Autoantigens. Medical search

Endogenous tissue constituents that have the ability to interact with AUTOANTIBODIES and cause an immune response.

Antibodies that react with self-antigens (AUTOANTIGENS) of the organism that produced them.

Process whereby the immune system reacts against the body's own tissues. Autoimmunity may produce or be caused by AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.

A subclass of receptor-like protein tryosine phosphatases that contain an extracellular RDGS-adhesion recognition motif and a single cytosolic protein tyrosine phosphate domain.

A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the alpha-decarboxylation of L-glutamic acid to form gamma-aminobutyric acid and carbon dioxide. The enzyme is found in bacteria and in invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems. It is the rate-limiting enzyme in determining GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in normal nervous tissues. The brain enzyme also acts on L-cysteate, L-cysteine sulfinate, and L-aspartate. EC 4.1.1.15.

A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.

Small RNAs found in the cytoplasm usually complexed with proteins in scRNPs (RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS, SMALL CYTOPLASMIC).

A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.

Autoantibodies directed against various nuclear antigens including DNA, RNA, histones, acidic nuclear proteins, or complexes of these molecular elements. Antinuclear antibodies are found in systemic autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, scleroderma, polymyositis, and mixed connective tissue disease.

Inflammation of a TESTIS. It has many features of EPIDIDYMITIS, such as swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS and then the TESTIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.

Complexes of RNA-binding proteins with ribonucleic acids (RNA).

An actin capping protein that binds to the barbed-ends of ACTIN filaments. It is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha and a beta subunit. It regulates actin assembly by stabilizing actin oligomers for elongation. In SKELETAL MUSCLE, CapZ is localized to the Z-disk.

FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS, EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cirrhosis involves the destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and bile secretion. Secondary biliary cirrhosis is produced by prolonged obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from a variety of causes.

Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.

The protein components that constitute the common core of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles. These proteins are commonly referred as Sm nuclear antigens due to their antigenic nature.

Loss of scalp and body hair involving microscopically inflammatory patchy areas.

The study of serum, especially of antigen-antibody reactions in vitro.

A subtype of non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases that includes two distinctive targeting motifs; an N-terminal motif specific for the INSULIN RECEPTOR, and a C-terminal motif specific for the SH3 domain containing proteins. This subtype includes a hydrophobic domain which localizes it to the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM.

A strain of non-obese diabetic mice developed in Japan that has been widely studied as a model for T-cell-dependent autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in which insulitis is a major histopathologic feature, and in which genetic susceptibility is strongly MHC-linked.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

The structure of one molecule that imitates or simulates the structure of a different molecule.

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

Irregular microscopic structures consisting of cords of endocrine cells that are scattered throughout the PANCREAS among the exocrine acini. Each islet is surrounded by connective tissue fibers and penetrated by a network of capillaries. There are four major cell types. The most abundant beta cells (50-80%) secrete INSULIN. Alpha cells (5-20%) secrete GLUCAGON. PP cells (10-35%) secrete PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE. Delta cells (~5%) secrete SOMATOSTATIN.

A pancreatic polypeptide of about 110 amino acids, depending on the species, that is the precursor of insulin. Proinsulin, produced by the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS, is comprised sequentially of the N-terminal B-chain, the proteolytically removable connecting C-peptide, and the C-terminal A-chain. It also contains three disulfide bonds, two between A-chain and B-chain. After cleavage at two locations, insulin and C-peptide are the secreted products. Intact proinsulin with low bioactivity also is secreted in small amounts.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Ligand-binding assays that measure protein-protein, protein-small molecule, or protein-nucleic acid interactions using a very large set of capturing molecules, i.e., those attached separately on a solid support, to measure the presence or interaction of target molecules in the sample.

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.

The specific failure of a normally responsive individual to make an immune response to a known antigen. It results from previous contact with the antigen by an immunologically immature individual (fetus or neonate) or by an adult exposed to extreme high-dose or low-dose antigen, or by exposure to radiation, antimetabolites, antilymphocytic serum, etc.

Inflammation of part or all of the uvea, the middle (vascular) tunic of the eye, and commonly involving the other tunics (sclera and cornea, and the retina). (Dorland, 27th ed)

Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid arthritis.

The normal lack of the ability to produce an immunological response to autologous (self) antigens. A breakdown of self tolerance leads to autoimmune diseases. The ability to recognize the difference between self and non-self is the prime function of the immune system.

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Inflammation of a muscle or muscle tissue.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.

Autoimmune diseases affecting multiple endocrine organs. Type I is characterized by childhood onset and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CANDIDIASIS, CHRONIC MUCOCUTANEOUS), while type II exhibits any combination of adrenal insufficiency (ADDISON'S DISEASE), lymphocytic thyroiditis (THYROIDITIS, AUTOIMMUNE;), HYPOPARATHYROIDISM; and gonadal failure. In both types organ-specific ANTIBODIES against a variety of ENDOCRINE GLANDS have been detected. The type II syndrome differs from type I in that it is associated with HLA-A1 and B8 haplotypes, onset is usually in adulthood, and candidiasis is not present.

An abundant cytosolic protein that plays a critical role in the structure of multilamellar myelin. Myelin basic protein binds to the cytosolic sides of myelin cell membranes and causes a tight adhesion between opposing cell membranes.

An enzyme that catalyzes the acetyltransferase reaction using ACETYL CoA as an acetyl donor and dihydrolipoamide as acceptor to produce COENZYME A (CoA) and S-acetyldihydrolipoamide. It forms the (E2) subunit of the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX.

A chronic self-perpetuating hepatocellular INFLAMMATION of unknown cause, usually with HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA and serum AUTOANTIBODIES.

A group of the D-related HLA antigens found to differ from the DR antigens in genetic locus and therefore inheritance. These antigens are polymorphic glycoproteins comprising alpha and beta chains and are found on lymphoid and other cells, often associated with certain diseases.

Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.

A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS, the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA.

The process by which antigen is presented to lymphocytes in a form they can recognize. This is performed by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Some antigens require processing before they can be recognized. Antigen processing consists of ingestion and partial digestion of the antigen by the APC, followed by presentation of fragments on the cell surface. (From Rosen et al., Dictionary of Immunology, 1989)

Antibodies specific to INSULIN.

Cells artificially created by fusion of activated lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. The resulting hybrid cells are cloned and produce pure MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES or T-cell products, identical to those produced by the immunologically competent parent cell.

Surgical removal of the ductus deferens, or a portion of it. It is done in association with prostatectomy, or to induce infertility. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Electrophoresis in which a second perpendicular electrophoretic transport is performed on the separate components resulting from the first electrophoresis. This technique is usually performed on polyacrylamide gels.

A DNA-binding protein that interacts with a 17-base pair sequence known as the CENP-B box motif. The protein is localized constitutively to the CENTROMERE and plays an important role in its maintenance.

A disorder consisting of areas of macular depigmentation, commonly on extensor aspects of extremities, on the face or neck, and in skin folds. Age of onset is often in young adulthood and the condition tends to progress gradually with lesions enlarging and extending until a quiescent state is reached.

In patients with neoplastic diseases a wide variety of clinical pictures which are indirect and usually remote effects produced by tumor cell metabolites or other products.

Subunits of the antigenic determinant that are most easily recognized by the immune system and thus most influence the specificity of the induced antibody.

Inflammatory disease of the THYROID GLAND due to autoimmune responses leading to lymphocytic infiltration of the gland. It is characterized by the presence of circulating thyroid antigen-specific T-CELLS and thyroid AUTOANTIBODIES. The clinical signs can range from HYPOTHYROIDISM to THYROTOXICOSIS depending on the type of autoimmune thyroiditis.

Highly conserved nuclear RNA-protein complexes that function in RNA processing in the nucleus, including pre-mRNA splicing and pre-mRNA 3'-end processing in the nucleoplasm, and pre-rRNA processing in the nucleolus (see RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS, SMALL NUCLEOLAR).

A hydro-lyase that catalyzes the dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate to form PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE. Several different isoforms of this enzyme exist, each with its own tissue specificity.

A nuclear RNA-protein complex that plays a role in RNA processing. In the nucleoplasm, the U1 snRNP along with other small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (U2, U4-U6, and U5) assemble into SPLICEOSOMES that remove introns from pre-mRNA by splicing. The U1 snRNA forms base pairs with conserved sequence motifs at the 5'-splice site and recognizes both the 5'- and 3'-splice sites and may have a fundamental role in aligning the two sites for the splicing reaction.

Methods used for studying the interactions of antibodies with specific regions of protein antigens. Important applications of epitope mapping are found within the area of immunochemistry.

Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

Antigenic determinants recognized and bound by the T-cell receptor. Epitopes recognized by the T-cell receptor are often located in the inner, unexposed side of the antigen, and become accessible to the T-cell receptors after proteolytic processing of the antigen.

Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of AUTOANTIBODIES which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own RED BLOOD CELLS.

A mouse substrain that is genetically predisposed to the development of systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome, which has been found to be clinically similar to the human disease. It has been determined that this mouse strain carries a mutation in the fas gene. Also, the MRL/lpr is a useful model to study behavioral and cognitive deficits found in autoimmune diseases and the efficacy of immunosuppressive agents.

A large collection of DNA fragments cloned (CLONING, MOLECULAR) from a given organism, tissue, organ, or cell type. It may contain complete genomic sequences (GENOMIC LIBRARY) or complementary DNA sequences, the latter being formed from messenger RNA and lacking intron sequences.

Cell surface proteins that bind pituitary THYROTROPIN (also named thyroid stimulating hormone or TSH) and trigger intracellular changes of the target cells. TSH receptors are present in the nervous system and on target cells in the thyroid gland. Autoantibodies to TSH receptors are implicated in thyroid diseases such as GRAVES DISEASE and Hashimoto disease (THYROIDITIS, AUTOIMMUNE).

A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.

Antigenic determinants recognized and bound by the B-cell receptor. Epitopes recognized by the B-cell receptor are located on the surface of the antigen.

A subclass of HLA-D antigens that consist of alpha and beta chains. The inheritance of HLA-DR antigens differs from that of the HLA-DQ ANTIGENS and HLA-DP ANTIGENS.

A heterogeneous group of disorders, some hereditary, others acquired, characterized by abnormal structure or function of one or more of the elements of connective tissue, i.e., collagen, elastin, or the mucopolysaccharides.

A hemeprotein that catalyzes the oxidation of the iodide radical to iodine with the subsequent iodination of many organic compounds, particularly proteins. EC 1.11.1.8.

The processes triggered by interactions of ANTIBODIES with their ANTIGENS.

The time period before the development of symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).

A polymorphonuclear leukocyte-derived serine protease that degrades proteins such as ELASTIN; FIBRONECTIN; LAMININ; VITRONECTIN; and COLLAGEN. It is named for its ability to control myeloid cell growth and differentiation.

A 48-Kd protein of the outer segment of the retinal rods and a component of the phototransduction cascade. Arrestin quenches G-protein activation by binding to phosphorylated photolyzed rhodopsin. Arrestin causes experimental autoimmune uveitis when injected into laboratory animals.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

A form of fluorescent antibody technique commonly used to detect serum antibodies and immune complexes in tissues and microorganisms in specimens from patients with infectious diseases. The technique involves formation of an antigen-antibody complex which is labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)

Diseases characterized by inflammation involving multiple muscles. This may occur as an acute or chronic condition associated with medication toxicity (DRUG TOXICITY); CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES; infections; malignant NEOPLASMS; and other disorders. The term polymyositis is frequently used to refer to a specific clinical entity characterized by subacute or slowly progressing symmetrical weakness primarily affecting the proximal limb and trunk muscles. The illness may occur at any age, but is most frequent in the fourth to sixth decade of life. Weakness of pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles, interstitial lung disease, and inflammation of the myocardium may also occur. Muscle biopsy reveals widespread destruction of segments of muscle fibers and an inflammatory cellular response. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1404-9)

A form of cutaneous tuberculosis. It is seen predominantly in women and typically involves the NASAL MUCOSA; BUCCAL MUCOSA; and conjunctival mucosa.

A neuronal calcium-sensor protein that was initially found in the NEURONS of the HIPPOCAMPUS. It interacts with NEURONAL APOPTOSIS-INHIBITORY PROTEIN.

Form of passive immunization where previously sensitized immunologic agents (cells or serum) are transferred to non-immune recipients. When transfer of cells is used as a therapy for the treatment of neoplasms, it is called adoptive immunotherapy (IMMUNOTHERAPY, ADOPTIVE).

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.

Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms.

Immunologically detectable substances found in the CELL NUCLEUS.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III - focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification 1982).

A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.

Alteration of the immune system or of an immune response by agents that activate or suppress its function. This can include IMMUNIZATION or administration of immunomodulatory drugs. Immunomodulation can also encompass non-therapeutic alteration of the immune system effected by endogenous or exogenous substances.

The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS.

A family of serine endopeptidases found in the SECRETORY GRANULES of LEUKOCYTES such as CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES and NATURAL KILLER CELLS. When secreted into the intercellular space granzymes act to eliminate transformed and virus-infected host cells.

A syndrome with overlapping clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, polymyositis, and Raynaud's phenomenon. The disease is differentially characterized by high serum titers of antibodies to ribonuclease-sensitive extractable (saline soluble) nuclear antigen and a "speckled" epidermal nuclear staining pattern on direct immunofluorescence.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)

A transmembrane protein present in the MYELIN SHEATH of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. It is one of the main autoantigens implicated in the pathogenesis of MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS.

A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

Large, transmembrane, non-covalently linked glycoproteins (alpha and beta). Both chains can be polymorphic although there is more structural variation in the beta chains. The class II antigens in humans are called HLA-D ANTIGENS and are coded by a gene on chromosome 6. In mice, two genes named IA and IE on chromosome 17 code for the H-2 antigens. The antigens are found on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, epidermal cells, and sperm and are thought to mediate the competence of and cellular cooperation in the immune response. The term IA antigens used to refer only to the proteins encoded by the IA genes in the mouse, but is now used as a generic term for any class II histocompatibility antigen.

That region of the immunoglobulin molecule that varies in its amino acid sequence and composition, and comprises the binding site for a specific antigen. It is located at the N-terminus of the Fab fragment of the immunoglobulin. It includes hypervariable regions (COMPLEMENTARITY DETERMINING REGIONS) and framework regions.

Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement.

A subacute or chronic inflammatory disease of muscle and skin, marked by proximal muscle weakness and a characteristic skin rash. The illness occurs with approximately equal frequency in children and adults. The skin lesions usually take the form of a purplish rash (or less often an exfoliative dermatitis) involving the nose, cheeks, forehead, upper trunk, and arms. The disease is associated with a complement mediated intramuscular microangiopathy, leading to loss of capillaries, muscle ischemia, muscle-fiber necrosis, and perifascicular atrophy. The childhood form of this disease tends to evolve into a systemic vasculitis. Dermatomyositis may occur in association with malignant neoplasms. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1405-6)

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of immune system, processes, or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electrical equipment.

A myelin protein found in the periaxonal membrane of both the central and peripheral nervous systems myelin sheaths. It binds to cells surface receptors found on AXONS and may regulate cellular interactions between MYELIN and AXONS.

A collection of cloned peptides, or chemically synthesized peptides, frequently consisting of all possible combinations of amino acids making up an n-amino acid peptide.

IMMUNOGLOBULINS on the surface of B-LYMPHOCYTES. Their MESSENGER RNA contains an EXON with a membrane spanning sequence, producing immunoglobulins in the form of type I transmembrane proteins as opposed to secreted immunoglobulins (ANTIBODIES) which do not contain the membrane spanning segment.

Removal, via CELL DEATH, of immature lymphocytes that interact with antigens during maturation. For T-lymphocytes this occurs in the thymus and ensures that mature T-lymphocytes are self tolerant. B-lymphocytes may also undergo clonal deletion.

A disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by weakness of cranial and skeletal muscles. Autoantibodies directed against acetylcholine receptors damage the motor endplate portion of the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION, impairing the transmission of impulses to skeletal muscles. Clinical manifestations may include diplopia, ptosis, and weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles. THYMOMA is commonly associated with this condition. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1459)

An experimental animal model for central nervous system demyelinating disease. Inoculation with a white matter emulsion combined with FREUND'S ADJUVANT, myelin basic protein, or purified central myelin triggers a T cell-mediated immune response directed towards central myelin. The pathologic features are similar to MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, including perivascular and periventricular foci of inflammation and demyelination. Subpial demyelination underlying meningeal infiltrations also occurs, which is also a feature of ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED. Passive immunization with T-cells from an afflicted animal to a normal animal also induces this condition. (From Immunol Res 1998;17(1-2):217-27; Raine CS, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p604-5)

A heterogeneous group of immunocompetent cells that mediate the cellular immune response by processing and presenting antigens to the T-cells. Traditional antigen-presenting cells include MACROPHAGES; DENDRITIC CELLS; LANGERHANS CELLS; and B-LYMPHOCYTES. FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS are not traditional antigen-presenting cells, but because they hold antigen on their cell surface in the form of IMMUNE COMPLEXES for B-cell recognition they are considered so by some authors.

MYELIN-specific proteins that play a structural or regulatory role in the genesis and maintenance of the lamellar MYELIN SHEATH structure.

A class of closely related heterogeneous-nuclear ribonucleoproteins of approximately 34-40 kDa in size. Although they are generally found in the nucleoplasm, they also shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Members of this class have been found to have a role in mRNA transport, telomere biogenesis and RNA SPLICING.

Local surface sites on antibodies which react with antigen determinant sites on antigens (EPITOPES.) They are formed from parts of the variable regions of FAB FRAGMENTS.

A multienzyme complex responsible for the formation of ACETYL COENZYME A from pyruvate. The enzyme components are PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE (LIPOAMIDE); dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase; and LIPOAMIDE DEHYDROGENASE. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is subject to three types of control: inhibited by acetyl-CoA and NADH; influenced by the energy state of the cell; and inhibited when a specific serine residue in the pyruvate decarboxylase is phosphorylated by ATP. PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE (LIPOAMIDE)-PHOSPHATASE catalyzes reactivation of the complex. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed)

A myelin protein that is the major component of the organic solvent extractable lipoprotein complexes of whole brain. It has been the subject of much study because of its unusual physical properties. It remains soluble in chloroform even after essentially all of its bound lipids have been removed. (From Siegel et al., Basic Neurochemistry, 4th ed, p122)

A pattern recognition receptor that binds several forms of imidazo-quinoline including the antiviral compound Imiquimod.

A pattern recognition receptor that binds unmethylated CPG CLUSTERS. It mediates cellular responses to bacterial pathogens by distinguishing between self and bacterial DNA.

Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).

A highly vascularized endocrine gland consisting of two lobes joined by a thin band of tissue with one lobe on each side of the TRACHEA. It secretes THYROID HORMONES from the follicular cells and CALCITONIN from the parafollicular cells thereby regulating METABOLISM and CALCIUM level in blood, respectively.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

A classification of T-lymphocytes, especially into helper/inducer, suppressor/effector, and cytotoxic subsets, based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells.

The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE. It contains mucin, albumin, fat, and mineral salts and serves to lubricate joints.

A CELL LINE derived from human T-CELL LEUKEMIA and used to determine the mechanism of differential susceptibility to anti-cancer drugs and radiation.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

A type of pancreatic cell representing about 50-80% of the islet cells. Beta cells secrete INSULIN.

Proteins which bind with RETINOL. The retinol-binding protein found in plasma has an alpha-1 mobility on electrophoresis and a molecular weight of about 21 kDa. The retinol-protein complex (MW=80-90 kDa) circulates in plasma in the form of a protein-protein complex with prealbumin. The retinol-binding protein found in tissue has a molecular weight of 14 kDa and carries retinol as a non-covalently-bound ligand.

The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.

Human immune-response or Class II antigens found mainly, but not exclusively, on B-lymphocytes and produced from genes of the HLA-D locus. They are extremely polymorphic families of glycopeptides, each consisting of two chains, alpha and beta. This group of antigens includes the -DR, -DQ and -DP designations, of which HLA-DR is most studied; some of these glycoproteins are associated with certain diseases, possibly of immune etiology.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

Molecules on the surface of T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with antigens. The receptors are non-covalently associated with a complex of several polypeptides collectively called CD3 antigens (ANTIGENS, CD3). Recognition of foreign antigen and the major histocompatibility complex is accomplished by a single heterodimeric antigen-receptor structure, composed of either alpha-beta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, ALPHA-BETA) or gamma-delta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA) chains.

Explanations for the clinical and microscopic localization of lesions in pemphigus foliaceus and vulgaris. (1/5266)

Patients with pemphigus foliaceus (PF) have blisters on skin, but not mucous membranes, whereas patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) develop blisters on mucous membranes and/or skin. PF and PV blisters are due to loss of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion in the superficial and deep epidermis, respectively. PF autoantibodies are directed against desmoglein (Dsg) 1; PV autoantibodies bind Dsg3 or both Dsg3 and Dsg1. In this study, we test the hypothesis that coexpression of Dsg1 and Dsg3 in keratinocytes protects against pathology due to antibody-induced dysfunction of either one alone. Using passive transfer of pemphigus IgG to normal and DSG3(null) neonatal mice, we show that in the areas of epidermis and mucous membrane that coexpress Dsg1 and Dsg3, antibodies against either desmoglein alone do not cause spontaneous blisters, but antibodies against both do. In areas (such as superficial epidermis of normal mice) where Dsg1 without Dsg3 is expressed, anti-Dsg1 antibodies alone can cause blisters. Thus, the anti-desmoglein antibody profiles in pemphigus sera and the normal tissue distributions of Dsg1 and Dsg3 determine the sites of blister formation. These studies suggest that pemphigus autoantibodies inhibit the adhesive function of desmoglein proteins, and demonstrate that either Dsg1 or Dsg3 alone is sufficient to maintain keratinocyte adhesion. (+info)

Herpes virus induced proteasome-dependent degradation of the nuclear bodies-associated PML and Sp100 proteins. (2/5266)

The PML protein is associated to nuclear bodies (NBs) whose functions are as yet unknown. PML and two other NBs-associated proteins, Sp100 And ISG20 are directly induced by interferons (IFN). PML and Sp100 proteins are covalently linked to SUMO-1, and ubiquitin-like peptide. PML NBs are disorganized in acute promyelocytic leukemia and during several DNA virus infections. In particular, the HSV-1 ICP0 protein is known to delocalize PML from NBs. Thus, NBs could play an important role in oncogenesis, IFN response and viral infections. Here, we show that HSV-1 induced PML protein degradation without altering its mRNA level. This degradation was time- and multiplicity of infection-dependent. Sp100 protein was also degraded, while another SUMO-1 conjugated protein, RanGAP1 and the IFN-induced protein kinase PKR were not. The proteasome inhibitor MG132 abrogated the HSV-1-induced PML and Sp100 degradation and partially restored their NB-localization. HSV-1 induced PML and Sp100 degradation constitutes a new example of viral inactivation of IFN target gene products. (+info)

The endosome fusion regulator early-endosomal autoantigen 1 (EEA1) is a dimer. (3/5266)

EEA1, an early-endosomal protein originally identified as an autoantigen, is essential for endocytic membrane fusion. It interacts with early endosomes via binding to the membrane lipid phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) and the active form of the small GTPase Rab5. Most of the EEA1 sequence contains heptad repeats characteristic of proteins involved in coiled-coil protein-protein interactions. Here we have investigated the ability of EEA1 to self-interact. Crosslinking of cytosolic and recombinant EEA1 resulted in the disappearance of the 180-kDa monomer in SDS/PAGE and the strong appearance of a approximately 350-kDa crosslinked product. Glycerol gradient centrifugation experiments indicated that native EEA1 had the same hydrodynamic properties as the approximately 350-kDa crosslinked complex. Two-hybrid analysis indicated that N- and C-terminal fragments of EEA1 can interact with themselves, but not with each other, suggesting that EEA1 forms parallel coiled-coil dimers. The ability of the C-terminus of EEA1 to dimerize correlates with its ability to bind to Rab5 and early endosomes, whereas its binding to PtdIns3P is independent of dimerization. These data enable us to propose a model for the quaternary structure of EEA1. (+info)

Crystal structures of two Sm protein complexes and their implications for the assembly of the spliceosomal snRNPs. (4/5266)

The U1, U2, U4/U6, and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) involved in pre-mRNA splicing contain seven Sm proteins (B/B', D1, D2, D3, E, F, and G) in common, which assemble around the Sm site present in four of the major spliceosomal small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). These proteins share a common sequence motif in two segments, Sm1 and Sm2, separated by a short variable linker. Crystal structures of two Sm protein complexes, D3B and D1D2, show that these proteins have a common fold containing an N-terminal helix followed by a strongly bent five-stranded antiparallel beta sheet, and the D1D2 and D3B dimers superpose closely in their core regions, including the dimer interfaces. The crystal structures suggest that the seven Sm proteins could form a closed ring and the snRNAs may be bound in the positively charged central hole. (+info)

Fine specificity of the autoimmune response to the Ro/SSA and La/SSB ribonucleoproteins. (5/5266)

The fine specificity of the Ro and La proteins has been studied by several techniques. In general, there is agreement in a qualitative sense that autoantibodies bind multiple epitopes. For some specific antibody binding, different studies agree quantitatively, for instance, the binding of the carboxyl terminus of 60-kd Ro as described by 2 studies using different techniques and the presence of an epitope within the leucine zipper of 52-kd Ro. In addition, there is general agreement about the location of a prominent epitope at the RRM motif region of the La molecule. On the other hand, the many specific epitope regions of the molecules differ among these studies. These discrepancies are likely the result of using different techniques, sera, and peptide constructs as well as a result of inherent advantages and disadvantages in the individual approaches. Several theories concerning the origin of not only the antibodies, but also the diseases themselves, have been generated from studies of the fine specificity of antibody binding. These include a theory of a primordial foreign antigen for anti-Ro autoimmunity, molecular mimicry with regard to La and CCHB, as well as the association of anti-Ro with HLA. These remain unproven, but are of continuing interest. An explanation for the association of anti-60-kd Ro and anti-52-kd Ro in the sera of patients has sprung from evaluating antibody binding. Data demonstrating multiple epitopes are part of a large body of evidence that strongly suggests an antigen-driven immune response. This means that the autoantigens are directly implicated in initiating and sustaining autoimmunity in their associated diseases. A number of studies have investigated the possibility of differences in the immune response to these antigens in SS and SLE sera. While several differences have been reported, none have been reproduced in a second cohort of patients. Furthermore, none of the reported differences may be sufficiently robust for clinical purposes, such as distinguishing between SS with systemic features and mild SLE, although some might be promising. For instance, in at least 3 groups of SLE patients, no binding of residues spanning amino acids 21-41 of 60-kd Ro has been found. Meanwhile, 1 of those studies found that 41% of sera from patients with primary SS bound the 60-kd Ro peptide 21-41. Perhaps future studies will elaborate a clinical role of such a difference among SS and SLE patients. Study of the epitopes of these autoantigens has, in part, led to a new animal model of anti-Ro and anti-La. Non-autoimmune-prone animals are immunized with proteins or peptides that make up the Ro/La RNP. Such animals develop an autoimmune response to the entire particle, not just the immunogen. This response has been hypothesized to arise from autoreactive B cells. In another, older animal model of disease, the MRL-lpr/lpr mouse, B cells have recently been shown to be required for the generation of abnormal, autoreactive T cells. Thus, there are now powerful data indicating that B cells that produce autoantibodies are directly involved in the pathogenesis of disease above and beyond the formation of immune complexes. Given that the autoreactive B cell is potentially critical to the underlying pathogenesis of disease, then studying these cells will be crucial to further understanding the origin of diseases associated with Ro and La autoimmunity. Hopefully, an increased understanding will eventually lead to improved treatment of patients. Progress in the area of treatment will almost surely be incremental, and studies of the fine specificity of autoantibody binding will be a part of the body of basic knowledge contributing to ultimate advancement. In the future, the animal models will need to be examined with regard to immunology and immunochemistry as well as genetics. The development of these autoantibodies has not been studied extensively because upon presentation to medical care, virtually all patients have a full- (+info)

Goodpasture antigen: expression of the full-length alpha3(IV) chain of collagen IV and localization of epitopes exclusively to the noncollagenous domain. (6/5266)

BACKGROUND: Tissue injury in Goodpasture (GP) syndrome (rapidly progressive glomerular nephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage) is mediated by antibasement membrane antibodies that are targeted to the alpha3(IV) chain of type IV collagen, one of five alpha(IV) chains that occur in the glomerular basement membrane. GP antibodies are known to bind epitopes within the carboxyl terminal noncollagenous domain (NC1) of the alpha3(IV) chain, termed the GP autoantigen. Whether epitopes also exist in the 1400-residue collagenous domain is unknown because studies to date have focused solely on the NC1 domain. A knowledge of GP epitopes is important for the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease and for the development of therapeutic strategies. METHODS: A cDNA construct was prepared for the full-length human alpha3(IV) chain. The construct was stably transfected into human embryonic kidney 293 cells. The purified full-length r-alpha3(IV) chain was characterized by electrophoresis and electron microscopy. The capacity of this chain for binding of GP antibodies from five patients was compared with that of the human r-alpha3(IV)NC1 domain by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The r-alpha3(IV) chain was secreted from 293 cells as a single polypeptide chain that did not spontaneously undergo assembly into a triple-helical molecule. An analysis of GP-antibody binding to the full-length r-alpha3(IV) chain showed binding exclusively to the globular NC1 domain. CONCLUSION: The full-length human alpha3(IV) chain possesses the capacity to bind GP autoantibodies. The epitope(s) is found exclusively on the nontriple-helical NC1 domain of the alpha3(IV) chain, indicating the presence of specific immunogenic properties. The alpha3(IV) chain alone does not spontaneously undergo assembly into a triple-helical homotrimeric molecule, suggesting that coassembly with either the alpha4(IV) and/or the alpha5(IV) chain may be required for triple-helix formation. (+info)

Identification of a clinically relevant immunodominant region of collagen IV in Goodpasture disease. (7/5266)

BACKGROUND: The characteristic feature of Goodpasture disease is the occurrence of an autoantibody response to the noncollagenous domain of the alpha3 chain of type IV collagen [alpha3(IV)NC1] in the alveolar and glomerular basement membrane. These antibodies are associated with the development of a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, with or without lung hemorrhage, whereas autoantibodies specific for the other alpha chains of the heterotrimeric type IV collagen probably do not cause disease. In this study, we have investigated whether differences in fine specificity of autoimmune recognition of the alpha3(IV)NC1 correlate with clinical outcome. METHODS: For mapping of antibody binding to type IV collagen, chimeric collagen constructs were generated in which parts of the alpha3(IV)NC1 domain were replaced by the corresponding sequences of homologous nonreactive alpha1(IV). The different recombinant collagen chimeras allowed the analysis of antibody specificities in 77 sera from well-documented patients. RESULTS: One construct that harbors the aminoterminal third of the alpha3(IV)NC1 was recognized by all sera, indicating that it represents the dominant target of the B-cell response in Goodpasture disease. Seventy percent of the samples recognized other parts of the molecule as well. However, only reactivity to the N-terminus of the alpha3(IV)NC1 correlated with prognosis, that is, kidney survival after six months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The results indicate the crucial importance of antibody recognition of this particular domain for the pathogenesis of Goodpasture disease, thereby opening new avenues for the development of better diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. (+info)

Activated human T cells, B cells, and monocytes produce brain-derived neurotrophic factor in vitro and in inflammatory brain lesions: a neuroprotective role of inflammation? (8/5266)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has potent effects on neuronal survival and plasticity during development and after injury. In the nervous system, neurons are considered the major cellular source of BDNF. We demonstrate here that in addition, activated human T cells, B cells, and monocytes secrete bioactive BDNF in vitro. Notably, in T helper (Th)1- and Th2-type CD4(+) T cell lines specific for myelin autoantigens such as myelin basic protein or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, BDNF production is increased upon antigen stimulation. The BDNF secreted by immune cells is bioactive, as it supports neuronal survival in vitro. Using anti-BDNF monoclonal antibody and polyclonal antiserum, BDNF immunoreactivity is demonstrable in inflammatory infiltrates in the brain of patients with acute disseminated encephalitis and multiple sclerosis. The results raise the possibility that in the nervous system, inflammatory infiltrates have a neuroprotective effect, which may limit the success of nonselective immunotherapies. (+info)

Riemekasten G, Hahn BH (August 2005). "Key autoantigens in SLE". Rheumatology. 44 (8): 975-82. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keh688 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-protein

cite journal}}: Cite journal requires ,journal= (help) Toh BH (1979). "Smooth muscle autoantibodies and autoantigens". Clin Exp ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_John_Holborow

Shamshiev A, Donda A, Carena I, Mori L, Kappos L, De Libero G (May 1999). "Self glycolipids as T-cell autoantigens". European ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_1_CD1-restricted_T_cells

Le Romancer M, Reyl-Desmars F, Cherifi Y, Pigeon C, Bottari S, Meyer O, Lewin MJ (1994). "The 86-kDa subunit of autoantigen Ku ... Ku80 has been referred to by several names including: Lupus Ku autoantigen protein p80 ATP-dependent DNA helicase 2 subunit 2 X ... Cao QP, Pitt S, Leszyk J, Baril EF (1994). "DNA-dependent ATPase from HeLa cells is related to human Ku autoantigen". ... Myung K, He DM, Lee SE, Hendrickson EA (1997). "KARP-1: a novel leucine zipper protein expressed from the Ku86 autoantigen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku80

Teuscher C, Wild GC, Tung KS (1982). "Immunochemical analysis of guinea pig sperm autoantigens". Biol. Reprod. 26 (2): 218-229 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_privilege

... can generate autoantigens by cleaving in disordered regions and linker regions of antigens exposing new epitopes and ... Darrah E, Rosen A (April 2010). "Granzyme B cleavage of autoantigens in autoimmunity". Cell Death and Differentiation. 17 (4): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granzyme_B

Individual autoantigens are deposited in an array of dots onto a surface such as polystyrene. A single array could consist of ... Autoantigens present on the blebs of apoptotic cells are also prone to modification, which can increase their immunogenicity. ... Similar to the flow cytometry method of ANA detection, the MIA uses wells containing autoantigens and HEp-2 extract coated ... Blebs on apoptotic cells contain nearly all the autoantigens found in SLE, and phagocytes bind these apoptotic cells and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-dsDNA_antibodies

Teuscher C, Wild GC, Tung KS (1982). "Immunochemical analysis of guinea pig sperm autoantigens". Biology of Reproduction. 26 (2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testicular_immunology

RoSSA interacts with autoantigens in patients with Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. In addition, the ... Frank MB, McCubbin VR, Heldermon C (January 1995). "Expression and DNA binding of the human 52 kDa Ro/SSA autoantigen". The ... The 52- and 60-kD Ro/SSA autoantigens are encoded by separate genes". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 87 (1): 177-86. ... Keech CL, Gordon TP, McCluskey J (May 1996). "Structural differences between the human and mouse 52-kD Ro autoantigens ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRIM21

Dohlam, JG; Lupas, A; Carson, M (1993). "Long charge-rich alpha-helices in systemic autoantigens". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. ... A physicochemical analysis of common structural motifs present in 109 human autoantigens revealed that tropomyosins have the ... highest number of such motifs, and thus a very high propensity to act as autoantigens. In addition to the role tropomyosins ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropomyosin

Blaes F, Fühlhuber V, Preissner KT (2007). "Identification of autoantigens in pediatric opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome". Expert ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Hu_associated_encephalitis

1993). "Islet cell autoantigen 69 kD (ICA69). Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel diabetes-associated autoantigen ... "Entrez Gene: ICA1 islet cell autoantigen 1, 69kDa". Nepom GT (1996). "Glutamic acid decarboxylase and other autoantigens in ... Islet cell autoantigen 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ICA1 gene. This gene encodes a protein with an arfaptin ... 1998). "Anti-BSA antibodies do not cross-react with the 69-kDa islet cell autoantigen ICA69". J. Autoimmun. 11 (3): 223-31. doi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICA1

Fritsch et al.: Characterization of autoreactive T cells to the autoantigens RA33 (hnRNP A2) and filaggrin in patients with ... Steiner et al.: Purification and partial sequencing of the nuclear autoantigen RA33 shows that it is indistinguishable from the ... RA33, also known as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1, is an autoantigen in human systemic autoimmune diseases. In ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RA33

Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; Graves disease autoantigen), member 16 is a protein in humans that is encoded ... "Entrez Gene: Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; Graves disease autoantigen), member 16". Retrieved 2012-11-27. v ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLC25A16

September 2005). "Identification of specific autoantigens in Sjögren's syndrome by SEREX". Immunology. 116 (1): 53-63. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelch-like_protein_12

It causes thyrocyte damage and the release of autoantigens. Iodine also promotes follicular cell apoptosis and has an influence ... They can present thyroid autoantigens and initiate autoimmune thyroid disease. Susceptibility alleles are not consistent in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hashimoto's_thyroiditis

... and ILF3 have been identified as autoantigens in mice with induced lupus, in canine systemic rheumatic autoimmune disease ... "ILF2 and ILF3 are autoantigens in canine systemic autoimmune disease". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 4852. Bibcode:2018NatSR... ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ILF2

ILF2 and ILF3 have been identified as autoantigens in mice with induced lupus, in canine systemic rheumatic autoimmune disease ... "ILF2 and ILF3 are autoantigens in canine systemic autoimmune disease". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 4852. Bibcode:2018NatSR... ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ILF3

The autoantigen is the nucleoporin 62kDA protein. Wesierska-Gadek J, Hohenuer H, Hitchman E, Penner E (1996). "Autoantibodies ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-p62_antibodies

"Muscle autoantigens in thyroid associated ophthalmopathy: the limits of molecular genetics". J. Endocrinol. Invest. 16 (7): 533 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RBM25

Elisei R, Weightman D, Kendall-Taylor P, Vassart G, Ludgate M (1993). "Muscle autoantigens in thyroid associated ophthalmopathy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSPB2

2011). "Autoantigen discovery with a synthetic human peptidome". Nature Biotechnology. 29 (6): 535-541. doi:10.1038/nbt.1856. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhIP-Seq

Calcium-binding atopy-related autoantigen 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CBARA1 gene. Mutations in this gene ... "Entrez Gene: CBARA1 calcium binding atopy-related autoantigen 1". Mojbafan M, Nojehdeh ST, Rahiminejad F, Nilipour Y, ... "Isolation of cDNA clones coding for IgE autoantigens with serum IgE from atopic dermatitis patients". FASEB J. 12 (14): 1559-69 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBARA1

Grandvaux N, Grizot S, Vignais PV, Dagher MC (Feb 1999). "The Ku70 autoantigen interacts with p40phox in B lymphocytes". J. ... Grandvaux N, Grizot S, Vignais PV, Dagher MC (1999). "The Ku70 autoantigen interacts with p40phox in B lymphocytes". J. Cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrophil_cytosolic_factor_4

February 2011). "Investigations of caspr2, an autoantigen of encephalitis and neuromyotonia". Annals of Neurology. 69 (2): 303- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraneoplastic_syndrome

The chaperone protein acts as auto antigen in atherosclerosis. Increased oxidative stress causes the formation of high-density ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hsp70

Lu L, Tai G, Hong W (October 2004). "Autoantigen Golgin-97, an effector of Arl1 GTPase, participates in traffic from the ... Lu L, Hong W (September 2003). "Interaction of Arl1-GTP with GRIP domains recruits autoantigens Golgin-97 and Golgin-245/p230 ... "Entrez Gene: GOLGA1 golgi autoantigen, golgin subfamily a, 1". Lu L, Hong W (September 2003). "Interaction of Arl1-GTP with ... "Molecular cloning of a novel 97-kd Golgi complex autoantigen associated with Sjögren's syndrome". Arthritis and Rheumatism. 40 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GOLGA1

"Entrez Gene: GOLGA5 golgi autoantigen, golgin subfamily a, 5". Satoh, Ayano; Wang Yanzhuang; Malsam Jörg; Beard Matthew B; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GOLGA5

Fritzler MJ, Hamel JC, Ochs RL, Chan EK (Jul 1993). "Molecular characterization of two human autoantigens: unique cDNAs ... "Entrez Gene: GOLGA3 golgi autoantigen, golgin subfamily a, 3". Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GOLGA3

Winqvist O, Karlsson FA, Kämpe O (June 1992). "21-Hydroxylase, a major autoantigen in idiopathic Addison's disease". The Lancet ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_insufficiency

We present evidence that nucleosomes are major autoantigens in human SLE and that antinucleosomal antibodies are highly ... Nucleosomes are major T and B cell autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus Arthritis Rheum. 2000 Oct;43(10):2307-15. doi: ... T cell responses to autoantigens, including DNA, have been reported only incidentally in SLE patients. Nevertheless, in murine ... Conclusion: We present evidence that nucleosomes are major autoantigens in human SLE and that antinucleosomal antibodies are ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11037891/?dopt=Abstract

The lupus autoantigens and the pathenogenesis of systemic lupus erythromatosus.. Arthritis Rheum. 1986; 29: 457-460. *Scopus ( ... CENP-C, an autoantigen in scleroderma, is a component of the human inner kinetochore plate. *. Hisato Saitoh. Hisato Saitoh ... Analysis of anti-centromere autoantibodies using cloned autoantigen CENP-B.. in: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA).84. 1987: 4979- ... CENP-C, an autoantigen in scleroderma, is a component of the human inner kinetochore plate ...

https://www.cell.com/cell/pdf/0092-8674

... that mMDH can be defined as an autoantigen. Whiteskby´s postulates were taken as criteria for the definition of an autoantigen ... that mMDH can be defined as an autoantigen. Whiteskby´s postulates were taken as criteria for the definition of an autoantigen ... dass mMDH als Autoantigen definiert werden kann. Als Definitionskriterien für ein Autoantigen dienten die Witebskyschen ... dass mMDH als Autoantigen definiert werden kann. Als Definitionskriterien für ein Autoantigen dienten die Witebskyschen ...

https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3615/

T Cell Responses to Neural Autoantigens Are Similar in Alzheimers Disease Patients and Age-Matched Healthy Controls. ...

https://www.lji.org/publication-type/t-cell-responses-to-neural-autoantigens-are-similar-in-alzheimers-disease-patients-and-age-matched-healthy-controls-2/

International Workshop on Lessons from Animal Models for Human Type 1 Diabetes: analyzing target autoantigens of humoral ... International Workshop on Lessons from Animal Models for Human Type 1 Diabetes: analyzing target autoantigens of humoral ... analyzing target autoantigens of humoral immunity in nonobese diabetic mice. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Apr; 958:1-2. ...

https://profiles.umassmed.edu/display/77649

... Grant ...

http://scholars.uab.edu/display/grant-000522397

Línea de atención a estudiantes: (601) 297 0200 opción 3 y 1 I Calle 12C Nº 6-25 - Bogotá D.C. Colombia.. ...

https://repository.urosario.edu.co/browse?type=subject&value=Autoantigens

... Author: Stoeckle, Christina; Quecke, Paula; ... Cathepsin S dominates autoantigen processing in human thymic dendritic cells. DSpace Repository. Login ...

https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/50952

Ku-autoantigen acts as a potential transcription factor for several RNA polymerase II genes and RNA polymerase I gene. Ku is ... Therefore, Ku-autoantigen is a very important cellular factor which plays important role in the multiple cellular processes. ... Autoantigen Ku and its role in multiple cellular processes. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 1997 Dec; 35(12): 1261-72. ... Ku is a DNA binding protein composed of 70 and 80 kDa subunits which was discovered as autoantigen in a patient with ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/55869?locale=en

Autoantigens * RNA, Small Cytoplasmic * RO60 protein, human * Ribonucleoproteins * Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear * SS-A ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3230562/?dopt=Abstract

Research Areas: autoantigens, autoimmune diseases, cytotoxic granule proteases, peptidylarginine deiminase enzymes, rheumatoid ... We focus on the fate of autoantigens in target cells during various circumstances, such as viral infection, relevant immune ... We currently focus on two principal areas: (1) defining the mechanisms that generate citrullinated autoantigens in vivo in ... Our current research involves identifying the antigen targets of autoimmune diseases, investigating the autoantigens targeted ...

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/research/research_lab_results.html?query=autoantigens&pagesize=20&page=1

thyroid autoantigen. *truncated ABP. *truncated actin-binding protein. Additional Information & Resources. Tests Listed in the ...

https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/flnb/

RNA components of each autoantigen are shown with arrowheads. Total RNA and the pattern by anti-Sm serum are shown as ... Analysis of RNA components of autoantigens. K562 cell extract from 107 cells was immunoprecipitated by prototype sera for anti- ... Analysis of protein components of autoantigens (8% SDS-PAGE). 35S-methionine labeled K562 cell extract was immunoprecipitated ... Analysis of protein components of autoantigens (12.5% SDS-PAGE). 35S-methionine labeled K562 cell extract was ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/1999-2000/SSANA_A.htm

These sera were used to indentify the target myocardial autoantigen(s). Sera pools were made during the peak of the early, ... These sera were used to indentify the target myocardial autoantigen(s). Sera pools were made during the peak of the early, ... These sera were used to indentify the target myocardial autoantigen(s). Sera pools were made during the peak of the early, ... These sera were used to indentify the target myocardial autoantigen(s). Sera pools were made during the peak of the early, ...

https://creighton.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/heart-specific-autoantibodies-induced-by-coxsackievirus-bsub3sub-

Proteomic surveillance of autoantigens in relapsing polychondritis. Microbiol Immunol. 2006. 50(2):117-26. [QxMD MEDLINE Link] ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/331475-167278/what-is-the-role-of-pharyngotracheography-m-in-the-workup-of-relapsing-polychondritis-rp

N2 - Further to define the epitopes of PDC-E2, the major autoantigen in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), we have developed and ... AB - Further to define the epitopes of PDC-E2, the major autoantigen in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), we have developed and ... Further to define the epitopes of PDC-E2, the major autoantigen in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), we have developed and ... All five monoclonals, but none of the other mitochondrial autoantigens were specific for PDC-E2. In fact, although affinity ...

https://utsouthwestern.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/characterization-and-epitope-mapping-of-human-monoclonal-antibodi

Sources of autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2005;17:513-7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/12/7/06-0037_article

Name: golgi autoantigen, golgin subfamily a, 3. Synonyms: Mea-2, Mea2, 5430416E01Rik, G1-499-14, repro27 ...

https://www.mmrrc.org/catalog/sds.php?mmrrc_id=41996

Recognition of Streptococcus pyogenes and skin autoantigens in guttate psoriasis. Arch Med Res. 1998 Summer. 29(2):143-8. [QxMD ...

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1107850

title = "Revisiting tolerance induced by autoantigen in incomplete Freunds adjuvant",. abstract = "Injection of autoantigens ... N2 - Injection of autoantigens in IFA has been one of the most effective ways of preventing experimental, T cell-mediated, ... AB - Injection of autoantigens in IFA has been one of the most effective ways of preventing experimental, T cell-mediated, ... Injection of autoantigens in IFA has been one of the most effective ways of preventing experimental, T cell-mediated, ...

https://scholars.mssm.edu/en/publications/revisiting-tolerance-induced-by-autoantigen-in-incomplete-freunds-2

Characterization of the autoantigen-autoantibody repertoire continues to be an attractive and important tool to get access to ... Cytochrome P450 1A2 has been identified as the target-autoantigen of anti-LM autoantibodies in both APECED-related AIH and ... Family 1 of UDP-glycuronosyltransferases has been identified as the target-autoantigen of anti-LKM-3. For these reasons the ... The current classification of AIH and the several autoantibodies/target-autoantigens found in this disease are reported. ...

https://jautoimdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1740-2557-1-2/metrics

SMOKING AFFECTS IMMUNE RESPONSE TO CITRULLINATED AUTOANTIGENS BEFORE CLINICAL ONSET OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN A SOUTHERN ... SMOKING AFFECTS IMMUNE RESPONSE TO CITRULLINATED AUTOANTIGENS BEFORE CLINICAL ONSET OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN A SOUTHERN ...

https://www.kennedy.ox.ac.uk/publications/579514

HLA-A*0201-restricted T cells from humanized NOD mice recognize autoantigens of potential clinical relevance to type 1 diabetes ... HLA-A*0201-restricted T cells from humanized NOD mice recognize autoantigens of potential clinical relevance to type 1 diabetes ... Dive into the research topics of HLA-A*0201-restricted T cells from humanized NOD mice recognize autoantigens of potential ... HLA-A*0201-restricted T cells from humanized NOD mice recognize autoantigens of potential clinical relevance to type 1 diabetes ...

https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/hla-a0201-restricted-t-cells-from-humanized-nod-mice-recognize-au-2

Furthermore, UCB Treg cells will also be shown to have significantly more clones with TCRs particular for autoantigens (28). * ... Furthermore, UCB Treg cells will also be shown to have significantly more clones with TCRs particular for autoantigens (28). ... UCB Treg cells may also be shown to have significantly more clones with TCRs particular for autoantigens (28). Terminal ...

http://www.baxkyardgardener.com/2021/09/05/%EF%BB%BFfurthermore-ucb-treg-cells-will-also-be-shown-to-have-significantly-more-clones-with-tcrs-particular-for-autoantigens-28/

Rather, mpICs display autoantigens vimentin and fibrinogen, and recognition of these targets by anti-citrullinated peptide ... The exposure of autoantigens by microparticles underlies the formation of potent inflammatory components: The microparticle- ... Taken together, our data suggest a unique role for platelet MPs as autoantigen-expressing elements capable of perpetuating ... The exposure of autoantigens by microparticles underlies the formation of potent inflammatory components: The microparticle- ...

https://oak.novartis.com/22033/

Identification of LFA-1 as a candidate autoantigen in treatment-resistant Lyme arthritis. Science 1998;281:703-6. ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmWr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4807a1.htm

Aberrant Accumulation of the Diabetes Autoantigen GAD65 in Golgi Membranes in Conditions of ER Stress and Autoimmunity.. ... Aberrant Accumulation of the Diabetes Autoantigen GAD65 in Golgi Membranes in Conditions of ER Stress and Autoimmunity. ...

https://profiles.uchicago.edu/profiles/display/15180558

The cation efflux transporter ZnT8 (Slc30A8) is a major autoantigen in human type 1 diabetes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2007) ... Insulin as an autoantigen in NOD/human diabetes. Curr Opin Immunol (2008) 20(1):111-8. doi:10.1016/j.coi.2007.11.005 ... Identification of an MHC class I-restricted autoantigen in type 1 diabetes by screening an organ-specific cDNA library. Nat Med ... Table 1 summarizes known autoantigens in T1D development in human subjects and NOD mice and if they are recognized by CD4 or ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2017.00343/full

Proteomic surveillance of autoantigens in relapsing polychondritis. Microbiol Immunol. 2006. 50(2):117-26. [QxMD MEDLINE Link] ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/331475-workup

Importantly, the results showed that the exosomes contained polymyositis/scleroderma autoantigen 2 (PM/Scl2) which was specific ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/sci/2016/7653489/

Moreover, several laboratories have suggested that autoantibodies against the 2-oxo acids dehydrogenase autoantigens are cross-reactive. (elsevier.com)
A new study published on the preprint server medRxiv * assessed the presence of autoantibodies against a panel of autoantigens associated with known autoimmune diseases in both adults and children with COVID-19. (news-medical.net)
The analysis of adult patients with COVID-19 found high levels of autoantibodies against several autoantigens such as the lung protein KCNRG, gastric ATPase, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) antigen Sm-D3. (news-medical.net)
The results further indicated that children with COVID-19 reported little or no autoantibodies against KCNRG, Sm-D3, and the other autoantigens that were tested. (news-medical.net)
They have significant implications for proposed mechanisms on the generation of complex patterns of autoantibodies to a diverse group of autoantigens in SLE patients. (wikigenes.org)
Various serological tests detected no autoantibodies or autoantigens. (medicaljournals.se)

Diese besagen, dass erstens das Antigen bekannt sein muss, zweitens sich eine humorale und / oder zelluläre Immunreaktion gegen das Antigen nachweisen lassen muss, und drittens eine entsprechende Krankheit in einem Tiermodell durch Immunisierung mit dem Antigen zu induzieren ist, um das Antigen als Autoantigen definieren zu können. (uni-muenchen.de)
Our current research involves identifying the antigen targets of autoimmune diseases, investigating the autoantigens targeted in cancers associated with rheumatic diseases and finding unique clinical biomarkers, such as the anti-HMGCR antibody specificity. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Antigen (or autoantigen) engages a B cell receptor directly and also is endocytosed by an antigen presenting cell (typically a dendritic cell, but B cells also serve), in which intracellular degradation generates antigenic peptides. (bmj.com)

Skin cell cultures expressed the AIRE, Foxn1, and Hoxa3 transcription factors and a panel of autoantigens. (jci.org)

Aberrant Accumulation of the Diabetes Autoantigen GAD65 in Golgi Membranes in Conditions of ER Stress and Autoimmunity. (uchicago.edu)
Primary Human and Rat β-Cells Release the Intracellular Autoantigens GAD65, IA-2, and Proinsulin in Exosomes Together With Cytokine-Induced Enhancers of Immunity. (ucsf.edu)

Characterisation of the autoantigen "mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase" in the equine recurrent Uveitis Equine Recurrent Uveitis (ERU) is a wide spread disease of the eye, which is the main cause for blindness in horses worldwide. (uni-muenchen.de)
Previous studies indicated that the enzyme mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mMDH) is involved in ERU-pathophysiology as an autoantigen. (uni-muenchen.de)
All five monoclonals, but none of the other mitochondrial autoantigens were specific for PDC-E2. (elsevier.com)

c autoimmune diseases, particularly as they relate to the role of cytotoxic granule proteases in autoimmunity and viral clearance, mechanisms of autoantigen citrullination and pathways that control immune effector functions in autoimmune diseases. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

As models of autoimmunity against sequestered and readily accessible autoantigens, we studied experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, proteolipid protein, myelin basic protein, and renal tubular Ag-induced interstitial nephritis. (mssm.edu)
The impact of airborne endotoxin exposure on rheumatoid arthritis-related joint damage, autoantigen expression, autoimmunity, and lung disease. (cdc.gov)

We have isolated and characterized a set of overlapping cDNA clones that encode the human centromere autoantigen centromere protein C(CENP-C). The identity of these clones has been established using several criteria. (cell.com)
Ku is a DNA binding protein composed of 70 and 80 kDa subunits which was discovered as autoantigen in a patient with scleroderma-polymyositis overlap syndrome. (who.int)
Islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP) is one of several important T1D autoantigens in standard NOD mice. (elsevier.com)
14-3-3 zeta is an autoantigen (a protein recognized by our own immune systems) that is thought to play a role in inflammatory arthritis, and the researchers set out with the hypothesis that it may trigger the condition. (iflscience.com)

Charakterisierung des Autoantigens „mitochondriale Malat-Dehydrogenase" bei der equinen rezidivierenden Uveitis Die equine rezidivierende Uveitis (ERU) ist eine weit verbreitete Augenerkrankung, die weltweit die Hauptursache für das Erblinden von Pferden darstellt. (uni-muenchen.de)

Commensal microbiota and myelin autoantigen cooperate to trigger autoimmune demyelination. (mpg.de)

Vorausgehende Untersuchungen wiesen darauf hin, dass das Enzym mitochondriale Malat-Dehydrogenase (mMDH) als Autoantigen an der ERU beteiligt ist. (uni-muenchen.de)

More patients showed reactivity against mMDH than to any other of the tested retinal autoantigens. (uni-muenchen.de)
A long-term study including two horses showed that T-cell reactivity against a single retinal autoantigen can only be observed during a limited period of time. (uni-muenchen.de)
Anti-myosin was still the most notable reactivity, even though other autoantigens were detected. (elsevier.com)

T cell responses to autoantigens, including DNA, have been reported only incidentally in SLE patients. (nih.gov)

We currently focus on two principal areas: (1) defining the mechanisms that generate citrullinated autoantigens in vivo in rheumatoid arthritis and (2) understanding the pathways that control the activity of the peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes in human neutrophils. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

We focus on the fate of autoantigens in target cells during various circumstances, such as viral infection, relevant immune effector pathways and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
This group of disorders is characterized by immune reaction against thyroid autoantigens. (thyroidorg.info)

Collectively, these results indicate the utility of humanized HLA-A*0201-expressing NOD mice in the identification of T cells and autoantigens of potential relevance to human T1D. (elsevier.com)

We present evidence that nucleosomes are major autoantigens in human SLE and that antinucleosomal antibodies are highly specific for the disease. (nih.gov)
International Workshop on Lessons from Animal Models for Human Type 1 Diabetes: analyzing target autoantigens of humoral immunity in nonobese diabetic mice. (umassmed.edu)
Bonifacio E, Atkinson M, Eisenbarth G, Serreze D, Kay TW, Lee-Chan E, Singh B. International Workshop on Lessons from Animal Models for Human Type 1 Diabetes: analyzing target autoantigens of humoral immunity in nonobese diabetic mice. (umassmed.edu)
Further to define the epitopes of PDC-E2, the major autoantigen in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), we have developed and characterized five human monoclonal antibodies. (elsevier.com)

Both active and passive tolerance mechanisms, therefore, contribute to autoantigen:IFA-induced protection from autoimmune disease. (mssm.edu)

Injection of autoantigens in IFA has been one of the most effective ways of preventing experimental, T cell-mediated, autoimmune disease in mice. (mssm.edu)

2016. Microneedle delivery of autoantigen for immunotherapy in type 1 diabetes . (cardiff.ac.uk)

Ku-autoantigen acts as a potential transcription factor for several RNA polymerase II genes and RNA polymerase I gene. (who.int)

The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the role of mMDH in ERU and to proof the hypothesis, that mMDH can be defined as an autoantigen. (uni-muenchen.de)
The three Witebsky Postulates were all met, so the hypothesis that mMDH is an autoantigen which plays a role in the pathogenesis of ERU could be confirmed. (uni-muenchen.de)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Autoantigen Ku and its role in multiple cellular processes. (who.int)
Taken together, our data suggest a unique role for platelet MPs as autoantigen-expressing elements capable of perpetuating formation of inflammatory ICs. (novartis.com)

These sera were used to indentify the target myocardial autoantigen(s). (elsevier.com)

These studies suggest that myosin is one of the major autoantigens in Coxsackievirus B 3 -induced autoimmune myocarditis. (elsevier.com)

Rather, mpICs display autoantigens vimentin and fibrinogen, and recognition of these targets by anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies contributes to the production of mpICs. (novartis.com)

As mMDH was previously identified by proteomic studies as a potential autoantigen, the first of the postulates was already met prior to this investigation. (uni-muenchen.de)

Hyper- N -glycosylated SAMD14 and neurabin-I as driver autoantigens of primary central nervous system lymphoma. (nih.gov)

Anatomy15

Organisms7

Diseases29

Chemicals and Drugs57

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes18

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science2

Health Care1

Explanations for the clinical and microscopic localization of lesions in pemphigus foliaceus and vulgaris. (1/5266)

Herpes virus induced proteasome-dependent degradation of the nuclear bodies-associated PML and Sp100 proteins. (2/5266)

The endosome fusion regulator early-endosomal autoantigen 1 (EEA1) is a dimer. (3/5266)

Crystal structures of two Sm protein complexes and their implications for the assembly of the spliceosomal snRNPs. (4/5266)

Fine specificity of the autoimmune response to the Ro/SSA and La/SSB ribonucleoproteins. (5/5266)

Goodpasture antigen: expression of the full-length alpha3(IV) chain of collagen IV and localization of epitopes exclusively to the noncollagenous domain. (6/5266)

Identification of a clinically relevant immunodominant region of collagen IV in Goodpasture disease. (7/5266)

Activated human T cells, B cells, and monocytes produce brain-derived neurotrophic factor in vitro and in inflammatory brain lesions: a neuroprotective role of inflammation? (8/5266)

Autoantigens

Autoantibodies

Autoimmunity

Autoimmune Diseases

Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 8

Glutamate Decarboxylase

Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic

RNA, Small Cytoplasmic

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

Antibodies, Antinuclear

Orchitis

Ribonucleoproteins

CapZ Actin Capping Protein

Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary

Epitopes

snRNP Core Proteins

Citrulline

Alopecia Areata

Serology

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1

Mice, Inbred NOD

Cross Reactions

T-Lymphocytes

Immunoglobulin G

Molecular Mimicry

Antibody Specificity

Islets of Langerhans

Proinsulin

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Protein Array Analysis

B-Lymphocytes

Immune Tolerance

Uveitis

Sjogren's Syndrome

Self Tolerance

Lymphocyte Activation

Molecular Sequence Data

Myositis

Amino Acid Sequence

Arthritis, Rheumatoid

Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune

Myelin Basic Protein

Dihydrolipoyllysine-Residue Acetyltransferase

Hepatitis, Autoimmune

HLA-DQ Antigens

Antigens

Scleroderma, Systemic

Antigen Presentation

Insulin Antibodies

Mice, Inbred NZB

Hybridomas

Vasectomy

Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional

Centromere Protein B

Vitiligo

Paraneoplastic Syndromes

Immunodominant Epitopes

Thyroiditis, Autoimmune

Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear

Phosphopyruvate Hydratase

Ribonucleoprotein, U1 Small Nuclear

Epitope Mapping

Peptide Fragments

Mice, Transgenic

Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune

Mice, Inbred MRL lpr

Gene Library

Receptors, Thyrotropin

Mice, Inbred C57BL

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Rats, Inbred Lew

Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte

HLA-DR Antigens

Connective Tissue Diseases

Iodide Peroxidase

Mice, Inbred BALB C

Antigen-Antibody Reactions

Prediabetic State

Myeloblastin