RNA sequences composed of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDES and URACIL NUCLEOTIDES, that are located in the 3'UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of MESSENGER RNA molecules that are rapidly degraded. They are also known as AREs.
A family of RNA-binding proteins that are homologues of ELAV protein, Drosophila. They were initially identified in humans as the targets of autoantibodies in patients with PARANEOPLASTIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS. They are thought to regulate GENE EXPRESSION at the post-transcriptional level.
The extent to which an RNA molecule retains its structural integrity and resists degradation by RNASE, and base-catalyzed HYDROLYSIS, under changing in vivo or in vitro conditions.
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
The sequence at the 3' end of messenger RNA that does not code for product. This region contains transcription and translation regulating sequences.
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Perspectives on the ARE as it turns 25 years old. (1/25)

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Tristetraprolin inhibits poly(A)-tail synthesis in nuclear mRNA that contains AU-rich elements by interacting with poly(A)-binding protein nuclear 1. (2/25)

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Multilevel regulation of HIF-1 signaling by TTP. (3/25)

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dTIS11 Protein-dependent polysomal deadenylation is the key step in AU-rich element-mediated mRNA decay in Drosophila cells. (4/25)

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AU-rich elements in the 3'-UTR regulate the stability of the 141 amino acid isoform of parathyroid hormone-related protein mRNA. (5/25)

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AUF1/hnRNP D is a novel protein partner of the EBER1 noncoding RNA of Epstein-Barr virus. (6/25)

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The p38/MK2-driven exchange between tristetraprolin and HuR regulates AU-rich element-dependent translation. (7/25)

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The ribosome binding site of a mini-ORF protects a T3SS mRNA from degradation by RNase E. (8/25)

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AU rich elements, also known as AREs (AU-rich elements) or AUUUA elements, are conserved sequences found in the 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) of many eukaryotic mRNAs. The core consensus sequence of an ARE is a repeated motif of the nucleotides A/U and U/A, often arranged as AUUUA.

These elements are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, particularly in the stability and degradation of mRNA. AREs can interact with various RNA-binding proteins and miRNAs that modulate mRNA turnover, either promoting or inhibiting its decay.

mRNAs containing AU rich elements are often associated with genes involved in rapid cellular responses, such as growth factors, cytokines, and transcription factors. The instability of these mRNAs allows for quick adjustments in protein levels in response to changing environmental or developmental signals.

Hu paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigens are a group of neuronal intracellular antigens associated with paraneoplastic neurological disorders (PNDs). PNDs are a group of rare, degenerative conditions that affect the nervous system and can occur in patients with cancer. The Hu antigens are part of a family of proteins known as onconeural antigens, which are expressed in both cancer cells and normal neurons.

The Hu antigens include three main proteins: HuD, HuC, and Rb/p75. These proteins are involved in the regulation of gene expression and are found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of neuronal cells. In patients with PNDs associated with Hu antigens, the immune system mistakenly recognizes these antigens as foreign and mounts an immune response against them. This leads to inflammation and damage to the nervous system, resulting in various neurological symptoms such as muscle weakness, sensory loss, and autonomic dysfunction.

Paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis is a specific type of PND that affects both the brain (encephalitis) and spinal cord (myelitis). It is often associated with small cell lung cancer but can also occur in other types of cancer. The presence of Hu antibodies in the blood or cerebrospinal fluid is a useful diagnostic marker for this condition, although not all patients with Hu-associated PNDs will have detectable Hu antibodies.

RNA stability refers to the duration that a ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule remains intact and functional within a cell before it is degraded or broken down into its component nucleotides. Various factors can influence RNA stability, including:

1. Primary sequence: Certain sequences in the RNA molecule may be more susceptible to degradation by ribonucleases (RNases), enzymes that break down RNA.
2. Secondary structure: The formation of stable secondary structures, such as hairpins or stem-loop structures, can protect RNA from degradation.
3. Presence of RNA-binding proteins: Proteins that bind to RNA can either stabilize or destabilize the RNA molecule, depending on the type and location of the protein-RNA interaction.
4. Chemical modifications: Modifications to the RNA nucleotides, such as methylation, can increase RNA stability by preventing degradation.
5. Subcellular localization: The subcellular location of an RNA molecule can affect its stability, with some locations providing more protection from ribonucleases than others.
6. Cellular conditions: Changes in cellular conditions, such as pH or temperature, can also impact RNA stability.

Understanding RNA stability is important for understanding gene regulation and the function of non-coding RNAs, as well as for developing RNA-based therapeutic strategies.

An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.

3' Untranslated Regions (3' UTRs) are segments of messenger RNA (mRNA) that do not code for proteins. They are located after the last exon, which contains the coding sequence for a protein, and before the poly-A tail in eukaryotic mRNAs.

The 3' UTR plays several important roles in regulating gene expression, including:

1. Stability of mRNA: The 3' UTR contains sequences that can bind to proteins that either stabilize or destabilize the mRNA, thereby controlling its half-life and abundance.
2. Localization of mRNA: Some 3' UTRs contain sequences that direct the localization of the mRNA to specific cellular compartments, such as the synapse in neurons.
3. Translation efficiency: The 3' UTR can also contain regulatory elements that affect the translation efficiency of the mRNA into protein. For example, microRNAs (miRNAs) can bind to complementary sequences in the 3' UTR and inhibit translation or promote degradation of the mRNA.
4. Alternative polyadenylation: The 3' UTR can also contain multiple alternative polyadenylation sites, which can lead to different lengths of the 3' UTR and affect gene expression.

Overall, the 3' UTR plays a critical role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, and mutations or variations in the 3' UTR can contribute to human diseases.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a type of RNA (ribonucleic acid) that carries genetic information copied from DNA in the form of a series of three-base code "words," each of which specifies a particular amino acid. This information is used by the cell's machinery to construct proteins, a process known as translation. After being transcribed from DNA, mRNA travels out of the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm where protein synthesis occurs. Once the protein has been synthesized, the mRNA may be degraded and recycled. Post-transcriptional modifications can also occur to mRNA, such as alternative splicing and addition of a 5' cap and a poly(A) tail, which can affect its stability, localization, and translation efficiency.

A base sequence in the context of molecular biology refers to the specific order of nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule. In DNA, these nucleotides are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). In RNA, uracil (U) takes the place of thymine. The base sequence contains genetic information that is transcribed into RNA and ultimately translated into proteins. It is the exact order of these bases that determines the genetic code and thus the function of the DNA or RNA molecule.

AU-rich elements Pillars link to original 1986 Cell publication discovering AU-rich elements mRNA Translational blockade by AU- ... rich elements Brief introduction to mRNA regulatory elements ARED: AU-rich element database Transterm page for AU-Rich Element ... Adenylate-uridylate-rich elements (AU-rich elements; AREs) are found in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of many messenger RNAs ... The best characterised adenylate uridylate (AU)-rich Elements have a core sequence of AUUUA within U-rich sequences (for ...
... is a database of AU-rich elements (ARE) in vertebrate mRNA 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs). AU-rich elements are ... AU, GU, and U-rich elements). AU-rich elements Gruber, Andreas R; Fallmann Jörg; Kratochvill Franz; Kovarik Pavel; Hofacker Ivo ... a database for the comprehensive investigation of AU-rich elements". Nucleic Acids Res. England. 39 (Database issue): D66-69. ... an enhanced database for the comprehensive investigation of AU/GU/U-rich elements". Nucleic Acids Research. 44 (Database issue ...
The presence of AU-rich elements in some mammalian mRNAs tends to destabilize those transcripts through the action of cellular ... Rapid mRNA degradation via AU-rich elements is a critical mechanism for preventing the overproduction of potent cytokines such ... Chen CY, Shyu AB (November 1995). "AU-rich elements: characterization and importance in mRNA degradation". Trends in ... AU-rich elements also regulate the biosynthesis of proto-oncogenic transcription factors like c-Jun and c-Fos. Eukaryotic ...
One group of elements in the 3′-UTR that can help destabilize an mRNA transcript are the AU-rich elements (AREs). These ... UTR contains many alternative AU-rich elements and polyadenylation signals. These cis- and trans-acting elements, along with ... The element that controls this process is called the CPE which is AU-rich and located in the 3′-UTR as well. The CPE generally ... In addition to containing MREs, the 3′-UTR also often contains AU-rich elements (AREs), which are 50 to 150 bp in length and ...
For example, miR16 contains a sequence complementary to the AU-rich element found in the 3'UTR of many unstable mRNAs, such as ... "Involvement of microRNA in AU-rich element-mediated mRNA instability". Cell. 120 (5): 623-34. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.12.038. ... Some of the G-rich pre-miRNAs can potentially adopt the G-quadruplex structure as an alternative to the canonical stem-loop ... 87% of the cases are ischemic strokes, which results from blockage in the artery of the brain that carries oxygen-rich blood. ...
MicroRNA-223 selectively targets distinct populations of transcripts harboring AU-rich elements. More specifically, it was ...
CCCH and CCHC zinc fingers bind to an AU-rich RNA element. Different from CCHH zinc figure, the shape of the protein is the ...
A number of such elements have been called AU-rich elements (AREs). It is now known that AREs are binding sites for RNA-binding ... "Functional characterization of a non-AUUUA AU-rich element from the c-jun proto-oncogene mRNA: evidence for a novel class of AU ... Bakheet T, Frevel M, Williams BR, Greer W, Khabar KS (January 2001). "ARED: human AU-rich element-containing mRNA database ... "Protein expression is increased by a class III AU-rich element and tethered CUG-BP1". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 347 (3): ...
2007). "Human and yeast zeta-crystallins bind AU-rich elements in RNA". Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 64 (11): 1419-27. doi:10.1007/ ...
In the cytoplasm, the exosome interacts with AU-rich element (ARE) binding proteins (e.g. KRSP and TTP), which can promote or ... Several proteins that stabilize or destabilize mRNA molecules through binding to AU-rich elements in the 3' untranslated region ... Lin, WJ; Duffy, A; Chen, CY (2007). "Localization of AU-rich element-containing mRNA in cytoplasmic granules containing exosome ... 2001). "AU binding proteins recruit the exosome to degrade ARE-containing mRNAs". Cell. 107 (4): 451-64. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674 ...
HuD is expressed only in neurons and it binds to AU-rich element-containing mRNAs. As a result of this interaction the half- ... Wang X, Tanaka Hall TM (2001). "Structural basis for recognition of AU-rich element RNA by the HuD protein". Nat. Struct. Biol ... 2000). "HuD RNA recognition motifs play distinct roles in the formation of a stable complex with AU-rich RNA". Mol. Cell. Biol ... Lukong, Kiven E.; Chang, Kai-wei; Khandjian, Edouard W.; Richard, Stéphane (2008-08-01). "RNA-binding proteins in human genetic ...
This encoded protein contains 3 RNA-binding domains and binds cis-acting AU-rich elements. One of its best-known functions is ... Chen CY, Xu N, Shyu AB (2002). "Highly selective actions of HuR in antagonizing AU-rich element-mediated mRNA destabilization ... 2000). "HuD RNA recognition motifs play distinct roles in the formation of a stable complex with AU-rich RNA". Mol. Cell. Biol ... 2002). "Novel binding of HuR and poly(C)-binding protein to a conserved UC-rich motif within the 3'-untranslated region of the ...
Mammalian mRNAs contain AU-rich elements (AREs) within their three prime untranslated regions. In yeast, 3-prime-to-5-prime ... Chen CY, Gherzi R, Ong SE, Chan EL, Raijmakers R, Pruijn GJ, Stoecklin G, Moroni C, Mann M, Karin M (November 2001). "AU ... 2002). "AU binding proteins recruit the exosome to degrade ARE-containing mRNAs". Cell. 107 (4): 451-64. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674 ...
"The Herpesvirus saimiri small nuclear RNAs recruit AU-rich element-binding proteins but do not alter host AU-rich element- ... "The Herpesvirus saimiri small nuclear RNAs recruit AU-rich element-binding proteins but do not alter host AU-rich element- ... Fan XC, Myer VE, Steitz JA (October 1997). "AU-rich elements target small nuclear RNAs as well as mRNAs for rapid degradation ...
Pioli PA, Hamilton BJ, Connolly JE, Brewer G, Rigby WF (September 2002). "Lactate dehydrogenase is an AU-rich element-binding ... Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (HNRNPD) also known as AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) is a protein ... "Entrez Gene: HNRPD heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D (AU-rich element RNA binding protein 1, 37kDa)". Mazan-Mamczarz K ... AU-rich element mRNA binding protein (AUF1) and Hu antigen R (HuR), in neoplastic lung tissue". Mol. Carcinog. 28 (2): 76-83. ...
This protein binds to AU rich elements in FOS and IL3/interleukin-3 mRNAs. Microarray analysis of GEO profiles were conducted ...
Pioli PA, Hamilton BJ, Connolly JE, Brewer G, Rigby WF (September 2002). "Lactate dehydrogenase is an AU-rich element-binding ...
... is an RNA binding protein that interacts with AU-rich elements of Bcl-2. Upon binding, MEX3D has a negative regulatory ... a new evolutionarily conserved BCL-2 AU-rich element RNA-binding protein". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (19): 20154-66. doi:10.1074/jbc. ...
... of TNF contains an AU-rich element (ARE). TNF is primarily produced as a 233-amino acid-long type II transmembrane protein ... Rick J, Kuster B, Superti-Furga G (February 2004). "A physical and functional map of the human TNF alpha/NF-kappa B signal ...
Binding of tristetraprolin-related zinc finger proteins to Au-rich elements and destabilization of mRNA". J. Biol. Chem. 275 ( ... TTP binds to AU-rich elements (AREs) in the 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of the mRNAs of some cytokines and promotes their ... non-binding tristetraprolin mutants exert an inhibitory effect on degradation of AU-rich element-containing mRNAs". J. Biol. ... Lai WS, Stumpo DJ, Blackshear PJ (1990). "Rapid insulin-stimulated accumulation of an mRNA encoding a proline-rich protein". J ...
"Tristetraprolin and its family members can promote the cell-free deadenylation of AU-rich element-containing mRNAs by poly(A) ... "A novel mRNA-decapping activity in HeLa cytoplasmic extracts is regulated by AU-rich elements". The EMBO Journal. 20 (5): 1134- ... Chen CY, Gherzi R, Ong SE, Chan EL, Raijmakers R, Pruijn GJ, Stoecklin G, Moroni C, Mann M, Karin M (November 2001). "AU ...
2002). "The mammalian exosome mediates the efficient degradation of mRNAs that contain AU-rich elements". EMBO J. 21 (1-2): 165 ... 2002). "AU binding proteins recruit the exosome to degrade ARE-containing mRNAs". Cell. 107 (4): 451-64. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674 ...
2006). "Tethering KSRP, a decay-promoting AU-rich element-binding protein, to mRNAs elicits mRNA decay". Mol. Cell. Biol. 26 ( ... Far upstream element-binding protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KHSRP gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ... 2002). "AU binding proteins recruit the exosome to degrade ARE-containing mRNAs". Cell. 107 (4): 451-64. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674 ... Davis-Smyth T, Duncan RC, Zheng T, Michelotti G, Levens D (Jan 1997). "The far upstream element-binding proteins comprise an ...
He G, Sun D, Ou Z, Ding A (July 2012). "The protein Zfand5 binds and stabilizes mRNAs with AU-rich elements in their 3'- ...
These mRNAs are GM-CSF, Pth, and TGFβ and each of them have AREs, or AU-rich cis-elements. The ARE binding protein KSRP has a ... Follis, Ariele Viacava; Llambi, Fabien; Merritt, Parker; Chipuk, Jerry E.; Green, Douglas R.; Kriwacki, Richard W. (August 2015 ... Richard (2012-09-01). "Serine phosphorylation and proline isomerization in RNAP II CTD control recruitment of Nrd1". Genes & ...
... functions in AU-rich element-mediated mRNA decay". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 28 (17): 5223-37. doi:10.1128/MCB.00431-08. ...
January 2014). "The favorable IFNL3 genotype escapes mRNA decay mediated by AU-rich elements and hepatitis C virus-induced ... especially in populations of African ancestry in which linkage disequilibrium between these variants is weaker than in other ...
Alcoser SY, Hara M, Bell GI, Ehrmann DA (2004). "Association of the (AU)AT-rich element polymorphism in PPP1R3 with hormonal ...
Lee YS, Choi SL, Jun H, Yim SJ, Lee JA, Kim HF, Lee SH, Shim J, Lee K, Jang DJ, Kaang BK (2012). "AU-rich element-binding ... Lee JA, Kim H, Lee YS, Kaang BK (2003). "Overexpression and RNA interference of Ap-cyclic AMP-response element binding protein- ... he found that multiple pulses of serotonin stimulate gene expression that is mediated by the cAMP-response element (CRE). He ... that serotonin-induced transcription requires the protein kinase-A-mediated phosphorylation of the cAMP-response element- ...
The mammalian exosome is required for rapid degradation of AU rich element-containing RNAs but not for poly(A) shortening. The ... Chen CY, Gherzi R, Ong SE, Chan EL, Raijmakers R, Pruijn GJ, Stoecklin G, Moroni C, Mann M, Karin M (Nov 2001). "AU binding ...
AU-rich elements Pillars link to original 1986 Cell publication discovering AU-rich elements mRNA Translational blockade by AU- ... rich elements Brief introduction to mRNA regulatory elements ARED: AU-rich element database Transterm page for AU-Rich Element ... Adenylate-uridylate-rich elements (AU-rich elements; AREs) are found in the 3 untranslated region (UTR) of many messenger RNAs ... The best characterised adenylate uridylate (AU)-rich Elements have a core sequence of AUUUA within U-rich sequences (for ...
AU-rich elements (AREs) in 3-untranslated regions of mRNAs confer instability. They target mRNAs for rapid deadenylation and ... AU-rich elements (AREs) in 3-untranslated regions of mRNAs confer instability. They target mRNAs for rapid deadenylation and ... p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase stabilizes mRNAs that contain cyclooxygenase-2 and tumor necrosis factor AU-rich elements ... p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase stabilizes mRNAs that contain cyclooxygenase-2 and tumor necrosis factor AU-rich elements ...
The AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) is an RNA-binding protein, which can both stabilize and destabilize the ... AUF1 binds the AU-rich elements and the potential AUF1-binding sites in the mRNA 3′UTR of both SNAIL1 and TWIST1. This suggests ... The AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) is an RNA-binding protein, which can both stabilize and destabilize the ... Alternatively expressed domains of AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) regulate RNA-binding affinity, RNA-induced ...
A+U-rich element RNA binding factor. AU-rich element RNA-binding factor. JKT41-binding protein. hnRNP D-like. hnRNP DL. limb ... Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0. Genomic * NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0. Range. 85752194..85760070 complement Download. GenBank ... Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 3. The resulting isoform (b) has the ... from both reference and alternate assemblies. Model RNAs and proteins are also reported here. ...
Regulation of AU-rich element RNA binding proteins by phosphorylation and the prolyl isomerase Pin1. / Shen, Zhong Jian; Malter ... Regulation of AU-rich element RNA binding proteins by phosphorylation and the prolyl isomerase Pin1. Biomolecules. 2015 Apr 14; ... Shen, Z. J., & Malter, J. S. (2015). Regulation of AU-rich element RNA binding proteins by phosphorylation and the prolyl ... Shen, Zhong Jian ; Malter, James S. / Regulation of AU-rich element RNA binding proteins by phosphorylation and the prolyl ...
AU-rich Elements (AREs) and GU-rich Elements (GREs) located in the 3-untranslated region can regulate mRNA stability at the ... Caballero JJ, Giron MD, Vargas AM, Sevillano N, Suarez MD, Salto R. AU-rich elements in the mRNA 3-untranslated region of the ... Hallmarks of cancer and AU-rich elements. Wiley Interdisc Rev RNA. (2017) 8:e1368. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1368 ... Conserved GU-rich elements mediate mRNA decay by binding to CUG-binding protein 1. Mol Cell. (2008) 29:263-70. doi: 10.1016/j. ...
Structure:1FXL_A; Homo sapiens HuD protein in complex with AU-rich element, contacts at 4A.. - View structure with Cn3D ... SRGVGFIRFDKRIEAEEAIKGLNGQKPSGAAE 237 African clawed ... NP_990161 132 ASIRDANLYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQYGRIITSRILVDQVTGV---SRGVGFIRF ... SRGVGFIRFDKRIEAEEAIKGLNGQKPSGAAE 197 African clawed ... XP_007901849 127 ASIRDANLYVSGLPKSMTQKELEQMFSQYGRIITSRILVDQVTGV---SRGVGF ... HuD also functions as an important regulator of mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with AU-rich RNA element (ARE) and ...
FBXO44 promotes DNA replication-coupled repetitive element silencing in cancer cells. Shen JZ, Qiu Z, Wu Q, Finlay D, Garcia G ... Gimple RC, Bhargava S, Dixit D, Rich JN. Gimple RC, et al. Among authors: rich jn. Genes Dev. 2019 Jun 1;33(11-12):591-609. doi ... Lathia JD, Mack SC, Mulkearns-Hubert EE, Valentim CL, Rich JN. Lathia JD, et al. Among authors: rich jn. Genes Dev. 2015 Jun 15 ... Rich JN. Xie Q, et al. Among authors: rich jn. Cell. 2018 Nov 15;175(5):1228-1243.e20. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.006. Epub ...
... *From: Rick Jelliffe ,[email protected].au, ... to say the element is empty, and a postfix ";" group-break, to say that the element cannot contain other elements in the same ... Cheers Rick Jelliffe *Follow-Ups: *Re: The one element schema language *From: Joe English ,[email protected], ... a PI would be fine for this since there is no element structure). Do you think it would be better as a PI or an element like ...
mRNA size 2.7 kb 4.5 kb; contains multiple AU-rich elements in 3UTR ... 1989: Simmons et al (and others) identified the COX-2 ... mRNA size 2.7 kb 4.5 kb; contains multiple AU-rich elements in 3UTR ... 1989: Simmons et al (and others) identified the COX-2 ...
AU_rich_element (SO:0001180). Bruno_response_element (SO:0001181). pumilio_response_element (SO:0002234). ...
Teaching and research are intertwined, or concomitant, elements of his professional life. He strives to follow what the former ... https://theunconformity.com.au. Teaching. Teaching expertise. Rick is a multiple University of Tasmania Teaching Excellence ... Rick was Deputy Dean of the Law School from 2014 to June 2018. He was an elected and active member of the governing Council of ... Rick Snell is an Associate Professor in law at the University of Tasmania. His research, ideas and teaching have been ...
... the Pumilio-response element (PRE), the AU-rich element (ARE) and the miR-430 seed sequence (Rabani et al., 2017). PRE- and ARE ... 1995) AU-rich elements: characterization and importance in mRNA degradation Trends in Biochemical Sciences 20:465-470. ... Here, we reconstitute accelerated and selective deadenylation of RNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) and Pumilio-response ... 1991) Two distinct destabilizing elements in the c-fos message trigger deadenylation as a first step in rapid mRNA decay Genes ...
The largest isoform p45 of the RBP AUF1 has previously been shown to remodel viral or AU-rich RNA elements. Here, we show that ...
Binds avidly to the AU-rich element in FOS and IL3/interleukin-3 mRNAs. In the case of the FOS AU-rich element, HUR binds to a ... core element of 27 nucleotides that contain AUUUA, AUUUUA and AUUUUUA motifs. ...
Previous publications reported this helicase to associate with AU-rich elements and to specifically unwind G-quadruplex ... DHX36 resolves G-rich structures in mRNA untranslated region to allow their translation. ...
In addition, after transcription, a wide array of RNA-binding proteins interacts with cis-acting elements located mainly in the ... In addition, after transcription, a wide array of RNA-binding proteins interacts with cis-acting elements located mainly in the ... A complex interaction between the cleavage and polyadenylation molecular complex and cis-elements determine the polyadenylation ... A complex interaction between the cleavage and polyadenylation molecular complex and cis-elements determine the polyadenylation ...
Mechanistically, these proteins function by binding to the AU-rich elements within the 3-untranslated regions of their target ...
The Journal of Infectious Diseases The 3′ untranslated regions of Ebola virus mRNAs contain AU-rich elements involved in post- ... African Health Sciences Support for the response to COVID-19 in Uganda: contribution of the global health security program at ... JThe American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Post-Discharge Mortality in Recently Hospitalized African Children: A ...
The pattern element in the name contains the unique identity number of the account or website it relates to. ... gcl_au. 3 months. Provided by Google Tag Manager to experiment advertisement efficiency of websites using their services. ... A sermon preached at St Martin-in-the-Fields on Sunday 7 March 2021 by Revd Richard Carter. ... A sermon preached at St Martin-in-the-Fields on Sunday 31 January 2021 by Revd Richard Carter. ...
... in the relevant tissues is to promote degradation of multiple cytokine mRNAs because these mRNAs possess AU-rich elements (AREs ...
Massively parallel analysis of human 3 UTRs reveals that AU-rich element length and registration pr ... Siegel, David A; Le ... Jansen, Rick J; Tong, Lin; Argos, Maria; Jasmine, Farzana; Rakibuz-Zaman, Muhammad; Sarwar, Go ... R35ES028379. BMC Genomics ( ... Border, Richard; Athanasiadis, Georgios; Buil, Alfonso; Schork, Andrew J; Cai, Na; Young, Alex ... R01ES029929. Science (2022 ... Carbone, Michele; Pass, Harvey I; Ak, Guntulu; Alexander Jr, H Richard; Baas, Paul; Baumann, F ... R01ES030948. J Thorac Oncol ...
On the 24th of August 2022, Mrs Dobrochna Dolicka successfully defended her PhD thesis entitled "AU-rich elements-binding ... Recent evidence suggests that alterations of certain proteins that regulate gene expression, AU-rich elements-binding proteins ...
KSRP binds AU-rich element in 3 UTR of mRNA (Homo sapiens) * KSRP [cytosol] (Homo sapiens) ... Regulation of mRNA stability by proteins that bind AU-rich elements (Homo sapiens) * KSRP (KHSRP) binds and destabilizes mRNA ( ... KSRP binds AU-rich element in 3 UTR of mRNA (Homo sapiens) ...
Murine Spam1 mRNA: involvement of AU-rich elements in the 3UTR and antisense RNA in its tight post-transcriptional regulation ...
The mammalian exosome is required for rapid degradation of AU rich element-containing RNAs but not for poly(A) shortening. The ...
Whats stopping your from getting rich, or from becoming richer than you already are? Well according to Tom Corley, my good ... PropertyUpdate.com.au is Australias leading property investment wealth creation website with tips, advice and strategies from ... Seeking criticism, good or bad, is a crucial element for learning and growth." ... The rich would rather be educated than entertained.. They replace TV time with reading, thinking, exercising, or any other form ...
ATM prevented LPS-induced translocation of HuR, an AU-rich element-binding protein that determines mRNA stability of certain ... rich in curcuminoids) and ginger (rich in gingerols and shogaols) rhizomes have been widely used as dietary spices and to treat ... protein levels and reduced the ratio of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) to CREB levels (pCREB/CREB ...
... resolution geochemical analysis of waters for element chemistry can be used as an exploration tool for identifying gold-rich ... Both areas have known gold-rich mineral occurrences. In the eastern Black Mountain area, this included the Gray Lead, Blue Lead ... resolution geochemical analysis of waters for element chemistry can be used as an exploration tool for identifying gold-rich ... Geochemical data for stream water samples from streams around the Pogo Deposit and Black Mountain Au occurrences, Big Delta ...
  • AU-rich elements (AREs) in 3'-untranslated regions of mRNAs confer instability. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Here, we reconstitute accelerated and selective deadenylation of RNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) and Pumilio-response elements (PREs). (elifesciences.org)
  • An alternative strategy to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines in the relevant tissues is to promote degradation of multiple cytokine mRNAs because these mRNAs possess AU-rich elements (AREs) and that their stabilities are largely controlled by ARE binding proteins. (usda.gov)
  • RNP-IP assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay identified that SNAI1 mRNA directly bound to HuR through an AU-rich elements (AREs) dependent way. (ku.edu)
  • Overexpression of the RNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) occurs during colon tumorigenesis and is abnormally present within the cytoplasm, where it post-transcriptionally regulates genes through its interaction with 3'UTR AU-rich elements (AREs). (oncotarget.com)
  • HuD also functions as an important regulator of mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with AU-rich RNA element (ARE) and stabilizing multiple transcripts. (nih.gov)
  • The 3' regulatory regions have a great diversity of cis -regulatory elements directly involved in polyadenylation, stability, transport and mRNA translation, essential to achieve the desired levels of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
  • The polyadenylation site (PAS), point from which the pre-mRNA is cleaved and polyadenylated, is defined by surrounding cis- elements ( Tian and Manley, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Mechanistically, these proteins function by binding to the AU-rich elements within the 3'-untranslated regions of their target mRNAs and, in turn, increasing mRNA turnover. (nih.gov)
  • Murine Spam1 mRNA: involvement of AU-rich elements in the 3'UTR and antisense RNA in its tight post-transcriptional regulation in spermatids. (wikigenes.org)
  • Similar to other RNA-binding proteins, this class of proteins contain three RRMs, two of which are specific to ARE elements. (wikipedia.org)
  • Shen, ZJ & Malter, JS 2015, ' Regulation of AU-rich element RNA binding proteins by phosphorylation and the prolyl isomerase Pin1 ', Biomolecules , vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 412-434. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In addition, after transcription, a wide array of RNA-binding proteins interacts with cis -acting elements located mainly in the 3' untranslated region, determining the fate of mRNAs in eukaryotic cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • On the 24th of August 2022, Mrs Dobrochna Dolicka successfully defended her PhD thesis entitled " AU-rich elements-binding proteins in fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma " . (unige.ch)
  • Recent evidence suggests that alterations of certain proteins that regulate gene expression, AU-rich elements-binding proteins AUBPs, may favor the development of chronic liver diseases and their progression towards cancer. (unige.ch)
  • Post-transcriptional damping of inflammatory mRNAs is mediated by a set of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) interacting with cis -elements, such as AU-rich elements (ARE) and stem-loop structures. (go.jp)
  • p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase stabilizes mRNAs that contain cyclooxygenase-2 and tumor necrosis factor AU-rich elements by inhibiting deadenylation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The accumulation of 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR), AU-rich element (ARE) containing mRNAs, are predominantly controlled at the post-transcriptional level. (elsevierpure.com)
  • A sermon preached at St Martin-in-the-Fields on Sunday 7 March 2021 by Revd Richard Carter. (stmartin-in-the-fields.org)
  • This data release is the result of a hydrogeochemical sampling campaign during summer 2021 to investigate whether high resolution geochemical analysis of waters for element chemistry can be used as an exploration tool for identifying gold-rich occurrences in parts of the Big Delta B-1 and B-2 quadrangles, within the Yukon-Tanana Upland region, Alaska. (usgs.gov)
  • The mammalian exosome is required for rapid degradation of AU rich element-containing RNAs but not for poly(A) shortening. (thermofisher.com)
  • Previous publications reported this helicase to associate with AU-rich elements and to specifically unwind G-quadruplex structures. (nih.gov)
  • Since November 2017 Rick has been Chair of The Unconformity - an award winning heritage and arts festival and organization based in Queenstown, Tasmania. (edu.au)
  • AREsite-a database for ARE containing genes-has recently been developed with the aim to provide detailed bioinformatic characterization of AU-rich elements. (wikipedia.org)
  • The AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) is an RNA-binding protein, which can both stabilize and destabilize the transcripts of several cancer-related genes. (nature.com)
  • Homo sapiens HuD protein in complex with AU-rich element, contacts at 4A. (nih.gov)
  • RÉSUMÉ Au cours des 50 dernières années, des efforts systématiques ont été déployés pour étendre et améliorer les services de traitement des individus souffrant de troubles liés à la consommation de substances psychoactives, par le biais de l'élaboration d'une base de données factuelles visant à orienter les pratiques. (who.int)
  • Au cours de l'élaboration de cette note d'orientation, divers documents ont été examinés. (who.int)
  • Class I ARE elements, like the c-fos gene, have dispersed AUUUA motifs within or near U-rich regions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Class II elements, like the GM-CSF gene, have overlapping AUUUA motifs within or near U-rich regions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Class III elements, like the c-jun gene, are a much less well-defined class-they have a U-rich region but no AUUUA repeats. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some of these problems have been listed below: The c-fos gene produces a transcription factor that is activated in several cancers, and it lacks the ARE elements. (wikipedia.org)
  • c-myc gene, also responsible for producing transcription factors found in several cancers, has also been reported to lack the ARE elements. (wikipedia.org)
  • Projects include annotating genomes and/or specific gene families, developing bioinformatics tools/workflows for assessing and tidying genome assemblies, and identifying/characterising ultraconserved elements. (edu.au)
  • and although less conserved, plants also have polyadenylation signals: far upstream element (FUE), near upstream element (NUE) and the cleavage element (CE) ( Xing and Li, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • abstract = "We revisit the abundances of neutron-capture elements in the metal-poor ([Fe/H] = -2.9) r-process-rich halo star CS 31082-001. (lu.se)
  • Rick has also successfully supervised 7 PhDs in a number of areas including Freedom of Information, Open Data, Biometric regulation, environmental regulation and legal education. (edu.au)
  • A complex interaction between the cleavage and polyadenylation molecular complex and cis -elements determine the polyadenylation site, which may result in the choice of non-canonical sites, resulting in alternative polyadenylation events, involved in the regulation of more than 80% of the genes expressed in plants. (frontiersin.org)
  • Extracts from medicinal plants have been rich sources for compounds possessing activities to attenuate CSC characteristics. (ku.edu)
  • Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are increasingly finding use in risk assessment applications of data-rich compounds. (cdc.gov)
  • Both areas have known gold-rich mineral occurrences. (usgs.gov)
  • We start with lepidolite, a lithium-rich mineral found throughout Australia. (www.csiro.au)
  • Lepidolite is a purple-lilac coloured, lithium-rich mineral. (www.csiro.au)
  • Lepidolite is not only a stunning mica mineral with a scaly appearance, but also a major source of lithium, rubidium, and other rare elements. (www.csiro.au)
  • Commonly a beautiful lilac to light purple in colour, lepidolite is a mineral rich in lithium. (www.csiro.au)
  • The best characterised adenylate uridylate (AU)-rich Elements have a core sequence of AUUUA within U-rich sequences (for example WWWU(AUUUA)UUUW where W is A or U). This lies within a 50-150 base sequence, repeats of the core AUUUA element are often required for function. (wikipedia.org)
  • Previous studies of waters in the Pogo area (western part of current study) utilized conventional analytical methods not capable of measuring low concentrations of many elements (Wang et al. (usgs.gov)
  • 1973. Incidence, variability and controlling factors for trace elements in natural, fresh waters. (cdc.gov)
  • Rick is a multiple University of Tasmania Teaching Excellence Award winner and received a 2008 National Citation for Teaching but more importantly he loves to teach. (edu.au)
  • The decision to treat ureteral duplication surgically requires the consideration of multiple elements (see Treatment ). (medscape.com)
  • Polyunsaturated fatty acids in human nutrition / editors, Umberto Bracco, Richard J. Deckelbaum. (who.int)
  • Well according to Tom Corley, my good friend and co-author of my book Rich Habits Poor Habits , it's likely to be your poor habits. (propertyupdate.com.au)
  • He then differentiated what he calls "rich habits" and "poverty habits" - essentially, the tendencies of both groups - which he details in his new book, " Change Your Habits , Change Your Life. (propertyupdate.com.au)
  • Teaching and research are intertwined, or concomitant, elements of his professional life. (edu.au)
  • Note: This record shows only 22 elements of the WHO Trial Registration Data Set. (who.int)
  • La présente note d'orientation a pour objectif de passer en revue les interventions disponibles pour la prise en charge des troubles liés à la consommation de substances psychoactives, d'examiner les bases factuelles pour ces interventions dont le guide d'intervention du Programme d'action de l'OMS : Combler les lacunes en santé mentale (mhGAP), et d'effectuer des recommandations concernant le traitement de ces troubles. (who.int)
  • It's not only good for drawing and freehand writing, but also manipulating tiny elements on the screen when my fingers are clumsy at it. (tug.org)
  • AU-rich elements and associated factors: are there unifying principles? (wikipedia.org)
  • In the current study, water samples were collected from 36 stream sample sites, with a focus on streams around Black Mountain to the east and the Pogo Au deposit area to the west. (usgs.gov)
  • A precious metal is a rare metallic element of high economic value. (machinedesign.com)
  • A radionuclide is a radioactive form of an element, which means it is an unstable atom that becomes more stable by releasing. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mouse over screen elements for information. (nih.gov)
  • McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) consists of at least two of the following three features: (1) polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (PFD), (2) café-au-lait skin pigmentation (see the image below), and (3) autonomous endocrine hyperfunction (eg, gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty ). (medscape.com)
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from previously treated patients ( n = 88) from all regions of Syrian Arab Republic were characterized in terms of antibiotic sensitivity and genotyping using double-repetitive- element polymerase chain reaction (DRE-PCR) method for the proximity of the repetitive DNA elements IS 6110 (a mobile genetic element) and PGRS. (who.int)
  • Rick Snell is an Associate Professor in law at the University of Tasmania. (edu.au)
  • This rich, nice-smelling hand cream gives robust protection and relief for very dry skin, especially when it's exposed to the elements. (thebodyshop.com)
  • The effectiveness of The Body Shop's Hemp Hand Protector for ultra-dry skin lies in its rich formulation. (thebodyshop.com)
  • Stereocilia, which are rich in actin, line the inner ear and bend in response to sound waves. (medlineplus.gov)
  • 2. Ensuring sustainable financing is a critical element of attaining universal health coverage, and therefore contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). (who.int)
  • The recommendations within this policy brief incorporate the core recommendations on substance use disorder elements included in the mhGAP intervention guide. (who.int)
  • The effects of a polyphenol-rich blackcurrant drink on markers of the gut-brain axis in healthy females: A randomised double-blind cross-over intervention trial. (who.int)