Avicennia
Combretaceae
A study of some biochemical and histopathological responses of wet-stored recalcitrant seeds of Avicennia marina infected by Fusarium moniliforme. (1/46)
Although fungi cause a recognized problem during storage of recalcitrant seeds of many tropical species, there are no data to date on defence strategies of these seeds against fungal attack. To ascertain whether recalcitrant seeds of Avicennia marina elaborate compounds that might suppress fungal proliferation during hydrated storage, the production and efficacy of beta-1,3-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.39) and chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14) were studied in relation to histopathological changes. Freshly harvested seeds had low beta-1,3-glucanase and chitinase activities and fluorescence microscopy revealed progressive deterioration of the internal tissues of these seeds associated with fungal infection during hydrated storage. In seeds treated to minimize associated fungi (clean seeds), beta-1,3-glucanase and chitinase activities increased significantly during 10 d of hydrated storage. Similar high levels of activity were observed when these seeds were experimentally infected with Fusarium moniliforme and subjected to further storage. The histopathological observations indicated delayed disease development in the 10-d clean-storage period, although the hypersensitive response was not observed. The results suggest that, although the recalcitrant seeds of A. marina elaborate some antifungal enzymes, there is a lack of effective defence strategies that might lead to successful responses against fungal infections. (+info)Genetic variation of Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. (Avicenniaceae) in Vietnam revealed by microsatellite and AFLP markers. (2/46)
Genetic variation of Avicennia marina in the costal area of Vietnam was examined using microsatellite and AFLP markers. By using five microsatellite loci a total of 21 alleles were detected. The average number of alleles per locus per population ranged from 1.667 to 3.000. The observed heterozygosity varied from 0.180 to 0.263, with an average of 0.210 indicating relatively low level of genetic variation comparing to the previous studies on A. marina in the worldwide range. The expected heterozygosity was larger than the observed heterozygosity leading to positive inbreeding coefficients in all the six populations. Highly significant departures from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium were detected in four populations. AFLP analysis revealed a total of 386 loci, of which 232 (60.1%) were polymorphic. In congruent with microsatellite markers relatively low levels of genetic variation were detected at both gene and nucleotide levels (H = 0.086; pi = 0.0054). Reduced level of genetic variation was found in the central population, and in the southern populations. Both microsatellite and AFLP markers revealed large genetic differentiation (F(ST) = 0.262 and 0.338, respectively) indicating strong genetic structure among regional populations. Pairwise genetic distance by AFLP showed two populations in the north and the other two in the south are closely related each other. (+info)Correlation between anammox activity and microscale distribution of nitrite in a subtropical mangrove sediment. (3/46)
The distribution of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in nature has been addressed by only a few environmental studies, and our understanding of how anammox bacteria compete for substrates in natural environments is therefore limited. In this study, we measure the potential anammox rates in sediment from four locations in a subtropical tidal river system. Porewater profiles of NO(x)(-) (NO2- plus NO3-) and NO2- were measured with microscale biosensors, and the availability of NO2- was compared with the potential for anammox activity. The potential rate of anammox increased with increasing distance from the mouth of the river and correlated strongly with the production of nitrite in the sediment and with the average concentration or total pool of nitrite in the suboxic sediment layer. Nitrite accumulated both from nitrification and from NO(x)(-) reduction, though NO(x)(-) reduction was shown to have the greatest impact on the availability of nitrite in the suboxic sediment layer. This finding suggests that denitrification, though using NO2- as a substrate, also provides a substrate for the anammox process, which has been suggested in previous studies where microscale NO2- profiles were not measured. (+info)Global voices of science: Mangroves, fishponds, and the quest for sustainability. (4/46)
Aquaculture, the farming of shrimp and other useful aquatic and marine plants and animals in artificially confined and tended ponds, pens, and cages, ranks as a phenomenal success story in global food production. In 1975, aquaculture contributed 8% to the overall yield of the world's fish harvest; now it provides more than one-third of the yield. Total aquaculture production in 2003 was 54.8 million metric tons valued at 67.3 billion in U.S. dollars. More than 90% of this output comes from Asia, where aquaculture has its origins and where this month's essay author has lived and worked all of her life. In her essay, Jurgenne H. Primavera, senior scientist of the Aquaculture Department of the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center based in Iloilo, Central Philippines, traces the recent history of aquaculture and the socioeconomic and environmental challenges that its rapid growth has wrought, especially for the mangrove ecosystems in which much of brackishwater pond aquaculture occurs. With an eye on all stakeholders, Primavera lays out how aquaculture is now falling short of the goal of sustainability and what steps might be taken to move the industry in that direction. (+info)Factors contributing to dwarfing in the mangrove Avicennia marina. (5/46)
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In Richards Bay, South Africa, Avicennia marina frequently exhibits a distinct productivity gradient, with tree height decreasing markedly from 6-10 m in the fringe zone to <1.5 m in the dwarf zone which is 120 m inland at a slightly higher elevation. In this investigation, soil physico-chemical conditions between fringe and dwarf A. marina were compared and the constraints imposed by any differences on mangrove ecophysiology and productivity determined. METHODS: Soil and plant samples were analysed for inorganic ions using spectrophotometry. Gas exchange measurements were taken with an infrared gas analyser and chlorophyll fluorescence with a fluorometer. Xylem psi was determined with a pressure chamber and chlorophyll content with a chlorophyll absorbance meter. RESULTS: In the dwarf site, soil salinity, total cations, electrical conductivity and soil concentrations of Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Zn(2+), Mn(2+) and Cu(2+) were significantly higher than those in the fringe zone. Soil water potential and the concentration of soil P, however, were significantly lower in the dwarf site. In the leaves, Na(+) was the predominant ion and its concentration was 24 % higher in dwarf than fringe mangroves. Leaf concentrations of K(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Mn(2+) and P, however, were significantly lower in dwarf mangroves. Photosynthetic performance, measured by gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence, was significantly reduced in the dwarf plants. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that hydro-edaphic factors contribute to high soil salinities, low water potentials, water stress and ion imbalance within tissues including P deficiency, which in interaction, contribute to dwarfing in Avicennia marina. (+info)Analysing ethnobotanical and fishery-related importance of mangroves of the East-Godavari Delta (Andhra Pradesh, India) for conservation and management purposes. (6/46)
Mangrove forests, though essentially common and wide-spread, are highly threatened. Local societies along with their knowledge about the mangrove also are endangered, while they are still underrepresented as scientific research topics. With the present study we document local utilization patterns, and perception of ecosystem change. We illustrate how information generated by ethnobiological research can be used to strengthen the management of the ecosystem. This study was conducted in the Godavari mangrove forest located in the East-Godavari District of the state Andhra Pradesh in India, where mangroves have been degrading due to over-exploitation, extensive development of aquaculture, and pollution from rural and urbanized areas (Kakinada).One hundred interviews were carried out among the fisherfolk population present in two mangrove zones in the study area, a wildlife sanctuary with strong conservation status and an adjacent zone. Results from the interviews indicated that Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh., a dominant species in the Godavari mangroves, is used most frequently as firewood and for construction. Multiple products of the mangrove included the bark of Ceriops decandra (Griff.) Ding Hou to dye the fishing nets and improve their durability, the bark of Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco to poison and catch fish, and the leaves of Avicennia spp. and Excoecaria agallocha L. as fodder for cattle. No medicinal uses of true mangrove species were reported, but there were a few traditional uses for mangrove associates. Utilization patterns varied in the two zones that we investigated, most likely due to differences in their ecology and legal status. The findings are discussed in relation with the demographic and socio-economic traits of the fisherfolk communities of the Godavari mangroves and indicate a clear dependency of their livelihood on the mangrove forest.Reported changes in the Godavari mangrove cover also differed in the two zones, with significantly less perceptions of a decrease in the protected area, as compared to the adjacent non-protected area. A posteriori comparisons between sequential satellite imagery (retrospective till 1977) and respondents that were at least 15 years back then, revealed a mangrove decrease which was however perceived to different extents depending on the area with which the fishermen were familiar. While local needs had not been incorporated in the existing policy, we created a framework on how data on ethnobotanical traditions, fishery-related activities and local people's perceptions of change can be incorporated into management strategies. (+info)Paleoenvironment interpretation of a 1760 years B.P. old sediment in a mangrove area of the Bay of Guanabara, using pollen analysis. (7/46)
A sediment sample was obtained at 122 cm from the top of a drilling core in the Guapimirim mangrove, Bay of Guanabara, and analyzed using pollen analysis. This muddy core reached a sandy ground at 133 cm. 14C datation got the age of 1760 +/- 50 years B.P. The most frequent pollen grains were mangrove species of Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa and Avicennia schaueriana. "Restinga" and tropical rain forest vegetation was recognized behind the mangrove. After the last sea transgression at 2500 years B.P., the water level lowered to its actual size, allowing the installation of this mangrove. (+info)Purification and partial characterization of an acidic polysaccharide with complement fixing ability from the stems of Avicennia marina. (8/46)
An acidic polysaccharide fraction that had high anticomplementary activity was isolated from the stems of Grey Mangrove in 0.15% yield. The final fractions was designated HAM-3-IIb-II. The polysaccharide fraction appeared to be homogenous by high performance size exclusion chromatography with an estimated molecular weight of 105 kDa. The isolated polysaccharide is more effective than polysaccharide K (PSK) in its anticomplementary activity at 58 microg/ml of PSK and 23 microg/ml of HAM-3-IIb-II that inhibit 50% of complement activity in the complement fixation assay. Structural studies indicated that HAM-3-IIb-II was rich in galacturonic acid along with arabinose, galactose and rhamnose, characterizing a pectin-type polysaccharide, which was also confirmed by FT-IR spectrum. The presence of rich neutral sugar side chains of arabinogalactans may have contributed to the expression of high activity. Traditionally, this mangrove plant is used for medicinal purposes and it appears to have some scientific applications. (+info)
Avicennia
... alba Blume Avicennia balanophora Stapf & Moldenke Avicennia bicolor Standl. Avicennia germinans (L.) L. Avicennia ... Avicennia officinalis L. Avicennia schaueriana Stapf & Leechm. ex Moldenke Avicennia tonduzii Moldenke "Genus: Avicennia L." ... Media related to Avicennia at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Avicennia at Wikispecies Avicennia in BoDD - Botanical ... Species of Avicennia occur worldwide south of the Tropic of Cancer. The taxonomic placement of Avicennia is contentious. In ...
Avicennia rumphiana
Api-api bulu: Avicennia rumphiana Wild fact sheets. Retrieved 2012-02-08. Api-api bulu: Avicennia rumphiana Mangrove and ... As of March 2022[update], Plants of the World Online considered it to be only a variety of Avicennia marina, Avicennia marina ... Avicennia rumphiana is a fast-growing species and one of the first to colonize new areas. The IUCN Red List of Threatened ... Avicennia rumphiana is one of a number of species of mangrove planted for coastal defence. The timber is used for building ...
Avicennia officinalis
... is found sporadically on the banks of rivers and rarely found near the sea. It prefers clay soil and ... Avicennia officinalis is a species of mangrove also known as Indian mangrove. It is named after the famous Iranian scientist ... The flower, the largest among the Avicennia species has a diameter of 6 to 10 mm when expanded. It is orange yellow to lemon ... Media related to Avicennia marina subsp. marina at Wikimedia Commons (Articles with short description, Short description is ...
Avicennia alba
... is a species of tropical mangrove in the family Acanthaceae. It is found growing in coastal and estuarine ... Api-api putih Avicennia alba Wild fact sheets. Retrieved 2012-02-09. Species of Higher Marine Fungi Archived 2013-04-22 at the ... Api-api Putih (Avicennia alba) The Tide Chaser. Retrieved 2012-02-08. Api Api Putih Mangrove and Wetland Wildlife at Sungei ... "Avicennia alba Blume". Atlas of Living Australia.[permanent dead link] (Webarchive template wayback links, Articles with short ...
Avicennia marina
Data related to Avicennia marina at Wikispecies Media related to Avicennia marina at Wikimedia Commons "Avicennia marina ( ... Avicennia marina was known in New Zealand as Avicennia resinifera until recently; its Māori name is mānawa. Duke, N.; ... Avicennia lanata Ridl., Avicennia rumphiana Hallier f. It is distributed along Africa's east coast, south-west, south and south ... In New Zealand, Avicennia marina is the only mangrove species. It grows in the top half of the North Island, between 34 and 38 ...
Avicennia germinans
Media related to Avicennia germinans at Wikimedia Commons Interactive Distribution Map of Avicennia germinans Archived 2017-07- ... "Avicennia germinans". Retrieved 2019-05-10. Madrid, Eric N.; Armitage, Anna R.; López-Portillo, Jorge (2014). "Avicennia ... 06 at the Wayback Machine Avicennia germinans in West African plants - A Photo Guide. Data related to Avicennia germinans at ... Avicennia germinans, the black mangrove, is a shrub or small tree growing up to 12 meters (39 feet) in the acanthus family, ...
Gibberula mariscali
Avicennia. 19: 99-120. Retrieved 13 June 2020. Gibberula mariscali Espinosa & Ortea, 2007. Retrieved through: World Register of ...
Gibberula raquelae
Avicennia. 22: 32-44. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with ' ...
Gibberula madbelono
Avicennia. 20: 23-32. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with ' ...
Mitromorpha sanctaluciaensis
Avicennia. 20: 33-34. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Use dmy dates from ...
Gibberula eloinae
Avicennia. 19: 99-120. Retrieved 13 June 2020. Gibberula eloinae Espinosa & Ortea, 2007. Retrieved through: World Register of ...
Prunum cahuitaense
Avicennia. 16, 121-128 v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Use dmy dates from ... Avicennia 16: 121-128. World Register of Marine Species, Retrieved 24 April 2010. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. ...
Gibberula
Avicennia. 26: 41-54. page(s): 46, pls 5-6 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gibberula. (CS1: long volume value, CS1 ... Avicennia 10/11:165-176. Gofas, Serge. 1987. Le Genre Gibberula (Marginellidae) en Mediterranee. Atti del II Congresso Societa ... Avicennia. 12/13: 95-114. Espinosa, Jose; Ortea, Jesús Ángel (2002). "Nuevas especies de margineliformes de Cuba, Bahamas y el ... Avicennia. 19: 99-120. Retrieved 13 June 2020. Espinosa, José; Ortea, Jesús Ángel (2000). "Descripción de un género y once ...
Crassispira quadrifasciata
Avicennia. 21: 59-67 Tucker, J.K. (2004). "Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 682: 1- ...
Eubranchus vascoi
Avicennia. 15: 91-100. Caballer, M.; Gofas, S. (2015). Eubranchus vascoi Ortea, Caballer & Moro, 2002. In: MolluscaBase (2015 ...
Gibberula baisrei
Avicennia. 19: 99-120. Retrieved 13 June 2020. Gibberula baisrei Espinosa & Ortea, 2007. Retrieved through: World Register of ...
Osvaldoginella hoffi
Avicennia. 23: 45-50 v t e v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with ...
Polystira cubacaribbaea
Avicennia. 20: 35-40. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with ' ...
Tritonia hirondelle
Avicennia. 27: 29-34. MolluscaBase (2018). Tritonia hirondelle Ortea & Moro, 2020. Accessed on 2021-01-11. Gosliner, Terrence; ...
Antillotrecha
Avicennia. 1: 1-5. "Antillotrecha Armas, 1994". World Solifugae Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. 2022. Retrieved 15 ...
Intelcystiscus yemayae
Avicennia. 16: 143-156. Intelcystiscus yemayae Espinosa & Ortea, 2003. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on ...
Gibberula nuryana
Avicennia. 22: 19-28. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with ' ...
Polystira juangrinensis
Avicennia. 20: 35-40. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with ' ...
Falsuszafrona belkisae
Avicennia. 19, 63-88 v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Use dmy dates from ... Espinosa, Ortea, Fernandez-Garcés & Moro (2007). Avicennia 19 : 63-88. World Register of Marine Species, Retrieved 17 April ...
Pygmaepterys germainae
Avicennia. 20: 41-44. Garrigues B. & Lamy D. (2019). Inventaire des Muricidae récoltés au cours de la campagne MADIBENTHOS du ...
Gibberula nilsi
Avicennia. 19: 99-120. Retrieved 13 June 2020. Gibberula nilsi Espinosa & Ortea, 2007. Retrieved through: World Register of ...
Gibberula marioi
Avicennia. 12/13: 95-114. Gibberula marioi Espinosa & Ortea, 2000. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 24 ...
List of gastropods described in the 2000s
Avicennia. 17: 71-76. Sterba & Lorenz. (2005). Visaya 1(3): 43-46. Hausdorf, B. (2005). "The Genus Lilloiconcha in Colombia ( ...
Mitromorpha jaguaensis
Avicennia. 20: 33-34. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Use dmy dates from ...
Gibberula macarioi
Avicennia. 18: 1-83. Retrieved 20 June 2020. Gibberula macarioi Espinosa & Ortea, 2006. Retrieved through: World Register of ...
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Avicennia marina Entry term(s). Avicennia marinas Grey Mangrove Grey Mangroves Mangrove, Grey Mangroves, Grey marina, Avicennia ... Avicennia Entry term(s):. Avicennia marina. Avicennia marinas. Avicennias. Black Mangrove. Black Mangroves. Grey Mangrove. Grey ... Avicennia - Preferred Concept UI. M0400457. Scope note. A plant genus of the family Acanthaceae. Members contain ... Avicennia marina - Narrower Concept UI. M000602771. Preferred term. ...
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Avian flightAdvantages of flightBirds have developed the power of flight to an extraordinary degree that sets them apart from other vertebrates, and they have done it with minimal loss of other forms of locomotion. Unlike bats, most birds can walk and run, and many can swim and dive well enough to catch fish and squid. Migrating birds fly airline distances over mountains, seas, and deserts, and thus gain access to remote habitats such as the arctic tundra, which are highly productive during a short season, but uninhabitable for several months of the year. Source for information on Avian Flight: Grzimeks Animal Life Encyclopedia dictionary.
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در کشور ایران و سواحل جنوبی شامل استان-های بوشهر، هرمزگان و سیستان بلوچستان؛ درخت حرا (Avicennia marina) و چندل (Rhizophora ... در کشور ایران و سواحل جنوبی شامل استان-های بوشهر، هرمزگان و سیستان بلوچستان؛ درخت حرا (Avicennia marina) و چندل (Rhizophora ... Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata are the only mangrove species. Humans has always been searching for agents to cure ... Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata are the only mangrove species. Humans has always been searching for agents to cure ...
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Climatic changes
Avicennia marina was dominant in those estuaries which had the largest area cover of mangroves and was present in 10 estuaries ... Avicennia marina was dominant in those estuaries which had the largest area cover of mangroves and was present in 10 estuaries ... Avicennia marina (Forrsk.)Vierh. was planted first, followed a few years later by the planting of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) ... Avicennia marina (Forrsk.)Vierh. was planted first, followed a few years later by the planting of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) ...
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While in the pond with vegetation Avicennia the length growth was recorded in the range of 3.9 - 7.8 cm with the average of 6.3 ... Data collection was conducted through experiment involving silvofishery pond with mangrove vegetation Avicennia and Rhizophora ... showed that there were differences on the environment condition on the silvofishery pond with mangrove vegetation Avicennia, ...
Rhizophora3
- Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata are the only mangrove species. (ac.ir)
- Data collection was conducted through experiment involving silvofishery pond with mangrove vegetation Avicennia and Rhizophora and ordinary pond (without vegetation) as comparison. (undip.ac.id)
- The result showed that there were differences on the environment condition on the silvofishery pond with mangrove vegetation Avicennia, Rhizophora and without vegetation. (undip.ac.id)
Mangroves1
- and two adapted to saline sodic deserts, Leptochloa fusca and Leymus chinensis ), trees (several mangroves, especially Avicennia and members of the Rhizophoraceae), and desert succulents (especially Mesembryanthemum crystallinum , Table 1 , Figure 1c ). (biomedcentral.com)
Growth1
- While in the pond with vegetation Avicennia the length growth was recorded in the range of 3.9 - 7.8 cm with the average of 6.3 ± 0.8 cm while the weight was ranged from 5 - 60 gr with the average of 29.3 ± 13.3 gr. (undip.ac.id)