Autonomic Dysreflexia
A syndrome associated with damage to the spinal cord above the mid thoracic level (see SPINAL CORD INJURIES) characterized by a marked increase in the sympathetic response to minor stimuli such as bladder or rectal distention. Manifestations include HYPERTENSION; TACHYCARDIA (or reflex bradycardia); FEVER; FLUSHING; and HYPERHIDROSIS. Extreme hypertension may be associated with a STROKE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp538 and 1232; J Spinal Cord Med 1997;20(3):355-60)
Spinal Cord Injuries
Quadriplegia
Severe or complete loss of motor function in all four limbs which may result from BRAIN DISEASES; SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; or rarely MUSCULAR DISEASES. The locked-in syndrome is characterized by quadriplegia in combination with cranial muscle paralysis. Consciousness is spared and the only retained voluntary motor activity may be limited eye movements. This condition is usually caused by a lesion in the upper BRAIN STEM which injures the descending cortico-spinal and cortico-bulbar tracts.
Autonomic Nervous System Diseases
Diseases of the parasympathetic or sympathetic divisions of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; which has components located in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Autonomic dysfunction may be associated with HYPOTHALAMIC DISEASES; BRAIN STEM disorders; SPINAL CORD DISEASES; and PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES. Manifestations include impairments of vegetative functions including the maintenance of BLOOD PRESSURE; HEART RATE; pupil function; SWEATING; REPRODUCTIVE AND URINARY PHYSIOLOGY; and DIGESTION.
Reflex, Abnormal
Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive
Bleeding within the SKULL that is caused by systemic HYPERTENSION, usually in association with INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOSCLEROSIS. Hypertensive hemorrhages are most frequent in the BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; PONS; and THALAMUS; but may also involve the CEREBRAL CORTEX, subcortical white matter, and other brain structures.
Paraplegia
Severe or complete loss of motor function in the lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. This condition is most often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, although BRAIN DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause bilateral leg weakness.
Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic
NERVE FIBERS which project from the central nervous system to AUTONOMIC GANGLIA. In the sympathetic division most preganglionic fibers originate with neurons in the intermediolateral column of the SPINAL CORD, exit via ventral roots from upper thoracic through lower lumbar segments, and project to the paravertebral ganglia; there they either terminate in SYNAPSES or continue through the SPLANCHNIC NERVES to the prevertebral ganglia. In the parasympathetic division the fibers originate in neurons of the BRAIN STEM and sacral spinal cord. In both divisions the principal transmitter is ACETYLCHOLINE but peptide cotransmitters may also be released.
Reflex
Galvanic Skin Response
Thoracic Vertebrae
Afferent Pathways
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists
Cervical Vertebrae
Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha
One of the two major pharmacological subdivisions of adrenergic receptors that were originally defined by the relative potencies of various adrenergic compounds. The alpha receptors were initially described as excitatory receptors that post-junctionally stimulate SMOOTH MUSCLE contraction. However, further analysis has revealed a more complex picture involving several alpha receptor subtypes and their involvement in feedback regulation.
Management of life-threatening autonomic hyper-reflexia using magnesium sulphate in a patient with a high spinal cord injury in the intensive care unit. (1/58)
We report the successful use of i.v. magnesium sulphate to control life-threatening autonomic hyper-reflexia associated with chronic spinal cord injury in the intensive care environment. A 37-yr-old, male was admitted to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of septic shock and acute renal failure secondary to pyelonephritis. He had been found unresponsive at home following a 2-day history of pyrexia and purulent discharge from his suprapubic catheter. He had sustained a T5 spinal cord transection 20 yr previously. Initial management included assisted ventilation, fluid resuscitation, vasopressor support, and continuous veno-venous haemofiltration. The sepsis was treated with antibiotic therapy and percutaneous nephrostomy drainage of the pyonephrosis. On the fifth day, the patient developed profuse diarrhoea. This was associated with paroxysms of systemic hypertension and diaphoresis, his arterial pressure rising on occasion to 240/140 mm Hg. A diagnosis of autonomic hyper-reflexia was made and a bolus dose of magnesium sulphate 5 g was administered over 15 min followed by an infusion of 1-2 g h(-1). There was an almost immediate decrease in the severity and frequency of the hypertensive episodes. There were no adverse cardiac effects associated with the administration of magnesium, only a slight decrease in minute ventilation as the plasma level approached the upper end of the therapeutic range (2-4 mmol litre(-1)). In view of the beneficial effects observed in this case we advocate further research into the use of magnesium sulphate in the treatment or prevention of autonomic hyper-reflexia secondary to chronic spinal cord injury in the intensive care unit. (+info)TENS attenuates response to colon distension in paraplegic and quadriplegic rats. (2/58)
Individuals with spinal cord injuries above thoracic level 6 experience episodic bouts of life-threatening hypertension as part of a condition termed autonomic dysreflexia (AD). The hypertension can be caused by stimulation of the skin, distension of the urinary bladder or colon, and/or muscle spasms. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) may reduce the severity of AD because TENS has been used to inhibit second-order neurons in the dorsal horn. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that TENS attenuates the hemodynamic responses to colon distension. Eleven Wistar rats underwent spinal cord transection between thoracic vertebrae 4 and 5 (paraplegic, n = 6) or between cervical vertebra 7 and thoracic vertebra 1 (quadriplegic, n = 5). After recovery, all rats were instrumented with a radiotelemetry device for recording arterial pressure. Subsequently, the hemodynamic responses to graded colon distension were determined before and during TENS. During TENS the hemodynamic responses to colon distension were significantly attenuated. Thus TENS may be a preventive approach to reduce the severity of AD in paraplegic and quadriplegic individuals. (+info)Long-term result of Memokath urethral sphincter stent in spinal cord injury patients. (3/58)
BACKGROUND: Memokath urethral sphincter stents are used to facilitate bladder emptying in patients with spinal cord injury, but long term follow-up has not been reported. METHODS: Case series of ten men with spinal cord injury who underwent insertion of Memokath stents and were followed for up to nine years. RESULTS: Within four years, the stent had to be removed in nine out of ten patients because of: extensive mucosal proliferation causing obstruction to the lumen of the stent; stone around the proximal end of the stent, incomplete bladder emptying, and recurrent urinary infections; migration of the stent into the bladder related to digital evacuation of bowels; large residual urine; concretions within the stent causing obstruction to flow of urine, and partial blockage of the stent causing frequent episodes of autonomic dysreflexia. In one patient the stent continued to function satisfactorily after nine years. CONCLUSIONS: The Memokath stent has a role as a temporary measure for treatment of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia in selected SCI patients who do not get recurrent urinary infection and do not require manual evacuation of bowels. (+info)Rehabilitation medicine: 1. Autonomic dysreflexia. (4/58)
Autonomic dysreflexia is an acute syndrome of excessive, uncontrolled sympathetic output that can occur in patients who have had an injury to the spinal cord (generally at or above the sixth thoracic neurologic level). It is caused by spinal reflex mechanisms that remain intact despite the patient's injury, leading to hypertension. This review describes the clinical features of autonomic dysreflexia, its common causes (most frequently stimulation of the lower urinary tract) and a recommended approach to treatment. The condition can nearly always be managed successfully, but prompt recognition is essential--without treatment there may be dire consequences, including death. (+info)Tail arteries from chronically spinalized rats have potentiated responses to nerve stimulation in vitro. (5/58)
Patients with severe spinal cord lesions that damage descending autonomic pathways generally have low resting arterial pressure but bladder or colon distension or unheeded injuries may elicit a life-threatening hypertensive episode. Such episodes (known as autonomic dysreflexia) are thought to result from the loss of descending baroreflex inhibition and/or plasticity within the spinal cord. However, it is not clear whether changes in the periphery contribute to the exaggerated reflex vasoconstriction. The effects of spinal transection at T7-8 on nerve- and agonist-evoked contractions of the rat tail artery were investigated in vitro. Isometric contractions of arterial segments were recorded and responses of arteries from spinalized animals ('spinalized arteries') and age-matched and sham-operated controls were compared. Two and eight weeks after transection, nerve stimulation at 0.1-10 Hz produced contractions of greater force and duration in spinalized arteries. At both stages, the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists prazosin (10 nm) and idazoxan (0.1 microm) produced less blockade of nerve-evoked contraction in spinalized arteries. Two weeks after transection, spinalized arteries were supersensitive to the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine, and the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine, but 8 weeks after transection, spinalized arteries were supersensitive only to clonidine. Contractions of spinalized arteries elicited by 60 mm K(+) were larger and decayed more slowly at both stages. These findings demonstrate that spinal transection markedly increases nerve-evoked contractions and this can, in part, be accounted for by increased reactivity of the vascular smooth muscle to vasoconstrictor agents. This hyper-reactivity may contribute to the genesis of autonomic dysreflexia in patients. (+info)Transient blockade of the CD11d/CD18 integrin reduces secondary damage after spinal cord injury, improving sensory, autonomic, and motor function. (6/58)
The early inflammatory response to spinal cord injury (SCI) causes significant secondary damage. Strategies that nonselectively suppress inflammation have not improved outcomes after SCI, perhaps because inflammation has both adverse and beneficial effects after SCI. We have shown that the selective, time-limited action of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to the CD11d subunit of the CD11d/CD18 integrin, delivered intravenously during the first 48 hr after SCI in rats, markedly decreases the infiltration of neutrophils and delays the entry of hematogenous monocyte-macrophages into the injured cord. We hypothesized that this targeted strategy would lead to neuroprotection and improved neurological outcomes. In this study the development of chronic pain was detected in rats by assessing mechanical allodynia on the trunk and hindpaws 2 weeks to 3 months after a clinically relevant clip-compression SCI at the twelfth thoracic segment. The anti-CD11d mAb treatment reduced this pain by half. Motor performance also improved as rats were able to plantar-place their hindpaws and use them for weight support instead of sweeping movements only. Improved cardiovascular outcome was shown after SCI at the fourth thoracic segment by significant decreases in autonomic dysreflexia. Locomotor performance was also improved. These functional changes correlated with significantly greater amounts and increased organization of myelin and neurofilament near the lesion. The improved neurological recovery after the specific reduction of early inflammation after SCI demonstrates that this selective strategy increases tissue at the injury site and improves its functional capacity. This early neuroprotective treatment would be an ideal foundation for building later cell-based therapies. (+info)Autonomic dysreflexia during sperm retrieval in spinal cord injury: influence of lesion level and sildenafil citrate. (7/58)
Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) can occur during penile vibratory stimulation in men with spinal cord injury, but this is variable, and the association with lesion level is unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterize the cardiovascular responses to penile vibratory stimulation in men with spinal cord injury. We hypothesized that those with cervical injuries would demonstrate a greater degree of AD compared with men with thoracic injuries. We also questioned whether the rise in blood pressure could be attenuated by sildenafil citrate. Participants were classified as having cervical (n = 8) or thoracic (n = 5) injuries. While in a supine position, subjects were instrumented with an ECG, and arterial blood pressure was determined beat by beat. Subjects reported to the laboratory twice and received an oral dose of sildenafil citrate (25-100 mg) or no medication. Penile vibratory stimulation was performed using a handheld vibrator to the point of ejaculation. At ejaculation during the nonmedicated trials, the cervical group had a significant decrease in heart rate (-5-10 beats/min) and increase in mean arterial blood pressure (+70-90 mmHg) relative to resting conditions, whereas the thoracic group had significant increases in both heart rate (+8-15 beats/min) and mean arterial pressure (+25-30 mmHg). Sildenafil citrate had no effect on the change in heart rate or mean arterial pressure in either group. In summary, men with cervical injuries had more pronounced AD during penile vibratory stimulation than men with thoracic injuries. Administration of sildenafil citrate had no effect on heart rate or blood pressure during penile vibratory stimulation in men with spinal cord injury. (+info)Autonomic dysreflexia: a medical emergency. (8/58)
Autonomic dysreflexia is an important clinical diagnosis that requires prompt treatment to avoid devastating complications. The condition may present itself to all members of medical and surgical specialties, who may not be accustomed to treating it. It is the clinician's responsibility to have a basic understanding of the pathophysiology of the condition and the simple steps required to treat it. (+info)
Preventing Secondary Conditions - Autonomic Dysreflexia | SPINALpedia
AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA (HYPERREFLEXIA) | Information | Spinal Cord Injury Zone!
Updated: BOTOX for neurogenic bladder and prevention of autonomic dysreflexia following spinal cord injury | ICORD
Medical Surgical Nursing: Autonomic Dysreflexia / Hyperreflexia
Autonomic Dysreflexia | Information | Spinal Cord Injury Zone!
Factsheet #17: What is Autonomic Dysreflexia?
Daily Bolus of LR: Autonomic Dysreflexia | The Daily Bolus of LR
Do you remember ? Autonomic dysreflexia: Emergency situation
| The Thai Journal of Urology
Does physical exercise improve arterial structure and function in spinal cord-injured individuals? And response to letter to...
Fesoterodine for Amelioration of Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD) Following Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) - Full Text View -...
Bowel Care and Cardiovascular Function After Spinal Cord Injury - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Acute complications of spinal cord injuries
Heterotopic Ossification - Craig Hospital
Acute Hospital Management of Spinal Cord Injuries in Adults
Autonomic Dysreflexia | SCIA
Cardio-vascular system
DMOZ - Health: Conditions and Diseases: Neurological Disorders: Autonomic Nervous System: Autonomic Dysreflexia
Does physical exercise improve arterial structure nd function in spinal cord-injured individuals? - Physiomics
Living With a Spinal Cord Injury-When to Call a Doctor
Committee Opinions - ACOG
Neurogenic Bladder
Merciless Sweating
Global Rx Drugstore: Joint stiffness prednisone pills in stock!
Auscultate - Autonomic Dysreflexia, Risk for | Tabers® Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, 23e | F.A. Davis PT Collection | McGraw...
Autonomic Dysreflexia Resources - Craig Hospital
Cardiovascular health and spinal cord injury: the surprising truth | ICORD
Search - Abstracts
Search - Abstracts
Clinical Presentation and Natural History - Spinal Cord Injury Research Evidence
DAN | Medical Frequently Asked Questions
Advocates Seek Progress On Preeclampsia Biomarker Development
A.D problem due to catheter replacement
Order Prodec (allopurinol) 300mg, 100mg Online in USA, UK and CANADA | Prodec Online Pharmacy
Does peripheral nerve degeneration affect circulatory responses to head-up tilt in spinal cord-injured individuals?
Autonomic hyperreflexia: Signs
Fin Biering-Sørensen - Forskning - Region Hovedstaden
13. Recognizing Urinary Tract Infections in SCI - Actionable Nuggets for Spinal Cord Injury
NIFEDIPINE
School Of Physiotherapy | International Educational Tour at Spinal Injury Rehabilitation Center (SIRC) & Special Education...
High spinal anesthesia definition | Drugs.com
Thought-Powered Bionic Spine Offers Hope to the Spinal Cord-Injured
Long-term intensive electrically stimulated cycling by spinal cord-injured people: effect on muscle properties and their...
Cardiovascular Control During Exercise. Insights From Spinal Cord-Injured Humans | Circulation
The effects of apamin in rats with pretrigeminal or high spinal transsection of the central nervous system<...
Individual with complete spinal cord injury regains voluntary motor function! - Victory Over Paralysis
Thermal sweating following spinal cord injury by Bradley Wilsmore, J D. Cotter et al.
delay what is the tablet propranolol
complete spinal cord injury
CSF Leak with High Spinal Pressure - Migraine - Headache - HealingWell.com Forum
Findings From Study In Spinal Cord-Injured Man | MedTrials - Clinical Trial Volunteers
I am a quadriplegic and feeling light headed. How to overcome this problem?
Hyperreflexia & Numbness of the Hand & Vomiting: Causes & Reasons - Symptoma
Did you know that...
Autonomic dysreflexia
... differs from autonomic instability, the various modest cardiac and neurological changes that accompany a ... "Autonomic dysreflexia after spinal cord injury: Systemic pathophysiology and methods of management". Autonomic Neuroscience. ... meets the current definition of dysreflexia. Autonomic dysreflexia can become chronic and recurrent, often in response to ... Current assessment of autonomic dysreflexia in patients with known causative factors include palpation of the bladder and bowel ...
F3 (classification)
People with spinal injuries at T6 or higher are more likely to develop Autonomic dysreflexia (AD). It also sometimes rarely ... "International Wheelchair Rugby Federation : Autonomic Dysreflexia". www.iwrf.com. Retrieved 2016-08-02. Woude, Luc H. V.; ... The condition causes over-activity of the autonomic nervous system, and can suddenly onset when people are playing sports. Some ...
F1 (classification)
People with spinal injuries at T6 or higher are more likely to develop Autonomic dysreflexia (AD). It also sometimes rarely ... "International Wheelchair Rugby Federation : Autonomic Dysreflexia". www.iwrf.com. Retrieved 2016-08-02. "About IWAS". Int'l ... The condition causes over-activity of the autonomic nervous system, and can suddenly onset when people are playing sports. Some ...
Nifedipine
"Autonomic Dysreflexia in Spinal Cord Injury". eMedicine. Retrieved 14 July 2011. Flenady V, Wojcieszek AM, Papatsonis DN, Stock ... avoidance of this practice is in the use of nifedipine for the treatment of hypertension associated with autonomic dysreflexia ...
F2 (classification)
People with spinal injuries at T6 or higher are more likely to develop Autonomic dysreflexia (AD). It also sometimes rarely ... "International Wheelchair Rugby Federation : Autonomic Dysreflexia". www.iwrf.com. Retrieved 2016-08-02. "About IWAS". Int'l ... The condition causes over-activity of the autonomic nervous system, and can suddenly onset when people are playing sports. Some ...
F4 (classification)
People with spinal injuries at T6 or higher are more likely to develop Autonomic dysreflexia (AD). It also sometimes rarely ... "International Wheelchair Rugby Federation : Autonomic Dysreflexia". www.iwrf.com. Retrieved 2016-08-02. "About IWAS". Int'l ... The condition causes over-activity of the autonomic nervous system, and can suddenly onset when people are playing sports. Some ...
Spinal shock
Autonomic dysreflexia is permanent, and occurs from Phase 4 onwards. It is characterized by unchecked sympathetic stimulation ... In spinal cord injuries above T6, neurogenic shock may occur, from the loss of autonomic innervation from the brain. ...
Boosting (doping)
Boosting is a method of inducing autonomic dysreflexia with the intention of enhancing performance in sport. It can be used by ... Any deliberate attempt to induce Autonomic Dysreflexia is forbidden and will be reported to the Technical Delegate. The athlete ... Legg, David; Mason, Daniel S. (1998). "Autonomic Dysreflexia in Wheelchair Sport: A New Game in the Legal Arena?". Marquette ... Cheating at the Paralympic Games "Autonomic Dysreflexia and Boosting: Lessons from an athlete survey" (PDF). International ...
Sexuality after spinal cord injury
Another risk is autonomic dysreflexia (AD), a medical emergency involving dangerously high blood pressure. People at risk for ... Both PVS and electroejaculation carry a risk of autonomic dysreflexia, so drugs to prevent the condition can be given in ... and episodes of autonomic dysreflexia. Reduced sensation in the pelvic area means women with SCI usually have less painful ... a risk during labor and delivery that threatens both mother and fetus is autonomic dysreflexia, in which the blood pressure ...
Hyperreflexia
"Autonomic dysreflexia"). Standard stimuli, such as the filling of the bladder, can cause excessive responses from the nervous ...
Ganglionic blocker
... such as aortic dissection or autonomic dysreflexia. Cardiovascular: Orthostatic hypotension with or without reflex tachycardia ... Some substances can exhibit both stimulating and blocking effects on autonomic ganglia, depending on dosage and/or duration of ... nicotinic receptors are found within the ganglia of the autonomic nervous system, allowing outgoing signals to be transmitted ... is a type of medication that inhibits transmission between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous ...
Mitrofanoff procedure
The procedure is sometimes recommended for those with spinal cord injuries who have severe autonomic dysreflexia. Wheelchair ... to urethral catheterization and is sometimes used by people with urethral damage or by those with severe autonomic dysreflexia ...
Winter Paralympic Games
One concern now facing Paralympic officials is the technique of boosting blood pressure, known as autonomic dysreflexia. The ...
Cheating at the Paralympic Games
Another form of doping is "boosting", used by athletes with a spinal cord injury to induce autonomic dysreflexia and increase ...
Disability and women's health
Women who have a spinal cord injury above the T6 vertebra can have autonomic dysreflexia during a pelvic exam which can be life ...
Spinal cord injury
One condition that occurs typically in lesions above the T6 level is autonomic dysreflexia (AD), in which the blood pressure ... which could trigger autonomic dysreflexia or damage the bladder permanently. The use of intermittent catheterization to empty ... Other autonomic functions may also be disrupted. For example, problems with body temperature regulation mostly occur in ... Symptoms may include loss of muscle function, sensation, or autonomic function in the parts of the body served by the spinal ...
Pressure ulcer
Some complications include autonomic dysreflexia, bladder distension, bone infection, pyarthrosis, sepsis, amyloidosis, anemia ...
AD (disambiguation)
... a classification of genetic traits Autonomic dysreflexia, a potential medical emergency Adamantyl, abbreviated "Ad" in organic ...
Mecamylamine
... with a pKaH of 11.2 Mecamylamine has been used as an orally-active ganglionic blocker in treating autonomic dysreflexia and ...
List of MeSH codes (C10)
... autonomic dysreflexia MeSH C10.900.850.625 - central cord syndrome The list continues at List of MeSH codes (C11). (Wikipedia ... hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies MeSH C10.668.829.800.625.200 - dysautonomia, familial MeSH C10.668.829.800.662 - ... hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies MeSH C10.668.829.800.750.450.250 - dysautonomia, familial MeSH C10.668.829.800. ... trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias MeSH C10.228.140.546.399.937.500 - cluster headache MeSH C10.228.140.546.399.937.750 - ...
Catastrophic injury
... autonomic dysreflexia, altered thermoregulation, and changes to cardiac function as a result of injury to the sympathetic ...
Doping
... a method of inducing autonomic dysreflexia Gene doping, the hypothetical non-therapeutic use of gene therapy by athletes Stem ...
Hyperhidrosis
In people with a history of spinal cord injuries Autonomic dysreflexia Orthostatic hypotension Posttraumatic syringomyelia ... Reisfeld, Rafael (2006). "Sympathectomy for hyperhidrosis: Should we place the clamps at T2-T3 or T3-T4?". Clinical Autonomic ... Associated with peripheral neuropathies Familial dysautonomia (Riley-Day syndrome) Congenital autonomic dysfunction with ...
Tetraplegia
... autonomic dysreflexia, deep vein thrombosis, and cardiovascular disease. The severity of the condition depends on both the ... breathing and other autonomic functions. Furthermore, sensation is usually impaired in affected areas. This may manifest as ... "Does sacral posterior rhizotomy suppress autonomic hyper-reflexia in patients with spinal cord injury?". British Journal of ...
Autonomic dysreflexia: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
... autonomic) nervous system to stimulation. This reaction may include: ... Autonomic dysreflexia is an abnormal, overreaction of the involuntary ( ... Autonomic dysreflexia is an abnormal, overreaction of the involuntary (autonomic) nervous system to stimulation. This reaction ... Cowan H. Autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord injury. Nurs Times. 2015;111(44):22-24. PMID: 26665385 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ ...
Autonomic Dysreflexia in Spinal Cord Injury: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Causes of Autonomic Dysreflexia
Autonomic dysreflexia is a potentially dangerous clinical syndrome that develops in individuals with spinal cord injury, ... Causes of Autonomic Dysreflexia. Episodes of autonomic dysreflexia can be triggered by many potential causes. [14] Essentially ... Prevention of Autonomic Dysreflexia. Patients who have previously experienced autonomic dysreflexia may be able to prevent the ... encoded search term (Autonomic Dysreflexia in Spinal Cord Injury) and Autonomic Dysreflexia in Spinal Cord Injury What to Read ...
Autonomic Dysreflexia - Craig Hospital
What is Autonomic Dysreflexia?. Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD), also known as autonomic hyperreflexia, is an emergency situation. ... Autonomic Dysreflexia. Ver en español Lucas has been waking up every morning at 4 am drenched in sweat. When he turns onto his ... Always carry an Autonomic Dysreflexia Wallet Card - this card can be downloaded (English/Spanish) from the Craig Hospital ... What do all of these stories have in common? They all describe typical examples of people experiencing autonomic dysreflexia ( ...
Autonomic Dysreflexia - SCIRE Professional
Autonomic dysreflexia Archives - American Nurse
Understanding autonomic dysreflexia - Humexe
Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD) is a medical condition that causes sudden and extreme increase of blood pressure. ... Undersand what autonomic dysreflexia is, and learn what you can do to face with it. ... What is autonomic dysreflexia?. AD is a complication of the spinal cord injury that appears suddenly. It usually starts when ... Which are the symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia?. Not every patient has the same symptoms but the most common ones are the ...
IMSEAR at SEARO: Autonomic dysreflexia: a life threatening emergency.
Spinal Cord Injury/ Autonomic Dysreflexia | NCLEX Insight Online
Autonomic Dysreflexia in Spinal Cord Injury: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Causes of Autonomic Dysreflexia
Autonomic dysreflexia is a potentially dangerous clinical syndrome that develops in individuals with spinal cord injury, ... Causes of Autonomic Dysreflexia. Episodes of autonomic dysreflexia can be triggered by many potential causes. [14] Essentially ... Prevention of Autonomic Dysreflexia. Patients who have previously experienced autonomic dysreflexia may be able to prevent the ... encoded search term (Autonomic Dysreflexia in Spinal Cord Injury) and Autonomic Dysreflexia in Spinal Cord Injury What to Read ...
Key Protein for Spinal Cord Repair Identified
BJUI Knowledge: Autonomic dysreflexia - risk factors, presentation and management
November 2014 - ABC of Autonomic Dysreflexia in spinal cord injury. - Parqol
ABC of Autonomic Dysreflexia. AD, also called hyperreflexia, is a condition that results from overactivity of the autonomic ... November 2014 - ABC of Autonomic Dysreflexia in spinal cord injury.. There is a new online course to help clinicians learn ... Krassioukov and colleagues have created the ABC of Autonomic Dysreflexia course. The course will teach you about the ... about managing Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) in people with spinal cord injury (SCI) called the ...
Recognition and management of autonomic dysreflexia in patients with a spinal cord injury
... Sara Morgan Senior lecturer in adult ... Autonomic dysreflexia is a potentially life-threatening condition that affects patients with a spinal cord injury at the level ... Morgan S (2019) Recognition and management of autonomic dysreflexia in patients with a spinal cord injury. Emergency Nurse. doi ... This article explains the pathophysiology of autonomic dysreflexia, alongside its causes, signs and symptoms. It also details ...
Consumer Fact Sheets
First Case of Autonomic Dysreflexia Following Elective Lower Thoracic Spinal Cord Transection in a Spina Bifida Adult
... Article ... Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a potentially life-threatening syndrome involving a dysregulated sympathetic discharge reflex ... in which a paraplegic spina bifida patient presenting with symptomatic spinal retethering experienced autonomic dysreflexia ... commonly seen following cervical and high thoracic spinal cord injury, leading to a disconnect between autonomic pathways above ...
Provisional Mortality by Multiple Cause of Death
Dr. Mutaz Tabbaa, MD - Neurology Specialist in Panama City, FL | Healthgrades
Patients without Indwelling Urinary Catheters | Urine Culture Stewardship | HAI | CDC
DeCS - Termos Novos
U.S. - Mexico Border Area Mortality - 1999-2020
Spinal Cord Injury Exercise and Nutrition Conceptual Engagement - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Causes of Night Sweats in Women | Sleep Foundation
Khanna, K., Theologis, A. A., & Tay, B. (2017). Autonomic dysreflexia caused by cervical stenosis. Spinal Cord Series and Cases ... Other neurological conditions that may cause night sweats include neuropathy, autonomic dysreflexia, and syringomyelia. ... Charkoudian, N., & Stachenfeld, N. (2016). Sex hormone effects on autonomic mechanisms of thermoregulation in humans. Autonomic ...
Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences - Elsevier Science & Technology - Literati by Credo
Cystography Technique: Contrast Examination of Bladder, Contraindications and Considerations, Complications
Autonomic dysreflexia (discussed above) is a dangerous complication that may also ensue following bladder filling. Immediate ... In patients with a history of autonomic dysreflexia, consider prophylactic nifedipine or an alpha-blocker, in addition to ... which can induce autonomic dysreflexia (changes include sudden, severe hypertension with diaphoresis and flushing, and ...
B Schurch's Research
| CureHunter
Mga sekundaryang kondisyon at wellness - Reeve Foundation
Answers - Page 3 of 13 | Spinal Cord Injury Zone!
Autonomic Dysfunction - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a subcomponent of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that regulates involuntary ... Autonomic dysreflexia is a severe, potentially life-threatening condition affecting the cardiovascular system of patients ... Traumatic or tumoral spinal cord injuries at different levels and presenting with the so-called autonomic dysreflexia ... Anatomy, Autonomic Nervous System. [PubMed: 30969667]. 2.. Sternini C. Organization of the peripheral nervous system: autonomic ...
BOTOX® (OnabotulinumtoxinA) Injection and BOTOX® Cosmetic - Treatment Information
Known as autonomic hyperreflexiaHyperreflexiaCause autonomicNervousComplicationsBradycardiaPathwaysPathophysiologyThoracicSymptomsSympatheticSpinal cordPotentiallyEmergencyDisordersStimulusPatientsDysfunctionPreventIdentifyPeopleBladderPatient with autonomic dysreflexiaSpasticitySpasmsUrodynamicsNoxious stimuliSeverityNeurologicAcuteSevereSpinal cord injSensoryReflexSuddenHypothermiaStimulationIncidenceLesionManagementComplicationAwareHypertensionRenalBowel careKrassioukovHeadacheOccurPatientsMedicalBlood pressureLEVEL OF INJURYResultFindings
Known as autonomic hyperreflexia3
- Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD), also known as autonomic hyperreflexia, is an emergency situation. (craighospital.org)
- It's also known as autonomic hyperreflexia. (spinalcord.com)
- Autonomic dysreflexia, also known as autonomic hyperreflexia, is a serious medical condition in which the nervous system overreacts to external or bodily stimulation. (apollo247.com)
Hyperreflexia1
- AD, also called hyperreflexia, is a condition that results from overactivity of the autonomic nervous system in individuals with SCI. (parqol.com)
Cause autonomic3
- A myriad of the factors can cause autonomic dysfunction, and more than one can concur even in the same patient. (nih.gov)
- In the journal's April 18 online edition, researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University write that spinal cord injuries higher than thoracic level 5 (T5) cause autonomic nervous system circuitry to develop a highly adaptable state of plasticity. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
- Use baclofen with caution in patients with a history of autonomic dysreflexia (e.g., spinal cord injuries at T6 or above), as abrupt withdrawal or nociceptive stimuli may cause autonomic dysreflexic episodes. (pdr.net)
Nervous10
- Autonomic dysreflexia is an abnormal, overreaction of the involuntary (autonomic) nervous system to stimulation. (medlineplus.gov)
- This condition is characterized by hyper activity of the autonomic nervous system. (medindia.net)
- The autonomic nervous system (ANS) includes all regions implicated in controlling autonomic, unconscious, and involuntary functions in total body homeostasis. (nih.gov)
- The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a subcomponent of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that regulates involuntary physiologic processes, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, digestion, and sexual arousal. (nih.gov)
- The autonomic nervous system controls bodily functions that are not consciously directed - like breathing, heartbeat, digestion and immune function. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
- Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a condition in which your involuntary nervous system overreacts to external or bodily stimuli. (spinalcord.com)
- The autonomic nervous system provides significant innervation to the genital organs and is essential to the sexual response. (aapmr.org)
- The spinal cord, as part of the central nervous system, plays a decisive part in the transmission of sensitive information to the brain and in the subsequent control of motor and autonomic functions. (paraplegie.ch)
- The term "autonomic" means that this part of the nervous system is not under the conscious control of an individual. (paraplegie.ch)
- The autonomic nervous system is responsible for vital functions because it controls or influences breathing, heart rate, circulation, bladder and bowel functions, metabolism, body temperature, important sexual functions, the kidneys and other organs or organ systems. (paraplegie.ch)
Complications5
- Complications associated with autonomic dysreflexia result directly from sustained, severe peripheral hypertension. (medscape.com)
- It also details the pharmacological and non-pharmacological management interventions that should be promptly initiated in patients who present to the emergency department with autonomic dysreflexia, to alleviate their symptoms and prevent further complications. (rcni.com)
- Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a potentially life-threatening syndrome involving a dysregulated sympathetic discharge reflex commonly seen following cervical and high thoracic spinal cord injury, leading to a disconnect between autonomic pathways above and below the lesion that can lead to severe complications including uncontrolled hypertension, bradycardia, stroke, and potentially death. (ochsner.org)
- Without prompt treatment, autonomic dysreflexia can result in severe complications like stroke, retinal haemorrhage, cardiac arrest, and pulmonary oedema. (apollo247.com)
- 6 In addition to these traditional CVD risk factors, disturbances in the cardiovascular autonomic function after SCI play a distinctive role in the development of cardiovascular complications in individuals with SCI. (cdc.gov)
Bradycardia1
- 8 Specifically, documenting abnormalities of arterial blood pressure and cardiac rhythm (supine hypertension, supine hypotension, orthostatic hypertension, tachycardia, bradycardia, and autonomic dysreflexia) is recommended. (cdc.gov)
Pathways2
- Insult to the spinal cord or cauda equina can result in injury to the motor, sensory and autonomic pathways underlying sexual and reproductive function.The effect of a SCI on sexual function and health depends on the level and severity of spinal cord injury, as well as personal attributes such as partnership status, pre-morbid sexual experiences and attitudes, and openness to sexual experimentation. (aapmr.org)
- 2 Abnormal cardiovascular control is related to the level and severity of injury to descending autonomic (sympathetic) pathways. (cdc.gov)
Pathophysiology1
- This article explains the pathophysiology of autonomic dysreflexia, alongside its causes, signs and symptoms. (rcni.com)
Thoracic1
- Briefly, autonomic dysreflexia develops in individuals with a neurologic level of SCI at or above the sixth thoracic vertebral level (T6). (medscape.com)
Symptoms2
- Which are the symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia? (humexe.com)
- Explain the importance of improving care coordination amongst the interprofessional team to enhance care delivery for patients with autonomic sphere symptoms and disorders. (nih.gov)
Sympathetic2
- Autonomic dysreflexia causes an imbalanced reflex sympathetic discharge, leading to potentially life-threatening hypertension. (medscape.com)
- Acute SCI patients may also experience autonomic dysreflexia, a condition characterized by transient episodes of hypertension and imbalanced reflex sympathetic discharge in response to stimulation below the level of injury. (scireproject.com)
Spinal cord11
- The most common cause of autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is spinal cord injury. (medlineplus.gov)
- Cowan H. Autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord injury. (medlineplus.gov)
- Autonomic dysreflexia is a potentially dangerous and, in rare cases, lethal clinical syndrome that develops in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), resulting in acute, uncontrolled hypertension. (medscape.com)
- Autonomic dysreflexia is a condition that occurs in patients with spinal cord injuries especially in the T5 and T6 levels. (medindia.net)
- Autonomic dysreflexia is a potentially life-threatening condition that affects patients with a spinal cord injury at the level of T6 or above. (rcni.com)
- Herein we present a case in which a paraplegic spina bifida patient presenting with symptomatic spinal retethering experienced autonomic dysreflexia following an elective spinal cord transection. (ochsner.org)
- Autonomic Dysreflexia Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a potentially life-threatening medical emergency that affects people with spinal cord injuries at the T6 level or higher. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
- Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a dangerous rise in blood pressure that can happen after spinal cord injury. (london.on.ca)
- Most people have never heard of the term "Autonomic Dysreflexia" (AD) until they have sustained a spinal cord injury or know someone close to them that has sustained an injury. (spinalcord.com)
- The National Institute of Health (NIH) did a systematic review of the management of autonomic dysreflexia following after a spinal cord injury . (spinalcord.com)
- 7 Given that timely and careful evaluation of autonomic function in individuals with SCI is essential for successful clinical management of these patients, the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) and the International Spinal Cord Society (IS-CoS) developed the International Standards for the assessment of remaining autonomic functions following SCI. (cdc.gov)
Potentially1
- Patients and mouse models of spinal injury also are subject to autonomic dysreflexia, a potentially fatal clinical syndrome marked by episodes of high blood pressure. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
Emergency2
- IMSEAR at SEARO: Autonomic dysreflexia: a life threatening emergency. (who.int)
- Autonomic dysreflexia: Emergency situation. (tci-thaijo.org)
Disorders1
- Autonomic disorders and their management. (medlineplus.gov)
Stimulus1
- There are people more likely to suffer an autonomic dysreflexia crisis while others need a very strong stimulus to suffer one. (humexe.com)
Patients2
- Outline the most common presentation and management considerations for patients with autonomic diseases. (nih.gov)
- Caution should be used in patients with a history of autonomic dysreflexia. (gablofen.com)
Dysfunction1
- Summarize the most common etiologic and risk factors for developing autonomic dysfunction. (nih.gov)
Prevent1
- How can I prevent autonomic dysreflexia? (humexe.com)
Identify1
- We hope you found this post useful to identify an autonomic dysreflexia crisis. (humexe.com)
People2
- They all describe typical examples of people experiencing autonomic dysreflexia (AD). (craighospital.org)
- Autonomic Dysreflexia: Probably one of the most critical side effect some spinally injured people face. (mylifeinachair.com)
Bladder10
- Bladder dysfunction and autonomic dysreflexia (AD) are common outcomes of cervical and high thoracic SCI. (scirp.org)
- The causes of autonomic dysreflexia are a variety-the most common thing, is the bladder, typically distended bladder, but sometimes when an individual has a urinary tract infection. (facingdisability.com)
- So it's critical to try to prevent it by good bowel and bladder control, and skin care, and if someone has it, autonomic dysreflexia, it's extremely important that people react to it appropriately. (facingdisability.com)
- Common warning signs of spinal cord disease include paresis, loss of sensation, change in reflexes, and autonomic dysfunction (bowel/bladder, erectile dysfunction, loss of ability to sweat). (pva.org)
- The therapeutic goal is improving key autonomic functions - bladder, bowel, and sexual - effectively and safely. (nih.gov)
- Drs. Phillips and Krassioukov collaboratively research the effects of bladder emptying on autonomic dysreflexia, as well as the need for a consistent definition of neurogenic shock , which causes dangerously low blood pressure following spinal cord injury. (icord.org)
- Autonomic dysreflexia can also be caused by distended bladder, urinary tract infection, pressure sores and a host of other problems associated with physical trauma and pain. (petertan.com)
- It is often triggered by acute pain or … Autonomic Dysreflexia, also known as Hyperreflexia, is a vascular reflex which occurs in response to a stimulus from the bladder, bowel or other internal organ below the level of the lesion in a patient with a high lesion, i.e. above T6. (web.app)
- Autonomic dysreflexia is caused by an irritant below the level of injury, including: Bladder: irritation of the bladder wall, urinary tract infection, blocked catheter or overfilled collection bag. (web.app)
- Our team complete intensive in-house training in all aspects of SCI care: bowel care, bladder care, continence management, safe transfers, use of mobility equipment, pressure area and skin care and identification and response to episodes of autonomic dysreflexia. (fas.org.au)
Patient with autonomic dysreflexia3
- Since there is an increased in warm blood circulating in the area, the patient with autonomic dysreflexia may experience diaphoresis above the level of injury. (picmonic.com)
- The patient with autonomic dysreflexia may experience flushing of the skin above the level of injury due to the increased amount of blood in the area. (picmonic.com)
- The patient with autonomic dysreflexia may experience a throbbing headache. (picmonic.com)
Spasticity1
- Phase 4 (1-12 months), final hyper-reflexia (DTR disappear, spasticity, sometimes orthostatic hypotension versus malignant hypertension of autonomic dysreflexia). (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
Spasms2
- Autonomic dysreflexia may cause pilomotor spasms that cause goosebumps. (picmonic.com)
- For years I hadn't had the confidence, and I couldn't really see the point of spending all that money adapting a car when I would always need somebody with me to get me in and out of the car, and just to be there in case I suffered an episode of Autonomic Dysreflexia, or spasms. (millieandme.net)
Urodynamics3
- The objective is to evaluate autonomic dysreflexia (AD) severity between urodynamics and cystoscopy in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) above thoracic 6 (T6). (scirp.org)
- Autonomic dysreflexia during urodynamics in children and adolescents with spinal cord injury or severe neurologic disease. (nih.gov)
- He studies alterations in cardiac autonomic control and cardiovascular response during urodynamics in people with SCI, as well as the effects of cystoscopy on autonomic dysreflexia during urodynamics. (icord.org)
Noxious stimuli3
- Autonomic dysreflexia is a life-threatening condition caused by a noxious stimuli in individuals with spinal cord injury above the level T6. (picmonic.com)
- Determine the noxious stimuli causing the autonomic dysreflexia and alert the medical team. (picmonic.com)
- Removing the noxious stimuli will help resolve autonomic dysreflexia. (picmonic.com)
Severity1
- The present study examined the effect of a short-acting selective α1 antagonist (prazosin) on autonomic dysreflexia severity using a randomized placebo trial during medically supervised penile vibrostimulation in six males with cervical spinal cord injury. (nih.gov)
Neurologic2
- Briefly, autonomic dysreflexia develops in individuals with a neurologic level of SCI at or above the sixth thoracic vertebral level (T6). (medscape.com)
- Uncommonly, neurologic conditions including autonomic dysreflexia, post-traumatic syringomyelia, stroke , and autonomic neuropathy may cause increased sweating and possibly lead to night sweats. (emedicinehealth.com)
Acute4
- Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is an acute, life-threatening syndrome of uncontrolled sympathetic discharge that occurs in patients with spinal cord injury at T6 or higher. (medscape.com)
- Autonomic dysreflexia is an acute, life-threatening syndrome of uncontrolled sympathetic discharge that occurs, in response to stimuli, in patients with SCI above the splanchnic outflow tract (level T6). (medscape.com)
- Autonomic dysreflexia is a potentially dangerous and, in rare cases, lethal clinical syndrome that develops in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), resulting in acute, uncontrolled hypertension. (medscape.com)
- Autonomic dysreflexia is a medical emergency, characterised by the onset of acute hypertension in patients with spinal cord injuries above the level of T6. (stjohnwa.com.au)
Severe1
- Doing intermediate can survive severe problems, including autonomic dysreflexia and permanent hardware damage. (medved.pw)
Spinal cord inj2
- ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE: System Disorder STUDENT NAME_ Autonomic Dysreflexia DISORDER/DISEASE PROCESS_ REVIEW Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a potentially life-threatening medical emergency that affects people with spinal cord injuries at the T6 level or higher. (web.app)
- Side effects of the procedure may include autonomic dysreflexia in patients with spinal cord injuries at or above the T6 level which presents as headache, skin flushing, sweating, chest tightness, uncontrolled blood pressure, and decreased pulse. (ufhealth.org)
Sensory1
- Sensory and autonomic peripheral neurons innervating the PV are contained in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and pelvic ganglia (PG), respectively. (ubc.ca)
Reflex1
- Autonomic dysreflexia causes an imbalanced reflex sympathetic discharge, leading to potentially life-threatening hypertension. (medscape.com)
Sudden2
Hypothermia2
- Hypothermia associated with autonomic dysreflexia after traumatic spinal cord injury. (nih.gov)
- In some instances (possibly when lesion is T6 or higher), this syndrome is associated with loss of autonomic tone leading to hypotension, hypothermia and illeus. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
Stimulation1
- He is particularly interested in the possibility of using electrical stimulation of the spinal cord to restore autonomic function following spinal cord injury and neurological conditions causing damage to the spinal cord. (icord.org)
Incidence1
- [ 2 ] Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and pressure ulcers are of particular importance because of the high incidence rates and fatalities attributed to each. (medscape.com)
Lesion1
- Autonomic dysreflexia is a medical emergency occurring after spinal cord injury caused by disruption of the normal autonomic responses to a stimulus below the level of spinal cord lesion. (nih.gov)
Management1
- Among other benefits of posterior tilt, Beckwith also listed rest, blood pressure and autonomic dysreflexia management, and using the gravity assist provided by posterior tilt to help with functional reach and exercising shoulders and other joints. (mobilitymgmt.com)
Complication1
- Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD) is a potentially life-threatening complication of spinal cord injury at T6 or above. (sci-can.ca)
Aware2
- Autonomic Dysreflexia: Are Physicians Aware? (bosphorusmedj.com)
- Educate yourself and be aware of Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD). (bardcare.com)
Hypertension3
- As a result, children with autonomic dysreflexia will not only have hypertension, but because their brain can't control what's below the injury, they end up having a, kind of a pounding headache, they may have flushing of their face, they may have sweating, and they may just feel horrible. (facingdisability.com)
- Autonomic dysreflexia may cause episodic high blood pressure known as paroxysmal hypertension. (picmonic.com)
- On a daily basis, the majority of those with high-level spinal cord injury have autonomic dysreflexia, which describes a life-threatening episode of transient extreme hypertension (i.e., as high as 300 mm Hg) as many as 90% of people living with this condition. (nih.gov)
Renal1
- External urinary sphincter ablation using the contact av ANNK KARLSSON · Citerat av 1 - Autonomic control of the heart and renal vascular bed during autonomic dysreflexia in high spinal cord injury. (web.app)
Bowel care1
- This alert has been issued to support safer provision of bowel care for patients at risk of autonomic dysreflexia. (england.nhs.uk)
Krassioukov3
- Dr. Liu collaborates with Dr. Andrei Krassioukov on studies of autonomic function following SCI. (icord.org)
- Biering-Sørensen F, Biering-Sørensen T, Liu N, Malmqvist L, Wecht JM, Krassioukov A. Alterations in cardiac autonomic control in spinal cord injury . (icord.org)
- Liu N, Zhou M, Biering-Sørensen F, Krassioukov AV. Iatrogenic urological triggers of autonomic dysreflexia: a systematic review . (icord.org)
Headache2
- If the patient with spinal cord injury complains of a headache, measuring the blood pressure is critical in helping to determine the presence of autonomic dysreflexia. (picmonic.com)
- After about four weeks I had tapered off of the oxycodone and then had another weeklong headache, that peaked at a non-stop 7 in pain, caused by oxycodone withdrawal and autonomic dysreflexia. (greg.blog)
Occur1
- Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD) can occur for people with a spinal cord injury at or above T6. (web.app)
Patients1
- Caution should be used in patients with a history of autonomic dysreflexia. (gablofen.com)
Medical1
- Autonomic dysreflexia: the forgotten medical emergency. (nih.gov)
Blood pressure1
- One hazard of being a high level paraplegic is Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD), which is essentially the inability to control a rise in blood pressure which will eventually-if left unchecked-result in death. (gizmodo.com)
LEVEL OF INJURY1
- Since autonomic dysreflexia increases the amount of fluid circulating above the level of injury, the patient may experience nasal congestion. (picmonic.com)
Result1
- Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD) is a preventable condition that can result in death if not quickly treated. (pva.org)
Findings1
- A large draining vein is formed by the findings are indicative of autonomic dysreflexia. (accap.org)