AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
AtrophyMuscular AtrophyOptic AtrophyMuscular Atrophy, SpinalMultiple System AtrophySpinal Muscular Atrophies of ChildhoodOlivopontocerebellar AtrophiesGyrate AtrophyGeographic AtrophySurvival of Motor Neuron 1 ProteinMuscular Disorders, AtrophicMagnetic Resonance ImagingOptic Atrophy, Autosomal DominantSMN Complex ProteinsSurvival of Motor Neuron 2 ProteinHindlimb SuspensionMuscle, SkeletalBulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-LinkedBrainGastritis, AtrophicSKP Cullin F-Box Protein LigasesOptic Atrophies, HereditaryCerebellar AtaxiaAlzheimer DiseaseUveal DiseasesOrgan SizeSupranuclear Palsy, ProgressiveMuscle ProteinsFacial HemiatrophyOrnithine-Oxo-Acid TransaminaseShy-Drager SyndromeMuscle DenervationMuscle Fibers, SkeletalCognition DisordersDisease Models, AnimalSpinocerebellar DegenerationsDisease ProgressionTemporal LobeNeuronal Apoptosis-Inhibitory ProteinPepsinogen AMyoclonic Epilepsies, ProgressiveDementiaImmobilizationAgingBrain DiseasesMacular DegenerationMotor NeuronsFundus OculiMyostatinImage Processing, Computer-AssistedCerebellar DiseasesHippocampusNerve Tissue ProteinsPedigreeCyclic AMP Response Element-Binding ProteinAnterior Horn CellsFluorescein AngiographyCeliac DiseasePepsinogen CNerve DegenerationNeurodegenerative DiseasesFrontotemporal DementiaCerebral CortexChoroidBiopsyMuscle WeaknessCerebellumMild Cognitive ImpairmentMotor Neuron DiseaseMice, TransgenicCerebral VentriclesRNA-Binding ProteinsHelicobacter pyloriGastritisGastric Mucosa
Atrophy: Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes.Muscular Atrophy: Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation.Optic Atrophy: Atrophy of the optic disk which may be congenital or acquired. This condition indicates a deficiency in the number of nerve fibers which arise in the RETINA and converge to form the OPTIC DISK; OPTIC NERVE; OPTIC CHIASM; and optic tracts. GLAUCOMA; ISCHEMIA; inflammation, a chronic elevation of intracranial pressure, toxins, optic nerve compression, and inherited conditions (see OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY) are relatively common causes of this condition.Muscular Atrophy, Spinal: A group of disorders marked by progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord resulting in weakness and muscular atrophy, usually without evidence of injury to the corticospinal tracts. Diseases in this category include Werdnig-Hoffmann disease and later onset SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHIES OF CHILDHOOD, most of which are hereditary. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1089)Multiple System Atrophy: A syndrome complex composed of three conditions which represent clinical variants of the same disease process: STRIATONIGRAL DEGENERATION; SHY-DRAGER SYNDROME; and the sporadic form of OLIVOPONTOCEREBELLAR ATROPHIES. Clinical features include autonomic, cerebellar, and basal ganglia dysfunction. Pathologic examination reveals atrophy of the basal ganglia, cerebellum, pons, and medulla, with prominent loss of autonomic neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1076; Baillieres Clin Neurol 1997 Apr;6(1):187-204; Med Clin North Am 1999 Mar;83(2):381-92)Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood: A group of recessively inherited diseases that feature progressive muscular atrophy and hypotonia. They are classified as type I (Werdnig-Hoffman disease), type II (intermediate form), and type III (Kugelberg-Welander disease). Type I is fatal in infancy, type II has a late infantile onset and is associated with survival into the second or third decade. Type III has its onset in childhood, and is slowly progressive. (J Med Genet 1996 Apr:33(4):281-3)Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies: A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which share progressive ataxia in combination with atrophy of the CEREBELLUM; PONS; and inferior olivary nuclei. Additional clinical features may include MUSCLE RIGIDITY; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINAL DEGENERATION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; DEMENTIA; URINARY INCONTINENCE; and OPHTHALMOPLEGIA. The familial form has an earlier onset (second decade) and may feature spinal cord atrophy. The sporadic form tends to present in the fifth or sixth decade, and is considered a clinical subtype of MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1085)Gyrate Atrophy: Progressive, autosomal recessive, diffuse atrophy of the choroid, pigment epithelium, and sensory retina that begins in childhood.Geographic Atrophy: A form of MACULAR DEGENERATION also known as dry macular degeneration marked by occurrence of a well-defined progressive lesion or atrophy in the central part of the RETINA called the MACULA LUTEA. It is distinguishable from WET MACULAR DEGENERATION in that the latter involves neovascular exudates.Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein: A SMN complex protein that is essential for the function of the SMN protein complex. In humans the protein is encoded by a single gene found near the inversion telomere of a large inverted region of CHROMOSOME 5. Mutations in the gene coding for survival of motor neuron 1 protein may result in SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHIES OF CHILDHOOD.Muscular Disorders, Atrophic: Disorders characterized by an abnormal reduction in muscle volume due to a decrease in the size or number of muscle fibers. Atrophy may result from diseases intrinsic to muscle tissue (e.g., MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY) or secondary to PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES that impair innervation to muscle tissue (e.g., MUSCULAR ATROPHY, SPINAL).Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant: Dominant optic atrophy is a hereditary optic neuropathy causing decreased visual acuity, color vision deficits, a centrocecal scotoma, and optic nerve pallor (Hum. Genet. 1998; 102: 79-86). Mutations leading to this condition have been mapped to the OPA1 gene at chromosome 3q28-q29. OPA1 codes for a dynamin-related GTPase that localizes to mitochondria.SMN Complex Proteins: A complex of proteins that assemble the SNRNP CORE PROTEINS into a core structure that surrounds a highly conserved RNA sequence found in SMALL NUCLEAR RNA. They are found localized in the GEMINI OF COILED BODIES and in the CYTOPLASM. The SMN complex is named after the Survival of Motor Neuron Complex Protein 1, which is a critical component of the complex.Survival of Motor Neuron 2 Protein: A SMN complex protein that is closely-related to SURVIVAL OF MOTOR NEURON 1 PROTEIN. In humans, the protein is encoded by an often duplicated gene found near the inversion centromere of a large inverted region of CHROMOSOME 5.Hindlimb Suspension: Technique for limiting use, activity, or movement by immobilizing or restraining animal by suspending from hindlimbs or tails. This immobilization is used to simulate some effects of reduced gravity and study weightlessness physiology.Muscle, Skeletal: A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked: An X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular atrophy. It is due to a mutation of the gene encoding the ANDROGEN RECEPTOR.Brain: The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.Gastritis, Atrophic: GASTRITIS with atrophy of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, the GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS, and the mucosal glands leading to ACHLORHYDRIA. Atrophic gastritis usually progresses from chronic gastritis.SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases: A subset of ubiquitin protein ligases that are formed by the association of a SKP DOMAIN PROTEIN, a CULLIN DOMAIN PROTEIN and a F-BOX DOMAIN PROTEIN.Optic Atrophies, Hereditary: Hereditary conditions that feature progressive visual loss in association with optic atrophy. Relatively common forms include autosomal dominant optic atrophy (OPTIC ATROPHY, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT) and Leber hereditary optic atrophy (OPTIC ATROPHY, HEREDITARY, LEBER).Cerebellar Ataxia: Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90)Alzheimer Disease: A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)Uveal Diseases: Diseases of the uvea.Organ Size: The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive: A degenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS (supranuclear ophthalmoplegia); DYSARTHRIA; swallowing difficulties; and axial DYSTONIA. Onset is usually in the fifth decade and disease progression occurs over several years. Pathologic findings include neurofibrillary degeneration and neuronal loss in the dorsal MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS; RED NUCLEUS; pallidum; dentate nucleus; and vestibular nuclei. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1076-7)Muscle Proteins: The protein constituents of muscle, the major ones being ACTINS and MYOSINS. More than a dozen accessory proteins exist including TROPONIN; TROPOMYOSIN; and DYSTROPHIN.Facial Hemiatrophy: A syndrome characterized by slowly progressive unilateral atrophy of facial subcutaneous fat, muscle tissue, skin, cartilage, and bone. The condition typically progresses over a period of 2-10 years and then stabilizes.Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase: A pyridoxal phosphate enzyme that catalyzes the formation of glutamate gamma-semialdehyde and an L-amino acid from L-ornithine and a 2-keto-acid. EC 2.6.1.13.Shy-Drager Syndrome: A progressive neurodegenerative condition of the central and autonomic nervous systems characterized by atrophy of the preganglionic lateral horn neurons of the thoracic spinal cord. This disease is generally considered a clinical variant of MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. Affected individuals present in the fifth or sixth decade with ORTHOSTASIS and bladder dysfunction; and later develop FECAL INCONTINENCE; anhidrosis; ATAXIA; IMPOTENCE; and alterations of tone suggestive of basal ganglia dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p536)Muscle Denervation: The resection or removal of the innervation of a muscle or muscle tissue.Muscle Fibers, Skeletal: Large, multinucleate single cells, either cylindrical or prismatic in shape, that form the basic unit of SKELETAL MUSCLE. They consist of MYOFIBRILS enclosed within and attached to the SARCOLEMMA. They are derived from the fusion of skeletal myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, SKELETAL) into a syncytium, followed by differentiation.Cognition Disorders: Disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.Disease Models, Animal: Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.Spinocerebellar Degenerations: A heterogenous group of degenerative syndromes marked by progressive cerebellar dysfunction either in isolation or combined with other neurologic manifestations. Sporadic and inherited subtypes occur. Inheritance patterns include autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked.Disease Progression: The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.Temporal Lobe: Lower lateral part of the cerebral hemisphere responsible for auditory, olfactory, and semantic processing. It is located inferior to the lateral fissure and anterior to the OCCIPITAL LOBE.Neuronal Apoptosis-Inhibitory Protein: An inhibitor of apoptosis protein that was initially identified during analysis of CHROMOSOME DELETIONS associated with SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY. Naip contains a nucleotide binding oligomerization domain and a carboxy-terminal LEUCINE rich repeat.Pepsinogen A: This is one of 2 related pepsinogen systems in humans and is also known as pepsinogen. (The other is PEPSINOGEN C.) This includes isozymogens Pg1-Pg5 (pepsinogens 1-5, group I or products of PGA1-PGA5 genes). This is the main pepsinogen found in urine.Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive: A heterogeneous group of primarily familial disorders characterized by myoclonic seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, ataxia, progressive intellectual deterioration, and neuronal degeneration. These include LAFORA DISEASE; MERRF SYNDROME; NEURONAL CEROID-LIPOFUSCINOSIS; sialidosis (see MUCOLIPIDOSES), and UNVERRICHT-LUNDBORG SYNDROME.Dementia: An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness.Immobilization: The restriction of the MOVEMENT of whole or part of the body by physical means (RESTRAINT, PHYSICAL) or chemically by ANALGESIA, or the use of TRANQUILIZING AGENTS or NEUROMUSCULAR NONDEPOLARIZING AGENTS. It includes experimental protocols used to evaluate the physiologic effects of immobility.Aging: The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.Brain Diseases: Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.Macular Degeneration: Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms.Motor Neurons: Neurons which activate MUSCLE CELLS.Fundus Oculi: The concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, seen by means of the ophthalmoscope. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)Myostatin: A growth differentiation factor that is a potent inhibitor of SKELETAL MUSCLE growth. It may play a role in the regulation of MYOGENESIS and in muscle maintenance during adulthood.Image Processing, Computer-Assisted: A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.Cerebellar Diseases: Diseases that affect the structure or function of the cerebellum. Cardinal manifestations of cerebellar dysfunction include dysmetria, GAIT ATAXIA, and MUSCLE HYPOTONIA.Hippocampus: A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation.Nerve Tissue ProteinsPedigree: The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein: A protein that has been shown to function as a calcium-regulated transcription factor as well as a substrate for depolarization-activated CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES. This protein functions to integrate both calcium and cAMP signals.Anterior Horn Cells: MOTOR NEURONS in the anterior (ventral) horn of the SPINAL CORD which project to SKELETAL MUSCLES.Fluorescein Angiography: Visualization of a vascular system after intravenous injection of a fluorescein solution. The images may be photographed or televised. It is used especially in studying the retinal and uveal vasculature.Celiac Disease: A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION.Pepsinogen C: This is one of the 2 related pepsinogen systems in humans. It is found in prostate and seminal fluid whereas PEPSINOGEN A is not.Nerve Degeneration: Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.Neurodegenerative Diseases: Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.Frontotemporal Dementia: The most common clinical form of FRONTOTEMPORAL LOBAR DEGENERATION, this dementia presents with personality and behavioral changes often associated with disinhibition, apathy, and lack of insight.Cerebral Cortex: The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulchi. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions.Choroid: The thin, highly vascular membrane covering most of the posterior of the eye between the RETINA and SCLERA.Biopsy: Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body.Muscle Weakness: A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and neuromuscular diseases. (From Wyngaarden et al., Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p2251)Cerebellum: The part of brain that lies behind the BRAIN STEM in the posterior base of skull (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR). It is also known as the "little brain" with convolutions similar to those of CEREBRAL CORTEX, inner white matter, and deep cerebellar nuclei. Its function is to coordinate voluntary movements, maintain balance, and learn motor skills.Mild Cognitive Impairment: A prodromal phase of cognitive decline that may precede the emergence of ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other dementias. It may include impairment of cognition, such as impairments in language, visuospatial awareness, ATTENTION and MEMORY.Motor Neuron Disease: Diseases characterized by a selective degeneration of the motor neurons of the spinal cord, brainstem, or motor cortex. Clinical subtypes are distinguished by the major site of degeneration. In AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS there is involvement of upper, lower, and brainstem motor neurons. In progressive muscular atrophy and related syndromes (see MUSCULAR ATROPHY, SPINAL) the motor neurons in the spinal cord are primarily affected. With progressive bulbar palsy (BULBAR PALSY, PROGRESSIVE), the initial degeneration occurs in the brainstem. In primary lateral sclerosis, the cortical neurons are affected in isolation. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1089)Mice, Transgenic: Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.Cerebral Ventricles: Four CSF-filled (see CEREBROSPINAL FLUID) cavities within the cerebral hemispheres (LATERAL VENTRICLES), in the midline (THIRD VENTRICLE) and within the PONS and MEDULLA OBLONGATA (FOURTH VENTRICLE).RNA-Binding Proteins: Proteins that bind to RNA molecules. Included here are RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS and other proteins whose function is to bind specifically to RNA.Helicobacter pylori: A spiral bacterium active as a human gastric pathogen. It is a gram-negative, urease-positive, curved or slightly spiral organism initially isolated in 1982 from patients with lesions of gastritis or peptic ulcers in Western Australia. Helicobacter pylori was originally classified in the genus CAMPYLOBACTER, but RNA sequencing, cellular fatty acid profiles, growth patterns, and other taxonomic characteristics indicate that the micro-organism should be included in the genus HELICOBACTER. It has been officially transferred to Helicobacter gen. nov. (see Int J Syst Bacteriol 1989 Oct;39(4):297-405).Gastritis: Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion observed in a number of unrelated disorders.Gastric Mucosa: Lining of the STOMACH, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. The surface cells produce MUCUS that protects the stomach from attack by digestive acid and enzymes. When the epithelium invaginates into the LAMINA PROPRIA at various region of the stomach (CARDIA; GASTRIC FUNDUS; and PYLORUS), different tubular gastric glands are formed. These glands consist of cells that secrete mucus, enzymes, HYDROCHLORIC ACID, or hormones.

Indirect evidence for cholinergic inhibition of intestinal bicarbonate absorption in humans. (1/3164)

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that in the fasting state, proximal intestinal HCO3- absorption, which depends on villus Na+/H+ exchanger activity, is tonically inhibited by a cholinergic atropine sensitive mechanism. SUBJECTS: The experiments were performed in 34 healthy volunteers and in eight patients with intestinal villus atrophy. METHODS: HCO3- absorption was measured with a modified triple lumen perfusion technique in the distal duodenum, the most proximal portion of the small intestine. The study was designed to compensate for the inhibitory effects of atropine on intestinal motor activity. RESULTS: Atropine had three effects on HCO3- transport: it reduced HCO3- concentration at the proximal aspiration site, it displaced the relation between HCO3- concentration and HCO3- absorption to the left, and it induced a significant acidification of the perfusate at the distal aspiration site. The magnitude of the stimulatory effect on HCO3- absorption was similar to the difference between patients with intestinal villus atrophy and healthy controls. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that, in the fasting state, duodenal HCO3- absorption, which depends on villus Na+/H+ exchanger activity, may be tonically inhibited by an atropine sensitive cholinergic mechanism.  (+info)

Proteinuria induces tubular cell turnover: A potential mechanism for tubular atrophy. (2/3164)

BACKGROUND: Proteinuria and tubular atrophy have both been closely linked with progressive renal failure. We hypothesized that apoptosis may be induced by tubular cell exposure to heavy proteinuria, potentially leading to tubular atrophy. Apoptosis was studied in a rat model of "pure" proteinuria, which does not induce renal impairment, namely protein-overload proteinuria. METHODS: Adult female Lewis rats underwent intraperitoneal injection of 2 g of bovine serum albumin (BSA, N = 16) or sham saline injections (controls, N = 8) daily for seven days. Apoptosis was assessed at day 7 in tissue sections using in situ end labeling (ISEL) and electron microscopy. ISEL-positive nuclei (apoptotic particles) were counted in blinded fashion using image analysis with NIH Image. Cell proliferation was assessed by detection of mRNA for histone by in situ hybridization, followed by counting of positive cells using NIH Image. RESULTS: Animals injected with saline showed very low levels of apoptosis on image analysis. BSA-injected rats had heavy proteinuria and showed both cortical and medullary apoptosis on ISEL. This was predominantly seen in the tubules and, to a lesser extent, in the interstitial compartment. Overall, the animals injected with BSA showed a significant 30-fold increase in the number of cortical apoptotic particles. Electron microscopy of tubular cells in a BSA-injected animal showed a progression of ultrastructural changes consistent with tubular cell apoptosis. The BSA-injected animals also displayed a significant increase in proximal tubular cell proliferation. This increased proliferation was less marked than the degree of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Protein-overload proteinuria in rats induces tubular cell apoptosis. This effect is only partially balanced by proliferation and potentially provides a direct mechanism whereby heavy proteinuria can induce tubular atrophy and progressive renal failure.  (+info)

Computerised tomography and intellectual impairment in the elderly. (3/3164)

Sixty-six elderly subjects (mean age 77 years) whose mental state was assessed clinically and by simple psychometric tests have been studied by computerised tomography. The mean maximum ventricular area in the 17 mentally normal subjects was above the upper limit of normal for younger subjects, and there was a broad relationship between increasing ventricular dilatation and increasing intellectual impairment. No such clear relationship was demonstrable for measures of cortical atrophy.  (+info)

Computerised axial tomography in patients with severe migraine: a preliminary report. (4/3164)

Patients suffering from severe migraine, usually for many years, have been examined by the EMI scanner between attacks. Judged by criteria validated originally by comparison with pneumoencephalography, about half of the patients showed evidence of cerebral atrophy. Perhaps of more significance than generalised atrophy was the frequency of areas of focal atrophy and of evidence of infarction.  (+info)

Increased neurodegeneration during ageing in mice lacking high-affinity nicotine receptors. (5/3164)

We have examined neuroanatomical, biochemical and endocrine parameters and spatial learning in mice lacking the beta2 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) during ageing. Aged beta2(-/-) mutant mice showed region-specific alterations in cortical regions, including neocortical hypotrophy, loss of hippocampal pyramidal neurons, astro- and microgliosis and elevation of serum corticosterone levels. Whereas adult mutant and control animals performed well in the Morris maze, 22- to 24-month-old beta2(-/-) mice were significantly impaired in spatial learning. These data show that beta2 subunit-containing nAChRs can contribute to both neuronal survival and maintenance of cognitive performance during ageing. beta2(-/-) mice may thus serve as one possible animal model for some of the cognitive deficits and degenerative processes which take place during physiological ageing and in Alzheimer's disease, particularly those associated with dysfunction of the cholinergic system.  (+info)

Contributory and exacerbating roles of gaseous ammonia and organic dust in the etiology of atrophic rhinitis. (6/3164)

Pigs reared commercially indoors are exposed to air heavily contaminated with particulate and gaseous pollutants. Epidemiological surveys have shown an association between the levels of these pollutants and the severity of lesions associated with the upper respiratory tract disease of swine atrophic rhinitis. This study investigated the role of aerial pollutants in the etiology of atrophic rhinitis induced by Pasteurella multocida. Forty, 1-week-old Large White piglets were weaned and divided into eight groups designated A to H. The groups were housed in Rochester exposure chambers and continuously exposed to the following pollutants: ovalbumin (groups A and B), ammonia (groups C and D), ovalbumin plus ammonia (groups E and F), and unpolluted air (groups G and H). The concentrations of pollutants used were 20 mg m-3 total mass and 5 mg m-3 respirable mass for ovalbumin dust and 50 ppm for ammonia. One week after exposure commenced, the pigs in groups A, C, E, and G were infected with P. multocida type D by intranasal inoculation. After 4 weeks of exposure to pollutants, the pigs were killed and the extent of turbinate atrophy was assessed with a morphometric index (MI). Control pigs kept in clean air and not inoculated with P. multocida (group H) had normal turbinate morphology with a mean MI of 41.12% (standard deviation [SD], +/- 1. 59%). In contrast, exposure to pollutants in the absence of P. multocida (groups B, D, and F) induced mild turbinate atrophy with mean MIs of 49.65% (SD, +/-1.96%), 51.04% (SD, +/-2.06%), and 49.88% (SD, +/-3.51%), respectively. A similar level of atrophy was also evoked by inoculation with P. multocida in the absence of pollutants (group G), giving a mean MI of 50.77% (SD, +/-2.07%). However, when P. multocida inoculation was combined with pollutant exposure (groups A, C, and E) moderate to severe turbinate atrophy occurred with mean MIs of 64.93% (SD, +/-4.64%), 59.18% (SD, +/-2.79%), and 73.30% (SD, +/-3.19%), respectively. The severity of atrophy was greatest in pigs exposed simultaneously to dust and ammonia. At the end of the exposure period, higher numbers of P. multocida bacteria were isolated from the tonsils than from the nasal membrane, per gram of tissue. The severity of turbinate atrophy in inoculated pigs was proportional to the number of P. multocida bacteria isolated from tonsils (r2 = 0.909, P < 0.05) and nasal membrane (r2 = 0.628, P < 0.05). These findings indicate that aerial pollutants contribute to the severity of lesions associated with atrophic rhinitis by facilitating colonization of the pig's upper respiratory tract by P. multocida and also by directly evoking mild atrophy.  (+info)

Quantitative assessment of gastric atrophy using the syntactic structure analysis. (7/3164)

AIM: To assess the topographical relation between gastric glands, using the minimum spanning tree (MST), to derive both a model of neighbourhood and quantitative representation of the tissue's architecture, to assess the characteristic features of gastric atrophy, and to assess the grades of gastric atrophy. METHODS: Haematoxylin and eosin stained sections from corporal and antral biopsy specimens (n = 139) from normal patients and from patients with nonatrophic gastritis and atrophic gastritis of grades 1, 2, and 3 (Sydney system) were assessed by image analysis system (Prodit 5.2) and 11 syntactic structure features were derived. These included both line and connectivity features. RESULTS: Syntactic structure analysis was correlated with the semiquantitative grading system of gastric atrophy. The study showed significant reductions in the number of points and the length of MST in both body and antrum. The standard deviation of the length of MST was significantly increased in all grades of atrophy. The connectivity to two glands was the highest and most affected by the increased grade of atrophy. The reciprocal values of the Wiener, Randic, and Balaban indices showed significant changes in the volume of gland, abnormality in the shape of glands, and changes in irregularity and branching of the glands in both types of gastric mucosa. There was a complete separation in the MST, connectivity, and index values between low grade and high grade gastric atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Gastric atrophy was characterised by loss of the gland, variation in the volume, reduction in the neighbourhood, irregularity in spacing, and abnormality in the shape of the glands. (2) Syntactic structure analysis significantly differentiated minor changes in gastric gland (low grade atrophy) from high grade atrophy of clinical significance. (3) Syntactic structure analysis is a simple, fast, and highly reproducible technique and appears a promising method for quantitative assessment of atrophy.  (+info)

Infratentorial atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging and disability in multiple sclerosis. (8/3164)

Loss of tissue volume in the central nervous system may provide an index of fixed neurological dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Recent magnetic resonance studies have shown a modest relationship between clinical disability rating scores and transverse sectional area of the cervical spinal cord. To explore further the relationship between atrophy and disability in multiple sclerosis, we estimated the volumes of infratentorial structures from MRIs in a cross-sectional study of 41 patients, 21 with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and 20 with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. We used the Cavalieri method of modern design stereology with point counting to estimate the volume of brainstem, cerebellum and upper cervical spinal cord from three-dimensional MRIs acquired with an MPRAGE (Magnetization-prepared Rapid Acquisition Gradient Echo) sequence. The volume of the upper (C1-C3) cervical spinal cord was significantly correlated with a composite spinal cord score derived from the appropriate Functional Scale scores of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (r = -0.50, P < 0.01). The cerebellar (r = 0.49, P < 0.01) and brainstem (r = 0.34, P < 0.05) volumes correlated with the Scripp's Neurological Disability Rating Scale scores. The upper cervical cord volumes (r = -0.39, P < 0.01), but not the brainstem or cerebellar volumes, were significantly associated with disease duration. MRI-estimated structural volumes may provide a simple index of axonal and/or myelin loss, the presumed pathological substrates of irreversible impairment and disability in multiple sclerosis.  (+info)

Hippocampal atrophy on MRI in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and Alzheimers disease | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &...Hippocampal atrophy on MRI in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and Alzheimer's disease | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &...
Background: Hippocampal atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an early characteristic of Alzheimers disease. However, hippocampal atrophy may also occur in other dementias, such as frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD).. Objective: To investigate hippocampal atrophy on MRI in FTLD and its three clinical subtypes, in comparison with Alzheimers disease, using volumetry and a visual rating scale.. Methods: 42 patients with FTLD (17 frontotemporal dementia, 13 semantic dementia, and 12 progressive non-fluent aphasia), 103 patients with Alzheimers disease, and 73 controls were included. Hippocampal volumetry and the easily applicable medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) rating scale were applied to assess hippocampal atrophy.. Results: Multivariate analysis of variance for repeated measures showed an effect of diagnostic group on hippocampal volume. There was a significant diagnosis by side (left v right) interaction. Both FTLD and Alzheimers disease showed hippocampal atrophy compared ...
Differentiating AD from aging using semi-automated measurment of hippocampal atrophy rates - Surrey Research Insight Open...Differentiating AD from aging using semi-automated measurment of hippocampal atrophy rates - Surrey Research Insight Open...
Lewis, EB, Barnes, J, Scahill, RI, Boyes, RG, Frost, C, Rossor C, , rossor, MN and Fox, NC (2004) Differentiating AD from aging using semi-automated measurment of hippocampal atrophy rates ...
Differing patterns of temporal atrophy in Alzheimers disease and semantic dementia -ORCADiffering patterns of temporal atrophy in Alzheimer's disease and semantic dementia -ORCA
Objective: To characterize and quantify the patterns of temporal lobe atrophy in AD vs semantic dementia and to relate the findings to the cognitive profiles. Medial temporal lobe atrophy is well described in AD. In temporal variant frontotemporal dementia (semantic dementia), clinical studies suggest polar and inferolateral temporal atrophy with hippocampal sparing, but quantification is largely lacking. Methods: A volumetric method for quantifying multiple temporal structures was applied to 26 patients with probable AD, 18 patients with semantic dementia, and 21 matched control subjects. Results: The authors confirmed the expected bilateral hippocampal atrophy in AD relative to controls, with involvement of the amygdala bilaterally and the right parahippocampal gyrus. Contrary to expectations, patients with semantic dementia had asymmetric hippocampal atrophy, more extensive than AD on the left. As predicted, the semantic dementia group showed more severe involvement of the temporal pole ...
Evaluating Alzheimers disease progression using rate of regional hippocampal atrophy. - Wellcome Centre for Integrative...Evaluating Alzheimer's disease progression using rate of regional hippocampal atrophy. - Wellcome Centre for Integrative...
Alzheimers disease (AD) is characterized by neurofibrillary tangle and neuropil thread deposition, which ultimately results in neuronal loss. A large number of magnetic resonance imaging studies have reported a smaller hippocampus in AD patients as compared to healthy elderlies. Even though this difference is often interpreted as atrophy, it is only an indirect measurement. A more direct way of measuring the atrophy is to use repeated MRIs within the same individual. Even though several groups have used this appropriate approach, the pattern of hippocampal atrophy still remains unclear and difficult to relate to underlying pathophysiology. Here, in this longitudinal study, we aimed to map hippocampal atrophy rates in patients with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and elderly controls. Data consisted of two MRI scans for each subject. The symmetric deformation field between the first and the second MRI was computed and mapped onto the three-dimensional hippocampal surface. The pattern of atrophy rate
Evaluating Alzheimers disease progression using rate of regional hippocampal atrophy. - Nuffield Department of Clinical...Evaluating Alzheimer's disease progression using rate of regional hippocampal atrophy. - Nuffield Department of Clinical...
Alzheimers disease (AD) is characterized by neurofibrillary tangle and neuropil thread deposition, which ultimately results in neuronal loss. A large number of magnetic resonance imaging studies have reported a smaller hippocampus in AD patients as compared to healthy elderlies. Even though this difference is often interpreted as atrophy, it is only an indirect measurement. A more direct way of measuring the atrophy is to use repeated MRIs within the same individual. Even though several groups have used this appropriate approach, the pattern of hippocampal atrophy still remains unclear and difficult to relate to underlying pathophysiology. Here, in this longitudinal study, we aimed to map hippocampal atrophy rates in patients with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and elderly controls. Data consisted of two MRI scans for each subject. The symmetric deformation field between the first and the second MRI was computed and mapped onto the three-dimensional hippocampal surface. The pattern of atrophy rate
Central progressive retinal atrophy | Article about Central progressive retinal atrophy by The Free DictionaryCentral progressive retinal atrophy | Article about Central progressive retinal atrophy by The Free Dictionary
Looking for Central progressive retinal atrophy? Find out information about Central progressive retinal atrophy. 1. a. of or relating to the central nervous system b. of or relating to the centrum of a vertebra 2. directed from or towards a point Explanation of Central progressive retinal atrophy
The relationship of weight change trajectory with medial temporal lobe atrophy in patients with mildAlzheimers disease :...The relationship of weight change trajectory with medial temporal lobe atrophy in patients with mildAlzheimers disease :...
Introduction: Weight loss has been described in 20% to 45% of patients with Alzheimers disease (AD) and has been associated with adverse outcomes. Various mechanisms for weight loss in AD patients have been proposed, though none has been proven. This study aimed to elucidate a mechanism of weight loss in AD patients by examining the hypothesis that weight loss is associated with medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA). Methods: Patients from the Frisian Alzheimers disease cohort study (a retrospective, longitudinal study of 576 community-dwelling AD patients) were included when a brain MRI was performed on which MTA could be assessed. To investigate the hypothesis that weight loss is associated with MTA, we investigated whether the trajectory of body weight change depends on the severity of MTA at the time of diagnosis (that is baseline). We hypothesized that patients with more severe MTA at baseline would have a lower body weight at baseline and a faster decrease in body weight during the course of ...
Focal atrophy in dementia with Lewy bodies on MRI: A distinct pattern from Alzheimers disease<...Focal atrophy in dementia with Lewy bodies on MRI: A distinct pattern from Alzheimer's disease<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Focal atrophy in dementia with Lewy bodies on MRI. T2 - A distinct pattern from Alzheimers disease. AU - Whitwell, Jennifer Lynn. AU - Weigand, Stephen D.. AU - Shiung, Maria M.. AU - Boeve, Bradley F. AU - Ferman, Tanis Jill. AU - Smith, Glenn E.. AU - Knopman, David S. AU - Petersen, Ronald Carl. AU - Benarroch, Eduardo E.. AU - Josephs, Keith Anthony. AU - Jack, Clifford R Jr.. PY - 2007/3. Y1 - 2007/3. N2 - Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common cause of degenerative dementia after Alzheimers disease. However, unlike the latter, the patterns of cerebral atrophy associated with DLB have not been well established. The aim of this study was to identify a signature pattern of cerebral atrophy in DLB and to compare it with the pattern found in Alzheimers disease. Seventy-two patients that fulfilled clinical criteria for probable DLB were age- and gender-matched to 72 patients with probable Alzheimers disease and 72 controls. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was ...
Increased brain atrophy rates in cognitively normal older adults with low cerebrospinal fluid Aβ1-42Increased brain atrophy rates in cognitively normal older adults with low cerebrospinal fluid Aβ1-42
A significant percentage of healthy older adults have CSF profiles consistent with AD and increased rates of brain atrophy, suggesting that they may be in the earliest stages of neurodegeneration. Brain atrophy may be a feasible outcome measure for AD prevention studies.
Posterior Cortical Atrophy | Signs, Symptoms, & DiagnosisPosterior Cortical Atrophy | Signs, Symptoms, & Diagnosis
Posterior Cortical Atrophy disease dementia is a type of dementia, related to Alzheimers disease. Learn about Posterior Cortical Atrophy disease signs and symptoms and treatment and get support resources.
The pattern of gray matter atrophy in Parkinsons disease differs in cortical and subcortical regions<...The pattern of gray matter atrophy in Parkinson's disease differs in cortical and subcortical regions<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - The pattern of gray matter atrophy in Parkinsons disease differs in cortical and subcortical regions. AU - Lewis, Mechelle M.. AU - Du, Guangwei. AU - Lee, Eun Young. AU - Nasralah, Zeinab. AU - Sterling, Nicholas W.. AU - Zhang, Lijun. AU - Wagner, Daymond. AU - Kong, Lan. AU - Tröster, Alexander I.. AU - Styner, Martin. AU - Eslinger, Paul J.. AU - Mailman, Richard B.. AU - Huang, Xuemei. PY - 2016/1/1. Y1 - 2016/1/1. N2 - Cortical and subcortical gray matter (GM) atrophy may progress differently during the course of Parkinsons disease (PD). We delineated and compared the longitudinal pattern of these PD-related changes. Structural MRIs and clinical measures were obtained from 76 PD with different disease durations and 70 Controls at baseline, 18-, and 36 months. Both cortical and subcortical (putamen, caudate, and globus pallidus) GM volumes were obtained, compared, and associated with PD clinical measures at baseline. Their volumes and rates of change also were compared ...
Multiple Sclerosis Research: Poll results: outcome measures and brain atrophyMultiple Sclerosis Research: Poll results: outcome measures and brain atrophy
This effect of relapses on the survival curve is a major confounder and is the reason why I believe that to claim that a particular drug has impact on disability progression it also need to impact on the average EDSS scores across the study and have an impact on objective MRI measures that we have linked to disease progression, for example brain atrophy. I am therefore very impressed that 38% of readers of this blog rated brain atrophy as the most important outcome measure for a DMT. I am not sure in myself that it should be rated this highly at this point in time, simply because we still have a lot for us to learn about its meaning and role in MS. Despite this brain atrophy does offer us a window into the brain and probably correlates with neuroprotective effects of DMTs. This is why DMTs that have a positive impact on brain atrophy are more-than-likely to have a positive impact on long-term disability progression, the outcome measure that is the most important to MSers." ...
Best Treatment for Advanced Renal AtrophyBest Treatment for Advanced Renal Atrophy
In most cases, advanced renal atrophy is one sign of kidney failure or ESRD. From this point, patients usually try to find out best treatment for advanced renal atrophy.
Serval - Posterior cortical atrophy: review of the recent literature.Serval - Posterior cortical atrophy: review of the recent literature.
Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a group of neurodegenerative dementing disorders characterized by initial predominant visual complaints followed by progressive decline in cognitive functions. The visuospatial and visuoperceptual defects arise from the dysfunction of, respectively, the dorsal (occipito-parietal) and the ventral (occipito-temporal) streams. Clinical symptoms, results of neuropsychological examination, and findings of posterior cerebral atrophy and/or posterior hypoperfusion/hypometabolism contribute to the diagnosis. However, owing to the insidious onset of PCA and the non-specificity of initial symptoms, the diagnosis is often delayed. Specific etiologies include Alzheimers disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, subcortical gliosis, corticobasal degeneration, and prion-associated diseases. Alzheimers disease accounts for at least 80 % of PCA cases. Recent research has concentrated on better defining the clinical presentation of PCA, improving neuroimaging analysis, t
A regional consensus recommendation on brain atrophy as an outcome measure in multiple sclerosis<...A regional consensus recommendation on brain atrophy as an outcome measure in multiple sclerosis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - A regional consensus recommendation on brain atrophy as an outcome measure in multiple sclerosis. AU - Alroughani, Raed. AU - Deleu, Dirk. AU - El Salem, Khalid. AU - Al-Hashel, Jasem. AU - Alexander, K. John. AU - Abdelrazek, Mohamed Assem. AU - Aljishi, Adel. AU - Alkhaboori, Jaber. AU - Al Azri, Faisal. AU - Al Zadjali, Nahida. AU - Hbahbih, Majed. AU - Sokrab, Tag Eldin. AU - Said, Mohamed. AU - Rovira, Àlex. PY - 2016/11/24. Y1 - 2016/11/24. N2 - Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes leading to irreversible neurological impairment. Brain atrophy occurs early in the course of the disease at a rate greater than the general population. Brain volume loss (BVL) is associated with disability progression and cognitive impairment in patients with MS; hence its value as a potential target in monitoring and treating MS is discussed. Methods: A group of MS neurologists and neuro-radiologists ...
UMRAM - The association of cognitive impairment with gray matter atrophy and cortical lesion load in clinically isolated...UMRAM - The association of cognitive impairment with gray matter atrophy and cortical lesion load in clinically isolated...
A new study by UMRAM researchers Professor Kader Karlı Oguz and Arzu Ceylan Has has been published in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorderss November issue. In this study, the profile of cognitive impairment in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), and the contribution of cortical inflammation, cortical and deep gray matter atrophy, and white matter lesions to cognitive decline were investigated. For this purpose thirty patients with clinically isolated syndrome and twenty demographically- matched healthy controls underwent neuropsychologic assessment through the Rao Brief Repeatable Battery, and brain magnetic resonance imaging with double inversion recovery using a 3T scanner.. In this study, It has been found that disease duration and educational years had contributions to some of the cognitive test scores, while age affected some volumetric measures of the brain. So while analyzing the correlations between test performances and volumetric measures, our researchers has controlled these ...
CMSC INforMS: Gray Matter Atrophy Tied to Specific Disabilities in MS - Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers (CMSC)CMSC INforMS: Gray Matter Atrophy Tied to Specific Disabilities in MS - Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers (CMSC)
While they did not observe a statistically significant correlation between whole-gray matter volumes and the EDSS scores, they did discover an inverse correlation between whole-gray matter volumes and the EDSS bowel and bladder functional system subscore and between gray matter volumes and the EDSS cerebellar functional system subscore. Less gray matter volume was correlated with more disability, they said.. "Although several studies have reported that gray matter atrophy is associated with EDSS scores, others have not found such a correlation," the researchers said. "The difference in our observations again may be owing to differences in our patient populations.". The study had a number of limitations, including the fact that the cohort consisted entirely of untreated female patients with RRMS. The findings may have been different if the patient population had been male or if the patients had progressive MS, they noted.. The researchers called for further longitudinal studies with larger ...
Preventing Alzheimers disease-related gray matter atrophy by B-vitamin treatment. - Oxford Big Data InstitutePreventing Alzheimer's disease-related gray matter atrophy by B-vitamin treatment. - Oxford Big Data Institute
Is it possible to prevent atrophy of key brain regions related to cognitive decline and Alzheimers disease (AD)? One approach is to modify nongenetic risk factors, for instance by lowering elevated plasma homocysteine using B vitamins. In an initial, randomized controlled study on elderly subjects with increased dementia risk (mild cognitive impairment according to 2004 Petersen criteria), we showed that high-dose B-vitamin treatment (folic acid 0.8 mg, vitamin B6 20 mg, vitamin B12 0.5 mg) slowed shrinkage of the whole brain volume over 2 y. Here, we go further by demonstrating that B-vitamin treatment reduces, by as much as seven fold, the cerebral atrophy in those gray matter (GM) regions specifically vulnerable to the AD process, including the medial temporal lobe. In the placebo group, higher homocysteine levels at baseline are associated with faster GM atrophy, but this deleterious effect is largely prevented by B-vitamin treatment. We additionally show that the beneficial effect of B vitamins is
Preventing Alzheimers disease-related gray matter atrophy by B-vitamin treatment. - Wellcome Centre for Integrative...Preventing Alzheimer's disease-related gray matter atrophy by B-vitamin treatment. - Wellcome Centre for Integrative...
Is it possible to prevent atrophy of key brain regions related to cognitive decline and Alzheimers disease (AD)? One approach is to modify nongenetic risk factors, for instance by lowering elevated plasma homocysteine using B vitamins. In an initial, randomized controlled study on elderly subjects with increased dementia risk (mild cognitive impairment according to 2004 Petersen criteria), we showed that high-dose B-vitamin treatment (folic acid 0.8 mg, vitamin B6 20 mg, vitamin B12 0.5 mg) slowed shrinkage of the whole brain volume over 2 y. Here, we go further by demonstrating that B-vitamin treatment reduces, by as much as seven fold, the cerebral atrophy in those gray matter (GM) regions specifically vulnerable to the AD process, including the medial temporal lobe. In the placebo group, higher homocysteine levels at baseline are associated with faster GM atrophy, but this deleterious effect is largely prevented by B-vitamin treatment. We additionally show that the beneficial effect of B vitamins is
Brain Atrophy in Cognitively Impaired Elderly: The Importance of Long-Chain ω-3 Fatty Acids and B Vitamin Status in a...Brain Atrophy in Cognitively Impaired Elderly: The Importance of Long-Chain ω-3 Fatty Acids and B Vitamin Status in a...
The beneficial effect of B vitamin treatment on brain atrophy was observed only in subjects with high plasma ω-3 fatty acids. It is also suggested that the beneficial effect of ω-3 fatty acids on brain atrophy may be confined to subjects with good B vitamin status. The results highlight the importan …
Association between naturally occurring anti-amyloid β autoantibodies and medial temporal lobe atrophy in Alzheimers disease |...Association between naturally occurring anti-amyloid β autoantibodies and medial temporal lobe atrophy in Alzheimer's disease |...
Methods Serum and CSF levels of anti-Aβ autoantibodies and CSF biomarkers were evaluated in 68 patients with cognitive impairment, comprising 44 patients with AD, 19 patients with amnestic MCI and five patients with non-Alzheimers dementia. The degree of brain atrophy was assessed using the voxel-based specific regional analysis system for AD, which targets the volume of interest (VOI) in medial temporal structures, including the whole hippocampus, entorhinal cortex and amygdala. ...
Focal atrophy on MRI and neuropathologic classification of dementia with Lewy bodies | NeurologyFocal atrophy on MRI and neuropathologic classification of dementia with Lewy bodies | Neurology
In the current study, pathologic classification of DLB was made according to the likelihood classification proposed by the Third Report of the DLB Consortium criteria.6 Using this classification scheme, antemortem MRI hippocampal volumes in patients with high likelihood DLB were indistinguishable from those of control subjects (i.e., individuals with low likelihood AD and no LB-related pathology), whereas low and intermediate likelihood DLB groups showed significantly smaller hippocampal volumes during life. Moreover, within the DLB pathologic groups, there was a significant stepwise relationship with greater hippocampal volume from low to intermediate to high likelihood DLB.. These findings are in agreement with the reports on preservation of hippocampal volumes in patients with clinically diagnosed and pathologically confirmed DLB.15,17,28 The current data also show a relationship between hippocampal volume and Braak NFT stage in patients with DLB, suggesting that hippocampal volume is ...
Visual impairment in posterior cortical atrophy and dementia with lewy bodies<...Visual impairment in posterior cortical atrophy and dementia with lewy bodies<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Visual impairment in posterior cortical atrophy and dementia with lewy bodies. AU - Metzler-Baddeley, Claudia. AU - Baddeley, Roland J. AU - Lovell, P George. AU - Jones, Roy W. PY - 2009. Y1 - 2009. U2 - 10.1016/j.jalz.2009.04.862. DO - 10.1016/j.jalz.2009.04.862. M3 - Meeting Abstract. VL - 5. SP - P458. JO - Alzheimers Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimers Association. JF - Alzheimers Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimers Association. IS - 4, Suppl.. ER - ...
Looking into posterior cortical atrophy: Providing insight into Alzheimer disease<...Looking into posterior cortical atrophy: Providing insight into Alzheimer disease<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Looking into posterior cortical atrophy. T2 - Providing insight into Alzheimer disease. AU - Tang-Wai, David F.. AU - Graff-Radford, Neill R.. PY - 2011/5/24. Y1 - 2011/5/24. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79958134802&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=79958134802&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31821ccd4f. DO - 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31821ccd4f. M3 - Editorial. C2 - 21525423. AN - SCOPUS:79958134802. VL - 76. SP - 1778. EP - 1779. JO - Neurology. JF - Neurology. SN - 0028-3878. IS - 21. ER - ...
Visual dysfunction in posterior cortical atrophy. - ORA - Oxford University Research ArchiveVisual dysfunction in posterior cortical atrophy. - ORA - Oxford University Research Archive
Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a syndromic diagnosis. It is characterized by progressive impairment of higher (cortical) visual function with imaging evidence of degeneration affecting the occipital, parietal, and posterior temporal lobes bilaterally. Most cases will prove to have Alzheimer
Posterior Cortical Atrophy: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Diagnosis | FindATopDocPosterior Cortical Atrophy: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Diagnosis | FindATopDoc
Learn more about Posterior Cortical Atrophy causes, sign and symptoms, treatment and diagnosis at FindaTopdoc. Read more information on homeopathic remedies, risks, and prevention.
Understand the symptoms of kidney atrophy can be timely prev kidneyhealthyUnderstand the symptoms of kidney atrophy can be timely prev kidneyhealthy
It is necessary to understand the symptoms of kidney atrophy! There is no denying the fact that this is a problem for all the people. The confirmation of renal atrophy is an inalienable association for the selection of renal atrophy and hea
Suffer from Cerebral Atrophy? Qualifying for disabilitySuffer from Cerebral Atrophy? Qualifying for disability
The SSA does not specifically recognize cerebral atrophy in its listing of impairments. But many of the underlying causes of cerebral atrophy are. 512-454-4000
Evolution of global and local grey matter atrophy on serial MRI scans during the progression from MCI to ADEvolution of global and local grey matter atrophy on serial MRI scans during the progression from MCI to AD
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often represents a prodromal form of dementia, conferring a significantly higher risk of converting to probable Alzheimers disease (AD). The aim of this study is to characterise the differences of grey matter (GM) distribution and dynamics between progressive and stable MCI subjects during a 2 year period preceding the conversion to AD. We included 48 stable MCI and 12 progressive MCI cases based on the availability of 3 serial scans acquired with approximately 1 year scan interval. For the progressive MCI group, the third scan was acquired at the time of the clinical diagnosis of AD, while the first two scans were acquired approximately 2 and 1 years earlier. For the stable MCI group, the three scans were acquired at approximately 1 year intervals during a period free from significant cognitive decline. We used longitudinal voxel-based morphometry (VBM) for mapping the progression of GM loss over time. For the progressive MCI group, the cross-sectional analysis ...
PRA-cord2 - Progressive retinal atrophy - Slovgen.skPRA-cord2 - Progressive retinal atrophy - Slovgen.sk
Description: The mutation causing PRA-cord2 in standard wire-haired dachshunds is sometimes mentioned as crd2-PRA. Cord-PRA is one form of progressive retinal atrophy (PRA). CORD (cone-rod dystrophy) is a degenerative retinal disease occurring in humans and dogs. First, degeneration of the cone and then the rod is recorded. The first clinical symptoms of cord2-PRA in wire-haired dachshunds occur between month 10 and year 3. Complete retinal atrophy occurs approximately in the 6th year (Ropstad et al. 2007a) when CORD2 manifests itself as daily blindness. Clinical visual examination (ERG) at 5 weeks already reveals cone damage in affected individuals.. Inheritance: autosomal recessive. Mutation: deletion of 180 bp in exon 5/intron 5 in NPHP4 gene (location 62,913,591- 62,913,770). Sample: EDTA whole blood (1.0 ml) or 2 buccal brushes. For official purposes, the confirmation of the dogs identity by Veterinarian is recommended.. The analysis is suitable for the following breeds: Standard ...
Differential patterns of spinal cord and brain atrophy in NMO...Differential patterns of spinal cord and brain atrophy in NMO...
Differential patterns of spinal cord and brain atrophy in NMO and MS.: NMO showed predominately spinal cord atrophy with mild brain atrophy, while MS demonstrat
Suggest treatment for cerebral atrophy and black outSuggest treatment for cerebral atrophy and black out
Brief Answer: Cerebral atrophy is normal at that age. Detailed Answer: Hi, Thank you for posting your query. I have noted your father in law s symptoms and findings. Cerebral atrophy could be normal at his age. However, if he has memory impairment, then, we should exclude dementia. Cause of black...
Exploration of the relationships between regional grey matter atrophy and cognition in multiple sclerosis : Sussex Research...Exploration of the relationships between regional grey matter atrophy and cognition in multiple sclerosis : Sussex Research...
Cognitive impairment may result in significant disability in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Previous Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies on cognition in MS were mainly based on measures of gross brain involvement. This study, using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), aims to investigate associations between the regional distribution of grey matter (GM) damage and cognitive performance in patients with MS. Eighteen MS patients underwent an extensive neuropsychological battery and MRI, including T2-weighted scans and T1-weighted volumes. A group of 18 healthy individuals were also investigated by MRI and served as controls for the VBM. A cross-sectional analysis was first performed, to assess the pattern of regional GM atrophy in MS patients. Then, the impact of regional GM damage on patients neuropsychological performance was investigated by multiple regression analyses in the patient group. Correlations between global indexes of brain damage and neuropsychological measures were also ...
Severe brain atrophy in the elderly as a risk factor for lower respira | CIASevere brain atrophy in the elderly as a risk factor for lower respira | CIA
Severe brain atrophy in the elderly as a risk factor for lower respiratory tract infection Rieko Okada,1 Takashi Okada,2 Akira Okada,2 Hideyuki Muramoto,3 Masahisa Katsuno,4 Gen Sobue,4 Nobuyuki Hamajima11Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 2Okada Medical Clinic, 3Muramoto Clinic, 4Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, JapanBackground: The purpose of this study is to determine whether elderly subjects with severe brain atrophy, which is associated with neurodegeneration and difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), are more susceptible to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), including pneumonia.Methods: The severity of brain atrophy was assessed by computed tomography in 51 nursing home residents aged 60-96 years. The incidence of LRTI, defined by body temperature ≥38.0°C, presence of two or more respiratory symptoms, and use of antibiotics, was determined over 4 years. The incidence of LRTI was compared according
Brain Atrophy Recovery Pill: Introduction | Taoism & Taoist StudyBrain Atrophy Recovery Pill: Introduction | Taoism & Taoist Study
Based upon the principles narrated below, the doctors and TCM experts working in Chaoyang TCM Brain Atrophy Treatment Hospital spent more than ten years in experiment and clinical application, and gained their success with the successful research result of Brain Atrophy Recovery Pill. More than 7 years of clinical experiments verified its effective rate as high as 93% in treating brain atrophy and dementia. The following are general principles adopted widely in formula invention process:. ...
Diagnosed with brain atrophy. Inserted feeding tube. How does brain atrophy occur and what is life expectancy? - Doctors...Diagnosed with brain atrophy. Inserted feeding tube. How does brain atrophy occur and what is life expectancy? - Doctor's...
Question - Diagnosed with brain atrophy. Inserted feeding tube. How does brain atrophy occur and what is life expectancy?, Ask a Neurologist
Best Brain Atrophy Doctor in Thane, Brain Atrophy Doctors | CredihealthBest Brain Atrophy Doctor in Thane, Brain Atrophy Doctors | Credihealth
Find the best brain atrophy doctors in Thane. Get guidance from medical experts to select brain atrophy specialist in Thane from trusted hospitals - credihealth.com
Abdominal obesity and brain atrophy in type 2 diabetes mellitus - UQ eSpaceAbdominal obesity and brain atrophy in type 2 diabetes mellitus - UQ eSpace
Aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is associated with gray matter atrophy. Adiposity and physical inactivity are risk factors for T2D and brain atrophy. We studied whether the associations of T2D with total gray matter volume (GMV) and hippocampal volume (HV) are dependent on obesity and physical activity. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we measured waist-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), mean steps/day and brain volumes in a community dwelling cohort of people with and without T2D. Using multivariable linear regression, we examined whether WHR, BMI and physical activity mediated or modified the association between T2D, GMV and HV. Results: There were 258 participants with (mean age 67±7 years) and 302 without (mean age 72±7 years) T2D. Adjusting for age, sex and intracranial volume, T2D was independently associated with lower total GMV (p = 0.001) and HV ( ...
PAPILLON HEALTH: PROGRESSIVE RETINAL ATROPHY (PRA)PAPILLON HEALTH: PROGRESSIVE RETINAL ATROPHY (PRA)
Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a name given to a group of eye diseases of similar character. PRA causes no pain or discomfort but may result in permanent blindness. The word atrophy means wasting away. PRA develops after birth and in some breeds has been determined to be inherited from both parents. It affects the retina, which lines the back portion of the inside of the eye. The retina contains the light-sensitive rods and cones that change light into energy for transmitting messages to the brain. The retina is similar to the film in a camera; the image or picture is received on it. PRA can occur in all breeds of dogs although certain breeds are at higher risk. It appears earlier in some breeds and can take several years to cause complete blindness. An early sign of PRA is inability to see in dim light or at night. For example, an animal with PRA may hesitate to go from a well-lighted room into a darkened room. Due to PRAs slow progress, most pets adapt very well to the gradual loss of ...
ICD-10 Diagnosis Code K08.26 Severe atrophy of the maxillaICD-10 Diagnosis Code K08.26 Severe atrophy of the maxilla
Diagnosis Code K08.26 information, including descriptions, synonyms, code edits, diagnostic related groups, ICD-9 conversion and references to the diseases index.
Topical DHEA Against Vaginal Atrophy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govTopical DHEA Against Vaginal Atrophy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
To evaluate the aspect of the vaginal mucosa and the local tolerance to DHEA suppository, the vaginal epithelial surface thickness(one of the four main signs of vaginal atrophy) evaluated by the physician/gynecologist as corresponding to none, mild, moderate, or severe atrophy was analyzed using the score values of 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Data obtained at Baseline and Week 12 as well as the change from Baseline to Week 12 are presented ...
Healed yellow atrophy | Article about healed yellow atrophy by The Free DictionaryHealed yellow atrophy | Article about healed yellow atrophy by The Free Dictionary
Looking for healed yellow atrophy? Find out information about healed yellow atrophy. diminution in the size of a cell, tissue, or organ from its fully developed normal size. Temporary atrophy may occur in muscles that are not used, as when a... Explanation of healed yellow atrophy
Serum protein changes in the mice with splenic atrophy, splenomegaly, by H C. Dung and J Yu"Serum protein changes in the mice with splenic atrophy, splenomegaly, " by H C. Dung and J Yu
Dung, H C. and Yu, J, "Serum protein changes in the mice with splenic atrophy, splenomegaly, or splenectomy. Abstr." (1978). Subject Strain Bibliography 1978. 2027 ...
Testicular atrophy from steroids | Testicular Atrophy|Treatment|Causes|Symptoms|Prevention.Testicular atrophy from steroids | Testicular Atrophy|Treatment|Causes|Symptoms|Prevention.
The treatment for Testicular Atrophy is based on the underlying cause for the disease and then treating the cause. While taking the history of the individual, the physician will have knowledge of whether the individual has a prior history of medical
Multiple Sclerosis Research: #ClinicSpeak: chemobrain in MSMultiple Sclerosis Research: #ClinicSpeak: chemobrain in MS
The following study below in which I was involved with shows that when pwMS are given chemotherapy they undergo increased neuronal loss, which is associated with worsening of their EDSS and greater brain atrophy. The data speaks for itself. The picture below is what we call a survival curve of EDSS worsening; you can see that the pwMS who had high blood levels of neurofilaments were much more likely to worsen than those who did not have raised neurofilament levels. Similarly, brain atrophy rates in pwMS were in the order of 2.1% per year in those who had a HSCT compared to only 1.2% per year in pwSPMS who did not have HSCT; the upper limit of normal for brain atrophy in healthy adults is generally accepted to be 0.4% per year. The bottom line is that if you have SPMS HSCT is likely to accelerate your disease worsening. As a result of these and similar observations most units have stopped doing HSCT in people with more advanced MS. However, with the advent of highly-effective DMTs such as ...
Multiple Sclerosis Research: #ClinicSpeak: chemobrain in MSMultiple Sclerosis Research: #ClinicSpeak: chemobrain in MS
The following study below in which I was involved with shows that when pwMS are given chemotherapy they undergo increased neuronal loss, which is associated with worsening of their EDSS and greater brain atrophy. The data speaks for itself. The picture below is what we call a survival curve of EDSS worsening; you can see that the pwMS who had high blood levels of neurofilaments were much more likely to worsen than those who did not have raised neurofilament levels. Similarly, brain atrophy rates in pwMS were in the order of 2.1% per year in those who had a HSCT compared to only 1.2% per year in pwSPMS who did not have HSCT; the upper limit of normal for brain atrophy in healthy adults is generally accepted to be 0.4% per year. The bottom line is that if you have SPMS HSCT is likely to accelerate your disease worsening. As a result of these and similar observations most units have stopped doing HSCT in people with more advanced MS. However, with the advent of highly-effective DMTs such as ...
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) in Cats | Pets4HomesProgressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) in Cats | Pets4Homes
There has been a resurgence of the degenerative eye disease, Progressive Retinal Atrophy in recent years, having been fairly dormant for the past twenty y...
PRA pd - Progressive Retinal Atrophy Persian - Genimal BiotechnologiesPRA pd - Progressive Retinal Atrophy Persian - Genimal Biotechnologies
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Pathological study of spinal cord atrophy in multiple sclerosis suggests limited role of local lesions. - Oxford NeurosciencePathological study of spinal cord atrophy in multiple sclerosis suggests limited role of local lesions. - Oxford Neuroscience
Imaging studies in multiple sclerosis have shown that spinal cord atrophy correlates with clinical disability. The pathological substrate of atrophy has not as yet been investigated adequately. In order to determine the cause of spinal cord atrophy in multiple sclerosis, five different sections of the spinal cord were examined histopathologically in 33 controls and 55 multiple sclerosis cases. In the multiple sclerosis cases in each section the total lesion load and the cross-sectional area of the cord were measured. Multiple regression models were estimated, controlling for sex, age, duration of the disease and location of the cord sections. The multiple sclerosis cords were found to be significantly smaller than the controls. The duration of the disease played the most important role in determining cord atrophy. The degree of atrophy varied in different parts of the cord. Individual lesions played a minor role in local atrophy. Our findings suggest that axonal degeneration, possibly caused by the
Regional brain atrophy in HIV‐1 infection: association with specific neuropsychological test performance<...Regional brain atrophy in HIV‐1 infection: association with specific neuropsychological test performance<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Regional brain atrophy in HIV‐1 infection. T2 - association with specific neuropsychological test performance. AU - Hestad, K.. AU - McArthur, J. H.. AU - Pan, G. J.Dal. AU - Selnes, O. A.. AU - Nance‐Sproson, T. E.. AU - Aylward, E.. AU - Mathews, V. P.. AU - McArthur, J. C.. PY - 1993/8. Y1 - 1993/8. N2 - Quantified magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was related to neuropsychological (NP) test scores in an asymptomatic HIV‐1 seropositive group, a non‐demented AIDS/ARC group, a group of subjects with HIV‐1 dementia, and a seronegative control group. The MRIs were quantified using three planimetric measures of brain structure: the bicaudate ratio (a measure of caudate region atrophy), the bifrontal ratio (a measure of frontal region atrophy), and the ventricle to brain ratio (a measure of overall cerebral atrophy). Cognitive performance was assessed with standard NP tests. Significant correlations between the MRI ratios and many of the NP tests were observed. Of the tests ...
Cerebellar atrophy | definition of cerebellar atrophy by Medical dictionaryCerebellar atrophy | definition of cerebellar atrophy by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of cerebellar atrophy in the Medical Dictionary? cerebellar atrophy explanation free. What is cerebellar atrophy? Meaning of cerebellar atrophy medical term. What does cerebellar atrophy mean?
Factors associated with progression of brain atrophy during ageing: 6 year follow-up from the Austrian stroke prevention study ...Factors associated with progression of brain atrophy during ageing: 6 year follow-up from the Austrian stroke prevention study ...
Neuroimaging techniques are increasingly used to study mechanisms leading to cognitive impairment. In particular, brain atrophy has been proposed as a surrogate marker of dementia. However, little is known regarding confounding factors which might modulate the evolution of brain atrophy during ageing. We therefore determined the rate of atrophy over 6 years for 201 participants (F/M=96/105; 59.8±5.9 yrs) in the Austrian Stroke Prevention Study and probed the impact of baseline variables on its progression. The mean annual brain volume change was -0.40±0.29%. The rate of brain atrophy was significantly higher in subjects of greater age and those with higher HbA 1c , higher body-mass-index, high alcohol intake, severe white matter hyperintensities, and in APOEε4-carriers. Multivariate analysis suggested that baseline brain volume, HbA 1c and the extent of white matter hyperintensities explain a major proportion of variance in the rates of brain atrophy. These results indicate that neurologically
Factors associated with progression of brain atrophy during ageing: 6 year follow-up from the Austrian stroke prevention study ...Factors associated with progression of brain atrophy during ageing: 6 year follow-up from the Austrian stroke prevention study ...
Neuroimaging techniques are increasingly used to study mechanisms leading to cognitive impairment. In particular, brain atrophy has been proposed as a surrogate marker of dementia. However, little is known regarding confounding factors which might modulate the evolution of brain atrophy during ageing. We therefore determined the rate of atrophy over 6 years for 201 participants (F/M=96/105; 59.8±5.9 yrs) in the Austrian Stroke Prevention Study and probed the impact of baseline variables on its progression. The mean annual brain volume change was -0.40±0.29%. The rate of brain atrophy was significantly higher in subjects of greater age and those with higher HbA1c, higher body-mass-index, high alcohol intake, severe white matter hyperintensities, and in APOEε4-carriers. Multivariate analysis suggested that baseline brain volume, HbA1cand the extent of white matter hyperintensities explain a major proportion of variance in the rates of brain atrophy. These results indicate that neurologically
Dog Central Progressive Retinal Atrophy (CPRA) Jackson MS - Dog Central Progressive Retinal Atrophy (CPRA), Jackson MS dog...Dog Central Progressive Retinal Atrophy (CPRA) Jackson MS - Dog Central Progressive Retinal Atrophy (CPRA), Jackson MS dog...
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Dog Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) Columbia SC - Dog Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA), Columbia SC dog adoption, Columbia...Dog Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) Columbia SC - Dog Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA), Columbia SC dog adoption, Columbia...
Looking for information on Dog Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) in Columbia? We have compiled a list of businesses and services around Columbia that should help you with your search. We hope this page helps you find information on Dog Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) in Columbia.
A meta-analysis on progressive atrophy in intractable temporal lobe epilepsy | NeurologyA meta-analysis on progressive atrophy in intractable temporal lobe epilepsy | Neurology
Results: We screened 2,976 records and assessed eligibility of 248 full-text articles. Forty-two articles met the inclusion criteria for quantitative evaluation. We observed a predominance of cross-sectional studies, use of different clinical indices of progression, and high heterogeneity in age-control procedures. Meta-analysis of 18/1 cross-sectional/longitudinal studies on hippocampal atrophy (n = 979 patients) yielded a pooled effect size of r = −0.42 for ipsilateral atrophy related to epilepsy duration (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.51 to −0.32; p , 0.0001; I2 = 65.22%) and r = −0.35 related to seizure frequency (95% CI −0.47 to −0.22; p , 0.0001; I2 = 61.97%). Sensitivity analyses did not change the results. Narrative synthesis of 25/3 cross-sectional/longitudinal studies on whole brain atrophy (n = 1,504 patients) indicated that ,80% of articles reported duration-related progression in extratemporal cortical and subcortical regions. Detailed analysis of study design features ...
Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is certainly a neurodegenerative symptoms seen as - Small Molecule Inhibitors of Protein...Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is certainly a neurodegenerative symptoms seen as - Small Molecule Inhibitors of Protein...
Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is certainly a neurodegenerative symptoms seen as a impaired higher visible processing skills; nevertheless motor unit features even more connected with corticobasal syndrome could also occur frequently. rigidity. Limb apraxia was more asymmetrical and regular in PCA-motor seeing that was myoclonus. Tremor and alien limb phenomena just occurred within this subgroup. The subgroups didnt differ in neuropsychological check efficiency or apolipoprotein E4 allele regularity. Greater asymmetry of atrophy occurred in PCA-motor involving best frontoparietal and peri-rolandic cortices putamen and thalamus Otamixaban particularly. The 9 sufferers (including 4 PCA-motor) with pathology or cerebrospinal liquid all showed proof Alzheimers disease. Our data claim that PCA sufferers with electric motor features possess better atrophy of contralateral sensorimotor areas but remain likely to possess root Alzheimers disease. < 0.05. Maps displaying statistically significant ...
Spinal Cord Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis<...Spinal Cord Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Spinal Cord Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis. T2 - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. AU - Casserly, Courtney. AU - Seyman, Estelle E.. AU - Alcaide-Leon, Paula. AU - Guenette, Melanie. AU - Lyons, Carrie. AU - Sankar, Stephanie. AU - Svendrovski, Anton. AU - Baral, Stefan. AU - Oh, Jiwon. PY - 2018/11/1. Y1 - 2018/11/1. N2 - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Spinal cord atrophy (SCA) is an important emerging outcome measure in multiple sclerosis (MS); however, there is limited consensus on the magnitude and rate of atrophy. The objective of this study was to synthesize the available data on measures of SCA in MS. METHODS: Using published guidelines, relevant literature databases were searched between 1977 and 2017 for case-control or cohort studies reporting a quantitative measure of SCA in MS patients. Random-effects models pooled cross-sectional measures and longitudinal rates of SCA in MS and healthy controls (HCs). Students t-test assessed differences between pooled measures in ...
Relationships between hippocampal atrophy, white matter disruption, and gray matter hypometabolism in Alzheimers disease. -...Relationships between hippocampal atrophy, white matter disruption, and gray matter hypometabolism in Alzheimer's disease. -...
In early Alzheimers disease (AD), the hippocampal region is the area most severely affected by cellular and structural alterations, yet glucose hypometabolism predominates in the posterior association cortex and posterior cingulate gyrus. One prevalent hypothesis to account for this discrepancy is that posterior cingulate hypometabolism results from disconnection from the hippocampus through disruption of the cingulum bundle. However, only partial and indirect evidence currently supports this hypothesis. Thus, using structural magnetic resonance imaging and 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography in 18 patients with early AD, we assessed the relationships between hippocampal atrophy, white matter integrity, and gray matter metabolism by means of a whole-brain voxel-based correlative approach. We found that hippocampal atrophy is specifically related to cingulum bundle disruption, which is in turn highly correlated to hypometabolism of the posterior cingulate cortex but also of
Subcortical and Cortical Gray Matter Atrophy in a Large Sample of Patients with Clinically Isolated Syndrome and Early...Subcortical and Cortical Gray Matter Atrophy in a Large Sample of Patients with Clinically Isolated Syndrome and Early...
Subcortical and Cortical Gray Matter Atrophy in a Large Sample of Patients with Clinically Isolated Syndrome and Early Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ...
Short-term MRI measurements as predictors of EDSS progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: grey matter atrophy...Short-term MRI measurements as predictors of EDSS progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: grey matter atrophy...
Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best biomarker of inflammatory disease activity in relapsing remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) so far but the association with disability is weak. Appearance of new MRI-lesions is used to evaluate response to immunotherapies in individual patients as well as being the most common primary outcome in phase-2 trials. Measurements of brain atrophy show promising outcomes in natural cohort studies and some phase-2 trials. From a theoretical perspective they might represent irreversible neurodegeneration and be more closely associated with disability. However, these atrophy measurements are not yet established as prognostic factors in real-life clinical routine. High field MRI has improved image quality and resolution and new methods to measure atrophy dynamics have become available. Objective To investigate the predictive value of MRI classification criteria in to high/low atrophy and inflammation groups, and to explore predictive capacity of two
Frontiers | Visual Dysfunction in Posterior Cortical Atrophy | NeurologyFrontiers | Visual Dysfunction in Posterior Cortical Atrophy | Neurology
Posterior cortical atrophy is a syndromic diagnosis. It is characterised by progressive impairment of higher (cortical) visual function with imaging evidence of degeneration affecting the occipital, parietal and posterior temporal lobes bilaterally. Most caseswill prove to have Alzheimer pathology. The aim of this review is to summarise the development of the concept of this disorder since it was first introduced. A critical discussion of the evolving diagnostic criteria is presented and the differential diagnosis with regard to the underlying pathology is reviewed. Emphasis is given to the visual dysfunction that defines the disorder, and the classical deficits, such as simultanagnosia and visual agnosia, as well as the more recently recognised visual field defects, are reviewed, along with the evidence on their neural correlates. The latest developments on the imaging of PCA are summarised, with special attention to its role on the differential diagnosis with related conditions.
B Vitamins Slows the Rate of Brain Atrophy in Mild Cognitive Impairment - Chiropractic Resource Organization - largest...B Vitamins Slows the Rate of Brain Atrophy in Mild Cognitive Impairment - Chiropractic Resource Organization - largest...
BACKGROUND: An increased rate of brain atrophy is often observed in older subjects, in particular those who suffer from cognitive decline. Homocysteine is a risk factor for brain atrophy, cognitive impairment and dementia. Plasma concentrations of homocysteine can be lowered by dietary administration of B vitamins.. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether supplementation with B vitamins that lower levels of plasma total homocysteine can slow the rate of brain atrophy in subjects with mild cognitive impairment in a randomised controlled trial (VITACOG, ISRCTN 94410159).. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Single-center, randomized, double-blind controlled trial of high-dose folic acid, vitamins B(6) and B(12) in 271 individuals (of 646 screened) over 70 y-old with mild cognitive impairment. A subset (187) volunteered to have cranial MRI scans at the start and finish of the study. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups of equal size, one treated with folic acid (0.8 mg/d), vitamin B(12) (0.5 mg/d) and ...
The Evolution of Alexia in Two Cases of Posterior Cortical Atrophy - pdf descargarThe Evolution of Alexia in Two Cases of Posterior Cortical Atrophy - pdf descargar
The Evolution of Alexia in Two Cases of Posterior Cortical Atrophy. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
A Longitudinal Study of Disability, Cognition and Gray Matter Atrophy in Early Multiple Sclerosis Patients According to...A Longitudinal Study of Disability, Cognition and Gray Matter Atrophy in Early Multiple Sclerosis Patients According to...
PubMedID: 26280173 | A Longitudinal Study of Disability, Cognition and Gray Matter Atrophy in Early Multiple Sclerosis Patients According to Evidence of Disease Activity. | PloS one | 8/17/2015
Cardiogenic Syncope & Focal Atrophy of Choroid & Prolonged PR Interval: Causes & Reasons - SymptomaCardiogenic Syncope & Focal Atrophy of Choroid & Prolonged PR Interval: Causes & Reasons - Symptoma
Cardiogenic Syncope & Focal Atrophy of Choroid & Prolonged PR Interval Symptom Checker: Possible causes include Sick Sinus Syndrome. Check the full list of possible causes and conditions now! Talk to our Chatbot to narrow down your search.
Muscle Atrophy Archives - FlexToneMuscle Atrophy Archives - FlexTone
Muscle Atrophy can be measured through the use of CT Scans, pain or loss of weight.. TENS & EMS to treat Muscle Atrophy?. Through the use of Electrical Muscle stimulation, doctors are able to reverse and prevent muscle atrophy by stimulating the muscles without the need for adverse stress and discomfort. For years experts have looked for effective ways to cure and prevent muscle atrophy. Whether through the use of chemical enhancers, such as anabolic steroids or through physical therapy, doctors and scientists have repeatedly turned to the stimulation effects of EMS therapy from TENS units in order to prevent and treat atrophy.. The widespread acceptance of EMS as an Atrophy fighting tool is highly supported by emerging research. For example, a study conducted in 2011 concluded that. "EMS is effective in maintaining and increasing muscle thickness, and strength post-surgery in order to prevent muscle atrophy.". Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies. More often than not, muscle ...
Frailty Characteristics in Chronic HIV Patients are Markers of White Matter Atrophy Independently of Age and Depressive...Frailty Characteristics in Chronic HIV Patients are Markers of White Matter Atrophy Independently of Age and Depressive...
Frailty Characteristics in Chronic HIV Patients are Markers of White Matter Atrophy Independently of Age and Depressive Symptoms: A Pilot Study
Automated mapping of hippocampal atrophy in 1-year repeat MRI data from 490 subjects with Alzheimers disease, mild cognitive...Automated mapping of hippocampal atrophy in 1-year repeat MRI data from 490 subjects with Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Automated mapping of hippocampal atrophy in 1-year repeat MRI data from 490 subjects with Alzheimers disease, mild cognitive impairment, and elderly controls. AU - The Alzheimers Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. AU - Morra, Jonathan H.. AU - Tu, Zhuowen. AU - Apostolova, Liana G.. AU - Green, Amity E.. AU - Avedissian, Christina. AU - Madsen, Sarah K.. AU - Parikshak, Neelroop. AU - Toga, Arthur W.. AU - Jack, Clifford R.. AU - Schuff, Norbert. AU - Weiner, Michael W.. AU - Thompson, Paul M.. PY - 2009/3. Y1 - 2009/3. N2 - As one of the earliest structures to degenerate in Alzheimers disease (AD), the hippocampus is the target of many studies of factors that influence rates of brain degeneration in the elderly. In one of the largest brain mapping studies to date, we mapped the 3D profile of hippocampal degeneration over time in 490 subjects scanned twice with brain MRI over a 1-year interval (980 scans). We examined baseline and 1-year follow-up scans of 97 AD subjects (49 ...
Protective variant for hippocampal atrophy identified by whole exome sequencing. - Oxford NeuroscienceProtective variant for hippocampal atrophy identified by whole exome sequencing. - Oxford Neuroscience
We used whole-exome sequencing to identify variants other than APOE associated with the rate of hippocampal atrophy in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. An in-silico predicted missense variant in REST (rs3796529) was found exclusively in subjects with slow hippocampal volume loss and validated using unbiased whole-brain analysis and meta-analysis across 5 independent cohorts. REST is a master regulator of neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation that has not been previously implicated in Alzheimers disease. These findings nominate REST and its functional pathways as protective and illustrate the potential of combining next-generation sequencing with neuroimaging to discover novel disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
NeuroQuant revealed hippocampal atrophy | neurogageNeuroQuant revealed hippocampal atrophy | neurogage
This report describes the case of a 57-year old man who was in an accident in which his vehicle was rear-ended by a tractor-trailer, leading to traumatic brain injury (TBI) and other injuries. Nine months after the accident, an MRI of the brain was interpreted by the radiologist as showing two specific T2 hyperintensities in the left frontal lobe. NeuroQuant® volumetric analysis of the same MRI data showed markedly reduced hippocampal volume compared with an age-matched normal control group, which is consistent with atrophy due to TBI. The hippocampal damage in this patient probably caused his posttraumatic amnesia and short-term memory impairment, which was consistent with the neuropsychological test results for this patient. ​. Ross DE, Ochs AL, Seabaugh J, Henshaw T (2012): NeuroQuant® revealed hippocampal atrophy in a patient with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 24: E33. To view an abstract of this paper, click here. ...
The tomography dementia rating scale (TDR)-The rating scale of Alzheimers disease stagesThe tomography dementia rating scale (TDR)-The rating scale of Alzheimer's disease stages
ABSTRACT. The purpose of this research is to develop a morphologically determined scale-the Tomography Dementia Rating scale (TDR) to diagnose AD stages, based on the measurement of the severity of voluminal atrophic changes of the temporal lobes of the brain detected among patients during CT and MRI at various stages of the disease. The research included 140 patients aged 28 - 79. Test Group comprised 81 patients aged 34 - 79 suffering from various AD stages. Control Group consisted of 59 patients aged 28 - 78 who had various types of brain lesions with manifestations of dementia and cognitive impairment but who did not suffer from AD. CT and MRI data obtained has made it possible to create a scale that allows determining the severity of atrophic changes in the temporal lobes at each stage of AD development: 1) Pre-clinical AD stage-TDR-0: temporal lobes atrophy with a 4% - 8% decrease in tissue mass (corresponds to 26 - 28 MMSE points); 2) Early AD Stage-mild dementia-TDR-1: temporal lobes ...
Absent gender differences of hippocampal atrophy in amnestic type mild cognitive impairment : Sussex Research OnlineAbsent gender differences of hippocampal atrophy in amnestic type mild cognitive impairment : Sussex Research Online
Hippocampus displayed progressively gender-associated damage in Alzheimers disease. However, gender effects have been largely neglected in studies of amnestic type mild cognitive impairment (aMCI)patients who were believed to represent an early stage of this disease. The goal of this study was to use in vivo neuroimaging techniques to determine whether there were any evidences of gender differences in hippocampal atrophy in aMCI. A region of interest-based magnetic resonance imaging approach ...
Breast atrophy - WikipediaBreast atrophy - Wikipedia
Breast atrophy is the normal or spontaneous atrophy or shrinkage of the breasts.[1] Breast atrophy commonly occurs in women during menopause when estrogen levels decrease.[2][3][4] It can also be caused by hypoestrogenism and/or hyperandrogenism in women in general,[1] such as in antiestrogen treatment for breast cancer, in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS),[5][6] and in malnutrition such as that associated with eating disorders like anorexia nervosa or with chronic disease.[1][7][8] It can also be an effect of weight loss.[8][9] In the treatment of gynecomastia in males and macromastia in women, and in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for trans men,[10] breast atrophy may be a desired effect. Examples of treatment options for breast atrophy, depending on the situation/when appropriate, can include estrogens, antiandrogens, and proper nutrition or weight gain.[citation needed] ...
LABOKLIN (UK)| Genetic Diseases | Dogs| Progressive Retinal Atrophy (generalized PRA)LABOKLIN (UK)| Genetic Diseases | Dogs| Progressive Retinal Atrophy (generalized PRA)
Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a leading hereditary cause of blindness in pedigree dogs as is its counterpart retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in humans. PRA shows genetic heterogeneity, as does RP, with several distinct forms already recognized and several more remaining to be investigated. The retina is a thin layer of neural cells that lines the back of the eyeball. The vertebrate retina contains photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that respond to light. The cones mediate high-resolution vision and colour vision. The rods mediate lower-resolution, black-and-white, night vision. The degeneration of the retina results in loss of vision, often leading to blindness. One can distinguish between late onset forms of PRA and early onset (whelp-age) dysplastic changes. The clinical and ophthalmologic signs of both forms are similar. Affected dogs suffer from bilateral Mydriasis, the reflection of the Tapetum lucidum is increased and the retinal vascular network appears atrophic. Currently, there is no
Cascade Northwest Bullmastiff Club - Progressive Retinal AtrophyCascade Northwest Bullmastiff Club - Progressive Retinal Atrophy
An Overview Progressive Retinal Atrophy, or PRA, is a condition of the retina in the eye. PRA encompasses many diseases which all progress over time and eventually lead to blindness. The retina works in the eye much as the film in a camera works. It changes the light it receives into images which are then sent down the optic nerve to be interpreted by the brain. When a dog has PRA the retina either stops developing prematurely or the light receptors degenerate early in life. With this condition both eyes are equally affected. The different forms of PRA vary in the age at which they first develop and in the rate at which they progress. Cases can be early onset with rapid progression to late onset with slow progression or any combination of the sorts. Every case is different and definite age of onset or how quickly progression will occur can never be known for sure. Since PRA has been identified, numerous dog breeds have been found to have the disease. Some breeds that PRA is commonly found in are ...
Evidence-Based Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of Age-Related Cognitive Decline - Part One - Naturopathic Doctor News...Evidence-Based Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of Age-Related Cognitive Decline - Part One - Naturopathic Doctor News...
References. 1. Seshadri S, Wolf PA, Beiser AS, et al. Association of plasma total homocysteine levels with subclinical brain injury: cerebral volumes, white matter hyperintensity, and silent brain infarcts at volumetric magnetic resonance imaging in the Framingham Offspring Study. Arch Neurol. 2008;65(5):642-649.. 2. Oulhaj A, Refsum H, Beaumont H, et al. Homocysteine as a predictor of cognitive decline in Alzheimers disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2010;25(1):82-90.. 3. Ellinson M, Thomas J, Patterson A. A critical evaluation of the relationship between serum vitamin B, folate and total homocysteine with cognitive impairment in the elderly. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2004;17(4):371-383.. 4. Blasko I, Jellinger K, Kemmler G. Conversion from cognitive health to mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimers disease: prediction by plasma amyloid beta 42, medial temporal lobe atrophy and homocysteine. Neurobiol Aging. 2008;29(1):1-11.. 5. Nilsson K, Gustafson L, Hultberg B. Plasma homocysteine and cognition in ...
Progressive Retinal Atrophy: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment and Prevention - Dogs and Dog AdviceProgressive Retinal Atrophy: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment and Prevention - Dogs and Dog Advice
A veterinarian or veterinary ophthalmologist can often diagnose an advanced case of PRA in dogs with a thorough eye exam. Earlier in the course of the disease, however, a test known as an electroretinogram (ERG) is necessary. If your veterinarian is concerned that other systemic or ocular dog diseases could be to blame for your dogs poor vision, additional tests may be necessary.. Unfortunately, there is no treatment for PRA in dogs, and most with the disease eventually become blind. An owner can do a lot to help a dog with progressive retinal atrophy, however. Try to keep the dogs surroundings as consistent as possible. Food and water should always be offered in the same location. If you do need to move furniture or make any other similar changes, do so as gradually as possible. Close doors or place baby gates across the openings to stairwells, decks, or balconies to prevent falls. Blind dogs can still go outside in a fenced back yard, but make sure that they cannot access any bodies of ...
DNA test - PRA3 (Progressive retinal atrophy) | Kennel ClubDNA test - PRA3 (Progressive retinal atrophy) | Kennel Club
Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA3) is an inherited condition that several breeds of dog are predisposed to, which ultimately causes total blindness.
Preview: Allison Sommers, Jeremy Hush and Susannah Kellys Irresistible Atrophy at Antler Gallery | Hi-Fructose MagazinePreview: Allison Sommers, Jeremy Hush and Susannah Kelly's "Irresistible Atrophy" at Antler Gallery | Hi-Fructose Magazine
Allison Sommers, Jeremy Hush and Susannah Kelly share an interest in creating poetic imagery out of macabre subject matter. The three artists are presenting new bodies of work for their collaborative show, "Irresistible Atrophies," opening at Portlands Antler Gallery on October 30. Hushs mixed-media paintings are rife with folkloric themes. Obscure objects and sage animals are presented in ways that allude to pagan rituals. His use of muted earth tones complements Sommerss largely monochromatic, deep red color palette. Sommers artist creates depictions of unraveling, decomposing flesh, rendering biomorphic, otherworldly bodies that seem humanoid rather than human. Kellys somber, graphite portraits delve into despair. Her characters are often pictured with props symbolic of their emotional turbulence.. "Irresistible Atrophy" will be on view at Antler Gallery October 30 through November 25.. Jeremy Hush:. ...
MODEM Dementia Evidence DatabaseMODEM Dementia Evidence Database
Background and Purpose: White matter lesions (WMLs) and cerebral infarcts are common findings in Alzheimer disease and may contribute to dementia severity. WMLs and lacunar infarcts may provide a potential target for intervention strategies. This study assessed whether multicomponent vascular care in patients with Alzheimer disease with cerebrovascular lesions slows progression of WMLs and prevents occurrence of new infarcts.; Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial, including 123 subjects, compared vascular care with standard care in patients with Alzheimer disease with cerebrovascular lesions on MRI. Progression of WMLs, lacunes, medial temporal lobe atrophy, and global cortical atrophy were semiquantitatively scored after 2-year follow-up.; Results: Sixty-five subjects (36 vascular care, 29 standard care) had a baseline and a follow-up MRI and in 58 subjects, a follow-up scan could not be obtained due to advanced dementia or death. Subjects in the vascular care group had less ...
Study: Novel brain map tracks early brain atrophy from HIV infection - (Details) | Tunis Daily NewsStudy: Novel brain map tracks early brain atrophy from HIV infection - (Details) | Tunis Daily News
The method researchers used to assess brain atrophy across 25 published studies, called colocalization-likelihood estimation (CLE), was developed by Peter E. Turkeltaub, MD, PhD, an associate professor of neurology at Georgetown and a co-author of the study.. The researchers found that the frontal region (including anterior cingulate cortex, or ACC) is the most frequently affected brain region in HIV+ adults, whereas the neural injury to the caudate/striatum was consistently linked to neurocognitive impairment.. These results suggest a two-stage model of HAND in the context of brain atrophy, with a frontal/ACC stage that links to HIV disease and likely other comorbidities, such as substance abuse, and a caudate/striatum stage that links to neurocognitive impairment. "These two areas likely play different roles in HAND," Jiang says.. "It is our theory, and others, that the frontal/ACC area damage is due to a number of factors, but which importantly includes damage to the dopaminergic region," he ...
From Ectrims on slowing brain atrophyFrom Ectrims on slowing brain atrophy
Default STUDY: Brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis could be ameliorated by aerobic exercise Get out there and crank it as best you can, folks. Your brain and health depend on it. - D Brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis could be ameliorated by aerobic exercise ECTRIMS Online Library. Savsek L. Oct 25, 2017; 199869Abstract: EP1849 Type: ePoster Abstract Category: Therapy - symptomatic - 35 Enhancing CNS plasticity Objective: Although most disease modifying drugs exert high
Amyloid Deposition Begins in the Striatum of Presenilin-1 Mutation Carriers from Two Unrelated Pedigrees | Journal of...Amyloid Deposition Begins in the Striatum of Presenilin-1 Mutation Carriers from Two Unrelated Pedigrees | Journal of...
This report represents the initial findings from what is designed to be a longitudinal study to delineate the natural history of amyloid deposition in eoFAD. To our knowledge, this is the first report of amyloid imaging in asymptomatic carriers of PS1 mutations, some of whom are more than 10 years younger than the age at which onset of cognitive symptoms would be expected (e.g., 48 years for the PS1C410Y mutation carriers). The findings suggest that amyloid deposition in these two families begins in the striatum well before the onset of cognitive symptoms.. Previous studies using structural MRI and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET determination of cerebral metabolic rate for glucose have shown changes in presymptomatic and symptomatic eoFAD subjects. Fox and colleagues (Schott et al., 2003; Ridha et al., 2006) reported that changes in hippocampal atrophy rate were evident 5.5 years before a diagnosis of AD. Two early reports showed decreased cerebral metabolism by FDG-PET in symptomatic eoFAD ...
Hippocampal atrophy: Another common pathogenic mechanism of depressive disorders and epilepsy?<...Hippocampal atrophy: Another common pathogenic mechanism of depressive disorders and epilepsy?<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Hippocampal atrophy. T2 - Another common pathogenic mechanism of depressive disorders and epilepsy?. AU - Kanner, Andres M.. PY - 2011/9/1. Y1 - 2011/9/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84864313672&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84864313672&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.5698/1535-7511-11.5.149. DO - 10.5698/1535-7511-11.5.149. M3 - Comment/debate. C2 - 22020737. AN - SCOPUS:84864313672. VL - 11. SP - 149. EP - 150. JO - Epilepsy Currents. JF - Epilepsy Currents. SN - 1535-7597. IS - 5. ER - ...
Inserm - Transcriptional activator TAp63 is upregulated in muscular atrophy during ALS and induces the pro-atrophic ubiquitin...Inserm - Transcriptional activator TAp63 is upregulated in muscular atrophy during ALS and induces the pro-atrophic ubiquitin...
Mechanisms of muscle atrophy are complex and their understanding might help finding therapeutic solutions for pathologies such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We meta-analyzed transcriptomic experiments of muscles of ALS patients and mouse models, uncovering a p53 deregulation as common denominator. We then characterized the induction of several p53 family members (p53, p63, p73) and a correlation between the levels of p53 family target genes and the severity of muscle atrophy in ALS patients and mice. In particular, we observed increased p63 protein levels in the fibers of atrophic muscles via denervation-dependent and -independent mechanisms. At a functional level, we demonstrated that TAp63 and p53 transactivate the promoter and increased the expression of Trim63 (MuRF1), an effector of muscle atrophy. Altogether, these results suggest a novel function for p63 as a contributor to muscular atrophic processes via the regulation of multiple genes, including the muscle atrophy gene Trim63.
Muscular atrophyMuscular atrophy
How to treat muscular atrophy with natural medicine MUSCLE ATROPHY NATURAL TREATMENT Characteristics of muscle atrophy Muscle atrophy are degenerations produced in the muscle as a result of a lack of activity. These lesions involve the lack of muscle power that eventually shrinks and loses its fo
Record of Herbal Treatment Of Saleh Abd from Saudi Arabia Improvement Of ALSRecord of Herbal Treatment Of Saleh Abd from Saudi Arabia Improvement Of ALS
Brief Summary: On June. 01, 2014, Saleh Abd, came from Saudi Arabia, who suffered from ALS. He had muscles atrophy over his upper limbs and muscles jumpings for one and a half years. He was hospitalized in our hospital. He got great improvement after 25 days TCM treatment. He could walk 200 meters after the treatment, while he could only walk 70 meters with a stick when arrived here.. Record of Hospitalization. Name: Saleh Abd Sex: Male. Age: 48 Marital Status: Married. Nationality: Saudi Arabia Date of Admission: Jun. 01, 2014. Companion: his brother First Medical Record. Date: June 01, 2014 Time: 10:00 a.m.. Saleh Abd, male, 48 years old, had suffered from muscle atrophy over his upper limbs and muscles jumpings for one and a half years. The patient was hospitalized in our hospital with ALS for TCM treatment at 21:30 p.m. on May 31, 2014. Essential for Diagnosis:. 1. The patient had suffered from muscle atrophy over his upper limbs and muscle jumpings for one and a half years. There were no ...
What is mild diffuse cerebral atrophy? | Reference.comWhat is "mild diffuse cerebral atrophy"? | Reference.com
Mild diffuse cerebral atrophy is a symptomatic brain condition generally involving the loss, or deterioration of, neurons and the connections between them, usually indicating the presence of other...
Cleft palate and Cerebral atrophy, related diseases and genetic alterations | MENDELIAN.COCleft palate and Cerebral atrophy, related diseases and genetic alterations | MENDELIAN.CO
CLEFT PALATE and CEREBRAL ATROPHY related symptoms, diseases, and genetic alterations. Get the complete information with our medical search engine for
Facial atrophy legal definition of facial atrophyFacial atrophy legal definition of facial atrophy
Definition of facial atrophy in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is facial atrophy? Meaning of facial atrophy as a legal term. What does facial atrophy mean in law?
Muscle Atrophy - Notes ReadMuscle Atrophy - Notes Read
Medical consultation is always required if muscle atrophy occurs . All the more so if you suffered from some of the diseases associated with the disorder.. By muscle atrophy is meant the decrease in muscle mass, in terms of both volume and functionality, due to a reduction in the cellular and intercellular substance that make up the muscle. The causes of muscle atrophy can be physiological (think of aging), or pathological.. ...
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) - Atypical form of Alzheimers disease with prominent posterior cortical atrophy: a review...NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) - Atypical form of Alzheimer's disease with prominent posterior cortical atrophy: a review...
In recent years, the existence of visual variants of Alzheimers disease characterized by atypical clinical presentation at onset has been increasingly recognized.
Diffuse Cerebral Cortical Atrophy Causes & Reasons - SymptomaDiffuse Cerebral Cortical Atrophy Causes & Reasons - Symptoma
Diffuse Cerebral Cortical Atrophy Symptom Checker: Possible causes include Neuhauser Syndrome. Check the full list of possible causes and conditions now! Talk to our Chatbot to narrow down your search.
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Posterior Cortical Atrophy | Signs, Symptoms, & DiagnosisPosterior Cortical Atrophy | Signs, Symptoms, & Diagnosis
Use it or lose it: Brain atrophyUse it or lose it: Brain atrophy
Myotonic atrophy legal definition of myotonic atrophyMyotonic atrophy legal definition of myotonic atrophy
Cognitive Atrophy Tickets | Cognitive Atrophy Tour Dates & Concerts | Ticketmaster IECognitive Atrophy Tickets | Cognitive Atrophy Tour Dates & Concerts | Ticketmaster IE
Conditions That Cause Villous AtrophyConditions That Cause Villous Atrophy
Atrophy in seniors may not be linked to reduced cognition | RetirementHomes.comAtrophy in seniors may not be linked to reduced cognition | RetirementHomes.com
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Avacincaptad Results Promising for Geographic AtrophyAvacincaptad Results Promising for Geographic Atrophy
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ESA Television - Videos - 2015 - 05 - Muscle Atrophy ESA Television - Videos - 2015 - 05 - Muscle Atrophy
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The Multiple System Atrophy Coalition Elects New Board OfficersThe Multiple System Atrophy Coalition Elects New Board Officers
Spinal Muscular AtrophySpinal Muscular Atrophy
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AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
AtrophyMuscular AtrophyOptic AtrophyMuscular Atrophy, SpinalMultiple System AtrophySpinal Muscular Atrophies of ChildhoodOlivopontocerebellar AtrophiesGyrate AtrophyGeographic AtrophySurvival of Motor Neuron 1 ProteinMuscular Disorders, AtrophicMagnetic Resonance ImagingOptic Atrophy, Autosomal DominantSMN Complex ProteinsSurvival of Motor Neuron 2 ProteinHindlimb SuspensionMuscle, SkeletalBulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-LinkedBrainGastritis, AtrophicSKP Cullin F-Box Protein LigasesOptic Atrophies, HereditaryCerebellar AtaxiaAlzheimer DiseaseUveal DiseasesOrgan SizeSupranuclear Palsy, ProgressiveMuscle ProteinsFacial HemiatrophyOrnithine-Oxo-Acid TransaminaseShy-Drager SyndromeMuscle DenervationMuscle Fibers, SkeletalCognition DisordersDisease Models, AnimalSpinocerebellar DegenerationsDisease ProgressionTemporal LobeNeuronal Apoptosis-Inhibitory ProteinPepsinogen AMyoclonic Epilepsies, ProgressiveDementiaImmobilizationAgingBrain DiseasesMacular DegenerationMotor NeuronsFundus OculiMyostatinImage Processing, Computer-AssistedCerebellar DiseasesHippocampusNerve Tissue ProteinsPedigreeCyclic AMP Response Element-Binding ProteinAnterior Horn CellsFluorescein AngiographyCeliac DiseasePepsinogen CNerve DegenerationNeurodegenerative DiseasesFrontotemporal DementiaCerebral CortexChoroidBiopsyMuscle WeaknessCerebellumMild Cognitive ImpairmentMotor Neuron DiseaseMice, TransgenicCerebral VentriclesRNA-Binding ProteinsHelicobacter pyloriGastritisGastric Mucosa
CerebralGray Matter AtrophyAlzheimer'sSymptomsCorticalDiagnosisVillous atrophyTesticular atrophySevereDysfunctionDiseaseClinicalCongenitalOccursCognitive declineVaginal drynessTreatmentDisorderDisordersMultipleMultiple SystemOlivopontocerebellarTypes of spinal musculaBrain atrophyDisuseGeographic atrophySymptomsVulvovaginal atrophyCerebellarNeurogenicVaginal DrynessSkeletal muscle atrophyDecreasesDiseaseLead to atrophyType of atrophyAutosomalEstrogenCause atrophyCerebral atrophyDegenerationSporadicPathwaysResearchersMalnutritionOccurThrash metal bandLeads to muscle weaknessAtrophicExercisesProtein
Cerebral23
Gray Matter Atrophy3
Alzheimer's2
Symptoms5
Cortical14
Diagnosis1
Villous atrophy14
Testicular atrophy1
Severe2
  • For people with hearing loss , a brain atrophy can get increasingly severe because individuals are required to use more effort in order to comprehend speech compared to a person with normal hearing. (healthyhearing.com)
  • Due to rareness of congenital microvillous atrophy (CMA), it is crucial to distinguish it from other diseases with persistent and severe diarrhea as soon as possible. (scirp.org)
Dysfunction1
Disease3
  • There has been a resurgence of the degenerative eye disease, Progressive Retinal Atrophy in recent years, having been fairly dormant for the past twenty years or so when it was known simply as Retinal Atrophy before the full progressive nature was realised. (pets4homes.co.uk)
  • Once a cat has actually developed Progressive Retinal Atrophy, it can usually be diagnosed by Veterinary examination, and the characteristic changes caused by the disease are visible in the back of the eye by using an ophthalmoscope. (pets4homes.co.uk)
  • As it is not a distinct disease entity, there is no uniform mode of presentation and the finding of atrophy is often incidental when imaging is taken for some other indication. (radiopaedia.org)
Clinical1
Congenital1
Occurs1
Cognitive decline3
  • An increase rate of brain atrophy is often observed in older people who suffer from cognitive decline. (tissuerecovery.com)
  • We additionally show that the beneficial effect of B vitamins is confined to participants with high homocysteine (above the median, 11 µmol/L) and that, in these participants, a causal Bayesian network analysis indicates the following chain of events: B vitamins lower homocysteine, which directly leads to a decrease in GM atrophy, thereby slowing cognitive decline. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our results show that B-vitamin supplementation can slow the atrophy of specific brain regions that are a key component of the AD process and that are associated with cognitive decline. (ox.ac.uk)
Vaginal dryness1
  • If you are suffering from vaginal dryness, rather than atrophy, then a combination cream of both progesterone and oestrogen such as 20-1 can be helpful. (bio-hormone-health.com)
Treatment2
  • Since brain atrophy is the loss or damage of brain cells, there is no treatment available to cure this complication. (healthyhearing.com)
  • In the placebo group, higher homocysteine levels at baseline are associated with faster GM atrophy, but this deleterious effect is largely prevented by B-vitamin treatment. (ox.ac.uk)
Disorder1
Disorders1
  • Similarly, those suffering from mental disorders often recover, at least partly, from brain atrophy when they begin to recover from their psychological condition. (brrlaw.com)
Multiple1
Multiple System24
Olivopontocerebellar9
Types of spinal muscula5
Brain atrophy9
  • Being physically fit can prevent brain atrophy and may ward off dementia, according to a study published in the December 2012 issue of Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise . (runnersworld.com)
  • Incorporating physical activity into your daily routine can be a helpful step to prevent conditions caused by brain atrophy, such as dementia," said the primary investigator, Atsumu Yuki, Ph.D., of the Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia in Japan. (runnersworld.com)
  • OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with brain atrophy and cerebrovascular disease. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • We aimed to define the regional distribution of brain atrophy in T2DM and to examine whether atrophy or cerebrovascular lesions are feasible links between T2DM and cognitive function. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • However, few studies have clarified the regional distribution of brain atrophy attributable to T2DM ( 14 - 16 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Understanding the pattern of brain atrophy in T2DM may provide clues toward the underlying neurodegenerative process. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Moreover, although some studies demonstrated associations of T2DM with brain atrophy or cerebrovascular disease, no data describe how MRI measures of atrophy and cerebrovascular disease mediate the difference in cognitive function between those with and without T2DM. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Two genetic variants linked to Alzheimer's disease have been more specifically tied to brain atrophy that is characteristic of the disease. (psychcentral.com)
  • A new study, led by Liana Apostolova, M.D., a professor at the Indiana University School of Medicine, also found that the proteins produced by the genes and circulating in the blood were associated with brain atrophy and could be used in Alzheimer's-related tests in the future. (psychcentral.com)
Disuse12
Geographic atrophy17
  • Avacincaptad pegol ( Zimura , IVERIC bio) slows the progression of geographic atrophy, results from a phase 3 clinical trial show, giving hope that there will soon be an approved treatment for one of the most common causes of vision loss. (medscape.com)
  • The experimental drug reduced the mean rate of geographic atrophy growth by 28% over 18 months. (medscape.com)
  • Although anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs have dramatically improved the outlook for patients with wet age-related macular degeneration, no drug has yet been approved to treat the more common dry form of the disease, which can lead to geographic atrophy and severe vision loss. (medscape.com)
  • Researchers have struggled to pinpoint the causes of geographic atrophy. (medscape.com)
  • For their study, Rezaei, Csaky, and Keith Westby, chief operating officer at IVERIC bio, assessed avacincaptad in patients with nonfoveal geographic atrophy secondary to dry age-related macular degeneration. (medscape.com)
  • All study participants had a multifocal geographic atrophy lesion between 2.5 mm² and 17.5 mm², part of which was 1500 μm from the foveal center, that could be photographed in its entirety. (medscape.com)
  • The size of geographic atrophy lesions were measured, with fundus autofluorescence, at baseline and at 6, 12, and 18 months. (medscape.com)
  • The difference in growth of geographic atrophy areas remained significant even after adjustment for missing data. (medscape.com)
  • To be able to reduce the growth of this geographic atrophy is a major step forward for these patients," Rezaei said. (medscape.com)
  • The trial was not designed to measure differences in visual acuity because the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) only requires evidence of a difference in lesion size to approve a drug for geographic atrophy, Rezaei reported. (medscape.com)
  • With no FDA-approved therapies yet for the treatment of geographic atrophy (GA), some companies and institutions, eager to change that fact, are initiating or resurrecting past research approaches to discern effective methods of combating this advanced form of dry AMD. (wabi.tv)
  • Almost a decade ago, Allergan (Dublin) began to study its glaucoma drug brimonidine (now known as Alphagan) as a potential treatment for Geographic Atrophy because it had demonstrated neuroprotective qualities in the company's animal studies. (wabi.tv)
  • His conclusion: Inhibiting the FAS-pathway through medical intervention is key to stopping unwanted photoreceptor cell death (apoptosis) in retinal detachment, wet and dry AMD, geographic atrophy, and diabetic retinopathy. (wabi.tv)
  • Dr. Zacks says ONL1204 should also be able to provide neuroprotection in geographic atrophy, treating the root cause of vision loss which is photoreceptor cell death. (wabi.tv)
  • The Janssen (Beerse, Belgium) drug development division of Johnson & Johnson has for several years been pursuing an initiative using cell therapy in an attempt to reverse the vision loss associated with geographic atrophy. (wabi.tv)
  • Bilateral geographic atrophy: Spontaneous visual improvement afte. (ingentaconnect.com)
  • A, Fundus photograph shows focal geographic atrophy of the RPE (arrowhead) and drusen in nonexudative age-related macular degeneration. (aao.org)
Symptoms15
Vulvovaginal atrophy9
Cerebellar1
Neurogenic2
Vaginal Dryness1
Skeletal muscle atrophy6
Decreases1
Disease16
  • Examples of atrophying nerve diseases include Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease , poliomyelitis , amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease), and Guillain-Barré syndrome . (wikipedia.org)
  • It is not known whether posterior cortical atrophy is a unique disease or a possible variant form of Alzheimer's disease. (alz.org)
  • In many people with posterior cortical atrophy, the affected part of the brain shows amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, similar to the changes that occur in Alzheimer's disease but in a different part of the brain. (alz.org)
  • In other people with posterior cortical atrophy, however, the brain changes resemble other diseases such as Lewy body dementia or a form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease . (alz.org)
  • Some studies have found that about 5 percent of people diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease have posterior cortical atrophy. (alz.org)
  • There is an ongoing discussion in the field whether posterior cortical atrophy should be considered a form of Alzheimer's disease or a distinct disease entity. (alz.org)
  • Furthermore, people with posterior cortical atrophy have degeneration in different parts of the brain than people with typical forms of Alzheimer's disease, although there is often overlap between the two conditions. (alz.org)
  • It is also not known if the risk factors for Alzheimer's disease are also risk factors for posterior cortical atrophy. (alz.org)
  • Because posterior cortical atrophy resembles Alzheimer's disease in some patients, it has been suggested that drugs used to temporarily alleviate brain dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease may be helpful in posterior cortical atrophy, but this is not proven. (alz.org)
  • Ethnic Variations in Duodenal Villous Atrophy Consistent With Celiac Disease. (youtube.com)
  • Alzheimer's disease is a type of focal cerebral atrophy. (wisegeek.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS Cortical atrophy in T2DM resembles patterns seen in preclinical Alzheimer disease. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Cerebral atrophy can be caused by injury or disease. (reference.com)
  • Using magnetic resonance imaging tools to measure brain size and genetic analysis, the researchers looked for associations between the genetic variants and atrophy in the cortical and hippocampal regions of the brain, which are established physical biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. (psychcentral.com)
  • Optic atrophy is not a disease, but rather a sign of a potentially more serious condition. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Physical activity may help prevent atrophy of the hippocampus, a brain region important for learning and memory that often shrinks in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease. (nih.gov)
Lead to atrophy2
  • Also, time in a circa zero g environment without exercise will lead to atrophy. (wikipedia.org)
  • extensive TV viewing may lead to atrophy of children's imaginations. (encyclopedia.com)
Type of atrophy1
  • This type of atrophy can often be reversed with exercise and better nutrition. (umm.edu)
Autosomal1
Estrogen5
Cause atrophy2
  • There are many diseases and conditions which cause atrophy of muscle mass. (wikipedia.org)
  • Testosterone replacement (or anabolic steroids as well) can cause atrophy (shrinkage) of the testicles. (thebody.com)
Cerebral atrophy4
  • Cerebral atrophy is a common form of degeneration that begins when brain cells and brain tissue begin to waste away. (wisegeek.com)
  • Mild diffuse cerebral atrophy is a symptomatic brain condition generally involving the loss, or deterioration of, neurons and the connections between them, usually indicating the presence of other brain diseases. (reference.com)
  • Focal, or localized, cerebral atrophy results in decreased functionality in that area of the brain. (reference.com)
  • Cerebral atrophy is a condition in which an individual continuously loses brain cells, according to Healthgrades. (reference.com)
Degeneration2
  • Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) refers to gradual and progressive degeneration of the outer layer of the brain (the cortex) in the part of the brain located in the back of the head (posterior). (alz.org)
  • Atrophy is a degeneration of either all or one part of the body, and is often referred to as "wasting. (wisegeek.com)
Sporadic1
  • In her early 50s my mom was diagnosed with with a form of sporadic ataxia known as multiple systems atrophy. (crowdrise.com)
Pathways2
  • During atrophy, there is a down-regulation of protein synthesis pathways, and an activation of protein degradation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Finally, the activation of NF-κB in TRAF6-knockout mouse embryo fibroblasts by TWEAK was mostly abolished, which suggests that TRAF6 is likely to link this atrophy-inducing cytokine to downstream signaling pathways. (sciencemag.org)
Researchers3
  • Researchers and physicians are working to establish a standard definition and diagnostic criteria for posterior cortical atrophy (PDF). (alz.org)
  • Researchers aim to look at the muscle atrophy and muscle sparing in the transgenic mice. (nasa.gov)
  • Researchers are currently studying various medications that can be used to slow down the process of atrophy. (wisegeek.com)
Malnutrition1
Occur1
  • Besides problems with sex, urinary tract infections (UTI), vaginal infections, and having pelvic exams by the gynecologist are other problems that can occur from having vaginal atrophy. (webmd.com)
Thrash metal band2
Leads to muscle weakness2
Atrophic3
  • Vaginal Atrophy (Atrophic Vaginitis) Pipeline Therapeutics. (mynewsdesk.com)
  • This report provides comprehensive information on the therapeutic development for Vaginal Atrophy (Atrophic Vaginitis), complete with comparative analysis at various stages, therapeutics assessment by drug target, mechanism of action (MoA), route of administration (RoA) and molecule type, along with latest updates, and featured news and press releases. (mynewsdesk.com)
  • It also reviews key players involved in the therapeutic development for Vaginal Atrophy (Atrophic Vaginitis) and special features on late-stage and discontinued projects. (mynewsdesk.com)
Exercises1
  • The study's authors found that the presence of atrophy was more reliably detected through imaging techniques than with girth measurements but that the atrophy did exist to such an extent that quadriceps-strengthening exercises could be "an important consideration" in rehabilitation. (apta.org)
Protein5
Avoiding Atrophy: What More Could We Ask For?
Avoiding Atrophy: What More Could We Ask For? (avoidingatrophy.blogspot.com)
Avoiding Atrophy: What I Learned By Playing 'My Idol'
Avoiding Atrophy: What I Learned By Playing 'My Idol' (avoidingatrophy.blogspot.com)
Avoiding Atrophy: Things I Learned While in Beyonce's Presence
Avoiding Atrophy: Things I Learned While in Beyonce's Presence (avoidingatrophy.blogspot.com)
Mother witnesses 'miracle' in daughter with Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Mother witnesses 'miracle' in daughter with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (desmoinesregister.com)
Ethnic Variations in Duodenal Villous Atrophy Consistent With Celiac Disease... - YouTube
Ethnic Variations in Duodenal Villous Atrophy Consistent With Celiac Disease... - YouTube (youtube.com)
Spinal Muscular Atrophy Archives - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)
Spinal Muscular Atrophy Archives - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders) (rarediseases.org)
Ionis and Biogen's Spinraza Drug for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Wins FDA Approval - WSJ
Ionis and Biogen's Spinraza Drug for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Wins FDA Approval - WSJ (wsj.com)
This 23-year-old with spinal muscular atrophy is the new face of Kurt Geiger
This 23-year-old with spinal muscular atrophy is the new face of Kurt Geiger (yahoo.com)
Diseases and Symptoms Related to Brain Atrophy | Livestrong.com
Diseases and Symptoms Related to Brain Atrophy | Livestrong.com (livestrong.com)
New treatment for spinal muscular atrophy creates hope
New treatment for spinal muscular atrophy creates hope (theleafchronicle.com)
Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 3 (juvenile SMA) | MD Australia
Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 3 (juvenile SMA) | MD Australia (mda.org.au)
Compression, Healthy Living, and More | BrightLifeDirect - Tagged 'multiple system atrophy'
Compression, Healthy Living, and More | BrightLifeDirect - Tagged 'multiple system atrophy' (brightlifedirect.com)
Homocysteine-Lowering by B Vitamins Slows the Rate of Accelerated Brain Atrophy in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized...
Homocysteine-Lowering by B Vitamins Slows the Rate of Accelerated Brain Atrophy in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized... (journals.plos.org)
Late Onset Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) in the Abyssinian and Somali Cat; Evaluation of Allele Frequency in Europe for the...
Late Onset Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) in the Abyssinian and Somali Cat; Evaluation of Allele Frequency in Europe for the... (vin.com)
Fundraising - REBECCA RUN FOR SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY
Fundraising - REBECCA RUN FOR SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY (rebeccarun.com)
Teams - REBECCA RUN FOR SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY
Teams - REBECCA RUN FOR SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY (rebeccarun.com)
Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression by Skeletal Muscle of Three Mouse Models of Kennedy Disease/Spinal Bulbar Muscular...
Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression by Skeletal Muscle of Three Mouse Models of Kennedy Disease/Spinal Bulbar Muscular... (journals.plos.org)
Photo Gallery - Rebecca Run for Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Photo Gallery - Rebecca Run for Spinal Muscular Atrophy (rebeccarun.com)
Adrenachrome. | Alchemy / Atrophy | CD Baby Music Store
Adrenachrome. | Alchemy / Atrophy | CD Baby Music Store (store.cdbaby.com)
Atrophy - Wikipedia
Atrophy - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Clinical Trial Readiness Program fro Spinal Muscular Atrophy - Cure SMA
Clinical Trial Readiness Program fro Spinal Muscular Atrophy - Cure SMA (curesma.org)
Breast atrophy - Wikipedia
Breast atrophy - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Atrophy - Downfall of Gaia | Last.fm
Atrophy - Downfall of Gaia | Last.fm (last.fm)
Multiple system atrophy - Wikipedia
Multiple system atrophy - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Parenteral nutrition - Wikipedia
Parenteral nutrition - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
NHS Scotland's 'Landmark' Deal for Cystic Fibrosis Drugs
NHS Scotland's 'Landmark' Deal for Cystic Fibrosis Drugs (medscape.com)
Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322110.php
Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322110.php (medicalnewstoday.com)
Muscular atrophy | pathology | Britannica.com
Muscular atrophy | pathology | Britannica.com (britannica.com)
Cerebral Atrophy - Counterpoint - ABC Radio National (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
Cerebral Atrophy - Counterpoint - ABC Radio National (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) (abc.net.au)
Alchemy / Atrophy by adrenachrome. on Spotify
Alchemy / Atrophy by adrenachrome. on Spotify (open.spotify.com)
January 2004 - Scientific American
January 2004 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
Linear atrophy | Definition of Linear atrophy at Dictionary.com
Linear atrophy | Definition of Linear atrophy at Dictionary.com (dictionary.com)
Anatomical terms of muscle - Wikipedia
Anatomical terms of muscle - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Cognitive Atrophy: Canon 30D
Cognitive Atrophy: Canon 30D (cognitiveatrophy.blogspot.com)
Spinal Muscular Atrophy| A Pipeline Analysis Report 2018| Technavio | Business Wire
Spinal Muscular Atrophy| A Pipeline Analysis Report 2018| Technavio | Business Wire (businesswire.com)
Parenting Video: Set Up a Back-to-School Routine
Parenting Video: Set Up a Back-to-School Routine (webmd.com)