatt atttgatgta tgccgacatc gattatgacc atcctgatgt cgcagcagaa 720attaagagat ggggcacttg gtatgccaat gaactgcaat tggacggttt ccgtcttgat 780gctgtcaaac acattaaatt ...
http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/app/20090238923
Characterization of a Mannose-6-Phosphate Isomerase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Its Application in Fructose-6-Phosphate...Characterization of a Mannose-6-Phosphate Isomerase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Its Application in Fructose-6-Phosphate...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Characterization of a Mannose-6-Phosphate Isomerase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Its Application in Fructose-6-Phosphate Production. AU - Sigdel, Sujan. AU - Singh, Ranjitha. AU - Kim, Tae Su. AU - Li, Jinglin. AU - Kim, Sang Yong. AU - Kim, In Won. AU - Jung, Woo Suk. AU - Pan, Cheol Ho. AU - Kang, Yun Chan. AU - Lee, Jung Kul. N1 - Publisher Copyright: Ā© 2015 Baikara et al. Copyright: Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2015/7/14. Y1 - 2015/7/14. N2 - The BaM6PI gene encoding a mannose-6-phosphate isomerase (M6PI, EC 5.3.1.8) was cloned from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSM7 and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The enzyme activity of BaM6PI was optimal at pH and temperature of 7.5 and 70Ā°C, respectively, with a kcat/Km of 13,900 s-1 mM-1 for mannose-6-phosphate (M6P). The purified BaM6PI demonstrated the highest catalytic efficiency of all characterized M6PIs. Although M6PIs have been characterized from several other sources, BaM6PI is ...
https://koreauniv.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/characterization-of-a-mannose-6-phosphate-isomerase-from-bacillus
Thermotolerant Bacillus licheniformis TY7 produces optically active l-lactic acid from kitchen refuse under open condition -...Thermotolerant Bacillus licheniformis TY7 produces optically active l-lactic acid from kitchen refuse under open condition -...
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Thermotolerant Bacillus licheniformis TY7 produces optically active l-lactic acid from kitchen refuse under open condition. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/thermotolerant-bacillus-licheniformis-ty7-produces-optically-acti/fingerprints/
A cellulase gene from a new alkalophilic Bacillus sp. (strain N186-1). Its cloning, nucleotide sequence and expression in...A cellulase gene from a new alkalophilic Bacillus sp. (strain N186-1). Its cloning, nucleotide sequence and expression in...
Several alkalophilic Bacillus spp. strains were selected for their capacity to produce alkaline cellulases. Culture supernatants of these strains showed optimal cellulase activities between pH 8 and 9 and they were stable from pH 6 to pH 12. A cellul
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/cellulase-gene-from-new-alkalophilic/8987645.html
Recombinant lipase immobilised in the cell wall of Bacillus halodurans Alk 36 exploiting the FliC protein | Microbial Cell...Recombinant lipase immobilised in the cell wall of Bacillus halodurans Alk 36 exploiting the FliC protein | Microbial Cell...
There are a number of methods in which heterologous peptides and proteins can be displayed on the cell surface of bacteria. The first use of the FliC system for display was carried out by Kuwajima et al. [1] where an eleven amino acid epitope from the egg-white lysozyme was displayed on the surface of E. coli. Ezaki et al [2] and Tanskanen et al [3] both demonstrated that large polypeptides could also be displayed successfully using E. coli flagellin. These proteins included an alkaline phosphatase (471 aa) and the collagen binding region of YadA of Yersinia enterolcolitica (302 aa) respectively. To our knowledge, the display of heterologous proteins using the FliC protein from flagella has not previously been demonstrated in Gram-positive bacteria. Bacillus halodurans Alk36 is an alkalophilic, Gram-positive bacterial strain which has the inherent capability of over-expressing the FliC protein. This was harnessed as an opportunity for the development of a novel surface display system using this ...
https://microbialcellfactories.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1475-2859-5-S1-P84
The Best Bacillus Coagulans Spores Soft Gelatin CapsuleThe Best Bacillus Coagulans Spores Soft Gelatin Capsule
Get the best Bacillus Coagulans Spores Soft Gelatin Capsule from Elmed Chemicals to improve your health in every way and cater to your nutritional needs.
https://www.elmedlifesciences.com/products/bacillus-coagulans-spores-soft-gelatin-capsule/
Structural basis for Ni2+ transport and assembly of the urease active site by the metallochaperone UreE from Bacillus pasteurii.Structural basis for Ni2+ transport and assembly of the urease active site by the metallochaperone UreE from Bacillus pasteurii.
article{139117, author = {Remaut, Han and SAFAROV, N and CIURLI, S and Van Beeumen, Jozef}, issn = {0021-9258}, journal = {JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY}, language = {eng}, number = {52}, pages = {49365--49370}, title = {Structural basis for Ni2+ transport and assembly of the urease active site by the metallochaperone UreE from Bacillus pasteurii.}, volume = {276}, year = {2001 ...
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/139117
Bacillus Coagulans Powder - heyedmonton.comBacillus Coagulans Powder - heyedmonton.com
Kat has been writing about veganism, environment, and sustainability for five years. Their interests include over-analyzing the various socioeconomic forms of oppression, how that overlaps with veganism, and how the media in all of its forms reflects the current culture. Vegan and cruelty-free beauty brand Pacifica just dropped its latest collection at Target - and it includes drinkable probiotic powder you can add to water, juice, or smoothies. The new collection features four Beauty Powders, each of which contains vegan superfood ingredients said to benefit the body and mind. Seek Balance is a coconut vanilla-flavored powder packed with plant-based probiotics (bacillus coagulans, to be exact), antioxidant-rich berry powder, and coconut oil to benefit your gut health. Slay All Day contains pineapple powder, ashwaganda (a medicinal herb used in Ayurvedic medicine thats said to reduce stress), green tea, and hyaluronic acid to help you stay calm and keep your skin healthy. Glow Greens helps you ...
http://heyedmonton.com/bacillus-coagulans-powder/
Buy M Sip Lax 1 billion CFU Bacillus coagulans and sennosides 7.5 mg Online at Best Price - GeneralBuy M Sip Lax 1 billion CFU Bacillus coagulans and sennosides 7.5 mg Online at Best Price - General
Shop M Sip Lax 1 billion CFU Bacillus coagulans and sennosides 7.5 mg Online at a low price. Search personal care, ayurvedic, homeopathy, baby & mother care, fitness supplements and healthcare devices from Netmeds. Order and get doorstep delivery anywhere in India.
https://www.netmeds.com/non-prescriptions/m-sip-lax-1-billion-cfu-bacillus-coagulans-and-sennosides-7-5-mg
alpha-Galactosidase 4A from Bacillus halodurans | | Apollo Scientificalpha-Galactosidase 4A from Bacillus halodurans | | Apollo Scientific
Product Name:alpha-Galactosidase 4A from Bacillus halodurans CAS Number: Catalouge Number:BIZY1000 Purity: Commodity Code:99999999 MDL Number: Notes:alpha-Galactosidases are enzymes that participate in the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-galactose. Family: GH4. E.C.:3.2.1.22. Architecture: GH4. Main activity:alpha-Galactosidase. Synonyms:
https://store.apolloscientific.co.uk/product/alpha-galactosidase-4a-from-bacillus-halodurans
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum strains as potential protective starter cultures for the production of Bikalga, an...Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum strains as potential protective starter cultures for the production of Bikalga, an...
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum strains as potential protective starter cultures for the production of Bikalga, an alkaline fermented food ...
https://food.ku.dk/english/staff/?pure=en%2Fpublications%2Fbacillus-amyloliquefaciens-ssp-plantarum-strains-as-potential-protective-starter-cultures-for-the-production-of-bikalga-an-alkaline-fermented-food
Simultaneous and sequential based co-fermentations of Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 1841: a...Simultaneous and sequential based co-fermentations of Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 1841: a...
The consequence of simultaneous and sequential inoculation of T. asperellum and B. amyloliquefaciens cultures with respect to growth rate, differential expression of vital genes and metabolites were examined. The competition was observed between T. asperellum and B. amyloliquefaciens under co-cultivation. The proliferation of Trichoderma was reduced in the simultaneous inoculation (TB1) method, possibly due to the fastest growth of Bacillus. Both T. asperellum and B. amyloliquefaciens were proliferated in sequential inoculation method (TB2). The sequential inoculation method (TB2) upregulated the expression of metabolites and vital genes (sporulation, secondary metabolites, mycoparasitism enzymes and antioxidants) in Trichoderma and downregulated in Bacillus and vice versa in co-inoculation method (TB1). The metabolic changes in the co-culture promoted the maize plant growth and defense potential under normal and biotic stress conditions. The metabolites produced by the co-culture of T. asperellum and B
https://microbialcellfactories.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12934-019-1233-7
Biological decolorization of industrial dyes by |italic|Candida tropicalis|/italic| and |italic|Bacillus firmus|/italic| on...Biological decolorization of industrial dyes by |italic|Candida tropicalis|/italic| and |italic|Bacillus firmus|/italic| on...
Article Biological decolorization of industrial dyes by |italic|Candida tropicalis|/italic| and |italic|Bacillus firmus|/italic|. Disperse dyes are chiefly used by textile industries for the coloration of polyester and cellulose triacetate and their ...
https://www.environmental-expert.com/articles/biological-decolorization-of-industrial-dyes-by-italic-candida-tropicalis-italic-and-italic-bacillus-236261
UniProt/TrEMBL: Q5WE67 BACSKUniProt/TrEMBL: Q5WE67 BACSK
ID Q5WE67_BACSK Unreviewed; 277 AA. AC Q5WE67; DT 23-NOV-2004, integrated into UniProtKB/TrEMBL. DT 23-NOV-2004, sequence version 1. DT 25-OCT-2017, entry version 69. DE SubName: Full=ATP-dependent DNA ligase {ECO:0000313,EMBL:BAD65343.1}; DE EC=6.5.1.1 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:BAD65343.1}; GN Name=ligB {ECO:0000313,EMBL:BAD65343.1}; GN OrderedLocusNames=ABC2809 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:BAD65343.1}; OS Bacillus clausii (strain KSM-K16). OC Bacteria; Firmicutes; Bacilli; Bacillales; Bacillaceae; Bacillus. OX NCBI_TaxID=66692 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:BAD65343.1, ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000001168}; RN [1] {ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000001168} RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=KSM-K16 {ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000001168}; RA Takaki Y., Kageyama Y., Shimamura S., Suzuki H., Nishi S., Hatada Y., RA Kawai S., Ito S., Horikoshi K.; RT The complete genome sequence of the alkaliphilic Bacillus clausii RT KSM-K16.; RL Submitted (OCT-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. CC ...
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?tr:Q5WE67_BACSK
Impact of Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal, Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Soil Yeast on Growth, Yield and...Impact of Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal, Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Soil Yeast on Growth, Yield and...
Abstract: A factorial design experiment was conducted on field to investigate the effects of inoculation with AM fungi (Glomus mosseae), phosphate solubilizing bacteria strain (Bacillus polymyxa) and soil yeast strain (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on growth, phosphorus content and yield of onion plants in calcareous soil under different levels of phosphorus fertilization (P1: 50, P2: 100 and P3: 200 kg ha-1). Results showed that inoculation with G. mosseae or B. polymyxa significantly (p = 0.05) increased plant height, shoot fresh and dry weights, root fresh and dry weights, average bulb diameter and total yield. The highest total yield and average bulb diameter were obtained from the inoculation treatment of AM fungus G. mosseae, recording 14.4 and 40.8% increases, respectively over the uninoculated control. Also, inoculation with AM fungus (G. mosseae) had a significant increase in all mineral content in onion plant compared with uninoculated control or other biofertilizers inoculation treatments ...
https://scialert.net/asci/ascidetail.php?doi=ijss.2015.93.99&kw=Saccharomyces%20cerevisiae
IJMS | Free Full-Text | An Amphiprotic Novel Chitosanase from Bacillus mycoides and Its Application in the Production of...IJMS | Free Full-Text | An Amphiprotic Novel Chitosanase from Bacillus mycoides and Its Application in the Production of...
The objectives of this investigation were to produce a novel chitosanase for application in industries and waste treatment. The transformation of chitinous biowaste into valuable bioactive chitooligomers (COS) is one of the most exciting applications of chitosanase. An amphiprotic novel chitosanase from Bacillus mycoides TKU038 using squid pen powder (SPP)-containing medium was retrieved from a Taiwan soil sample, which was purified by column chromatography, and characterized by biochemical protocol. Extracellular chitosanase (CS038) was purified to 130-fold with a 35% yield, and its molecular mass was roughly 48 kDa. CS038 was stable over a wide range of pH values (4-10) at 50 Ā°C and exhibited an optimal temperature of 50 Ā°C. Interestingly, the optimum pH values were estimated as 6 and 10, whereas CS038 exhibited chitosan-degrading activity (100% and 94%, respectively). CS038 had Km and Vmax values of 0.098 mg/mL and 1.336 U/min, separately, using different concentrations of water-soluble chitosan. A
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/8/1302
P.L. Thomas Signs Distribution Deal with Ganeden for Probiotic Ingredient, GanedenBC30 (BaciP.L. Thomas Signs Distribution Deal with Ganeden for Probiotic Ingredient, GanedenBC30 (Baci
CLEVELAND, OH (January 8, 2008) - New Jersey based ingredient supplier, P.L. Thomas (PLT) announced today that it has partnered with Ganeden, Inc to represent the probiotic ingredient, GanedenBC30 (Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086) to the food and beverage industry.. GanedenBC30 (Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086) is a kosher, self-affirmed GRAS certified high-survivability strain of the probiotic, Bacillus coagulans. In addition to food products, GanedenBC30 is currently used in a broad range of applications including dietary supplements, animal health products, feminine hygiene and topical applications. GanedenBC30 is unique because it is shielded by a natural organic layer which protects the probiotic cells from the harsh manufacturing processes, do not require refrigeration and survive gastric acidity. Overall, GanedenBC30 has shown to be heartier than other probiotic strains and exhibits excellent stability, offering more flexibility in manufacturing and delivery systems.. GanedenBC30 can be ...
https://www.ganedenprobiotics.com/probiotic-news/news/p.l.-thomas-signs-distribution-deal-with-ganeden-for-probiotic-ingr
Bacillus mycoides: zone of inhibition | Exploring The InvisibleBacillus mycoides: zone of inhibition | Exploring The Invisible
This is a bit of fun I did with my children to show them the dangers of eating too many sweets. Bacteria are commonly used as poweful sensors for toxins and environmental pollutants so for this experiment I fed some Gummy Bear sweets to the spreading soil bacterium Bacillus mycoides. As you can see fromā€¦
https://exploringtheinvisible.com/2012/11/20/bacillus-mycoides-zone-of-inhibition/
Browse by Author - ePrints@IIScBrowse by Author - [email protected]
Deo, Namita and Natarajan, KA and Somasundaran, P (2001) Mechanisms of adhesion of Paenibacillus polymyxa onto hematite, corundum and quartz. In: International Journal of Mineral Processing, 62 (1-4). pp. 27-39. Natarajan, KA and Deo, Namita (2001) Role of bacterial interaction and bioreagents in iron ore flotation. In: International Journal of Mineral Processing, 62 (1-4). pp. 143-157. Deo, Namita and Natarajan, KA and Rao, Hanumantha K and Forssberg, KSE (1999) Biodegradation of some organic reagents from mineral process effluents. In: Biohydrometallurgy and the Environment Toward the Mining of the 21st Century - Proceedings of the International Biohydrometallurgy Symposium, JUN 20-23, 1999, Madrid, Spain. Deo, Namita and Vasan, SS and Modak, Jayant M and Natarajan, KA (1999) Selective biodissolution of calcium and iron from bauxite in the presence of Bacillus polymyxa. In: Biohydrometallurgy and the Environment Toward the Mining of the 21st Century - Proceedings of the International ...
http://eprints.iisc.ernet.in/view/people/Deo=3ANamita=3A=3A.default.html
probeBase 2016 | An online resource for rRNA-targeted oligonucleotidesprobeBase 2016 | An online resource for rRNA-targeted oligonucleotides
2.4x) was achieved between PM and 1-MM duplexes at the dissociation temperature at which 50% of the probe-target duplexes remained intact. This provided excellent differentiation among representatives of different Bacillus species, both individually and in mixtures of two or three. The overall pattern of hybridization derived from this hierarchical probe set also provided a clear chip fingerprint for each of these closely related Bacillus species.>. Optimization of an oligonucleotide microchip for microbial identification studies: a non-equilibrium dissociation approach. Liu WT, Mirzabekov AD, Stahl DA. Environmental microbiology. 2001. Pubmed ...
http://probebase.csb.univie.ac.at/pb_report/probe/403
probeBase 2016 | An online resource for rRNA-targeted oligonucleotidesprobeBase 2016 | An online resource for rRNA-targeted oligonucleotides
2.4x) was achieved between PM and 1-MM duplexes at the dissociation temperature at which 50% of the probe-target duplexes remained intact. This provided excellent differentiation among representatives of different Bacillus species, both individually and in mixtures of two or three. The overall pattern of hybridization derived from this hierarchical probe set also provided a clear chip fingerprint for each of these closely related Bacillus species.>. Optimization of an oligonucleotide microchip for microbial identification studies: a non-equilibrium dissociation approach. Liu WT, Mirzabekov AD, Stahl DA. Environmental microbiology. 2001. Pubmed ...
http://probebase.csb.univie.ac.at/pb_report/probe/401
PLOS ONE: Rapid assessment of viable but non-culturable Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 in commercial formulations using Flow...PLOS ONE: Rapid assessment of viable but non-culturable Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 in commercial formulations using Flow...
Accurate enumeration of bacterial count in probiotic formulation is imperative to ensure that the product adheres to regulatory standards and citation in consumer product label. Standard methods like plate count, can enumerate only replicating bacterial population under selected culture conditions. Viable but non culturable bacteria (VBNC) retain characteristics of living cells and can regain cultivability by a process known as resuscitation. This is a protective mechanism adapted by bacteria to evade stressful environmental conditions. B. coagulans MTCC 5856(LactoSporeĀ®) is a probiotic endospore which can survive for decades in hostile environments without dividing. In the present study, we explored the use of flow cytometry to enumerate the viable count of B. coagulans MTCC 5856 under acidic and alkaline conditions, high temperature and in commercial formulations like compressed tablets and capsules. Flow cytometry (FCM) was comparable to plate count method when the spores were counted at
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/comments?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0192836
Serine alkaline protease overproduction capacity of Bacillus licheniformisSerine alkaline protease overproduction capacity of Bacillus licheniformis
A comprehensive metabolic network that considers 147 reaction fluxes and 105 metabolites is used in a mass-Aux-balance-based stoichiometric model for Bacillus licheniformis for serine alkaline protease (SAP) overproduction. The theoretical capacity analysis leading to optimized SAP overproduction was carried out by using a linear constrained optimization technique for several specific growth rates and the variation of the fluxes were calculated by fixing the sole carbon source citrates uptake rate at 10 mmol/gDW/h. The theoretical data-based capacity analysis was conducted by using the model in combination with the off-line extracellular analyses of the dry cell and the metabolites that were citrate, organic acids, amino acids, and SAP; and the variations in the intracellular fluxes were obtained for the three periods of the batch bioprocess. The flux distribution maps of the analyses showed that the tricarboxylic acid cycle was active and the cells utilized the gluconeogenesis pathway, the ...
https://open.metu.edu.tr/handle/11511/50603
Enhanced production of alkaline proteases by Bacillus sphaericus using fed-batch culture - openEnhanced production of alkaline proteases by Bacillus sphaericus using fed-batch culture - open
Bacillus sphaericus, an obligate alkalophile, overproduces extracellular alkaline proteases. Kinetics of growth and protease production by this organism were analyzed to identify parameters that control protease synthesis. Results showed protease production to be both growth and non-growth associated although a major portion of the enzyme was secreted in post exponential phases. The initial concentration of glucose and nitrogen sources significantly affected cell growth and enzyme secretion. Fed-batch cultures were performed to maximize protease activity in a bioreactor. By using suitable feeding strategies, the protease activity and its productivity in a fed-batch process was increased by 44% over that in batch process, primarily due to the longer maintenance of increased rates of growth and enzyme production by providing continuous and controlled supply of additional substrate and nutrients.. ...
http://crdd.osdd.net/open/958/
ABC3866 - Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein - Bacillus clausii (strain KSM-K16) - ABC3866 gene & proteinABC3866 - Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein - Bacillus clausii (strain KSM-K16) - ABC3866 gene & protein
p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class=publication>Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href=http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php>Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5WB63
Single Step Purification of Novel Thermostable and Chelator Resistant Amylase from Bacillus Licheniformis RM44 by Affinity...Single Step Purification of Novel Thermostable and Chelator Resistant Amylase from Bacillus Licheniformis RM44 by Affinity...
Bacillus licheniformis RM44 was isolated from hot spring near Karachi and screened forthe production of extracellular amylase Amy RM44. Amy RM44 was purified to homogeneityon a single step by affinity chromatography using insoluble corn starch. The molecular weightof Amy RM44 was estimated to be 66 kDa by SDS-PAGE and zymographic analysis. Nine foldpurification was achieved with the specific activity of 870 U/mg that provides the total yieldof the enzyme up to 31%. Studies on purified AmyRM44 characterization revealed that theoptimum temperature of enzyme was 100 ĀŗC. Amy RM44 was proved to be highly thermostableas it retained 50% activity after 2 h at 100 ĀŗC. Amy RM44 was stable over wide range of pHwith optimum activity at pH 5. Enzyme activity was not significantly inhibited by SDS andEDTA. Amy RM44 also exhibited its activity towards various carbohydrates such as dextrin,pullulan, Ī±-cyclodextrin, Ī²-cyclodextrin, and Ī³-cyclodextrin.
http://ijpr.sbmu.ac.ir/article_2101.html
Most recent papers with the keyword Mojavensis | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword Mojavensis | Read by QxMD
Biotechnologically produced 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) is a potential starting material for industrial bulk chemicals such as butadiene or methyl ethyl ketone which are currently produced from fossil feedstocks. So far, the highest 2,3-BDO concentrations have been obtained with risk group 2 microorganisms. In this study, three risk group 1 microorganisms are presented that are so far unknown for an efficient production of 2,3-BDO. The strains Bacillus atrophaeus NRS-213, Bacillus mojavensis B-14698, and Bacillus vallismortis B-14891 were evaluated regarding their ability to produce high 2,3-BDO concentrations with a broad range of different carbon sources ...
https://www.readbyqxmd.com/keyword/118309
Genomic and molecular characterization of a novel quorum sensing molecule in Bacillus licheniformis - Northumbria Research LinkGenomic and molecular characterization of a novel quorum sensing molecule in Bacillus licheniformis - Northumbria Research Link
Quorum sensing molecules (QSMs) are involved in the regulation of complicated processes helping bacterial populations respond to changes in their cell-density. Although the QS gene cluster (comQXPA) has been identified in the genome sequence of some bacilli, the QS system B. licheniformis has not been investigated in detail, and its QSM (ComX pheromone) has not been identified. Given the importance of this antagonistic bacterium as an industrial workhorse, this study was aimed to elucidate B. licheniformis NCIMB-8874 QS. The results obtained from bioinformatics studies on the whole genome sequence of this strain confirmed the presence of essential quorum sensing-related genes. Although polymorphism was verified in three proteins of this cluster, ComQ, precursor-ComX and ComP, the transcription factor ComA was confirmed as the most conserved protein. The cell-cell communication of B. licheniformis NCIMB-8874 was investigated through further elucidation of the ComX pheromone as 13-amino acid ...
http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/30525/
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis by preparations from Bacillus licheniformis: cross-linking of newly synthesized chains to preformed...Peptidoglycan biosynthesis by preparations from Bacillus licheniformis: cross-linking of newly synthesized chains to preformed...
A wall-plus-membrane preparation from a Bacillus licheniformis mutant incorporated radioactivity from a peptidoglycan precursor in which the free amino group of diaminopimelic acid was blocked by 14C-labelled acetyl group. This incorporation was penicillin-sensitive. The enzymically degraded product contained cross-linked dimers, showing that newly synthesized peptidoglycan chains had been cross-linked to the pre-existing cell wall.. ...
http://www.biochemj.org/content/139/3/781
Biocontrol traits of Bacillus licheniformis GL174 , a culturable endophyte of Vitis vinifera cv. Glera | BMC Microbiology |...Biocontrol traits of Bacillus licheniformis GL174 , a culturable endophyte of Vitis vinifera cv. Glera | BMC Microbiology |...
Bacillus licheniformis GL174 is a culturable endophytic strain isolated from Vitis vinifera cultivar Glera, the grapevine mainly cultivated for the Prosecco wine production. This strain was previously demonstrated to possess some specific plant growth promoting traits but its endophytic attitude and its role in biocontrol was only partially explored. In this study, the potential biocontrol action of the strain was investigated in vitro and in vivo and, by genome sequence analyses, putative functions involved in biocontrol and plant-bacteria interaction were assessed. Firstly, to confirm the endophytic behavior of the strain, its ability to colonize grapevine tissues was demonstrated and its biocontrol properties were analyzed. Antagonism test results showed that the strain could reduce and inhibit the mycelium growth of diverse plant pathogens in vitro and in vivo. The strain was demonstrated to produce different molecules of the lipopeptide class; moreover, its genome was sequenced, and analysis of the
https://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12866-018-1306-5
Recycling of Biomass Resulting from Fermentation Processes with Bacillus licheniformisRecycling of Biomass Resulting from Fermentation Processes with Bacillus licheniformis
J.M. Risse, K. Friehs, and E. Flaschel, Recycling of Biomass Resulting from Fermentation Processes with Bacillus licheniformis, Chem. Eng. Technol., vol. 24, 2001, pp. 141-145 ...
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/1880242
Branched chain amino acids maintain the molecular weight of poly(Ī³-glutami... - RWTH AACHEN UNIVERSITY Aachener...Branched chain amino acids maintain the molecular weight of poly(Ī³-glutami... - RWTH AACHEN UNIVERSITY Aachener...
You Are Here: Branched chain amino acids maintain the molecular weight of poly(Ī³-glutamic acid) of Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 9945 during the fermentation. ...
https://www.avt.rwth-aachen.de/go/id/iavo/lidx/1/file/667791
Large exopenicillinase, initial extracellular form detected in cultures of Bacillus licheniformis. - Semantic ScholarLarge exopenicillinase, initial extracellular form detected in cultures of Bacillus licheniformis. - Semantic Scholar
Semantic Scholar extracted view of Large exopenicillinase, initial extracellular form detected in cultures of Bacillus licheniformis. by K. Izui et al.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Large-exopenicillinase-initial-extracellular-form-Izui-Nielsen/8bb0df8505b516889ececb40927ee60434e4280a
RCSB PDB - 1JWQ: Structure of the catalytic domain of CwlV, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase from Bacillus...RCSB PDB - 1JWQ: Structure of the catalytic domain of CwlV, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase from Bacillus...
1JWQ: The Structure of the catalytic domain of N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase, a cell wall hydrolase from Bacillus polymyxa var.colistinus and its resemblance to the structure of carboxypeptidases
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/litView.do?structureId=1JWQ
Rawatan Holistik: Leaky Gut SyndromeRawatan Holistik: Leaky Gut Syndrome
It is a single-celled organism that is part of the plant kingdom.This yeast is unique because it can act both as a bacterium and a fungus. In a healthy intestine, it exist as single cell form, called a bud. When the intestinal environment changes, the buds transform themselves into a filiform shape that allows penetration of the intestinal wall, with resulting colonization over the entire body. It is therefore very IMPORTANT to keep the candida transformation and the candida growth controlled by the presence of important bacteria such as Bacillus laterosporus BOD and the Lactobacillus Acidophilus, two very important beneficial intestinal bacteria. What does candida use for food?. As food passes through the stomach into the intestine, carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars, which become the primary energy source for the body. The candida yeast robs the body of its primary energy source-sugar. candida also feeds on B vitamins to accelerate its growth. In this sense Candida actually be ...
http://rawatan-holistik.blogspot.com/2009/04/leaky-gut-syndrome.html
KEGG PATHWAY: Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis - Bacillus coagulans 2-6KEGG PATHWAY: Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis - Bacillus coagulans 2-6
Ubiquinone (UQ), also called coenzyme Q, and plastoquinone (PQ) are electron carriers in oxidative phosphorylation and photosynthesis, respectively. The quinoid nucleus of ubiquinone is derived from the shikimate pathway; 4-hydroxybenzoate is directly formed from chorismate in bacteria, while it can be formed from either chorismate or tyrosine in yeast. The following biosynthesis of terpenoid moiety involves reactions of prenylation, decarboxylation, and three hydroxylations alternating with three methylations. The order of these reactions are somewhat different between bacteria and yeast. Phylloquinone (vitamin K1), menaquinone (vitamin K2), and tocopherol (vitamin E) are fat-soluble vitamins. Phylloquinone is a compound present in all photosynthetic plants serving as a cofactor for photosystem I-mediated electron transport. Menaquinone is an obligatory component of the electron-transfer pathway in bacteria ...
http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?bck00130
Bacillus coagulansBacillus coagulans
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http://www.livelifetofull.com/bacillus-coagulans/
NutriBiome Bacillus Coagulans - The Herbs PlaceNutriBiome Bacillus Coagulans - The Herbs Place
By submitting this form, you are consenting to receive marketing emails from: Bens Herbs Place, 4028 Catamaran Dr, Yukon, OK, 73099, https://www.bensherbsplace.com. You can revoke your consent to receive emails at any time by using the SafeUnsubscribeĀ® link, found at the bottom of every email. Emails are serviced by Constant Contact ...
https://www.theherbsplace.com/product/nutribiome-bacillus-coagulans/
EFSA updates scientific advice on use of Bacillus species in feed | European Food Safety AuthorityEFSA updates scientific advice on use of Bacillus species in feed | European Food Safety Authority
EFSA provides applicants with guidance on how to conduct safety assessment of feed additives containing or produced from Bacillus species. Bacillus species are bacteria commonly used in feed as probiotics or as sources of other feed additives. Some strains produce toxins that can cause food-borne diseases in humans, producing symptoms such as diarrhoea, nausea, or vomiting.
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/press/news/140505-0
Recombinant Bacillus subtilis YOKI protein, His-tagged YOKI-3784B - Creative BioMartRecombinant Bacillus subtilis YOKI protein, His-tagged YOKI-3784B - Creative BioMart
Purified Recombinant Bacillus subtilis YOKI protein, His-tagged from Creative Biomart. Recombinant Bacillus subtilis YOKI protein, His-tagged can be used for research.
https://www.creativebiomart.net/recombinant-bacillus-subtilis-yoki-protein-his-tagged-500442.htm
The structure of the cyanide dihydratase from Bacillus pumilus. What does it tell us? | Faculty of ScienceThe structure of the cyanide dihydratase from Bacillus pumilus. What does it tell us? | Faculty of Science
Trevor Sewell from Structural Biology, at the IDM, UCT, will present the Department of Molecular & Cell Biology seminar with a talk entitled, The structure of the cyanide dihydratase from Bacillus pumilus. What does it tell us?.. ...
http://www.science.uct.ac.za/event/structure-cyanide-dihydratase-bacillus-pumilus-what-does-it-tell-us
Isolasi Bacillus spp. Penghasil A-Amilase Ekstraseluler Dan Penentuan Suhu Serta Ph Optimum PertumbuhanIsolasi Bacillus spp. Penghasil A-Amilase Ekstraseluler Dan Penentuan Suhu Serta Ph Optimum Pertumbuhan
Pennintaan terhadap a-amilase termostabil makin meningkat terutama WltUk industri tekstil. kertas maupWl pangan. Salah satu penghasil a-amilase tennostabil ialah bakteri tennofil yang dapat diisolasi dad sumber air panas maupWl kompos. Penelitian ioi bertujuan Wltuk mengisolasi bakteri termofil penghasil a-amilase ekstraseluler dan menentukan suhu maupun pH optimum pertumbuhan dari isolat yang terpilih. Sejumlah 20 isolat bakteri ditemukan dari kompos dan dna sumber air panas. Tiga isolat dengan aktivitas amilase tertinggi (Iebih dari 1 U/ml) yaitu Bacillus sp. CW-l, Bacillus sp. CW-3, dan Bacillus sp SW-2. Ketiga isolat ill ditumbuhkan pada media produksi yang mengandung ekstrak khamir 0.5 %, bacto peptOR 0.5 %, pati kentang I %, dan CaClz 0.1 % (khusus untuk Bacillus sp. SW-2). Suhu pertumbuhan optimum Bacillus sp. CW-l dan Bacillus sp. CW-3 45OC, dan Bacillus sp. SW-2 pada 6Oc. Sedangkan pH optimum pertumbuhan untuk ketiga isolat sarna, yaitu 7.5. Aktivitas a~amilase diuktrr dengan metode ...
http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/33755
Roberto KolterRoberto Kolter
Branda, SS; GonzƔlez-Pastor, JE; Ben-Yehuda, S; Losick, R; Kolter, R (2001). "Fruiting body formation by Bacillus subtilis". ... Shank, EA; Klepac-Ceraj, V; Collado-Torres, L; Powers, GE; Losick, R; Kolter (2011). "Bacillus subtilis forming biofilms are ... van Gestel, J; Vlamakis, H; Kolter; Collectives, Cell (2015). "Bacillus subtilis Uses Division of Labor to Migrate". PLOS Biol ... Lyons NA, Kolter R. Bacillus subtilis Protects Public Goods by Extending Kin Discrimination to Closely Related Species. mBio. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Kolter
AnthraxAnthrax
... releasing many more bacilli into the bloodstream to be transferred to the entire body. Once in the blood stream, these bacilli ... Bacillus spp. are quite large in size (3 to 4 Ī¼m long), they may grow in long chains, and they stain Gram-positive. To confirm ... Bacillus anthracis is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacterium about 1 by 9 Ī¼m in size. It was shown to ... Bacillus spp. usually grow within 24 hours of incubation at 35 Ā°C, in ambient air (room temperature) or in 5% CO2. If ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthrax
Polypeptide antibioticPolypeptide antibiotic
A common polypeptide antibiotic is bacitracin, derived from the bacteria; Bacillus subtilis. As a therapeutic drug, it has ... Bacitracin is a polypeptide antibiotic derived from a bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, and acts against bacteria through the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypeptide_antibiotic
RadioresistanceRadioresistance
Bacillus sp. producing unusually radiation (and peroxide) resistant spores, have been isolated from spacecraft assembly ... Link L, Sawyer J, Venkateswaran K, Nicholson W (February 2004). "Extreme spore UV resistance of Bacillus pumilus isolates ... September 2007). "Paradoxical DNA Repair and Peroxide Resistance Gene Conservation in Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032". PLOS ONE. 2 ( ... resistant spores of Bacillus pumilus from a spacecraft assembly facility". Astrobiology. 5 (3): 391-405. Bibcode:2005AsBio...5 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioresistance
Lipophilic bacteriaLipophilic bacteria
Many lipophilic bacteria are a good source of biosurfactants, hence are used commercially, e.g. Bacillus licheniformis. These ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipophilic_bacteria
Glycine riboswitchGlycine riboswitch
In Bacillus subtilis, this riboswitch is found upstream of the gcvT operon which controls glycine degradation. It is thought ... Babina AM, Lea NE, Meyer MM (October 2017). "Bacillus subtilis". mBio. 8 (5). doi:10.1128/mBio.01602-17. PMC 5666159. PMID ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycine_riboswitch
Cydalima perspectalisCydalima perspectalis
Insecticide, Bacillus and nematode treatments must be repeated three times at an interval of about ten days, because they ... Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki is a bacterium which produces an insect-specific endotoxin which perforates the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cydalima_perspectalis
ARC3 familyARC3 family
Bacillus ARC3 (ArsB; TC# 2.A.59.1.2) probably has a 10 TMS topology. ACR3 of S. cerevisiae is 404 amino acyl residues long and ... The Bacillus protein exports both arsenite and antimonite. The exact transport mechanism has not established. The generalized ... Sato, T.; Kobayashi, Y. (1998-04-01). "The ars operon in the skin element of Bacillus subtilis confers resistance to arsenate ... protein of Bacillus subtilis. While the nomenclature of the ARC3 ArsB protein overlaps with ArsB of E. coli (ArsB family), it ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARC3_family
Salibacterium qingdaonenseSalibacterium qingdaonense
Wang, QF; Li, W; Liu, YL; Cao, HH; Li, Z; Guo, GQ (May 2007). "Bacillus qingdaonensis sp. nov., a moderately haloalkaliphilic ... and Bacillus halochares as Salibacterium halochares comb. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary ... nov., a bacterium isolated from a salt pan, reclassification of Bacillus qingdaonensis as Salibacterium qingdaonense comb. nov ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salibacterium_qingdaonense
Fictibacillus solisalsiFictibacillus solisalsi
Bacillus barbaricus, Bacillus macauensis, Bacillus nanhaiensis, Bacillus rigui, Bacillus solisalsi and Bacillus gelatini in the ... Liu, H; Zhou, Y; Liu, R; Zhang, KY; Lai, R (June 2009). "Bacillus solisalsi sp. nov., a halotolerant, alkaliphilic bacterium ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictibacillus_solisalsi
Fictibacillus macauensisFictibacillus macauensis
Bacillus barbaricus, Bacillus macauensis, Bacillus nanhaiensis, Bacillus rigui, Bacillus solisalsi and Bacillus gelatini in the ... Zhang, T; Fan, X; Hanada, S; Kamagata, Y; Fang, HH (February 2006). "Bacillus macauensis sp. nov., a long-chain bacterium ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictibacillus_macauensis
Morganella morganiiMorganella morganii
named Morgan's bacillus, Bacillus morganii. In 1936, though, Rauss renamed B. morganii as Proteus morganii. Fulton, in 1943, ... Morganella morganii was first described by a British bacteriologist H. de R. Morgan in 1906 as Morgan's bacillus. Morgan ... Pulaski, E. J.; Deitz, G. W. (1940). "Morgan's bacillus septicemia". Journal of the American Medical Association. 115 (11): 922 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morganella_morganii
Brevibacillus borstelensisBrevibacillus borstelensis
nov., Bacillus formosus sp. nov., nom. rev., and Bacillus borstelensis sp. nov., nom. rev". International Journal of Systematic ... Shida, O.; Takagi, H.; Kadowaki, K.; Udaka, S.; Nakamura, L.; Komagata, K. (January 1995). "Proposal of Bacillus reuszeri sp. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brevibacillus_borstelensis
Indole testIndole test
Bacteria that test positive for cleaving indole from tryptophan include: Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas punctata, Bacillus ... most Bacillus sp., Bordetella sp., Enterobacter sp., most Haemophilus sp., most Klebsiella sp., Neisseria sp., Mannheimia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indole_test
Poly(ethylene succinate)Poly(ethylene succinate)
Thermophilic Bacillus sp. TT96 is found in soil and can degrade PES. Mesophilic PES degrading microorganisms were found in the ... Bacillus and Paenibacillus species; strain KT102; a relative of Bacillus pumilus was the most capable of degrading PES film. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poly(ethylene_succinate)
Aedes taeniorhynchusAedes taeniorhynchus
Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (HD-1) can produce a parasporal crystal in the form of a toxic inclusion body. Proteins ... Turell, M. J.; Knudson, G. B. (1987-08-01). "Mechanical transmission of Bacillus anthracis by stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans ... Yamamoto, Takashi; McLaughlin, Roy E. (1981-11-30). "Isolation of a protein from the parasporal crystal of Bacillus ... Experimental studies also established that the species is capable of mechanical transmission of Bacillus anthracis. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedes_taeniorhynchus
Alteribacillus iranensisAlteribacillus iranensis
nov., reassignment of Bacillus iranensis (Bagheri et al. 2012) as Alteribacillus iranensis comb. nov. and emended description ... Bagheri, M; Didari, M; Amoozegar, MA; Schumann, P; SƔnchez-Porro, C; Mehrshad, M; Ventosa, A (April 2012). "Bacillus iranensis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alteribacillus_iranensis
Population dynamicsPopulation dynamics
"Bacillus stearothermophilus NEUF2011". Microbe wiki. Chandler, M.; Bird, R.E.; Caro, L. (May 1975). "The replication time of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_dynamics
Atya KapleyAtya Kapley
and Bacillus sp. for kraft lignin decolorization from pulp paper mill waste". The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atya_Kapley
Bhargavaea beijingensisBhargavaea beijingensis
Qiu, F.; Zhang, X.; Liu, L.; Sun, L.; Schumann, P.; Song, W. (1 April 2009). "Bacillus beijingensis sp. nov. and Bacillus ... "Reclassification of Bacillus beijingensis Qiu et al. 2009 and Bacillus ginsengi Qiu et al. 2009 as Bhargavaea beijingensis comb ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhargavaea_beijingensis
Salibacterium halocharesSalibacterium halochares
and Bacillus halochares as Salibacterium halochares comb. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary ... nov., a bacterium isolated from a salt pan, reclassification of Bacillus qingdaonensis as Salibacterium qingdaonense comb. nov ... "Bacillus halochares sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a solar saltern". International Journal of Systematic and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salibacterium_halochares
Virgibacillus marismortuiVirgibacillus marismortui
Arahal, DR; MƔrquez, MC; Volcani, BE; Schleifer, KH; Ventosa, A (April 1999). "Bacillus marismortui sp. nov., a new moderately ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgibacillus_marismortui
Solibacillus isronensisSolibacillus isronensis
nov., Bacillus isronensis sp. nov. and Bacillus aryabhattai sp. nov., isolated from cryotubes used for collecting air from the ... "Re-classification of Bacillus isronensis Shivaji et al., 2009 as a member of the genus Solibacillus as Solibacillus isronensis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solibacillus_isronensis
Fictibacillus nanhaiensisFictibacillus nanhaiensis
Bacillus barbaricus, Bacillus macauensis, Bacillus nanhaiensis, Bacillus rigui, Bacillus solisalsi and Bacillus gelatini in the ... Chen, YG; Zhang, L; Zhang, YQ; He, JW; Klenk, HP; Tang, SK; Zhang, YX; Li, WJ (April 2011). "Bacillus nanhaiensis sp. nov., ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictibacillus_nanhaiensis
Pest controlPest control
"Bacillus thuringienis Factsheet". Colorado State University. Retrieved 2 June 2010. "Agriotes sputator L. - Common Click Beetle ... For example: mosquitoes are often controlled by putting Bt Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis, a bacterium that infects ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest_control
Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestrisAlicyclobacillus acidoterrestris
... of Bacillus acidocaldarius, Bacillus acidoterrestris, and Bacillus cycloheptanicus and Proposal for Creation of a New Genus, ... The species was originally classified as Bacillus acidoterrestris in 1987, but further 16S rRNA studies found that the species ... A. acidoterrestris was among the first three species reclassified from the genus Bacillus to the newly created Alicyclobacillus ... Deinhard, G; Blanz, P; Poralla, K; Altan, E (1987). "Bacillus acidoterrestris sp. nov., a New Thermotolerant Acidophile ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alicyclobacillus_acidoterrestris
Fictibacillus arsenicusFictibacillus arsenicus
and proposal to reclassify Bacillus arsenicus, Bacillus barbaricus, Bacillus macauensis, Bacillus nanhaiensis, Bacillus rigui, ... Shivaji, S. (2005). "Bacillus arsenicus sp. nov., an arsenic-resistant bacterium isolated from a siderite concretion in West ... Fictibacillus arsenicus, also known as Bacillus arsenicus, is a bacterium. It is Gram-positive, motile, endospore-forming, rod- ... Applications and systematics of bacillus and relatives. Wiley. com, 2008. Type strain of Fictibacillus arsenicus at BacDive - ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictibacillus_arsenicus
BioindicatorBioindicator
Bacillus or Geobacillus). Biological indicators can be described as the introduction of a highly resistant microorganisms to a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicator
John Howard MuellerJohn Howard Mueller
The Diphtheria Bacillus". Journal of Bacteriology. 25 (5): 509-519. doi:10.1128/JB.25.5.509-519.1933. PMC 533524. PMID 16559631 ... In 1930 Mueller began his studies on the nutritional requirements of the diphtheria bacillus. Within a few years the Mueller ... Mueller, J. H. (1937). "Nicotinic Acid as a Growth Accessory Substance for the Diphtheria Bacillus". Journal of Bacteriology. ... for growth of the diphtheria bacillus and had macle the important observation that different strains of the same bacillus ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howard_Mueller
Alicyclobacillus cycloheptanicusAlicyclobacillus cycloheptanicus
... of Bacillus acidocaldarius, Bacillus acidoterrestris, and Bacillus cycloheptanicus and Proposal for Creation of a New Genus, ... The species was originally classified as Bacillus cycloheptanicus in 1987, but further 16S rRNA studies found that the species ... A. cycloheptanicus was among the first three species reclassified from the genus Bacillus to the newly created Alicyclobacillus ... Deinhard, G; Saar, J; Krischke, W; Poralla, K (1987). "Bacillus cycloheptanicus sp. nov., a New Thermoacidophile Containing Ļ‰- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alicyclobacillus_cycloheptanicus
Internet Scientific PublicationsInternet Scientific Publications
Bacillus subtilis.. The reason for this is not clear because the raw juice is thought to be more concentrated than the other ... Bacillus subtilis. was not inhibited at all. The hot water extracts of onions did not inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi. ... Bacillus subtilis. but inhibited Salmonella typhi. at 0.8gml-1 while the cold-water extract of ginger inhibited both ... Bacillus cereus,. which mainly causes diarrhoea and nausea. It has been shown to reduce the stickiness of blood platelets, ...
http://ispub.com/IJTM/3/2/11056
Bacillus - WikipediaBacillus - Wikipedia
Bacillus is a genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria and a member of the phylum Firmicutes. Bacillus species can be ... Many Bacillus species are able to secrete large quantities of enzymes. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is the source of a natural ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bacillus.. *Bacillus genomes and related information at PATRIC, a Bioinformatics ... The genus Bacillus was named in 1835 by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, to contain rod-shaped (bacillus) bacteria. He had seven ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_fragilis
Bacillus - WikipediaBacillus - Wikipedia
... formed by Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus pseudomycoides, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Bacillus ... Cultured Bacillus species test positive for the enzyme catalase if oxygen has been used or is present. Bacillus can reduce ... The genus Bacillus was named in 1835 by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, to contain rod-shaped (bacillus) bacteria. He had seven ... Many Bacillus species are able to secrete large quantities of enzymes. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is the source of a natural ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus
Bacillus anthracis | CDCBacillus anthracis | CDC
Bacillus pseudofirmus - WikipediaBacillus pseudofirmus - Wikipedia
... a bacterial consortium of a strain of Bacillus pseudofirmus with Bacillus agaradhaerens that can biodegrade LDPE plastic. ... Bacillus pseudofirmus is a facultative anaerobe bacterium. It is a gram positive, alkaliphilic and alkalitolerant, aerobic ... Organisms breaking down plastic Nielsen, P.; Fritze, D.; Priest, F. G. (1995). "Phenetic diversity of alkaliphilic Bacillus ... UniProt entry Type strain of Bacillus pseudofirmus at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase v t e. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_pseudofirmus
bacillus - Wiktionarybacillus - Wiktionary
bacillus (plural bacilli) *Any of various rod-shaped, spore-forming aerobic bacteria in the genus Bacillus, some of which cause ... bacillus in Gaffiot, FƩlix (1934) Dictionnaire IllustrƩ Latin-FranƧais. , Hachette. *bacillus in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 ... 1895, H. G. Wells, The Stolen Bacillus This again, said the Bacteriologist, slipping a glass slide under the microscope, is ... Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=bacillus&oldid=49991930" ...
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bacillus
Bacillus phage phi29 - WikipediaBacillus phage phi29 - Wikipedia
Bacillus phage phi29 (Ī¦29 phage) belongs to a family of related Bacteriophages which includes, in addition to Ī¦29, phages PZA, ... "Assembly of Bacillus subtilis Phage Phi29. 1. Mutants in the Cistrons Coding for the Structural Proteins". European Journal of ... are the smallest Bacillus phages isolated to date and are among the smallest known dsDNA phages.[3] ... Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bacillus_phage_phi29&oldid=841433724" ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_phage_phi29
Bacillus Coagulans: MedlinePlus SupplementsBacillus Coagulans: MedlinePlus Supplements
Bacillus coagulans is used by some people as a type of good bacteria, similar to probiotics. It may be beneficial for ... When taken by mouth: Bacillus coagulans is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken by mouth. Research shows that Bacillus coagulans in doses ... Bacillus coagulans might increase the activity of the immune system. Taking Bacillus coagulans along with medications that ... B. Coagulans, Bacillus Bacteria, Bacillus Probiotics, BactĆ©ries Bacilles, BactĆ©ries Ć  Gram Positif SporogĆØnes, BactĆ©rie Gram ...
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/1185.html
Essential Bacillus subtilis genes | PNASEssential Bacillus subtilis genes | PNAS
Bacilli and close relatives denote Bacillus species and other low-G+C Gram-positive bacteria, but not clostridia, mycoplasma, ... Essential Bacillus subtilis genes. K. Kobayashi, S. D. Ehrlich, A. Albertini, G. Amati, K. K. Andersen, M. Arnaud, K. Asai, S. ... Essential Bacillus subtilis genes. K. Kobayashi, S. D. Ehrlich, A. Albertini, G. Amati, K. K. Andersen, M. Arnaud, K. Asai, S. ... 2002) in Bacillus subtilis and Its Closest Relatives: From Genes to Cells, eds Sonenshein A L, Hoch J A, Losick R(Am. Soc. ...
http://www.pnas.org/content/100/8/4678
Bacillus anthracis | bacterium | Britannica.comBacillus anthracis | bacterium | Britannica.com
In bacillus. ā€¦incidentally. A notable exception is B. anthracis, which causes anthrax in humans and domestic animals. B. ... true of the anthrax bacterium, Bacillus anthracis. Although usually present in abundance in factories in which rawhides and ... animals and humans caused by Bacillus anthracis, a bacterium that under certain conditions forms highly resistant spores ... polysaccharides), although the capsule of Bacillus anthracis is made of polyglutamic acid. Most capsules are hydrophilic (" ...
https://www.britannica.com/science/Bacillus-anthracis
Bacillus fusiformis | bacterium | Britannica.comBacillus fusiformis | bacterium | Britannica.com
... caused by the symbiotic microorganisms Bacillus fusiformis and Borrelia vincentii. The chief symptoms are painful, swollen, ... Other articles where Bacillus fusiformis is discussed: Vincent gingivitis: ā€¦ ... caused by the symbiotic microorganisms Bacillus fusiformis and Borrelia vincentii. The chief symptoms are painful, swollen, ...
https://www.britannica.com/science/Bacillus-fusiformis
Bacillus subtilis - Latest research and news | NatureBacillus subtilis - Latest research and news | Nature
Bacillus subtilis. Definition. Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped, flagellated Gram-positive soil bacterium used as a model for ...
http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacillus-subtilis?error=cookies_not_supported&code=e6f34c0e-f47d-4741-9e88-df92a3b2e270
Cry1Ib, partial [Bacillus thuringiensis] - Protein - NCBICry1Ib, partial [Bacillus thuringiensis] - Protein - NCBI
Cry1Ib, partial [Bacillus thuringiensis] Cry1Ib, partial [Bacillus thuringiensis]. gi,399163616,gb,AFP33255.1, ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/399163616
cry protein [Bacillus thuringiensis] - Protein - NCBIcry protein [Bacillus thuringiensis] - Protein - NCBI
cry protein [Bacillus thuringiensis] cry protein [Bacillus thuringiensis]. gi,506485019,gb,AGM16382.1, ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/AGM16382
Bacillus | Define Bacillus at Dictionary.comBacillus | Define Bacillus at Dictionary.com
... any rod-shaped or cylindrical bacterium of the genus Bacillus, comprising spore-producing bacteria. See more. ... Word Origin and History for bacillus Expand. n. 1877, medical Latin, from Late Latin bacillus "wand," literally "little staff ... usually gram-positive aerobic bacteria of the genus Bacillus that often occur in chains and include Bacillus anthracis, the ... bacillus baĀ·cilĀ·lus (bə-sÄ­ləs). n. pl. baĀ·cilĀ·li (-sÄ­lÄ«) ...
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/bacillus
How to Grow Bacillus Subtilis | eHowHow to Grow Bacillus Subtilis | eHow
Bacillus subtilis is a naturally occurring bacteria. It is found on fruit trees and vegetable plants as well as on wild berry ... Bacillus subtilis when properly cultivated can save garden plants from destruction by disease. ... Bacillus subtilis when properly cultivated can save garden plants from destruction by disease. Bacillus subtilis is a naturally ... Bacillus subtilis is not harmful to most animals and is not a known carcinogen to humans. Caution should be used, however, as ...
https://www.ehow.com/how_8577998_grow-bacillus-subtilis.html
Bacillus mojavensisBacillus mojavensis
Bacilli. ā€ŗ Bacillales. ā€ŗ Bacillaceae. ā€ŗ Bacillus. ā€ŗ Bacillus subtilis group. ā€ŗ Bacillus mojavensis subgroup. Strains i. ā€ŗ s87- ... Bacillus mojavensis Roberts et al. 1994 emend. Wang et al. 2007. ā€ŗ CIP 104095. ā€ŗ DSM 9205. ā€ŗ IFO 15718. More Ā» ā€ŗ JCM 12230. ā€ŗ ...
http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/72360
Bacillus subtilis tagged stories - MIT Technology ReviewBacillus subtilis tagged stories - MIT Technology Review
The mission of MIT Technology Review is to bring about better-informed and more conscious decisions about technology through authoritative, influential, and trustworthy journalism.
https://www.technologyreview.com/g/bacillus-subtilis/
Fruiting body formation by Bacillus subtilis | PNASFruiting body formation by Bacillus subtilis | PNAS
Fruiting body formation by Bacillus subtilis. Steven S. Branda, JosĆ© Eduardo GonzĆ”lez-Pastor, Sigal Ben-Yehuda, Richard Losick ... Fruiting body formation by Bacillus subtilis. Steven S. Branda, JosĆ© Eduardo GonzĆ”lez-Pastor, Sigal Ben-Yehuda, Richard Losick ... Bacillus Genetic Stock Center;. EPS,. exopolysaccharide;. X-Gal,. 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl Ī²-d-galactopyranoside. ... Fruiting body formation by Bacillus subtilis. Steven S. Branda, JosĆ© Eduardo GonzĆ”lez-Pastor, Sigal Ben-Yehuda, Richard Losick ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/98/20/11621?ijkey=0291c107e352dade10ef5eb5cabcf49af6e02b8b&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
bacillus subtilis Archives - Universe Todaybacillus subtilis Archives - Universe Today
... and studied spores of Bacillus subtilis 168 and Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032. B. pumilus spores were found in an air lock between ... Images of Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032 spores (seen in an electron micrograph) on aluminum before and after being exposed to space ... "Survival of Bacillus pumilus Spores for a Prolonged Period of Time in Real Space Conditions." ...
https://www.universetoday.com/tag/bacillus-subtilis/
Bacillus sp. ru9509.4Bacillus sp. ru9509.4
Your basket is currently empty. i ,p>When browsing through different UniProt proteins, you can use the basket to save them, so that you can back to find or analyse them later.,p>,a href=/help/basket target=_top>More...,/a>,/p> ...
https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/1761768
BACILLUS COAGULANS: MONOGRAPHBACILLUS COAGULANS: MONOGRAPH
... http://www.chiro.org/nutrition/ABSTRACTS/Bacillus_coagulans_Monograph.shtml ... Bacillus coagulans is a gram-positive, spore-forming, microaerophilic, lactic-acid producing bacillus. It was originally ... Bacillus coagulans: Monograph This section is compiled by Frank M. Painter, D.C.. Send all comments or additions to: [email protected] ... Antifungal activity of Bacillus coagulans against Fusarium sp. Acta Microbiol Pol 2002;51:275-283 *. Kim YM, et al. Studies on ...
https://chiro.org/nutrition/ABSTRACTS/Bacillus_coagulans_Monograph.shtml
Bacillus anthracis - WikipƩdiaBacillus anthracis - WikipƩdia
Commons ponĆŗka multimediĆ”lne sĆŗbory na tĆ©mu Bacillus anthracis. Zdroj[upraviÅ„ , upraviÅ„ kĆ³d]. *Tento člĆ”nok je čiastočnĆ½ alebo ... Je to jedinĆ½ obligĆ”tny patogĆ©n v rode Bacillus.[1] B. anthracis je grampozitĆ­vna nepohyblivĆ” baktĆ©ria, formujĆŗca endospĆ³ry, v ... Bacillus anthracis.. Journal of clinical pathology, March 2003, s. 182-7. DOI: 10.1136/jcp.56.3.182. PMID 12610093. ... Bacillus anthracis je baktĆ©ria spĆ“sobujĆŗca slezinovĆŗ sneÅ„ (antrax), bežnĆ© infekčnĆ© ochorenie dobytka prenosnĆ© aj na človeka. ...
https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_anthracis
About: Bacillus sphaericusAbout: Bacillus sphaericus
Bacillus sphaericus is an obligate aerobe bacterium used as a larvicide for mosquito control of the Anopheles and Culex genera ... Bacillus sphaericus is an obligate aerobe bacterium used as a larvicide for mosquito control of the Anopheles and Culex genera ... Bacillus sphaericus is an obligate aerobe bacterium used as a larvicide for mosquito control of the Anopheles and Culex genera ... Bacillus sphaericus is a gram positive bacterium, with rod shaped cells that form chains. (en) ...
http://dbpedia.org/page/Bacillus_sphaericus
Bacillus thuringiensis - VikipediBacillus thuringiensis - Vikipedi
Bacillus thuringiensis Taxonomy (NIH). *Bacillus thuringiensis genomes and related information at PATRIC, a Bioinformatics ... Bacillus thuringiensis General Fact Sheet (National Pesticide Information Center). *Bacillus thuringiensis Technical Fact Sheet ... Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genellikle biyolojik pestisit olarak kullanılan, Gram-pozitif, toprakta yaşayan bir bakteridir.[1] ... De Maagd, R; Bravo, A; Crickmore, N (2001). "How Bacillus thuringiensis has evolved specific toxins to colonize the insect ...
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_thuringiensis
About: Bacillus selenitireducensAbout: Bacillus selenitireducens
Bacillus selenitireducens is a bacterium first isolated from Mono Lake, California. It is notable for respiring oxyanions of ... Bacillus selenitireducens is a bacterium first isolated from Mono Lake, California. It is notable for respiring oxyanions of ... Bacillus selenitireducens is a bacterium first isolated from Mono Lake, California. It is notable for respiring oxyanions of ... About: Bacillus selenitireducens An Entity of Type : species, from Named Graph : http://dbpedia.org, within Data Space : ...
http://dbpedia.org/page/Bacillus_selenitireducens
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Vaccine: MedlinePlus Drug InformationBacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Vaccine: MedlinePlus Drug Information
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Vaccine: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus ... Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Vaccine. pronounced as (ba sil us kal met gay rayn) ...
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682809.html
GƤrtners bacillus | Define GƤrtners bacillus at Dictionary.comGƤrtner's bacillus | Define GƤrtner's bacillus at Dictionary.com
GƤrtners bacillus definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Look it ...
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/gartner-s-bacillus
Koch-Weeks bacillus definition | Drugs.comKoch-Weeks bacillus definition | Drugs.com
Definition of Koch-Weeks bacillus. Provided by Stedmans medical dictionary and Drugs.com. Includes medical terms and ...
https://www.drugs.com/dict/koch-weeks-bacillus.html
SubtilisBacteriaSpeciesGenusBacillaceaeCoagulansFirmicutesStrainsCohnStrainMegateriumOrganismGenesCalmette-GuerinAnthrax bacillusProteinAmyloliquefaciensBacterialBacterium that causesHttpsPumilusSphaericusGram positiveSoilGenomeProteinsCharacterizationCereus groupAnthracis sporesAudible BacillusCellular and Molecular BiologyYersiniaAgent of anthraxInsectSpore germinationToxinSubspSearchFoodborne outbreaksDiversitySurvivalEnzymesGerminationAgar plateSpoilage
Subtilis66
  • The antimicrobial properties of various extracts of Allium cepa (onions) and Zingiber officinale (ginger) against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Bacillus subtilis that are common cause of gastrointestinal tract infections were investigated using the cup-plate diffusion method. (ispub.com)
  • However, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi were more sensitive to the extract of onion bulbs compared to Bacillus subtilis which was predominantly resistant. (ispub.com)
  • Colonies of the model species Bacillus subtilis on an agar plate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacillus subtilis is one of the best understood prokaryotes, in terms of molecular and cellular biology. (wikipedia.org)
  • Assembly of Bacillus subtilis Phage Phi29. (wikipedia.org)
  • To estimate the minimal gene set required to sustain bacterial life in nutritious conditions, we carried out a systematic inactivation of Bacillus subtilis genes. (pnas.org)
  • To obtain an independent and possibly more reliable estimate of a minimal protein-encoding gene set for bacteria, we systematically inactivated Bacillus subtilis genes. (pnas.org)
  • B. subtilis was chosen because it is one of the best studied bacteria ( 7 ) and is a model for low-G+C Gram-positive bacteria, which include both deadly pathogens, such as Bacillus anthracis , and bacteria widely used in food and industry, such as lactococci and bacilli. (pnas.org)
  • Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped, flagellated Gram-positive soil bacterium used as a model for endospore formation and differentiation. (nature.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis when properly cultivated can save garden plants from destruction by disease. (ehow.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis is a naturally occurring bacteria. (ehow.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis is not harmful to most animals and is not a known carcinogen to humans. (ehow.com)
  • Dip a cotton swab into the Bacillus subtilis starter or sample. (ehow.com)
  • Spread the Bacillus subtilis sample on the cotton swab across the prepared Petri dish. (ehow.com)
  • Allow the Bacillus subtilis to grow for approximately four days undisturbed. (ehow.com)
  • Spore formation by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis has long been studied as a model for cellular differentiation, but predominantly as a single cell. (pnas.org)
  • One of the best-studied pathways of microbial development is the process of endospore formation by the Gram-positive soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis . (pnas.org)
  • The experiment was called PROTECT (an acronym of Resistance of spacecraft isolates to outer space for planetary protection purposes) and studied spores of Bacillus subtilis 168 and Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032. (universetoday.com)
  • Here, we explore the existence and impact of self-sensing in the Bacillus subtilis ComQXP and Rap-Phr quorum-sensing systems. (nature.com)
  • Pottathil, M. & Lazazzera, B. A. The extracellular Phr peptide-Rap phosphatase signaling circuit of Bacillus subtilis . (nature.com)
  • Grossman, A. D. Genetic networks controlling the initiation of sporulation and the development of genetic competence in Bacillus subtilis . (nature.com)
  • Comella, N. & Grossman, A. D. Conservation of genes and processes controlled by the quorum response in bacteria: characterization of genes controlled by the quorum-sensing transcription factor ComA in Bacillus subtilis . (nature.com)
  • Fitness trade-offs in competence differentiation of Bacillus subtilis . (nature.com)
  • Johnsen, P. J., Dubnau, D. & Levin, B. R. Episodic selection and the maintenance of competence and natural transformation in Bacillus subtilis . (nature.com)
  • Bacon, S. K., Palmer, T. M. & Grossman, A. D. Characterization of comQ and comX , two genes required for production of ComX Pheromone in Bacillus subtilis . (nature.com)
  • Piazza, F., Tortosa, P. & Dubnau, D. Mutational analysis and membrane topology of ComP, a quorum-sensing histidine kinase of Bacillus subtilis controlling competence development. (nature.com)
  • Private link between signal and response in Bacillus subtilis quorum sensing. (nature.com)
  • Here we provide a detailed review of what is currently known about biofilm formation by the motile bacterium Bacillus subtilis . (springer.com)
  • Branda SS, Chu F, Kearns DB, Losick R, Kolter R (2006) A major protein component of the Bacillus subtilis biofilm matrix. (springer.com)
  • Fritze D, Pukall R. Reclassification of bioindicator strains Bacillus subtilis DSM 675 and Bacillus subtilis DSM 2277 as Bacillus atrophaeus. (atcc.org)
  • Bacteria Identificacion E2 Bacillus brevis B14 Bacillus megaterium B1 Bacillus licheniformis B2 Bacillus subtilis B4 Bacillus cereus BR Bacillus megaterium Figura 12. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • To identify critical residues involved in the NIR function, we performed biochemical and structural characterization of Bacillus subtilis AP endonuclease ExoA and compared its crystal structure with the structures of other AP endonucleases: Escherichia coli exonuclease III (Xth), human APE1, and archaeal Mth212. (rcsb.org)
  • Research on Bacillus subtilis has been at the forefront of bacterial molecular biology and cytology, and the organism is a model for differentiation, gene/protein regulation, and cell cycle events in bacteria. (bionity.com)
  • Bagyan I and Setlow P (2002) Localization of the cortex lytic enzyme CwlJ in spores of Bacillus subtilis. (els.net)
  • 2012) Analysis of the effects of a gerP mutation on the germination of spores of Bacillus subtilis. (els.net)
  • The additive contains viable spores of two strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and a single strain of Bacillus subtilis and is intended to be used with pigs for fattening and minor porcine species at a minimum inclusion level of 1.5 Ɨ 10 8 colony forming units (CFU)/kg complete feedingstuffs. (europa.eu)
  • Detergent granules containing enzymes produced by Bacillus subtilis . (kenyon.edu)
  • The sequence for the genome of Bacillus subtilis was completed in 1997 and was the first published sequence for a single-living bacterium. (kenyon.edu)
  • Bacillus subtilis has a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium shown to synthesize antifungal peptides. (kenyon.edu)
  • Bacillus subtilis in the spore-formation phase. (kenyon.edu)
  • Still others, namely Bacillus subtilis , inhabit the rhizosphere, which is the interface between plant roots and the surrounding soil. (kenyon.edu)
  • It has recently been shown that Bacillus subtilis engages in cannibalism. (kenyon.edu)
  • We used M-CGH to examine the genome diversity of 17 strains belonging to the nonpathogenic species Bacillus subtilis . (asm.org)
  • Here we analyzed the genome structure and diversity of Bacillus subtilis , a nonpathogenic, spore-forming bacterium commonly found in soil. (asm.org)
  • We also examined two B. subtilis strains that are thought to be closely related to the sequenced strain Bsu168 (BS5 and the "wild" Marburg strain NCIB3610), as well as the type strain of Bacillus vallismortis (DV1-F-3), the closest known relative of B. subtilis ( 28 ). (asm.org)
  • The process of sporulation in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis proceeds through a well-defined series of morphological stages that involve the conversion of a growing cell into a two-cell-chamber sporangium within which a spore is produced. (nih.gov)
  • A hand-picked, annotated list of Web resources about Bacillus subtilis . (citizendium.org)
  • SO2: At concentrations similar to those found in wine (150 ppm, pH 3.0-6.5), bisulfite has not been found to be mutagenic to Bacillus subtilis (Khoudokormoff, 1978). (ucdavis.edu)
  • Bacillus subtilis Ć© un dos procariotas mellor coƱecidos en canto Ć” sĆŗa bioloxĆ­a molecular e celular. (wikipedia.org)
  • As investigaciĆ³ns con Bacillus subtilis estiveron en primeiro plano no estudo da bioloxĆ­a molecular bacteriana, e o organismo Ćŗsase como modelo para estudar a regulaciĆ³n de xenes e proteĆ­nas, e o ciclo celular das bacterias. (wikipedia.org)
  • B. subtilis foi a primeira bacteria na que se identificou o papel dun citoesqueleto baseado en proteĆ­nas similares Ć” actina na determinaciĆ³n da forma da cĆ©lula e se estudou a sĆ­ntese do peptidoglicano que forma a parede, na cal se descubriu o conxunto completo de encimas que interveƱen na mesma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacillus subtilis as an important host has been widely used in synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, and production of industrial enzymes. (springer.com)
  • Anagnostopoulos C, Spizizen J (1961) Requirements for transformation in Bacillus subtilis . (springer.com)
  • Atalla A, Schumann W (2003) The pst operon of Bacillus subtilis is specifically induced by alkali stress. (springer.com)
  • Fukuyama Y, Kiriyama Y, Kodama M, Iwaki H, Hosozawa S, Aki S, Matsui K (2001) DBTBS: a database of Bacillus subtilis promoters and transcription factors. (springer.com)
  • Geissendorfer M, Hillen W (1990) Regulated expression of heterologous genes in Bacillus subtilis using the Tn10 encoded tet regulatory elements. (springer.com)
  • Guan C, Cui W, Cheng J, Zhou L, Liu Z, Zhou Z (2016) Development of an efficient autoinducible expression system by promoter engineering in Bacillus subtilis . (springer.com)
  • Isolation of the Bacillus subtilis antimicrobial peptide subtilos. (ingentaconnect.com)
  • An unknown bacterial species cultured from the Yogu Farmā„¢ probiotic dairy beverage was identified through 16S ribosomal RNA analysis as B. amyloliquefaciens , a phylogenetically close relative of Bacillus subtilis . (ingentaconnect.com)
  • Kinetics of p-Aminoazobenzene Degradation by Bacillus subtilis Un. (ingentaconnect.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis is an organism capable of degrading an azo dye, such as p -aminoazobenzene (pAAB), under both aerobic and anoxic conditions. (ingentaconnect.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis , obarvane po Gramu. (wikipedia.org)
  • The first two aims ofthis proposal focus on how the model gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis regulates two functionallyredundant cell wall hydrolases and how it coordinates their activities with cell wall synthesis and envelopeexpansion. (usda.gov)
  • Supplements containing Lesaffre Human Care's Bacillus subtilis CU1 probiotic strain may reduce the frequency of upper respiratory infections in the elderly, says a new study. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
  • Levels of secretory IgA (sIgA) were also significantly increased following 10 days of Bacillus subtilis CU1 consumption at a dose of two billion spores per day. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis ā€‹ CU1 is a spore forming bacteria positioned for support immune health, particularly in people with weakened natural defenses like the elderly. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
Bacteria31
  • Bacillus (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum Firmicutes, with 266 named species. (wikipedia.org)
  • and the plural Bacilli is the name of the class of bacteria to which this genus belongs. (wikipedia.org)
  • The genus Bacillus was named in 1835 by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, to contain rod-shaped (bacillus) bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacillus was later amended by Ferdinand Cohn to further describe them as spore-forming, Gram-positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • For rod-shaped bacteria in general, see Bacillus (shape) . (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacillus is a genus of gram-positive , rod-shaped bacteria and a member of the phylum Firmicutes . (wikipedia.org)
  • Any of various rod - shaped , spore - forming aerobic bacteria in the genus Bacillus , some of which cause disease . (wiktionary.org)
  • Bacillus coagulans is a type of bacteria. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Unlike lactic acid bacteria such as lactobacillus or bifidobacteria, Bacillus coagulans forms spores. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Spores are an important factor in telling Bacillus coagulans apart from other lactic acid bacteria. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Early research shows that taking a combination probiotic containing Bacillus coagulans and other bacteria three times daily, along with the drug norfloxacin, does not decrease a person's risk of developing SBP. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Ltd.) containing Bacillus coagulans and fructo-oligosaccharides daily for 15 days of every month for 6 months might modestly decrease stomach pain and gas in people with potentially harmful bacteria in the intestine. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Anthrax, or bacillus anthracis, is spore-forming bacteria found in soil that most commonly affects cattle. (dictionary.com)
  • 1877, medical Latin, from Late Latin bacillus "wand," literally "little staff," diminutive of baculum "a stick," from PIE root *bak- "staff," also source of Greek bakterion (see bacteria ). (dictionary.com)
  • Any of various rod-shaped, usually gram-positive aerobic bacteria of the genus Bacillus that often occur in chains and include Bacillus anthracis , the causative agent of anthrax. (dictionary.com)
  • Koch, R. (1876) "Untersuchungen Ć¼ber Bakterien: V. Die Ƅtiologie der Milzbrand-Krankheit, begrĆ¼ndet auf die Entwicklungsgeschichte des Bacillus anthracis " (Investigations into bacteria: V. The etiology of anthrax, based on the ontogenesis of Bacillus anthracis ), Cohns Beitrage zur Biologie der Pflanzen , vol. 2, no. 2, pages 277-310 . (wikipedia.org)
  • Although Bacillus , capitalized and italicized, specifically refers to the genus, the word 'bacillus' may also be used to describe any rod-shaped bacterium, and in this sense, bacilli are found in many different taxonomic groups of bacteria. (bionity.com)
  • Likewise, Bacilli refers to the particular class Bacillus belongs to, while bacilli are any rod-shaped bacteria. (bionity.com)
  • Bacillus coagulans is a type of bacteria with supposed probiotic properties, i.e., it is a microorganism that could have health benefits due to similarities to good bacteria naturally found in the body. (wisegeek.com)
  • As a spore forming bacteria, Bacillus coagulans is able to withstand extreme conditions. (wisegeek.com)
  • Some bacteria presumed to be of the genus Bacillus . (kenyon.edu)
  • Bacilli are an extremely diverse group of bacteria that include both the causative agent of anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) as well as several species that synthesize important antibiotics. (kenyon.edu)
  • An easier way is for the bacteria to produce antibiotics that destroy neighboring bacilli, so that their contents may be digested allowing for the survival of a few of the bacteria. (kenyon.edu)
  • A parede celular de Bacillus Ć© unha estrutura protectora que rodea a membrana plasmĆ”tica da cĆ©lula, que lle dĆ” Ć” bacteria unha tinguidura grampositiva . (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacillus thuringiensis is a gram positive bacteria that during sporulation synthesizes large quantities of a protein that kills insects when ingested (Hofte and Whiteley, 1989). (freepatentsonline.com)
  • Bacillus thuringiensis is a soil bacterium, like many of its kin in the the Firmicutes , a group of largely Gram-positive bacteria. (scientificamerican.com)
  • A bacillus (plural bacilli) is a rod-shaped cylindrical bacteria . (wikipedia.org)
  • [1] Bacilli are found in many different taxonomic groups of bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the name Bacillus is capitalized and italicized , it refers to a specific genus of bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacillus thuringiensis Ć© unha especie bacteriana grampositiva , que vive no solo, usada comunmente como pesticida biolĆ³xico (como bacteria completa ou sĆ³ a toxina Cry extraĆ­da dela). (wikipedia.org)
  • 18. A harmful bacterium-controlling method, comprising administrating the Bacillus thuringiensis to an animal requiring the control of harmful bacteria. (freepatentsonline.com)
Species23
  • Cultured Bacillus species test positive for the enzyme catalase if oxygen has been used or is present. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because the spores of many Bacillus species are resistant to heat, radiation, disinfectants, and desiccation, they are difficult to eliminate from medical and pharmaceutical materials and are a frequent cause of contamination. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacillus species are well known in the food industries as troublesome spoilage organisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ubiquitous in nature, Bacillus includes both free-living (nonparasitic) species, and two parasitic pathogenic species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many species of Bacillus can produce copious amounts of enzymes, which are used in various industries, such as in the production of alpha amylase used in starch hydrolysis and the protease subtilisin used in detergents. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some Bacillus species can synthesize and secrete lipopeptides, in particular surfactins and mycosubtilins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Like other genera associated with the early history of microbiology, such as Pseudomonas and Vibrio, the 266 species of Bacillus are ubiquitous. (wikipedia.org)
  • An easy way to isolate Bacillus species is by placing nonsterile soil in a test tube with water, shaking, placing in melted mannitol salt agar, and incubating at room temperature for at least a day. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacillus species can be obligate aerobes (oxygen reliant), or facultative anaerobes (having the ability to be aerobic or anaerobic). (wikipedia.org)
  • Many species of Bacillus can produce copious amounts of enzymes which are used in different industries. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other species of Bacillus are important pathogens, causing anthrax and food poisoning . (wikipedia.org)
  • Many Bacillus species are able to secrete large quantities of enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacillus species are almost ubiquitous in nature, e.g. in soil, but also occur in extreme environments such as high pH ( B. alcalophilus ), high temperature ( B. thermophilus ), or high salt ( B. halodurans ). (wikipedia.org)
  • [7] Some species of Bacillus are naturally competent for DNA uptake by transformation . (wikipedia.org)
  • The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) asked the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) to produce a guidance document for the assessment of the toxigenic potential of Bacillus species used in animal nutrition. (europa.eu)
  • Bacillus species are either obligate or facultative aerobes , and test positive for the enzyme catalase . (bionity.com)
  • In response to starvation, metabolically active vegetative cells of Bacillus species differentiate into specialised, highly resistant dormant cells called spores. (els.net)
  • Bacillus species have a survival mechanism called sporulation that is a developmental process, which results in a metabolically inactive cell (spore). (els.net)
  • Differences in germination receptors and nutrient stimulus exist among Bacillus species. (els.net)
  • Species in the genus Bacillus can be thermophilic, psychrophilic, acidophilic, alkaliphilic, halotolerant, or halophilic and are capable at growing at pH values, temperatures, and salt concentrations where few other organisms can survive. (kenyon.edu)
  • Although the most well known of the bacilli are the pathogenic species, most Bacillus are saprophytes that make their living off of decaying matter. (kenyon.edu)
  • These species are closely related and should be placed within one species, except for Bacillus anthracis that possesses specific large virulence plasmids. (highveld.com)
  • Other species of Bacillus produce antibiotics in an effort to thwart their bacterial competition, so perhaps Bt-toxin is a way to avoid occasional insect annihilation. (scientificamerican.com)
Genus3
  • Three proposals have been presented as representing the phylogeny of the genus Bacillus. (wikipedia.org)
  • For the insect genus, see Bacillus (insect) . (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to the metabolic diversity in the genus Bacillus , bacilli are able to colonize a variety of habitats ranging from soil and insects to humans. (kenyon.edu)
Bacillaceae1
  • The genera Bacillus and Clostridium constitute the family Bacillaceae. (wikipedia.org)
Coagulans42
  • People take Bacillus coagulans for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), diarrhea, gas, airway infections, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Bacillus coagulans produces lactic acid and is often misclassified as lactobacillus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In fact, some commercial products containing Bacillus coagulans are marketed as Lactobacillus sporogenes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Clinical research shows that taking Bacillus coagulans daily for 56-90 days improves quality of life and decreases bloating, vomiting, abdominal pain, and the number of bowel movements in people with diarrhea-predominant IBS. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Other clinical research shows that taking a specific combination product (Colinox, DMG Italia SRL) containing Bacillus coagulans and simethicone three times daily for 4 weeks improves bloating and discomfort in people with IBS. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Early research shows that taking Bacillus coagulans twice daily for 4 weeks can improve abdominal pain and discomfort in people who tend to have constipation. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Early research in babies 6-24 months of age with diarrhea shows that taking Bacillus coagulans for up to 5 days doesn't alleviate diarrhea. (medlineplus.gov)
  • But taking Bacillus coagulans does seem to improve diarrhea and stomach pain in adults. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Early research in newborn babies shows that taking Bacillus coagulans daily for one year decreases the child's risk of developing rotavirus diarrhea. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Early evidence in people who have gas after eating shows that taking a specific combination supplement containing Bacillus coagulans and a blend of enzymes daily for 4 weeks does not improve bloating or gas. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Early research shows that taking Bacillus coagulans daily for 8 weeks can reduce symptoms of burping, belching, and sour taste. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Other research shows that taking Bacillus coagulans twice daily for 4 weeks reduces stomach pain and bloating. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Early research shows that taking Bacillus coagulans daily for 60 days in addition to normal treatment can reduce pain, but does not reduce the number of painful or swollen joints in people with RA. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Bacillus coagulans also does not improve the ability to perform activities of daily living in people with RA. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Early research in these babies shows that taking Bacillus coagulans daily until leaving the hospital does not prevent necrotizing enterocolitis or death. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, taking Bacillus coagulans does increase the number of babies that are able to tolerate food. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Bacillus coagulans is a notable exception which, due to its sporulated form, survives without special handling and proliferates in the gastrointestinal environment. (chiro.org)
  • 3 ] In 1957, the organism was reclassified in Bergey s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology based on its biochemical properties, and the current correct nomenclature is Bacillus coagulans (B. coagulans). (chiro.org)
  • What is Bacillus Coagulans? (wisegeek.com)
  • Manufacturers of products containing Bacillus coagulans also claim that it is extremely durable and more likely than other probiotics to reach the intestines alive. (wisegeek.com)
  • The microorganism Bacillus coagulans is found in several probiotic supplements currently on the market. (wisegeek.com)
  • Bacillus coagulans is a bacterium that produces lactic acid, which is a necessary substance in the human body. (wisegeek.com)
  • Bacillus coagulans is also reputed to be supportive of immune system functioning. (wisegeek.com)
  • The use of Bacillus coagulans as a probiotic for humans requires further research. (wisegeek.com)
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  • Global Bacillus Coagulans creations supply deals request advertise status and gauge. (openpr.com)
  • Global Bacillus Coagulans industry improvement slant. (openpr.com)
  • There are some probiotics on the market with 1 specific strain such as Lactobacillus Planatarum 299v or Bacillus Coagulans or Saccharomyces Boulardii, Lactobacillus Acidopholous and on and on and on. (healingwell.com)
Firmicutes1
  • Bacillus Ć© o nome dun xĆ©nero de bacterias grampositivas con forma bacilar , membro do filo Firmicutes . (wikipedia.org)
Strains4
  • 1992) had isolated two gramicidin-S hyperproducing strains of Bacillus brevis , which secreted the product up to 350 ug/ml, while the mutant B. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Bacillus isolates possessing high surface tension activity and five reference strains were subjected to amplified 16S rDNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). (hindawi.com)
  • Some strains of the Bacillus cereus group are able to grow at refrigeration temperatures. (highveld.com)
  • Specific bacterial strains like lactobacillus 299v, bacillus caogulauns, others? (healingwell.com)
Cohn1
  • O xĆ©nero Bacillus foi denominado asĆ­ en 1835 por Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg (que tamĆ©n nomeou o xĆ©nero, hoxe considerado invĆ”lido, Bacterium sete anos antes) e contiƱa inicialmente bacterias con forma de bastĆ³n, e despois foi emendado por Ferdinand Cohn para que incluĆ­se bacterias formadoras de esporas, grampositivas ou variables, con forma bacilar. (wikipedia.org)
Strain3
  • In 2019, it was found in a hyperalkaline spring in Zambales (Philippines) a bacterial consortium of a strain of Bacillus pseudofirmus with Bacillus agaradhaerens that can biodegrade LDPE plastic. (wikipedia.org)
  • An aerobic endospore-forming bacterium, tentatively identified as a strain (JJ-lb) of Bacillus macerans, was isolated by enrichment on 4-hydroxybenzoate (4HBA), using as an inoculum soil taken from a 50 degrees C Iadho hot spring. (nih.gov)
  • thuringiensis BGSC 4A3 strain, a Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. (freepatentsonline.com)
Megaterium2
  • Bacillus megaterium spores have a characteristic polar knob and equatorial ridge, or groove. (sciencemag.org)
  • Bacillus megaterium bacterial bulture for microbiology laboratory studies is large, easily observed, spore-forming variably motile rods found in soil and water. (flinnsci.com)
Organism1
  • Bacillus/Soybean Ferment Extract is an extract of the product obtained by the fermentation of soybeans by the organism Bacillus. (ewg.org)
Genes2
  • Novel transformation vectors containing novel chimeric genes allow the introduction of exogenous DNA fragments coding for polypeptide toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis or having substantial sequence homology to a gene coding for a polypeptide toxin as described herein and expression of the chimeric. (google.com)
  • This suggests that these virulence-enhancing genes are not specifically unique to Bacillus anthracis , but rather are part of the common array of genes of the B. cereus group (of which B. anthracis , B. cereus , and B. thuringiensis are all a part). (kenyon.edu)
Calmette-Guerin7
  • Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin reduces the risk of progression in patients with superficial bladder cancer: a meta-analysis of the published results of randomized clinical trials. (medscape.com)
  • Ikeda N, Honda I, Yano I, Koyama A, Toida I. Bacillus calmette-guerin Tokyo172 substrain for superficial bladder cancer: characterization and antitumor effect. (medscape.com)
  • Maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy for recurrent TA, T1 and carcinoma in situ transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a randomized Southwest Oncology Group Study. (medscape.com)
  • Palou J, Laguna P, MillĆ”n-RodrĆ­guez F, Hall RR, Salvador-Bayarri J, Vicente-RodrĆ­guez J. Control group and maintenance treatment with bacillus Calmette-Guerin for carcinoma in situ and/or high grade bladder tumors. (medscape.com)
  • What is Bacillus Calmette-Guerin bladder treatment? (reference.com)
  • Bacillus Calmette-Guerin bladder treatment is a medication used to treat bladder cancer. (reference.com)
  • Is hair loss a side effect of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin treatment? (reference.com)
Anthrax bacillus3
  • We have been able to successfully use Lentiviral vector technology to take an existing hybridoma that poorly produces a highly valued monoclonal antibody targeted to the Anthrax bacillus and create a new cell line that produces the antibody at high levels. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • In 1876, Koch, using suspended drop culture techniques, was able to trace the complete life cycle of the anthrax bacillus for the first time in history. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Koch was the first person to isolate the cholera and the anthrax bacillus and won the 1905 Nobel Prize in 1905 for his discovery and investigations into the tuberculosis bacillus. (thefreedictionary.com)
Protein9
  • Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is the source of a natural antibiotic protein barnase (a ribonuclease ), alpha amylase used in starch hydrolysis, the protease subtilisin used with detergents, and the BamH1 restriction enzyme used in DNA research. (wikipedia.org)
  • or a truncated portion of a 130 kD crystal protein of Bacillus thuringiensis sotto. (google.com)
  • The genome of Bacillus anthracis is 5,227,293 base pairs long with 5,508 predicted protein-coding regions. (kenyon.edu)
  • To purify and characterize an antimicrobial protein (bacteriocin) isolated from the dairy product-derived Bacillus amyloliquefaciens . (ingentaconnect.com)
  • Antiproliferative protein from Bacillus thuringiensis var. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • The present invention provides an isolated and purified protein derived from Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies thuringiensis, having a molecular weight of approximately 20 kDa of SDS-PAGE, said protein having the partial amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 1, and wherein said protein displays cytotoxic effects against tumor cells. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • More specifically, the present invention relates to the isolation, purification and characterization of a novel antiproliferative protein from Bacillus thuringiensis var. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • Bacillus thuringiensis took advantage of important insect cellular proteins, such as chaperones, involved in maintaining protein homeostasis, to enhance its insecticidal activity. (asm.org)
  • They are Cry protein crystals made by the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis . (scientificamerican.com)
Amyloliquefaciens1
  • Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Ć© a fonte da proteĆ­na antibiĆ³tica natural barnase (unha ribonuclease ). (wikipedia.org)
Bacterial2
  • For the bacterial class, see Bacilli . (wikipedia.org)
  • 3. A harmful bacterium control agent according to claim 1, wherein the Bacillus thuringiensis has an ability of bacterial self-induced factor inactivation. (freepatentsonline.com)
Bacterium that causes1
  • Isolation and presumptive identification of Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax. (emsl.com)
Https1
  • https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bacillus_thuringiensis&oldid=20992437 " adresinden alındı. (wikipedia.org)
Pumilus3
  • Images of Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032 spores (seen in an electron micrograph) on aluminum before and after being exposed to space on an International Space Station experiment. (universetoday.com)
  • Survival of Rock-Colonizing Organisms After 1.5 Years in Outer Space " and " Survival of Bacillus pumilus Spores for a Prolonged Period of Time in Real Space Conditions . (universetoday.com)
  • In this study, the effect of Bacillus pumilus 3-19 proteolytic enzymes on the structure of 7-day-old S. marcescens biofilms was examined. (hindawi.com)
Sphaericus2
  • Bacillus sphaericus is an obligate aerobe bacterium used as a larvicide for mosquito control of the Anopheles and Culex genera. (dbpedia.org)
  • Bacillus sphaericus is a gram positive bacterium, with rod shaped cells that form chains. (dbpedia.org)
Gram positive1
  • Bacillus popilliae is a Gram-positive bacterium which attacks only the Japanese beetle ( Popillia japonica ). (everything2.com)
Soil1
  • Bacillus cereus is a normal soil inhabitant and is frequently isolated from a variety of foods, including vegetables, dairy products and meat. (highveld.com)
Genome2
  • A portion of the Bacillus thuringiensis genome was incorporated into corn (and cotton) crops. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aim of this course is to introduce Next-Generation Sequencing (including technique, algorithms, methods, sequence mapping tools, data analyses) and Design of NGS experiments and workflow of Bacillus thuringiensis genome sequencing, assembly and annotation. (icgeb.org)
Proteins1
  • Dean, D. H. Bacillus thuringiensis and Its Pesticidal Crystal Proteins. (orst.edu)
Characterization1
  • A correlation between the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Bacillus spp. (hindawi.com)
Cereus group1
  • Using the Bacillus cereus group as a model, a conceptual framework for the. (asm.org)
Anthracis spores2
  • Although non-viable select agents are excluded from the select agent regulations, it has been observed that some inactivation protocols that have been used have not inactivated Bacillus anthracis spores completely, necessitating issuance of this policy statement. (cdc.gov)
  • Carr KA, Janes BK and Hanna PC (2010) Role of the gerP operon in germination and outgrowth of Bacillus anthracis spores. (els.net)
Audible Bacillus2
  • A lunchtime reading group held in conjunction with the exhibition Audible Bacillus . (wesleyan.edu)
  • Take a closer look at the Audible Bacillus exhibition by joining a 45-minute tour, led by Wesleyan University gallery guides. (wesleyan.edu)
Cellular and Molecular Biology2
  • 2007). Bacillus: Cellular and Molecular Biology , 1st ed. (bionity.com)
  • Bacillus: Cellular and Molecular Biology (Graumann P, ed.) . (bionity.com)
Yersinia2
  • Clinical symptoms during those pandemics resemble those associated with modern plague, whose etiological agent is the Gram-negative bacillus, Yersinia pestis ( 1 ). (pnas.org)
  • Francisella tularensis , Bacillus anthracis , and Yersinia pestis are tier 1 select agents with the potential to rapidly cause severe disease. (asm.org)
Agent of anthrax1
Insect1
  • whereby the chimeric gene can be expressed in the cell as an insect controlling amount of an insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis polyopeptide toxin with toxicity to Lepidoptera insects. (google.com)
Spore germination1
  • Overview of the major events of nutrientā€mediated Bacillus spore germination. (els.net)
Toxin3
  • The 67 kDa toxin shares a significant structural homology with toxins from various other subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • whereas it is only 39% identical to Bacillus thuringiensis kursataki toxin (Waalwijk et al. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • My purpose here is not to stoke that debate, but to show you what an amazing thing the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin is in the state of nature. (scientificamerican.com)
Subsp1
  • 4. A harmful bacterium control agent according to claim 1, wherein the Bacillus thuringiensis is a Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. (freepatentsonline.com)
Search1
Foodborne outbreaks1
  • Three types of Bacillus cereus enterotoxins involved in foodborne outbreaks have been identified. (highveld.com)
Diversity3
  • The first proposal, presented in 2003, is a Bacillus-specific study, with the most diversity covered using 16S and the ITS regions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diversity among biosurfactant producing Bacillus spp. (hindawi.com)
  • Present work revealed that diversity exists in distribution of Bacillus spp. (hindawi.com)
Survival3
  • For survival in harsh environments, bacilli can form spores, but it is very costly to them energy-wise. (kenyon.edu)
  • However, consumer interest in precooked chilled food products with a long shelf life may lead to products well suited for Bacillus cereus survival and growth. (highveld.com)
  • Hansen, B. M. Long-Term Survival and Germination of Bacillus thuringiensis var. (orst.edu)
Enzymes1
  • Bacilli are also used in the detergent manufacturing industry for their ability to synthesize important enzymes. (kenyon.edu)
Germination3
  • Key players involved in the germination of Bacillus spores and general structure of layers (sizes not to scale). (els.net)
  • Proposed model of germination receptor pathways in Bacillus anthracis . (els.net)
  • Chesnokova ON, McPherson SA, Steichen CT and Turnbough CL (2009) The sporeā€specific alanine racemase of Bacillus anthracis and its role in suppressing germination during spore development. (els.net)
Agar plate1
Spoilage1
  • Reports of Bacillus-associated wine (predominantly dessert wines) and brandy spoilage has been found in literature (Murrell and Rankine, 1979). (ucdavis.edu)
Bacteriophage Infecting Bacterium Stock Photo & More Pictures of Bacillus Subtilis | iStock
Bacteriophage Infecting Bacterium Stock Photo & More Pictures of Bacillus Subtilis | iStock (istockphoto.com)
Displaying items by tag: Bacillus
Displaying items by tag: Bacillus (asm.org)
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Ā· iNaturalist.org
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Ā· iNaturalist.org (inaturalist.org)
AUA14 - Predicting response to bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) - Session Highlights
AUA14 - Predicting response to bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) - Session Highlights (urotoday.com)
Environmental Salinity Determines the Specificity and Need for Tat-Dependent Secretion of the YwbN Protein in Bacillus subtilis
Environmental Salinity Determines the Specificity and Need for Tat-Dependent Secretion of the YwbN Protein in Bacillus subtilis (journals.plos.org)
Drosophila melanogaster Selection for Survival after Infection with Bacillus cereus Spores: Evolutionary Genetic and Phenotypic...
Drosophila melanogaster Selection for Survival after Infection with Bacillus cereus Spores: Evolutionary Genetic and Phenotypic... (hindawi.com)
Transposon Mutagenesis of the Plant-Associated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum FZB42 Revealed That the nfrA and...
Transposon Mutagenesis of the Plant-Associated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum FZB42 Revealed That the nfrA and... (journals.plos.org)
Bacillus thuringiensis - MintPress News
Bacillus thuringiensis - MintPress News (mintpressnews.com)
Regulatory protein BlaR1 (Bacillus licheniformis) | Protein Target - PubChem
Regulatory protein BlaR1 (Bacillus licheniformis) | Protein Target - PubChem (pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
PLOS ONE: Genome Sequence of Bacillus endophyticus and Analysis of Its Companion Mechanism in the Ketogulonigenium vulgare...
PLOS ONE: Genome Sequence of Bacillus endophyticus and Analysis of Its Companion Mechanism in the Ketogulonigenium vulgare... (journals.plos.org)
PLOS ONE: Rapid assessment of viable but non-culturable Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 in commercial formulations using Flow...
PLOS ONE: Rapid assessment of viable but non-culturable Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 in commercial formulations using Flow... (journals.plos.org)
JCDR - LRTIs, Gram negative bacilli, Multidrug resistance
JCDR - LRTIs, Gram negative bacilli, Multidrug resistance (jcdr.net)
Bacillus - Wikipedia
Bacillus - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Bacillus Anthracis
Bacillus Anthracis (medizzy.com)
The KPC type beta-lactamases: new enzymes that confer resistance to carbapenems in Gram-negative bacilli. | Sacha | Folia...
The KPC type beta-lactamases: new enzymes that confer resistance to carbapenems in Gram-negative bacilli. | Sacha | Folia... (journals.viamedica.pl)
Microbial Toxins | SpringerLink
Microbial Toxins | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
GƤrtner's bacillus | Define GƤrtner's bacillus at Dictionary.com
GƤrtner's bacillus | Define GƤrtner's bacillus at Dictionary.com (dictionary.com)
April 21, 1877 - Scientific American
April 21, 1877 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
B.natto - definition of B.natto by The Free Dictionary
B.natto - definition of B.natto by The Free Dictionary (thefreedictionary.com)
Bacillus fusiformis | bacterium | Britannica.com
Bacillus fusiformis | bacterium | Britannica.com (britannica.com)
Anthrax | Summary | NNDSS
Anthrax | Summary | NNDSS (wwwn.cdc.gov)
Scientific American Builder Editions Volume 3, Issue 4build - Scientific American
Scientific American Builder Editions Volume 3, Issue 4build - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
Mutation Displacement in Origin of Bacterial Pathogenicity | Answers in Genesis
Mutation Displacement in Origin of Bacterial Pathogenicity | Answers in Genesis (answersingenesis.org)
Essential Bacillus subtilis genes | PNAS
Essential Bacillus subtilis genes | PNAS (pnas.org)
Bacillus subtilis tagged stories - MIT Technology Review
Bacillus subtilis tagged stories - MIT Technology Review (technologyreview.com)
EWG Skin DeepĀ® | What is BACILLUS/SOYBEAN FERMENT EXTRACT
EWG Skin DeepĀ® | What is BACILLUS/SOYBEAN FERMENT EXTRACT (ewg.org)