Maternal and developmental toxicity evaluation of melatonin administered orally to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. (1/30)
Melatonin (MEL) is a widely used, over-the-counter sleep aid, and it has putative contraceptive, antioxidant, antiaging, and anticancer effects. The developmental toxicity potential for repeated oral doses of MEL had not previously been evaluated. In the present studies, time-mated, Sprague-Dawley-derived (CD) rats were administered MEL or vehicle by gavage on gestation days (gd) 6-19. MEL-treated groups received 1-, 10-, 100-, 150-, or 200-mg/kg body weight/day in the screening study (15 rats/group), and 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day in the definitive study (25 rats/group). In both studies, maternal food/water consumption, body weight, and clinical signs were monitored at regular intervals throughout gestation. At termination (gd 20, both studies), maternal liver and gravid uterine weights, number of ovarian corpora lutea, conceptus survival, fetal sex, and fetal body weight were evaluated. Fetal morphological examination included external structures (both studies) as well as visceral and skeletal structures (definitive study). In the screening study, maternal serum levels of 17beta-estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and luteinizing hormone were determined by radioimmunoassay, and mammary tissue was fixed, stained, and evaluated for percent glandular area within the fat pad. No maternal morbidity/mortality was found in either study. In the screening study, aversion to treatment (> or =100 mg/kg/day) and reduced maternal weight gain (> or =150 mg/kg/day) were noted, but reproductive/endocrine parameters and fetal development were not affected. In the definitive study, aversion to treatment was noted at > or =50 mg/kg/day, and mild sedation, reduced maternal food intake, and reduced body weight gain were found during initial treatment with 200 mg/kg/day. MEL had no effect on prenatal survival, fetal body weight, or incidences of fetal malformations/variations. Thus, in the definitive study, the maternal toxicity NOAEL and LOAEL were 100 and 200 mg/kg/day, respectively, and the developmental toxicity NOAEL was > or =200 mg/kg/day. (+info)Paradigm to test a drug-induced aversion to ethanol. (2/30)
The screening of new agents for aversive therapy of alcoholism requires a simple animal model. Animals trained to ingest ethanol solutions and subsequently administered a drug known to produce an aversion to ethanol in humans, do not readily make the association between the malaise induced by the aversive drug-ethanol reaction and the consumption of the same ethanol-containing solution that has been consumed previously without ill effects. An experimental paradigm is reported in which the malaise of the drug-ethanol reaction is quickly recognized by rats as derived from ethanol. Disulfiram was used as the model drug. Lewis rats were deprived of water for 18 h after which 6% (v/v) ethanol was offered as the only fluid. During the first hour of ethanol access, both controls (vehicle) and disulfiram (100 mg/kg)-treated animals consumed intoxicating amounts of ethanol (0.7-0.9 g ethanol/kg). Plasma acetaldehyde levels developed were 3-5 microM and 40-50 microM in the two groups respectively. After this time, disulfiram-treated animals virtually ceased consuming alcohol (90% inhibition), indicating that the disulfiram-ethanol reaction is associated with alcohol ingestion. Control animals continued consuming the alcohol solution for the additional 4-5 h tested. This model should be of value in the testing of new agents that reduce aldehyde dehydrogenase levels for prolonged periods for their potential as an aversive treatment in alcoholism. (+info)The aversive control of excessive alcohol consumption by chronic alcoholics in the laboratory setting. (3/30)
The efficacy of several methods of aversive control of excessive alcoholic drinking was investigated in a semi-naturalistic setting that permitted objective measurement of the drinking behavior of chronic alcoholics. Studies 1A and 1B compared an excape-conditioning precedure with a control procedure in which aversive electrical shocks were administered before drinking. Neither procedure effectively decreased subjects' pretreatment, baseline alcoholic drinking behavior. In Study 2, aversive response-contingent shocks effectively suppressed alcoholic drinking, but drinking subsequently returned to its former levels after withdrawal of punishment. Self-administered shock appeared to be as effective as experimenter-administered punishment for controlling drinking, even when the punishment contingency was faded out over time. Study 3 replicated the suppressant effect of punishment, and demonstrated that contingent shock was significantly more effective than yoked, noncontingent shock. A direct comparison of self-versus experimenter-administered punishment suggested a possible slight advantage for the latter. (+info)Punishment of self-injurious behavior using aromatic ammonia as the aversive stimulus. (4/30)
Punishment with aromatic ammonia was used to eliminate self-injurious behavior of an autistic woman during experimental sessions. The effects were reversible but were limited to experimental sessions until staff used the ammonia on the ward at all times. (+info)Conditioning taste aversions to locoweed (Oxytropis sericea) in horses. (5/30)
Locoweed (Oxytropis sericea) is a serious poisoning problem for horses grazing on infested rangelands in the western United States. Our objectives were to determine 1) whether lithium chloride or apomorphine would condition aversions to palatable foods, and at what doses, and 2) whether horses could be averted to fresh locoweed in a pen and grazing situation. Apomorphine was not an acceptable aversive agent because at the dose required to condition an aversion (> or = 0.17 mg/kg BW), apomorphine induced unacceptable behavioral effects. Lithium chloride given via stomach tube at 190 mg/kg BW conditioned strong and persistent aversions to palatable feeds with minor signs of distress. Pen and grazing tests were conducted in Colorado to determine if horses could be averted to fresh locoweed. Pen tests indicated that most horses (5/6) were completely averted from locoweed. Treated horses ate 34 g of fresh locoweed compared to 135 g for controls (P < 0.01) during three pen tests when offered 150 g per test. One horse (T) in the treatment group ate locoweed each time it was offered in the pen, but ate no locoweed while grazing. In the grazing trial, control horses averaged 8.6% of bites of locoweed (P < 0.01) during the grazing portion of the study, whereas treated horses averaged <0.5%. One treated horse (S) accounted for all consumption; he consumed 15% of his bites as locoweed in a grazing bout on d 2 of the field study. Thereafter, he was dosed a second time with lithium chloride and ate no locoweed in the subsequent 5 d. Three of six horses required two pairings of lithium chloride with fresh locoweed to condition a complete aversion. The results of this study indicate that horses can be averted from locoweed using lithium chloride as an aversive agent, and this may provide a management tool to reduce the risk of intoxication for horses grazing locoweed-infested rangeland. (+info)Comparison of larkspur alkaloid extract and lithium chloride in maintaining cattle aversion to larkspur in the field. (6/30)
Lithium chloride (LiCl) and larkspur (Delphinium barbeyi) alkaloid extract were compared in their effect as an emetic to create taste aversions to fresh larkspur. They were further compared in the field to determine whether the indigenous larkspur alkaloids were more effective in maintaining the aversion when conditioned cattle were subjected to the social pressure (social facilitation) of control cattle eating larkspur. Taste aversions were produced in two groups of 1-yr-old cattle by offering fresh larkspur and then gavaging with either LiCl at 200 mg/kg of BW or larkspur alkaloid extract at 1.1 to 1.6 mL/kg of BW. The third group (control) was gavaged with water. The alkaloid group was slower to form an aversion than the lithium group, requiring four doses compared with two doses. All groups were then taken to larkspur-infested rangeland to test the aversion in the field. In the first field trial in which groups grazed separately, both aversion-induced groups generally abstained from eating larkspur. In the second trial in which all groups grazed together, both aversion-induced groups consumed less than half as much larkspur as the controls, but neither group abstained completely. Larkspur alkaloids did not maintain the aversion to larkspur to a greater degree than did LiCl when aversion-induced cattle were subjected to social facilitation. (+info)Gentle teaching and applied behavior analysis: a critical review. (7/30)
In recent years, there has been a growing controversy surrounding gentle teaching. This paper explores the nature of this controversy with particular reference to the relationship between gentle teaching and applied behavior analysis. Advantages and disadvantages of this approach are discussed, and it is suggested that gentle teaching and applied behavior analysis need not be regarded as mutually exclusive approaches to working with persons with mental retardation. (+info)Narrative Exposure Therapy as a treatment for child war survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder: two case reports and a pilot study in an African refugee settlement. (8/30)
BACKGROUND: Little data exists on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that has resulted from exposure to war or conflict-related violence, especially in non-industrialized countries. We created and evaluated the efficacy of KIDNET, a child-friendly version of Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET), as a short-term treatment for children. METHODS: Six Somali children suffering from PTSD aged 12-17 years resident in a refugee settlement in Uganda were treated with four to six individual sessions of KIDNET by expert clinicians. Symptoms of PTSD and depression were assessed pre-treatment, post-treatment and at nine months follow-up using the CIDI Sections K and E. RESULTS: Important symptom reduction was evident immediately after treatment and treatment outcomes were sustained at the 9-month follow-up. All patients completed therapy, reported functioning gains and could be helped to reconstruct their traumatic experiences into a narrative with the use of illustrative material. CONCLUSIONS: NET may be safe and effective to treat children with war related PTSD in the setting of refugee settlements in developing countries. (+info)Aversive Therapy is a behavioral treatment approach that utilizes negative reinforcement or unpleasant stimuli to discourage and diminish undesirable behaviors, with the goal of promoting positive alternatives.
Aversive therapy is a behavioral treatment approach that uses negative reinforcement or punishment to help an individual reduce or stop undesirable behaviors. The goal of aversive therapy is to condition the person to associate the undesirable behavior with an unpleasant stimulus, such as a taste, sound, or image, so that they are deterred from engaging in the behavior in the future.
In aversive therapy, the therapist may use several techniques, including:
1. Contingent negative reinforcement: This involves removing a positive reinforcer (a reward) after the undesirable behavior occurs. For example, if a child with a disruptive behavior disorder is given tokens for good behavior that can be exchanged for prizes, and then loses tokens for misbehaving, this is an example of contingent negative reinforcement.
2. Punishment: This involves presenting an unpleasant stimulus immediately after the undesirable behavior occurs. For example, if a person who bites their nails receives a mild electric shock every time they bite their nails, this is an example of punishment.
3. Avoidance conditioning: This involves associating a negative stimulus with a particular situation or object to create an aversion to it. For example, if a person has a phobia of spiders, the therapist may gradually expose them to images or objects associated with spiders while also presenting a mild electric shock. Over time, the person learns to associate the spider-related stimuli with the unpleasant shock and develops an aversion to spiders.
It's important to note that aversive therapy can be controversial due to concerns about potential harm, including physical discomfort or psychological distress. As a result, it is typically used as a last resort when other treatment approaches have been ineffective, and only under the close supervision of a qualified professional who can ensure that the therapy is administered safely and ethically.
Aversion therapy
Lee, Cami R.; Harrington, Kathy; Rockford, Laura; Shah, Nipam; Pruitt, Chris; Grant, Makenzie (July 2020). "Aversive Therapy ... Emetic (to induce vomiting) therapy and faradic (administered shock) aversion therapy have been used to induce aversion for ... Serber, Michael (1970-09-01). "Shame aversion therapy". Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry. 1 (3): 213-215 ... aversion therapy is implemented in the form of shame. The goal in this kind of therapy is to target the individuals who feel ...
Conversion therapy
Cessation of the aversive stimuli was typically accompanied by the presentation of opposite-sex erotic images, with the ... The term "reparative therapy" has been used as a synonym for conversion therapy generally, but according to Jack Drescher it ... Gender exploratory therapy uses talk therapy in an attempt to find pathological roots for gender dysphoria. In a September 2022 ... Gender exploratory therapy, or GET, is a form of conversion therapy in which the administrator attempts to delay transition ( ...
BDSM
Therapists may feel intense disgust and aversive reactions. Feelings of countertransference can interfere with therapy. Another ... This can compromise any therapy. To avoid non-disclosure, therapists are encouraged to communicate their openness in indirect ... Therapists can also deliberately bring up BDSM topics during the course of therapy. With less informed therapists, sometimes ... Wilson, Glenn (2010). "The Sex Fantasy Questionnaire: An update". Sexual and Relationship Therapy. 25 (#1): 68-72. doi:10.1080/ ...
Systemic hypothesising
... and multi-element frameworks therapy with the constructs of family therapy. Whilst systemic consultation is in its infancy ( ... LaVigna & Donnellan (1986). "Alternatives to punishment: Solving behavior problems with non-aversive strategies". New York: ... This may be carried out as a part of the assessment phase therapy In recent years there has been an increasing recognition of ... Systemic consultation, in a similar fashion to family therapy tends to view change in terms of the system of interaction ...
Human sexual response cycle
Basson, R. (2000). "The female sexual response: A different model". Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy 26, 51-65. Levin, R. J ... New York: Bantam Books.[page needed] Both, S., Everaerd, W., Laan, E. (2003). "Modulation of spinal reflexes by aversive and ... Kaplan, H. S. (1974). The New Sex Therapy: Active Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions. New York: Brunner/Mazel, Publishers, Inc. ... Sexual and Relationship Therapy 23(4), 393-399. Rosenberg, M. T., Hazzard, M. A., Tallamn, C. T., & Ohl, D. A. (2006). "Is the ...
Sequent repatterning therapy for misophonia
A Multisensory Conditioned Aversive Reflex Disorder". Frontiers in Psychology. 8. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01975. ISSN 1664-1078 ... which makes it a form of cognitive behavioral therapy. Sequent Repatterning therapy was developed as a specific therapy to help ... This programme consists four distinct phases, categorised as Pre-therapy Foundation Active Therapy Future Pacing and is usually ... and Zoom to deliver therapy remotely, as well as some members of the team meeting with individuals in person, in their therapy ...
Imagery rescripting
"Imagery rescripting as a clinical intervention for aversive memories: A meta-analysis."". Journal of Behavior Therapy and ... The method was fine-tuned through its use in cognitive therapy for PTSD, CBT for nightmares, and schema therapy for personality ... Aaron Beck adapted Perls's technique in his cognitive therapy group in the early 1980s. This brought imagery into mainstream ... Blackwell, S.E. (2021). ""Mental Imagery in the Science and Practice of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy: Past, Present, and Future ...
Disease theory of alcoholism
Sobell, M. B.; Sobell, L. C. (1976). "Second year treatment outcome of alcoholics treated by individualized behavior therapy: ... Caddy, G. R.; Lovibond, S. H. (1976). "Self-regulation and discriminated aversive conditioning in the modification of ... Sobell, M. B.; Sobell, L. C. (1973). "Alcoholics treated by individualized behavior therapy: One year treatment outcomes". ... Results". Behaviour Research and Therapy. 14 (3): 195-215. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(76)90013-9. PMID 962778. Vogler, R. E.; ...
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
EMDR adds a number of non-scientific practices to exposure therapy. EMDR is classified as one of the "power therapies" ... Eye movements and attentional breathing tax working memory and reduce vividness and emotionality of aversive ideation". Journal ... It has been called a purple hat therapy because any effectiveness is provided by the underlying therapy (or the standard ... alongside thought field therapy, Emotional Freedom Techniques and others - so called because these therapies are marketed as ...
Judge Rotenberg Educational Center
The residents were then taken off aversive therapy, rewarded heavily for several days, and asked to perform only tasks that ... the Judge Rotenberg Center and the Continuing Debate over Aversive Therapy". Holy Cross Journal of Law and Public Policy. 14 (1 ... and without a license to use aversives. The institute used aversives on residents there nonetheless. When the institute applied ... Aversives used by the JRC include contingent food programs, long-term restraints, sensory deprivation, and GED shocks. While ...
Covert conditioning
"Dialectical behavior therapy" (DBT) and "Acceptance and commitment therapy" (ACT) uses positive reinforcement and covert ... "Systematic desensitization" associates an aversive stimulus with a behavior that the client wishes to reduce or eliminate. This ... Therapies and self-help methods have aspects of covert conditioning. This can be seen in focusing, some neuro-linguistic ... "Covert negative reinforcement" attempts to increase a behavior by connecting the termination of an aversive stimulus with ...
Homosexuality and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
From the 80s to the 2000s reparative therapy (also called conversion therapy) became the dominant treatment method, and it was ... 90 Teachings later changed as it became clear these self-help and aversive techniques were not working. ... also called conversion therapy or reparative therapy). These current teachings and policies leave homosexual members with the ... No, it's not a therapy. In times past, decades ago, there were some practices to that effect. We have eradicated them in the ...
Behavior analysis of child development
Children with social problems do see an improvement in social skills after behavior therapy and behavior modification (see ... Research also suggests that neglected children are the least interactive and aversive, yet remain relatively unknown in groups ... The World Association for Behavior Analysis has a certification in behavior therapy. The exam draws questions on behavioral ... Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry. 20 (1): 17-29. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(89)90004-9. PMID 2671048. Bijou, ...
Behaviour therapy
Aversion therapy and punishment is a technique in which an aversive (painful or unpleasant) stimulus is used to decrease ... The punishment side of aversion therapy is when an aversive stimulus is presented at the same time that a negative stimulus and ... Examples of the type of negative stimulus or punishment that can be used is shock therapy treatments, aversive drug treatments ... Functional analytic therapy focuses on in-session use of reinforcement and is primarily a relationally-based therapy. As with ...
Executive dysfunction
"Aversive inhibition in adult ADHD and its restoration by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy: A behavioral pilot study" ( ... Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is a frequently suggested treatment for executive dysfunction, but has shown limited ... These included mindfulness training, cognitive based behavioral therapy, as well as education to help the participants ... in a group rehabilitation setting showed a significant increase in positive treatment outcome compared with individual therapy ...
Applied behavior analysis
Some behavior therapies, such as dialectical behavior therapy, make extensive use of behavior chain analysis, but is not ... However, aversives have continued to be used in some ABA programs. In comments made in 2014 to the US Food and Drug ... The use of aversives and reinforcement were used to motivate learning and reduce non-desired behaviors. Early development of ... By the time children were enrolled in this study, such aversives were abandoned, and a loud "no" or a slap to the thigh were ...
Shock therapy (psychiatry)
... or as a painful method of aversive conditioning. It was started in the 1930s. Shock therapy covers multiple forms. Two types of ... Shock therapy has fallen away in use in lieu of other forms of treatment. Shock therapy (disambiguation) "Shock therapy , ... Shock therapy describes a set of techniques used in psychiatry to treat depressive disorder or other illnesses, by inducing ... Convulsive therapy, using pentylenetetrazol or other agents to induce seizures. The first use was with cardiazol by von Meduna ...
Andrew Salter (psychologist)
... with aversive stimuli. This concept pervades the case studies in Conditioned Reflex Therapy. Various academic psychologists ... p. 173) Conditioned Reflex Therapy is widely considered a landmark in the history of behavior therapy. (pp. 202-203) As Kazdin ... Franks, C. (1969). Behavior Therapy: Appraisal and Status. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Perls, F. (1969) Gestalt Therapy Verbatim ... and the origins of behavior therapy with no citation to Salter." (p. 31) Some methods now used in cognitive behavior therapy ( ...
Aversives
Several national and international disability rights groups have spoken against the use of aversive therapies, including TASH ... There are two types of aversive stimuli: Unconditioned aversive stimuli naturally result in pain or discomfort and are often ... aversive stimulus is an initially neutral stimulus that becomes aversive after repeated pairing with an unconditioned aversive ... Aversives can be applied naturally (such as touching a hot stove) or in a contrived manner (such as during torture or behavior ...
Bernard Rimland
Rimland supported chelation therapy, a treatment for lead and heavy metal poisoning, for some children with autism. Neither the ... At least once, he misrepresented the views of his colleagues to make it seem as though they supported aversive when they did ... 1976 Modern Therapies (with Virginia Binder, A. Binder) 1998 Biological Treatments for Autism and PDD (with William Shaw, Lisa ... Parents look to unproven therapies to solve autism". Los Angeles Times. No. Home Edition. p. S.5. International Society for ...
Disulfiram-alcohol reaction
The DAR is key to disulfiram therapy that is widely used for alcohol-aversive treatment and management of other addictions (e.g ... Alcohol intolerance Disulfiram-like drug Mushroom poisoning Elenbaas, R. M. (August 1977). "Drug therapy reviews: management of ... Haddock, Neil F. (March 1982). "Cutaneous Reactions to Lower Aliphatic Alcohols Before and During Disulfiram Therapy". Archives ... Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. 20 (5): 391-392. doi:10.1007/s10557-006-0493-8. PMID 17119876. S2CID 30117045. ProQuest ...
Cognitive behavioral therapy
For instance, glucocorticoids can prevent aversive learning episodes from being retrieved and heighten reinforcement of memory ... acceptance and commitment therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, metacognitive therapy, metacognitive training, reality therapy ... The most prominent therapies of this third wave are dialectical behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. Despite ... Beck has been referred to as "the father of cognitive behavioral therapy". It was these two therapies, rational emotive therapy ...
Son-Rise: A Miracle of Love
... the time was either institutionalization or involvement in a behavior modification-style program that included aversive therapy ... The therapeutic, distraction play therapy progressed into a teaching model called The Son-Rise Program. By 1983, Bears and ...
Paul Gazelka
More recently, he blocked proposals to ban "conversion therapy" for minors in Minnesota, though he has said that he did not ... support "coercive or aversive counseling." Gazelka and his wife once sent their child to an anti-same-sex relationship ... Walz Demand 'Conversion Therapy' Ban". Associated Press News. Gazelka, Paul (2003). Marketplace ministers : awakening God's ... Amid a subsequent Minnesota Senate debate over a proposal to ban conversion therapy, Gazelka's child (now an adult) described ...
Nik & Eva Speakman
The Speakmans use a technique known as Visual Schema Displacement Therapy (VSDT). A non-clinical study into the technique found ... an abbreviated EMDR protocol and a control condition on emotionality and vividness of aversive memories: Two critical analogue ... "What is VSDT?". VSDT, Visual Schema Displacement Therapy. Retrieved 17 August 2020. Matthijsse,Suzy J.M.A; Lucinda M. van ... Beerschoton; Ad de Jongh; Irene G Klugkist; Marcel A. van den Hout (2019). "Effects of "Visual Schema Displacement Therapy" ( ...
Positive affectivity
Watson, David; Clark, Lee Anna (1984). "Negative Affectivity: The Disposition to Experience Aversive Emotional States". ... Behavior Therapy. 48 (6): 820-833. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2017.07.003. PMC 6028186. PMID 29029678. Naragon, K., & Watson, D. (2009 ...
Graduated electronic decelerator
"Autism Shock Therapy Practiced In US Is Torture, Says UN Official". Forbes. Retrieved 2020-08-14. "Inside last facility in the ... "FDA Bans 'Aversive' Shock Treatment". MedPageToday.com. 2020-03-04. Retrieved 2020-07-27. "THE JUDGE ROTENBERG EDUCATIONAL ... Kaufman, Leslie (25 December 2007). "Parents Defend School's Use of Shock Therapy". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 August 2020 ... "School Keeps License to Give Shock Therapy Despite Prank". The Washington Post. Associated Press. Retrieved January 1, 2014. ...
Jennie June (autobiographer)
Conversion therapy can be harmful. Glassgold 2009, p. 91: "As noted previously, early research indicates that aversive ... Reparative Therapy'". lambdalegal.org. Lambda Legal. "Policy and Position Statements on Conversion Therapy". Human Rights ... Today conversion therapy is seen as ineffective and highly abusive.[excessive citations] June's third doctor was an alienist ... There is a growing body of evidence that conversion therapy not only does not work, but also can be extremely harmful, ...
Professional practice of behavior analysis
The Washington Post ran a story that only exposure therapy is proven for PTSD and that cognitive therapy or even drug therapy ... Ethical opposition to such aversive practices caused them to fall out of favor and has stimulated development of less aversive ... For PTSDs exposure therapy is one of the few evidence-based techniques. Recent research suggests exposure therapy is an ... Direct therapy is also used in schools but can also be found in group homes, in a behavior modification facility and in ...
Behavior modification
... especially those that are restrictive or use aversives, aversion therapy, or punishment protocols. Some desire to limit such ... management Behavior therapy Classical conditioning Cognitive behavioral therapy Cognitive bias modification Conversion therapy ... When misused, more aversive punishment can lead to affective (emotional) disorders, as well as to the receiver of the ... Many techniques in this therapy are specific techniques aimed at specific issues. Interventions based on behavior analytic ...
Q&A: Lawyer speaks on aversive shock therapy | Human Rights News | Al Jazeera
Lawyer speaks about the use of a controversial therapy for students with severe behavioural problems. ... Q&A: Lawyer speaks on aversive shock therapy. .css-1wt8oh6{font-family:"Georgia","Times","Times New Roman",serif;}. Lawyer ... I know that a lot of would sleep better at night knowing that nobodys getting aversives, but those arent the people that we ... A school in the US is facing criticism for using a form of shock therapy to discipline special needs students. The Judge ...
Aversion therapy - Wikipedia
Lee, Cami R.; Harrington, Kathy; Rockford, Laura; Shah, Nipam; Pruitt, Chris; Grant, Makenzie (July 2020). "Aversive Therapy ... Emetic (to induce vomiting) therapy and faradic (administered shock) aversion therapy have been used to induce aversion for ... Serber, Michael (1970-09-01). "Shame aversion therapy". Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry. 1 (3): 213-215 ... aversion therapy is implemented in the form of shame. The goal in this kind of therapy is to target the individuals who feel ...
Frontiers | fMRI evidence of a hot-cold empathy gap in hypothetical and real aversive choices
Eliciting preferences for alternative drug therapies in oncology: influence of treatment outcome description, elicitation ... However, the amygdala is thought to play a key role in processing of aversive stimuli and aversive conditioning (among other ... aversive experience of visceral factors (i.e., disgust) is more strongly underestimated in hypothetical choice than aversive ... Then in the aversive bads domain that we study, real willingness-to-pay (WTP) will be lower in magnitude (i.e., closer to zero ...
Pica: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
A few therapy methods that are possible include:. *Mild aversive therapy. This method involves teaching people to avoid pica ... Behavioral therapy. This therapy method involves teaching a person coping mechanisms and strategies to help them change their ... The main form of treatment for pica is therapy, with different therapy methods available depending on the situation and ... Fortunately, its often treatable with therapy and modification to lifestyle and circumstances. ...
Reliability of web-based affective auditory stimulus presentation | Behavior Research Methods
... to identify an effective aversive stimulus by comparing the valence of previously utilized aversive noises. Notably, an ... Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 25(1), 49-59.. Article PubMed Google Scholar ... High sound intensity is often a factor in inducing aversive responses (Liberman et al., 2006; Neumann et al., 2008), and thus ... A second aim of this study was to suss out the most unpleasant sound for use as an effective aversive stimulus. Unpleasant ...
Behavior Therapy with Children | Volume 1 | Anthony M. Graziano | Tayl
This consummately well-organized survey brings together the latest and most meaningful writings in behavior therapy with ... Aversive Control of Self-injurious Behavior in a Psychotic Boy ByB. G. Tate, George S. George S. BaroffBaroff. ... Behavior Therapy with Children: A Review and Evaluation of Research Methodology ByDonna M. Gelfand, Donald P. Hartmann. ... A Social Learning Therapy Program with an Autistic Child ByGerald C. Davison. ...
Law Document English View | Ontario.ca
i. aversive conditioning,. ii. cardiac pacemaker therapy,. iii. cardioversion,. iv. defibrillation,. v. electrocoagulation, ... 1.5 (1) In the course of engaging in the practice of respiratory therapy, an out of province respiratory therapist is exempt ... b) the procedure is performed in accordance with any restrictions, conditions and requirements in the Respiratory Therapy Act, ... 7. A person is exempt from subsection 27 (1) of the Act for the purpose of applying electricity for aversive conditioning if ...
PPT - Smoking Cessation PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID:73605
Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT). Available in gum, lozenge, patch and inhaler Aims to replace the nicotine obtained from ... Smoking CessationClinicalSmoking CessationClinical • Diet and Exercise • Relaxation and Coping Skills • Aversive Conditioning ... Smoking Cessation Clinical • Nicotine Replacement Therapy • Gum • Patch • Inhaler • Nasal Spray • Lozenge Bupropion (Zyban) ... Quit Date for Initial Cessation • Relapse Prevention/Follow-up • Pharmacological Therapy ...
The Messed Up Truth About Conversion Therapy
... but theres no evidence conversion therapy works. This is the messed up truth about conversion therapy. ... Conversion therapy practices have ranged over the years, ... Aversive Conditioning techniques. Shutterstock One of the most ... What is conversion therapy?. Shutterstock Conversion therapy is a practice that involves trying to change someones gender ... The state of conversion therapy in the USA. Shutterstock Despite the fact that all types of conversion therapy have been shown ...
R ́@ ˑ ǂ̎ ÂƋ։ @ b J
Pharmacotherapy and behavioral therapy. Presentation at the occasion of the WHO meeting on Global Policy for Smoking Cessation ... Hajek P, Stead LF (2000). Aversive smoking for smoking cessation. In: Cochran Collaboration. Cochran Library. Issue 2. Oxford: ... Benowitz NL (1993). Nicotine replacement therapy-What has been accomplished-Can we do better? Drugs, 45:157-170.. Benowitz NL ( ... Bohadana A, Nilsson F, Rasmussen T, and Martinet Y (2000). Nicotine inhaler and nicotine patch as a combination therapy for ...
The Sleeping Brain Is a Marvelous Memory Making Machine
CNN.com - Anderson Cooper 360° Blog
Aversion shock therapy is illegal in New York but legal in Massachusetts.. She wants her son, Antwone Nicholson, who has severe ... Behavior is a powerful form of communication which needs to be interpreted and understood; not stifled by painful aversives. ... Does this mean it is ok for our children? If this type of "therapy" is ok for our children but not for our dogs, weve lost ... But it is also the only place in the country that uses aversion shock therapy on its students -- some of whom are as young as ...
Aversive events and depression in adolescence: a case review
Palavras-chave : Adolescence; Depression; Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT). · resumo em Português · texto em Português · ... FERNANDES, Luan Flávia Barufi et al. Aversive events and depression in adolescence: a case review. Rev. bras.ter. cogn. [online ... Twenty sessions of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT) were prescribed in order to reduce depressive symptoms and stress, and to ...
Addressing the Negative Self-Concept in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by a Three-Session Programme of Cognitive Restructuring...
Journal of Behavioural Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 9, 6-15. [13] Kazlauskas, E., Javakhishvilli, J., Meewisse, M., ... Morina, N., Lancee, J. and Arntz, A. (2016) Imagery Rescripting as a Clinical Intervention for Aversive Memories: A Meta- ... Ehlers, A., Clark, D.M., Hackmann, A., McManus, F. and Fennell, M. (2005) Cognitive Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder ... Holmes, E.A., Arntz, A. and Smucker, M.R. (2007) Imagery Rescripting in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy: Images, Treatment ...
About EMDR therapy
About Eye Movement Desensitisation Therapy (EMDR) including some of the various theories that seek to explain how EMDR may ... Replace the desire response with an aversive response or nothing at all ... Glossary: emdr, EMDR Therapy, EMDR, eye movement therapy, desensitisation, Shapiro, eye movement integration therapy ... After 3 months have elapsed more involved therapy can be provided to help the natural processing re-engage ...
Study Links Effects Of Withdrawal To Compulsive Drug Use And Craving | ScienceDaily
The finding could be used to help develop human therapies to block aspects of drug craving. ... The finding could be used to help develop human therapies to block aspects of drug craving. Share:. Facebook Twitter Pinterest ... "Thus, in addition to memories of the pleasurable effects of drugs, memories of aversive drug withdrawal may also drive drug ... This line of research has the potential to aid in the development of new therapies for addiction. "If we understand the ...
Biology Student Research
Disability Advocates Fight Ruling Allowing Electric Shock Treatment Back In Mass. Residential School | TPR
... allowed to use electric shock as a therapy for its students with cognitive and emotional disabilities. ... Meanwhile, many demand that Massachusetts make reparations to shock therapy survivors and halt all other aversive therapies, ... "That medication wasnt replaced with therapy - it was replaced with shock." On that fateful day in 2002, McCollins got a call ... Starting in 2014, one online petition against the use of electric shock as therapy spread rapidly and garnered more than ...
Directory of Pet Businesses in Tamarac, FL - BringFido
Science-based positive reinforcement training methods are used with least intrusive and minimally aversive techniques. Services ... and veterinary Cold Laser Therapy for pet owners living in Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach for holistic care of their pets ... include behavioral modification, obedience courses, tricks, rally-obedience, service dog training, therapy dog training, and ...
Opioid Abuse Treatment & Management: Medical Care
Aversion therapy involves pairing aversive stimuli to cognitive images of opioid use and conversely conjuring images of ... Cognitive therapy of substance abuse: Developed by Beck and colleagues, cognitive therapy of substance abuse is based on the ... Opioid maintenance therapy. Pharmacologic therapy for heroin addiction has focused on ameliorating withdrawal symptoms and ... Methadone maintenance therapy [40] (MMT) has been the standard of care for more than 30 years. However, the recent advent of ...
Flashcards - psychopathology exam 3
implosions therapy*aversive conditioning * what is systematic desensitations patient exposed serially to a predetermined lsit ... therapy for OCD *behavior therapy as effective as drugs*exposure and resposne prevention*desensitization*thought stopping* ... therapy for panic disorder *CBT is most effective*event better than drugs alone, but when combined is best*Focus on instruction ...
Dr. Bruce A. Levine, Ph.D., ABPP - SOME SAMPLE PUBLICATIONS IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS BY DR. BRUCE LEVINE
Sherry, G. & Levine, B.A. An examination of procedural variables in flooding therapy. Behavior Therapy, Vol. 11, 148-155.. Perr ... Tepfer, K. & Levine, B.A. Covert sensitization with internal aversive cues in the treatment of chronic alcoholism. ... continuous exposure in flooding therapy. Behavior Therapy, Vol. 12, 360-368.. Ott, B., Levine, B.A. & Farley, T. Reducing ... Journal of Behavior Therapy & Experimental Psychiatry, Vol. 11, 49-51.. Levine, B.A. & Wolpe, J. In-vivo desensitization of a ...
Private Pain, Public Purges: A History of Homosexuality at Brigham Young University | Recovery from Mormonism
vomiting aversion therapies.. As far as I can tell, the earliest experiments with aversive therapies at BYU date to the mid- ... While the majority of those who went through vomiting and electro-shock aversive therapies at BYU were Gay and Bisexual men, I ... Shock therapy is not used at BYU. We have not been able to verify your assertion that electric shock therapy was being used as ... BYUs Academic Vice President advised college deans to alert those who were using aversive therapies to be "particularly ...
New research advances understanding of cancer risk in gene therapies
Press-News.org) New research advances understanding of cancer risk in gene therapies. ... A small molecule blocks aversive memory formation, providing a potential treatment target for depression. ... Researchers have discovered that "cell competition" following gene therapy results in the accumulation of stem cells with ... didnt exhibit strong signs of mutations post-therapy. This suggests that treating patients with gene therapy at a younger age ...
Pediatric dentists and aversive techniques for child behavior control
Palavras-chave : Pediatric Dentistry; Child Behavior; Aversive Therapy; Behavior Control; Dentist. · resumo em Português · ... BARBOSA MINHOTO, Talita et al. Pediatric dentists and aversive techniques for child behavior control. RFO UPF [online]. 2016, ... The aversive technique chosen by most professionals was the restraint of arms, legs, and head without specific devices (53.6 ... Objective: to evaluate the profile of pediatric dentists and the use of aversive techniques for behavior control in the ...
'We were not surprised to discover that contact comfort was |...
Event Detail
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Association for Behavior Analysis International
Aversive control has been implicated in clinical behavior analytic conceptualizations of psychopathology in a number of ... The clinical assumption that this is readily demonstrated by humans in therapy rooms does not mean, however, that it is easily ... Aversive control involves both avoidance and conditioned suppression. Conditioned suppression is when a repertoire narrows ... This symposium includes two presentations exploring facets of aversive control in humans. The first presentation will review a ...
WTS database | WHO FCTC
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/drug therapy/physiopathology, Tobacco Use Disorder/drug therapy/physiopathology ... An aversive tobacco abstinence syndrome, thought to reflect an underlying level of nicotine dependence, contributes to ... Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) suppresses tobacco abstinence, but high relapse rates suggest room for improvement. ... TN increased heart rate and ratings of aversive side effects (e.g., nausea, lightheadedness) in a dose-related manner, and ...
StimulusCognitive-BehavioStimuliAversionCuesOutcomesClinicalAutismInvolvesTraumaticUnpleasantExperimental PsychiatryEMDRAvoidantAvoidancePracticesAnxietyBehaviorsTreatmentsCovertConsequencesShockPsychotherapyExposureSevereBiasCredibilityBehaviourTreatmentChildhoodWithdrawalResearchersControlHarmfulModificationIncludeMental healthAddictionConclusionsDrugTechniquesPracticeExperiencesChildAvoidFormStudiesLong termConversion therapyState
Stimulus8
- Aversion therapy is a form of psychological treatment in which the patient is exposed to a stimulus while simultaneously being subjected to some form of discomfort. (wikipedia.org)
- It is unknown whether aversion therapy, in the form of rapid smoking (to provide an unpleasant stimulus), can help tobacco smokers overcome the urge to smoke. (wikipedia.org)
- Mannion, N. & Levine, B.A. Effects of stimulus representation and cue category level on exposure (flooding) therapy. (networktherapy.com)
- Finally, oxA/hcrt-1-mediated excitatory synaptic transmission onto VTA neurons was not potentiated following an arousing, aversive stimulus, suggesting that oxA/hcrt-1-mediated glutamatergic synaptic transmission was potentiated selectively with highly salient positive reinforcers. (jneurosci.org)
- Here, we will provide an overview of this account, and describe an experiment wherein we attempted to establish autonomic and self-reported fearful responding to a benign interoceptive conditional stimulus that was paired in a contingency with an aversive interoceptive unconditioned stimulus. (abainternational.org)
- There is now considerable evidence that phobic responding is associated with a bias towards expecting aversive or traumatic outcomes following encounters with the phobic stimulus (e.g. (figshare.com)
- In terms of conditioning contingencies, this can be described as a bias towards expecting an aversive unconditioned stimulus (UCS) following a phobic conditioned stimulus (CS). (figshare.com)
- Although presented as a consequence, an error correction is not intended to serve as either a reinforcing or an aversive stimulus. (sagepub.com)
Cognitive-Behavio3
- Twenty sessions of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT) were prescribed in order to reduce depressive symptoms and stress, and to develop coping behavioral skills. (bvsalud.org)
- Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT). (bvsalud.org)
- Albin, Richard W.. Encyclopedia of Behavior Modification and Cognitive Behavior Therapy Vol. 3. (sagepub.com)
Stimuli3
- Additionally, we compared a variety of previously used unpleasant stimuli, allowing us to identify the most aversive among these sounds. (springer.com)
- The basis behind EMDR therapy is bilateral stimulation using auditory or visual stimuli that tracks from left to right and back again. (neuroinnovations.com)
- Several recent studies demonstrate that stimuli can acquire aversive and avoidance-evoking properties by virtue of their participation in relational frames. (abainternational.org)
Aversion16
- Aversion therapy, when used in a nonconsensual manner, is widely considered to be inhumane. (wikipedia.org)
- At the Judge Rotenberg Educational Center, aversion therapy is used to perform behavior modification in students as part of the center's applied behavioral analysis program. (wikipedia.org)
- Various forms of aversion therapy have been used in the treatment of addiction to alcohol and other drugs since 1932 (discussed in Principles of Addiction Medicine, Chapter 8, published by the American Society of Addiction Medicine in 2003). (wikipedia.org)
- An approach to the treatment of alcohol dependence that has been wrongly characterized as aversion therapy involves the use of disulfiram, a drug which is sometimes used as a second-line treatment under appropriate medical supervision. (wikipedia.org)
- Rather than as an actual aversion therapy, the nastiness of the disulfiram-alcohol reaction is deployed as a drinking deterrent for people receiving other forms of therapy who actively wish to be kept in a state of enforced sobriety (disulfiram is not administered to active drinkers). (wikipedia.org)
- Emetic (to induce vomiting) therapy and faradic (administered shock) aversion therapy have been used to induce aversion for cocaine dependency. (wikipedia.org)
- When used in a multimodal program, chemical aversion therapy displayed high patient acceptability among cocaine users as well as promising outcomes such as aversions to the sight, taste, and smell of the drug. (wikipedia.org)
- Although in recent years, a new tactic in aversion therapy has been introduced specifically to individuals who struggle with nicotine addiction. (wikipedia.org)
- Aversion therapy has been used in the context of subconscious or compulsive habits, such as chronic nailbiting, hair-pulling (trichotillomania), or skin-picking (commonly associated with forms of obsessive compulsive disorder as well as trichotillomania). (wikipedia.org)
- In treating sexually deviant behavior, aversion therapy is implemented in the form of shame. (wikipedia.org)
- Together, they created a medical practice that exclusively treated chronic alcoholism through Pavlovian conditioned reflex aversion therapy. (wikipedia.org)
- In the 1960s and 1970s aversion therapy was used on a small group of lesbian and bisexual identifying women in England. (wikipedia.org)
- In Anthony Burgess's novel A Clockwork Orange and the film adaptation directed by Stanley Kubrick, the main character Alex is subjected to a fictional form of aversion therapy, called the "Ludovico technique", with the aim of stopping his violent behavior. (wikipedia.org)
- Aversion therapy plays a major role in the King of the Hill episode Keeping up with the Joneses, where one of the characters is forced to smoke an entire carton of cigarettes to discourage them from smoking, only for this tactic to backfire and worsen addiction. (wikipedia.org)
- But it is also the only place in the country that uses aversion shock therapy on its students -- some of whom are as young as six years old. (cnn.com)
- Aversion shock therapy is illegal in New York but legal in Massachusetts. (cnn.com)
Cues2
- Tepfer, K. & Levine, B.A. Covert sensitization with internal aversive cues in the treatment of chronic alcoholism. (networktherapy.com)
- In the process, benign bodily cues that precede panic attacks often acquire aversive functions, and can subsequently evoke full blown panic attacks, thus further modifying the aversive functions of antecedent bodily cues in a vicious self-perpetuating cycle. (abainternational.org)
Outcomes1
- We extend this research to the domain of "bads" such as consumer and household choices made to avoid aversive outcomes (e.g., insurance). (frontiersin.org)
Clinical9
- Ranging from the applied clinical level to critical reviews of the field of behavior therapy, this book provides an authoritative and totally up-to-date discussion of the major behavior modification approaches as applied to children. (taylorfrancis.com)
- Additionally, the AACAP notes that conversion therapies "lack scientific credibility and clinical utility. (grunge.com)
- The present study looked at samples from six patients with sickle cell disease who were undergoing gene therapy as part of a major clinical trial at Boston Children's Hospital. (press-news.org)
- Objective: to evaluate the profile of pediatric dentists and the use of aversive techniques for behavior control in the clinical routine. (bvsalud.org)
- Aversive control has been implicated in clinical behavior analytic conceptualizations of psychopathology in a number of different forms. (abainternational.org)
- Likewise, psychopathology is characterized by not only a range of avoidant behaviors, but also a disruption of goal-directed behavior, such that clinical behavior analysis tends to focus on shifting control from aversive to appetitive conditions. (abainternational.org)
- In fact, several models within clinical behavior analysis emphasize aversive control through derived relational responding as pivotal in the development and maintenance of problematic behaviors. (abainternational.org)
- The clinical assumption that this is readily demonstrated by humans in therapy rooms does not mean, however, that it is easily reproduced in the lab. (abainternational.org)
- This randomized clinical trial compared cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), applied relaxation (AR) and wait-list control (WL) in a sample of 65 adults with a primary diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). (concordia.ca)
Autism2
- For a while now, aversives have no longer been part of routine ABA-based autism interventions. (blogspot.com)
- I'm pretty sure Canada's autism advocates would strongly oppose the practices of the Judge Rotenberg Centre , where extreme aversives are used, and the JRC is not generally respected or promoted among behaviour analysts. (blogspot.com)
Involves2
- Conversion therapy is a practice that involves trying to change someone's gender identity or sexual orientation. (grunge.com)
- Aversive control involves both avoidance and conditioned suppression. (abainternational.org)
Traumatic2
- The footage remains traumatic for McCollins to hear, but she wants people to listen in order to spread her message against electric shock therapy and the Judge Rotenberg Center. (tpr.org)
- Memory labilization, the process by which memories become susceptible to update, is essential for memory reconsolidation and has been a target for novel therapies for traumatic memory-associated disorders. (bvsalud.org)
Unpleasant1
- It is expected that initial clues from fMRI during unpleasant decisions about bad foods will provide some guidance regarding the neural valuation of more dramatic and unpleasant aversive experiences. (frontiersin.org)
Experimental Psychiatry6
- Journal of Behavior Therapy & Experimental Psychiatry , Vol. 7, 75-76. (networktherapy.com)
- Journal of Behavior Therapy & Experimental Psychiatry , Vol. 9, 77-79. (networktherapy.com)
- Journal of Behavior Therapy & Experimental Psychiatry , Vol. 11, 49-51. (networktherapy.com)
- Journal of Behavior Therapy & Experimental Psychiatry , Vol. 11, 281-282. (networktherapy.com)
- Journal of Behavior Therapy & Experimental Psychiatry , Vol. 18, 241-244. (networktherapy.com)
- Journal of Behavioral Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 3, 257-260. (concordia.ca)
EMDR6
- EMDR is one a number of Eye Movement based therapies . (neuroinnovations.com)
- In particular, during the COVID-19 pandemic (a period characterized by a large number of people exposed to an ongoing trauma), many studies were carried out, which demonstrated the feasibility of EMDR therapy applied online (i.e. (frontiersin.org)
- that document how EMDR therapy, applied during the Coronavirus period, helped to relieve stress in healthcare workers, patients, and their family members. (frontiersin.org)
- This is probably one of the main reasons that persuaded many of them, all over the world, to consider EMDR as a useful therapy not only for PTSD but also for several other pscychological or psychiatric conditions. (frontiersin.org)
- The data available from studies on some of these disorders, for example, phobias ( De Jongh and ten Broeke, 2007 ), present a consistent and relevant outcome, making it possible that, in future, EMDR will also be considered as an evidence-based therapy for these conditions. (frontiersin.org)
- presenting how EMDR therapy leads to a high rate of remission and a decrease in the number of relapses in patients with depressive disorders. (frontiersin.org)
Avoidant1
- Conditioned suppression is when a repertoire narrows under aversive control, such that avoidant behaviors dominate and an organisms positively reinforced behaviors decrease. (abainternational.org)
Avoidance2
- Talk Therapy or Exposure for Avoidance? (abainternational.org)
- Other subjects were exposed to a derived extinction procedure in which only the derived Sd for avoidance was presented in the absence of aversive consequences or the opportunity to avoid. (abainternational.org)
Practices3
- Conversion therapy practices have ranged over the years from long term therapy to surgical procedures, but there's never been any evidence that conversion therapy works. (grunge.com)
- Campaigners use this term to lump together outdated and harmful practices - like electro-shock and aversive therapies, chemical castration and even 'corrective rape' - with conversational therapies. (christianconcern.com)
- Tanner Mobley, director of Ban Conversion Therapy Kentucky, told LEO that "these practices should be referred to as 'conversion torture' as it is a pseudoscience that uses shaming, dissuasion and disparagement, social isolation, aversive 'treatments' such as electroshock and other means of associating 'unacceptable' thoughts and impulses with pain. (leoweekly.com)
Anxiety5
- Data were collected through a questionnaire, aiming to evaluate sociodemographic data, selection and indication of aversive techniques, anxiety of the pediatric dentist, and consent and acceptance of aversive techniques by children/ caregivers. (bvsalud.org)
- Cognitive therapy versus applied relaxation as treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. (concordia.ca)
- Efficacy of applied relaxation and cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. (concordia.ca)
- A component analysis of cognitive-behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety disorder and the role of interpersonal problems. (concordia.ca)
- Music therapy associated with the kangaroo position for the father was considered a moment which strengthened the father-child bond, as well as reducing sadness and anxiety. (bvsalud.org)
Behaviors1
- The goal in this kind of therapy is to target the individuals who feel disgusted by their compulsive behaviors. (wikipedia.org)
Treatments1
- 5. Carlezon, W.A. Jr. & Wise, R.A. Rewarding actions drug to its receptor, but rather by the rats, treatments associated with aversive of phencyclidine and related drugs in nucleus ac- failure of an expected drug injection to states such as severe drug withdrawal cumbens shell and frontal cortex. (lu.se)
Covert1
- However, this method has not been found to be effective in emetic therapy or covert sensitation. (wikipedia.org)
Consequences2
- In Study 1, some subjects were exposed to an extinction procedure in which the original Sd was presented repeatedly in the absence of an opportunity to avoid and without aversive consequences. (abainternational.org)
- it makes the consequences of drinking incredibly aversive. (medscape.com)
Shock6
- A school in the US is facing criticism for using a form of shock therapy to discipline special needs students. (aljazeera.com)
- On average, how often would a student be given skin shock therapy? (aljazeera.com)
- But Dr. Israel says the shock therapy was helping Antwone, just as it has thousands of others before him. (cnn.com)
- As of last month, the Judge Rotenberg Center will continue to be the only school, hospital or residential facility in the U.S. allowed to use electric shock as a therapy for its residential students with cognitive and emotional disabilities. (tpr.org)
- Starting in 2014, one online petition against the use of electric shock as therapy spread rapidly and garnered more than 300,000 signatures. (tpr.org)
- Meanwhile, many demand that Massachusetts make reparations to shock therapy survivors and halt all other aversive therapies, she says. (tpr.org)
Psychotherapy2
- Issues pertaining to treatment of chronic opioid abuse include opioid agonist therapy (OAT), psychotherapy, and treatment of acute pain in patients already on maintenance therapy. (medscape.com)
- Intervention 1: cognitive - evolutionary protocol (Intervention group): Evolutionary cognitive therapy is a psychotherapy based on cognitive therapies that address the distant or evolutionary causes of the disorder. (who.int)
Exposure1
- Chaplin, E & Levine, B.A. The effects of total exposure duration and interrupted vs. continuous exposure in flooding therapy. (networktherapy.com)
Severe1
- Lawyer speaks about the use of a controversial therapy for students with severe behavioural problems. (aljazeera.com)
Bias1
- Depending on relative underestimation of food disgust and pain of spending, the hypothetical bias for aversive bad scan go in the typical direction for goods, disappear, or reverse in sign. (frontiersin.org)
Credibility1
- Credibility of analogue therapy rationales. (concordia.ca)
Behaviour6
- Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 633-646. (concordia.ca)
- Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 49-58. (concordia.ca)
- Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 777-788. (concordia.ca)
- Behaviour Research and Therapy, 30, 33-37. (concordia.ca)
- This seems like odd behaviour for ABA advocates whose position is that aversives are an irrelevant relic of bygone days. (blogspot.com)
- But nor should it be overlooked that some very respected behaviour analysts continue to promote the necessity of aversives in some cases. (blogspot.com)
Treatment5
- However, the recent advent of buprenorphine maintenance therapy (BMT) is changing the landscape of treatment for opioid-dependent patients. (medscape.com)
- Press-News.org) Medical research has shown promising results regarding the potential of gene therapy to cure genetic conditions such as sickle cell disease and the findings of this study, published in Nature Medicine, offer important new insights into processes happening in the body after treatment. (press-news.org)
- After gene therapy, the treatment might favour growth of stem cells with certain mutations, and this in turn could potentially lead to expansion of blood cells containing these mutations. (press-news.org)
- The study, funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, reveals that the gene therapy treatment itself is not the likely cause of new DNA mutations in blood stem cells. (press-news.org)
- This symposium presents a remarkable opportunity to convene with other researchers, clinicians, and industry leaders to discuss the extraordinary progress and immense potential of new drug therapies and technologies in paving the way for a brighter future in cancer treatment. (nyas.org)
Childhood2
- Dealing with a variety of childhood behavior problems, it includes theory, evaluation, and application of behavior therapy in terms relevant to the interests of students and professionals in psychology, social work, psychiatry, and education. (taylorfrancis.com)
- The relationship between childhood gender nonconformity, aversive childhood experiences, and mental health in heterosexual and non‐ heterosexual cisgender men: The buffering effect of sense of coherence. (uni-saarland.de)
Withdrawal2
- Thus, in addition to memories of the pleasurable effects of drugs, memories of aversive drug withdrawal may also drive drug craving and relapse. (sciencedaily.com)
- Pharmacologic therapy for heroin addiction has focused on ameliorating withdrawal symptoms and reducing cravings. (medscape.com)
Researchers1
- The researchers used new technologies in genome science that allow blood cells to be tracked and compared in patients, a new approach which could substantially influence gene therapy trials in the future. (press-news.org)
Control3
- Conclusions: it was common for pediatric dentists to use aversive techniques for behavioral control, but few of them requested authorization through a consent form. (bvsalud.org)
- This symposium includes two presentations exploring facets of aversive control in humans. (abainternational.org)
- Data supports both direct and derived conditioned suppression effects associated with aversive control with humans. (abainternational.org)
Harmful3
- As far as we know, no one is really attempting the harmful therapies in the UK, so bans on 'conversion therapy' (promised by the Prime Minister this week) only really target Christian ministries like Core Issues Trust. (christianconcern.com)
- Yet, in 2019, people still undergo this harmful conversion therapy. (leoweekly.com)
- Though the medical community is in agreement about the harmful effects of conversion therapy, certain religious groups have been at the forefront of limiting LGBTQ protections in our state. (leoweekly.com)
Modification1
- Fortunately, it's often treatable with therapy and modification to lifestyle and circumstances. (clevelandclinic.org)
Include2
- Examples include "promoting healthy sexuality," Sexual Attraction Fluidity Exploration in Therapy (SAFE-T), and "healing sexual brokenness. (grunge.com)
- Reasons referenced for non-compliance associated with some available medications include aversive taste and odor 4 , frequency with which medication must be taken, required number of pills, and the high cost of the medication. (biospace.com)
Mental health1
- HB 211 has opponents, but the Kentucky Medical Association, Kentucky Psychological Association and Kentucky Mental Health Coalition oppose conversion therapy. (leoweekly.com)
Addiction1
- This line of research has the potential to aid in the development of new therapies for addiction. (sciencedaily.com)
Conclusions1
- In " Misusing Freud ," Jonathan Barrett writes that Freud's views ended up being distorted as his methods of therapy were used while "ignor[ing] his conclusions on homosexuality and sexual nature itself. (grunge.com)
Drug2
- In cerned authorities have started global `quit addition to clarification of immediate que- smoking' campaigns and have also devel- ries, GPs were informed that if they had oped antismoking clinics, cessation strate- any problems completing the form, they gies, drug therapies and rehabilitation could contact the research team by tele- programmes for smokers [ 4,8 ]. (who.int)
- The finding could be used to help develop human therapies to block aspects of drug craving. (sciencedaily.com)
Techniques1
- There are several excellent efforts afoot to put the brakes on places like the Judge Rotenberg Center in Canton that use aversive techniques. (susansenator.com)
Practice3
- Although conversion therapy is widely considered to be a discredited and pseudoscientific practice and has even been denounced by some of its former practitioners , it continues to be practiced across the globe. (grunge.com)
- We've seen some of these depicted in popular queer films such as "But I'm a Cheerleader" and "Latter Days," but even the queer community can sometimes become disconnected from the extreme practice of conversion therapy and believe it's a thing of the past. (leoweekly.com)
- We must bring the laws up to date to make sure no licensed therapist in Kentucky ever again uses the damaging practice of conversion therapy. (leoweekly.com)
Experiences1
- Leal LB, Mathiolli C, Lago MTG, Zani AV. Paternal experiences of premature babies, music therapy and the kangaroo position: content analysis. (bvsalud.org)
Child1
- In the structured setting, have the learning opportunities be short and sweet, so the task does not become aversive to the child. (nspt4kids.com)
Avoid1
- There are pressing questions regarding how we can refine gene therapy to avoid stem cells that might contain mutations that affect blood cell growth. (press-news.org)
Form1
- This was meant to work as a form of conversion therapy. (wikipedia.org)
Studies2
- Co-lead author of the paper, Dr Alyssa Cull from the Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, emphasised the need for further research: 'We now require more in-depth studies to uncover the precise connections behind specific mutations and the gene therapy procedure. (press-news.org)
- Then they continue to highlight and promote an aversive-based study when alternative, non-aversive studies are available. (blogspot.com)
Long term1
- Data showed that MD prejudice short and long-term recognition and aversive memory and that GT protected memory. (nih.gov)
Conversion therapy16
- But where did conversion therapy come from and why has it maintained such a grip on society? (grunge.com)
- Ultimately, the obsession with conversion therapy follows the belief that the world must be heteronormative and cisgender and that anything that even suggests deviation is unacceptable and wrong. (grunge.com)
- What is conversion therapy? (grunge.com)
- GLAAD writes that since coming under scrutiny, providers of conversion therapy have started using different names or vague rhetoric in an attempt to mask what they're doing. (grunge.com)
- But at the end of the day, there is no evidence that conversion therapy does anything but traumatize and harm those who are subjected to it. (grunge.com)
- Early versions of conversion therapy began to arise in the 19th century, when Western scientists started to classify homosexuality as "medical disorder" that could be " reversed . (grunge.com)
- Although proponents of conversion therapy would later use Sigmund Freud 's psychoanalytic views to justify conversion therapy, Freud himself wasn't an advocate of conversion therapy. (grunge.com)
- Core Issues is accused by LGBT activists of practising 'conversion therapy' - a misleading term referring to attempts to change sexual orientation. (christianconcern.com)
- The term 'conversion therapy' is being used as a catch-all phrase designed to discredit any help that people may provide to those with mixed sexual attractions who prefer their heterosexual side. (christianconcern.com)
- Ban conversion therapy in Kentucky. (leoweekly.com)
- Mingo did not respond to my request for a comment, which isn't surprising, since data from the American Psychological Association, shows that conversion therapy - the name psychologists use to describe programs that attempt to change someone's sexuality or gender identification - leads to higher risk of depression, substance abuse, self-hatred and, often, suicidal ideation. (leoweekly.com)
- On Feb. 5, state Rep. Lisa Willner, D-Louisville, filed House Bill 211 and Sen. Morgan McGarvey, D-Louisville, filed Senate Bill 248, which would prohibit conversion therapy on a person under 18 by persons licensed to provide professional counseling. (leoweekly.com)
- The name itself, "conversion therapy," is a bit of a misnomer. (leoweekly.com)
- I'm picking on churches because most conversion therapy is rooted in the idea that being gay is a sin and keeps people from enjoying a fulfilling relationship with God. (leoweekly.com)
- Last year, in response to California's potential total ban of conversion therapy for people of all ages - the first in the country - The Liberty Counsel claimed that banning it would cause the Bible itself to be banned. (leoweekly.com)
- Call your representatives and urge them to support a ban on conversion therapy for minors. (leoweekly.com)
State1
- MFT-0015.This course is considered self-study by the New York State Board of Marriage and Family Therapy. (netce.com)
