Atracurium
Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents
Drugs that interrupt transmission at the skeletal neuromuscular junction without causing depolarization of the motor end plate. They prevent acetylcholine from triggering muscle contraction and are used as muscle relaxants during electroshock treatments, in convulsive states, and as anesthesia adjuvants.
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
Drugs that interrupt transmission of nerve impulses at the skeletal neuromuscular junction. They can be of two types, competitive, stabilizing blockers (NEUROMUSCULAR NONDEPOLARIZING AGENTS) or noncompetitive, depolarizing agents (NEUROMUSCULAR DEPOLARIZING AGENTS). Both prevent acetylcholine from triggering the muscle contraction and they are used as anesthesia adjuvants, as relaxants during electroshock, in convulsive states, etc.
Vecuronium Bromide
Monoquaternary homolog of PANCURONIUM. A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with shorter duration of action than pancuronium. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination as well as its short duration of action and easy reversibility provide advantages over, or alternatives to, other established neuromuscular blocking agents.
Pancuronium
Isoquinolines
Neostigmine
Edrophonium
Succinylcholine
A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.
Androstanols
Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents
Anesthesia, General
Neuromuscular Blockade
The intentional interruption of transmission at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION by external agents, usually neuromuscular blocking agents. It is distinguished from NERVE BLOCK in which nerve conduction (NEURAL CONDUCTION) is interrupted rather than neuromuscular transmission. Neuromuscular blockade is commonly used to produce MUSCLE RELAXATION as an adjunct to anesthesia during surgery and other medical procedures. It is also often used as an experimental manipulation in basic research. It is not strictly speaking anesthesia but is grouped here with anesthetic techniques. The failure of neuromuscular transmission as a result of pathological processes is not included here.
Enflurane
Anesthesia, Inhalation
Nitrous Oxide
Opium
The air-dried exudate from the unripe seed capsule of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, or its variant, P. album. It contains a number of alkaloids, but only a few - MORPHINE; CODEINE; and PAPAVERINE - have clinical significance. Opium has been used as an analgesic, antitussive, antidiarrheal, and antispasmodic.
Ulnar Nerve
Halothane
A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)
Anesthesia Recovery Period
Tritolyl Phosphates
Glycopyrrolate
Diphenhydramine
Chlorpheniramine
Influence of atracurium on the diaphragm mean action potential conduction velocity in canines. (1/168)
BACKGROUND: It has been shown that progressive neuromuscular blockade (NMB) affects the electromyogram power spectrum and compound muscle action potential duration in skeletal muscle. These measures are linked to the mean muscle action potential conduction velocity (APCV), but no studies have confirmed a relation between the mean APCV and NMB. The aim of this study was to determine whether diaphragm mean APCV is affected by NMB. METHODS: The effects of NMB on diaphragm mean APCV were evaluated in five mongrel dogs. Progressive NMB was induced by slow intravenous infusion of atracurium. During spontaneous breathing, the diaphragm mean APCV was determined by electromyogram signals, in the time and frequency domains. The magnitude of NMB was quantified by the amplitude of the compound muscle action potential and by changes in muscle shortening during supramaximal stimulation of the phrenic nerve. RESULTS: Progressive NMB was associated with a decrease in diaphragm mean APCV. At approximately 70% reduction in the compound muscle action potential amplitude, diaphragm mean APCV had decreased more than 20%. Recovery after NMB was characterized by a restoration of the mean APCV to control values. CONCLUSION: This study shows that progressive NMB paralyzes motor units within the diaphragm in an orderly manner, and the blockade first affects muscle fibers with high APCV before it affects fibers with lower APCV. (+info)The infusion rate of mivacurium or atracurium for cesarean section compared with gynecological procedures. (2/168)
Mivacurium is mainly metabolized by plasma cholinesterase, whereas atracurium is removed by Hofman elimination. The purpose of this study was to compare the infusion rate of atracurium and mivacurium in maintaining surgical relaxation, and to compare their recovery indices between parturients and non-pregnant women. Muscle relaxation was maintained by the continuous infusion of relaxants to retain the first response of train-of-four (TOF) at 5% of control. When mivacurium was used, Bolus-T5 (duration from the end of mivacurium bolus injection to 5% single twitch recovery) was measured. After discontinuing the infusion, the recovery index was measured. The infusion rate of mivacurium, not atracurium, was significantly lower in parturients and Bolus-T5 of parturients was significantly longer than that of non-pregnant women. There was no significant difference in the recovery indices of both relaxants. The authors concluded that the infusion rate of mivacurium in maintaining muscle relaxation in parturients should be reduced compared to the rate in non-pregnant women and measuring Bolus-T5 may be helpful in determining the infusion rate to maintain muscle relaxation. (+info)Comparison of a new piezoelectric train-of-four neuromuscular monitor, the ParaGraph, and the Relaxometer mechanomyograph. (3/168)
The ParaGraph is a new device for monitoring neuromuscular function using a piezoelectric motion sensor. In 20 patients, monitoring of neuromuscular block produced by cisatracurium 0.1 mg kg-1 was compared using the ParaGraph and a Relaxometer 2 mechanomyograph. The ParaGraph was quick to set up, and easy to operate and interpret. There were no significant differences in the time to 100% depression of T1/T0, time to 25% recovery of T1/T0 or time to recovery of T1/T0 from 25% to 75%, measured by the two monitors. When the difference between the two monitors was plotted against the average of the two measurements, the limits of agreement for T1/T0 (-42.95, +53.98%) and the train-of-four ratio, T4/T1 (-0.28, +0.21) were too wide to allow the values given by the two monitors for individual patients to be used interchangeably. (+info)Cisatracurium neuromuscular block at the adductor pollicis and the laryngeal adductor muscles in humans. (4/168)
We have compared the dose-response relationship (n = 30) and time course of neuromuscular block (n = 20) of cisatracurium at the laryngeal adductor and the adductor pollicis muscles. ED95 values for cisatracurium were 66.8 (95% confidence interval 61.3-72.3) micrograms kg-1 at the larynx and 45.2 (42.1-48.3) micrograms kg-1 at the adductor pollicis muscle (P < 0.0001). After administration of cisatracurium 0.1 mg kg-1, onset time was 2.7 (2.2-3.2) min at the larynx and 3.9 (3.0-4.8) min at the adductor pollicis (P < 0.0001). Time to 95% recovery of the first twitch of the TOF was 26.9 (20.1-33.7) min and 45.6 (39.7-51.5) min, respectively (P < 0.0001). We found that the laryngeal adductors were more resistant to the action of cisatracurium than the adductor pollicis muscle, but onset and recovery were faster at the larynx. (+info)A comparison of continuous infusion of vecuronium and atracurium in midline and paramedian laparotomies. (5/168)
This was a study to compare continuous intravenous infusion of atracurium with continuous intravenous infusion of vecuronium for intraoperative muscle relaxation in 62 ASA I / II patients. Scheduled for laparotomies and pelvic surgeries under general anaesthesia. They were randomly allocated in two groups to receive either vecuronium infusion of 50 microg/kg/hour following a bolus dose of 0.1 microg/kg, or atracurium infusion of 400 microg/kg/hour following a bolus dose of 0.5 microg/kg. The mean infusion dose of atracurium was 478 +/- 44.11 microg/kg/hour and that of vecuronium was 63.2 +/- 74 microg/kg/hour for adequate muscle relaxation. The depth of neuromuscular blockade was monitored by using peripheral nerve stimulator so that only one twitch of train of four was present, resistance to ventilation, surgical relaxation and haemodynamic changes. Vecuronium infusions produced more haemodynamic stability than atracurium infusions. Vecuronium produced lesser change in systolic blood pressure (mean change of 3. 46 +/- 3.33%) from baseline values as compared to atracurium (mean change of 5.81 +/- 3.73%) from baseline values ( p < 0.01) which was statistically significant. The difference in mean pulse rate change from baseline value in the atracurium group (4.78 +/- 2.745%) was less than that in the vecuronium group (5.99 +/- 2.67%), which was not statistically significant. Spontaneous recovery was faster with vecuronium (540.94 +/- 76.46 seconds) as compared to atracurium (596. 33 +/- 72.48 seconds). 84.4% of patients who received vecuronium fell within good to very good category of muscle relaxation as compared to 63.3% in atracurium group. There were no cost benefits when either agents were used in infusion form. (+info)The incidence and mechanisms of pharyngeal and upper esophageal dysfunction in partially paralyzed humans: pharyngeal videoradiography and simultaneous manometry after atracurium. (6/168)
BACKGROUND: Residual neuromuscular block caused by vecuronium alters pharyngeal function and impairs airway protection. The primary objectives of this investigation were to radiographically evaluate the swallowing act and to record the incidence of and the mechanism behind pharyngeal dysfunction during partial neuromuscular block. The secondary objective was to evaluate the effect of atracurium on pharyngeal function. METHODS: Twenty healthy volunteers were studied while awake during liquid-contrast bolus swallowing. The incidence of pharyngeal dysfunction was studied by fluoroscopy. The initiation of the swallowing process, the pharyngeal coordination, and the bolus transit time were evaluated. Simultaneous manometry was used to document pressure changes at the tongue base, the pharyngeal constrictor muscles, and the upper esophageal sphincter. After control recordings, an intravenous infusion of atracurium was administered to obtain train-of-four ratios (T4/T1) of 0.60, 0.70, and 0.80, followed by recovery to a train-of-four ratio of more than 0.90. RESULTS: The incidence of pharyngeal dysfunction was 6% during the control recordings and increased (P < 0.05) to 28%, 17%, and 20% at train-of-four ratios 0.60, 0.70, and 0.80, respectively. After recovery to a train-of-four ratio of more than 0.90, the incidence was 13%. Pharyngeal dysfunction occurred in 74 of 444 swallows, the majority (80%) resulting in laryngeal penetration. The initiation of the swallowing reflex was impaired during partial paralysis (P = 0.0081). The pharyngeal coordination was impaired at train-of-four ratios of 0.60 and 0.70 (P < 0.01). A marked reduction in the upper esophageal sphincter resting tone was found, as well as a reduced contraction force in the pharyngeal constrictor muscles. The bolus transit time did not change significantly. CONCLUSION: Partial neuromuscular paralysis caused by atracurium is associated with a four- to fivefold increase in the incidence of misdirected swallowing. The mechanism behind the pharyngeal dysfunction is a delayed initiation of the swallowing reflex, impaired pharyngeal muscle function, and impaired coordination. The majority of misdirected swallows resulted in penetration of bolus to the larynx. (+info)Dose requirements of infusions of cisatracurium or rocuronium during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. (7/168)
We investigated the influence of mild hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on the dose requirements of cisatracurium or rocuronium used as a continuous infusion. We studied eight patients given cisatracurium and nine given rocuronium. They were ASA class III and IV and scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting. Neuromuscular transmission was monitored electromyographically. After recovery of T1/T0 to 10%, a cisatracurium infusion or a rocuronium infusion was started at a rate of 1.5 or 10 micrograms kg-1 min-1, respectively, and adjusted to maintain T1/T0 at 15%. Infusion rate and duration were recorded before, during and after CPB in each patient and the mean infusion rates were calculated. One-way ANOVA showed a statistically significant difference between the cisatracurium infusion rates before, during and after CPB: A T1/T0 of 15% could be achieved with a mean infusion rate of 1.1, 0.75 and 0.98 micrograms kg-1 min-1 before, during and after CPB, respectively. There was no significant difference between the rocuronium infusion rates before, during and after CPB. The mean rocuronium infusion rate required to maintain T1/T0 at 15% throughout the procedure was 4.1 micrograms kg-1 min-1. Cisatracurium infusion rates should be halved during CPB. Even after CPB, requirements are reduced. The same tendency occurs with rocuronium, but the changes in infusion rate were not statistically significant. (+info)Preanesthetic train-of-four fade predicts the atracurium requirement of myasthenia gravis patients. (8/168)
BACKGROUND: The most sensitive diagnostic criterion of myasthenia gravis is a decrement in the muscular response to repetitive stimulation. The authors hypothesized that myasthenia gravis patients who show a train-of-four ratio (T4/T1) < 0.9 in the preanesthetic period will have increased sensitivity to nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents compared with myasthenia gravis patients with preanesthetic T4/T1 > or = 0.9. METHODS: After institutional review board approval was obtained, 20 electrophysiologically documented myasthenia gravis patients were studied. Current pyridostigmine therapy was continued until the morning of surgery. Before induction of anesthesia, neuromuscular transmission was recorded from the hypothenar muscles using electromyography with train-of-four stimulation of the ulnar nerve. According to the T4/T1 ratio, patients were assigned to the "normal" group (T4/T1 > or = 0.9) or the "decrement" group (T4/T1 < 0.9). After induction of intravenous anesthesia, the effective dose to achieve a 95% neuromuscular blockade (ED95) for atracurium was assessed with a cumulative bolus technique. Postoperatively, pyridostigmine was titrated to obtain a T4/T1 > 0.75 and to treat residual myasthenic symptoms. RESULTS: In 14 patients, preanesthetic T4/T1 was > or = 0.9 (normal), whereas 6 patients presented with T4/T1 < 0.9 (decrement). Decrement patients had a lower ED95 of 0.07 +/- 0.03 mg/kg atracurium (mean +/- SD) compared with normal patients with an ED95 of 0.24 +/- 0.11 mg/kg atracurium (P = 0.002). All patients were extubated within 30 min after surgery. Postoperative pyridostigmine infusion did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The requirement for atracurium is significantly reduced in myasthenia gravis patients with a T4/T1 ratio < 0.9 before anesthesia. This study indicates that routine neuromuscular monitoring in myasthenia gravis patients should be extended into the preinduction period to identify patients who require less atracurium. (+info)
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Cisatracurium besilate
... atracurium. Atracurium itself was invented at Strathclyde University and licensed to Burroughs Wellcome Co., Research Triangle ... To address this issue, a program was initiated to investigate the individual isomer constituents of atracurium to identify and ... Stiller RL, Cook DR, Chakravorti S (1985). "In vitro degradation of atracurium in human plasma". Br J Anaesth. 57 (11): 1085- ... now part of GlaxoSmithKline) by combining the name "atracurium" with "cis" [hence cisatracurium] because the molecule is one of ...
Laudanosine
Fodale V, Santamaria LB (July 2002). "Laudanosine, an atracurium and cisatracurium metabolite". Eur J Anaesthesiol. 19 (7): 466 ... Laudanosine or N-methyltetrahydropapaverine is a recognized metabolite of atracurium and cisatracurium. Laudanosine decreases ... to be produced consequent to chemodegradable metabolism of clinically administered doses of cisatracurium or atracurium. ...
Mivacurium chloride
The orientation of the two O atoms in the bridge is to the THIQ side of the carbonyl C=O group, whereas in atracurium the O ... Unlike the potency of the cis-cis isomer of atracurium (also known as 51W89 and eventually produced as the drug cisatracurium ... Atracurium's groups are "reversed ester" linkages. This makes ester hydrolysis degradation by plasma cholinesterase more ... Having ten methoxy -OCH3 groups, mivacurium is a more potent neuromuscular blocking drug than atracurium (which has eight), but ...
Neuromuscular blocking agents
Scientists later developed atracurium, vecurnoium, rocuronium, suxamethonium and pancuronium. Gallamine triethiodide is ... atracurium and cisatracurium. The choice among these NMBA depends on availability, cost and patient parameters that affect drug ...
Chlortetracycline
... may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of atracurium besilate. "chlortetracycline , C22H23ClN2O8 ...
Rapid sequence induction
"Anaphylaxis Is More Common with Rocuronium and Succinylcholine than with Atracurium". Anesthesiology. 122 (1): 39-45. doi: ...
Outcomes Research Consortium
"Mild hypothermia alters propofol pharmacokinetics and increases the duration of action of atracurium". Anesth Analg. 80 (5): ...
James Edward Cottrell
... and Heart Rate after Rapid Paralysis with Atracurium in Cats". Can Anaesth Soc J. 32 (6): 618-621. doi:10.1007/BF03011408. PMID ...
Intracranial pressure
Thus if full sedation alone is ineffective, people may be paralyzed with drugs such as atracurium. Paralysis allows the ...
Malignant hyperthermia
The nondepolarizing muscle relaxants pancuronium, cisatracurium, atracurium, mivacurium, vecuronium and rocuronium also do not ...
Aminosteroid
Benzylisoquinolines, such as atracurium and tubocurarine, the other major group of neuromuscular blocking agents Ted Lin; Tim ...
Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling
Mouw RJ, Klumper F, Hermans J, Brandenburg HC, Kanhai HH (1999). "Effect of atracurium or pancuronium on the anemic fetus ...
Anesthetic
Anaphylaxis Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants Histamine release e.g. Atracurium and Mivacurium Anaphylaxis Another potentially ... Decamethonium Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants Short acting Mivacurium Rapacuronium Intermediate acting Atracurium ...
MRGPRX2
Agonists are gyrase inhibitors like ciprofloxacin and non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents like atracurium as well as ...
Neuromuscular-blocking drug
Cis-atracurium is very similar to atracurium except it is more potent and has a weaker tendency to cause histamine release. ... Mivacurium, atracurium, and doxacurium have greater N-N distance and molecular length than d-tubocurarine even when bent. To ... Atracurium, the resulting molecule, breaks down spontaneously in the body to inactive compounds and being especially useful in ... In the development of atracurium the main idea was to make use of Hofmann elimination of the muscle relaxant in vivo. When ...
Coinduction (anesthetics)
A muscle relaxant such as atracurium would be administered after this, though this would not strictly be a part of coinduction ...
Tubocurarine chloride
... atracurium, and cisatracurium. Succinylcholine is a widely used muscle relaxant drug which acts by activating, instead of ...
Gantacurium chloride
Unlike the pH- and temperature-dependent chemodegradation seen with atracurium and cisatracurium, the inactivation of ... of successful predecessor bistetrahydroisoquinolinium neuromuscular blocking drugs development projects such as atracurium ( ...
C65H82N2O18S2
The molecular formula C65H82N2O18S2 (molar mass: 1243.49 g/mol) may refer to: Atracurium besilate Cisatracurium besilate This ...
5th Corps (Syrian rebel group)
The group held that the Syrian Interim Government was responsible for the accidental injection of atracurium besilate into 75 ...
List of MeSH codes (D03)
... atracurium MeSH D03.438.531.085.077 - bicuculline MeSH D03.438.531.085.666 - papaverine MeSH D03.438.531.085.666.850 - ...
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines
Mumps vaccine Varicella vaccine Atracurium Neostigmine Suxamethonium Vecuronium Pyridostigmineα Vecuroniumα Aciclovir ...
Cerebral edema
Additionally, the use of nondepolarizing neuromusclar blocking agents (NMBA), such as doxacurium or atracurium, have been ...
List of drugs: As-Az
Atozine Oral atracurium besilate (INN) atreleuton (INN) atriciguat (INN) Atridox atrimustine (INN) atrinositol (INN) Atrohist ...
List of GSK plc products
... atracurium besilate) Trelegy (fluticasone furoate, umeclidinium, and vilanterol inhalation powder) Treximet (sumatriptan and ...
ATC code M03
M03AA04 Dimethyltubocurarine M03AB01 Suxamethonium M03AC01 Pancuronium M03AC02 Gallamine M03AC03 Vecuronium M03AC04 Atracurium ...
C21H27NO4
The molecular formula C21H27NO4 (molar mass: 357.44 g/mol) may refer to: Laudanosine, a toxic metabolite of atracurium and ...
SK channel
Lei-Dab7 N-methyl-laudanosine N-Me-bicuculline Pancuronium Atracurium 1-ethyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-on 6,7-dichloro-3-( ...
Atracurium besilate
Atracurium is available as a generic medication. Atracurium is a medication used in addition to other medications in to provide ... Atracurium besilate, also known as atracurium besylate, is a medication used in addition to other medications to provide ... Dewar first named this compound "33A74" before its eventual emergence in the clinic as atracurium. Atracurium was the ... and came to be known as atracurium. "Atracurium Besylate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the ...
Human body weight
"Comparative evaluation of atracurium dosed on ideal body weight vs. total body weight in morbidly obese patients". British ...
Atracurium besilate - Wikipedia
Atracurium is available as a generic medication. Atracurium is a medication used in addition to other medications in to provide ... Atracurium besilate, also known as atracurium besylate, is a medication used in addition to other medications to provide ... Dewar first named this compound "33A74" before its eventual emergence in the clinic as atracurium. Atracurium was the ... and came to be known as atracurium. "Atracurium Besylate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the ...
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Tracrium (atracurium) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more
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She was well-stabilized after general anesthesia and within the seconds of giving injection atracurium; she had difficulty in ... However, the incidence of anaphylaxis due to atracurium is very rare (,1/10,000) according to UK Summary of Product ... The patient was diagnosed with anaphylaxis with angioedema due to atracurium and was promptly managed in operation theater. She ... Sharma Jyoti, Verma Savita, Gupta M C. Atracurium-induced anaphylaxis and angioedema: a case report. International Journal of ...
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Neomycin, Polymyxin B, And Hydrocortisone (Ophthalmic Route) Precautions - Mayo Clinic
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.. Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.. ...
Injection11
- A formulation for preparing Atracurium Besylate 10-mg/mL Injection, Preserved. (ijpc.com)
- COMPOSITION FOR ATRAPURE 2.5MG INJECTION Atracurium(2.5mg)FOOD INTERACTION FOR ATRAPURE INJECTION :It is better to take Atrapure 2.5mg injection empty stomach (1 hour before food or 2 hours after food). (dheerhealthcaredrugs.com)
- Atracurium Besilate Injection is indicated as an adjunct to general anaesthesia during surgery to relax skeletal muscles, and to facilitate endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. (cphi-online.com)
- Atracurium Besylate Injection is made available in a gradation of packaging options, in order to facilitate safer deliveries. (skyhealthpharma.in)
- Atracurium Besylate Injection is a skeletal muscle relaxant that is used in combination with anesthesia to assist endotracheal intubation and to calm skeletal muscles during surgery or mechanical breathing. (sriyalifescience.com)
- Generic atracurium besylate injection is available. (sriyalifescience.com)
- Only intravenous injections should be used to give Atracurium Besilate Injection. (sriyalifescience.com)
- Atracurium Besilate Injection should not be administered intramuscularly due to the risk of tissue irritation and the lack of clinical evidence to support this practice. (sriyalifescience.com)
- Atracurium Besilate Injection, like other neuromuscular blocking medications, requires monitoring of neuromuscular function in order to tailor dose needs. (sriyalifescience.com)
- Our range of products include rocuronium bromide injection(10mg) mycuronium, ascorbic acid injection 250 mg/ml, vecuronium bromide for injection ( for export), rocuronium bromide injection (for export), cerebroprotein hydrolysate injection and atracurium besylate injection. (mayabiotech.co.in)
- Atracurium besylate injection is available in generic form. (wellnesspharmaindia.com)
Vecuronium4
- Elimination: atracurium, vecuronium, mivacurium. (myastheniagravis.cz)
- Neuromuscular blocking drugs, such as vecuronium [7] and atracurium, [8] have also been added to the local anesthetic mixture and have been shown to improve the quality of peribulbar anesthesia. (saudija.org)
- Evaluation of cumulative properties of three new nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs BW A444U, atracurium and vecuronium. (cornell.edu)
- Some of the most common drugs include available drugs (such as propofol, etomidate, and fentanyl), local anesthetics (such as lidocaine and bupivacaine), and neuromuscular blocking agents (such as atracurium and vecuronium). (dentist-tulsa.com)
ROCURONIUM4
- Dose requirements of continuous infusion of rocuronium and atracurium throughout orthotopic liver transplantation in humans[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 2005, 6(9): 869-872. (zju.edu.cn)
- Objective: To compare the dose requirements of continuous infusion of rocuronium and atracurium throughout orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in humans. (zju.edu.cn)
- Methods: Twenty male patients undergoing liver transplantation were randomly assigned to two comparable groups of 10 patients each to receive a continuous infusion of rocuronium or atracurium under intravenous balanced anesthesia. (zju.edu.cn)
- Conclusions: This study showed that the exclusion of the liver from the circulation results in the significantly reduced requirement of rocuronium while the requirement of atracurium was not changed, which suggests that the liver is of major importance in the clearance of rocuronium . (zju.edu.cn)
Mivacurium1
- Atracurium and mivacurium can lower blood pressure slightly. (openanesthesia.org)
Pancuronium1
- Examples of muscle relaxants used during surgical procedures include succinylcholine (Anectine, Sucostrin), atracurium (Tracrium), and pancuronium (Pavulon). (butalbitalacetaminophen.com)
Succinylcholine1
- In such cases, atracurium, cisatracurim , and succinylcholine should still have activity and may be considered. (pharmacytimes.com)
Propofol2
- All patients will be induced with propofol 2 mg / kg , atracurium 0.5mg/kg and fentanyl 1μg/kg, then the patients will be intubated by appropriate size of endotracheal tube volume control ventilation (VCV) 5-7 ml/kg and respiratory rate will be adjusted to keep and PaCO2 levels between 30-35 mmHg using (G.E-Datex-Ohmeda, Avance CS2, USA) anesthesia machine. (centerwatch.com)
- Sufentanil (0.2 μg/kg) propofol (2 mg/kg), atracurium (1 mg/kg) and midazolam (2 mg) were used for anesthesia induction. (medscape.com)
Anesthesia2
- Anesthesia will be maintained with isoflurane 1 MAC with 50% oxygen in air, with the goal of keeping the BIS measurement between (40-60), and atracurium top-ups of 0.1mg/kg will be given every 30 minutes for neuromuscular blockade.Then the block will be conducted after general anesthesia by an expert anesthesiologist who is different from the anesthesiologist who provided anesthesia to the patient. (centerwatch.com)
- Then sufentanil (0.1 μg/kg), atracurium (0.5 mg/kg) and sevoflurane (1-3%) were used to maintain anesthesia during surgery. (medscape.com)
Fentanyl1
- fentanyl, atracurium. (medscape.com)
Neuromuscular-blocker2
- Atracurium is in the neuromuscular-blocker family of medications and is of the non-depolarizing type. (wikipedia.org)
- Pipecuronium bromide is an aminosteroidal competitive neuromuscular blocker (see Atracurium). (pocketdrugguide.com)
Skeletal1
- Atracurium besilate, also known as atracurium besylate, is a medication used in addition to other medications to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation. (wikipedia.org)
Hofmann2
- Because atracurium undergoes Hofmann elimination as a primary route of chemodegradation, one of the major metabolites from this process is laudanosine, a tertiary amino alkaloid reported to be a modest CNS stimulant with epileptogenic activity and cardiovascular effects such a hypotension and bradycardia. (wikipedia.org)
- Elimination of atracurium in humans: Contribution of Hofmann elimination and ester hydrolysis versus organ-based elimination. (zju.edu.cn)
Facilitate2
Doses1
- Bolus doses of atracurium were given to maintain only 2or 3 responses of TOF. (ispub.com)
Therapeutic1
- The therapeutic efficacy of Atracurium can be increased when used in combination with Azlocillin. (drugbank.com)
Medication1
- Atracurium is available as a generic medication. (wikipedia.org)
Laudanosine1
- Indeed, because laudanosine is cleared primarily via renal excretion, a cat study modelling anephric patients went so far as to corroborate that EEG changes, when observed, were evident only at plasma concentrations 8 to 10 times greater than those observed in humans during infusions of atracurium. (wikipedia.org)
Increases3
- amikacin increases effects of atracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. (medscape.com)
- amphotericin B deoxycholate increases effects of atracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. (medscape.com)
- huperzine A increases and atracurium decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. (medscape.com)
India1
- Nasotracheal intubation was done with a size 4 uncuffed endotracheal tube with flexible endoscopic guidance, and after confirmation of correct position of the endotracheal tube, muscle relaxation was achieved with atracurium (Artacil-100, 0.9 % /10 mg /10 ml, Neon Laboratories Ltd, India). (springeropen.com)
Blockade1
- A continuous infusion of atracurium with constant rate can provide stable neuromuscular blockade during the three stages of OLT. (zju.edu.cn)
Respiratory1
- Assess respiratory status continuously throughout therapy with atracurium. (unboundmedicine.com)
Competitively1
- Atracurium antagonizes the neurotransmitter action of acetylcholine by binding competitively with cholinergic receptor sites on the motor end-plate. (aksci.com)
Drug1
- 28 September 2014 - A World Health Organization (WHO) assessment of the cause of the death of 15 children in rural Idleb, northern Syria, has concluded that the most likely cause of the event was the incorrect use of a drug called Atracurium as a diluent for measles/rubella vaccine. (who.int)
Action2
- Administration of anticholinesterase agents (neostigmine, pyridostigmine) may be used to antagonize the action of atracurium once the patient has demonstrated some spontaneous recovery from neuromuscular block. (unboundmedicine.com)
- May enhance the action of neuromuscular blocking agents (e.g. atracurium). (medicscientist.com)
Effects1
- At simultaneous application with atrakury besylate the effects of atracurium besylate are prolonged. (lekarstwo.ru)