Atp dependent endopeptidases. Medical search

An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.

A group of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP. The hydrolysis reaction is usually coupled with another function such as transporting Ca(2+) across a membrane. These enzymes may be dependent on Ca(2+), Mg(2+), anions, H+, or DNA.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A subclass of PEPTIDE HYDROLASES that catalyze the internal cleavage of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS.

Enzyme that is a major constituent of kidney brush-border membranes and is also present to a lesser degree in the brain and other tissues. It preferentially catalyzes cleavage at the amino group of hydrophobic residues of the B-chain of insulin as well as opioid peptides and other biologically active peptides. The enzyme is inhibited primarily by EDTA, phosphoramidon, and thiorphan and is reactivated by zinc. Neprilysin is identical to common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA Antigen), an important marker in the diagnosis of human acute lymphocytic leukemia. There is no relationship with CALLA PLANT.

Any member of the group of ENDOPEPTIDASES containing at the active site a serine residue involved in catalysis.

A potent inhibitor of membrane metalloendopeptidase (ENKEPHALINASE). Thiorphan potentiates morphine-induced ANALGESIA and attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms.

A membrane-bound metalloendopeptidase that may play a role in the degradation or activation of a variety of PEPTIDE HORMONES and INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS. Genetic mutations that result in loss of function of this protein are a cause of HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC RICKETS, X-LINKED DOMINANT.

Compounds which inhibit or antagonize biosynthesis or actions of proteases (ENDOPEPTIDASES).

ENDOPEPTIDASES which have a cysteine involved in the catalytic process. This group of enzymes is inactivated by CYSTEINE PROTEINASE INHIBITORS such as CYSTATINS and SULFHYDRYL REAGENTS.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

ENDOPEPTIDASES which use a metal such as ZINC in the catalytic mechanism.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.

Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.

A biologically active tridecapeptide isolated from the hypothalamus. It has been shown to induce hypotension in the rat, to stimulate contraction of guinea pig ileum and rat uterus, and to cause relaxation of rat duodenum. There is also evidence that it acts as both a peripheral and a central nervous system neurotransmitter.

A 25-kDa peptidase produced by Staphylococcus simulans which cleaves a glycine-glcyine bond unique to an inter-peptide cross-bridge of the STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS cell wall. EC 3.4.24.75.

Exogenous or endogenous compounds which inhibit SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES.

A sub-subclass of endopeptidases that depend on an ASPARTIC ACID residue for their activity.

Peptides composed of two amino acid units.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.

Peptides composed of between two and twelve amino acids.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

A lysosomal cysteine proteinase with a specificity similar to that of PAPAIN. The enzyme is present in a variety of tissues and is important in many physiological and pathological processes. In pathology, cathepsin B has been found to be involved in DEMYELINATION; EMPHYSEMA; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, and NEOPLASM INVASIVENESS.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

A nonapeptide messenger that is enzymatically produced from KALLIDIN in the blood where it is a potent but short-lived agent of arteriolar dilation and increased capillary permeability. Bradykinin is also released from MAST CELLS during asthma attacks, from gut walls as a gastrointestinal vasodilator, from damaged tissues as a pain signal, and may be a neurotransmitter.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

An eleven-amino acid neurotransmitter that appears in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is involved in transmission of PAIN, causes rapid contractions of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, and modulates inflammatory and immune responses.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

Enzymes that act at a free C-terminus of a polypeptide to liberate a single amino acid residue.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.

Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

A sub-class of PEPTIDE HYDROLASES that act only near the ends of polypeptide chains.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from MET-ENKEPHALIN in the LEUCINE at position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.

Multisubunit enzyme complexes that synthesize ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE from energy sources such as ions traveling through channels.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

A subclass of EXOPEPTIDASES that act on the free N terminus end of a polypeptide liberating a single amino acid residue. EC 3.4.11.

A serotype of botulinum toxins that has specificity for cleavage of SYNAPTOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 25.

Aryl CYCLOPENTANES that are a reduced (protonated) form of INDENES.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

A condition of an abnormally low level of PHOSPHATES in the blood.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria widely distributed in SOIL and WATER. Its organisms are also found in raw meats, MILK and other FOOD, hospital environments, and human clinical specimens. Some species are pathogenic in humans.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

Hydrolases that specifically cleave the peptide bonds found in PROTEINS and PEPTIDES. Examples of sub-subclasses for this group include EXOPEPTIDASES and ENDOPEPTIDASES.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

A thermostable extracellular metalloendopeptidase containing four calcium ions. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) 3.4.24.27.

Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.

Derivatives of propionic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxyethane structure.

Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation; HYDROXYLATION; ACETYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; METHYLATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ubiquitination; oxidation; proteolysis; and crosslinking and result in changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

Endoproteases that contain proteolytic core domains and ATPase-containing regulatory domains.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Carboxypeptidases that are primarily found the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM that catalyze the release of C-terminal amino acids. Carboxypeptidases A have little or no activity for hydrolysis of C-terminal ASPARTIC ACID; GLUTAMIC ACID; ARGININE; LYSINE; or PROLINE. This enzyme requires ZINC as a cofactor and was formerly listed as EC 3.4.2.1 and EC 3.4.12.2.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.

A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility.

A hereditary disorder characterized by HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive variants have been reported.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

A peptidyl-dipeptidase that catalyzes the release of a C-terminal dipeptide, -Xaa-*-Xbb-Xcc, when neither Xaa nor Xbb is Pro. It is a Cl(-)-dependent, zinc glycoprotein that is generally membrane-bound and active at neutral pH. It may also have endopeptidase activity on some substrates. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.4.15.1.

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

A family of SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES isolated from Bacillus subtilis. EC 3.4.21.-

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

A zinc containing enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyzes the removal of the N-terminal amino acid from most L-peptides, particularly those with N-terminal leucine residues but not those with N-terminal lysine or arginine residues. This occurs in tissue cell cytosol, with high activity in the duodenum, liver, and kidney. The activity of this enzyme is commonly assayed using a leucine arylamide chromogenic substrate such as leucyl beta-naphthylamide.

A generic term used to describe a group of polypeptides with related chemical structures and pharmacological properties that are widely distributed in nature. These peptides are AUTACOIDS that act locally to produce pain, vasodilatation, increased vascular permeability, and the synthesis of prostaglandins. Thus, they comprise a subset of the large number of mediators that contribute to the inflammatory response. (From Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p588)

A class of cell surface receptors for PURINES that prefer ATP or ADP over ADENOSINE. P2 purinergic receptors are widespread in the periphery and in the central and peripheral nervous system.

Proton-translocating ATPases responsible for ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE synthesis in the MITOCHONDRIA. They derive energy from the respiratory chain-driven reactions that develop high concentrations of protons within the intermembranous space of the mitochondria.

A papain-like cysteine protease that has specificity for amino terminal dipeptides. The enzyme plays a role in the activation of several pro-inflammatory serine proteases by removal of their aminoterminal inhibitory dipeptides. Genetic mutations that cause loss of cathepsin C activity in humans are associated with PAPILLON-LEFEVRE DISEASE.

Amino derivatives of caproic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the amino caproic acid structure.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.

Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.

The extent to which an enzyme retains its structural conformation or its activity when subjected to storage, isolation, and purification or various other physical or chemical manipulations, including proteolytic enzymes and heat.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

An autolytic enzyme bound to the surface of bacterial cell walls. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell wall glycopeptides, particularly peptidoglycan. EC 3.5.1.28.

Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.

Toxic proteins produced from the species CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM. The toxins are synthesized as a single peptide chain which is processed into a mature protein consisting of a heavy chain and light chain joined via a disulfide bond. The botulinum toxin light chain is a zinc-dependent protease which is released from the heavy chain upon ENDOCYTOSIS into PRESYNAPTIC NERVE ENDINGS. Once inside the cell the botulinum toxin light chain cleaves specific SNARE proteins which are essential for secretion of ACETYLCHOLINE by SYNAPTIC VESICLES. This inhibition of acetylcholine release results in muscular PARALYSIS.

Peptides released by NEURONS as intercellular messengers. Many neuropeptides are also hormones released by non-neuronal cells.

Positively charged atoms, radicals or groups of atoms with a valence of plus 2, which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.

A product from the iodination of tyrosine. In the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE), tyrosine is first iodized to monoiodotyrosine.

A family of biologically active peptides sharing a common conserved C-terminal sequence, -Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2, where X is either an aromatic or a branched aliphatic amino acid. Members of this family have been found in mammals, amphibians, and mollusks. Tachykinins have diverse pharmacological actions in the central nervous system and the cardiovascular, genitourinary, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems, as well as in glandular tissues. This diversity of activity is due to the existence of three or more subtypes of tachykinin receptors.

Common name for Ricinus communis, a species in the family EUPHORBIACEAE. It is the source of CASTOR OIL.

A subclass of exopeptidases that includes enzymes which cleave either two or three AMINO ACIDS from the end of a peptide chain.

A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.

A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

A serine endopeptidase that is formed from TRYPSINOGEN in the pancreas. It is converted into its active form by ENTEROPEPTIDASE in the small intestine. It catalyzes hydrolysis of the carboxyl group of either arginine or lysine. EC 3.4.21.4.

A class of organic compounds containing three ring structures, one of which is made up of more than one kind of atom, usually carbon plus another atom. The heterocycle may be either aromatic or nonaromatic

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

A class of nucleotide translocases found abundantly in mitochondria that function as integral components of the inner mitochondrial membrane. They facilitate the exchange of ADP and ATP between the cytosol and the mitochondria, thereby linking the subcellular compartments of ATP production to those of ATP utilization.

Intracellular fluid from the cytoplasm after removal of ORGANELLES and other insoluble cytoplasmic components.

Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

A group of lysosomal proteinases or endopeptidases found in aqueous extracts of a variety of animal tissues. They function optimally within an acidic pH range. The cathepsins occur as a variety of enzyme subtypes including SERINE PROTEASES; ASPARTIC PROTEINASES; and CYSTEINE PROTEASES.

A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.

Sodium excretion by URINATION.

A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.

Zinc-binding metalloproteases that are members of the type II integral membrane metalloproteases. They are expressed by GRANULOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and their precursors as well as by various non-hematopoietic cells. They release an N-terminal amino acid from a peptide, amide or arylamide.

A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.

An actinomycete from which the antibiotics STREPTOMYCIN, grisein, and CANDICIDIN are obtained.

Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of keratin, and of other proteins with subtilisin-like specificity. It hydrolyses peptide amides. Endopeptidase K is from the mold Tritirachium album Limber. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.4.21.64.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

The region of an enzyme that interacts with its substrate to cause the enzymatic reaction.

21-Amino-acid peptides produced by vascular endothelial cells and functioning as potent vasoconstrictors. The endothelin family consists of three members, ENDOTHELIN-1; ENDOTHELIN-2; and ENDOTHELIN-3. All three peptides contain 21 amino acids, but vary in amino acid composition. The three peptides produce vasoconstrictor and pressor responses in various parts of the body. However, the quantitative profiles of the pharmacological activities are considerably different among the three isopeptides.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Components of a cell produced by various separation techniques which, though they disrupt the delicate anatomy of a cell, preserve the structure and physiology of its functioning constituents for biochemical and ultrastructural analysis. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p163)

Minute projections of cell membranes which greatly increase the surface area of the cell.

Synthetic pentapeptide corresponding to the amino acids 32-36 of thymopoietin and exhibiting the full biological activity of the natural hormone. It is an immunomodulator which has been studied for possible use in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, AIDS, and other primary immunodeficiencies.

Multiple erythrocytic antigens that comprise at least three pairs of alternates and amorphs, determined by one complex gene or possibly several genes at closely linked loci. The system is important in transfusion reactions. Its expression involves the X-chromosome.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Physiologically inactive substances that can be converted to active enzymes.

Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Peroxisomal proteostasis involves a Lon family protein that functions as protease and chaperone. (1/1)

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Endopeptidase Clp Clp protease family Varshavsky A (August 2011). "The N-end rule pathway and regulation by proteolysis". ... the ATP-dependent Clp protease adaptor protein ClpS is a bacterial protein. In the bacterial cytosol, ATP-dependent protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP-dependent_Clp_protease_adaptor_protein_ClpS

This protein is an essential component to form the protein complex of Clp protease (Endopeptidase Clp). Enzyme ClpP is a highly ... ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit (ClpP) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CLPP gene. ... Wang J, Hartling JA, Flanagan JM (November 1997). "The structure of ClpP at 2.3 A resolution suggests a model for ATP-dependent ... "Entrez Gene: CLPP ClpP caseinolytic peptidase, ATP-dependent, proteolytic subunit homolog (E. coli)". Katayama-Fujimura Y, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP-dependent_Clp_protease_proteolytic_subunit

Endopeptidase Clp ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit Maurizi MR, Clark WP, Katayama Y, Rudikoff S, Pumphrey J, ... ClpP endopeptidase family, clan SK). ClpP is an ATP-dependent protease that cleaves a number of proteins, such as casein and ... April 2013). "Perrault syndrome is caused by recessive mutations in CLPP, encoding a mitochondrial ATP-dependent chambered ... Bowers B, Gottesman S (July 1990). "Sequence and structure of Clp P, the proteolytic component of the ATP-dependent Clp ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clp_protease_family

... (EC 3.4.21.92, endopeptidase Ti, caseinolytic protease, protease Ti, ATP-dependent Clp protease, ClpP, Clp ... Endopeptidase CLP protease family ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit Gottesman S, Clark WP, Maurizi MR (May 1990 ... Maurizi MR, Thompson MW, Singh SK, Kim SH (1994). "Endopeptidase Clp: ATP-dependent Clp protease from Escherichia coli". ... "The ATP-dependent Clp protease of Escherichia coli. Sequence of clpA and identification of a Clp-specific substrate". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endopeptidase_Clp

ATP-dependent Clp protease ATP-binding subunit clpX-like, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CLPX gene ... Endopeptidase Clp). The knowledge of human ClpX protein are majorly based on the investigations on E. coli protein. The monomer ... ClpP2 ClpX is an ATP-dependent chaperone that can recognize protein substrates by binding to protein degradation tags. These ... ATP binding can stabilize the association between ClpX and ClpP ring structures. In Mycobacteria, the ClpXP protease is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ClpX

ATP-dependent serine proteinase, lon proteinase, protease La, proteinase La, ATP-dependent lon proteinase, ATP-dependent ... A heat-shock gene which encodes the ATP-dependent protease La". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 263 (24): 11718-28. PMID ... Desautels M, Goldberg AL (October 1982). "Demonstration of an ATP-dependent, vanadate-sensitive endoprotease in the matrix of ... Larimore FS, Waxman L, Goldberg AL (April 1982). "Studies of the ATP-dependent proteolytic enzyme, protease La, from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endopeptidase_La

... may refer to: CLP protease family, a family of proteolytic enzymes Endopeptidase Clp, an enzyme complex ATP-dependent Clp ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLPP

... may stand for: CLP protease family, a family of proteolytic enzymes Endopeptidase Clp, an enzyme complex ATP-dependent Clp ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLP

... atp-dependent proteases MeSH D08.811.277.656.149.200 - endopeptidase clp MeSH D08.811.277.656.149.500 - protease la MeSH ... cyclin-dependent kinase 5 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.200.067.900 - cyclin-dependent kinase 9 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682 ... cyclin-dependent kinase 4 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.200.515 - cyclin-dependent kinase 6 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682. ... cyclin-dependent kinase 5 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.750 - cyclin-dependent kinase 2 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D08)

Later, the ATP-dependent proteolytic complex that was responsible for ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation was discovered ... Wilk S, Orlowski M (November 1980). "Cation-sensitive neutral endopeptidase: isolation and specificity of the bovine pituitary ... After a protein has been ubiquitinated, it is recognized by the 19S regulatory particle in an ATP-dependent binding step. The ... Ciehanover A, Hod Y, Hershko A (April 1978). "A heat-stable polypeptide component of an ATP-dependent proteolytic system from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteasome

... is cleaved by several proteases including Separase and Calcium-dependent cysteine endopeptidase Calpain-1 during mitosis ... Opening of this interface is regulated by ATP-binding by the SMC subunits. This causes the ATPase head domains to dimerise and ... October 2015). "Dose-dependent role of the cohesin complex in normal and malignant hematopoiesis". The Journal of Experimental ... Kosugi S, Hasebe M, Tomita M, Yanagawa H (June 2009). "Systematic identification of cell cycle-dependent yeast ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAD21

... encoding enzyme ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX24 DEGS2: encoding protein Delta(4)-desaturase, sphingolipid 2 DLGAP5: Disks ... encoding enzyme Probable O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase PAPOLA: encoding enzyme Poly(A) polymerase alpha PCNX: encoding ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_14

Alongside glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), GLP-1 is an incretin; thus, it has the ability to decrease blood ... Neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP 24.11) is a membrane-bound zinc metallopeptidase widely expressed in several tissues, but ... During the process, influx of glucose ensures sufficient ATP to sustain the stimulatory effect. Additionally, GLP-1 ensures the ... The most noteworthy effect of GLP-1 is its ability to promote insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. As GLP-1 binds ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon-like_peptide-1

ATP-binding cassette, subfamily A, members 5 and 8 ASXL2: Additional sex combs like 2, transcriptional regulator ATRAID: ... U12-dependent splicing) RPL37A: encoding protein 60S ribosomal protein L37a SATB2: Homeobox 2 SCARNA5: Small Cajal body- ... Prolyl endopeptidase-like PXDN: Peroxidasin homolog QPCT: Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase RETSAT: All-trans-retinol 13,14- ... ATP-binding cassette, subfamily A (ABC1), member 12 ACTR1B: encoding protein Beta-centractin AGXT: alanine-glyoxylate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_2

Only two ATP-dependent proteases are found in archaea: the membrane associated LonB protease and a soluble 20S proteosome ... endopeptidases, such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, papain, elastase). Catalysis is achieved by one of two mechanisms: ... Zelisko A, Jackowski G (October 2004). "Senescence-dependent degradation of Lhcb3 is mediated by a thylakoid membrane-bound ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protease

SbtB not only takes part in the binding process of ATP and ADP, but is also the first ever known protein to bind the nucleotide ... It acts as a post-translational regulator (inhibitor) of the SbtA protein (one of the three sodium-dependant bicarbonate (Na+/ ... "AmiGO 2: Term Details for "serine-type endopeptidase activity" (GO:0004252)". Amigo. Gene Ontology Consortium. Retrieved 2018- ... ScSbtB has shown to bind ATP, ADP and cAMP with dissociation constants (Kd) of 46, 19, and 11 μM respectively. The ring opened ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SbtB_protein

Brody I, Ronquist G, Gottfries A, Stegmayr B (1981). "Abnormal deficiency of both Mg2+ and Ca2+-dependent adenosine ... Ronquist G (1988). "Zinc ion stimulation of ATP cleavage by prostasomes from human seminal plasma". Urologia Internationalis. ... neutral endopeptidase, CD10); angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE, CD143); tissue factor TF (CD142, thromboplastin); decay ... ATP)". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 1830 (10): 4604-10. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.05.019. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostasomes

Then, the hexameric ATPase (of the AAA type) called NSF catalyzes the ATP-dependent unfolding of the SNARE proteins and ... The light chain has zinc-dependent endopeptidase or more specifically matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity through which ... The ATP hydrolysis-coupled dissociation of SNARE complexes is an energy investment that can be compared to "cocking the gun" so ... The light chain of BoNT acts as a metalloprotease on SNARE proteins that is dependent on Zn(II) ions, cleaving them and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNARE_(protein)

Ste24 endopeptidase EC 3.4.24.85: S2P endopeptidase EC 3.4.24.86: ADAM 17 endopeptidase EC 3.4.24.87: ADAMTS13 endopeptidase EC ... ADP-dependent short-chain-acyl-CoA hydrolase EC 3.1.2.19: ADP-dependent medium-chain-acyl-CoA hydrolase EC 3.1.2.20: acyl-CoA ... phosphoribosyl-ATP diphosphatase EC 3.6.1.32: Now EC 3.6.4.1, myosin ATPase EC 3.6.1.33: Now EC 3.6.4.2, dynein ATPase EC 3.6. ... Ste24 endopeptidase EC 3.4.24.85: S2P endopeptidase EC 3.4.24.86: ADAM 17 endopeptidase EC 3.4.24.87: ADAMTS13 endopeptidase EC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)

... are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process ... "Constitutive and interferon-gamma-induced expression of the human proteasome subunit multicatalytic endopeptidase complex-like ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSMB10

ClpP caseinolytic protease, ATP-dependent, proteolytic subunit homolog. *endopeptidase Clp. *PRLTS3. *putative ATP-dependent ... Perrault syndrome is caused by recessive mutations in CLPP, encoding a mitochondrial ATP-dependent chambered protease. Am J Hum ... ClpXP, an ATP-powered unfolding and protein-degradation machine. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Jan;1823(1):15-28. doi: 10.1016/j. ... ClpP: a distinctive family of cylindrical energy-dependent serine proteases. FEBS Lett. 2007 Jul 31;581(19):3749-57. doi: ...

https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/clpp/

GO:0008026 F:ATP-dependent helicase activity GO:0004197 F:cysteine-type endopeptidase activity ...

https://tcdb.org/search/result.php?tc=1.A.53.1.5

ATP-dependent endopeptidases Descripteur en anglais: ATP-Dependent Endopeptidases Descripteur en espagnol: Endopeptidasas ATP- ... ATP-dependent endopeptidases - Concept préféré Concept UI. M0095032. Terme préféré. ATP-dependent endopeptidases ... endopeptidasas dependientes del ATP. Note dapplication:. Endoproteasas que contienen dominios centrales proteolíticos y ... Endoprotéases ATP-dépendantes. Code(s) darborescence:. D08.811.277.040.013.500.032.099. D08.811.277.040.025.024.032.099. ...

https://decs.bvsalud.org/fr/ths/resource/?id=53596

Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex Medicine & Life Sciences 89% * ATP dependent 26S protease Medicine & Life Sciences 80% ... in a transcription-dependent fashion. The appearance of the proteasome on these inducible genes correlates with both the ... in a transcription-dependent fashion. The appearance of the proteasome on these inducible genes correlates with both the ... in a transcription-dependent fashion. The appearance of the proteasome on these inducible genes correlates with both the ...

https://asu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/physical-and-functional-association-of-rna-polymerase-ii-and-the-

In addition, ATP from substrate phosphorylation was presumed to be a critical factor regulation of the global resource ... Proteases involved in the UPS, such as proteasome complexes and endopeptidase complexes, are also ATP-dependent and are ... In addition, levels of other ATP-dependent enzymes, such as HK, PFK and ATP citrate lyase (ACL) that play important roles in ... Here, we found that UBA1 is ATP dependent [70]; therefore, when ATP decreased to a threshold level, it inhibits UBA1 activity ...

https://biotechnologyforbiofuels.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13068-020-01757-1

EC 3.4.21.- Serine endopeptidase (1). Proteolysis in bacteria, ATP-dependent (12). ... ATP-dependent@^ATP-dependent Clp protease ATP-binding subunit [email protected]^fig,[email protected]~Protein [email protected]^Protein ... ATP-dependent@^ATP-dependent Clp protease ATP-binding subunit [email protected]^fig,[email protected]~Protein [email protected]^Protein ... ATP-dependent@^ATP-dependent hsl protease ATP-binding subunit [email protected]^fig,[email protected]~Protein [email protected]^Protein ...

https://pubseed.theseed.org/FIG/seedviewer.cgi?page=Organism&organism=216591.1

Endopeptidases Dependentes de ATP. ATP-Dependent Endopeptidases. Endopeptidasas ATP-Dependientes. Histona Desacetilase 1. ... Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 3. Quinasa 3 Dependiente de la Ciclina. Quinase 8 Dependente de Ciclina. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8. ... Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 3. Quinasa 3 Dependiente de la Ciclina. Quinase 8 Dependente de Ciclina. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8. ... Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8. Quinasa 8 Dependiente de la Ciclina. Subunidade 1 do Complexo Mediador. Mediator Complex Subunit 1. ...

https://decs.bvs.br/P/new_2010.htm

Protease subunit of ATP-dependent Clp proteases. cog/ cog. proteolysis. go/ biological_process. endopeptidase Clp activity. go ... ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit (NCBI). 223, 271. PA1805. ppiD. peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase D (NCBI). ...

http://networks.systemsbiology.net/pae/gene/PA1801

Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex 100% * ATP dependent 26S protease 36% * Peptide Hydrolases 28% ...

https://utsouthwestern.pure.elsevier.com/en/organisations/physiology-division-b-2/fingerprints/

"Probable ATP-dependent CLP protease proteolytic subunit 1 ClpP1 (endopeptidase CLP) [Ensembl]. Clp protease [Interproscan]." " ... ","Adenylate cyclase (ATP pyrophosphate-lyase) (adenylyl cyclase) [Ensembl]. Adenylate and Guanylate cyclase catalytic domain [ ...

https://bacteria.sbs.ntu.edu.sg/cluster/download/376

... and glycopeptides ATP-dependent Clp endopeptidase, proteolytic subunit ClpP (TIGR00493; EC 3.4.21.92; HMM-score: 63.1) ...

https://aureowiki.med.uni-greifswald.de/NWMN_1897

... a TonB-dependent siderophore, an ABC-transporter ATP-binding protein, a methyltransferase, a BolA-family transcriptional ... The genes for HMW1, HMW2, H. influenzae adhesin, a IgA-specific serine endopeptidase autotransporter precursor, ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/?lang=pt&q=mh:Haemophilus+influenzae/isolamento+%26+purifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o

ENDOPEPTIDASE 5.0 ATP DEPENDENT PROTEASE 4.7 CYTOPLASM 3.5 SER PROTEASE 3.5 PROTEOLYSIS 3.5 HETEROCOMPLEX 3.5 ENZYME CATALYSIS ... ATP DEPENDENT CLP PROTEASE PROTEOLYTIC SUBUNIT 1.7 CYTOSOL 1.7 CHAPERON 1.7 ALPHA BETA HALF SANDWICH 1.5 PEPTIDE SUBSTRATE 1.2 ... ATP BINDING 7.4 PEPTIDASE 6.7 CLP PROTEASE 6.4 DEGRADATION 6.4 ANTIMICROBIAL 6.4 AGONIST 5.9 ZYMOGEN 5.9 WHOLE PROTEOME 5.9 ... ENDOPEPTIDASE CLP 13.9 CASEINOLYTIC PROTEASE 11.4 VIRULENCE FACTOR 11.4 REGULATION 11.4 CLP PROTEASE FAMILY 11.1 STRESS ...

https://lcb.infotech.monash.edu/prosodic/scop95/topkeywds/c_0052_hifreq_phrases.html

Endopeptidase La Active Synonym false false 209909011 ATP-dependent protease La Active Synonym false false ...

https://phinvads.cdc.gov/vads/ViewCodeSystemConcept.action?oid=2.16.840.1.113883.6.96&code=130612004

ATP-dependent peptidase activity (GO:0004176), metalloendopeptidase activity (GO:0004222), ATP binding (GO:0005524). ... This group of metallopeptidases belong to MEROPS peptidase family M41 (FtsH endopeptidase family, clan MA(E)). The predicted ... FtsH is an integral membrane protein, which seems to act as an ATP-dependent zinc metallopeptidase that binds one zinc ion. ... which is a putative ATP-dependent protease required for assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and ATPase complexes. ...

https://smart.embl.de/smart/do_annotation.pl?DOMAIN=Pfam:Peptidase_M41&START=541&END=746&E_VALUE=7e-75&TYPE=PFAM&BLAST=HTFNFEYAVERVIAGTAKKSKILSKEEQRVVAFHESGHALVGWLLEHTEAVMKVSIAPRTNAALGFSQMLPRDQYLFTKEQLFERMCMALGGRAAEAISFSRVTSGAQDDLRKVTRIAYSMVKQFGMAPSIGPVSFPEAQEGLMGIGRRPFSQGLQQMMDHEAKLLVAKAYRHTEKVLLDNLDKLQALANALLEKEVINYEDIEAL

negative regulation of ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity GO:1902450 * negative regulation of Type III site-specific ... negative regulation of serine-type endopeptidase activity GO:1900004 * negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA ...

https://bio2vec.cbrc.kaust.edu.sa/bio2vec/details/1?iri=GO:0032074

endopeptidase la (ATP-dependent protease la 1). NC_011969:4140000:4164738. NC_011969:4140000. Bacillus cereus Q1 chromosome, ... S16 family endopeptidase La. NC_016843:1:15748. NC_016843:1. Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue str. Gauthier chromosome,. ... S16 family endopeptidase La. NC_021508:12543:15743. NC_021508:12543. Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum SS14, complete genome. ... S16 family endopeptidase La. NC_016848:12548:15748. NC_016848:12548. Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue str. CDC2 chromosome, ...

http://pregi.bi.up.ac.za/pre_gi_cds_desc.php?cds_desc=Endopeptidase%20La

Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex 100% * Mitochondrial Dynamics 19% * Proteins 7% * Phosphotransferases 6% * ATP dependent 26S ...

https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/organisations/albert-einstein-college-of-medicine/projects/?status=FINISHED&ordering=endDate&descending=false&page=47

In the present study, first, we found that GA could inhibit the proliferation of BmNPV in a dose-dependent manner and delay the ... Predominant downregulation of GOs represents serine-type endopeptidases, structural constituents of ribosomes and integral ... membrane components and differential upregulation of ATP binding, nucleus and translation, while up-regulation of nucleic acid ... Ingestion of a defensin from Capsicum annuum (CanDef-20) induced a dose-dependent reduction in larval and pupal mass, delayed ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/?lang=pt&q=mh:Prote%C3%ADnas+de+Insetos

https://decs2011.bvsalud.org/P/new_2010.htm

ATP-Dependent Endopeptidases. Endopeptidases Dependentes de ATP. Endopeptidasas ATP-Dependientes. Aspartic Acid Proteases. ... Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8. Quinase 8 Dependente de Ciclina. Quinasa 8 Dependiente de la Ciclina. ... Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 3. Quinase 3 Dependente de Ciclina. Quinasa 3 Dependiente de la Ciclina. ... Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8. Quinase 8 Dependente de Ciclina. Quinasa 8 Dependiente de la Ciclina. ...

https://decs2019.bvsalud.org/I/new_2010.htm

https://decs2016.bvsalud.org/P/new_2010.htm

https://decs2020.bvsalud.org/I/new_2010.htm

https://decs2015.bvsalud.org/I/new_2010.htm

https://decs2017.bvsalud.org/I/new_2010.htm

https://decs2018.bvsalud.org/I/new_2010.htm

https://decs2012.bvsalud.org/I/new_2010.htm

https://decs2010.bvsalud.org/I/new_2010.htm

https://decs2013.bvsalud.org/I/new_2010.htm

https://decs2014.bvsalud.org/P/new_2010.htm

ClpP: a distinctive family of cylindrical energy-dependent serine proteases. (medlineplus.gov)
NS3 plays a central role in the flavivirus life cycle: the NS3 N-terminal serine protease together with its essential cofactor NS2B is involved in the processing of the polyprotein, whereas the NS3 C-terminal NTPase/helicase is responsible for ATP-dependent RNA strand separation during replication. (ox.ac.uk)
Binding to serine 65-phosphorylated ubiquitin primes Parkin for optimal PINK1-dependent phosphorylation and activation. (paperbase.net)

This family includes the cell division protein FtsH, and the yeast mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes assembly protein, which is a putative ATP-dependent protease required for assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and ATPase complexes. (embl.de)

Perrault syndrome is caused by recessive mutations in CLPP, encoding a mitochondrial ATP-dependent chambered protease. (medlineplus.gov)

phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)

This group of metallopeptidases belong to MEROPS peptidase family M41 (FtsH endopeptidase family, clan MA(E)). The predicted active site residues for members of this family and thermolysin, the type example for clan MA, occur in the motif HEXXH. (embl.de)
FtsH is an integral membrane protein, which seems to act as an ATP-dependent zinc metallopeptidase that binds one zinc ion. (embl.de)

In addition, ATP from substrate phosphorylation was presumed to be a critical factor regulation of the global resource allocation and fatty acids' synthesis rate. (biomedcentral.com)
Parkin is activated by PINK1-dependent phosphorylation of ubiquitin at Ser65. (paperbase.net)

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=17350041&query_hl=4&itool=pubmed_DocSum] Kiss AL, Hornung B, Rádi K, Gengeliczki Z, Sztáray B, Juhász T, Szeltner Z, Harmat V, Polgár L. "The acylaminoacyl peptidase from Aeropyrum pernix K1 thought to be an exopeptidase displays endopeptidase activity. (kenyon.edu)

Phosphate bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) carry the energy required for all cellular functions. (medscape.com)

Launch The purinergic P2X receptors (P2RXs) made up of seven associates in vertebrates, termed P2RX1-7, certainly are a category of ligand-gated membrane ion stations that open up in response towards the binding of extracellular ATP [1]. (exposed-skin-care.net)

La fonction primaire de ce nano-moteur est le transport actif (ATP-d pendant) de proton. (unis-neuro.com)
Le couplage entre l hydrolyse de l ATP et le transport de proton par la V-ATPase joue un r le crucial dans l acidification des v sicules synaptiques et ainsi dans leur charge en neurotransmetteurs. (unis-neuro.com)

ATP-gated P2X7 receptor (P2RX7) channel is normally an essential component for purinergic signaling and plays essential roles in the innate immune system response in mammals. (exposed-skin-care.net)

We now find yet another intersection of these pathways by showing that the 26S proteasome associates with regions of the GAL1, GAL10, and HSP82 genes, including the 3′ ends, in a transcription-dependent fashion. (elsevier.com)

Symptoms of hypophosphatemia are nonspecific and highly dependent on cause, duration, and severity. (medscape.com)

Obtainable literature has noted that seabream P2RX7 displays different agonist (ATP/BzATP)-evoked pharmacological replies from mammalian and zebrafish P2RX7s [19], recommending species distinctions of P2RX7 in agonist/antagonist actions may can be found in teleost. (exposed-skin-care.net)

A holin and an endopeptidase are essential for chitinolytic protein secretion in Serratia marcescens. (paperbase.net)

Furthermore, P2RX7 PF-03084014 needs at least a 100-flip higher ATP focus for activation than is necessary for various other P2XRs, and removal of divalent cations can boost its agonist strength [4]. (exposed-skin-care.net)

Perrault syndrome is caused by recessive mutations in CLPP, encoding a mitochondrial ATP-dependent chambered protease. (medlineplus.gov)
An ATP-dependent protease found in prokaryotes, CHLOROPLASTS , and MITOCHONDRIA . (bvsalud.org)
The stress-induced ClpXP protease is a member of the ATP-dependent proteases, which are known to be responsible for more than 90% of all proteolysis in Escherichia coli. (unboundmedicine.com)

Peroxynitrite can inhibit the mitochondrial respiratory string, which implicates the participation of ATP reduction and eventually prospects to irreversible mobile harm20, 21. (acmbcb.org)
It has been reported that genetically identical eukaryotic cells show significant cell-to-cell variability of cellular mitochondrial mass caused by inhomogeneous distribution of mitochondria during cell department [9] which presumably leads to differing [ATP]i between cells from the same inhabitants. (cancerhugs.com)
Expression of nuclear and mitochondrial genes encoding ATP synthase is synchronized by disassembly of a multisynthetase complex. (cnrs.fr)

The Deg/HtrA family of ATP-independent serine endopeptidases is present in nearly all organisms from bacteria to human and vascular plants. (biomedcentral.com)
They are ATP-independent serine endopeptidases found in all domains of life, including Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. (biomedcentral.com)

EPR spectroscopy of surface mutants of the complex containing a covalently bound spin label at distinct positions demonstrates NADH-dependent conformational changes in both arms of the complex. (labome.org)
Steuber J. The C-terminally truncated NuoL subunit (ND5 homologue) of the Na+-dependent complex I from Escherichia coli transports Na+. (labome.org)
This particle recognizes the N-terminal signal-sequence of the nascent polypeptide chain and then transports it to the ER membrane where the complex, consisting of SRP, polypeptide chain and ribosome, is recognized by the ER membrane bound signal recognition particle receptor (SR). After this recognition the polypeptide chain is imported into the ER lumen via the SEC channel in an ATP dependent process. (tu-muenchen.de)

The interaction of this signal with 26S proteasomes is modulated by ATP hydrolysis. (nih.gov)
In each hydrolysis step, ATP is required. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
ATP hydrolysis activity and polymerization state of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase activase. (usda.gov)

Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. (nih.gov)
The results suggest that Sem1, possibly hDSS1, is a novel subunit of the 26 S proteasome and plays a role in ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. (labome.org)
Hence the Ubiquitin-Activating Enzyme (UbA1 also called E1) initiates the ubiquitination cascade by catalyzing the ATP-dependent adenylation from the Ub C-terminus (stage I). The high-energy anhydride connection thus formed is normally attacked with the E1 energetic site cysteine (C632 in individual UbA1) developing a thioester connection between E1 and Ub (stage II). (schwitzbiotech.com)

Prolonged mitotic arrest results in mitophagy-dependent loss of mitochondria, accompanied by reduced ATP levels and the activation of AMPK. (sebbm.es)

prolyl endopeptidase [Sorangium cellulos. (virginia.edu)
prolyl endopeptidase [Cupriavidus taiwan. (virginia.edu)
Under normoxia, HIF1a is usually hydroxylated on many proline residues, within an oxygen-dependent response [38], by a family group of prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs). (welbourneprimary.com)

Phosphate bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) carry the energy required for all cellular functions. (medscape.com)

In order to gain a deeper understanding of the developing lung, we applied an activity-based chemoproteomics approach for the functional characterization of the xenometabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes, active ATP and nucleotide binding enzymes, and serine hydrolases using a suite of activity-based probes (ABPs). (nih.gov)

ClpP: a distinctive family of cylindrical energy-dependent serine proteases. (medlineplus.gov)

Our results suggest that productive recognition of the proteolytic signal, as well as proteasome assembly and substrate unfolding, are ATP-dependent events. (nih.gov)
The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. (abcam.cn)

using our ATP-ABP, we characterized a wide range of ATPases and other active nucleotide- and nucleic acid-binding enzymes involved in multiple facets of cellular metabolism throughout development. (nih.gov)

The sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) detects cytosolic DNA and synthesizes the second messenger 2′3′-cGAMP from ATP and GTP. (elifesciences.org)
ATP synthase peripheral stalk subuni. (gsea-msigdb.org)

As the ATP risk signal triggered IL-33 discharge from basal airway epithelial cells (10), the results supplied a pathway from APEC extension to elevated basal cell appearance and discharge of IL-33 to cause a sort 2 immune system response. (stemcellethics.net)
Silencing of Velo led to constitutive expression of the IMD pathway dependent antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and Escherichia coli stimulation further enhanced the AMP expression. (cnrs.fr)
Epistatic analysis indicated that Velo knock-down mediated AMP upregulation is dependent on the canonical members of the IMD pathway. (cnrs.fr)

产品介绍】CLPP belongs to the peptidase family S14 and hydrolyzes proteins into small peptides in the presence of ATP and magnesium. (fortunebio-tech.com)
DG may also activate Ca 2+ ‐ and phospholipid‐dependent protein kinase, leading to phosphorylation of membrane proteins. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
A diverse family of proteins involved in ATP-dependent RNA or DNA. (systemsbiology.net)
Mutations in the ATP-binding sites of individual Rpt proteins all reduced the affinity of 19S complexes for the ER, suggesting that the 19S base in the ATP-bound conformation docks at the Sec61 channel. (labome.org)
Calcium-dependent proteins kinase 1 (CDPK1) represents a appealing medication focus on, as CDPK1 is probable descended in the place lineage of and therefore is normally absent from mammalian hosts (18,C21). (multicongress.org)

C) CellTiter-Glo (ATP-based) assay 48 hours +/- doxycyline as a measure of cell viability. (bioscinet.org)

The post-translational import to the ER lumen is done by chaperons which guide the polypeptide chain to the SEC channel which is then imported in an ATP dependent process. (tu-muenchen.de)

ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [Sin. (virginia.edu)
sugar uptake ABC transporter ATP-binding. (virginia.edu)

CDPK1 activity is vital for microneme secretion, web host cell invasion, and egress of (18, 22, 23) and will end up being selectively targeted with a course of ATP-competitive substances, collectively called bumped kinase inhibitors (BKIs). (multicongress.org)
Furthermore, the reduced amount of reporter activity of promoter due to DACH1 overexpression happened within a dosage-dependent way (Fig. (researchreport-digital.com)
their energy production is derived largely from glycolysis DSP-0565 rather than oxidative phosphorylation, and low activity of the learn metabolic regulator AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) reduces p53 levels and activates anabolic factors, such as acetyl CoA. (biogeology.org)
Variation in metabolic activity results in fluctuation of [ATP]i. (cancerhugs.com)

evaluation shows that WRNIP1 binds to forked DNA that mimics stalled replication forks within an ATP-dependent way (Yoshimura et?al. (yearofevolution.org)

Many TKIs are little molecules specifically concentrating on the MET kinase site, PR22 such as for example ATP-competitive inhibitors [28]. (welbourneprimary.com)

Basal (D), optimum (E) ATP-dependent/oligomycin inhibitable (F) respiration and reserve capability (G) were computed in the OCR traces matching to each substrate as depicted in A-C. Beliefs will be the mean SE of observations created from 15C30 wells from two split tests. (sc-26196.com)
Oxidative respiration is replaced by glycolysis owing to AMPK-dependent phosphorylation of PFKFB3 and increased production of this protein as a consequence of mitotic-specific translational activation of its mRNA. (sebbm.es)

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. (systemsbiology.net)
They offer the proteasome framework, interact with regulatory things and elements, such as the 19S ATP-dependent regulator, and control the gain access to of protein into the catalytic holding chamber [19]. (cancerhugs.com)

An oxygen-dependent killing assay using hydrogen peroxide and paraquat (a superoxide anion generator) and a serum killing assay using murine serum demonstrated that all of the serovar Typhimurium Delta clpP and Delta clpX mutants were as resistant to these killing mechanisms as the wild-type strain. (unboundmedicine.com)

ClpXP, an ATP-powered unfolding and protein-degradation machine. (medlineplus.gov)

Zaiad Abassi, "Pulmonary and renal neutral endopeptidase EC3.4.24.11 in rats with experimental heart failure. (nih.gov)
Renal kallikrein secretion is definitely accelerated by potassium and ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) route blockers, such as for example PNU-37883A. (cell-signaling-pathways.com)

Examples include ATP, NAD, NADP and S-adenosylmethionine, as well as a number of vitamins, such as riboflavin (vitamin B1) and thiamine (vitamin B2). (guidetopharmacology.org)

Cell sorting enriches Escherichia coli mutants that rely on peptidoglycan endopeptidases to suppress highly aberrant morphologies. (uams.edu)

We recently showed that peanut protein in household dust is usually positively correlated with household peanut consumption.16 In addition, we showed Iressa ic50 that peanut protein in dust activates basophils from children with peanut allergy in a dose-dependent manner and is thus biologically active.16 We hypothesized that peanut sensitization can occur through presentation of environmental peanut antigen through an impaired skin barrier to underlying antigen-presenting cells. (columbiagypsy.net)

RGD-dependent binding of TP508 to integrin alphavbeta3 mediates cell adhesion and induction of nitric oxide. (vanderbilt.edu)
ATP binding cassette subfamily C mem. (gsea-msigdb.org)

Endopeptidases" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uams.edu)

ATP-dependent Ca-uptake by rat vas deferens smooth muscle microsomes: properties of oxalate stimulated and oxalate-independent Ca-uptake. (mcmaster.ca)
In "white" cells light-dependent 0 2-uptake is also observed. (mpg.de)
The FH null cells showed a substantial metabolic reorganization of their intracellular metabolic fluxes to fulfill their high ATP demand, as observed by a high rate of glucose uptake, increased glucose turnover via glycolysis, high production of glucose-derived lactate, and low entry of glucose carbon into the Krebs cycle. (biogeology.org)

Next we compared gene expression profiles of Foxp3+ Treg subsets (+) of different maturity (24lo, 24int, 24hi) and could identify a set of genes that were specifically up or downregulated in Foxp3+ Tregs, but not in Foxp3- conventional T cells, in a maturation-dependent manner. (gsea-msigdb.org)

Cellular fitness is often measured by quantifying ATP levels (e.g. (cancerhugs.com)
Due to its simple accessibility e.g. by an ATP-dependent luciferase-luciferin reaction [ATP]i has been a long-serving indicator of cellular viability. (cancerhugs.com)

Rubin D, Glickman M, Larsen C, Dhruvakumar S, Finley D. Active site mutants in the six regulatory particle ATPases reveal multiple roles for ATP in the proteasome. (labome.org)

ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease FTSH 7, chloroplastic OS=Oryza sativa subsp. (ntu.edu.sg)

Vesicle budding from the tER is an ATP-dependent process. (nih.gov)

En esas condiciones, una ruta molecular en la que intervienen AMPK y PFKFB3 induce la glucólisis y las células paradas en mitosis muestran unos requerimientos aumentados a la glucosa, una adición que puede tener implicaciones en terapia del cáncer. (sebbm.es)

In summary, ATP promotes protein breakdown by the proteasome through multiple mechanisms, as reflected by the diverse phenotypes of the rpt mutants. (labome.org)

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, SARS-CoV-like / Nonstructural protein 15, middle domain, alpha/betacoronavirus / Nonstructural protein 14, betacoronavirus / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp15 N-terminal oligomerization domain profile. (pdbj.org)
Coronavirus Nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain profile. (pdbj.org)

The enzyme degraded casein, but of the 11 synthetic endopeptidase substrates tested, only benzyloxycarbonyl-leucine-leucine-glutamic acid-beta-napthylamide was hydrolyzed at measurable rates. (usda.gov)

Anatomy11

Organisms13

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs92

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Phenomena and Processes32

Information Science3

Health Care1

Peroxisomal proteostasis involves a Lon family protein that functions as protease and chaperone. (1/1)

Adenosine Triphosphate

Adenosine Triphosphatases

Kinetics

Endopeptidases

Neprilysin

Serine Endopeptidases

Thiorphan

PHEX Phosphate Regulating Neutral Endopeptidase

Protease Inhibitors

Cysteine Endopeptidases

Molecular Sequence Data

Metalloendopeptidases

Amino Acid Sequence

Substrate Specificity

Hydrolysis

Glycopeptides

Neurotensin

Lysostaphin

Serine Proteinase Inhibitors

Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases

Dipeptides

Base Sequence

Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

Binding Sites

Atrial Natriuretic Factor

Oligopeptides

Cells, Cultured

Thiazepines

Cell Line

Calcium

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

Peptide Fragments

Recombinant Proteins

Peptides

Cathepsin B

Mutation

Protein Binding

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel

Bradykinin

Signal Transduction

Substance P

Cloning, Molecular

Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

Carboxypeptidases

Cell Membrane

Enzyme Activation

Adenosine Diphosphate

Kidney

Exopeptidases

Escherichia coli

Enkephalin, Leucine

ATP Synthetase Complexes

Rabbits

Aminopeptidases

Botulinum Toxins, Type A

Indans

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

Hypophosphatemia

Time Factors

Flavobacterium

RNA, Messenger

Molecular Weight

Peptide Hydrolases

Bacterial Proteins

Thermolysin

Peptidoglycan

Enzyme Inhibitors

Propionates

Protein Processing, Post-Translational

Cattle

ATP-Dependent Endopeptidases

Phosphorylation

Membrane Proteins

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Carboxypeptidases A

Protein Precursors

Mice, Knockout

Transfection

Swine