Dyneins
Axoneme
Flagella
A whiplike motility appendage present on the surface cells. Prokaryote flagella are composed of a protein called FLAGELLIN. Bacteria can have a single flagellum, a tuft at one pole, or multiple flagella covering the entire surface. In eukaryotes, flagella are threadlike protoplasmic extensions used to propel flagellates and sperm. Flagella have the same basic structure as CILIA but are longer in proportion to the cell bearing them and present in much smaller numbers. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Chlamydomonas
Cilia
Populations of thin, motile processes found covering the surface of ciliates (CILIOPHORA) or the free surface of the cells making up ciliated EPITHELIUM. Each cilium arises from a basic granule in the superficial layer of CYTOPLASM. The movement of cilia propels ciliates through the liquid in which they live. The movement of cilia on a ciliated epithelium serves to propel a surface layer of mucus or fluid. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Sperm Tail
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Cytoplasmic Dyneins
Microtubules
Kartagener Syndrome
Sea Urchins
Molecular Motor Proteins
Ciliary Motility Disorders
Kinesin
A microtubule-associated mechanical adenosine triphosphatase, that uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move organelles along microtubules toward the plus end of the microtubule. The protein is found in squid axoplasm, optic lobes, and in bovine brain. Bovine kinesin is a heterotetramer composed of two heavy (120 kDa) and two light (62 kDa) chains. EC 3.6.1.-.
Tubulin
A microtubule subunit protein found in large quantities in mammalian brain. It has also been isolated from SPERM FLAGELLUM; CILIA; and other sources. Structurally, the protein is a dimer with a molecular weight of approximately 120,000 and a sedimentation coefficient of 5.8S. It binds to COLCHICINE; VINCRISTINE; and VINBLASTINE.
Cytoplasm
Paramecium
Sperm Motility
Amino Acid Sequence
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Microtubule-Associated Proteins
Adenosine Triphosphatases
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Mutation
Spermatozoa
Mature male germ cells derived from SPERMATIDS. As spermatids move toward the lumen of the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES, they undergo extensive structural changes including the loss of cytoplasm, condensation of CHROMATIN into the SPERM HEAD, formation of the ACROSOME cap, the SPERM MIDPIECE and the SPERM TAIL that provides motility.
Situs Inversus
A congenital abnormality in which organs in the THORAX and the ABDOMEN are opposite to their normal positions (situs solitus) due to lateral transposition. Normally the STOMACH and SPLEEN are on the left, LIVER on the right, the three-lobed right lung is on the right, and the two-lobed left lung on the left. Situs inversus has a familial pattern and has been associated with a number of genes related to microtubule-associated proteins.
Ependyma
Streptavidin
Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic
Myosins
A diverse superfamily of proteins that function as translocating proteins. They share the common characteristics of being able to bind ACTINS and hydrolyze MgATP. Myosins generally consist of heavy chains which are involved in locomotion, and light chains which are involved in regulation. Within the structure of myosin heavy chain are three domains: the head, the neck and the tail. The head region of the heavy chain contains the actin binding domain and MgATPase domain which provides energy for locomotion. The neck region is involved in binding the light-chains. The tail region provides the anchoring point that maintains the position of the heavy chain. The superfamily of myosins is organized into structural classes based upon the type and arrangement of the subunits they contain.
Visual Perception
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
A self-governing state of the Windward Islands in the West Indies, comprising Saint Vincent and the northern islets of the Grenadines. Its capital is Kingstown. It is one of the original homes of the Carib Indians supposed to have been sighted by Columbus in 1498. It was in English hands from 1627 till held by the French 1779-83. Saint Vincent subsequently became a British possession and, with other nearby British territories, was administered by the Governor of the Windward Islands till 1959. It attained a measure of independence in 1969 but achieved full independence as Saint Vincent and the Grenadines in 1979. Saint Vincent was the 4th century Spanish martyr on whose feast day Columbus discovered the island. Grenadines is derived from the Spanish kingdom of Granada. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p1054 & The Europa World Year Book 1993, p2441)
MedlinePlus
Single-Domain Antibodies
Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains
Single-Chain Antibodies
Antibodies
Targeted deletion of the ATP binding domain of left-right dynein confirms its role in specifying development of left-right asymmetries. (1/54)
Vertebrates develop distinct asymmetries along the left-right axis, which are consistently aligned with the anteroposterior and dorsoventral axes. The mechanisms that direct this handed development of left-right asymmetries have been elusive, but recent studies of mutations that affect left-right development have shed light on the molecules involved. One molecule implicated in left-right specification is left-right dynein (LRD), a microtubule-based motor protein. In the LRD protein of the inversus viscerum (iv) mouse, there is a single amino acid difference at a conserved position, and the lrd gene is one of many genes deleted in the legless (lgl) mutation. Both iv and lgl mice display randomized left-right development. Here we extend the analysis of the lrd gene at the levels of sequence, expression and function. The complete coding sequence of the lrd gene confirms its classification as an axonemal, or ciliary, dynein. Expression of lrd in the node at embryonic day 7.5 is shown to be symmetric. At embryonic day 8.0, however, a striking asymmetric expression pattern is observed in all three germ layers of the developing headfold, suggesting roles in both the establishment and maintenance of left-right asymmetries. At later times, expression of lrd is also observed in the developing floorplate, gut and limbs. These results suggest function for LRD protein in both ciliated and non-ciliated cells, despite its sequence classification as axonemal. In addition, a targeted mutation of lrd was generated that deletes the part of the protein required for ATP binding, and hence motor function. The resulting left-right phenotype, randomization of laterality, is identical to that of iv and lgl mutants. Gross defects in ciliary structure were not observed in lrd/lrd mutants. Strikingly, however, the monocilia on mutant embryonic node cells were immotile. These results prove the identity of the iv and lrd genes. Further, they argue that LRD motor function, and resulting nodal monocilia movement, are required for normal left-right development. (+info)Chromosomal effects of rapid gene evolution in Drosophila melanogaster. (2/54)
Rapid adaptive fixation of a new favorable mutation is expected to affect neighboring genes along the chromosome. Evolutionary theory predicts that the chromosomal region would show a reduced level of genetic variation and an excess of rare alleles. We have confirmed these predictions in a region of the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster that contains a newly evolved gene for a component of the sperm axoneme. In D. simulans, where the novel gene does not exist, the pattern of genetic variation is consistent with selection against recurrent deleterious mutations. These findings imply that the pattern of genetic variation along a chromosome may be useful for inferring its evolutionary history and for revealing regions in which recent adaptive fixations have taken place. (+info)Axonemal dynein intermediate-chain gene (DNAI1) mutations result in situs inversus and primary ciliary dyskinesia (Kartagener syndrome). (3/54)
Kartagener syndrome (KS) is a trilogy of symptoms (nasal polyps, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus totalis) that is associated with ultrastructural anomalies of cilia of epithelial cells covering the upper and lower respiratory tracts and spermatozoa flagellae. The axonemal dynein intermediate-chain gene 1 (DNAI1), which has been demonstrated to be responsible for a case of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) without situs inversus, was screened for mutation in a series of 34 patients with KS. We identified compound heterozygous DNAI1 gene defects in three independent patients and in two of their siblings who presented with PCD and situs solitus (i.e., normal position of inner organs). Strikingly, these five patients share one mutant allele (splice defect), which is identical to one of the mutant DNAI1 alleles found in the patient with PCD, reported elsewhere. Finally, this study demonstrates a link between ciliary function and situs determination, since compound mutation heterozygosity in DNAI1 results in PCD with situs solitus or situs inversus (KS). (+info)Axonemal dynein expression in human fetal tracheal epithelium. (4/54)
Ciliogenesis in human fetal airway epithelium occurs from 11 to 24 gestational weeks. Using genetic and antigenic markers specific for human axonemal dynein heavy chain 9, we characterized temporal aspects of axonemal dynein expression associated with large airway epithelial ciliogenesis during human fetal development. Late in the first trimester, an undifferentiated columnar epithelium is characteristic of the large airways, and immunocytochemical studies exhibited focal localization of axonemal dynein antigen on luminal epithelial cell borders at sites consistent with emergent ciliary beds. From 12 to 22 wk, immunocytochemical labeling of new ciliary beds was prominent, and localization within the cytoplasm of epithelial cells suggested avid synthesis of axonemal dynein in advance of ciliogenic events. Quantitative RT-PCR of tracheal RNA and in situ hybridization studies compared favorably with immunocytochemical findings with the earliest expression of axonemal dynein at 9-10 wk gestation. These studies have documented that axonemal dynein is expressed early in human fetal life during airway epithelial maturation and well before histological or ultrastructural evidence of ciliogenesis is apparent. (+info)Mutations in the DNAH11 (axonemal heavy chain dynein type 11) gene cause one form of situs inversus totalis and most likely primary ciliary dyskinesia. (5/54)
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD; MIM 242650) is an autosomal recessive disorder of ciliary dysfunction with extensive genetic heterogeneity. PCD is characterized by bronchiectasis and upper respiratory tract infections, and half of the patients with PCD have situs inversus (Kartagener syndrome). We characterized the transcript and the genomic organization of the axonemal heavy chain dynein type 11 (DNAH11) gene, the human homologue of murine Dnah11 or lrd, which is mutated in the iv/iv mouse model with situs inversus. To assess the role of DNAH11, which maps on chromosome 7p21, we searched for mutations in the 82 exons of this gene in a patient with situs inversus totalis, and probable Kartagener syndrome associated with paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 (patUPD7). We identified a homozygous nonsense mutation (R2852X) in the DNAH11 gene. This patient is remarkable because he is also homozygous for the F508del allele of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Sequence analysis of the DNAH11 gene in an additional 6 selected PCD sibships that shared DNAH11 alleles revealed polymorphic variants and an R3004Q substitution in a conserved position that might be pathogenic. We conclude that mutations in the coding region of DNAH11 account for situs inversus totalis and probably a minority of cases of PCD. (+info)The T complex distorter 2 candidate gene, Dnahc8, encodes at least two testis-specific axonemal dynein heavy chains that differ extensively at their amino and carboxyl termini. (6/54)
Homozygosity for the t haplotype allele of the testis-specifically expressed axonemal dynein heavy chain (axDHC) gene, Dnahc8, has been linked to male sterility resulting from aberrant sperm motility. However, the near absence of Dnahc8 expression has been associated with male sterility resulting from an early breakdown in sperm flagellar development. Although axDHCs are integral participants in flagellar motility, a role in flagellar morphogenesis has never been attributed to a member of this highly conserved gene family. To gain a better understanding of this presumed novel role for Dnahc8, we have studied the organization and expression of full-length Dnahc8(+) and Dnahc8(t) transcripts. Our results demonstrate the existence of at least two alternatively spliced, testis-specific Dnahc8 mRNAs transcribed from both the + and t alleles. A highly expressed isoform encodes a protein with significant homology nearly throughout to the gamma heavy chain of the Chlamydomonas axonemal outer arm dynein, while a more poorly expressed isoform codes for a protein whose sequence diverges significantly from that of other axDHCs at both its N and C termini. While in situ hybridization studies demonstrate that both mRNA species accumulate exclusively in mid to late spermatocytes, each isoform shows spatial independence. Additional experiments demonstrate the existence of a testis-expressed mRNA with no significant open reading frame, a portion of which is antisense to the 5'-untranslated region of the highly divergent Dnahc8 isoform. The cumulative data imply that Dnahc8 may have acquired functional plasticity in the testis through the tightly controlled expression of both typical and unusual isoforms. (+info)Parametric and non-parametric linkage analysis of several candidate regions for genes for human handedness. (7/54)
The frequency of left-handedness in the general population is around 11%. Both environmental and genetic models have been proposed to explain the aetiology of human handedness. The majority of genetic models, such as those of Annett, McManus and Klar, propose a single gene determinant with a non-Mendelian inheritance pattern. As left-handedness is correlated with cerebral asymmetry and is a feature of left-right asymmetry, genes involved in the development of left-right asymmetry can be considered as candidate genes. Candidate gene analysis was performed using an informative extended pedigree, and also using nuclear families of right-handed parents with left-handed children. Segregation analysis in the extended pedigree identified allele sharing in the NODAL and DNAHC13 candidate regions on chromosome 10 and 1. Linkage analysis using the models of Klar and McManus, and non-parametric analysis on nuclear families, subsequently excluded all candidate regions tested. This demonstrates the power to identify the genes specifying handedness by the conduct of extended genetic studies on these and similar cohorts. (+info)Two populations of node monocilia initiate left-right asymmetry in the mouse. (8/54)
The vertebrate body plan has conserved handed left-right (LR) asymmetry that is manifested in the heart, lungs, and gut. Leftward flow of extracellular fluid at the node (nodal flow) is critical for normal LR axis determination in the mouse. Nodal flow is generated by motile node cell monocilia and requires the axonemal dynein, left-right dynein (lrd). In the absence of lrd, LR determination becomes random. The cation channel polycystin-2 is also required to establish LR asymmetry. We show that lrd localizes to a centrally located subset of node monocilia, while polycystin-2 is found in all node monocilia. Asymmetric calcium signaling appears at the left margin of the node coincident with nodal flow. These observations suggest that LR asymmetry is established by an entirely ciliary mechanism: motile, lrd-containing monocilia generate nodal flow, and nonmotile polycystin-2 containing cilia sense nodal flow initiating an asymmetric calcium signal at the left border of the node. (+info)
DYX1C1 is required for axonemal dynein assembly and ciliary motility<...
Pharos : Target Details - Q9NYC9
The dynein regulatory complex is the nexin link and a major regulatory node in cilia and flagella | The Grigorieff Lab
Submissions for variant NM 001206927.2(DNAH8):c.11563+1G|T (rs776791493) -
ClinVar Miner
TCTE3 - Tctex1 domain-containing protein 3 - Homo sapiens (Human) - TCTE3 gene & protein
DNAI1 antibody | acris-antibodies.com
Sequence Detail
Reactome | TUBB3 [axonemal microtubule]
LRRC67抗体|Abcam中国|Anti-LRRC67抗体(ab122006)
Thrombin: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings - Drugs.com
ARMC4</i> mutations cause primary ciliary dyskinesia with randomization of left/right body asymmetry...
Mechanosignaling between central apparatus and radial spokes controls axonemal dynein activity | JCB
Mutagenetix > Incidental...
Developing Symmetry and Asymmetry | Science Signaling
Tissue expression of DNAH9 - Staining in spleen - The Human Protein Atlas
Tissue expression of DNAH9 - Primary data - The Human Protein Atlas
Soma Ticaret Sanayi Odas | Brand Medications
DNAH10 - PCR Primer Pair - SYBR | PrimePCR | Bio-Rad
Items in seahorse breeder store on eBay !
Dnahc17 - PrimePCR Assay and Template | Life Science | Bio-Rad
Mr. Seahorse - TV Tropes
Seahorse problem - Aquarium Advice - Aquarium Forum Community
Male seahorse gives birth to hundreds of babies at Clearwater aquarium
İstanbulites: Murat Yetkin - İstanbul Story
Kartagener Syndrome | Syndromes: Rapid Recognition and Perioperative Implications | AccessAnesthesiology | McGraw-Hill Medical
Mutations in PIH1D3 Cause X-Linked Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia with Outer and Inner Dynein Arm Defects<...
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia of Old English Sheepdog (Bobtail) | Antagene
Lirias: Identification, tissue specific expression, and chromosomal localisation of several human dynein heavy chain genes
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DNAI1 - Wikipedia
Monocytes from patients with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia show enhanced inflammatory properties and produce higher levels of pro...
Screening for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Using Nasal Nitric Oxide - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Otolith Function in Patients With Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Homozygosity mapping of a gene locus for primary ciliary dyskinesia on chromosome 5p and identification of the heavy dynein...
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Diagnosis and Treatment
Situs inversus and ciliary abnormalities: 20 years later, what is the connection? | Cilia | Full Text
Chromosomal Effects of Rapid Gene Evolution in Drosophila melanogaster | Science
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia via the DNAAF3 Gene - PreventionGenetics
Blog on Optical Tweezers: Non-Processive Force Generation by Mammalian Axonemal Dynein In Situ on Doublet Microtubules
Bridgets story | Lung Foundation Australia
Kartagener Syndrome
Kartagener-syndromás no kiviselt ikerterhessége<...
Work supportet by the Foundation - Fondation Milena Carvajal - Pro-Kartagener
DRC3 - Dynein regulatory complex subunit 3 - Equus caballus (Horse) - DRC3 gene & protein
NIH Funds Cilia Motility Study | Integrative Systems Biology | University of Pittsburgh
Cilia-driven leftward flow determines laterality in Xenopus
Publikationen PD Dr. med. Jan Halbritter
PCD - Theres More to the Story - Running On Air
Dyneins - Stephen M. King - shakes.cz books
DISQUINESIA CILIAR PRIMARIA PDF
Fellow Publications
Seahorse is Shaking Head and Scratching Head | Seahorse.com
Specimen of longsnout seahorse also known as slender seahorse... News Photo - Getty Images
Teb 45. B lge orum Eczac Odas Normal Re ete le Verilmesi Gereken zlemeye Tabi la lar
Seahorse 520 Protective Case Plastic Keyed Locks 520PLOR
Agilent Seahorse XF Hu T Cell Activation Assay Kit | Agilent
Seahorse Isolated Free Vector Art - (12306 Free Downloads)
ZMYND11 polyclonal antibody - (PAB6315) - Products - Abnova
Dnah10 Image Picker | International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium
Woodys Seahorse Aquarium & Supply | Diseases & Treatments
Seahorse Breeding Program at SEA LIFE Sydney
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Teb 45. B lge orum Eczac Odas Ye il Re eteyle Verilmesi Gereken la lar n Listesi
Zmynd8 MGI Mouse Gene Detail - MGI:1918025 - zinc finger, MYND-type containing 8
On the Predictability of Long-Range Dependent Series
ProNAi Initiates Brighton Phase II Trial of PNT2258 in Patients with Richters Transformation
Bunaken/12 - Pygmy Seahorse
Seahorse males, human moms have a lot in common - UPI.com
Hippocampus sindonis (Sindos Seahorse)
LRRC43 antibody | acris-antibodies.com
FLNB
Dyneins. *axonemal: DNAH1. *DNAH2. *DNAH3. *DNAH5. *DNAH6. *DNAH7. *DNAH8. *DNAH9. *DNAH10. *DNAH11 ...
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein
Dyneins. *axonemal: DNAH1. *DNAH2. *DNAH3. *DNAH5. *DNAH6. *DNAH7. *DNAH8. *DNAH9. *DNAH10. *DNAH11 ...
Neurofilament light polypeptide
Dyneins. *axonemal: DNAH1. *DNAH2. *DNAH3. *DNAH5. *DNAH6. *DNAH7. *DNAH8. *DNAH9. *DNAH10. *DNAH11 ...
DNAH7
Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 7 is a protein in humans that is encoded by the DNAH7 gene. DNAH7 is a component of the inner ... "Entrez Gene: Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 7". Retrieved 2013-02-12. v t e. ... dynein arm of ciliary axonemes (Zhang et al., 2002 [PubMed 11877439]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]. ##RefSeq-Attributes-START# ...
DNAH1
Dynein axonemal heavy chain 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAH1 gene. This gene encodes an inner dynein arm ... "Entrez Gene: Dynein axonemal heavy chain 1". Retrieved 2017-11-06. Zuccarello D, Ferlin A, Cazzadore C, Pepe A, Garolla A, ... Skånland SS, Wälchli S, Brech A, Sandvig K (2009). "SNX4 in complex with clathrin and dynein: implications for endosome ... which encodes an inner arm heavy chain dynein, lead to male infertility from multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm ...
DNAAF2
"Ktu/PF13 is required for cytoplasmic pre-assembly of axonemal dyneins". Nature. 456 (7222): 611-6. doi:10.1038/nature07471. PMC ... Kintoun is a highly conserved protein involved in the preassembly of dynein arm complexes which power cilia. These complexes ...
DNAH11
Dynein heavy chain 11, axonemal is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAH11 gene. This gene encodes a member of the ... "Entrez Gene: DNAH11 dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 11". Blyth M, Wellesley D (April 2008). "Ectopic pregnancy in primary ciliary ... 2002). "Mutations in the DNAH11 (axonemal heavy chain dynein type 11) gene cause one form of situs inversus totalis and most ... Chapelin C, Duriez B, Magnino F, Goossens M, Escudier E, Amselem S (Sep 1997). "Isolation of several human axonemal dynein ...
DNAL4
"Entrez Gene: DNAL4 dynein, axonemal, light chain 4". Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz ... Dynein light chain 4, axonemal is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAL4 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ...
DNAH5
Dynein heavy chain 5, axonemal is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAH5 gene. The DNAH5 gene is a protein-coding ... "Entrez Gene: DNAH5 dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 5". GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Jouannet P, ... 1997). "Identification of dynein heavy chain genes expressed in human and mouse testis: chromosomal localization of an axonemal ... 2006). "Axonemal localization of the dynein component DNAH5 is not altered in secondary ciliary dyskinesia". Pediatr. Res. 59 ( ...
DNAH9
This gene encodes the heavy chain subunit of axonemal dynein, a large multi-subunit molecular motor. Axonemal dynein attaches ... "Entrez Gene: DNAH9 dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 9". Milisav I, Jones MH, Affara NA (1996). "Characterization of a novel human ... 2002). "Axonemal dynein expression in human fetal tracheal epithelium". Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 282 (3): L421- ... Dynein heavy chain 9, axonemal is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAH9 gene. ...
Motor protein
The dynein family has two major branches. Axonemal dyneins facilitate the beating of cilia and flagella by rapid and efficient ... Compared to 15 types of axonemal dynein, only two cytoplasmic forms are known. Genomic representation of dynein motors: Fungi ( ... Axonemal dynein, found in cilia and flagella, is crucial to cell motility, for example in spermatozoa, and fluid transport, for ... Dynein complexes are much larger and more complex than kinesin and myosin motors. Dyneins are composed of two or three heavy ...
Pleasantine Mill
"ZMYND10 functions in a chaperone relay during axonemal dynein assembly". eLife. 7. doi:10.7554/elife.34389. PMC 6044906. PMID ... She proposed that drugs which make dynein motor proteins functional could improve the quality of life of patients suffering ...
DNAL1
Dynein light chain 1, axonemal is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAL1 gene. DNAL1 is a component of outer dynein ... "Identification and analysis of axonemal dynein light chain 1 in primary ciliary dyskinesia patients". Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. ... "Entrez Gene: dynein". Horváth J, Fliegauf M, Olbrich H, Kispert A, King SM, Mitchison H, Zariwala MA, Knowles MR, Sudbrak R, ...
DYNC2H1
1994). "Phylogeny and expression of axonemal and cytoplasmic dynein genes in sea urchins". Mol. Biol. Cell. 5 (1): 57-70. doi: ... chromosomal localization of an axonemal dynein gene". Gene. 200 (1-2): 193-202. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00417-4. PMID 9373155 ... Cytoplasmic dynein 2 heavy chain 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DYNC2H1 gene. It is associated with Short rib- ... "Entrez Gene: DYNC2H1 dynein, cytoplasmic 2, heavy chain 1". Merrill AE, Merriman B, Farrington-Rock C, et al. (April 2009). " ...
Chromosome 1
DNAH14 encoding protein Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 14. *ECM1 (1q21). *EDEM3: ER degradation enhancing alpha-mannosidase like ...
DNAI1
Dynein intermediate chain 1, axonemal is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAI1 gene. The inner- and outer-arm ... The DNAi1 gene (axonemal dynein intermediate chain 1 gene 1) is a gene involved in the development of proper respiratory ... "Entrez Gene: DNAI1 dynein, axonemal, intermediate chain 1". GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia ... 2001). "Axonemal dynein intermediate-chain gene (DNAI1) mutations result in situs inversus and primary ciliary dyskinesia ( ...
DYNC1H1
1997). "Identification of dynein heavy chain genes expressed in human and mouse testis: chromosomal localization of an axonemal ... Cytoplasmic dynein 1 heavy chain 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DYNC1H1 gene. DYNC1H1 has been shown to ... "Entrez Gene: DYNC1H1 dynein, cytoplasmic 1, heavy chain 1". Tai, Chin-Yin; Dujardin Denis L; Faulkner Nicole E; Vallee Richard ... 2004). "Preferentially localized dynein and perinuclear dynactin associate with nuclear pore complex proteins to mediate ...
Erika Holzbaur
Her doctoral research at the University of Pennsylvania involved studies of the ATPase pathway of axonemal dynein. She worked ... She found that targeted disruption of the dynein-dynctin interaction can result in the degeneration of motor neurons. Holzbaur ... During her postdoctoral research, Holzbaur studied cytoplasmic dynein. She was the first person to clone the p150Glued, the ... Holzbaur studies various motor proteins, including dyneins, myosins and kinesins. In the axons of neurons, these motor proteins ...
Molecular motor
Dynein produces the axonemal beating of cilia and flagella and also transports cargo along microtubules towards the cell ... The structure of Dynein consists of A Stem Containing A region that binds to dynactin Intermediate/light chains that will ... These families include the dynein family and the kinesin family. Both have very different structures from one another and ... the dynein is structured in a different way which requires it to have different movement methods. One of these methods includes ...
Molecular biophysics
Axonemal dynein, found in cilia and flagella, is crucial to cell motility, for example in spermatozoa, and fluid transport, for ... and dynein, which moves cargo inside cells towards the nucleus and produces the axonemal beating of motile cilia and flagella ... Kinesins and cytoplasmic dyneins play essential roles in intracellular transport such as axonal transport and in the formation ...
Intraflagellar transport
... motor is cytoplasmic dynein 1b. IFT particles carry axonemal subunits to the site of assembly at the tip of the axoneme; thus, ... Intraflagellar transport or IFT is a bidirectional motility along axonemal microtubules that is essential for the formation ( ... IFT is necessary for axonemal growth. Therefore, since the axoneme needs a continually fresh supply of proteins, an axoneme ... or anterograde movement is powered by kinesin-2 while the inward or retrograde movement is powered by cytoplasmic dynein 2/1b. ...
DNAI2
Dynein intermediate chain 2, axonemal, also known as axonemal dynein intermediate chain 2, is a protein that in humans is ... The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the dynein intermediate chain family, and is part of the dynein complex of ... "Entrez Gene: dynein". Pennarun G, Chapelin C, Escudier E, Bridoux AM, Dastot F, Cacheux V, Goossens M, Amselem S, Duriez B ( ... "DNAI2 mutations cause primary ciliary dyskinesia with defects in the outer dynein arm". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 83 (5): 547-58. doi: ...
Congenital mirror movement disorder
... dynein axonemal light chain 4), and RAD51 (recombination protein A). DCC encodes a receptor for NTN1 (netrin-1), a protein ... "Identification of a homozygous splice site mutation in the dynein axonemal light chain 4 gene on 22q13.1 in a large ... DNAL4 encodes a component of dynein motor complex in commissural neurons of the corpus callosum. In contrast to DCC, DNAL4 is ...
Sperm motility
The axoneal bend movement is based on the active sliding of axonemal doublet microtubules by the molecular motor dynein, which ... Dyneins on the two sides of the central pair apparatus are regulated in an opposite way by an activation/disactivation game ... The bending of the flagellum is due to subsequent cycles of dynein arm attachment, generation of force and detachment on the B ... The binding of the axoneme is the result of the presence of a resistance to the microtubule sliding generated by dynein. ...
Molecular machine
... and dynein, which moves cargo inside cells towards the nucleus and produces the axonemal beating of motile cilia and flagella ...
Cilium
The axoneme acts as a scaffold for axonemal inner and outer dynein arms that move motile cilia, and provides tracks for ... The dynein in the axoneme forms bridges between neighbouring microtubule doublets. When ATP activates the motor domain of ... It is of similar structure to the primitive cilium in having no central apparatus, but it does possess dynein arms that enable ... The beating motion is created by dynein arm structures the sliding of outer doublets, and originates in the axoneme, not at the ...
IFT140
... cell-cell junctions and axonemal dynein assembly. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000187535 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: ...
Dynein
... cytoplasmic dyneins and axonemal dyneins, which are also called ciliary or flagellar dyneins. axonemal heavy chain: DNAH1, ... The regulation of axonemal dynein activity is critical for flagellar beat frequency and cilia waveform. Modes of axonemal ... Mechanical forces on the axoneme also affect axonemal dynein function. The heavy chains of inner and outer arms of axonemal ... Thioredoxins associated with the other axonemal dynein arms are oxidized/reduced to regulate where dynein binds in the axoneme ...
Axoneme
The dynein arms, for example, are motor complexes that produce the force needed for bending. Each dynein arm is anchored to a ... Axonemal doublet microtubules assemble from the ends of nine centriolar/basal body triplet microtubules, whose ninefold ... No dynein arms are found on the outer doublet microtubules, and there is no pair of central microtubule singlets. This ... The axonemal cytoskeleton acts as a scaffolding for various protein complexes and provides binding sites for molecular motor ...
Molecular machine
... and dynein, which moves cargo inside cells towards the nucleus and produces the axonemal beating of motile cilia and flagella ...
Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 14
Two major classes of dyneins, axonemal and cytoplasmic, have been identified. DNAH14 is an axonemal dynein heavy chain (DHC) ( ... Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAH14 gene. Dyneins are microtubule-associated ... "Entrez Gene: Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 14". Vaughan KT, Mikami A, Paschal BM, Holzbaur EL, Hughes SM, Echeverri CJ, Moore ... KJ, Gilbert DJ, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Vallee RB (August 1996). "Multiple mouse chromosomal loci for dynein-based motility". ...
Flagellum
Each of the outer 9 doublet microtubules extends a pair of dynein arms (an "inner" and an "outer" arm) to the adjacent ... Intraflagellar transport, the process by which axonemal subunits, transmembrane receptors, and other proteins are moved up and ... and eukaryotic flagella is that the bacteria and archaea do not have microtubules or dynein in their flagella, and eukaryotes ... do have microtubules and dynein in the structure of their flagella. Other differences among these three types are: Bacterial ...
Disc shedding
"Rhodopsin's carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic tail acts as a membrane receptor for cytoplasmic dynein by binding to the dynein light ... However, the Cornell researchers suggest that some of the axonemal vesicles were directly shipped from the IS through the ...
Sensenbrenner syndrome
These complexs are involved in the coordinated movement of macromolecular cargo from the basal body along axonemal microtubules ... is driven by kinesin-2 while the retrograde movement of particles back to the cell body is driven by cytoplasmic dynein 1b/2[ ...
Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 14 - Wikipedia
Two major classes of dyneins, axonemal and cytoplasmic, have been identified. DNAH14 is an axonemal dynein heavy chain (DHC) ( ... Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAH14 gene. Dyneins are microtubule-associated ... "Entrez Gene: Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 14". Vaughan KT, Mikami A, Paschal BM, Holzbaur EL, Hughes SM, Echeverri CJ, Moore ... KJ, Gilbert DJ, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Vallee RB (August 1996). "Multiple mouse chromosomal loci for dynein-based motility". ...
dynein heavy chain 5, axonemal isoform X7 [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI
dynein heavy chain 5, axonemal isoform X7 [Homo sapiens] dynein heavy chain 5, axonemal isoform X7 [Homo sapiens]. gi, ... dynein heavy chain 5, axonemal isoform X7 [Homo sapiens]. NCBI Reference Sequence: XP_016864671.1 ... This gene encodes a dynein protein, which is part of a microtubule-associated motor protein complex consisting of heavy, light ...
LC1 - Dynein light chain 1, axonemal - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - LC1 gene & protein
Component of the outer arm dynein (ODA) (PubMed:19620633). May be involved in a mechanosensory feedback mechanism controlling ... ODA activity based on external conformational cues by tethering the outer arm dynein heavy chain (ODA2) to the A-tubule of the ... Part of the multisubunit axonemal ATPase complexes that generate the force for flagellar motility and govern beat frequency ( ... "Identification and analysis of axonemal dynein light chain 1 in primary ciliary dyskinesia patients.". Horvath J., Fliegauf M. ...
DNAL4 - Dynein light chain 4, axonemal - Homo sapiens (Human) - DNAL4 gene & protein
"Identification of a homozygous splice site mutation in the dynein axonemal light chain 4 gene on 22q13.1 in a large ... sp,O96015,DNAL4_HUMAN Dynein light chain 4, axonemal OS=Homo sapiens OX=9606 GN=DNAL4 PE=1 SV=1 ... dynein intermediate chain binding Source: GO_Central ,p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor,/p> ,p>A type of ... dynein light intermediate chain binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestori*21873635 ...
GO AXONEMAL DYNEIN COMPLEX ASSEMBLY
Gene Set: GO_AXONEMAL_DYNEIN_COMPLEX_ASSEMBLY. Standard name. GO_AXONEMAL_DYNEIN_COMPLEX_ASSEMBLY. ... The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an axonemal dynein complex, a dynein complex ... dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 1. 27019. 27019. DNAI1. dynein, axonemal, intermediate chain 1. ... dynein, axonemal, assembly factor 2. 56171. 56171. DNAH7. dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 7. ...
Dynein, axonemal, heavy polypeptide 11 | definition of dynein, axonemal, heavy polypeptide 11 by Medical dictionary
... dynein, axonemal, heavy polypeptide 11 explanation free. What is dynein, axonemal, heavy polypeptide 11? Meaning of dynein, ... axonemal, heavy polypeptide 11 medical term. What does dynein, axonemal, heavy polypeptide 11 mean? ... Looking for online definition of dynein, axonemal, heavy polypeptide 11 in the Medical Dictionary? ... redirected from dynein, axonemal, heavy polypeptide 11) DNAH.bb.11. A gene on chromosome 7p21 that encodes a dynein heavy chain ...
WikiGenes - DNALI1 - dynein, axonemal, light intermediate chain 1
Synonyms: Axonemal dynein light intermediate polypeptide 1, Inner dynein arm light chain, axonemal, P28, dJ423B22.5, hp28 ... Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid cloning and characterization of a putative human axonemal dynein light chain gene. Kastury ... The murine Dnali1 gene encodes a flagellar protein that interacts with the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain 1. Rashid, S., ... was localized in cilia of the trachea as well as in flagella of mature sperm supporting its function as an axonemal dynein [8]. ...
Mechanosignaling between central apparatus and radial spokes controls axonemal dynein activity | JCB
Identification of the outer-inner dynein linker as a hub controller for axonemal dynein activities. Curr. Biol. 23:656-664. doi ... Regulation of Chlamydomonas flagellar dynein by an axonemal protein kinase. J. Cell Biol. 127:1683-1692. doi:10.1083/jcb.127.6. ... Regulation of dynein-driven microtubule sliding by the axonemal protein kinase CK1 in Chlamydomonas flagella. J. Cell Biol. 186 ... To identify the axonemal dyneins that is the downstream effector of the rsp4C-dependent motility restoration in pf6, we ...
Dynein axonemal heavy chain 8 promotes androgen receptor activity and associates with prostate cancer progression.
dnah5 (dynein axonemal heavy chain 5) gene expr... -
Xenbase Expression Image
c14orf104, dynein, axonemal, assembly factor 2 - Creative Biogene
Dynein heavy chain 3, axonemal | definition of dynein heavy chain 3, axonemal by Medical dictionary
What is dynein heavy chain 3, axonemal? Meaning of dynein heavy chain 3, axonemal medical term. What does dynein heavy chain 3 ... axonemal in the Medical Dictionary? dynein heavy chain 3, axonemal explanation free. ... Looking for online definition of dynein heavy chain 3, ... dynein heavy chain 2, axonemal. *dynein heavy chain 3, axonemal ... Dynein heavy chain 3, axonemal , definition of dynein heavy chain 3, axonemal by Medical dictionary https://medical-dictionary. ...
Novel dynein axonemal assembly factor 1 mutations identified using whole‑exome sequencing in patients with primary ciliary...
Dynein axonemal assembly factor 1 (DNAAF1) primarily affects the preassembly of the inner (IDA) and outer (ODA) dynein arms, ... ODA intermediate chain dynein intermediate chain 2 and IDA light chain dynein axonemal light intermediate chain 1 in cilia (6, ... Dynein axonemal assembly factor 1 mutations of the two patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia. ... Dynein axonemal assembly factor 1 mutations of the two patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia. ...
Systematic studies of all PIH proteins in zebrafish reveal their distinct roles in axonemal dynein assembly | eLife
... assigning specific dynein subtypes to each PIH protein. ... roles of all vertebrate PIH family proteins in axonemal dynein ... dynein axonemal heavy chain) genes, we also discuss the organ-specific compositions of axonemal dyneins assembled by PIH ... The ciliary inner dynein arm, I1 dynein, is assembled in the cytoplasm and transported by IFT before axonemal docking * R ... This cytoplasmic preassembly of axonemal dyneins requires various proteins collectively called dynein axonemal assembly factors ...
Figures and data in Systematic studies of all PIH proteins in zebrafish reveal their distinct roles in axonemal dynein assembly...
... assigning specific dynein subtypes to each PIH protein. ... roles of all vertebrate PIH family proteins in axonemal dynein ... A) Summary of the sperm motilities and the axonemal structures of WT and each PIH gene mutant. Abnormal axonemal dyneins are ... Cryo-ET revealed structural defects of axonemal dyneins in mutant spermatozoa.. (A) DMT structure of native zebrafish sperm. ... Red circles indicate the defects of axonemal dyneins. Green, OADs; red, IAD f; orange, IAD a; yellow, IAD b; light-green, IAD c ...
Dnah10 - dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 10 | International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium
Dynein - Wikipedia
Dyneins can be divided into two groups: cytoplasmic dyneins and axonemal dyneins, which are also called ciliary or flagellar ... The regulation of axonemal dynein activity is critical for flagellar beat frequency and cilia waveform. Modes of axonemal ... Thioredoxins associated with the other axonemal dynein arms are oxidized/reduced to regulate where dynein binds in the axoneme ... Axonemal dynein causes sliding of microtubules in the axonemes of cilia and flagella and is found only in cells that have those ...
Dynein heavy chain 14, axonemal
Two major classes of dyneins, axonemal and cytoplasmic, have been identified. DNAH14 is an axonemal dynein heavy chain (DHC) ( ... Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP. Involved in sperm motility ... Dyneins are microtubule-associated motor protein complexes composed of several heavy, light, and intermediate chains. ...
Dynein assembly factor 4, axonemal
The dynein family at a glance | Journal of Cell Science
Dynein-isoform-specific intermediate chains are found in some axonemal dyneins as well as in cytoplasmic dynein 1. Some light ... The LICs, however, are associated with cytoplasmic dynein 1 and dynein 2, but, so far, with no known axonemal dyneins. These ... Cytoplasmic dyneins. Two forms of cytoplasmic dynein have been identified: cytoplasmic dynein 1 and cytoplasmic dynein 2. Both ... are found in cytoplasmic dynein 1 and some, but not all, axonemal dyneins, as well as non-dynein proteins. The LCs, therefore, ...
FLNB - Wikipedia
Dnaaf2 (dynein, axonemal assembly factor 2) - Chinchilla Research Resource Database
This gene encodes a highly conserved protein involved in the preassembly of dynein arm complexes which power cilia. These ... dynein axonemal assembly factor 2) Heterocephalus glaber (naked mole-rat) : Dnaaf2 (dynein axonemal assembly factor 2) more ... dynein axonemal assembly factor 2) HGNC Alliance Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) : Dnaaf2 (dynein, axonemal, assembly factor 2) ... dynein axonemal assembly factor 2) Pan paniscus (bonobo/pygmy chimpanzee) : DNAAF2 (dynein axonemal assembly factor 2) Canis ...
High hydrostatic pressure induces vigorous flagellar beating in Chlamydomonas non-motile mutants lacking the central apparatus ...
... depends on the sliding movements between microtubules powered by dynein. In cilia/flagella of most organisms, microtubule ... Eukaryotic flagella have two types of axonemal dyneins, inner-arm and outer-arm dyneins (IAD and OAD) (Fig. 1a). Previous ... Force-Generating Mechanism of Axonemal Dynein in Solo and Ensemble *Kenta Ishibashi ... Motility of (a) dynein deficient mutants and (b) double mutants lacking central pair and dyneins at high pressure. The mutant ...
DYX1C1 is required for axonemal dynein assembly and ciliary motility<...
DYX1C1 is required for axonemal dynein assembly and ciliary motility. Together they form a unique fingerprint. * Axonemal ... DYX1C1 is required for axonemal dynein assembly and ciliary motility. In: Nature Genetics. 2013 ; Vol. 45, No. 9. pp. 995-1003. ... DYX1C1 is required for axonemal dynein assembly and ciliary motility. Aarti Tarkar, Niki T. Loges, Christopher E. Slagle, ... DYX1C1 is required for axonemal dynein assembly and ciliary motility. / Tarkar, Aarti; Loges, Niki T.; Slagle, Christopher E.; ...
DNAH5 Gene - GeneCards | DYH5 Protein | DYH5 Antibody
Dynein Axonemal Heavy Chain 5, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The ... DNAH5 (Dynein Axonemal Heavy Chain 5) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with DNAH5 include Ciliary Dyskinesia, ... This protein is an axonemal heavy chain dynein. It functions as a force-generating protein with ATPase activity, whereby the ... Dynein heavy chains probably consist of an N-terminal stem (which binds cargo and interacts with other dynein components), and ...
DNAH5 gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH
dynein axonemal heavy chain 5. Enable Javascript to view the expand/collapse boxes.. Printable PDF Open All Close All ... OMIM: DYNEIN, AXONEMAL, HEAVY CHAIN 5. *. Djakow J, Svobodová T, Hrach K, Uhlík J, Cinek O, Pohunek P. Effectiveness of ... dynein complexes are part of structures known as inner dynein arms (IDAs) or outer dynein arms (ODAs) depending on their ... The DNAH5 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is part of a group (complex) of proteins called dynein. This ...
DNAAF4 Gene - GeneCards | DAAF4 Protein | DAAF4 Antibody
Dynein Axonemal Assembly Factor 4, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - ... DYX1C1 is required for axonemal dynein assembly and ciliary motility. (PMID: 23872636) Tarkar A … Omran H (Nature genetics 2013 ... DNAAF4 (Dynein Axonemal Assembly Factor 4) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with DNAAF4 include Ciliary Dyskinesia ... Axonemal dynein assembly factor required for ciliary motility. Involved in neuronal migration during development of the ...
DNAH1 gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH
dynein axonemal heavy chain 1. Enable Javascript to view the expand/collapse boxes.. Open All Close All ... Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP. Required in spermatozoa for ... This gene encodes an inner dynein arm heavy chain that provides structural support between the radial spokes and the outer ... the formation of the inner dynein arms and biogenesis of the axoneme (PubMed:24360805). ...
MedlinePlus: Genes: D
Anti-Dynein heavy chain antibody (ab204048) | Abcam
Rabbit polyclonal Dynein heavy chain antibody. Validated in IHC and tested in Human. Independently reviewed in 1 review(s). ... Dynein axonemal heavy chain 9 antibody. *Dynein axonemal heavy polypeptide 17 like antibody ... Dynein heavy chains probably consist of an N-terminal stem (which binds cargo and interacts with other dynein components), and ... Anti-Dynein heavy chain antibody. See all Dynein heavy chain primary antibodies. ...
Gene15
- Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAH14 gene. (wikipedia.org)
- This gene encodes a dynein protein, which is part of a microtubule-associated motor protein complex consisting of heavy, light, and intermed. (nih.gov)
- A gene on chromosome 7p21 that encodes a dynein heavy chain protein, which attaches to microtubules and hydrolyses ATP to ADP, mediating the movement of respiratory cilia and producing force towards the minus ends of microtubules. (thefreedictionary.com)
- dnah5 (dynein axonemal heavy chain 5) gene expr. (xenbase.org)
- At least five biochemically defined forms of dynein (and even more gene products) can be found in a given type of cilium or flagellum, but correlating dynein genes with specific dynein structures in the axoneme has been a long and challenging process. (biologists.org)
- DNAH5 (Dynein Axonemal Heavy Chain 5) is a Protein Coding gene. (genecards.org)
- The DNAH5 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is part of a group (complex) of proteins called dynein. (nih.gov)
- DNAAF4 (Dynein Axonemal Assembly Factor 4) is a Protein Coding gene. (genecards.org)
- This gene encodes an inner dynein arm heavy chain that provides structural support between the radial spokes and the outer doublet of the sperm tail. (nih.gov)
- Pennarun G, Escudier E, Chapelin C, Bridoux AM, Cacheux V, Roger G, Clément A, Goossens M, Amselem S, Duriez B. Loss-of-function mutations in a human gene related to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii dynein IC78 result in primary ciliary dyskinesia. (medlineplus.gov)
- Cytoplasmic dynein 2 heavy chain 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DYNC2H1 gene . (wikidoc.org)
- Using mutations in the Drosophila cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain gene, Dhc64C, we show that cytoplasmic dynein is required at two stages of oogenesis. (biologists.org)
- This gene is the human homolog of the Chlamydomonas inner dynein arm gene, p28. (abnova.com)
- Kartagener Syndrome, also known as dextrocardia-bronchiectasis-sinusitis syndrome , is related to ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 1 and primary ciliary dyskinesia , and has symptoms including headache An important gene associated with Kartagener Syndrome is DNAI1 (Dynein Axonemal Intermediate Chain 1). (malacards.org)
- ARMC4 gene expression is upregulated during ciliogenesis, and we found a predicted interaction with the outer dynein arm protein DNAI2, mutations in which also cause PCD. (bmj.com)
Microtubules18
- The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an axonemal dynein complex, a dynein complex found in eukaryotic cilia and flagella, in which the motor domain heads interact with adjacent microtubules to generate a sliding force which is converted to a bending motion. (broadinstitute.org)
- Positions of outer and inner dynein arms (ODA and IDA), outer doublet microtubules (DMT), radial spokes (RS), central pair microtubules (C1 and C2), and C1a and C1b projections are indicated. (rupress.org)
- Dynein is a family of cytoskeletal motor proteins that move along microtubules in cells . (wikipedia.org)
- Axonemal dynein causes sliding of microtubules in the axonemes of cilia and flagella and is found only in cells that have those structures. (wikipedia.org)
- Cytoplasmic dynein positions the spindle at the site of cytokinesis by anchoring to the cell cortex and pulling on astral microtubules emanating from centrosome . (wikipedia.org)
- The beating of eukaryotic flagella (also called cilia) depends on the sliding movements between microtubules powered by dynein. (nature.com)
- We utilize optical tweezers to examine displacements produced by small numbers of dynein motors located in situ on doublet microtubules from disintegrated mammalian sperm axonemes. (blogspot.com)
- Dynein pulls the microtubules and chromosomes to one end of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
- When the end of the microtubules become to close to the cell membrane, they release a chemical signal that punts the dynein to the other side of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
- [7] Studies of network assembly in spreading fibroblasts and differentiating nerve cells show that particles move along microtubules in a kinesin and dynein -dependent manner, and as spreading continues, the particles polymerize into intermediate filaments. (wikidoc.org)
- The mechanochemical force for motility is provided by dynein arms (large multisubunit ATPase enzymes) that cause the doublet microtubules to slide past each other. (els.net)
- There are two major classes of motor protein associated with movement along microtubules: the kinesins and dyneins. (news-medical.net)
- In contrast to most kinesins, dyneins move across microtubules towards the minus end. (news-medical.net)
- Each dynein molecule constructs a bridge between adjacent microtubules in the axoneme structure. (news-medical.net)
- The beating motion is formed from a siding movement between axoneme microtubules powered by dyneins. (news-medical.net)
- Chromosome movement is aided by the positioning of astral spindle microtubules through minus ended dynein motor proteins with cortical sliding of astral microtubules along stationary dynein possibly taking place during anaphase B. (news-medical.net)
- Other kinesins power movements towards the minus ends of microtubules and are utilized during anaphase along with dyneins. (news-medical.net)
- Axonemal anomalies (absence of external and/or internal dynein arms, central pair of microtubules absence) may be the cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). (deepdyve.com)
Chlamydomonas3
- Most ultrastructural and genetic evidence for subspecialization of the axonemal dyneins has been obtained in studies of the biflagellate green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the ciliate protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis . (biologists.org)
- The diagram depicts the axonemal structures and densities that form the 96 nm repeat seen in longitudinal sections of the Chlamydomonas axoneme. (els.net)
- Regulation of flagellar dynein by an axonemal type-1 phosphatase in Chlamydomonas. (bio.net)
Dnah52
- A T-to-A point mutation in a splice junction of Dnah5 (dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 5) was identified in an ENU screen for recessive cardiovascular development phenotypes in Dr. Cecilia Lo's laboratory, NHLBI Cardiovascular Development Consortium (CvDC). (jax.org)
- It has been suggested that DNAL1 serves a regulatory function for DNAH5 activity in outer dynein arms of sperm flagella, respiratory cilia, and ependymal cilia. (thermofisher.com)
Motility12
- Although it has been reported that the central pair apparatus (CP) and radial spokes (RSs) are important for flagellar motility, the molecular mechanism underlying CP- and RS-mediated dynein regulation has not been identified. (rupress.org)
- Genetic experiments demonstrated that outer dynein arms are the major downstream effectors of CP- and RS-mediated regulation of flagellar motility. (rupress.org)
- Axonemal dyneins function in cellular motility, but the function of DNAH8 in prostate cancer or other cell types has not been reported. (urotoday.com)
- Mutations caused the loss of specific dynein subtypes, which was correlated with abnormal sperm motility. (elifesciences.org)
- We also found organ-specific compositions of dynein subtypes, which could explain the severe motility defects of mutant Kupffer's vesicle cilia. (elifesciences.org)
- Axonemal dynein assembly factor required for ciliary motility. (nih.gov)
- We tested the hypothesis that calcium regulates motility by controlling dynein-driven microtubule sliding and that the central pair and radial spokes are involved in this regulation. (dartmouth.edu)
- We conclude that calcium regulation of flagellar motility involves regulation of dynein-driven microtubule sliding, that calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent kinase II may mediate the calcium signal, and that the central apparatus and radial spokes are key components of the calcium signaling pathway. (dartmouth.edu)
- The results confirm the switching aspect of the prevailing "switch-point" hypothesis but change the view with respect to how dynein activities are coordinated to drive flagellar motility. (sciencemag.org)
- Although the prevailing "switch-point" hypothesis posits that flagellar motility results from periodic switching of spatially restricted, asymmetrical activation of dyneins, no direct evidence has been reported, and how the thousands of dyneins inside a flagellum work together to generate flagellar motility remains elusive. (sciencemag.org)
- The results allowed us to elucidate the distinct roles played by various dyneins and to propose a model for the mechanism that underlies ciliary and flagellar motility. (sciencemag.org)
- Our results revealed three key tenets that are important for generating flagellar motility: (i) The asymmetric distribution of dynein activity on opposite sides of the flagellum results in unidirectional bending, and (ii) the switching of dynein conformations between opposite sides causes the undulating waveform of beating flagella, both of which directly confirmed the switching aspect of the previously proposed switch-point hypothesis. (sciencemag.org)
Polypeptide1
- Each molecule of the dynein motor is a complex protein assembly composed of many smaller polypeptide subunits. (wikipedia.org)
ATPase3
- Dynein has ATPase activity (By similarity). (uniprot.org)
- Dynein axonemal assembly factor 1 (DNAAF1) primarily affects the preassembly of the inner (IDA) and outer (ODA) dynein arms, which are multisubunit ATPase complexes ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- The force-generating ATPase activity of each dynein heavy chain is located in its large doughnut-shaped "head", which is related to other AAA proteins , while two projections from the head connect it to other cytoplasmic structures. (wikipedia.org)
Axoneme9
- Within the core of cilia (the axoneme), dynein complexes are part of structures known as inner dynein arms (IDAs) or outer dynein arms (ODAs) depending on their location. (nih.gov)
- Coordinated movement of the dynein arms causes the entire axoneme to bend back and forth. (nih.gov)
- Required in spermatozoa for the formation of the inner dynein arms and biogenesis of the axoneme (PubMed:24360805). (nih.gov)
- These findings suggest that tension is required for rapid release of dynein following a power stroke and may explain how axonemal dynein is adapted to work in arrays within an axoneme, where cyclical bending patterns require motors to function over a range of sliding velocities. (blogspot.com)
- It has been proposed that the outer arm dyneins of the ciliary axoneme control beat frequency changes, while the many different inner arm dyneins contribute to the waveform. (buffalo.edu)
- The assembly of the axoneme is tightly regulated by the expression of specific genes, by the limited amount of axonemal precursor proteins and by kinase enzymes. (els.net)
- Intraflagellar transport (IFT) involves anterograde and retrograde transport of specific molecules along the axoneme (via kinesin and dynein motors respectively), and it is an essential process for ciliary/flagellar assembly and their signalling functions. (els.net)
- This tension develops as a transverse t ‐force that acts to pull the dynein arms on doublets 1-4 away from their interacting B‐tubules (as in (a) and (b)), locally inhibiting dynein‐driven sliding on one side of the axoneme only and allowing the bend to propagate. (els.net)
- c) Eventually, as the axoneme bends, the t ‐force acts across the axoneme to deform it, pulling apart and inactivating the dyneins on doublets 6-9, and allowing the dynein arms on doublets 1-4 to engage and generate a reverse bend (not shown). (els.net)
Proteins12
- Axonemal proteins from wild-type (wt) and RSP mutant strains were separated by SDS-PAGE and probed with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin, anti-HA, or anti-GFP antibodies. (rupress.org)
- These genes encode proteins that contribute to the synthesis or assembly of axonemes, dyneins, radial spokes or other similar structures. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Our data demonstrate that all vertebrate PIH proteins are differently required for cilia/flagella motions and the assembly of axonemal dyneins, assigning specific dynein subtypes to each PIH protein. (elifesciences.org)
- However, the identities of all of these proteins, and their roles in constructing specific axonemal dynein complexes, is not fully known. (elifesciences.org)
- Studies in algae have suggested that a family of proteins known as PIH (short for protein interacting with Hsp90) helps to construct axonemal dynein complexes. (elifesciences.org)
- Further work on how PIH proteins interact with the axonemal dynein complexes will help us to understand how cells make cilia, and what happens when this process goes wrong. (elifesciences.org)
- All dynein forms that have been identified biochemically are multisubunit proteins. (biologists.org)
- Some light chains are shared between axonemal dyneins, cytoplasmic dynein 1 and other proteins. (biologists.org)
- We propose that the axonemal inner arm dynein heavy chain 7 proteins contribute to the formation of normal ciliary waveform which in turn governs the forward swimming velocity of these cells. (buffalo.edu)
- Some dynein heavy chains either show an abnormal conformation or were replaced by other proteins, possibly minor dyneins. (rupress.org)
- Axonemal dynein are the motor proteins that produce the beating motion within cilia and flagella. (news-medical.net)
- Cytoplasmic dynein is utilized in localizing the spindle poles and during the spindle checkpoint by removing checkpoint proteins from kinetochores. (news-medical.net)
Axonemes5
- In contrast, at pCa4, dynein activity in pf18 and pf15 axonemes was restored to wild-type level. (dartmouth.edu)
- The calcium-induced increase in dynein activity in pf18 axonemes was inhibited by antagonists of calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent kinase II. (dartmouth.edu)
- Axonemes lacking the C1 central tubule ( pf16 ) or lacking radial spoke components ( pf14 and pf17 ) do not exhibit calcium-induced increase in dynein activity in pCa4 buffer. (dartmouth.edu)
- In-depth ultrastructural analyses confirmed a subtle outer dynein arm (ODA) defect in the axonemes of respiratory epithelial cells resembling findings reported in Mns1-deficient mice. (nih.gov)
- In 10- or 11-doublet axonemes, only 3-5 RSs are attached to the CP and the doublet arrangement is distorted most likely because the RSs attached to the CP pull the outer doublets toward the axonemal center. (jove.com)
Chains10
- Dyneins are microtubule-associated motor protein complexes composed of several heavy, light, and intermediate chains. (wikipedia.org)
- A diversity of accessory subunits, referred to as intermediate, light intermediate and light chains are also found associated with the dyneins. (biologists.org)
- Dynein-isoform-specific intermediate chains are found in some axonemal dyneins as well as in cytoplasmic dynein 1. (biologists.org)
- Isoform-specific light intermediate chains are associated with both cytoplasmic dyneins but not with axonemal dyneins. (biologists.org)
- To test the role of one of these inner arm dynein heavy chains, Dyh7p, a knockout mutant was generated by targeted biolistic transformation of the vegetative macronucleus. (buffalo.edu)
- Dynein heavy chains probably consist of an N-terminal stem (which binds cargo and interacts with other dynein components), and the head or motor domain. (abcam.com)
- The alternating activity of the paired heavy chains in the complete cytoplasmic dynein motor enables a single dynein molecule to transport its cargo by "walking" a considerable distance along a microtubule without becoming completely detached. (wikipedia.org)
- The eight inner arm dynein heavy chains regulate and determine flagellar waveform. (rupress.org)
- the six single-headed dynein heavy chains (dyneins a-e and g) are roughly collinear, whereas the heterodimer dynein f, also called I1, is at a closer distance to the A-tubule. (rupress.org)
- Cytoplasmic dynein has a similar structure to basic kinesins with two globular heads involved in the "walking" movement and light chains for attaching cargo. (news-medical.net)
Radial8
- One system involves the central pair microtubule complex and radial spokes and the second system involves the outer dynein arms. (uniprot.org)
- Nevertheless, there was a hint of heterogeneity or flexibility in our structure in that the density of dynein b/g adjacent to radial spoke S1 was weaker compared with that of other inner arm dyneins. (rupress.org)
- Methods 82 exons and intron/exon junctions in DNAH11 were sequenced in 163 unrelated patients with a clinical phenotype of PCD, including those with normal ciliary ultrastructure (n=58), defects in outer and/or inner dynein arms (n=76), radial spoke/central pair defects (n=6), and 23 without definitive ultrastructural results, but who had situs inversus (n=17), or bronchiectasis and/or low nasal nitric oxide (n=6). (bmj.com)
- None of the patients with dynein arm or radial spoke/central pair defects, or isolated situs abnormalities, had mutations in DNAH11 . (bmj.com)
- Attached to the A‐tubules are the outer dynein arms (ODA), the inner dynein arms (IDA), the radial spokes (RS) and the nexin‐dynein regulatory complex (N‐DRC), which extends to the neighbouring outer doublet. (els.net)
- The two radial spokes, S1 and S2, are positioned just below I1 dynein and the N‐DRC (green), respectively. (els.net)
- The beating of cilia and flagella depends on many biochemical factors including the different effects of outer versus inner dynein arm motors, the DRC (dynein regulatory complex) and DRC-radial spoke interactions mediated by kinases. (els.net)
- The CP is thought to regulate axonemal dyneins through interaction with radial spokes (RSs). (jove.com)
Mutations4
- In two of the seven patients with PCD, four novel dynein axonemal assembly factor 1 (DNAAF1) mutations were identified (NM_178452.6:c.3G>A, c.124+1G>C, c.509delG and c.943A>T) in three alleles. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Early in oogenesis, dynein mutations disrupt spindle orientation in dividing cysts and block oocyte determination. (biologists.org)
- however, some patients have clinical manifestations of PCD and low levels of nasal nitric oxide, but normal ultrastructure, including a few patients with biallelic mutations in dynein axonemal heavy chain 11 ( DNAH11 ). (bmj.com)
- Loss-of-function mutations in ARMC4 cause PCD with situs inversus and cilia immotility, associated with a loss of the distal outer (but not inner) dynein arms. (bmj.com)
Sperm3
- A technique called cryo-electron microscopy enabled the axonemal dynein complexes in the tails of the sperm produced by the zebrafish to be visualized. (elifesciences.org)
- The sperm from each mutant lacked specific axonemal dynein complexes, revealing that each PIH protein assembles different complexes. (elifesciences.org)
- Sea urchin sperm flagella have also been used for biochemical analysis of axonemal dyneins, but limited work has been performed in vertebrates. (biologists.org)
Antibody1
- There are no publications for Dynein intermediate chain 2 Antibody (H00064446-M01UV). (novusbio.com)
Light chain2
- The other projection, the extended tail, binds to the light intermediate, intermediate and light chain subunits which attach dynein to its cargo. (wikipedia.org)
- Belongs to the dynein light chain Tctex-type family. (abcam.com)
Doublet4
- The outer doublet also attaches inner-arm dynein (IAD) and outer-arm dynein (OAD) projecting toward the adjacent doublet, which drive sliding between outer doublets to produce axonemal beating 2 . (nature.com)
- All axonemal dyneins are stably associated with the complete microtubule (the A microtubule) of the outer doublet and aligned as rows along the outer or inner side of the A microtubule. (biologists.org)
- Each of the flagellar dyneins interacts with the B microtubule of the adjacent outer doublet. (biologists.org)
- Among these, one heavy chain (dynein c) is missing on one microtubule doublet (this doublet also lacks the outer dynein arm), and another dynein heavy chain (dynein b or g) is missing on the adjacent doublet. (rupress.org)
Complexes2
- These flagellar complexes then attach to the IFT machinery, which includes the IFT motors (kinesin in orange and dynein in red) and IFT particles (blue), for transport into the flagellum and subsequent assembly into the flagellar structure. (els.net)
- C14orf104 encodes a highly conserved protein involved in the preassembly of dynein arm complexes which power cilia. (antikoerper-online.de)
Defects1
- This addition of ARMC4 to the list of genes associated with ciliary outer dynein arm defects expands our understanding of the complexities of PCD genetics. (bmj.com)
ODAs1
- C. reinhardtii flagella have outer dynein arms (ODAs) on only eight out of nine doublets ( Hoops and Witman, 1983 ). (rupress.org)
Human cytoplasmic dynein2
- Human Cytoplasmic Dynein 2 Domains. (wikipedia.org)
- Shown is the order of regions of interest for human cytoplasmic dynein 2 motor domains as they occur from the Linker to C-terminal. (wikipedia.org)
Cytoplasmic dynein motor1
- These results provide evidence for a novel developmental role for the cytoplasmic dynein motor in cellular determination and differentiation. (biologists.org)
Molecule1
- Most, but not all, of these subunits are associated with the cargo-binding base of the dynein molecule. (biologists.org)
Subunits1
- Cytoplasmic and axonemal dynein contain some of the same components, but they also contain some unique subunits. (wikipedia.org)
Microtubule motor1
- The localization of dynein in mitotic cysts suggests spindle orientation is mediated by the microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein. (biologists.org)
Kinesin and dynein1
- Whereas myosin uses actin polymers to carry out its tasks, kinesin and dynein are microtubule-associated motors. (biologists.org)
Structures2
- pih1d1 , pih1d2 , ktu , and twister , and analyzed the structures of axonemal dyneins in mutant spermatozoa by cryo-electron tomography. (elifesciences.org)
- Three families of cytoskeletal motor protein - the myosins, kinesins and dyneins - have evolved to mediate transport of cells and of structures and materials within cells in eukaryotes. (biologists.org)
Genes1
- 1994). "Phylogeny and expression of axonemal and cytoplasmic dynein genes in sea urchins" . (wikidoc.org)
Cilia and flagella1
- Dynein transports various cellular cargos , provides forces and displacements important in mitosis , and drives the beat of eukaryotic cilia and flagella . (wikipedia.org)