Joints
Finger Joint
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Ankle Joint
Hip Joint
Tarsal Joints
Brain Mapping
Wrist Joint
Joint Capsule
Brain
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.
Photic Stimulation
Visual Cortex
Electroencephalography
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Epilepsies, Partial
Conditions characterized by recurrent paroxysmal neuronal discharges which arise from a focal region of the brain. Partial seizures are divided into simple and complex, depending on whether consciousness is unaltered (simple partial seizure) or disturbed (complex partial seizure). Both types may feature a wide variety of motor, sensory, and autonomic symptoms. Partial seizures may be classified by associated clinical features or anatomic location of the seizure focus. A secondary generalized seizure refers to a partial seizure that spreads to involve the brain diffusely. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp317)
Joint Instability
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities, trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)
Parietal Lobe
Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Encephalocele
Brain tissue herniation through a congenital or acquired defect in the skull. The majority of congenital encephaloceles occur in the occipital or frontal regions. Clinical features include a protuberant mass that may be pulsatile. The quantity and location of protruding neural tissue determines the type and degree of neurologic deficit. Visual defects, psychomotor developmental delay, and persistent motor deficits frequently occur.
Hemianopsia
Partial or complete loss of vision in one half of the visual field(s) of one or both eyes. Subtypes include altitudinal hemianopsia, characterized by a visual defect above or below the horizontal meridian of the visual field. Homonymous hemianopsia refers to a visual defect that affects both eyes equally, and occurs either to the left or right of the midline of the visual field. Binasal hemianopsia consists of loss of vision in the nasal hemifields of both eyes. Bitemporal hemianopsia is the bilateral loss of vision in the temporal fields. Quadrantanopsia refers to loss of vision in one quarter of the visual field in one or both eyes.
Foot Joints
Evoked Potentials, Visual
Visual Perception
Cerebral Cortex
Functional Laterality
Shoulder Joint
Spinal Nerves
Joint Prosthesis
Temporal Lobe
Blindness
Temporomandibular Joint Disc
Acromioclavicular Joint
Skull Fractures
Fractures of the skull which may result from penetrating or nonpenetrating head injuries or rarely BONE DISEASES (see also FRACTURES, SPONTANEOUS). Skull fractures may be classified by location (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, BASILAR), radiographic appearance (e.g., linear), or based upon cranial integrity (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, DEPRESSED).
Alpha Rhythm
Osteoarthritis
A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.
Headache
Meningocele
Pattern Recognition, Visual
Cranial Sinuses
Large endothelium-lined venous channels situated between the two layers of DURA MATER, the endosteal and the meningeal layers. They are devoid of valves and are parts of the venous system of dura mater. Major cranial sinuses include a postero-superior group (such as superior sagittal, inferior sagittal, straight, transverse, and occipital) and an antero-inferior group (such as cavernous, petrosal, and basilar plexus).
Frontal Lobe
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.
Dandy-Walker Syndrome
A congenital abnormality of the central nervous system marked by failure of the midline structures of the cerebellum to develop, dilation of the fourth ventricle, and upward displacement of the transverse sinuses, tentorium, and torcula. Clinical features include occipital bossing, progressive head enlargement, bulging of anterior fontanelle, papilledema, ataxia, gait disturbances, nystagmus, and intellectual compromise. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp294-5)
Cluster Headache
A primary headache disorder that is characterized by severe, strictly unilateral PAIN which is orbital, supraorbital, temporal or in any combination of these sites, lasting 15-180 min. occurring 1 to 8 times a day. The attacks are associated with one or more of the following, all of which are ipsilateral: conjunctival injection, lacrimation, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, facial SWEATING, eyelid EDEMA, and miosis. (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)
Visual Pathways
Sternoclavicular Joint
Cartilage, Articular
Synovial Fluid
Epilepsy, Reflex
A subtype of epilepsy characterized by seizures that are consistently provoked by a certain specific stimulus. Auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimuli as well as the acts of writing, reading, eating, and decision making are examples of events or activities that may induce seizure activity in affected individuals. (From Neurol Clin 1994 Feb;12(1):57-8)
Face
Biomechanical Phenomena
Phosphenes
Attention
Cranial Fossa, Posterior
The infratentorial compartment that contains the CEREBELLUM and BRAIN STEM. It is formed by the posterior third of the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid (SPHENOID BONE), by the occipital, the petrous, and mastoid portions of the TEMPORAL BONE, and the posterior inferior angle of the PARIETAL BONE.
Synovitis
Agnosia
Loss of the ability to comprehend the meaning or recognize the importance of various forms of stimulation that cannot be attributed to impairment of a primary sensory modality. Tactile agnosia is characterized by an inability to perceive the shape and nature of an object by touch alone, despite unimpaired sensation to light touch, position, and other primary sensory modalities.
Tomography, Emission-Computed
Synovial Membrane
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Range of Motion, Articular
Psychomotor Performance
Visual Fields
Scalp
Magnetoencephalography
The measurement of magnetic fields over the head generated by electric currents in the brain. As in any electrical conductor, electric fields in the brain are accompanied by orthogonal magnetic fields. The measurement of these fields provides information about the localization of brain activity which is complementary to that provided by ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY. Magnetoencephalography may be used alone or together with electroencephalography, for measurement of spontaneous or evoked activity, and for research or clinical purposes.
Parietal Bone
Arthritis, Experimental
Arthrography
Nerve Net
A meshlike structure composed of interconnecting nerve cells that are separated at the synaptic junction or joined to one another by cytoplasmic processes. In invertebrates, for example, the nerve net allows nerve impulses to spread over a wide area of the net because synapses can pass information in any direction.
Arthritis, Infectious
Posterior Cerebral Artery
Skull Base
Analysis of Variance
Nerve Block
Osteoarthritis, Knee
Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)
Neuropsychological Tests
Carpal Joints
Hallucinations
Cervical Vertebrae
Tectum Mesencephali
Movement
The act, process, or result of passing from one place or position to another. It differs from LOCOMOTION in that locomotion is restricted to the passing of the whole body from one place to another, while movement encompasses both locomotion but also a change of the position of the whole body or any of its parts. Movement may be used with reference to humans, vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and microorganisms. Differentiate also from MOTOR ACTIVITY, movement associated with behavior.
Oxygen
Headache Disorders
Various conditions with the symptom of HEADACHE. Headache disorders are classified into major groups, such as PRIMARY HEADACHE DISORDERS (based on characteristics of their headache symptoms) and SECONDARY HEADACHE DISORDERS (based on their etiologies). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)
Electric Stimulation Therapy
Migraine Disorders
A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtypes are common migraine (without aura) and classic migraine (with aura or neurological symptoms). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)
Epilepsy
A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)
Treatment Outcome
Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.
Head
Arnold-Chiari Malformation
A group of congenital malformations involving the brainstem, cerebellum, upper spinal cord, and surrounding bony structures. Type II is the most common, and features compression of the medulla and cerebellar tonsils into the upper cervical spinal canal and an associated MENINGOMYELOCELE. Type I features similar, but less severe malformations and is without an associated meningomyelocele. Type III has the features of type II with an additional herniation of the entire cerebellum through the bony defect involving the foramen magnum, forming an ENCEPHALOCELE. Type IV is a form a cerebellar hypoplasia. Clinical manifestations of types I-III include TORTICOLLIS; opisthotonus; HEADACHE; VERTIGO; VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS; APNEA; NYSTAGMUS, CONGENITAL; swallowing difficulties; and ATAXIA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p261; Davis, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp236-46)
Patellofemoral Joint
Evoked Potentials
Electrical responses recorded from nerve, muscle, SENSORY RECEPTOR, or area of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM following stimulation. They range from less than a microvolt to several microvolts. The evoked potential can be auditory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, AUDITORY), somatosensory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, SOMATOSENSORY), visual (EVOKED POTENTIALS, VISUAL), or motor (EVOKED POTENTIALS, MOTOR), or other modalities that have been reported.
Touch
Models, Anatomic
Reference Values
Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations
Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain characterized by direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES; SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and vascular steal effect.
Weight-Bearing
Pulsed Radiofrequency Treatment
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
A technique that involves the use of electrical coils on the head to generate a brief magnetic field which reaches the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is coupled with ELECTROMYOGRAPHY response detection to assess cortical excitability by the threshold required to induce MOTOR EVOKED POTENTIALS. This method is also used for BRAIN MAPPING, to study NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, and as a substitute for ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY for treating DEPRESSION. Induction of SEIZURES limits its clinical usage.
Human Body
Reproducibility of Results
The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.
Brain Diseases
Severity of Illness Index
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods. For example, three-dimensional images can be generated by assembling multiple tomographic images with the aid of a computer, while photographic 3-D images (HOLOGRAPHY) can be made by exposing film to the interference pattern created when two laser light sources shine on an object.
Skull Fracture, Basilar
Fractures which extend through the base of the SKULL, usually involving the PETROUS BONE. Battle's sign (characterized by skin discoloration due to extravasation of blood into the subcutaneous tissue behind the ear and over the mastoid process), CRANIAL NEUROPATHIES, TRAUMATIC; CAROTID-CAVERNOUS SINUS FISTULA; and CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OTORRHEA are relatively frequent sequelae of this condition. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p876)
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
A diagnostic technique that incorporates the measurement of molecular diffusion (such as water or metabolites) for tissue assessment by MRI. The degree of molecular movement can be measured by changes of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with time, as reflected by tissue microstructure. Diffusion MRI has been used to study BRAIN ISCHEMIA and tumor response to treatment.
Nerve Fibers, Myelinated
A class of nerve fibers as defined by their structure, specifically the nerve sheath arrangement. The AXONS of the myelinated nerve fibers are completely encased in a MYELIN SHEATH. They are fibers of relatively large and varied diameters. Their NEURAL CONDUCTION rates are faster than those of the unmyelinated nerve fibers (NERVE FIBERS, UNMYELINATED). Myelinated nerve fibers are present in somatic and autonomic nerves.
Dura Mater
Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome
An inherited disorder of copper metabolism transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia, SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE; CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)
Thalamus
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
Parahippocampal Gyrus
Cerebral Infarction
The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).
Delta Rhythm
Ligaments, Articular
Atrophy
Cues
Cerebellum
The part of brain that lies behind the BRAIN STEM in the posterior base of skull (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR). It is also known as the "little brain" with convolutions similar to those of CEREBRAL CORTEX, inner white matter, and deep cerebellar nuclei. Its function is to coordinate voluntary movements, maintain balance, and learn motor skills.
Stifle
Alexia, Pure
Loss of the power to comprehend written materials despite preservation of the ability to write (i.e., alexia without agraphia). This condition is generally attributed to lesions that "disconnect" the visual cortex of the non-dominant hemisphere from language centers in the dominant hemisphere. This may occur when a dominant visual cortex injury is combined with underlying white matter lesions that involve crossing fibers from the occipital lobe of the opposite hemisphere. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p483)
Neck Muscles
Case-Control Studies
Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome
A symptom complex consisting of pain, muscle tenderness, clicking in the joint, and limitation or alteration of mandibular movement. The symptoms are subjective and manifested primarily in the masticatory muscles rather than the temporomandibular joint itself. Etiologic factors are uncertain but include occlusal dysharmony and psychophysiologic factors.
Recognition (Psychology)
Follow-Up Studies
Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery
NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies portions of the BRAIN STEM; the THALAMUS; TEMPORAL LOBE, and OCCIPITAL LOBE. Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical features include OLFACTION DISORDERS and visual problems (AGNOSIA; ALEXIA; HEMIANOPSIA).
Retrospective Studies
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
Contracture
Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile
A disorder characterized by the onset of myoclonus in adolescence, a marked increase in the incidence of absence seizures (see EPILEPSY, ABSENCE), and generalized major motor seizures (see EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). The myoclonic episodes tend to occur shortly after awakening. Seizures tend to be aggravated by sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Hereditary and sporadic forms have been identified. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p323)
Positron-Emission Tomography
An imaging technique using compounds labelled with short-lived positron-emitting radionuclides (such as carbon-11, nitrogen-13, oxygen-15 and fluorine-18) to measure cell metabolism. It has been useful in study of soft tissues such as CANCER; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and brain. SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY is closely related to positron emission tomography, but uses isotopes with longer half-lives and resolution is lower.
Dyslexia, Acquired
A receptive visual aphasia characterized by the loss of a previously possessed ability to comprehend the meaning or significance of handwritten words, despite intact vision. This condition may be associated with posterior cerebral artery infarction (INFARCTION, POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY) and other BRAIN DISEASES.
Electrodes, Implanted
Pain
Vision Disorders
Visual impairments limiting one or more of the basic functions of the eye: visual acuity, dark adaptation, color vision, or peripheral vision. These may result from EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; VISUAL PATHWAY diseases; OCCIPITAL LOBE diseases; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS; and other conditions (From Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p132).
Functional Neuroimaging
Touch Perception
Memory
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
Radiopharmaceuticals
Perceptual Disorders
Electrooculography
Recording of the average amplitude of the resting potential arising between the cornea and the retina in light and dark adaptation as the eyes turn a standard distance to the right and the left. The increase in potential with light adaptation is used to evaluate the condition of the retinal pigment epithelium.
Prosopagnosia
The inability to recognize a familiar face or to learn to recognize new faces. This visual agnosia is most often associated with lesions involving the junctional regions between the temporal and occipital lobes. The majority of cases are associated with bilateral lesions, however unilateral damage to the right occipito-temporal cortex has also been associated with this condition. (From Cortex 1995 Jun;31(2):317-29)
Stereotaxic Techniques
Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime
Neuroimaging
Iofetamine
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Tibia
Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)
Statistics as Topic
Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
Anisotropy
A physical property showing different values in relation to the direction in or along which the measurement is made. The physical property may be with regard to thermal or electric conductivity or light refraction. In crystallography, it describes crystals whose index of refraction varies with the direction of the incident light. It is also called acolotropy and colotropy. The opposite of anisotropy is isotropy wherein the same values characterize the object when measured along axes in all directions.
Hydrocephalus
Cerebral Ventricles
Neuralgia
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Transoral decompression for craniovertebral osseous anomalies: perioperative management dilemmas. (1/92)
The surgical outcome of 74 patients, who underwent transoral decompression (TOD) for ventral irreducible craniovertebral junction anomalies between January 1989 to September 1997, was studied to evaluate the perioperative complications and problems encountered. The indications for TOD included irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation (n=24), basilar invagination (n=16), and a combination of both (n=35). Following TOD, occipitocervical stabilization using Jain's technique was carried out in 50 (67.5%) and atlantoaxial fusion using Brooks' construct in 18 (24.3%) patients. The pre- and postoperative radiology was compared to assess the adequacy of decompression and stability. The major morbidity included pharyngeal wound sepsis leading to dehiscence (20.3%) and haemorrhage (4%), valopharyngeal insufficiency (8.1%), CSF leak (6.7%) and inadequate decompression (6.7%). Neurological deterioration occurred transiently in 17 (22.9%) and was sustained in 7 (9.4%) patients. The mortality in six cases was due to operative trauma, exanguination from pharyngeal wound (one each), postoperative instability and inability to be weaned off from the ventilator (two each). Of the 47 (63.5%) patients available at follow up ranging from 3 months to 2 years, 26 (55.3%) showed improvement from their preoperative status while 14 (29.8%) demonstrated stabilization of their neurological deficits. Seven (14.9%) of them deteriorated. Though TOD is logical and effective in relieving ventral compression due to craniovertebral junction anomalies, it carries the formidable risks of instability, incomplete decompression, neurological deterioration, CSF leak, infection and palatopharyngeal dysfunction. (+info)Bow hunter's stroke associated with atlantooccipital assimilation--case report. (2/92)
A 39-year-old male presented with bow hunter's stroke manifesting as repeated vertebrobasilar ischemic attacks induced by head rotation 45 degrees to the left. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography clearly showed the occluded right vertebral artery (VA) between the axis and atlas. Single photon emission computed tomography study showed diffuse hypoperfusion of the brain stem and bilateral cerebellar hemispheres, suggesting hemodynamic compromise of these regions. He refused surgery and was treated conservatively. The most likely mechanism is that the affected VA was fixed by the ossification of the atlantooccipital membrane, vascular groove, and transverse foramen of the atlas, and therefore became elongated and compressed by head-turning. (+info)Surgical treatment of nonunited fractures of the odontoid process, with special reference to occipitocervical fusion for unreducible atlantoaxial subluxation or instability. (3/92)
Fifty-seven consecutive patients treated surgically for nonunited fractures of the odontoid process were reviewed. All patients presented late, exhibiting neurological deficits subsequent to nonunion. Delay in presentation was between 6 and 120 months (mean 32 months) after the original injury, due to missed diagnosis or inappropriate management. Seven patients who were reduced in traction underwent a Gallie atlantoaxial fusion. In the remaining 50 patients who were unreducible, an occipitocervical arthrodesis was performed. They were followed up for a minimum of 2 years, except one who died from postoperative respiratory failure. All patients obtained a solid bony union, including two in whom nonunion occurred following atlantoaxial fusion, and occipitocervical fusion was added as a rescue. Thirty-eight patients achieved excellent neurological recovery, nine still had some disability, five retained their neurological deficits and two reported a deterioration. In two patients, a recurrence in a traumatic episode was experienced long after a resolution. Our findings demonstrate that occipitocervical arthrodesis is preferable for unreducible subluxation or instability of atlantoaxial articulation in nonunion of odontoid fractures. (+info)Bilateral type 1 proatlantal arteries with absence of vertebral arteries. (4/92)
The persistent proatlantal artery is a well-described communication between the carotid and vertebrobasilar system. However, persistence of bilateral proatlantal arteries is exceptionally rare. Although usually noted as an incidental finding, the presence of a proatlantal artery, particularly when bilateral, may result in unusual symptoms or may have implications for therapy. We report a case of bilateral proatlantal arteries, describe their embryology, and consider potential clinical implications of this finding. (+info)Hindbrain stroke in children caused by extracranial vertebral artery trauma. (5/92)
Hindbrain transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) culminating in posterior circulation stroke are described in five children. Atlanto-axial subluxation and angiographical documentation of C1 to C2 level arterial pathology are documented in one patient. Four additional patients with nearly identical clinical presentations, posterior fossa TIAs, stroke and basilar angiographical pathology are reviewed. A mechanical traumatic etiology is suggested. Unexplained transient repeated brain stem and/or cerebellar sympotomatology may be due to extracranial vetebral artery stenosis or occlusion by atlanto-axial instability. After appropriate documentation, stabilization may prevent further TIAs or strokes. (+info)Recognition and management of atlanto-occipital dislocation: improving survival from an often fatal condition. (6/92)
OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of atlanto-occipital dislocation and associated occipital condyle fracturcs so as to alert physicians to this rare injury and potentially improve patient outcome. The pertinent anatomy, mechanism of injury, clinical and radiologic evaluation and the management of these rare injuries are discussed in an attempt to alert physicians to this type of injury and to improve outcome. DATA SOURCES: The data were obtained from a MEDLINE search of the English literature from 1966 to 1999 and the experience of 4 spine surgeons at a quaternary care acute spinal cord injury unit. STUDY SELECTION: Detailed anatomic and epidemiologically sound radiology studies were identified and analyzed. Only small retrospective studies or case series were available in the literature. DATA EXTRACTION: Valid anatomic, biomechanical and radiologic evaluation was extracted from studies. Clinical data came from limited studies and expert opinion. DATA SYNTHESIS: Early diagnosis is essential and is facilitated by a detailed clinical examination and strict adherence to an imaging algorithm that includes CT and MRI scanning. When the dislocation is identified, timely gentle reduction and prompt stabilization throuigh nonoperative or operative means is found to optimize patient outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Atlanto-occipital dislocation should be suspected in any patient involved in a high speed motor vehicle or pedestrian collision. Once suspected, proper imaging and appropriate management of these once fatal injuries can improve survival and neurologic outcome. (+info)Skeletal aspects of the atlanto-occipital fusion in a Japanese brown calf. (7/92)
Atlanto-occipital fusion in a Japanese Brown calf was examined morphologically, paying special attention to skeletal changes. At the craniovertebral junction, the basal occipital bone fused to the cranial extremity of the ventral arch of the atlas with the rudiment of the atlantal centrum. The dens was not formed at the axis. These changes suggest that a hypocentrum and a centrum of the atlas derived from the first cervical sclerotome had failed to separate the occipital base from the proatlantal sclerotome including the apical element of the dens. Although a developmental disturbance at the cervical and thoracic vertebrae was also associated, critical neurological signs such as ataxia and paralysis were absent. (+info)Traumatic posterior atlantooccipital dislocation with Jefferson fracture and fracture-dislocation of C6-C7: a case report with survival. (8/92)
Atlantooccipital dislocation (AOD) is a rare and usually fatal injury. In the current study, the authors reported an extremely rare case of posterior AOD with Jefferson fracture and fracture-dislocation of C6-C7. The patient survived the injury and had only incomplete quadriplegia below the C7 segment with anterior cord syndrome. He was successfully managed with in situ occipitocervical fusion using the Cotrel-Dubousset rod system, corpectomy of C6, and anterior interbody fusion of C5-C7 with plating. To our knowledge, this is the first report of posterior AOD with two other non-contiguous cervical spine injuries. A high index of suspicion and careful examination of the upper cervical spine should be considered as the key to the diagnosis of AOD in cases that involve multiple or lower cervical spine injuries. (+info)
Prognostic Factors in Traumatic Atlanto-Occipital Dislocation - cns.org
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David Bellhouse -
Statistical and Actuarial Sciences - Western University
A new technique for intraoperative reduction of occipitocervical instability. - Fingerprint - Johns Hopkins University
Peak to Average Power Ratio for OFDM
Peak to Average Power Ratio for OFDM
RadiologyBackUpperLimb | Main | Structural Basis of Medical Practice
Items where Academic/Research unit is Surrey research (other units) - Surrey Research Insight Open Access
Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine : Login
Spine | Neurocirugia.com
Carolyns Sick Journey: November 2008
Craniocervical Syndromes, EDS and MS
PDF] atlas of craniocervical junction and cervical spine surgery
Occipital condyle | Define Occipital condyle at Dictionary.com
Cheap Benemid (probenecid) For Sale + +Next orders 10% discount
Neck Pain | Principles and Practice of Pain Medicine, 3e | AccessNeurology | McGraw-Hill Medical
GMS | 58. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie e. V. (DGNC) | Tumors of the craniocervical junction - a...
Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice : Table of Contents
Low spatial peak-to-average power ratio transmission for improved energy efficiency in massive mimo systems
Surviving and Thriving | MRI Chari 1 & optic nerve Questions
Dr Aparna Varma - Specialist in Cranio-cervical pain, Neuro-Muscular Disorder in Lingampally, Chandanagar
genetic | School of Veterinary Medicine
Bassett Collection Large Image - Lane Medical Library, Stanford University Medical Center
Morphometric changes at the craniocervical junction during childhood in: Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics Volume 24 Issue 3 ...
Neuroanesthesiology | Lewis Katz School of Medicine
When Protective Hair Styles stop becoming protective - African Naturalistas
Craniovertebral junction tuberculosis - ARRS GoldMiner®
Patent US6902565 - Occipital plate and system for spinal stabilization - Google Patents
Team Syrinxx « Team « Prime League
Atlas. Definition | WikBio
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Dr. H.S.Bhatoe - Neurological Care
1KNP | Genus
Atlanto-occipital joint
It consists of a pair of condyloid joints. It is a synovial joint. The atlanto-occipital joint is an articulation between the ... "Traumatic dislocation of the atlanto-occipital joint". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume. The Bone & Joint ... The ligaments connecting the bones are: Two articular capsules Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane Anterior atlanto-occipital ... The atlanto-occipital joint may be dislocated, especially from violent accidents such as traffic collisions. This may be ...
Rectus capitis posterior major muscle
Its main actions are to extend and rotate the atlanto-occipital joint. Atlanto-occipital joint Rectus capitis lateralis Rectus ... Occipital bone. Outer surface. Rectus capitis posterior major's relationship to other suboccipital muscles. This article ... is inserted into the lateral part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone and the surface of the bone immediately ...
Atlas (anatomy)
The atlanto-occipital joint allows the head to nod up and down on the vertebral column. The dens acts as a pivot that allows ... Upper surface: rectus capitis anterior - occipital bone (inferior surface of the base) rectus capitis lateralis - occipital ... The atlas is the topmost vertebra and, with the axis (the vertebra below it), forms the joint connecting the skull and spine. ... The posterior part of the arch presents above and behind a rounded edge for the attachment of the posterior atlantooccipital ...
Condyloid joint
Examples include: the wrist-joint metacarpophalangeal joints metatarsophalangeal joints atlanto-occipital joints These are also ... Radiocarpal joint and Metacarpo-phalangeal joint are examples of condyloid joints. An example of an Ellipsoid joint is the ... A condyloid joint (also called condylar, ellipsoidal, or bicondylar) is an ovoid articular surface, or condyle that is received ... These joints allow biaxial movements-i.e., forward and backward, or from side to side, but not rotation. ...
Obliquus capitis superior muscle
It acts at the atlanto-occipital joint to extend the head and flex the head to the ipsilateral side. Position of obliquus ... Deep muscles of the back (obliquus capitis superior labeled at upper left) Occipital bone. Outer surface. Muscle attachments ... superiorly and posteriorly to insert into the lateral half of the inferior nuchal line on the external surface of the occipital ...
Virtopsy
... atlanto-occipital joints), and in cases of advanced decomposition. Visualization of the cardiovascular system. Replacement of ...
Atlas joint
... may refer to: Atlanto-axial joint Atlanto-occipital joint This disambiguation page lists articles associated with ... the title Atlas joint. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended ...
Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle
Atlanto-occipital joint Rectus capitis lateralis Rectus capitis posterior major muscle Rectus capitis anterior muscle This ... Connective tissue bridges were noted at the atlanto-occipital joint between the rectus capitis posterior minor (RCPm) muscle ... Injury Threshold of Rectus Capitis Muscles at the Atlanto-occipital Joint https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ ... Included are the joint complexes of the upper three cervical segments, the dura mater, and spinal cord. The dura-muscular ( ...
Cervical vertebrae
The movement of nodding the head takes place predominantly through flexion and extension at the atlanto-occipital joint between ... This movement between the atlas and occipital bone is often referred to as the "yes joint", owing to its nature of being able ... cervical vertebra Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane and atlantoaxial ligament Median sagittal section through the occipital ... the atlanto-axial joint. A small amount of rotation of the vertebral column itself contributes to the movement. This movement ...
Vertebra
The atlanto-occipital joint allows the skull to move up and down, while the atlanto-axial joint allows the upper neck to twist ... Vertebral joint Costovertebral joint A facet joint between the superior and inferior articular processes (labeled at top and ... The sacrum with the ilium forms a sacroiliac joint on each side of the pelvis, which articulates with the hips. The last three ... There are superior and inferior articular facet joints on each side of the vertebra, which serve to restrict the range of ...
Atlanto-axial joint
Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane: genetic traits can sometimes result in ossification, turning the groove into a foramen. ... It is a pivot joint. The atlanto-axial joint is a joint between the atlas bone and the axis bone, which are the first and ... There are three atlanto-axial joints: one median and two lateral: The median atlanto-axial joint is sometimes considered a ... The atlanto-axial joint is a joint in the upper part of the neck between the atlas bone and the axis bone, which are the first ...
Spinal manipulation
... the atlanto-occipital, atlanto-axial, lumbosacral, sacroiliac, costotransverse and costovertebral joints. National guidelines ... Osteopathic manipulation Joint manipulation Joint mobilization Spinal adjustment Koes BW, van Tulder M, Lin CW, Macedo LG, ... Mennel JM (1964). Joint Pain; Diagnosis and Treatment Using Manipulative Techniques. Boston: Little Brown and Co. American ... Tullberg T, Blomberg S, Branth B, Johnsson R (May 1998). "Manipulation does not alter the position of the sacroiliac joint. A ...
Occipital condyles
To their margins are attached the capsules of the atlanto-occipital joints, and on the medial side of each is a rough ... Bilateral condyle fractures (e.g. as part of an atlanto-occipital dislocation or the "occipital ring fracture") are rare, but ... This injury tends to be unstable and may co-occur with atlanto-occipital subluxation or dislocation. Neurological injury may ... The occipital condyles are undersurface protuberances of the occipital bone in vertebrates, which function in articulation with ...
Temnospondyli
... above horizontal through the flexing of the atlanto-occipital joint between the occipital condyles of the skull and the atlas ... Their rhachitomous vertebrae, notochord, and lack of occipital condyles (which attached the head to the neck) were features ... Sigurdsen, Trond; Bolt, John R. (2009). "The lissamphibian humerus and elbow joint, and the origins of modern amphibians". ... Edopoids have several primitive or plesiomorphic features, including a single occipital condyle and a bone called the ...
Index of anatomy articles
... arytenoid cartilage arytenoideus muscle astereognosis asterion asterixis astrocyte asynergy ataxia atlanto-occipital joint ... obturator externus muscle obturator foramen obturator internus muscle occipital artery occipital bone occipital horn occipital ... tuberosity ischiorectal fossa ischium Islets of Langerhans isthmus Jacksonian seizure jaw jejunum joint joint capsule joint ... Tectorial membrane of atlanto-axial joint tectospinal tract tectum tegmen tympani tegmentum tela choroidae telencephalon ...
Albanerpetontidae
Albanerpetontids share with living lissamphibians an atlanto-occipital joint with two cotyles, a four fingered forelimb (manus ... Distinguishing apomorphic traits characteristic of albanerpetontids include a complex mortise and tenon like joint connecting ...
List of flexors of the human body
Plantar interossei Dorsal interossei torso/lumbar vertebrae Rectus abdominis muscle neck at atlanto-occipital joint Longus ... is a joint movement that decreases the angle between the bones that converge at the joint. For example, one's elbow joint ... A flexor is a muscle that flexes a joint. In anatomy, flexion (from the Latin verb flectere, to bend) ... in descending order of importance to the action of flexing the hip joint): Collectively known as the iliopsoas or inner hip ...
Craniocervical instability
... medical condition where there is excessive movement of the vertebrae at the atlanto-occipital joint and the atlanto-axial joint ... It can be brought on by a trauma, frequently whiplash; laxity of the ligaments surrounding the joint; or other damage to the ... Common symptoms include: Occipital headaches Migraine Headaches neck, shoulder and jaw pain difficulty swallowing, or the ... It is frequently co-morbid with atlanto-axial instability, Chiari malformation and tethered cord syndrome. It is more common in ...
List of MeSH codes (A02)
... acromioclavicular joint MeSH A02.835.583.097 - atlanto-axial joint MeSH A02.835.583.101 - atlanto-occipital joint MeSH A02.835. ... tarsal joints MeSH A02.835.583.378.831.780 - subtalar joint MeSH A02.835.583.378.900 - toe joint MeSH A02.835.583.378.900.500 ... foot joints MeSH A02.835.583.378.062 - ankle joint MeSH A02.835.583.378.531 - metatarsophalangeal joint MeSH A02.835.583.378. ... carpal joints MeSH A02.835.583.405.200 - carpometacarpal joints MeSH A02.835.583.405.350 - finger joint MeSH A02.835.583.405. ...
Plagiosauridae
To facilitate a bottom dwelling lifestyle these organisms possess a special jaw joint, the atlanto-occipital joint, which ...
Airway management
This maneuver involves flexion of the neck and extension of the head at Atlanto-occipital joint (also called the sniffing ...
Crocodilia
... closing muscles attach at the median portion of the lower jaw and the jaw hinge attaches to the atlanto-occipital joint, ... The vertebrae of eusuchians had one convex and one concave articulating surface, allowing for a ball and socket type joint ... Their ankle joints flex in a different way from those of other reptiles, a feature they share with some early archosaurs. One ...
Thalassocnus
However, the atlanto-occipital joint, which controls neck movement, was stronger than it is in other sloths, which was probably ...
Rectus capitis lateralis muscle
Occipital bone. Outer surface. Base of skull. Inferior surface. Atlanto-occipital joint Rectus capitis posterior major muscle ... Skull has been removed (except occipital bone). Lateral view. Still image. ... and is inserted into the under surface of the jugular process of the occipital bone. Position of rectus capitis lateralis ...
Tracheal intubation
... and adequate extension of the cervical spine at the atlanto-occipital joint. If any of these variables is in any way ... the range of motion of the jaw (the temporomandibular joint): three of the subject's fingers should be able to fit between the ... temporomandibular joint or arytenoid cartilages, decreased oxygen content, elevated arterial carbon dioxide, and vocal cord ... full range of motion of the temporomandibular joint), sufficient pharyngeal space (determined by examining the back of the ...
Tectorial membrane of atlanto-axial joint
... is attached to the basilar groove of the occipital bone, in front of the foramen magnum, where it blends with the cranial dura ... The tectorial membrane of atlanto-axial joint (occipitoaxial ligaments) is situated within the vertebral canal. It is a broad, ...
Cruciate ligament of atlas
The cruciate ligament of the atlas prevents abnormal movement of the atlanto-axial joint. It may be torn, such as by fractures ... The longitudinal bands prevent hyperflexion and hyperextension of the occipital bone, and hold the transverse ligament of the ... It forms part of the atlanto-axial joint. The ligament is named after its cross shape. It consists of transverse and ... The cruciate ligament of the atlas prevents abnormal movements of the atlanto-axial joint. ...
Outline of human anatomy
... joints Temporomandibular joint Sphenomandibular ligament Stylomandibular ligament Atlanto-occipital joint Vertebral joints ... sheath Plane joint Cylindrical joint Pivot joint Hinge joint Bicondylar joint Saddle joint Condylar joint Ball and socket joint ... joint Synovial joints of thorax Costovertebral joints Sternocostal joints Costochondral joints Interchondral joints Joints of ... ligament of dens Lateral atlanto-axial joint Zygapophysial joints Lumbosacral joint Sacrococcygeal joint Thoracic joints ...
Condyle
... in the temporomandibular joint: Mandibular condyle On the occipital bone, in the atlanto-occipital joint: Occipital condyles ... in the knee joint: Medial condyle Lateral condyle On the humerus, in the elbow joint: Condyle of humerus (Condylus humeri) On ... It is one of the markings or features of bones, and can refer to: On the femur, in the knee joint: Medial condyle Lateral ... and the femur head acts as a condyle in the hip joint. OED 2nd edition, 1989. Entry "condyle" in Merriam-Webster Online ...
Cervicocranial syndrome
When the occipital bone and the atlas (C1) are fused together in a condition called atlanto-occipital assimilation, it causes ... For example GDF6 gene plays an important role in bone development and joint formation. The mutation in these genes can result ... "Atlanto-occipital assimilation , Radiology Reference Article , Radiopaedia.org". Radiopaedia. Retrieved 2020-12-17. Halmova, K ... It affects men and women equally when occurring due to atlanto-occipital assimilation. Increased incidences[spelling?] among ...
Transverse ligament of atlas
Atlanto-axial joint Gray's anatomy, 1918 Takeuchi, Mikinobu; Yasuda, Muneyoshi; Takahashi, Emiko; Funai, Mikiko; Joko, Masahiro ... The former is attached to the basilar part of the occipital bone, in close relation with the membrana tectoria; the latter is ...
Obliquus capitis inferior muscle
The muscle is responsible for rotation of the head and first cervical vertebra (atlanto-axial joint). It forms the lower ... Vertebral column, occipital bone and obliquus capitis inferior muscle. The muscle arises from the apex of the spinous process ...
Cervical spine disorder
Subaxial cervical spine Atlanto-axial joint The elderly Because of such symptoms, people often mistake cervical spine disorder ... It results in occipital pain and myelopathy. Occipito-cervical junction This disorder may result from rheumatoid arthritis, ... Dormans, John P. (January 2002). "Evaluation of Children with Suspected Cervical Spine Injury". The Journal of Bone and Joint ... The cervical spine contains many different anatomic compositions, including muscles, bones, ligaments, and joints. All of these ...
2016 in paleomammalogy
... and the Functional Implications of an Atypical Atlanto-Occipital Morphology". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 23 (2): 201-207. ... 2016). A study on the shape of the elbow joint of Thylacoleo carnifex and its implications for the predatory behavior of the ... as revealed by elbow joint morphology". Paleobiology. 42 (3): 508-531. doi:10.1017/pab.2015.55. hdl:1983/1f3ac566-0b08-48fb- ...
Rapid Sequence Intubation: Background, Indications, Contraindications
TheraPaws Orthopedic Assessment Form
assess occipital-atlanto joint flexion/extension assess atlanto-axial joint rotation assess side glides C2-C7 Other ... cranio-caudal joint glides medio-lateral joint glides joint distractions joint compression (neutral) joint compression in ... lateral distraction joint glide long leg traction glide joint scouring at different ranges joint compression at different ... joint compressions - different ranges joint distration patellar stability test cranial drawer tibial compression meniscal ...
Haemophilus parasuis (Glasser's Disease) | Iowa State University
The atlanto-occipital joint frequently is affected. Exudate in joints often is fibrinous and gray to green. An infrequent ... Often there are swollen leg joints (and in some outbreaks arthritis predominates) and the animal will favor an affected leg ... As a septicemia, H. parasuis has predilection for growth on serosal surfaces (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium, joints, meninges ... One or more major leg joints often are swollen, perhaps in combination with lesions at other sites. ...
Lower Extremity Blocks - Page 2 of 3 - NYSORA | NYSORA
Brucella ceti Infection in Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) - Volume 16, Number 12-December 2010 - Emerging Infectious...
Chiroindex.org - Index To Chiropractic Literature
Immediate effects of atlanto-occipital joint manipulation on active mouth opening and pressure pain sensitivity in women with ... The Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders: Executive Summary *Haldeman S ... Joint mobilization vs massage for chronic mechanical neck pain: A pilot study to assess recruitment strategies and estimate ... The effect of sacro occipital technique category II blocking on spinal ranges of motion: a case series *Hochman JI ...
Leash Aggression in Dogs: Are We Trying To Put Out A Fire With Gasoline? | Susan Garrett's Dog Training Blog
Browse | jns Journals
This study was designed to evaluate the biomechanical stability of AATS fixation for the atlanto-occipital joint and compare it ... Atlanto-occipital instability is commonly treated with posterior fixation. However, in patients with congenital or acquired ... Anterior atlanto-occipital transarticular screw fixation: a biomechanical comparison with posterior fixation techniques ... For these situations, a novel anterior atlanto-occipital transarticular screw (AATS) fixation technique has been introduced ...
SciELO - Brazil - Carcass traits of goats finished with different levels of concentrate supplementation and kept on caatinga...
Carcass was obtained after removing the head (section at the atlanto-occipital joint), the forelegs and hindlegs (sections at ... distance from the cervical-thoracic joint to the 1st intercoccygeal joint; croup width (CW): maximum width between the ... above the femoro-tibial patellar joint); carcass internal length (CIL): distance between the anterior edge of the pubic bone ... distance between the greater trochanter of the femur and the edge of the tarsometatarsal joint; and, thoracic depth: distance ...
Luca Buzzatti - Onderzoeksoutput
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Atlanto-axial facet joints displacement during regional mobilisation into rotation: in vitro 3D kinematic analysis. Buzzatti, L ... Analysis of facet joint displacement during passive upper cervical mobilization. Cattrysse, E., Siccardi, D., Michele, M. & ... Atlanto-axial facet displacement during rotational high-velocity low-amplitude thrust: An in vitro 3D kinematic analysis. ... Automated Motion Analysis of Bony Joint Structures from Dynamic Computer Tomography Images: A Multi-Atlas Approach. Keelson, B. ...
Cervicogenic Headache
... atlanto-occipital joint, median and lateral atlanto-axial joints, C2-3 intervertebral disc, C2-3 zygapophysial joint, upper ... C2-3 Zygaphphysial Joint and Third Occipital Nerve. The C2-3 zygapophyseal joint is innervated by the third occipital nerve, ... It may account for 16% of patients with occipital headache.[13] In human volunteers distending the lateral atlanto-axial joint ... Then it curves medially to go through the foramen magnum crossing the medial posterior aspect of the atlanto-occipital joint ( ...
Alexander Technique Anatomy: 101
They are the atlanto-occipital joint, the spine, and the hip joint. ... So to begin our lesson lets take a look at the atlanto occipital joint (a.k.a the AOJ) ... The major joints that are responsible for movement in the body are the AOJ, the hip joint, the knees, and the ankles (and of ... In conclusion for Alexander Anatomy 101: the AOJ, hip joint, and joints of the legs are responsible for movement, while the ...
Cerebellar tonsillar ectopia herniation and Chiari 1 malformation - Caring Medical Florida
Specifically, abnormal atlanto-occipital (AO) and/or atlanto-axial (AA) joint morphology leads to chronic cervical instability ... or the atlanto-occipital (AO) joint and the cerebellar tonsils herniate to prevent mechanical pinching. However, only a small ... Functional or dynamic imaging technology, which images a person while joints are under stress or in extremes of motion is more ... The combination of CSF obstruction and occipital headache has a common etiology in upper cervical instability and on many ...
Craniocervical Instability Archives - Centeno-Schultz Clinic
What Is the Atlanto-Occipital (AO) Joint. The pain at the base of your skull is getting worse. It started gradually and now has ... What is the C1? What is the C2? What is the Atlantoaxial (AA) Joint? What are the key components of the AA Joint? What is a … ... What is the Atlas? What is the Axis bone? What is the Atlantoaxial joint? What are the key components of the Atlantoaxial Joint ... What Is the Atlantoaxial Joint?. The headaches and upper neck pain are getting worse. Medication and therapy has not helped. ...
Pathology Outlines - Internal examination
DeCS
Atlanto Occipital Joint Atlanto-Occipital Joints Atloido Occipital Joint Atloido-Occipital Joint Atloido-Occipital Joints Joint ... Atlanto Occipital Joint. Atlanto-Occipital Joints. Atloido Occipital Joint. Atloido-Occipital Joint. Atloido-Occipital Joints. ... Joint, Atlanto-Occipital. Joint, Atloido-Occipital. Joints, Atlanto-Occipital. Joints, Atloido-Occipital. ... Atlanto-Occipital Joint, Atloido-Occipital Joints, Atlanto-Occipital Joints, Atloido-Occipital ...
Code System Concept
IMSEAR at SEARO: Recherche
Upper Crossed Syndrome - Physical Therapy - CyberPT
... at the atlanto-occipital joint, C4-5 segment, cervicothoracic joint, glenohumeral joint, and T4-5 segment (3). ... Forward head carriage may promote accelerated aging of intervertebral joints resulting in degenerative joint disease (5)." PT ... Besides the imbalances and postural deviations mentioned above, physical therapists may also find joint dysfunction ...
WAD Whiplash Associated Disorders: Personal Injury Doctor Group
Joints. *Zygapophyseal joints. *Atlanto-axial joint. *Atlanto-occipital joint. *Intervertebral discs. *Cartilaginous endplates ... They will analyze posture, and spinal alignment, check for tenderness, tightness, and how well the spinal joints move. ... The entire spine is hyperextending with an intense force that causes the facet joint capsules to compress. ... A chiropractor will identify areas of restricted joint motion, muscle tension, muscle spasm, intervertebral disc injury, and ...
Search Results (15) | Profiles RNS
The role of imaging in the pre- and postoperative evaluation of posterior occipito-cervical fusion<...
keywords = "Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Atlanto-Occipital Joint, Child, Disease Progression, External Fixators, Female, Humans, ... Atlanto-Occipital Joint, Child, Disease Progression, External Fixators, Female, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ... Occipitocervical fusion is required when the occipitoatlantal joint is unstable. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the ... N2 - Occipitocervical fusion is required when the occipitoatlantal joint is unstable. The purpose of this paper is to discuss ...
Atlas of Canine Arthrology. Updated Edition
Pain Relief from temporomandibular joint disorder TMJ through natural methods | Back In Balance Chiropractic
This jaw is also known as temporomandibular joint, or TMJ in short. What is temporomandibular joint disorder? Any pain that ... Get relief from temporomandibular joint disorder through natural methods The jaw joint plays a vital role in enabling us to ... Upper Cervical Chiropractic works on the atlanto-occipital joint of the upper spine. Since 1930s, this special branch of ... What is temporomandibular joint disorder?. Any pain that affects the jaw joints is called TMJ disorder. It most cases, it makes ...
Atlantoaxial Instability in Down Syndrome: Overview, Etiology and Pathophysiology, Clinical Evaluation
Atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial dislocations with spinal cord compression in Downs syndrome: a case report and review of ... The atlantooccipital joints allow movement in extension and flexion. In flexion, an anterior translation of C1 on C2, which ... Dawson EG, Smith L. Atlanto-axial subluxation in children due to vertebral anomalies. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1979 Jun. 61(4):582 ... Posterior atlanto-occipital subluxation with or without atlantoaxial instability has been described, including malformations of ...
Search: odontoid
Atlanto-Occipital Joint Injuries Medical Exhibit Atlanto-Occipital Joint Injuries exh79703c Medical Exhibit This stock medical ... Bilateral Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) i… Medical Exhibit Bilateral Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) i… exh44784a Medical Exhibit ... This stock medical exhibit illustrates bilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ), cervical… Last Updated: Mar 5, 2020 View Item ...
Efficacy of interventional treatment strategies for managing patients with cervicogenic headache: a systematic review
C3-C4 facet joints; AA joints; C2-C3/C3-C4 intervertebral discs; atlantooccipital joints; GONs; and LONs [37]. Given the ... In conclusion, based on the available literature, occipital nerve blocks, cervical facet joint injection, AA joint injection, ... RFA of lateral C1-C2 joint. Halim et al. 2010 [31]. Retrospective study. 86 patients with CeH. Lateral C1-C2 joint PRF using ... RFA of facet joint and medial branches supplying the facet joint. Stovner et al. 2004 [25]. Randomized, double-blind. 12 ...
of Skull and Spine | Radiology Key
7. Atlanto-occipital joint axis angle. = formed by lines drawn parallel to atlantooccipital joints ... fibrous connective tissue joint between two parietal bones. Average width: 5.0 ± 0.2 mm (at birth), 2.4 ± 0.1 mm (1 month of ... between occipital bone + mastoid process of temporal bone as a continuation of the lambdoid suture toward skull base ... Variants of CVJ: precondylar tubercles, third occipital condyle, ossification of ligament of odontoid process ...
Digastric - Learn Muscles
Zygapophyseal JointLigamentsArticularLigamentArticulatesBoneCerebellumSpineVertebraeIntervertebral discFacetFlexesMusclesParietalSynovialTransverseSubluxationPosteriorAnteriorMandible at the temporomandibularNervesSpinal jointsFlexionFrontalHeadStimulationProximalGlenohumeralHeadacheMovementsTemporomandibular jointAtlantoaxialDisorderATLASPainHyperextensionMajorChild
Zygapophyseal Joint2
- Additionally, diagnostic zygapophyseal joint injections and cervical nerve and medial branch blocks can be used to confirm the diagnosis and predict treatment efficacy [ 7 ]. (ekja.org)
- A zygapophyseal joint is present on the superior and inferior aspect of the lateral mass. (neurosurg.org)
Ligaments2
- Therefore, every cervical structure innervated by the trigeminocervical caudalis nucleus (joint, muscles, nerves, ligaments, and dura) is implicated in the genesis of CeH [ 6 ]. (ekja.org)
- In pathologic conditions (eg, abnormalities of the odontoid bone or in the ligaments that keep these joints together), this displacement increases, and bone structures can pressure the spinal cord, producing clinical symptoms. (medscape.com)
Articular7
- The superior articular facets articulate with the occipital condyles and are kidney-shaped, concave, projecting upward and inward, while the inferior articular facets are comparatively flat, projecting downward and inward, and articulate with the superior facets of the axis. (neurosurg.org)
- Facet joints are synovial joints that give the spine it's flexibility by sliding on the articular processes of the vertebra below. (neurosurg.org)
- The occipital has two articular condoyles that form a hinge joint with the first bone of the vertebral column, the atlas. (pharmacyinfoline.com)
- The condyle of the occipital bone is biconvex, and fits into the bi-concave superior articular surface of the atlas, while the long axes of the two joints are directed horizontally forwards and medially. (co.ma)
- It is attached to the rough non-articular surfaces surrounding the articular areas on the atlas and occipital bone. (co.ma)
- Laterally it is in continuity with the articular capsules, while in the median plane, where it extends from the anterior tubercle of the atlas to the basilar part of the occipital bone, it presents a specially well-defined thickened band which might be regarded as a separate accessory ligament or as the beginning of the anterior longitudinal ligament of the vertebræ. (co.ma)
- As with any intra-articular fracture , a persistent articular surface step predisposed the joint to premature secondary osteoarthritis . (radiopaedia.org)
Ligament4
- A chiropractor will identify areas of restricted joint motion, muscle tension, muscle spasm, intervertebral disc injury, and ligament injury. (personalinjurydoctorgroup.com)
- The transverse ligament firmly opposes the odontoid process to the posterior portion of the anterior arch of atlas and provides stability to the atlantoaxial joint. (neurosurg.org)
- The foremost stabilizing force at this joint is the transverse atlantal ligament (TAL). (chatstw.com)
- The posterior covering atlanto-epistropheal ligament (O.T. posterior atlo-axoid ligament) (Fig. 296) occupies the position which is elsewhere taken by the ligamenta flava. (co.ma)
Articulates4
- The atlas vertebra articulates with the occiput superiorly at the atlanto-occipital joint and with the axis inferiorly at the atlantoaxial joint. (neurosurg.org)
- The temporal bone articulates with the mandible at the temporomandibular joint, the only movable joint of the skull. (pharmacyinfoline.com)
- This bone occupies the middle portion of the base of the skull and articulates with the occipital, temporal, parietal, and frontal bones. (pharmacyinfoline.com)
- The atlas (C1) is a bony ring that articulates with the occipital condyles. (chatstw.com)
Bone7
- The hip joint is actually where the ball of the femur inserts and connects into the hip bone. (alexandertechniqueamelia.com)
- Take your hand and touch the very top and outside of your leg bone, and that is the hip joint. (alexandertechniqueamelia.com)
- The point of articulation between the OCCIPITAL BONE and the CERVICAL ATLAS . (bvsalud.org)
- They articulate with each other at the sagittal suture with the occipital bone at the lambdoidal suture and with the temporal bones at the squamous sutures. (pharmacyinfoline.com)
- There are two articulations between the atlas and the occipital bone. (co.ma)
- It extends from the posterior surface of the body of the epistropheus to the basilar groove on the superior surface of the basilar part of the occipital bone, spreading laterally on the circumference of the foramen magnum. (co.ma)
- and a crus superius, also median and longitudinal, whose fibres extend from the crus transversum upwards to the posterior surface of the basilar part of occipital bone, immediately subjacent to the membrana tectoria. (co.ma)
Cerebellum1
- Its inner surface is deeply concave and the concavity is occupied by the occipital lobes of the cerebrum by cerebellum. (pharmacyinfoline.com)
Spine14
- They are the atlanto-occipital joint, the spine, and the hip joint. (alexandertechniqueamelia.com)
- The AOJ is the joint where the head connects to the spine. (alexandertechniqueamelia.com)
- While the vertebrae have facet joints between them that give the spine some mobility and flexibility to rotate and bend, it's main purpose is for stability of the overall structure and the spinal column. (alexandertechniqueamelia.com)
- Most people bend and 'break the back' when engaging in daily activities, meaning you treat your spine as if you had many major joints at places along the spine. (alexandertechniqueamelia.com)
- Here is an example: if I go to bend down to pick something up (as in the picture below on the left), and I bend my back at the navel in order to accomplish this, I am acting as though I have a major joint located in my thoracic/lumbar spine. (alexandertechniqueamelia.com)
- In conclusion for Alexander Anatomy 101: the AOJ, hip joint, and joints of the legs are responsible for movement, while the stability of the spine is essential. (alexandertechniqueamelia.com)
- The entire spine is hyperextending with an intense force that causes the facet joint capsules to compress. (personalinjurydoctorgroup.com)
- Upper Cervical Chiropractic works on the atlanto-occipital joint of the upper spine. (backinbalanceredmond.com)
- Compared to other parts of the spine, the joint capsules are quite loose in the cervical region to facilitate smooth movement. (neurosurg.org)
- The lower cervical spine is neutral with the atlanto-occipital joint slightly extended. (sparktrainingsystems.com)
- This retraction flexes the atlanto-occipital joints while extending the C3-C7 joints (Bogduk, N. 2002) creating a neutral cervical spine, also known as the cervical braced position. (sparktrainingsystems.com)
- In between each vertebrae there is an intervertebral disc which forms a fibrocartilaginous joint allowing slight movement between the vertebrae and functioning as a shock absorber for the spine. (anatomyzone.com)
- The top joint in your body, where your head meets your spine is called the Atlanto-Occipital (A-O) Joint. (mollykampf.com)
- Peripheral neuropathic joints or even neuropathic alteration of the spine itself may develop in long-standing cases of syringomyelia. (medscape.com)
Vertebrae1
- The atlanto-occipital joint (base of the skull and first vertebrae called the atlas) is commonly involved from fixations, adhesions/scar tissue and/or muscular contraction. (sorebackblog.com)
Intervertebral disc1
- Thus possible sources of cervicogenic headache are: atlanto-occipital joint, median and lateral atlanto-axial joints, C2-3 intervertebral disc, C2-3 zygapophysial joint, upper posterior neck and paravertebral muscles, the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles, spinal and posterior cranial fossa dura matter, cervical spinal nerves and roots, and the vertebral artery. (asra.com)
Facet2
- Eleven of twenty-three studies evaluated the effect of radiofrequency ablation (RFA), 5 evaluated occipital nerve blocks, 2 each for facet joint injections and deep cervical plexus blocks, and 1 study each evaluated atlantoaxial (AA) joint injections, cervical epidural injection, and cryoneurolysis. (ekja.org)
- In conclusion, based on the available literature, occipital nerve blocks, cervical facet joint injection, AA joint injection, deep cervical plexus block, cervical epidural injection may be reasonable options in refractory cases of CeH. (ekja.org)
Flexes1
- Flexes the neck at the spinal joints. (learnmuscles.com)
Muscles2
- The obliquus capitis superior is one of the suboccipital muscles that acts at the atlanto-occipital joint. (anatomy.app)
- You can learn small balancing movements of the head, up and down and from side to side using the smaller sub-occipital muscles (rather than the larger trapesius muscles) and as a result you can fine tune the balance and increase your control of the small adjusting movements of the head on top of the spinal column. (londonpainclinic.com)
Parietal3
- The coronal suture joins the frontal and parietal bones and other fibrous joints are formed with sphenoid, zygomatic, lacrimal, nasal, ethmoid bones. (pharmacyinfoline.com)
- These bones lie one on each side of the head and form immovable joints with the parietal, occipital, sphenoid, zygomatic bones. (pharmacyinfoline.com)
- It has immovable joints with the parietal, temporal, sphenoid bones. (pharmacyinfoline.com)
Synovial1
- Damage to vasculature, apparent microscopically, probably facilitates formation of inflammatory exudate and increased synovial fluid in joints. (iastate.edu)
Transverse1
- Clinical presentations suggestive of pain originating from the lateral atlanto-axial joint include: occipital or suboccipital pain, focal tenderness over the suboccipital area or over the transverse process of C1, restricted painful rotation of C1 on C2, and pain provocation by passive rotation of C1. (asra.com)
Subluxation1
- We took her to hospital and she was eventually diagnosed with a rotary subluxation of the atlanto occipital joint. (raisiebay.com)
Posterior3
- The measurement of the movement of C1 over C2 is mainly measured by the gap between the anterior wall of the dens the posterior wall of the anterior rim of C1 (atlanto-dental interval, ADI). (medscape.com)
- [2] Our concern in neural compression in this CVJ region may come from bony developmental anomalies such as occipital condylar hypoplasia, condylus tertius, basiocciput hypoplasia and C1 assimilation, C1 hypoplasia, C1 aplasia, split atlas (posterior and anterior arch rachischisis), persistent os terminal, odontoid aplasia, and os odontoideum. (ijos.in)
- The membrana atlanto-occipitalis posterior (posterior occipito-atloid membrane) (Fig. 296) is another distinct but still thin membrane which is attached superiorly to the posterior half of the circumference of the foramen magnum, and inferiorly to the upper border of the posterior arch of the atlas. (co.ma)
Anterior1
- The membrana atlanto-occipitalis anterior (anterior occipito-atloid membrane) (Fig. 296) is a strong although thin membrane, attached inferiorly to the anterior arch of the atlas, and superiorly to the anterior half of the circumference of the foramen magnum. (co.ma)
Mandible at the temporomandibular1
- Depresses of the mandible at the temporomandibular joints (TMJs). (learnmuscles.com)
Nerves2
- This joint and the small area surrounding it has many important roles: the carriage of the weight of the head, the balance mechanisms in the inner ear, jaw movement, passage for the spinal cord to the brain and nerves to our body. (mollykampf.com)
- Occipital neuralgia is a condition in which the nerves that run from the top of the spinal cord up through the scalp, called the occipital nerves, are inflamed or injured. (sorebackblog.com)
Spinal joints1
- They will analyze posture, and spinal alignment, check for tenderness, tightness, and how well the spinal joints move. (personalinjurydoctorgroup.com)
Flexion2
- The atlantooccipital joints allow movement in extension and flexion. (medscape.com)
- while the atlanto-occipital joint is responsible for half of the flexion and extension movements of the neck. (neurosurg.org)
Frontal1
- The headache occurs in non-clustering episodes and is usually non-throbbing in nature, originating from the neck and spreading over the occipital, temporal, and frontal regions. (asra.com)
Head2
- Forward head carriage may promote accelerated aging of intervertebral joints resulting in degenerative joint disease (5). (cyberpt.com)
- Extends the head at the atlanto-occipital joint. (learnmuscles.com)
Stimulation1
- Bartsch and Goadsby showed that noxious stimulation of the greater occipital nerve induces increased central excitability of supratentorial afferents [10] and vice versa. (asra.com)
Proximal1
- Once the athlete decides to begin the exercise, the fingers (distal and proximal interphalangeal joints) are flexed and strong. (sparktrainingsystems.com)
Glenohumeral1
- Besides the imbalances and postural deviations mentioned above, physical therapists may also find joint dysfunction particularly at the atlanto-occipital joint, C4-5 segment, cervicothoracic joint, glenohumeral joint, and T4-5 segment (3). (cyberpt.com)
Headache4
- Response to diagnostic block of the nerve supply of these cervical structures or intraarticular injection of local anesthetic into the culprit joint is now considered the major crtierion in the diganosis of cervicogenic headache. (asra.com)
- The lateral atlanto-axial joint, which is innervated by the C2 ventral ramus, is not an uncommon cause of cervicogenic headache. (asra.com)
- It may account for 16% of patients with occipital headache. (asra.com)
- These clinical presentations merely indicate that the lateral atlanto-axial joint could be a possible source of occipital headache, however they are not specific and therefore cannot be used alone to establish the diagnosis. (asra.com)
Movements1
- The jaw joint plays a vital role in enabling us to perform all jaw movements like chewing foods and talking. (backinbalanceredmond.com)
Temporomandibular joint2
- This jaw is also known as temporomandibular joint , or TMJ in short. (backinbalanceredmond.com)
- What is temporomandibular joint disorder? (backinbalanceredmond.com)
Atlantoaxial2
- What is the Atlantoaxial (AA) Joint? (centenoschultz.com)
- What are the key components of the Atlantoaxial Joint? (centenoschultz.com)
Disorder1
- Any pain that affects the jaw joints is called TMJ disorder. (backinbalanceredmond.com)
ATLAS3
- Punto de articulación entre el HUESO OCCIPITAL y el ATLAS CERVICAL. (bvsalud.org)
- However, in this updated edition of Atlas of Canine Arthrology, the information provided in the previous version has been enhanced and complemented with new tools, 3D animations, and self-evaluation tests that will help readers acquire knowledge and form a better understanding of joint anatomy and function elements of great importance for each dog's physical health and well-being. (grupoasis.com)
- Atlas en color de anatomía veterinaria. (grupoasis.com)
Pain1
- [13] In human volunteers distending the lateral atlanto-axial joint with contrast agent produces occipital pain. (asra.com)
Hyperextension1
- Hyperextension in joints will be addressed when present and solutions to overcome the harmful habit offered. (mollykampf.com)
Major3
- When using the body and conceptualizing the body, it is very important to know where the major joints are in the body. (alexandertechniqueamelia.com)
- The major joints that are responsible for movement in the body are the AOJ, the hip joint, the knees, and the ankles (and of course the arm joints as well, but I am focusing more on the postural anatomical parts necessary for standing, sitting, bending, etc. (alexandertechniqueamelia.com)
- The major perform of the atlanto-occipital joint is motion in the sagittal plane. (chatstw.com)
Child1
- Here is a side by side comparison of an older women 'breaking her back' to bend down, where the picture on the right is of a young child bending correctly at the joints while maintaining a good use of the back. (alexandertechniqueamelia.com)