AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
AstrocytomaBrain NeoplasmsHypothalamic NeoplasmsGlioblastomaOptic Nerve NeoplasmsGliomaSupratentorial NeoplasmsOligodendrogliomaSpinal Cord NeoplasmsAstrocytesAnaplasiaCerebellar NeoplasmsTumor Cells, CulturedEpendymomaCentral Nervous System NeoplasmsNimustineBrain Stem NeoplasmsGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinGenes, ModifierOptic ChiasmGangliogliomaDacarbazineMagnetic Resonance ImagingMeningeal NeoplasmsMeningiomaNervous System NeoplasmsThalamic DiseasesHypothalamus, AnteriorChromosomes, Human, Pair 10Neoplasm GradingAntineoplastic Agents, AlkylatingTuberous SclerosisEncyclopedias as TopicPrognosisBrain
Astrocytoma
Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)
Brain Neoplasms
Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.
Hypothalamic Neoplasms
Benign and malignant tumors of the HYPOTHALAMUS. Pilocytic astrocytomas and hamartomas are relatively frequent histologic types. Neoplasms of the hypothalamus frequently originate from adjacent structures, including the OPTIC CHIASM, optic nerve (see OPTIC NERVE NEOPLASMS), and pituitary gland (see PITUITARY NEOPLASMS). Relatively frequent clinical manifestations include visual loss, developmental delay, macrocephaly, and precocious puberty. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2051)
Glioblastoma
A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.
Optic Nerve Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from the optic nerve or its sheath. OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA is the most common histologic type. Optic nerve neoplasms tend to cause unilateral visual loss and an afferent pupillary defect and may spread via neural pathways to the brain.
Glioma
Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)
Supratentorial Neoplasms
Primary and metastatic (secondary) tumors of the brain located above the tentorium cerebelli, a fold of dura mater separating the CEREBELLUM and BRAIN STEM from the cerebral hemispheres and DIENCEPHALON (i.e., THALAMUS and HYPOTHALAMUS and related structures). In adults, primary neoplasms tend to arise in the supratentorial compartment, whereas in children they occur more frequently in the infratentorial space. Clinical manifestations vary with the location of the lesion, but SEIZURES; APHASIA; HEMIANOPSIA; hemiparesis; and sensory deficits are relatively common features. Metastatic supratentorial neoplasms are frequently multiple at the time of presentation.
Oligodendroglioma
A relatively slow-growing glioma that is derived from oligodendrocytes and tends to occur in the cerebral hemispheres, thalamus, or lateral ventricle. They may present at any age, but are most frequent in the third to fifth decades, with an earlier incidence peak in the first decade. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, relatively avascular, and tend to form cysts and microcalcifications. Neoplastic cells tend to have small round nuclei surrounded by unstained nuclei. The tumors may vary from well-differentiated to highly anaplastic forms. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2052; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p655)
Spinal Cord Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary neoplasms) or in the space between the dura and spinal cord (intradural extramedullary neoplasms). The majority of intramedullary spinal tumors are primary CNS neoplasms including ASTROCYTOMA; EPENDYMOMA; and LIPOMA. Intramedullary neoplasms are often associated with SYRINGOMYELIA. The most frequent histologic types of intradural-extramedullary tumors are MENINGIOMA and NEUROFIBROMA.
Astrocytes
A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from "star" cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with "end feet" which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and "reactive astrocytes" (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury.
Anaplasia
Loss of structural differentiation and useful function of neoplastic cells.
Cerebellar Neoplasms
Primary or metastatic neoplasms of the CEREBELLUM. Tumors in this location frequently present with ATAXIA or signs of INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION due to obstruction of the fourth ventricle. Common primary cerebellar tumors include fibrillary ASTROCYTOMA and cerebellar HEMANGIOBLASTOMA. The cerebellum is a relatively common site for tumor metastases from the lung, breast, and other distant organs. (From Okazaki & Scheithauer, Atlas of Neuropathology, 1988, p86 and p141)
Tumor Cells, Cultured
Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.
Ependymoma
Glioma derived from EPENDYMOGLIAL CELLS that tend to present as malignant intracranial tumors in children and as benign intraspinal neoplasms in adults. It may arise from any level of the ventricular system or central canal of the spinal cord. Intracranial ependymomas most frequently originate in the FOURTH VENTRICLE and histologically are densely cellular tumors which may contain ependymal tubules and perivascular pseudorosettes. Spinal ependymomas are usually benign papillary or myxopapillary tumors. (From DeVita et al., Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2018; Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp28-9)
Central Nervous System Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges.
Nimustine
Antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors. The resistance which brain tumor cells acquire to the initial effectiveness of this drug can be partially overcome by the simultaneous use of membrane-modifying agents such as reserpine, calcium antagonists such as nicardipine or verapamil, or the calmodulin inhibitor, trifluoperazine. The drug has also been used in combination with other antineoplastic agents or with radiotherapy for the treatment of various neoplasms.
Brain Stem Neoplasms
Benign and malignant intra-axial tumors of the MESENCEPHALON; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the BRAIN STEM. Primary and metastatic neoplasms may occur in this location. Clinical features include ATAXIA, cranial neuropathies (see CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES), NAUSEA, hemiparesis (see HEMIPLEGIA), and quadriparesis. Primary brain stem neoplasms are more frequent in children. Histologic subtypes include GLIOMA; HEMANGIOBLASTOMA; GANGLIOGLIOMA; and EPENDYMOMA.
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
An intermediate filament protein found only in glial cells or cells of glial origin. MW 51,000.
Genes, Modifier
GENES with ALLELES that affect the PHENOTYPE associated with a nonallelic gene.
Optic Chiasm
The X-shaped structure formed by the meeting of the two optic nerves. At the optic chiasm the fibers from the medial part of each retina cross to project to the other side of the brain while the lateral retinal fibers continue on the same side. As a result each half of the brain receives information about the contralateral visual field from both eyes.
Ganglioglioma
Rare indolent tumors comprised of neoplastic glial and neuronal cells which occur primarily in children and young adults. Benign lesions tend to be associated with long survival unless the tumor degenerates into a histologically malignant form. They tend to occur in the optic nerve and white matter of the brain and spinal cord.
Dacarbazine
An antineoplastic agent. It has significant activity against melanomas. (from Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p564)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.
Meningeal Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord.
Meningioma
A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)
Nervous System Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes arising from or involving components of the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems, cranial nerves, and meninges. Included in this category are primary and metastatic nervous system neoplasms.
Thalamic Diseases
Disorders of the centrally located thalamus, which integrates a wide range of cortical and subcortical information. Manifestations include sensory loss, MOVEMENT DISORDERS; ATAXIA, pain syndromes, visual disorders, a variety of neuropsychological conditions, and COMA. Relatively common etiologies include CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; BRAIN HYPOXIA; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; and infectious processes.
Hypothalamus, Anterior
The front portion of the HYPOTHALAMUS separated into the preoptic region and the supraoptic region. The preoptic region is made up of the periventricular GRAY MATTER of the rostral portion of the THIRD VENTRICLE and contains the preoptic ventricular nucleus and the medial preoptic nucleus. The supraoptic region contains the PARAVENTRICULAR HYPOTHALAMIC NUCLEUS, the SUPRAOPTIC NUCLEUS, the ANTERIOR HYPOTHALAMIC NUCLEUS, and the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10
A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Neoplasm Grading
Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the level of CELL DIFFERENTIATION in neoplasms as increasing ANAPLASIA correlates with the aggressiveness of the neoplasm.
Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating
A class of drugs that differs from other alkylating agents used clinically in that they are monofunctional and thus unable to cross-link cellular macromolecules. Among their common properties are a requirement for metabolic activation to intermediates with antitumor efficacy and the presence in their chemical structures of N-methyl groups, that after metabolism, can covalently modify cellular DNA. The precise mechanisms by which each of these drugs acts to kill tumor cells are not completely understood. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2026)
Tuberous Sclerosis
Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules). There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart, kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with the disease.
Encyclopedias as Topic
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Prognosis
A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.
Brain
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Expression and tissue localization of membrane-type 1, 2, and 3 matrix metalloproteinases in human astrocytic tumors. (1/1796)

Three different membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT1-, MT2-, and MT3-MMPs) are known to activate in vitro the zymogen of MMP-2 (pro-MMP-2, progelatinase A), which is one of the key MMPs in invasion and metastasis of various cancers. In the present study, we have examined production and activation of pro-MMP-2, expression of MT1-, MT2-, and MT3-MMPs and their correlation with pro-MMP-2 activation, and localization of MMP-2, MT1-MMP, and MT2-MMP in human astrocytic tumors. The sandwich enzyme immunoassay demonstrates that the production levels of pro-MMP-2 in the anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas are significantly higher than that in the low-grade astrocytomas (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively), metastatic brain tumors (P<0.05), or normal brains (P<0.01). Gelatin zymography indicates that the pro-MMP-2 activation ratio is significantly higher in the glioblastomas than in other astrocytic tumors (P<0.01), metastatic brain tumors (P<0.01), and normal brains (P<0.01). The quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses demonstrate that MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP are expressed predominantly in glioblastoma tissues (17/17 and 12/17 cases, respectively), and their expression levels increase significantly as tumor grade increases. MT3-MMP is detectable in both astrocytic tumor and normal brain tissues, but the mean expression level is approximately 50-fold lower compared with that of MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP in the glioblastomas. The activation ratio of pro-MMP-2 correlates directly with the expression levels of MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP but not MT3-MMP. In situ hybridization indicates that neoplastic astrocytes express MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP in the glioblastoma tissues (5/5 cases and 5/5 cases, respectively). Immunohistochemically, MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP are localized to the neoplastic astrocytes in glioblastoma samples (17/17 cases and 12/17 cases, respectively), which are also positive for MMP-2. In situ zymography shows gelatinolytic activity in the glioblastoma tissues but not in the normal brain tissues. These results suggest that both MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP play a key role in the activation of pro-MMP-2 in the human malignant astrocytic tumors and that the gelatinolytic activity is involved in the astrocytic tumor invasion.  (+info)

Early induction of angiogenetic signals in gliomas of GFAP-v-src transgenic mice. (2/1796)

Angiogenesis is a prerequisite for solid tumor growth. Glioblastoma multiforme, the most common malignant brain tumor, is characterized by extensive vascular proliferation. We previously showed that transgenic mice expressing a GFAP-v-src fusion gene in astrocytes develop low-grade astrocytomas that progressively evolve into hypervascularized glioblastomas. Here, we examined whether tumor progression triggers angiogenetic signals. We found abundant transcription of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in neoplastic astrocytes at surprisingly early stages of tumorigenesis. VEGF and v-src expression patterns were not identical, suggesting that VEGF activation was not only dependent on v-src. Late-stage gliomas showed perinecrotic VEGF up-regulation similarly to human glioblastoma. Expression patterns of the endothelial angiogenic receptors flt-1, flk-1, tie-1, and tie-2 were similar to those described in human gliomas, but flt-1 was expressed also in neoplastic astrocytes, suggesting an autocrine role in tumor growth. In crossbreeding experiments, hemizygous ablation of the tumor suppressor genes Rb and p53 had no significant effect on the expression of VEGF, flt-1, flk-1, tie-1, and tie-2. Therefore, expression of angiogenic signals is an early event during progression of GFAP-v-src tumors and precedes hypervascularization. Given the close similarities in the progression pattern between GFAP-v-src and human gliomas, the present results suggest that these mice may provide a useful tool for antiangiogenic therapy research.  (+info)

Clinical importance of c-Met protein expression in high grade astrocytic tumors. (3/1796)

The clinical importance of the expression of c-Met protein, the receptor of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, was evaluated in neuroepithelial tissue tumors. c-Met immunohistochemistry was performed using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method with anti-c-Met polyclonal antibody. Specimens were classified as c-Met negative (< 30%) or c-Met positive (> or = 30%) according to the proportion of immunopositive cells under microscopic examination. All c-Met-positive cases occurred in high grade astrocytic tumors, not in other neuroepithelial tissue tumors. Most c-Met-positive astrocytic tumors were classified histologically as high grade tumors. Epidermal growth factor-receptor (EGFR) and MIB-1 immunohistochemistry were also performed for high grade astrocytic tumors. Survival analysis was performed for patients with these tumors with variables including c-Met positivity, EGFR positivity, and MIB-1 labeling index. Positivity of c-Met was independent from EGFR positivity and MIB-1 labeling index, and the c-Met-positive group showed a significant shorter survival (p < 0.05). c-Met immunopositivity may be a parameter of biological aggressiveness in high grade astrocytic tumors. Examination of c-Met expression in astrocytic tumors provides significant clinical information, especially as a prognostic factor.  (+info)

Secondary glioblastoma remarkably reduced by steroid administration after anaplastic transformation from gliomatosis cerebri--case report. (4/1796)

A 45-year-old female presented with gliomatosis cerebri manifesting as hemiballismus-like involuntary movement in the arm, motor weakness in the leg, and hypesthesia in her left side. Computed tomography showed only diffuse swelling of the right cerebral hemisphere, but T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed a diffuse lesion spreading from the right thalamus to the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes on the same side. No abnormal enhancement was recognized. Cerebral angiography showed no specific finding. A right occipital lobectomy was performed to confirm the diagnosis of gliomatosis cerebri. Anaplastic transformation was recognized 5 months later. The disease did not resolve with radiation or interferon administration, but steroid therapy achieved remarkably effective tumor regression. The patient died due to pneumonia. Autopsy showed the features of diffuse glioblastoma. Steroid therapy may be an effective treatment for gliomatosis cerebri before the terminal stage.  (+info)

Requirements for measles virus induction of RANTES chemokine in human astrocytoma-derived U373 cells. (5/1796)

Interferons and chemokines play a critical role in regulating the host response to viral infection. Measles virus, a member of the Paramyxoviridae family, induces RANTES expression by astrocytes. We have examined the mechanism of this induction in U373 cells derived from a human astrocytoma. RANTES was induced in a dose- and time-dependent manner by measles virus infection. Inhibition of receptor binding by the anti-CD46 antibody TRA-2.10 and of virus-membrane fusion by the tripeptide X-Phe-Phe-Gly reduced RANTES expression. Formalin-inactivated virus, which can bind but not fuse, and extensively UV-irradiated virus, which can bind and fuse, were both ineffective. Therefore, virus binding to the cellular receptor CD46 and subsequent membrane fusion were necessary, but not sufficient, to induce RANTES. UV irradiation of virus for less than 10 min proportionally inhibited viral transcription and RANTES expression. RANTES induction was decreased in infected cells treated with ribavirin, which inhibits measles virus transcription. However, RANTES mRNA was superinduced by measles virus in the presence of cycloheximide. These data suggest that partial transcription of the viral genome is sufficient and necessary for RANTES induction, whereas viral protein synthesis and replication are not required. This hypothesis was supported by the fact that RANTES was induced through transient expression of the measles virus nucleocapsid gene but not by measles genes encoding P or L proteins or by leader RNA in A549 cells. Thus, transcription of specific portions of measles virus RNA, such as the nucleocapsid gene, appears able to generate the specific signaling required to induce RANTES gene expression.  (+info)

Persistent infection of human oligodendrocytic and neuroglial cell lines by human coronavirus 229E. (6/1796)

Human coronaviruses (HuCV) cause common colds. Previous reports suggest that these infectious agents may be neurotropic in humans, as they are for some mammals. With the long-term aim of providing experimental evidence for the neurotropism of HuCV and the establishment of persistent infections in the nervous system, we have evaluated the susceptibility of various human neural cell lines to acute and persistent infection by HuCV-229E. Viral antigen, infectious virus progeny and viral RNA were monitored during both acute and persistent infections. The astrocytoma cell lines U-87 MG, U-373 MG, and GL-15, as well as neuroblastoma SK-N-SH, neuroglioma H4, and oligodendrocytic MO3.13 cell lines, were all susceptible to an acute infection by HuCV-229E. The CHME-5 immortalized fetal microglial cell line was not susceptible to infection by this virus. The MO3.13 and H4 cell lines also sustained a persistent viral infection, as monitored by detection of viral antigen and infectious virus progeny. Sequencing of the S1 gene from viral RNA after approximately 130 days of infection showed two point mutations, suggesting amino acid changes during persistent infection of MO3.13 cells but none for H4 cells. Thus, persistent in vitro infection did not generate important changes in the S1 portion of the viral spike protein, which was shown for murine coronaviruses to bear hypervariable domains and to interact with cellular receptor. These results are consistent with the potential persistence of HuCV-229E in cells of the human nervous system, such as oligodendrocytes and possibly neurons, and the virus's apparent genomic stability.  (+info)

Simultaneous alterations of retinoblastoma and p53 protein expression in astrocytic tumors. (7/1796)

The genetic alterations frequently involved in glial malignancies are in the tumor suppressor genes, Rb and p53. An altered Rb expression or p53 overexpression is thought to indicate defective tumor suppression and subsequently more aggressive tumors. Therefore, to assess the alterations in the conjoint expression of Rb and p53 proteins in formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections, 64 astrocytic tumors were studied (16 astrocytomas,7 gemistocytic astrocytomas, 19 anaplastic astrocytomas and 22 glioblastomas) using the avidin biotin immunoperoxidase technique. Fifty two cases (81.25%) were found to be positive for p53 protein. Seventeen of these showed aberrant heterogenous staining for pRb, of which 7 were glioblastomas. Only one case of astrocytoma showed aberrant expression of both p53 and Rb. Thus, of the 64 tumors, simultaneous aberrant expression of both p53 and Rb was seen in 21.9% of cases. This was more commonly observed among glioblastoma cases (7/22). No statistical difference was found between the survival rate of heterogenous pRb and p53 positivity in different grades of tumors. In glioblastomas, the survival rate appeared to be less in patients expressing heterogenous pRb, but this was not statistically significant. These results lead us to suspect that p53 and pRb pathways are inactivated, either through mutation or as part of the neoplastic process in astrocytic tumors.  (+info)

Procarbazine and high-dose tamoxifen as a second-line regimen in recurrent high-grade gliomas: a phase II study. (8/1796)

PURPOSE: A phase II study was conducted in patients with high-grade gliomas that recurred after surgery plus radiotherapy and a first-line nitrosourea-based regimen. Our aim was to investigate the efficacy of procarbazine (PCB) combined with high-dose tamoxifen in relation to tumor control, toxicity, and time to progression (TTP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-three patients were treated with procarbazine in repeated 30-day courses at 100 mg/m2/d plus tamoxifen 100 mg/d, with a 30-day interval between courses. Thirty-four patients had been pretreated with a first-line nitrosourea-based chemotherapy regimen (group A), and 19 patients had also been pretreated with a second-line chemotherapy regimen consisting of carboplatin and teniposide (group B). Twenty-one of the patients had also been procarbazine pretreated, whereas the remaining 32 patients were not procarbazine pretreated. RESULTS: The response was assessed in 51 patients, 28 of whom had glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and 23 of whom had anaplastic astrocytoma (AA). There were two complete responses (CR) (4%) and 13 partial responses (PR) (25.5%). The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 29.5% (SE, 6.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 23 to 35.8). Seventeen patients (32%) had stable disease (SE, 6.2; 95% CI, 21 to 33.6). The median TTP was 13 weeks for patients with GBM and 33 weeks for patients with AA (P = .006). The median survival time (MST) was 27 weeks for patients with GBM and 57 weeks for those with AA (P = .006). CONCLUSION: Combined PCB and tamoxifen as a second-line regimen gave a reasonably high response rate in patients with heavily pretreated high-grade gliomas. However, although it resulted in an improvement in the patients' quality of life and/or performance status, it was not followed by an increased TTP or MST.  (+info)

Transcriptional Suppression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Gene Expression in Human Astroglioma Cells by TNF-α and IFN-γ | The...Transcriptional Suppression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Gene Expression in Human Astroglioma Cells by TNF-α and IFN-γ | The...
MMP-2 production by tumor cells has been demonstrated to play a fundamental role in ECM degradation and tumor cell invasion (for review see 5 . The recent finding of reduced tumor progression in MMP-2-deficient mice (57) highlights the importance of this molecule. In this study, we wished to determine how MMP-2 gene expression is regulated in human astroglioma cells, as a strong correlation has been observed between astroglioma invasion and MMP-2 expression (17, 19, 20, 22, 23, 27). Our results indicate that two cytokines, TNF-α and IFN-γ, partially inhibit MMP-2 gene expression and can function together in an additive manner for near-complete inhibition of MMP-2 expression in human astroglioma cells. TNF-α/IFN-γ inhibition of MMP-2 expression was observed at several levels: on gelatinolytic activity as determined by zymography, on protein expression (both ProMMP-2 and activated MMP-2) as assessed by immunoblotting, on MMP-2 mRNA expression, and on MMP-2 promoter activity. Our results also ...
http://www.jimmunol.org/content/161/12/6664.long
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Epithelioid glioblastoma arising from pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma with the BRAF V600E mutation<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Epithelioid glioblastoma arising from pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma with the BRAF V600E mutation. AU - Tanaka, Shingo. AU - Nakada, Mitsutoshi. AU - Nobusawa, Sumihito. AU - Suzuki, Satoshi O.. AU - Sabit, Hemragul. AU - Miyashita, Katsuyoshi. AU - Hayashi, Yutaka. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2014/7. Y1 - 2014/7. N2 - Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is classified by the World Health Organization as a grade II astrocytic tumor with relatively favorable prognosis among gliomas. A valine-to-glutamic acid substitution at position 600 of the serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF (BRAF V600E) mutation, which is commonly found in PXA, has recently been detected in approximately 50 % of all epithelioid glioblastoma (GBM) cases. We herein report a case of epithelioid GBM developing at the site of a left temporal PXA 13 years after the treatment of the primary tumor. The BRAF V600E mutation was detected in both tumors. These findings suggest ...
https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/epithelioid-glioblastoma-arising-from-pleomorphic-xanthoastrocyto
Pathological and molecular advances in pediatric low-grade astrocytoma<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Pathological and molecular advances in pediatric low-grade astrocytoma. AU - Rodriguez, Fausto J.. AU - Lim, Kah Suan. AU - Bowers, Daniel. AU - Eberhart, Charles G.. PY - 2013/1. Y1 - 2013/1. N2 - Pediatric low-grade astrocytomas are the most common brain tumors in children. They can have similar microscopic and clinical features, making accurate diagnosis difficult. For patients whose tumors are in locations that do not permit full resection, or those with an intrinsically aggressive biology, more effective therapies are required. Until recently, little was known about the molecular changes that drive the initiation and growth of pilocytic and other low-grade astrocytomas beyond the association of a minority of cases, primarily in the optic nerve, with neurofibromatosis type 1. Over the past several years, a wide range of studies have implicated the BRAF oncogene and other members of this signaling cascade in the pathobiology of pediatric low-grade astrocytoma. In this review, ...
https://utsouthwestern.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/pathological-and-molecular-advances-in-pediatric-low-grade-astroc
Astrocytoma - WikipediaAstrocytoma - Wikipedia
Astrocytomas are a type of cancer of the brain. They originate in a particular kind of glial cells, star-shaped brain cells in the cerebrum called astrocytes. This type of tumor does not usually spread outside the brain and spinal cord and it does not usually affect other organs. Astrocytomas are the most common glioma and can occur in most parts of the brain and occasionally in the spinal cord. Within the astrocytomas, there are two broad classes recognized in literature, those with: Narrow zones of infiltration (mostly noninvasive tumors; e.g., pilocytic astrocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma), that often are clearly outlined on diagnostic images Diffuse zones of infiltration (e.g., high-grade astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma), that share various features, including the ability to arise at any location in the CNS (Central Nervous System), but with a preference for the cerebral hemispheres; they occur usually in adults; and an intrinsic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrocytoma
Expression of Neuronal Markers, NFP and GFAP, in Malignant AstrocytomaExpression of Neuronal Markers, NFP and GFAP, in Malignant Astrocytoma
Background: Immunohistochemical markers are considered as important factors in diagnosis of malignant astrocytomas. The aim of the current study was to investigate the frequency of the immunohistochemical markers neurofilament protein (NFP) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in malignant astrocytoma tumors in Firoozgar and Rasool-Akram hospitals from 2005 to 2010. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, immunohistochemical analysis of NFP and GFAP was performed on 79 tissue samples of patients with the diagnosisof anaplastic and glioblastoma multiform (GBM) astrocytomas. Results: The obtained results demonstrated that all patients were positive for GFAP and only 3.8% were positive for NFP. There was no significant association between these markers and clinical, demographic, and prognostic features of patients (p|0.05). Conclusions: NFP was expressed only in GBMs and not in anaplastic astrocytomas. It would be crucial to confirm the present findings in a larger number of tumors,
http://journal.waocp.org/article_29601.html
Top Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma Hospitals in New Delhi | CredihealthTop Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma Hospitals in New Delhi | Credihealth
View details of top juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma hospitals in New Delhi. Get guidance from medical experts to select best juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma hospital in New Delhi
https://www.credihealth.com/hospitals/new-delhi/juvenile-pilocytic-astrocytoma
Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma | DiseasemapsJuvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma | Diseasemaps
Find people with Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma through the map. Connect with them and share experiences. Join the Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma community.
https://www.diseasemaps.org/juvenile-pilocytic-astrocytoma/
Anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma - Semantic ScholarAnaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma - Semantic Scholar
A case of anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) in a 9-year-old girl is reported. Histological features of PXAs are cellular pleomorphism of GFAP-positive cells, with intracytoplasmic lipidic vacuoles and a reticulin network, bizarre giant cells, low mitotic activity, and lack of necrosis and of endothelial vascular proliferations. These tumors are generally reported to have a favorable postoperative course. In our case, a poor clinical prognosis and spread of the illness through the CSF was observed. Immunohistochemical features of the tumor, which were histologically anaplastic in nature, were analyzed. There were small foci of necrosis in the sections of the material obtained at the first operation and extensive necrosis in that from the second operation, although the patient had not received radiotherapy between the operations. The presence of necrosis in PXA is an uncommon and significant feature. It predicts the poor prognosis seen in this case, and therefore this report strongly supports
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Anaplastic-pleomorphic-xanthoastrocytoma-Bayindir-Balak/d6fe57c582e5535e192d70047b0bcfca710bc84e
Anaplastic astrocytoma - WikipediaAnaplastic astrocytoma - Wikipedia
Anaplastic astrocytoma is a rare WHO grade III type of astrocytoma, which is a type of cancer of the brain. In the United States, the annual incidence rate for Anaplastic astrocytoma is 0.44 per 100,000 persons Anaplastic astrocytomas fall under the category of high grade gliomas (WHO grade III-IV), which are pathologically undifferentiated gliomas that carry a poor clinical prognosis. Unlike glioblastomas (WHO grade IV), anaplastic astrocytomas lack vascular proliferation and necrosis on pathologic evaluation. Compared to grade II tumors, anaplastic astrocytomas are more cellular, demonstrate more atypia, and mitoses are seen. Initial presenting symptoms most commonly are headache, depressed mental status, focal neurological deficits, and/or seizures. The growth rate and mean interval between onset of symptoms and diagnosis is approximately 1.5-2 years but is highly variable, being intermediate between that of low-grade astrocytomas and glioblastomas. Seizures are less common among patients ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaplastic_astrocytoma
Adult Pilocytic Astrocytoma: An Institutional Series and Systematic Literature Review for Extent of Resection and Recurrence<...Adult Pilocytic Astrocytoma: An Institutional Series and Systematic Literature Review for Extent of Resection and Recurrence<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Adult Pilocytic Astrocytoma. T2 - An Institutional Series and Systematic Literature Review for Extent of Resection and Recurrence. AU - Bond, Kamila M.. AU - Hughes, Joshua D.. AU - Porter, Amanda L.. AU - Orina, Josiah. AU - Fang, Shanna. AU - Parney, Ian F.. PY - 2018/2/1. Y1 - 2018/2/1. N2 - Introduction Pilocytic astrocytoma is a classically benign tumor that most often affects pediatric patients. Rarely, it occurs during adulthood. We present a case series and systematic literature review of adult pilocytic astrocytoma (APA) to examine the clinical presentation, extent of resection, and recurrence rate associated with this tumor in this population. Materials and Methods Our institutional records were retrospectively reviewed for cases of pilocytic astrocytoma in adults. A PubMed search identified English-language studies of pathology-proven APA. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the relationship between extent of tumor resection and recurrence. Results Forty-six ...
https://ohsu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/adult-pilocytic-astrocytoma-an-institutional-series-and-systemati
The Facts - Dealing with Malignant Astrocytoma - Brain-Surgery.comThe Facts - Dealing with Malignant Astrocytoma - Brain-Surgery.com
Malignant Astrocytoma is observed to occur at any age. The low-grade tumor is common in children and adolescents, while high-grade tumor is known to develop
https://brain-surgery.com/malignant-astrocytoma/
An elderly case of malignant small cell glioma with hemorrhage coexistent with a calcified pilocytic astrocytoma component in...
TY - JOUR. T1 - An elderly case of malignant small cell glioma with hemorrhage coexistent with a calcified pilocytic astrocytoma component in the cerebellar hemisphere. AU - Sangatsuda, Yuhei. AU - Hata, Nobuhiro. AU - Suzuki, Satoshi O.. AU - Akagi, Yojiro. AU - Hatae, Ryusuke. AU - Kuga, Daisuke. AU - Yoshimoto, Koji. AU - Momosaki, Seiya. AU - Iwaki, Toru. AU - Iihara, Koji. PY - 2018/1/1. Y1 - 2018/1/1. N2 - Pilocytic astrocytoma is a less aggressive form of glial tumor that commonly occurs in the pediatric population, and its malignant transformation is extremely rare. Here, we report an elderly case of malignant small cell glioma with hemorrhage coexistent with a calcified pilocytic astrocytoma component. An 80-year-old male was found to have a right cerebellar non-enhanced tumor with hematoma adjoining a calcified nodule. The lesion was surgically removed, and a histological examination verified that the tumor was a malignant small cell glioma with hemorrhagic change and the calcified ...
https://keio.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/an-elderly-case-of-malignant-small-cell-glioma-with-hemorrhage-co
buffalogirl - Survivor: Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors in Adults | Astrocytoma | High-Grade Astrocytoma (also called Glioblastoma...buffalogirl - Survivor: Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors in Adults | Astrocytoma | High-Grade Astrocytoma (also called Glioblastoma...
buffalogirl - Survivor: Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors in Adults > Astrocytoma > High-Grade Astrocytoma (also called Glioblastoma) Patient Info: Finished active treatment less than 5 years ago, Diagnosed: over 12 years ago, Female, Age: 53
https://www.whatnext.com/users/buffalogirl
ljl4mj - Lost Loved One: Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors in Adults | Astrocytoma | High-Grade Astrocytoma (also called...ljl4mj - Lost Loved One: Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors in Adults | Astrocytoma | High-Grade Astrocytoma (also called...
ljl4mj - Lost Loved One: Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors in Adults > Astrocytoma > High-Grade Astrocytoma (also called Glioblastoma) Patient Info: Diagnosed: over 8 years ago, Female
https://www.whatnext.com/users/ljl4mj
Prognostic significance of multiple kallikreins in high-grade astrocytoma<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Prognostic significance of multiple kallikreins in high-grade astrocytoma. AU - Drucker, Kristen L.. AU - Gianinni, Caterina. AU - Decker, Paul A.. AU - Diamandis, Eleftherios P.. AU - Scarisbrick, Isobel A. PY - 2015/8/1. Y1 - 2015/8/1. N2 - Background: Kallikreins have clinical value as prognostic markers in a subset of malignancies examined to date, including kallikrein 3 (prostate specific antigen) in prostate cancer. We previously demonstrated that kallikrein 6 is expressed at higher levels in grade IV compared to grade III astrocytoma and is associated with reduced survival of GBM patients. Methods: In this study we determined KLK1, KLK6, KLK7, KLK8, KLK9 and KLK10 protein expression in two independent tissue microarrays containing 60 grade IV and 8 grade III astrocytoma samples. Scores for staining intensity, percent of tumor stained and immunoreactivity scores (IR, product of intensity and percent) were determined and analyzed for correlation with patient survival. ...
https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/prognostic-significance-of-multiple-kallikreins-in-high-grade-ast
101555 | Dayton Childrens101555 | Dayton Childrens
Astrocytes are the most common type of cell in the central nervous system. They perform many essential roles and make up the supportive tissue of the brain. When there is a defect in an astrocyte that causes it to grow out of control, the brain tumor that forms is called an astrocytoma.. Astrocytomas come in four major subtypes: pilocytic astrocytoma (grade 1), fibrillary astrocytoma (grade 2), anaplastic astrocytoma (grade 3), and glioblastoma multiforme (grade 4).. Low-grade astrocytomas (grades 1 and 2), seen more often in kids and young adults, are highly curable because they usually grow slowly, dont spread, and usually are fairly easy to remove unless found in areas where surgery would be difficult. After surgery, theres a chance that chemotherapy or radiation wont be needed.. High-grade astrocytomas (grades 3 and 4), which tend to be seen more in adults, are more aggressive and invade deeper into the tissues. This makes them more difficult to treat. Treatment usually includes surgery, ...
https://www.childrensdayton.org/kidshealth/a/101555
Biochemical signatures of doppel protein in human astrocytomas to support prediction in tumor malignancy<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Biochemical signatures of doppel protein in human astrocytomas to support prediction in tumor malignancy. AU - Comincini, Sergio. AU - Rognoni, Paola. AU - Chiarelli, Laurent R.. AU - Azzalin, Alberto. AU - Miracco, Clelia. AU - Valentini, Giovanna. PY - 2010. Y1 - 2010. N2 - Doppel (Dpl) is a membrane-bound glycoprotein mainly expressed in the testis of adult healthy people. It is generally absent in the central nervous system, but its coding gene sequence is ectopically expressed in astrocytoma specimens and in derived cell lines. In this paper, we investigated the expression and the biochemical features of Dpl in a panel of 49 astrocytoma specimens of different WHO malignancy grades. As a result, Dpl was expressed in the majority of the investigated specimens (86), also including low grade samples. Importantly, Dpl exhibited different cellular localizations and altered glycan moieties composition, depending on the tumor grade. Most low-grade astrocytomas (83) showed a ...
https://moh-it.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/biochemical-signatures-of-doppel-protein-in-human-astrocytomas-to
Gene Mutation Defines Brain Tumors That Benefit From Aggressive Surgery - RedorbitGene Mutation Defines Brain Tumors That Benefit From Aggressive Surgery - Redorbit
Presence of IDH1 mutation determines best treatment for malignant astrocytomas. Astrocytomas are the most common malignant brain tumors. While most patients tumors prove to be quite aggressive, outcomes overall can vary widely, with some patients surviving for many years. Now a new study has found that malignant astrocytoma patients whose tumors carry a specific genetic mutation benefit greatly from surgical removal of the largest possible amount of tumor. Preliminary results of the study were reported at the 2012 American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting, and the teams full report appears in the January issue of the journal Neuro-Oncology. A type of glioma, astrocytomas include the highly aggressive glioblastoma and the less aggressive but still dangerous anaplastic astrocytoma.. We found that the benefit of surgery and how aggressively the surgery should be done depend, in large part, on whether or not patients tumors have the mutated form of the IDH1 gene, says Daniel Cahill, MD, ...
http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1113062895/gene-mutation-defines-brain-tumors-that-benefit-from-aggressive-surgery/
Differential expression of two fibroblast growth factor-receptor genes is associated with malignant progression in human...Differential expression of two fibroblast growth factor-receptor genes is associated with malignant progression in human...
Malignant astrocytomas, which are highly invasive, vascular neoplasms, compose the majority of nervous system tumors in humans. Elevated expression of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) in astrocytomas has implicated the FGF family of mitogens in the initiation and progression of astrocyte-derived tumors. In this study, we demonstrated that human astrocytomas undergo parallel changes in FGF-receptor (FGFR) expression during their progression from a benign to a malignant phenotype. FGFR type 2 (BEK) expression was abundant in normal white matter and in all low-grade astrocytomas but was not seen in malignant astrocytomas. Conversely, FGFR type 1 (FLG) expression was absent or barely detectable in normal white matter but was significantly elevated in malignant astrocytomas. Malignant astrocytomas also expressed an alternatively spliced form of FGFR-1 (FGFR-1 beta) containing two immunoglobulin-like disulfide loops, whereas normal human adult and fetal brains expressed a receptor form (FGFR-1 alpha) ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/91/2/484
Background Astrocytomas are the most aggressive and common human brain tumors - Suppression of KRas-mutant cancer through the...Background Astrocytomas are the most aggressive and common human brain tumors - Suppression of KRas-mutant cancer through the...
Background Astrocytomas are the most aggressive and common human brain tumors characterized by their highly invasive development. of miR-335 in C6 cells enhances cell viability significantly, colony-forming invasiveness and ability. Conversely, delivery of villain particular for miR-335 (antagomir-335) to C6 cells outcomes in development police arrest, cell apoptosis, attack dominance and proclaimed regression of astrocytoma xenografts. Additional analysis reveals that miR-335 focuses on disheveled-associated activator of morphogenesis 1(Daam1) at posttranscriptional level. Furthermore, silencing of endogenous Daam1 (siDaam1) could imitate the oncogenic results of miR-335 and invert the development police arrest, proapoptotic and attack dominance results caused by antagomir-335. Particularly, the oncogenic results of miR-335 and siDAAM1 collectively with anti-tumor results of antagomir-335 are also verified in human being astrocytoma U87-MG cells. Summary These results recommend an oncogenic ...
http://complextraitgenomics.com/background-astrocytomas-are-the-most-aggressive-and-common-human-brain-tumors/
Mitochondrial Lactate Dehydrogenase Is Involved in Oxidative-Energy Metabolism in Human Astrocytoma Cells CCF-STTG1 - pdf...
Mitochondrial Lactate Dehydrogenase Is Involved in Oxidative-Energy Metabolism in Human Astrocytoma Cells CCF-STTG1. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
http://libros.duhnnae.com/2017/jun6/149799844680-Mitochondrial-Lactate-Dehydrogenase-Is-Involved-in-Oxidative-Energy-Metabolism-in-Human-Astrocytoma-Cells-CCF-STTG1.php
Cdk5 mediates changes in morphology and promotes apoptosis of astrocytoma cells in response to heat shock | Journal of Cell...Cdk5 mediates changes in morphology and promotes apoptosis of astrocytoma cells in response to heat shock | Journal of Cell...
The cyclin-dependent kinase member, Cdk5, is expressed in a variety of cell types, but neuron-specific expression of its activator, p35, is thought to limit its activity to neurons. Here we demonstrate that both Cdk5 and p35 are expressed in the human astrocytoma cell line, U373. Cdk5 and p35 are present in the detergent-insoluble cytoskeletal fraction of this cell line and Cdk5 localizes to filopodia and vinculin-rich regions of cell-matrix contact in lamellopodia. When exposed to a 46(o)C heat shock, U373 cells change shape, lose cell-matrix contacts and show increased levels of apoptosis. To test whether Cdk5 activation might play a role in these events, U373 cells were stably transfected with histidine-tagged or green fluorescent protein-tagged constructs of Cdk5 or a dominant negative mutation, Cdk5T33. Under normal growth conditions, growth characteristics of the stably transfected lines were indistinguishable from untransfected U373 cells and Cdk5 localization was not changed. However, ...
http://jcs.biologists.org/content/114/6/1145
Leicester Research Archive: The characterisation of cloned P2Y receptors transfected into 1321N1 astrocytoma cells
Work in this thesis was primarily involved with the characterisation of four receptors, the turkey and bovine P2Y1, and the human P2Y2 and P2Y4 receptors, transfected into the human astrocytoma cell line, 1321N1. It also describes the preliminary characterisation of two vascular smooth muscle cell types, and the generation of P2Y1-GST fusion proteins for the production of antibodies.;1321N1 cells were found to release nucleotides in response to sheer stress, but this was overcome by adaptation of the stimulation method. 1321N1 cells expressing the four receptors were assayed for PLC activity, and the rank order of agonist potency for each receptor was generally consistent with reports in the literature. Nucleotide interconversion at the surface of 1321N1 cells was also examined indirectly using the ecto-ATPase inhibitor ARL 67156 and hexokinase. Although there was no significant effect of nucleotide breakdown on the agonist concentration-responses, it was found that upstream conversion of ...
https://lra.le.ac.uk/handle/2381/29966
Low-Grade Astrocytoma: Background, Pathophysiology, EpidemiologyLow-Grade Astrocytoma: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
Low-grade astrocytomas are a heterogeneous group of intrinsic central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms that share certain similarities in their clinical presentation, radiologic appearance, prognosis, and treatment. The most common intrinsic brain tumor, glioblastoma multiforme, is high grade and malignant.
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1156429-overview
Suprasellar pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: A case report - Surgical Neurology International
PXA are a rare form of astrocytic tumor that is commonly found in young adults and children.[4] Although rare, identification or at least suspicion of, PXA can often be made preoperatively on imaging, given its characteristic location and radiographic morphologic features.[6,12] Although pleomorphic in histology this tumor is considered low grade and has a relatively favorable prognosis. Due to PXAs rarity, including it in the preoperative list of differential diagnoses becomes a significant challenge when the tumor does not behave characteristically, especially if the location on imaging is not the usual. PXA is most commonly found supratentorially, in the cortical regions of the cerebral hemispheres, and typically presents as a cystic mass with a solid, contrast enhancing mural component.[6,12] Definitive diagnosis relies on histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis. The pleomorphic and atypical nature of the neoplastic cells makes an intraoperative diagnosis on frozen sections ...
https://sni.scientificscholar.in/suprasellar-pleomorphic-xanthoastrocytoma-a-case-report/
Grade II Diffuse Astrocytomas In the Spotlight - A Kids Brain Tumor Cure Foundation | PLGA Foundation
Dr. Keith Ligon at the Dana Farber Cancer Institute is determined to discover the mutated driver genes that sustain the unregulated growth of pediatric diffuse astrocytomas (PDAs). These tumors are a clinically problematic subset of the larger family of pediatric low-grade astrocytoma family. They are especially difficult because they are rare and represent a major clinical problem in pediatric neuro-oncology due to their heterogeneous pathology and unpredictable clinical behavior. The multi-year project Evaluation of MYBL1 fusions oncogene in PDA, funded by the PLGA Foundation, represents a significant step to help address the unmet need for discovery in this subset of tumors and in the fullness of time, these genes could serve as targets for drug development….read more…. Then on a different page, please continue the article with the same title as above and then the following:. The Dana Farber Cancer Institutes Dr. Keith Ligons MYBL1 project is designed as a three year initiative. ...
https://akidsbraintumorcure.org/287/news/grade-ii-diffuse-astrocytomas-in-the-spotlight/
astrocytoma - Postsastrocytoma - Posts
astrocytoma - MedHelps astrocytoma Center for Information, Symptoms, Resources, Treatments and Tools for astrocytoma. Find astrocytoma information, treatments for astrocytoma and astrocytoma symptoms.
http://www.medhelp.org/tags/show/1003/astrocytoma?section=subjects
Glioblastoma multiforme - wikidocGlioblastoma multiforme - wikidoc
For patient information click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Marjan Khan M.B.B.S.[2] Synonyms and Keywords: Spongioblastoma multiforme; glioblastoma; glioblastomas; GBM; GBMs; G.B.M; grade IV astrocytoma; grade IV astrocytomas; astrocytoma, grade IV; undifferentiated glioma; grade IV malignant astrocytoma; grade IV malignant glioma; kernohan grade IV astrocytoma; St. Anne/Mayo astrocytoma grade 4; butterfly glioma ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Glioblastomas
MedPix Case - Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma PXA), Cervical spinal cordMedPix Case - Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma PXA), Cervical spinal cord
Intramedullary mixed signal cervical spinal cord mass. No evidence of hemorrhage. Mild expansile remodeling of the cervical spinal bony canal. The tumor enhances heterogeneously
https://medpix.nlm.nih.gov/case?id=2ac21bb1-3f4d-4f1b-bb9d-9fde4603b93a&quiz=t
WHO grade-specific comparative genomic hybridization pattern of astrocytoma - a meta-analysis. - Science ExchangeWHO grade-specific comparative genomic hybridization pattern of astrocytoma - a meta-analysis. - Science Exchange
To detect novel genetic alterations, many astrocytomas have been investigated by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). To identify aberration profiles characteristic of World Health Organization (WHO) grade I, II, III, and IV astrocytoma, we performed a meta-analysis of detailed genome wide CGH data of all 467 cases published so far. After expansion of all given aberrations to the maximum of 850 GTG-band resolution, the frequencies of genetic imbalances were calculated for each chromosomal band, separately for all four WHO grades. Low-grade astrocytoma has already demonstrated one characteristic of glioblastoma multiforme, gain of chromosome 7 with a hot spot at 7q32, but without loss of chromosome 10. In anaplastic astrocytoma, a more complex aberration pattern emerges from diffuse genetic imbalances. Gains of 7q32-q36 and 7p12 become the most frequent aberrations at chromosome 7. In glioblastoma multiforme, coarse aberrations like +7, -9p, -10, and -13 represent the most frequent ...
https://www.scienceexchange.com/publications/654
Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma with anaplastic features | Cancer Survivors NetworkPleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma with anaplastic features | Cancer Survivors Network
My wife had brain surgery on 15th of May. The doctors said that they had removed all of that growth. Now after nearly one and a half month of the operation, I recollect all the symptoms and changes in her behaviour which started about a month prior to the operation.. She used to be an active lady and never showed her phycscal weakness to others. But I started noticing her tired looks. Sometimes she used to drop things like lunch box, forgot to close kitchen cabinets and fridge door and to switch off lights of rooms. We had little arguments over these. Once we were comming out of a party and she stood in the middle of stairs I observed that her left foot was out of sandle. I asked if the footware is broken. She looked at me in a strange way and noded. Actually she was not aware of it. We blamed it on her weakness due to some gynec problem and sought appointment for that. During that period her condition deteriorated. While walking her left hand was not moving freely, left leg also became slow and ...
https://csn.cancer.org/comment/1340472
Stereotactic biopsies of brain lesionsStereotactic biopsies of brain lesions
In the present series, glioma was the most common diagnosis, representing 40.1% of cases (sixty nine patients): 23 (33.8%) were classified as glioblastoma multiforme (WHO IV), 13 (19.1%) as anaplasic astrocytoma (WHO III) and 11 as low grade astrocytomas (10%). Two patients (1.2%) had their lesions classified as probable low grade astrocytoma and one (0.6%) as oligodendroglioma.. The rest of tumors (12.2%) were classified as: lymphomas (7%), metastasis (2.3%), germinomas (1.2%), epidermoid cyst (0.6%) and primitive neuroectoderm tumor (1.2%). Metastasis were originated from pulmonary carcinoma, kidney and colon. Only one case ended in undifferentiated carcinoma as the diagnosis. Two HIV positive patients had B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. From the other 10 HIV negative patients, 5 had the same B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 1 T-cell lymphoma, 2 high grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 1 primary brain lymphoma and 1 a Reed- Steinberg variance of Hodgkins disease.. An inflammatory or infectious process was ...
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2009000100018&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Treatment for Low-Grade Level II Astrocytoma | Cancer Survivors NetworkTreatment for Low-Grade Level II Astrocytoma | Cancer Survivors Network
Progesterone receptors (PR) have been detected in human astrocytomas; however, the expression pattern of PR isoforms in these brain tumors is unknown. Progesterone receptor isoforms expression was studied in 13 biopsies of astrocytomas (6 grade III, and 7 grade IV) from adult Mexican patients by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Progesterone receptor expression was observed at mRNA and at protein levels in 66% and 83% of astrocytomas grade III, respectively, whereas 100% of astrocytomas grade IV expressed PR. Almost all PR mRNA content in astrocytomas grades III and IV corresponded to PR-B. The number of immunoreactive cells expressing PR-B was higher than that expressing PR-A in 73% of the cases. Estrogen receptor-á protein was only observed in 33% of astrocytomas grade III, whereas no astrocytomas grade IV expressed it. These data suggest that PR-B is the predominant isoform expressed in human astrocytomas grades III and IV, and that estrogen ...
https://csn.cancer.org/node/155122
Mitogenic and progenitor gene programmes in single pilocytic astrocytoma cells - Shalek Lab
Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), the most common childhood brain tumor, is a low-grade glioma with a single driver BRAF rearrangement. Here, we perform scRNAseq in six PAs using methods that enabled detection of the rearrangement. When compared to higher-grade gliomas, a strikingly higher proportion of the PA cancer cells exhibit a differentiated, astrocyte-like phenotype. A smaller proportion of cells exhibit a progenitor-like phenotype with evidence of proliferation. These express a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) programme that was absent from higher-grade gliomas. Immune cells, especially microglia, comprise 40% of all cells in the PAs and account for differences in bulk expression profiles between tumor locations and subtypes. These data indicate that MAPK signaling is restricted to relatively undifferentiated cancer cells in PA, with implications for investigational therapies directed at this pathway.. ...
https://shaleklab.com/publication/mitogenic-and-progenitor-gene-programmes-in-single-pilocytic-astrocytoma-cells/
MGMT methylation status and expression level do not correlate with sensitivity to CCNU in short-term cultures derived from...MGMT methylation status and expression level do not correlate with sensitivity to CCNU in short-term cultures derived from...
Adjuvant chemotherapy using DNA-damaging agents has largely failed to make a significant impact on the outcome of patients with malignant astrocytoma. One of the primary mechanisms of resistance to nitrosureas such as CCNU is mediated through O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltrans-ferase (MGMT). This DNA repair enzyme removes the cytotoxic alkyl adducts from O6-guanine, and hence the level of MGMT activity in tumor cells is related to their sensitivity to nitroureas. It has been proposed that functional inactivation of MGMT through hypermethylation of the gene promotor region could be predictive of chemosensitivity. We have previously reported differential sensitivity to CCNU in a panel of 17 short-term cultures derived from malignant astrocytoma. In this study, we determined the methylation status of MGMT using methylation-specific PCR in these 17 cultures. We also assessed the amounts of MGMT mRNA and protein present in each culture using real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry with a ...
http://wlv.openrepository.com/wlv/handle/2436/30197
Plus itPlus it
MR diffusion imaging has been used to study water mobility in normal brain tissue (1, 2), cerebral infarction (2), multiple sclerosis (3), gliomas (4-8), and brain abscesses (8, 9) and to differentiate between arachnoid cysts and epidermoid cysts (10) and other diseases (7, 8, 13, 14). Gliomas are the most common brain tumors. On imaging studies, malignant gliomas usually are enhanced after intravenous contrast injection and show peritumoral edema, whereas, except for pilocytic astrocytoma and giant-cell astrocytoma, low-grade gliomas usually show little to no abnormal enhancement or peritumoral edema. Differentiation of these two types of tumors occasionally may be difficult, because low-grade astrocytomas also may show abnormal contrast enhancement and peritumoral edema. In fact, abnormal enhancement was noted in four of eight patients with grade II astrocytoma in our study, and peritumoral edema was found in four patients.. We found that ADC values cannot be used in individual cases to ...
http://www.ajnr.org/content/22/6/1081
Search Results | jnsSearch Results | jns
Endothelial cell proliferation is a significant biological feature of malignant astrocytomas. The ability of the cells of these tumors to elaborate mitogenic angiogenesis factors has been well documented. However, less is known about the transformational effects that neoplastic astrocytes may have on the endothelial cells within malignant astrocytomas. In this study, the hypothesis that humoral factors elaborated by cells derived from malignant astrocytomas induce transformational changes in normal endothelial cells in vitro is investigated. Conditioned medium (CM) was prepared from exponentially growing cultures of a human glioblastoma cell line (UW18) and from two rat brain-tumor cell lines: an anaplastic astrocytoma (R175A) and a glioblastoma with sarcomatous elements (9L). Subconfluent target bovine aortic arch endothelial cells (BAECs) were exposed for 48 hours to varying concentrations of CM prepared from each of these tumors, and then evaluated for transformational changes. Different ...
https://thejns.org/search?f_0=author&q_0=H.+Richard+Winn
RhoA protein expression correlates positively with degree of malignancy in astrocytomas | [email protected]
Astrocytic tumors are the most common intracranial neoplasms. Their prognoses correlate with a conventional morphological grading system that suffers from diagnostic subjectivity and hence, inter-observer inconsistency. A molecular marker that provides an objective reference for classification and prognostication of astrocytic tumors would be useful in diagnostic pathology. RhoA, a GTPase protein involved in cell migration and adhesion, has been shown to be upregulated in a variety of human cancers. Based on direct analysis of clinical materials, our study demonstrates increased expression of RhoA in high-grade astrocytomas. This observation may be relevant to astrocytoma biology and the development of potential therapeutics against high-grade astrocytomas. Of more immediate consequence, utilization of this marker may aid in the routine pathological grading (and hence prognostication) of astrocytomas. © 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved ...
http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/30178
JCI - Temperature-dependent modulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha...JCI - Temperature-dependent modulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha...
In bacterial meningitis, LPS induces production in cerebrospinal fluid of the cytokines IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), which are the principle mediators of meningeal inflammation. IL-1 beta and TNF alpha induce fever, and elevated temperature may affect cytokine expression. Dexamethasone treatment improves outcome in bacterial meningitis possibly by inhibiting IL-1 beta and TNF alpha. In this report, the effects of elevated temperature and dexamethasone on LPS-stimulated IL-1 beta and TNF alpha mRNA gene expression and protein synthesis were studied in human astrocytoma cell lines and primary cultures of human fetal astrocytes. Cells cultured at 40 degrees C exhibited smaller peaks of IL-1 beta and TNF alpha transcription and protein synthesis compared with cells cultured at 37 degrees C. The addition of dexamethasone before, during, or after exposure of the cells to LPS resulted in temperature-dependent inhibition of IL-1 beta transcription and protein synthesis. The ...
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/115184/pdf
Loss of Inhibitor of Growth (ING-4) is Implicated in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Human Astrocytomas - Klironomos - 2009...Loss of Inhibitor of Growth (ING-4) is Implicated in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Human Astrocytomas - Klironomos - 2009...
Klironomos, G., Bravou, V., Papachristou, D. J., Gatzounis, G., Varakis, J., Parassi, E., Repanti, M. and Papadaki, H. (2010), Loss of Inhibitor of Growth (ING-4) is Implicated in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Human Astrocytomas. Brain Pathology, 20: 490-497. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2009.00325.x ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1750-3639.2009.00325.x/references
About Us - helping to find a cure for Pediatric Low-Grade Astrocytoma (PLGA) CancerAbout Us - helping to find a cure for Pediatric Low-Grade Astrocytoma (PLGA) Cancer
This never-ending cycle of tests, treatments and time spent recovering from surgeries deprives diagnosed children of their childhood. We have watched our son suffer through this disease for almost 9 years. Most devastating of all, we could not stop the tumor from taking his eyesight.. ...
http://imagineananswer.com/why-we-exist/what-we-support/
Protoplasmic astrocytoma | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.orgProtoplasmic astrocytoma | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org
Protoplasmic astrocytoma is a rare variant of diffuse low-grade astrocytomas with histological and imaging features which overlap with other entities. Until recently they were classified as a subtype of low-grade diffuse astrocytoma, however, i...
https://radiopaedia.org/articles/protoplasmic-astrocytoma
Cerebral astrocytoma, childhood | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS ProgramCerebral astrocytoma, childhood | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS Program
A collection of disease information resources and questions answered by our Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Specialists for Cerebral astrocytoma, childhood
https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/9302/cerebral-astrocytoma-childhood
Cancernet - Universidad de Chile
Neuroepithelial tumors. Astrocytic tumors. An increased risk of astrocytic tumors has been observed in patients who receive therapeutic radiation therapy for pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngioma, pineal parenchymal tumors, germinoma, and tinea capitis. In addition, children who receive prophylactic radiation therapy of the CNS for acute lymphoblastic leukemia have an increased risk of developing astrocytomas. Recurrent lesions often signal histologic progression to a higher grade; this malignant progression is associated with a cumulative acquisition of multiple genetic alterations. [4] Pilocytic astrocytoma (WHO grade I) is a grossly circumscribed, slow-growing, often cystic tumor that occurs primarily in children and young adults. [5] Histologically, pilocytic astrocytomas are composed of varying proportions of compacted bipolar cells with Rosenthal fibers and loose-textured multipolar cells with microcysts and granular bodies. This tumor is the most common glioma in children and represents ...
http://bitmed.med.uchile.cl/Summary.html/CDR62900.html
Plus itPlus it
Introduction:. Astrocytomas are the most common subtype of glioma, accounting for about 70% of all malignant tumors found in the central nervous system. Genetic alterations in gliomas have been extensively researched, but epigenetic changes are less well investigated. The aim of this study is to analyze genome-wide patterns of DNA methylation in a set of astrocytic tumors to identify aberrantly methylated genes, which could serve as candidates for new diagnostic markers and/or therapeutic targets.. Material & Methods:. DNA methylation was investigated genome-wide by methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) and hybridization to customized Agilent Human CpG island (250K) oligonucleotide arrays. In total, 18 glioblastoma cell lines, 59 astrocytic tumor samples (4 diffuse astrocytomas WHO grade II, 17 anaplastic astrocytomas grade III and 38 glioblastomas grade IV) and 5 normal whole brain samples were analyzed. Data quality control, normalization and analysis was performed through the arrayQuality ...
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/71/8_Supplement/LB-181
Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma of the cerebellum - ARRS GoldMiner®
Contrast studies -- Coronal post-gadolinium T1-weighted image shows the medial portion of solid component enhancing with contrast material. Note bilateral tonsils sagging into the ...
http://goldminer.arrs.org/inline-eurorad-link.php?id=241466&n=0
Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma | The Neurosurgical Atlas, by Aaron Cohen-Gadol, M.D.
Overview of common imaging features found with Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma, characteristic pathologic findings, and relevant clinical features. Provided recommendation of imaging for the specific lesion.
https://www.neurosurgicalatlas.com/volumes/neuroradiology/cranial-disorders/brain-tumors/subependymal-giant-cell-astrocytoma-sega
CD99: A potential Diagnostic Marker for Differentiating Sub-ependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma From Other Mimickers: A Report of...CD99: A potential Diagnostic Marker for Differentiating Sub-ependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma From Other Mimickers: A Report of...
Background: Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) is inherited as an autosomal dominant disease, characterized by skin lesion and tubers in vital organs, especially brain in three categories including subependymal nodules, cortical tubers and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) is an indolent neoplasm which usually arises at the cauda thalamic groove near foramen monro, although it occurs usually in the clinical settings of TSC, a few number of SEGA has been reported without such history. Its morphology with special cytoarchitecture could be mistaken with other glial brain tumors with similar morphology. Therefore, investigating new markers for differentiating SEGA from other mimickers seems logical rather than other glioneural immunohistochemical markers introduced before. Case: We investigated CD99 expression in SEGA as an adjunctive marker for diagnostic purposes. Five reported cases of SEGA were studied and all of them showed CD99 expression besides usual glioneural
http://ijp.iranpath.org/article_25706_3968.html
Study of Anti Cancer Property of Scrophularia striata Extract on the Human Astrocytoma Cell Line (1321)Study of Anti Cancer Property of Scrophularia striata Extract on the Human Astrocytoma Cell Line (1321)
There are considerable efforts to identify naturally occurring substances as new drugs in cancer therapy. Many components of medicinal plants have been identified that possess substantial anticancerous properties. This prompted us to investigate the effect of Scrophularia striata (an Iranian species belonging to the Scrophulariace family) extract on the growth of astrocyte cancer cell line (1321). The 1321 cell line were seeded in 96-well culture plates in the presence and absence of various concentrations of either leaf and seed filtered and unfiltered extract of Scrophularia striata to determine their probable anticancer effects in comparison with etoposide (chemical anticancer reagent). filtered leaf extract of S. Striata showed strong anticancer effect on 1321cell line as compared to control group (cells not exposed to extracts), and even the group (adenocarcinoma gastric cell line) exposed to etoposide. Unlike the leaf extract, the seed extract activated cell proliferation in all experiments. Flow
http://ijpr.sbmu.ac.ir/article_906.html
Improved grading and survival prediction of human astrocytic brain tumors by artificial neural network analysis of gene...Improved grading and survival prediction of human astrocytic brain tumors by artificial neural network analysis of gene...
Histopathologic grading of astrocytic tumors based on current WHO criteria offers a valuable but simplified representation of oncologic reality and is often insufficient to predict clinical outcome. In this study, we report a new astrocytic tumor microarray gene expression data set (n = 65). We have used a simple artificial neural network algorithm to address grading of human astrocytic tumors, derive specific transcriptional signatures from histopathologic subtypes of astrocytic tumors, and asses whether these molecular signatures define survival prognostic subclasses. Fifty-nine classifier genes were identified and found to fall within three distinct functional classes, that is, angiogenesis, cell differentiation, and lower-grade astrocytic tumor discrimination. These gene classes were found to characterize three molecular tumor subtypes denoted ANGIO, INTER, and LOWER. Grading of samples using these subtypes agreed with prior histopathologic grading for both our data set (96.15%) and an ...
http://www.imbbc.hcmr.gr/content/improved-grading-and-survival-prediction-human-astrocytic-brain-tumors-artificial-neural-n-0
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma | Open Access articles | Open Access journals | Conference Proceedings | Editors | Authors ...
Two related drugs have been shown to shrink or stabilize supependymal giant cell tumors: rapamycin and everolimus. These both belong to the mTOR inhibitor class of immunosuppressants, and are both contraindicated in patients with severe infections. Rapamycin showed efficacy in five cases of SEGA in TSC patients, shrinking their tumor volumes by an average of 65%. However, after the drug was stopped, the tumors regrew. Everolimus, which has a similar structure as rapamycin, but with slightly increased bioavailability and shorter half-life, was studied in 28 patients with SEGA. There was a significant reduction in SEGA size in 75% of the patients, and a mild improvement in their seizures. Everolimus was approved for the treatment of SEGA by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in October, 2010.[1] ...
http://research.omicsgroup.org/index.php/Subependymal_giant_cell_astrocytoma
Early diagnosis of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma in children with tuberous sclerosis | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery...Early diagnosis of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma in children with tuberous sclerosis | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery...
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https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/66/3/370.alerts
Maintenance therapy with everolimus for subependymal giant cell astrocytoma in patients with tuberous sclerosis (the EMINENTS...
Jack - Small but probably important to keep. I recontextualized the results. Laura wrote initially there was no significant increase in tumor volume and I changed it to what you see now.
https://bestbits.ca/section/2016-summaries-2/oncology-solid-tumors-and-neuro-oncology/341-maintenance-therapy-with-everolimus-for-subependymal-giant-cell-astrocytoma-in-patients-with-tuberous-sclerosis-the-eminents-study
Subependymal Giant Cell AstrocytomaSubependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma
RiTradiology.com ดูแลรักษาโดยและเป็นของ น.พ.รัฐชัย แก้วลาย. โลโก้ RiTradiology.com เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของ น.พ.รัฐชัย แก้วลาย. ข้อมูลส่วนตัวของคุณถือเป็นความลับและจะไม่ถูกเผยแพร่ไปยังบุคคลที่สาม. ข้อมูลใน RiTradiology.com ใช้เป็นแนวทาง, ไม่ใช่เพื่อทดแทน, การให้การวินิจฉัย, รักษาและคำแนะนำสำหรับผู้ป่วย. แพทย์ของคุณอาจให้คำแนะนำในการวินิจฉัยหรือรักษาเป็นอย่างอื่นขึ้นกับข้อมูลและสถานการณ์นั้นๆ. ...
http://radiologyinthai.blogspot.com/2009/03/subependymal-giant-cell-astrocytoma.html
Pilocytic Astrocytomas: Well-Demarcated Magnetic Resonance Appearance Despite Frequent Infiltration Histologically<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Pilocytic Astrocytomas. T2 - Well-Demarcated Magnetic Resonance Appearance Despite Frequent Infiltration Histologically. AU - Coakley, Kevin J.. AU - Huston, John. AU - Scheithauer, Bernd W.. AU - Forbes, Glenn. AU - Kelly, Patrick J.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1995. Y1 - 1995. N2 - To determine the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of pilocytic astro-cytomas and to correlate them with the histopathologic findings. MRI examinations and histopathologic findings in 56 patients with pilocytic astrocytomas were retrospectively reviewed. In 38 patients, findings on MRI were compared with those on computed tomography. The tumors occurred at all levels of the central nervous system, including the spinal cord. The intracranial tumors were periventricular (73%) or periaqueductal (9%). All tumors were typical pilocytic astrocytomas and were grade 1 on the basis of the World Health Organization classification. At operation, they ...
https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/pilocytic-astrocytomas-well-demarcated-magnetic-resonance-appeara
Astrocytoma with pilomyxoid features presenting in an adult<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Astrocytoma with pilomyxoid features presenting in an adult. AU - Komotar, Ricardo J.. AU - Mocco, J.. AU - Zacharia, Brad E.. AU - Wilson, David A.. AU - Kim, Peter Y.. AU - Canoll, Peter D.. AU - Goodman, Robert R.. PY - 2006/2/1. Y1 - 2006/2/1. N2 - Pilomyxoid histology is presently considered to occur in pediatric brain tumors. We report an astrocytoma with pilomyxoid features presenting in an adult and discuss its relationship to both the established childhood pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) and recently reported tanycytoma. A 28-year-old man with medically intractable seizures presented for surgical evaluation. MRI revealed a discrete lesion in the right amygdala/uncus region. The patient elected for craniotomy with stereotactic temporal lobe resection and excision of the lesion. Postoperatively, the patient has done well. At 30-month follow up, he is seizure free and without evidence of tumor recurrence. We report an astrocytoma with pilomyxoid features presenting in an ...
https://miami.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/astrocytoma-with-pilomyxoid-features-presenting-in-an-adult
Piloid astrocytoma | definition of piloid astrocytoma by Medical dictionaryPiloid astrocytoma | definition of piloid astrocytoma by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of piloid astrocytoma in the Medical Dictionary? piloid astrocytoma explanation free. What is piloid astrocytoma? Meaning of piloid astrocytoma medical term. What does piloid astrocytoma mean?
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/piloid+astrocytoma
Differentiation of Low-Grade Oligodendrogliomas from Low-Grade Astrocytomas by Using Quantitative Blood-Volume Measurements...Differentiation of Low-Grade Oligodendrogliomas from Low-Grade Astrocytomas by Using Quantitative Blood-Volume Measurements...
Differentiating low-grade astrocytomas from low-grade oligodendrogliomas preoperatively with use of imaging is important for several reasons. First, these two tumor types are well-defined, clinicopathologic entities with distinct biologic and prognostic characteristics for which distinction based on histopathologic evaluation, the current reference standard, can be difficult and not without error (2, 3, 11). The histopathologic evaluation of low-grade glioma is challenged by a mixed cellular component in a given tumor that can lead to subjective criteria for determining the cell of origin, inherent sampling error associated with a surgical tissue specimen, and lack of specific tumor markers. Preoperative anatomic imaging already plays a complementary role by providing information on tumor location, surgical resectablity, satellite focus of tumor, and reactive changes in the adjacent brain-all of which are important factors influencing treatment and outcome, but which cannot be assessed directly ...
http://www.ajnr.org/node/2816.full.print
ReP USP - Detalhe do registro: Enhancement of the citrulline-nitric oxide cycle in astroglioma cells by the proline-rich...
OLIVEIRA, Eduardo Fontana de; GUERREIRO, Juliano R.; SILVA, Carlos A.; et al. Enhancement of the citrulline-nitric oxide cycle in astroglioma cells by the proline-rich peptide-10c from Bothrops jararaca venom. Brain Research, Amsterdam, v. 1363, n. 1, p. 11-19, 2010. Disponível em: < http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.067 > DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.067 ...
https://repositorio.usp.br/item/002130663
Brain Tumors | The Online Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease | OMMBID | McGraw-Hill MedicalBrain Tumors | The Online Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease | OMMBID | McGraw-Hill Medical
The astrocyte, one form of glial cell that comprises much of the background substance of the brain and spinal cord, is believed to give rise to a large category of primary brain tumors, the astrocytomas. These neoplasms can occur in all areas of the brain and spinal cord in children and adults. Although the vast majority of astrocytic neoplasms occur sporadically, they can be seen in patients with the familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome, the Li-Fraumeni syndrome, and central neurofibromatosis (see Li-Fraumeni Syndrome, Neurofibromatosis 2 and Colorectal Tumors). The incidence of astrocytomas is approximately 7.0 per 100,000,1 which means that nearly 20,000 Americans will have an astrocytoma diagnosed each year. The World Health Organization (WHO) classification2 recognizes four grades of astrocytoma (Fig. 73-1). Grade I astrocytomas are slow-growing, noninfiltrative neoplasms, occurring mainly in children and young adults, and include juvenile pilocytic ...
https://ommbid.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2709§ionid=229944245
Pilomyxoid astrocytoma with high proliferation index<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Pilomyxoid astrocytoma with high proliferation index. AU - Pruthi, Sonam Kumar. AU - Chakraborti, Shrijeet. AU - Naik, Ramadas. AU - Ballal, C. K.. PY - 2013/9/1. Y1 - 2013/9/1. N2 - Pilomyxoid astrocytomas is an uncommon aggressive piloid neoplasm, closely related to pilocytic astrocytomas and typically presents in the very young but can occur in older children and rarely in adults. A 12-years-old male presented with focal seizures, headache and vomiting of 10 days duration. Computed tomogram showed a hypo- to hyperdense and peripherally enhancing, solid-cystic lesion in the left temporal lobe. Histopathological examination revealed a characteristic tumor composed of bipolar cells arranged in dyscohesive sheets, angiocentric pattern in a loose myxoid background, with brisk mitotic activity and foci of necrosis. No Rosenthal fibers or eosinophilic granular bodies were seen. The tumor cells showed strong GFAP and scattered p53 positivity, but were negative for EMA. Ki-67 ...
https://manipal.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/pilomyxoid-astrocytoma-with-high-proliferation-index
Silencing GFAP isoforms in astrocytoma cells disturbs laminin-dependent motility and cell adhesion<...Silencing GFAP isoforms in astrocytoma cells disturbs laminin-dependent motility and cell adhesion<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Silencing GFAP isoforms in astrocytoma cells disturbs laminin-dependent motility and cell adhesion. AU - Moeton, M. AU - Kanski, R. AU - Stassen, Oscar. AU - Sluijs, JA. AU - Geerts, D. AU - Tijn P, van. AU - Wiche, G. AU - Strien ME, van. AU - Hol, EM. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament protein expressed in astrocytes and neural stem cells. The GFAP gene is alternatively spliced, and expression of GFAP is highly regulated during development, on brain damage, and in neurodegenerative diseases. GFAP alpha is the canonical splice variant and is expressed in all GFAP-positive cells. In the human brain, the alternatively spliced transcript GFAP alpha marks specialized astrocyte populations, such as subpial astrocytes and the neurogenic astrocytes in the human subventricular zone. We here show that shifting the GFAP isoform ratio in favor of GFAP alpha in astrocytoma cells, by selectively silencing the canonical isoform GFAP ...
https://research.abo.fi/en/publications/silencing-gfap-isoforms-in-astrocytoma-cells-disturbs-laminin-dep
Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma - How is Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma abbreviated?Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma - How is Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma abbreviated?
AoA - Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma. Looking for abbreviations of AoA? It is Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma. Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma listed as AoA
https://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/Anaplastic+Oligoastrocytoma
Pilocytic astrocytoma: A rare presentation as intraventricular tumor - Surgical Neurology InternationalPilocytic astrocytoma: A rare presentation as intraventricular tumor - Surgical Neurology International
1. Budka H. Partially resected and irradiated astrocytoma of childhood: Malignant evolution after 28 years. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1975. 32: 139-46. 2. Last accessed on 2016 Nov 01. Available from: http://www.cbtrus.org/2011-NPCR-SEER/WEB-0407-Report-3-3-2011.pdf.. 3. Das DK. Psammoma body: A product of dystrophic calcification or of a biologically active process that aims at limiting the growth and spread of tumor?. Diagn Cytopathol. 2009. 37: 534-41. 4. Fernandez C, Figarella-Branger D, Girard N, Bouvier-Labit C, Gouvernet J, Paz Paredes A. Pilocytic astrocytomas in children: Prognostic factors-A retrospective study of 80 cases. Neurosurgery. 2003. 53: 544-55. 5. Filippidis AS, Tsonidis CA. Intraventricular brain tumors in children. Pediatr Neurosurg. 1989. 5: 230-3. 6. Fisher BJ, Naumova E, Leighton CC, Naumov GN, Kerklviet N, Fortin D. Ki-67: A prognostic factor for low-grade glioma?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002. 52: 996-1001. 7. Gajjar A, Sanford R, Heideman R, Jenkins JJ, Walter A, ...
http://surgicalneurologyint.com/surgicalint-articles/pilocytic-astrocytoma-a-rare-presentation-as-intraventricular-tumor/
Subcellular distribution of agonist-stimulated phosphatidylinositol synthesis in 1321 N1 astrocytoma cellsSubcellular distribution of agonist-stimulated phosphatidylinositol synthesis in 1321 N1 astrocytoma cells
In an inositol-depleted 1321 N1 astrocytoma cell line, propranolol at 0.5 mM concentration and carbachol in the presence of Li+ induce a large increase (30-60-fold) in the amount of CMP-phosphatidate, the lipid substrate of PtdIns synthase. The actions of both agents on CMP-phosphatidate accumulation were reversed by co-incubation with 1 mM inositol. In cells grown in the presence of 40 microM inositol the propranolol- and carbachol-mediated CMP-phosphatidate accumulation was much smaller (2-4-fold). Propranolol- and carbachol-mediated increases in CMP-phosphatidate accumulation were at least additive in both inositol-replete and -depleted cells. The subcellular distribution of accumulated CMP-phosphatidate was investigated by sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation of a lysate of inositol-depleted cells. There were two coincident peaks of carbachol-stimulated [3H]CMP-phosphatidate and PtdIns synthase activity, respectively. The first peak of accumulated [3H]CMP-phosphatidate and PtdIns synthase ...
https://www.dora.dmu.ac.uk/handle/2086/10760
Download Primary Central Nervous System Tumors: Pathogenesis And Therapy 2011Download Primary Central Nervous System Tumors: Pathogenesis And Therapy 2011
I can sincerely manage this download Primary Central Nervous System Tumors: Pathogenesis and Therapy 2011, membership, and help well not in the lights I want who have not Abers:( -- If the calls think below using for you, its YOUR treatment. It did me that properties want my development communication, but actually in the hardback, then 10BeaconNY12508982 Publisher. Thirdly Abrahams fitting readers that we back feel to point in must address miscellaneous!
http://latinmediausa.com/js/book/download-Primary-Central-Nervous-System-Tumors%3A-Pathogenesis-and-Therapy-2011.php
Novel small molecule protein kinase CK2 inhibitors exert potent antitumor effects on T98G and SEGA cells in vitroNovel small molecule protein kinase CK2 inhibitors exert potent antitumor effects on T98G and SEGA cells in vitro
Tumours of astroglial origin, both malignant glioblastoma (GBM) and benign subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA), pose a serious medical problem. Casein kinase 2 (CK2), a member of the serine/threonine kinase family, has antiapoptotic properties and plays a vital role in glial tumour cell...
https://www.termedia.pl/Novel-small-molecule-protein-kinase-CK2-inhibitors-exert-potent-antitumor-effects-on-T98G-and-SEGA-cells-in-vitro,20,37901,0,1.html
Phase II Study of Everolimus (RAD001) in Children and Adults With Neurofibromatosis Type 2 - Tabular View - ClinicalTrials.govPhase II Study of Everolimus (RAD001) in Children and Adults With Neurofibromatosis Type 2 - Tabular View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Everolimus (RAD001) has been in clinical development since 1996 as an immunosuppressant in solid organ transplantation and has obtained marketing authorization (Certican®) for prophylaxis of rejection in renal and cardiac transplantation in a number of countries, including the majority of the European Union. Everolimus has been in development for patients with various malignancies since 2002. Everolimus 2.5mg, 5mg and 10mg tablets were approved under the trade name Afinitor® for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after failure of treatment with Sutent® (sunitinib) or Nexavar® (sorafenib) in the US, EU and several other countries and is undergoing registration in other regions worldwide. Afinitor® was also recently approved for the treatment of patients with subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) associated with tuberous sclerosis (TS) who require therapeutic intervention but are not candidates for curative surgical resection. Everolimus is being investigated as an ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT01419639
neuropathology blog: June 2010neuropathology blog: June 2010
Drs. David Louis (AANP president) and Anat Stemmer-Rachamimov put together a nice day-long educational session today to kick off the American Association of Neuropathologists annual meeting here in Philadelphia. In addition to our own kind, non-neuropathologists were brought in to give their persepctives on these syndromes. For instance, Dr. Elizabeth Henske (pictured), an oncologist, talked about the spectrum of clinical manifestations seen in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and experiemental therapeutics based on understanding the molecular underpinnings of the syndrome. Given that the genes mutated in tuberous sclerosis (TSC1 and TSC2) inhibit mTOR, Henske said that researchers are looking into the use of rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTOR, as a treatment for not only the more obvious manifestations of TSC, such as subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, but even for reversing learning deficits in children with TSC. In a mouse model of TSC in which there is no pathological evidence of brain ...
http://neuropathologyblog.blogspot.com/2010/06/
Anakinra or Denosumab and Everolimus in Advanced Cancer - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govAnakinra or Denosumab and Everolimus in Advanced Cancer - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
You are being asked to take part in this study because you have advanced cancer that has either gotten worse or is resistant to standard therapy.. The goal of this clinical research study is to find the highest tolerable dose of the combination of Afinitor (everolimus) either with Kineret (anakinra) or Xgeva (denosumab) that can be given to patients with advanced cancer. The safety of these drugs will also be studied.. Everolimus is designed to stop cells from dividing.. Anakinra is designated to block a protein that is involved in tumor development, new blood vessels growing, and spread of cancer.. Denosumab is designed to block the activity of a protein, which may prevent bone complications in cancer that has spread to the bone.. This is an investigational study. Everolimus is FDA approved and commercially available to treat pancreatic cancer that has gotten worse, advanced renal cell carcinoma, and a type of brain tumor called subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. Anakinra is FDA approved and ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01624766?term=sirolimus+cancer&recr=Open&rank=18
Multiple lesions originating from the ventricular wall | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & PsychiatryMultiple lesions originating from the ventricular wall | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
A 92 year old woman was admitted with generalised convulsive status epilepticus. Although antiepileptic treatment was initiated the patient never regained consciousness and died 3 weeks after admission.. Brain CT showed multiple contrast enhancing nodules within the ventricular wall (figure, A and B). The periventricular location of the lesions could be confirmed macroscopically (figure C). Histopathology showed diffuse infiltrates of neoplastic lymphocytes, predominantly centroblasts, with several small necrotic areas (figure D) leading to the diagnosis of a diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Space occupying lesions in the ventricular wall represent a challenging differential diagnosis which includes both neoplastic and inflammatory disorders such as cerebral lymphoma, metastatic carcinoma, gliomas (for example, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma), hamartoma in tuberous sclerosis, and germinoma, as well as tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, neurocysticercosis, and sarcoidosis. ...
https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/69/2/273
What is Astrocytoma | The Brain Tumour CharityWhat is Astrocytoma | The Brain Tumour Charity
Get information about types of astrocytoma brain tumour and their treatments, including pilocytic, diffuse and anaplastic astrocytoma
https://www.thebraintumourcharity.org/brain-tumour-information/what-is-astrocytoma/
Molecular analysis of two putative tumour suppressor genes, PTEN and DMBT, which have been implicated in glioblastoma...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Molecular analysis of two putative tumour suppressor genes, PTEN and DMBT, which have been implicated in glioblastoma multiforme disease progression. AU - Somerville, R. P.T.. AU - Shoshan, Y.. AU - Eng, C.. AU - Barnett, G.. AU - Miller, D.. AU - Cowell, J. K.. N1 - Funding Information: This work was in part supported by the Rose-Ella Burkhardt Endowment Fund.. PY - 1998/10/1. Y1 - 1998/10/1. N2 - The transition from low grade astrocytoma to glioblastoma multiforme is almost always accompanied by the loss of genetic markers from chromosome 10. Recently two genes, PTEN/MMAC1/TEP1 and DMBT, have been isolated from chromosome 10q. We have analysed these two genes for mutations in 21 primary glioblastomas. An exon by exon screen of the PTEN gene using SSCP failed to identify any mutations in this tumour series. In contrast, 38% of tumours showed intragenic homozygous deletions in the DMBT gene. The fact that the majority of gliomas do not carry mutations in either of these genes ...
https://augusta.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/molecular-analysis-of-two-putative-tumour-suppressor-genes-pten-a
Characterization of the Blood Brain Barrier in Pediatric Central Nervous System Neoplasms - - ScopeMed.org - Deposit for...Characterization of the Blood Brain Barrier in Pediatric Central Nervous System Neoplasms - - ScopeMed.org - Deposit for...
Objective: The normal blood brain barrier (BBB) is composed of tight junctions between endothelial cells and surrounding astrocyte foot processes. Breakdown of the physiological astrocyte-endothelial cell relationship occurs in adult metastatic and primary brain tumors. However, the astrocyte-endothelial cell relationship has not been studied in pediatric tumors. Materials and Methods: Utilizing specimens from cases of pilocytic astrocytoma (n = 5), medulloblastoma (n = 5), and low-grade diffuse astrocytoma (n = 1), immunofluorescence were performed using primary antibodies against CD31, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and aquaporin 4 (AQ4). Clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, operative, and histopathological findings were analyzed. Results: Strongly-enhancing areas of medulloblastoma exhibited complete BBB breakdown with sparse GFAP and AQ4 staining around CD31-positive vessels. Moderately enhancing regions of pilocytic astrocytomas exhibited regions of intact BBB and vasculature ...
http://www.scopemed.org/?mno=230722
00133987 | PEIR Digital Library
RADIOLOGY: HEAD: Case# 33608: CEREBELLAR PILOCYTIC ASTROCYTOMA. This two year old child presented with a history of ataxia and loss of motor coordination. T1 weighted axial MRI reveals a heterogeneous low signal mass in the right cerebellum. T1 weighted axial MRI after gadolinium shows enhancement of mass posterior to fourth ventricle. T2 weighted axial MRI shows high signal mass to be posterior to fourth ventricle. Pilocytic astrocytomas are slowly growing neoplasms of children and young adults which usually arise around the third and fourth ventricles. About one half arise in the optic pathways or hypothalamus, and one third arise in the cerebellar hemispheres or vermis. On imaging studies the cerebellar lesions are cystic with variably enhancing mural nodules.. ...
https://peir.path.uab.edu/library/picture.php?/13972/tags/73-radiology/329-head
Vajtai, I<...Vajtai, I<...
Vajtai, I; Varga, Z; Aguzzi, A (1997). Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma with gangliogliomatous component. Pathology, Research and Practice, 193(9):617-621.. Vajtai, I; Varga, Z; Aguzzi, A (1996). MIB-1 immunoreactivity reveals different labelling in low-grade and in malignant epithelial neoplasms of the choroid plexus. Histopathology, 29(2):147-151.. Varga, Z; Vajtai, I; Aguzzi, A (1996). The standard isoform of CD44 is preferentially expressed in atypical papillomas and carcinomas of the choroid plexus. Pathology, Research and Practice, 192(12):1225-1231.. Varga, Z; Vajtai, I; Marino, S; Schäuble, B; Yonekawa, Y; Aguzzi, A (1996). Tubular adenoma of the choroid plexus: evidence for glandular differentiation of the neuroepithelium. Pathology, Research and Practice, 192(8):840-844.. ...
http://www.zora.uzh.ch/view/authors_for_linking_in_citation/Vajtai=3AI=3A=3A.html
Kcnd2 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2) - Chinchilla Research Resource Database
PARTICIPATES IN alfentanil pharmacodynamics pathway; bupivacaine pharmacodynamics pathway; buprenorphine pharmacodynamics pathway; ASSOCIATED WITH early myoclonic encephalopathy (ortholog); pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (ortholog)
https://crrd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/report/gene/main.html?id=12563091
Giant Cell Astrocytoma of the Retina in a 1-Month-Old InfantGiant Cell Astrocytoma of the Retina in a 1-Month-Old Infant
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus | A 1-month-old male infant with tuberous sclerosis presented with leukocoria for an evaluation of possible retinoblastoma. The patient had several Ash leaf spots and multiple subependymal lesions on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. He was found to have a large intraocular tumor in the left eye. B-scan ultrasonography of the mass did not show any calcifications. Given the size of
https://www.healio.com/ophthalmology/journals/jpos/2011-11-48-6/%7B7743d6df-5b1e-41a6-b5e3-4285fe974978%7D/giant-cell-astrocytoma-of-the-retina-in-a-1-month-old-infant
Outcome of Treatments for Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytomas in Children - The ISPN Guide to Pediatric NeurosurgeryOutcome of Treatments for Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytomas in Children - The ISPN Guide to Pediatric Neurosurgery
Everolimus: A phase II trial using everolimus, another mTor inhibitor used as an anti-organ rejection drug, to treat SEGAs in 28 patients with TSC showed SEGA reduction of at least 30% in 21 patients (75%) and at least 50% in 9 patients (32%) (19 ...
https://www.ispn.guide/tumors-of-the-nervous-system-in-children/supratentorial-tumors-in-children/subependymal-giant-cell-astrocytomas-in-children-homepage/outcome-of-treatments-for-subependymal-giant-cell-astrocytomas-in-children/
KEGG PATHWAY: Glioma - Mus musculus (mouse)
Gliomas are the most common of the primary brain tumors and account for more than 40% of all central nervous system neoplasms. Gliomas include tumours that are composed predominantly of astrocytes (astrocytomas), oligodendrocytes (oligodendrogliomas), mixtures of various glial cells (for example,oligoastrocytomas) and ependymal cells (ependymomas). The most malignant form of infiltrating astrocytoma - glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) - is one of the most aggressive human cancers. GBM may develop de novo (primary glioblastoma) or by progression from low-grade or anaplastic astrocytoma (secondary glioblastoma). Primary glioblastomas develop in older patients and typically show genetic alterations (EGFR amplification, p16/INK4a deletion, and PTEN mutations) at frequencies of 24-34%. Secondary glioblastomas develop in younger patients and frequently show overexpression of PDGF and CDK4 as well as p53 mutations (65%) and loss of Rb playing major roles in such transformations. Loss of PTEN has been ...
http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?mmu05214+540786
KEGG PATHWAY: Glioma - Homo sapiens (human)
Gliomas are the most common of the primary brain tumors and account for more than 40% of all central nervous system neoplasms. Gliomas include tumours that are composed predominantly of astrocytes (astrocytomas), oligodendrocytes (oligodendrogliomas), mixtures of various glial cells (for example,oligoastrocytomas) and ependymal cells (ependymomas). The most malignant form of infiltrating astrocytoma - glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) - is one of the most aggressive human cancers. GBM may develop de novo (primary glioblastoma) or by progression from low-grade or anaplastic astrocytoma (secondary glioblastoma). Primary glioblastomas develop in older patients and typically show genetic alterations (EGFR amplification, p16/INK4a deletion, and PTEN mutations) at frequencies of 24-34%. Secondary glioblastomas develop in younger patients and frequently show overexpression of PDGF and CDK4 as well as p53 mutations (65%) and loss of Rb playing major roles in such transformations. Loss of PTEN has been ...
https://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?hsa05214+816
Follow-up After Surgery for Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytomas in Children - The ISPN Guide to Pediatric NeurosurgeryFollow-up After Surgery for Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytomas in Children - The ISPN Guide to Pediatric Neurosurgery
Subsequent visits: Subsequent visits are scheduled every 3 months for the first 6 months, then every 6 months for the next year, and then yearly for 2 years. After this period, the child is seen every 2 years for follow-up. High-risk patients need to be seen more often, and more frequent scanning needs to be considered. The child should be seen by the neurosurgeon. An endocrinologist and neuropsychologist may also see the child if ...
https://www.ispn.guide/tumors-of-the-nervous-system-in-children/supratentorial-tumors-in-children/subependymal-giant-cell-astrocytomas-in-children-homepage/management-of-subependymal-giant-cell-astrocytomas-in-children/follow-up-after-surgery-for-subependymal-giant-cell-astrocytomas-in-children/
Thalamic gliomas: A clinicopathologic analysis of 20 cases with reference to patient age<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Thalamic gliomas. T2 - A clinicopathologic analysis of 20 cases with reference to patient age. AU - Nishio, S.. AU - Morioka, T.. AU - Suzuki, Satoshi. AU - Takeshita, I.. AU - Fukui, M.. PY - 1997/1/1. Y1 - 1997/1/1. N2 - Twenty patients (M 11, F 9; ranging from 1-77 years old) with histologically proven glial tumours in the thalamic region, treated from 1979 until 1994 at Kyushu University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed and analysed in order to elucidate their clinical and neuropathological characteristics. The initial common clinical manifestations were those of increased intracranial pressure or motor weakness. The histological diagnosis of the tumour was pilocytic astrocytoma in 2 patients, fibrillary astrocytoma in 7, anaplastic astrocytoma in 7, and glioblastoma multiforme in 4. The initial treatment was surgery alone in 4 patients, surgery followed by radiation therapy in 5, surgery followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy in 9, and conventional radiation ...
https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/thalamic-gliomas-a-clinicopathologic-analysis-of-20-cases-with-re
Carbonic anhydrase IX promotes tumor growth and necrosis in vivo and inhibition enhances anti-VEGF therapy. - Physiology,...
PURPOSE: Bevacizumab, an anti-VEGFA antibody, inhibits the developing vasculature of tumors, but resistance is common. Antiangiogenic therapy induces hypoxia and we observed increased expression of hypoxia-regulated genes, including carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), in response to bevacizumab treatment in xenografts. CAIX expression correlates with poor prognosis in most tumor types and with worse outcome in bevacizumab-treated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, malignant astrocytoma, and recurrent malignant glioma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We knocked down CAIX expression by short hairpin RNA in a colon cancer (HT29) and a glioblastoma (U87) cell line which have high hypoxic induction of CAIX and overexpressed CAIX in HCT116 cells which has low CAIX. We investigated the effect on growth rate in three-dimensional (3D) culture and in vivo, and examined the effect of CAIX knockdown in combination with bevacizumab. RESULTS: CAIX expression was associated with increased growth rate in spheroids and in vivo.
https://www.dpag.ox.ac.uk/publications/323067
Carbonic anhydrase IX promotes tumor growth and necrosis in vivo and inhibition enhances anti-VEGF therapy. - MRC Weatherall...
PURPOSE: Bevacizumab, an anti-VEGFA antibody, inhibits the developing vasculature of tumors, but resistance is common. Antiangiogenic therapy induces hypoxia and we observed increased expression of hypoxia-regulated genes, including carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), in response to bevacizumab treatment in xenografts. CAIX expression correlates with poor prognosis in most tumor types and with worse outcome in bevacizumab-treated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, malignant astrocytoma, and recurrent malignant glioma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We knocked down CAIX expression by short hairpin RNA in a colon cancer (HT29) and a glioblastoma (U87) cell line which have high hypoxic induction of CAIX and overexpressed CAIX in HCT116 cells which has low CAIX. We investigated the effect on growth rate in three-dimensional (3D) culture and in vivo, and examined the effect of CAIX knockdown in combination with bevacizumab. RESULTS: CAIX expression was associated with increased growth rate in spheroids and in vivo.
https://www.imm.ox.ac.uk/publications/323067
Twist predicts poor outcome of patients with astrocytic glioma | Journal of Clinical PathologyTwist predicts poor outcome of patients with astrocytic glioma | Journal of Clinical Pathology
Results Twist and Zeb1 were widely expressed in astrocytic gliomas, but the expression of the former did not correlate with that of the latter. Stronger Twist expression levels were associated with higher WHO grades (p=0.001), whereas Zeb1 did not correlate with WHO grades. We found no association between Twist and proliferation activity (Ki67/MIB-1), p53 status, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification or neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) expression. There was no significant difference in Twist or Zeb1 expression when primary and secondary gliomas were analysed. Tumours with high Twist expression were IDH1 negative (p=0.009). High hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression correlated significantly with positive Twist expression (p,0.001), whereas it was not associated with Zeb1 expression. Zeb1 expression did not correlate with proliferation, EGFR or IDH1. Nevertheless, we did find a correlation between high Zeb1 expression and low p53 expression levels (p=0.027). Positive NCAM ...
http://jcp.bmj.com/content/68/11/905
Pol. Merkur. Lek (Pol. Med. J.), 2016, XL/235: 025-027 - MEDPRESSPol. Merkur. Lek (Pol. Med. J.), 2016, XL/235: 025-027 - MEDPRESS
Title: Toxic epidermal necrolysis in patient with malignant astrocytoma Authors: Kaczmarska-Turek D, Bartnik P, Kacperczyk J, Orlewski J, Olszewska M, Krasnodebska-Kiljanska M.
http://medpress.com.pl/shop/index.php?id_product=890&controller=product&id_lang=1
Plus itPlus it
High-resolution magic angle spinning proton (HRMAS 1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy produces well-resolved spectra of metabolites from intact tissue specimens. Here we report the results of a preliminary study of 19 human brain tumors obtained by applying this method. Among these 19 cases were 2 low-grade astrocytomas, 1 anaplastic astrocytoma, 8 glioblastomas, 6 meningiomas, and 2 schwannomas. In addition, autopsy human brain tissues from two subjects without any known neurological diseases were used as normal controls. The HRMAS 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements were performed at 2°C on a 400-MHz NMR spectrometer with a HRMAS speed of 2.5 kHz. From these HRMAS 1H MR spectra, we measured the concentrations of 11 metabolites, the ratios of 15 metabolites (resonances) to creatine (at 3.03 ppm), and the spin-spin relaxation time for these metabolites (resonances). Our results indicate that these parameters have the potential to characterize tumor types and grades with statistical ...
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/58/9/1825
Dietary Restriction Promotes Vessel Maturation in a Mouse AstrocytomaDietary Restriction Promotes Vessel Maturation in a Mouse Astrocytoma
Journal of Oncology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies related to breast cancer, lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, skin cancer, head and neck cancer, paediatric oncology, neurooncology as well as genitourinary cancer. The journal provides a multidisciplinary forum for translational and clinical oncology research in the areas of molecular pathology, genomics, diagnosis and therapy, with a specific focus on molecular targeted agents and novel immune therapies.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jo/2012/264039/
Diffuse Astrocytoma and Oligodendroglioma: An Integrated Diagnosis and Management | IntechOpenDiffuse Astrocytoma and Oligodendroglioma: An Integrated Diagnosis and Management | IntechOpen
For the first time, the WHO classification of brain tumors has introduced molecular parameters in the diagnosis of brain tumors. Together with embryonal tumors, the diffuse gliomas have suffered significant changes in diagnosis, prognosis, and response to treatment. A new concept of
https://www.intechopen.com/books/glioma-contemporary-diagnostic-and-therapeutic-approaches/diffuse-astrocytoma-and-oligodendroglioma-an-integrated-diagnosis-and-management
Pleiotrophin promotes vascular abnormalization in gliomas and correlates with poor survival in patients with astrocytomas.Pleiotrophin promotes vascular abnormalization in gliomas and correlates with poor survival in patients with astrocytomas.
Glioblastomas are aggressive astrocytomas characterized by endothelial cell proliferation and abnormal vasculature, which can cause brain edema and increase patient morbidity. We identified the heparin-binding cytokine pleiotrophin as a driver of vascular abnormalization in glioma. Pleiotrophin abundance was greater in high-grade human astrocytomas and correlated with poor survival. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which is a receptor that is activated by pleiotrophin, was present in mural cells associated with abnormal vessels. Orthotopically implanted gliomas formed from GL261 cells that were engineered to produce pleiotrophin showed increased microvessel density and enhanced tumor growth compared with gliomas formed from control GL261 cells. The survival of mice with pleiotrophin-producing gliomas was shorter than that of mice with gliomas that did not produce pleiotrophin. Vessels in pleiotrophin-producing gliomas were poorly perfused and abnormal, a phenotype that was associated with ...
http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:881946
AstrocyteAstrocyte
Malignant astrocytomas are more prevalent among men, contributing to worse survival. Pilocytic astrocytomas are grade I tumors ... Anaplastic astrocytomas are grade III malignant tumors. They grow more rapidly than lower grade tumors. Anaplastic astrocytomas ... Astrocytomas Archived 2012-04-05 at the Wayback Machine. International RadioSurgery Association (2010). Astrocytoma Tumors. ... Astrocytomas are divided into two categories: low grade (I and II) and high grade (III and IV). Low grade tumors are more ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrocyte
Brain tumorBrain tumor
The most common types of primary tumors in adults are meningiomas (usually benign) and astrocytomas such as glioblastomas. In ... The incidence of low-grade astrocytoma has not been shown to vary significantly with nationality. However, studies examining ... Jallo GI, Benardete EA (January 2010). "Low-Grade Astrocytoma". Archived from the original on 27 July 2010. "CANCERMondial". ... The most common brain tumor types in children (0-14) are: pilocytic astrocytoma, malignant glioma, medulloblastoma, neuronal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_tumor
Ben CarsonBen Carson
"Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma: A Review". Medscape General Medicine. 6 (4): 42. ISSN 1531-0132. PMC 1480592. PMID 15775869. " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Carson
Glial tumorGlial tumor
Anaplastic astrocytomas are considered by the WHO to be a grade III astrocytoma and Glioblastoma is a grade IV both are ... The next tumor is never common in the Dns called diffuse astrocytoma and it is considered a grade II, they are benign, or ... Bond, K. M., Hughes, J. D., Porter, A. L., Orina, J., Fang, S., & Parney, I. F. (2018). Adult pilocytic astrocytoma: an ... Glial tumor is a general term for numerous tumors of the central nervous system, including astrocytomas, ependymal tumors, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glial_tumor
GemistocyteGemistocyte
In some astrocytomas, the number of gemistocytes is extremely overwhelming, terming it a "gemistocytic astrocytoma." Not only ... Of these gliomas are astrocytomas, which is a type of cancer that occurs in the brain or spinal cord. The main role of ... Gemistocytic astrocytomas are considered a specific type of diffuse astrocytic tumor that can be characterized by gemistocytes ... In the context of cancer (gemistocytic astrocytomas), gemistocytes are known to de-differentiate to a high grade (III or IV) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemistocyte
ZNF337ZNF337
"Astrocytoma Tumors - Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatments". www.aans.org. Retrieved 2020-05-03. "Home - SNP - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZNF337
Grading of the tumors of the central nervous systemGrading of the tumors of the central nervous system
Grade 1 tumors are benign astrocytomas. Grade 2 tumors are low-grade astrocytomas. Grade 3 tumors are anaplastic astrocytomas. ... The St Anne-Mayo grading system also is used to grade astrocytomas; however, this system uses four morphologic criteria to ... Kim TS, Halliday AL, Hedley W, Convery K (1991). Correlates of survival and the Daumas-Duport grading system for astrocytomas. ... Daumas-Duport C, Scheithauer B, O'Fallon J, Kelly P (1988). Grading of astrocytomas. A simple and reproducible method. Cancer ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grading_of_the_tumors_of_the_central_nervous_system
Alternating electric field therapyAlternating electric field therapy
Johnson, Derek (August 2014). "Medical Management of High-Grade Astrocytoma: Current and Emerging Therapies". Seminars in ... "Initial postoperative therapy for glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma". UpToDate. Retrieved 26 December 2014. Vergote, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_electric_field_therapy
PhakomatosisPhakomatosis
"Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma: diagnosis, screening, and treatment. Recommendations from the International Tuberous ... cortical tubers and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs). SENs and cortical tubers occur in approximately 80% and 90% ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phakomatosis
RTN3RTN3
2004). "Overexpression of human reticulon 3 (hRTN3) in astrocytoma". Clin. Neuropathol. 23 (1): 1-7. PMID 14986927. Hu Y, Fang ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RTN3
SubependymomaSubependymoma
The best way to distinguish it from a subependymal giant cell astrocytoma is the size. The diagnosis is based on tissue, e.g. a ... Earlier, they were called subependymal astrocytomas. The prognosis for a subependymoma is better than for most ependymal tumors ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subependymoma
PrimidonePrimidone
"Primidone-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy in a patient with cerebral astrocytoma". Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 9 (1 ... early 2002 in a patient who had been stable on primidone monotherapy for five years before undergoing surgery for astrocytoma, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primidone
Brodmann area 33Brodmann area 33
"Gelastic Seizures in a Patient with Right Gyrus Cinguli Astrocytoma". Journal of Medicine and Life. 3 (4): 433-436. ISSN 433- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brodmann_area_33
GliomaGlioma
Identification of pilocystic astrocytoma and fibrillary astrocytoma as distinct entities". Cancer. 89 (7): 1569-76. doi:10.1002 ... Of numerous grading systems in use, the most common is the World Health Organization (WHO) grading system for astrocytoma, ... May 1992). "p53 mutations are associated with 17p allelic loss in grade II and grade III astrocytoma". Cancer Research. 52 (10 ... The main types of glioma are: Ependymomas: ependymal cells Astrocytomas: astrocytes (glioblastoma multiforme is a malignant ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glioma
Wirginia MaixnerWirginia Maixner
"Development of a pilocytic astrocytoma in a dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor. Case report", Journal of Neurosurgery, 2007 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirginia_Maixner
Gelareh ZadehGelareh Zadeh
Her doctoral research looked at the role of angiopoietins in astrocytoma angiogenesis. After earning her doctorate Zadeh moved ... Zadeh, Gelareh (2007). Role of angiopoietins and Tie2/TEK in astrocytoma angiogenesis (Thesis). OCLC 234132296. "Dr. Gelareh ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelareh_Zadeh
Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member A1Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member A1
... and 4-hydroxynonenal-induced cytotoxicity in human 1321N1 astrocytoma cells]". Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi = Chinese ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldo-keto_reductase_family_1,_member_A1
Magdalen BernsMagdalen Berns
In July, she announced that she had an astrocytoma that could not be completely removed surgically. She was diagnosed with ... Berns, Magdalen [@MagdalenBerns] (3 July 2017). "My tumour couldn't be completely resected and it's an astrocytoma => not ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdalen_Berns
HypermetabolismHypermetabolism
Astrocytoma: Manifestation: Causes hypermetabolic lesions in the brain Ibuprofen, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and beta- ... 2001). "Diagnosis of Recurrent Astrocytoma with Fludeoxyglucose F18 PET Scanning". The New England Journal of Medicine. 344 (26 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypermetabolism
CataplexyCataplexy
Some of the tumors include astrocytoma, glioblastoma, glioma, and subependynoma. These lesions can be visualized with brain ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataplexy
SHC3SHC3
"Shc3 affects human high-grade astrocytomas survival". Oncogene. 24 (33): 5198-206. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208708. PMID 15870690. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHC3
Muir-Torre syndromeMuir-Torre syndrome
... and a malignant astrocytoma". Dermatology Online Journal. 18 (5): 3. doi:10.5070/D304P4S7FM. PMID 22630573. Grandhi R, Deibert ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muir–Torre_syndrome
NRN1NRN1
Overexpression of the encoded protein may be associated with astrocytoma progression. Alternative splicing results in multiple ... and angiogenesis in human astrocytoma". Med. Oncol. 28 (3): 907-12. doi:10.1007/s12032-010-9537-9. PMID 20405246. S2CID ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NRN1
Matrilin-2Matrilin-2
2006). "Matrilin-2 expression distinguishes clinically relevant subsets of pilocytic astrocytoma". Neurology. 66 (1): 127-30. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilin-2
Rosenthal fiberRosenthal fiber
Pilocytic astrocytoma is the most common primitive tumor found in pediatrics. The fibers are found in astrocytic processes and ... Its presence is associated with either pilocytic astrocytoma (more common) or Alexander's disease (a rare leukodystrophy). They ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosenthal_fiber
OligodendrogliomaOligodendroglioma
However compared to the more common astrocytomas, they are slowly growing with prolonged survival. In one series, median ... Non-classical variants and combined tumors of both oligodendroglioma and astrocytoma differentiation are seen, making this ... are more common in classic oligodendrogliomas than in either astrocytomas or oligoastrocytomas. In one study, classic ... Oligodendrogliomas must be differentiated from the more common astrocytoma. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligodendroglioma
Substance PSubstance P
Palma C, Manzini S (Jan 1998). "Substance P induces secretion of immunomodulatory cytokines by human astrocytoma cells". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_P
Membrane progesterone receptorMembrane progesterone receptor
Recently, it has also been discovered that mPRα and mPRβ are clearly expressed at mRNA and protein levels in astrocytoma cells ... Recent studies suggest that some progesterone actions in astrocytoma cells (the most common and malignant human brain tumors) ... "Expression and hormonal regulation of membrane progesterone receptors in human astrocytoma cells". The Journal of Steroid ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_progesterone_receptor
NTHL1NTHL1
Jiang Z, Hu J, Li X, Jiang Y, Zhou W, Lu D (2006). "Expression analyses of 27 DNA repair genes in astrocytoma by TaqMan low- ... Low expression of NTHL1 is associated with initiation and development of astrocytoma. Low expression of NTHL1 is also found in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTHL1
John BarberoJohn Barbero
In February 2009, Barbero was diagnosed with Astrocytoma, an inoperable brain tumor. Even though he continued his PA announcing ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Barbero
Astrocytoma Differential DiagnosesAstrocytoma Differential Diagnoses
Two classes of astrocytic tumors are recognized: those with narrow zones of infiltration (eg, pilocytic astrocytoma, ... subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma) and those with diffuse zo... ... Astrocytomas are central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms in which the predominant cell type is derived from an immortalized ... encoded search term (Astrocytoma) and Astrocytoma What to Read Next on Medscape ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/283453-159676/what-are-the-differential-diagnoses-for-astrocytoma
Astrocytoma Differential DiagnosesAstrocytoma Differential Diagnoses
Two classes of astrocytic tumors are recognized: those with narrow zones of infiltration (eg, pilocytic astrocytoma, ... subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma) and those with diffuse zo... ... Astrocytomas are central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms in which the predominant cell type is derived from an immortalized ... encoded search term (Astrocytoma) and Astrocytoma What to Read Next on Medscape ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/283453-differential
Astrocytoma - WikipediaAstrocytoma - Wikipedia
... died from Grade IV Astrocytoma. "What Is Astrocytoma?". WebMD. Retrieved 1 July 2021. Astrocytoma at eMedicine "Astrocytoma". ... Various types of astrocytomas are given these WHO grades: According to the WHO data, the lowest grade astrocytomas (grade I) ... Cancer.Net: Astrocytoma, Childhood Imaging Astrocytoma MR, CT, Pathology (Articles with short description, Short description is ... A pathological specimen of a gemistocytic astrocytoma MRI scans of an astrocytoma patient, showing tumor progression over the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrocytoma
Astrocytoma News, ResearchAstrocytoma News, Research
Among the various types of cancerous brain tumors, 70% are astrocytomas. Fatal in as many as 90% of cases, astrocytomas ... Study identifies genetic alterations with potential to promote aggressiveness of astrocytomas ... that spurs cancer cells to self-destruct has been cleared for use in a clinical trial of patients with anaplastic astrocytoma, ... tested a novel combination treatment approach on mice with tumors with characteristics similar to human astrocytomas--a type of ...
https://www.news-medical.net/?tag=/Astrocytoma
Low-Grade Astrocytoma (LGA) - Neurosurgery | UCLA HealthLow-Grade Astrocytoma (LGA) - Neurosurgery | UCLA Health
Low-grade astrocytomas (Grade 2 astrocytoma) are uncommon tumors, accounting for about 10 percent to 15 percent of gliomas. ... So-called benign or low-grade astrocytomas (Grade 2 astrocytoma) are uncommon tumors, accounting for about 10 percent to 15 ... Often, low-grade astrocytomas are best removed with the aid of intra-operative MRI, allowing the most complete, safest surgery ... A near-complete resection (less than 10 cc of residual tumor) of low-grade astrocytomas prevents tumor recurrence for longer ...
https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/neurosurgery/conditions-treated/low-grade-astrocytoma-lga
SK-MG-08 - Human Brain Cancer - Astrocytoma Cell Line | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterSK-MG-08 - Human Brain Cancer - Astrocytoma Cell Line | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Source This cell line was established from a brain metastasis in a person with astrocytoma. ... Astrocytoma Description SK-MG-08 is a human brain cancer cell line. ... This cell line was established from a brain metastasis in a person with astrocytoma. ...
https://www.mskcc.org/research-advantage/support/technology/tangible-material/sk-mg-08-human-brain-cancer-astrocytoma-cell-line
anaplastic astrocytoma Clinical Research Trials | CenterWatchanaplastic astrocytoma Clinical Research Trials | CenterWatch
anaplastic astrocytoma Clinical Research Trial Listings on CenterWatch ...
https://www.centerwatch.com/clinical-trials/listings/search/?q=anaplastic+astrocytoma&page=5
Low-Grade Astrocytoma: Background, Pathophysiology, EpidemiologyLow-Grade Astrocytoma: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
Low-grade astrocytomas are a heterogeneous group of intrinsic central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms that share certain ... Diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutant (WHO grade II) is described as a diffusely infiltrating astrocytoma with a mutation in either ... Diffuse astrocytoma, NOS is a tumor with histopathological features of a diffuse astrocytoma in which IDH mutation status has ... Juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas have a median age at diagnosis that is about a decade younger than other low-grade astrocytomas ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1156429-overview
Astrocytoma Grade III-Survivor - Page 6 - Cancer Survivors NetworkAstrocytoma Grade III-Survivor - Page 6 - Cancer Survivors Network
Grade III Astrocytoma Thanks for the encouragement. My husband is being treated at Mass General Hospital. I must say that ... Astrocytoma survivor. I had a Grade 1 Astrocytoma removed from my front right hemisphere in 01/2004. I have had no reoccurrance ... Anaplastic Astrocytoma stage 3 Survivor- 5+ yrs. All the Glory goes to God. The tumor was in my right frontal lobe 3cm, with ... I have anaplastic astrocytoma grade 3. they tell me ill have this the rest of my life. ill be on chemo and seizure med for rest ...
https://csn.cancer.org/discussion/comment/1132986
Astrocytoma - Childhood: Latest Research | Cancer.NetAstrocytoma - Childhood: Latest Research | Cancer.Net
Use the menu to see other pages.Doctors are working to learn more about astrocytoma. This includes ways to prevent it and how ... You will read about the scientific research being done to learn more about astrocytoma and how to treat it. ... to provide the best care to children diagnosed with astrocytoma. The following areas of research may include new options for ... Astrocytoma - Childhood: Latest Research. Approved by the Cancer.Net Editorial Board, 08/2021 ...
https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/astrocytoma-childhood/latest-research
Posterior fossa astrocytoma | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.orgPosterior fossa astrocytoma | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org
Approximately 60% of all pediatric astrocytomas are found in the posterior fossa (20% brainstem, 40% cerebellum). ... ... Posterior fossa astrocytomas, those arising either from the cerebellum or from the brainstem are most frequently seen in ... low-grade diffuse astrocytoma * fibrillary astrocytoma (no longer recognized). * protoplasmic astrocytoma (no longer recognized ... Many types of astrocytoma are found in the posterior fossa of children, however, two make up the majority of cases:. *. ...
https://radiopaedia.org/articles/posterior-fossa-astrocytoma?lang=us
astrocytoma Grade III - Cancer Survivors Networkastrocytoma Grade III - Cancer Survivors Network
Please share your treatment experiences with an astrocytoma grade III ... I am a Astrocytoma Grade 3 survivor it has been stable for almost a year. It has been hard, but at the end of the day I have ... I am a Astrocytoma Grade 3 survivor it has been stable for almost a year. It has been hard, but at the end of the day I have ... astrocytoma grade 111. Hi Thank you so much for your reply!! God bless you in your battle! My Husband was diagnosed in August ...
https://csn.cancer.org/discussion/comment/678583/
who grade iv astrocytoma - Keyword Search - Science Photo Librarywho grade iv astrocytoma - Keyword Search - Science Photo Library
Keyword search for who grade iv astrocytoma
https://www.sciencephoto.com/keyword/who-grade-iv-astrocytoma
Speak to Analyst - Anaplastic Astrocytoma - Pipeline Review, 2020Speak to Analyst - Anaplastic Astrocytoma - Pipeline Review, 2020
... provides a comprehensive overview of the drugs that are in the R&D pipeline for anaplastic astrocytoma ...
https://www.fortunebusinessinsights.com/enquiry/speak-to-analyst-pop/anaplastic-astrocytoma-pipeline-100900
Astrocytoma Grade 3 use of CBD Oil during chemo | Mayo Clinic ConnectAstrocytoma Grade 3 use of CBD Oil during chemo | Mayo Clinic Connect
Astrocytoma Grade 3 use of CBD Oil during chemo. Posted by bethanderson49 @bethanderson49, Nov 3, 2020 ... Hi Beth, my daughter (now aged 27) has a Grade 3 Astrocytoma too, with similar experience re operations, radio and chemo. She ... mepowers and @eileen61 may also have some thoughts to add about temodar and treating an astrocytoma. ... mepowers and @eileen61 may also have some thoughts to add about temodar and treating an astrocytoma. ...
https://connect.mayoclinic.org/discussion/astrocytoma-grade-3-use-of-cbd-oil-during-chemo/?pg=1#comment-326665
Pilocytic Astrocytoma Archives - Rally FoundationPilocytic Astrocytoma Archives - Rally Foundation
Brain Cancer. Charley was born on August 13th 2013. She was healthy and beautiful with 10 fingers and 10 toes, she was the happiest baby Id ever seen. She was perfect! At 2 months old I started to think she was a little on the small side. I asked her doctor and he said that she ...
https://rallyfoundation.org/tag/pilocytic-astrocytoma/
Operated low grade astrocytomas: a long term PET study on the effect of radiotherapy | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &...Operated low grade astrocytomas: a long term PET study on the effect of radiotherapy | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &...
Operated low grade astrocytomas: a long term PET study on the effect of radiotherapy ... Operated low grade astrocytomas: a long term PET study on the effect of radiotherapy ... Operated low grade astrocytomas: a long term PET study on the effect of radiotherapy ...
https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/66/5/644.share
Grading of astrocytomas using a Quantimet 720 image-analysing computer. | Journal of Clinical PathologyGrading of astrocytomas using a Quantimet 720 image-analysing computer. | Journal of Clinical Pathology
Copyright © 2022 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & Association of Clinical Pathologists. All rights reserved.. ...
https://jcp.bmj.com/content/31/5/469.altmetrics
Juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas do not undergo spontaneous malignant transformation: grounds for designation as hamartomas |...Juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas do not undergo spontaneous malignant transformation: grounds for designation as hamartomas |...
Juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas do not undergo spontaneous malignant transformation: grounds for designation as hamartomas ... Juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas do not undergo spontaneous malignant transformation: grounds for designation as hamartomas ...
https://bjo.bmj.com/content/92/1/40.responses
Platform-Independent Genome-Wide Pattern of DNA Copy-Number Alterations Predicting Astrocytoma Survival and Response to...Platform-Independent Genome-Wide Pattern of DNA Copy-Number Alterations Predicting Astrocytoma Survival and Response to...
... is an even better predictor of astrocytoma outcome. Recurring DNA CNAs have been observed in astrocytoma tumors genomes for ... lower-grade astrocytoma (LGA) brain tumor and normal DNA copy-number profiles. A genome-wide tumor-exclusive pattern of DNA ... grade IV astrocytoma, where GBM-specific CNAs encode for enhanced opportunities for transformation and proliferation via growth ... which are the best indicators of astrocytoma currently in clinical use, and laboratory tests. The pattern is also statistically ...
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0164546
Glioblastoma Anaplastic Astrocytoma Case Study | Pharm-OlamGlioblastoma Anaplastic Astrocytoma Case Study | Pharm-Olam
Glioblastoma Anaplastic Astrocytoma. A Pharm-Olam Case Study. Read the Case Study ... Anaplastic Astrocytoma. This type of brain tumor has very few available therapies, so this studys goal is to assist in ...
https://www.pharm-olam.com/glioblastoma-anaplastic-astrocytoma-case-study
T7-12 spinal astrocytoma - Surgical Neurology InternationalT7-12 spinal astrocytoma - Surgical Neurology International
Low-Grade Astrocytoma Differential DiagnosesLow-Grade Astrocytoma Differential Diagnoses
Low-grade astrocytomas are a heterogeneous group of intrinsic central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms that share certain ... encoded search term (Low-Grade Astrocytoma) and Low-Grade Astrocytoma What to Read Next on Medscape ... Low-Grade Astrocytoma Differential Diagnoses. Updated: Aug 04, 2022 * Author: George I Jallo, MD; Chief Editor: Stephen L ... Pedersen CL, Romner B. Current treatment of low grade astrocytoma: a review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2013 Jan. 115(1):1-8. [QxMD ...
https://emedicine.staging.medscape.com/article/1156429-differential
IMSEAR at SEARO: Solitary retinal astrocytoma.IMSEAR at SEARO: Solitary retinal astrocytoma.
Solitary retinal astrocytoma.. Authors: Pathak, Swarup. Chatterjee, Pranab Kumar. Das, Sayan. Majumder, Niloy. Ghosh, Ratan ... Solitary retinal astrocytoma. Journal of the Indian Medical Association. 2008 Dec; 106(12): 809. ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/98919
The extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways are involved in manganese toxicity in rat astrocytoma C6 cellsThe extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways are involved in manganese toxicity in rat astrocytoma C6 cells
In the present study, we employed rat astrocytoma C6 cells as a sensitive experimental model for investigating molecular ... The extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways are involved in manganese toxicity in rat astrocytoma C6 cells. .noexiste{ color ... The extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways are involved in manganese toxicity in rat astrocytoma C6 cells; Pergamon- ...
https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/handle/11336/66461
p53 expression in astrocytomas: an immunohistochemical study<...
p53 expression in astrocytomas: an immunohistochemical study. J. Tomlinson, S. Carrello, Hugh Dawkins, P. Jacobsen, P. Robbins ... p53 expression in astrocytomas: an immunohistochemical study. 38th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Royal College of ... p53 expression in astrocytomas: an immunohistochemical study. / Tomlinson, J.; Carrello, S.; Dawkins, Hugh et al. ... Tomlinson J, Carrello S, Dawkins H, Jacobsen P, Robbins P. p53 expression in astrocytomas: an immunohistochemical study. In ...
https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/p53-expression-in-astrocytomas-an-immunohistochemical-study
An Overview of Low Grade Astrocytoma - Health Guide InfoAn Overview of Low Grade Astrocytoma - Health Guide Info
Low grade astrocytoma is a fairly uncommon tumor, occurring in about 10 to 15 percent of all cases of brain tumors. It ... An astrocytoma is a kind of brain tumor or glioma. Grade 2 astrocytoma is also known as low grade astrocytoma. It is not a ... If the astrocytoma continues to remain benign over a period of time and reveals minimal change, the best approach may be to ... Incidence of Low Grade Astrocytoma. In the United States, each year about 5.4 cases per 100,000 adults are diagnosed with ...
https://www.healthguideinfo.com/brain-cancer/p102153/
Evolutionary etiology of high-grade astrocytomasEvolutionary etiology of high-grade astrocytomas
... indicate ordered grade-specific perturbations that yield high-grade astrocytomas (anaplastic astrocytomas and GBMs). Impaired ...
https://scholars.uab.edu/display/pub2155894
Introduction: Malignant astrocytomas<...
Introduction : Malignant astrocytomas. / Aiken, R. D.; Jaeckle, K. A.. In: Seminars in oncology, Vol. 21, No. 2, 01.01.1994.. ... Aiken, R. D. ; Jaeckle, K. A. / Introduction : Malignant astrocytomas. In: Seminars in oncology. 1994 ; Vol. 21, No. 2. ... Aiken, R. D., & Jaeckle, K. A. (1994). Introduction: Malignant astrocytomas. Seminars in oncology, 21(2). ... Aiken, RD & Jaeckle, KA 1994, Introduction: Malignant astrocytomas, Seminars in oncology, vol. 21, no. 2. ...
https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/introduction-malignant-astrocytomas
Best Doctors for Astrocytoma in Abbottabad - Book Online Appointment | InstacareBest Doctors for Astrocytoma in Abbottabad - Book Online Appointment | Instacare
from the List of Top Astrocytoma in Abbottabad. ... Appointment and Consultation with Best Doctors for Astrocytoma ... How can I book an appointment with a doctor of Astrocytoma? Click here to book an appointment with a Best Doctor of Astrocytoma ... Astrocytoma Radiology Pathology Labs In Pakistan. Labs in Lahore Labs in Karachi Labs in Islamabad Labs in Rawalpindi Labs in ... Best Doctors For Astrocytoma in Abbottabad. Last Updated On Thursday, December 1, 2022. No Result Found.. ...
https://instacare.pk/treatments/astrocytoma/abbottabad
TumorsGliomaTumorGliomasGiant cell astrocytomaOligodendrogliomasHigh-grade astrocytomasGlioblastoma multiformeGlioblastomasDiagnosisCancerPrognosisDiffuse astrocytomasMedulloblastomaSubependymal giant cell astrocytomasPilocytic astrocytoma with anaplasticEpendymomasRecurrentAnaplastic astrocytoma gradeSubtypePrognosticDiagnosesFindingsTreatmentsSurvivalGrade III AstrocytomaTreatmentMelanomaAdultsJuvenilePediatric and adultHuman astrocytomasRetinal astrocytomaProgressionSymptomsPatients
Tumors31
  • Astrocytomas in the base of the brain are more common in young people and account for roughly 75% of neuroepithelial tumors. (wikipedia.org)
  • In a study funded by the National Institutes of Health, researchers tested a novel combination treatment approach on mice with tumors with characteristics similar to human astrocytomas--a type of slow-growing glioma--and found tumor regression in 60 percent of the mice treated. (news-medical.net)
  • Low-grade astrocytomas are primary tumors (rather than extraaxial or metastatic tumors) of the brain. (medscape.com)
  • The corresponding tumors are astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas. (medscape.com)
  • Tumors without any of these features were classified as grade I. Tumors with cytological atypia alone were considered grade II (diffuse astrocytoma). (medscape.com)
  • Pilocytic astrocytomas are low-grade gliomas , slow-growing tumors that arise from glial cells. (dana-farber.org)
  • So-called benign or low-grade astrocytomas (Grade 2 astrocytoma) are uncommon tumors, accounting for about 10 percent to 15 percent of gliomas . (uclahealth.org)
  • About 10 to 20 percent of these tumors are low grade astrocytomas in adults, and the incidence is about 25 percent in children. (healthguideinfo.com)
  • Although common among adult intracranial neoplasms, pediatric malignant astrocytomas (PMAs) comprise a relatively small proportion of the brain tumors that occur in children. (elsevier.com)
  • In total, our data suggest at least one significant distinction between the genetic etiology of pediatric and adult astrocytomas and additionally reveal that analysis of PTEN mutations in PMA patients may be useful in the differential diagnosis of these tumors. (elsevier.com)
  • Anaplastic astrocytoma is a malignant brain tumor witha median survival for patients of 3 years from initial diagnosis, despite intervention through surgery, radiation and chemotherapy primary brain tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with varied treatment strategies and outcomes. (firebaseapp.com)
  • Glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma ana are two of the most common primary brain tumors in adults. (firebaseapp.com)
  • Anaplastic astrocytomas are who grade iii lesions, with imaging appearances and prognosis between those of diffuse lowgrade astrocytomas who grade ii and glioblastomas who iv, and similarly, they are classified on the basis of idh mutation as idhmutant, idhwildtype and nos when idh status is unavailable on imaging, these tumors share common features with diffuse lowgrade. (firebaseapp.com)
  • Astrocytic tumors include astrocytomas (can be noncancerous), anaplastic astrocytomas, and glioblastomas. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Doctors may also use this combination of treatments for people with astrocytoma tumors that have returned after initial treatment. (nyulangone.org)
  • Astrocytomas are common tumors and grade is an important parameter in determining the treatment modalities. (ijpmonline.org)
  • The apoptotic ratio can clearly distinguish pilocytic astrocytomas from other tumors, and this biological feature may reflect less aggressive growth of pilocytic astrocytomas. (elsevier.com)
  • Glioma is an umbrella term used to describe the different types of glial tumors: astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and glioblastoma. (mayfieldclinic.com)
  • It has been associated with central nervous system tumors such as primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia and germinomas, but desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma has not yet been reported with Down's syndrome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma (DIA) and desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma (DIG) are classified as glioneuronal and neuronal tumors by the 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The high-grade malignant brain tumors, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and anaplastic astrocytoma (AA). (bhimar.org)
  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has become an essential tool in diagnosis of brain tumors and helps in predicting the prognosis of certain brain including astrocytomas. (ekb.eg)
  • We conclude that PROX1 is a new prognostic biomarker for 1p19q non-codeleted high-grade astrocytomas that have progressed from pre-existing low-grade tumors and harbor IDH mutations. (scilifelab.se)
  • Childhood astrocytomas are tumors that form in cells called astrocytes. (onlymyhealth.com)
  • High-grade astrocytomas are fast-growing, malignant tumors. (onlymyhealth.com)
  • Low-grade astrocytomas are slow-growing tumors that are less likely to be malignant. (onlymyhealth.com)
  • IDH1 mutations are the earliest detectable genetic alteration in precursor low-grade diffuse astrocytomas and in oligodendrogliomas, indicating that these tumors are derived from neural precursor cells that differ from those of primary glioblastomas. (semanticscholar.org)
  • More aggressive treatment with RT and chemotherapy may be required for patients with a poor prognosis, such as those with diffuse astrocytoma, 1p/19q nondeleted tumors, or IDH1 wild-type oligodendroglial tumors with partial resection. (thejns.org)
  • A rare form of pediatric cancer called Pilocyctic astrocytoma has left seven inoperable tumors in his head, but that's not what makes AJ special. (blogcritics.org)
  • Pilocytic astrocytomas are the main subtype of WHO grade I tumors and comprise the majority of astrocytomas in children, with the posterior fossa being the most common site. (cdc.gov)
  • Most tumors presenting before 2 years of age are congenital (PNET, low-grade astrocytoma, craniopharyngioma, teratoma). (pediatriconcall.com)
Glioma10
  • Astrocytomas are the most common glioma and can occur in most parts of the brain and occasionally in the spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)
  • Astrocytomas are one type of glioma, a tumor that forms from neoplastic transformation of the so-called supporting cells of the brain, the glia or neuroglia. (medscape.com)
  • At Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, the pediatric cancer specialists in our Childhood Glioma Program have deep experience and expertise treating children with pilocytic astrocytoma. (dana-farber.org)
  • An astrocytoma is a kind of brain tumor or glioma. (healthguideinfo.com)
  • Astrocytoma is the most common type of glioma diagnosed in children. (firebaseapp.com)
  • Radiation therapy usually begins two to four weeks after surgery to remove a glioma or astrocytoma. (nyulangone.org)
  • Doctors use external beam radiation therapy, in which radiation is given from outside the body, to manage a glioma or astrocytoma. (nyulangone.org)
  • Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), the most common childhood brain tumor, is a low-grade glioma with a single driver BRAF rearrangement. (shaleklab.com)
  • Anaplastic astrocytoma with piloid features, a novel molecular class of IDH wildtype glioma with recurrent MAPK pathway, CDKN2A/B and ATRX alterations. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, A2B5 expression is considered a marker for various cancers, including astrocytoma, glioma, and squamous cell carcinoma. (rndsystems.com)
Tumor24
  • Astrocytomas are a type of brain tumor. (wikipedia.org)
  • Grading of the tumor sample is a method of classification that helps the doctor to determine the severity of the astrocytoma and to decide on the best treatment options. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Low grade astrocytoma of the midbrain (lamina tecti), sagittal T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging after contrast medium administration: The tumor is marked with an arrow. (wikipedia.org)
  • A pathological specimen of a gemistocytic astrocytoma MRI scans of an astrocytoma patient, showing tumor progression over the course of seven years Of numerous grading systems in use for the classification of tumor of the central nervous system, the World Health Organization (WHO) grading system is commonly used for astrocytoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Of numerous grading systems in use for the classification of tumor of the central nervous system, the World Health Organization (WHO) grading system is commonly used for astrocytoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • A drug that spurs cancer cells to self-destruct has been cleared for use in a clinical trial of patients with anaplastic astrocytoma, a rare malignant brain tumor, and glioblastoma multiforme, an aggressive late-stage cancer of the brain. (news-medical.net)
  • Pilocytic astrocytoma is a type of brain tumor that originates from star-shaped cells called astrocytes. (dana-farber.org)
  • A near-complete resection (less than 10 cc of residual tumor) of low-grade astrocytomas prevents tumor recurrence for longer periods of time. (uclahealth.org)
  • The UCLA Brain Tumor Program has neurosurgeons with extensive experience in protecting critical brain functions while removing difficult low-grade astrocytomas. (uclahealth.org)
  • Four years ago, Giliberto was diagnosed with a brain tumor â€" a slow growing Grade II astrocytoma located in her posterior right temporal lobe. (emoryhealthsciblog.com)
  • Part of the lethality associated with astrocytomas, as well as other gliomas, is due to the influence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment which allows the tumor cells to evade immune surveillance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • If the tumor is located in critical areas of the brain, such as areas that govern speech or movement, more advanced imaging diagnostic techniques may have to be used to evaluate the astrocytoma. (healthguideinfo.com)
  • If the astrocytoma continues to remain benign over a period of time and reveals minimal change, the best approach may be to continue monitoring the tumor but without any treatment. (healthguideinfo.com)
  • Anaplastic astrocytoma is a rare, cancerous malignant type of brain tumor that arises from starshaped brain cells called astrocytes. (firebaseapp.com)
  • My mother in law was diagnosed 3 weeks ago with a brian tumor, 2 weeks ago was her biospy and 1 week ago we found out its anaplastic astrocytoma grade 3 and its inoperable. (firebaseapp.com)
  • Jace will spend several weeks in the near future in Houston being treated for a tumor called an astrocytoma. (mykiss1031.com)
  • In 39 astrocytic tumor specimens (6 pilocytic astrocytomas, 14 fibrillary astrocytomas, 9 anaplastic astrocytomas, and 10 glioblastomas), we determined the MIB-1 labeling index, the apoptotic ratio according to nick end labeling with morphologic confirmation, the p53 labeling index, and the presence of p53 or PTEN mutations. (elsevier.com)
  • Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma is a rare intracranial tumor that mostly occurs in the first 2 years of life. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 0.001) in astrocytoma tumor cells. (unizg.hr)
  • Patients are stratified according to tumor subtype (astrocytoma [mixed-astro dominant or equal astro/oligo mix] vs oligodendroglioma [mixed-oligo dominant]), age (younger than 40 vs at least 40), Karnofsky performance status (60-80% vs 90-100%), and contrast enhancement on preoperative scan (present vs absent). (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • I. To estimate event free survival (EFS) (based on standard two or three-dimensional tumor measurements) for children with recurrent, refractory or progressive juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas and optic pathway gliomas who are treated with peginterferon (peginterferon alfa-2b). (georgiacancerinfo.org)
  • Data from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) show that the majority of gliomas in children are astrocytomas. (cdc.gov)
  • The most common tumor types are called astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and meningiomas. (dog-health-guide.org)
  • Last year, the PedBrain Tumor Consortium, which includes researchers from seven institutions in Germany, won €15 million ($18.6 million) in funding over five years from the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research and German Cancer Aid, a charity, to study the genomics of two childhood brain cancers, medulloblastoma and pylocytic astrocytoma ( IS 12/15/2009 ). (genomeweb.com)
Gliomas9
  • Low-grade astrocytomas are, by definition, slow growing, and patients survive much longer than those with high-grade gliomas. (medscape.com)
  • Pilocytic astrocytoma is the most benign and most treatable of the gliomas. (dana-farber.org)
  • The Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Pediatric Low-Grade Astrocytoma (PLGA) Program is the world's only multidisciplinary clinical and research program for pediatric low-grade gliomas, including pilocytic astrocytoma. (dana-farber.org)
  • This phase II trial studies how well peginterferon alfa-2b works in treating younger patients with pilocytic astrocytomas or optic pathway gliomas that have come back or do not respond to treatment and are growing, spreading, or getting worse. (georgiacancerinfo.org)
  • I. To determine the objective response of children with recurrent or refractory and radiographically or clinically progressive juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas and optic pathway gliomas who are treated with pegylated interferon alpha-2b (peginterferon alfa-2b). (georgiacancerinfo.org)
  • To define the toxicities of long term weekly pegylated interferon alpha-2b in pediatric patients with refractory, recurrent and progressive juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas and optic pathway gliomas. (georgiacancerinfo.org)
  • To evaluate the quality of life for patients with recurrent, refractory and progressive juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas and optic pathway gliomas who receive therapy with pegylated interferon alpha-2b. (georgiacancerinfo.org)
  • Gliomas show high histological diversity, with astrocytoma the most common histological subtype [1]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Optic gliomas are usually pilocytic astrocytomas. (uab.edu)
Giant cell astrocytoma2
  • This subset comprises juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA), pilomyxoid astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA), and subependymal giant-cell astrocytoma (SEGA). (medscape.com)
  • His neurocutaneous stigmata combined with radiological imaging led us to the diagnosis of TSC with sub ependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA). (journalrmc.com)
Oligodendrogliomas2
  • We identified mutations that affected amino acid 132 of IDH1 in more than 70% of WHO grade II and III astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas and in glioblastomas that developed from these lower-grade lesions. (nih.gov)
  • IDH1 mutations are early events in the development of astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. (semanticscholar.org)
High-grade astrocytomas6
  • In adults, high-grade astrocytomas with piloid features are also encountered. (radiopaedia.org)
  • Events yielding disease, both engineered and spontaneous, indicate ordered grade-specific perturbations that yield high-grade astrocytomas (anaplastic astrocytomas and GBMs). (uab.edu)
  • are malignant and may be referred to as high-grade astrocytomas. (vdocuments.mx)
  • In this study we explored the correlation between PROX1 expression and patient survival in high-grade astrocytomas. (scilifelab.se)
  • We initially screened 86 unselected high-grade astrocytomas, followed by 174 IDH1-R132H1 immunonegative glioblastomas derived from patients aged 60 years and older enrolled in the Nordic phase III trial of elderly patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. (scilifelab.se)
  • The prognostic impact of PROX1 in IDH-mutant 1p19q non-codeleted high-grade astrocytomas, as well as the negative findings in primary glioblastomas, was corroborated by gene expression data extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas. (scilifelab.se)
Glioblastoma multiforme3
  • Anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme are estimated to affect 58 people per 100,000 in the general population. (firebaseapp.com)
  • Study to assess the safety and efficacy of HSV-tk (gene therapy), valacyclovir, radiotherapy and chemotherapy in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) or anaplastic astrocytoma (AA). (bhimar.org)
  • This is a prospective, phase I-II study to assess the efficacy and toxicity of HSV-tk + valacyclovir gene therapy in combination with radiotherapy and standard of care chemotherapy for anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) or glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). (bhimar.org)
Glioblastomas3
  • They also have a more favorable prognosis compared to anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas . (uclahealth.org)
  • It also has a relatively favorable prognosis in comparison to glioblastomas and anaplastic astrocytomas. (healthguideinfo.com)
  • In contrast, high expression of PROX1 protein predicted shorter survival in the group of patients with IDH-mutant anaplastic astrocytomas and secondary glioblastomas. (scilifelab.se)
Diagnosis10
  • Diagnosis and treatment of high-grade astrocytoma. (medscape.com)
  • Improvements in neuroimaging permit the diagnosis of many low-grade astrocytomas that would not have been recognized previously. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, a histologic anaplastic astrocytoma with a negative r2hidh1 stain would be assigned a diagnosis of anaplastic astrocytoma, nos in the absence of molecular testing for definitive idh status see anaplastic astrocytoma, idhmutant and anaplastic astrocytoma, idhwildtype for further features, imaging, microscopic, etc. (firebaseapp.com)
  • The imaging appearance, location, and clinical history favor astrocytoma although other intramedullary neoplasms could be included in the differential diagnosis. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
  • We report two adult patients with pilocytic astrocytomas with anaplastic features at initial diagnosis. (austin.org.au)
  • Initial presentation of a pilocytic astrocytoma with anaplastic features is particularly uncommon and making a definitive diagnosis of pilocytic astrocytoma with anaplastic features can be challenging. (austin.org.au)
  • Histological examination and immunochemistry confirmed the suspected radiological diagnosis of desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • From a clinical standpoint, since desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma has a good postresection prognosis in a majority of early-diagnosed clinical cases, pediatricians, radiologists, and pathologists should consider desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma in their initial differential diagnosis in Down's syndrome patients with macrocephaly and developmental regression during the first 2 years of life. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Application of EGFR, ki 67 and GFAP as a panel for the diagnosis and grading of astrocytomas', International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research , 5(2), pp. 123-132. (ekb.eg)
  • Atef, A., El-Rashidy, M. Application of EGFR, ki 67 and GFAP as a panel for the diagnosis and grading of astrocytomas. (ekb.eg)
Cancer8
  • Long-term health and social function in adult survivors of paediatric astrocytoma: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. (medscape.com)
  • Children cured of pilocytic astrocytoma enjoy a quality of life better than most other children with cancer. (dana-farber.org)
  • Astrocytoma, as I understand it is a very aggressive cancer as well. (cancer.org)
  • New findings from a phase III clinical trial suggest the IDH1 gene may be a prognostic marker for anaplastic astrocytoma, a rare form of brain cancer. (ascopost.com)
  • IC à 95 %1,4‑5,0) était significativement associé à un risque accru de cancer, et ce risque était même supérieur en présence d'un tabagisme paternel important. (who.int)
  • Among primary brain cancer, the most common are the astrocytomas of which glioblastoma predominates. (singhealth.com.sg)
  • Chemotherapy wafers can also beimplanted into the brain cancer at the time of surgery to reduce the growth of the cancer in the management of some patients with astrocytoma. (singhealth.com.sg)
  • Maynard was diagnosed with grade 2 astrocytoma, a form of brain cancer, on Jan. 1. (commonwealthtimes.org)
Prognosis2
  • Low-grade astrocytomas are a heterogeneous group of intrinsic central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms that share certain similarities in their clinical presentation, radiologic appearance, prognosis, and treatment. (medscape.com)
  • All prognosis of grade 3 anaplastic astrocytoma messages. (firebaseapp.com)
Diffuse astrocytomas4
  • Diffuse astrocytomas. (medscape.com)
  • Golanov A.V., Bekyashev A.H., Tushev A.A., Banov S.M., Moldovanov V.A., Dreeva A.R. Combined treatment of newly diagnosed diffuse astrocytomas with a low index of proliferative activity. (hnj.science)
  • To study the indicators of overall (OS) and disease-free survival in patients with newly diagnosed diffuse astrocytomas (WHO Grade II) with a low index of proliferative activity after combination treatment. (hnj.science)
  • The analysis of the treatment results of 153 patients (73 men and 80 women) with newly diagnosed diffuse astrocytomas (WHO Grade II) with a low index of proliferative activity (less than 5%) was carried out. (hnj.science)
Medulloblastoma1
  • The present study compared parent-rated executive functioning in pediatric medulloblastoma (MB) and pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) survivors. (elsevier.com)
Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas1
  • Background: Brain subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) in patients with tuberous sclerosis have been reported to respond to everolimus.Methods: A 15-year-old male patient with intractable seizures and multiple SEGAs of the brain developed leptomeningeal enhancement and multiple metastatic, histologically confirmed SEGAs of the spinal cord. (emory.edu)
Pilocytic astrocytoma with anaplastic2
  • Neuroimaging of a pilocytic astrocytoma with anaplastic. (firebaseapp.com)
  • It is critical to differentiate glioblastoma (World Health Organization [WHO] grade 4) and pilocytic astrocytoma with anaplastic features (WHO grade 3) from pilocytic astrocytoma (WHO grade 1) as there are significant therapeutic and prognostic implications. (austin.org.au)
Ependymomas1
  • Total resection was more often obtained among patients with ependymomas (13 out of 17) than with astrocytomas (5 out of 12). (scielo.br)
Recurrent3
  • Single modality fmiso petmr imaging in a 65yearold man with recurrent left temporal lobe who grade iii anaplastic astrocytoma immediately prior to a and concurrent with bevacizumab therapy b. (firebaseapp.com)
  • The parameters taking into account the individual time course of 18 F-FET uptake were able to differentiate low-grade from high-grade recurrent astrocytomas with high diagnostic accuracy, reaching the best differentiation with a sensitivity and specificity of 92% and an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.94. (snmjournals.org)
  • Burzynski, S.R., Janicki, T.J., Burzynski, G.S. A phase II study of antineoplastons A10 and AS2-1 in adult patients with recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma. (burzynskiclinic.com)
Anaplastic astrocytoma grade1
  • I have anaplastic astrocytoma grade 3. (cancer.org)
Subtype1
  • This pattern identifies among glioblastoma as well as lower-grade astrocytoma patients a subtype, where the CNA genotype is correlated with an approximately one-year survival phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
Prognostic3
  • Prognostic significance of multiple kallikreins in high-grade astrocytoma. (medscape.com)
  • KIAA1549: BRAF Gene Fusion and FGFR1 Hotspot Mutations Are Prognostic Factors in Pilocytic Astrocytomas. (ucdenver.edu)
  • The Use of Three Long Non-Coding RNAs as Potential Prognostic Indicators of Astrocytoma. (nih.gov)
Diagnoses1
  • Established in 1993 in an effort to eliminate confusion regarding diagnoses, the WHO system established a four-tiered histologic grading guideline for astrocytomas that assigns a grade from 1 to 4, with 1 being the least aggressive and 4 being the most aggressive. (wikipedia.org)
Findings1
Treatments1
  • Clinical trials are underway to find better ways of reducing symptoms and side effects of current astrocytoma treatments to improve comfort and quality of life for patients. (cancer.net)
Survival2
  • Survival after stereotactic biopsy and irradiation of cerebral nonanaplastic, nonpilocytic astrocytoma. (medscape.com)
  • Greater extent of resection does not appear to affect survival outcomes in patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wildtype grade II astrocytoma and either amplification of the gene encoding epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) or mutations in the TERT promoter ( pTERT ), according to researchers in Italy. (neurodiem.dk)
Grade III Astrocytoma1
  • Who grade iii astrocytoma intermediate between low grade diffuse astrocytoma who grade ii and gbm grade iv, malignant astrocytoma, high grade astrocytoma. (firebaseapp.com)
Treatment15
  • Detection of a novel point mutation in the p53 gene in grade II astrocytomas by PCR-SSCP analysis with additional Klenow treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Pediatric low-grade astrocytomas exhibit markedly different molecular alterations, clinical course, and treatment than their adult counterpart. (medscape.com)
  • Our pediatric neuro-oncologists actively participate in research programs that advance pilocytic astrocytoma treatment. (dana-farber.org)
  • As discussed in Types of Treatment , researchers are studying the use of targeted therapy to treat astrocytoma with certain genetic changes. (cancer.net)
  • As outlined in Types of Treatment , immunotherapy is an active area of research for astrocytoma. (cancer.net)
  • It offers some guidance on how to cope with the physical, emotional, social, and financial changes that astrocytoma and its treatment can bring. (cancer.net)
  • Photodynamic light therapy is a promising treatment for aggressive brain tumours, including astrocytoma. (izon.com)
  • This in vitro study showed that photodynamic light therapy (PDT) paired with the photosensitiser Rose Bengal treatment-induced toxicity in astrocytoma cells, but not in healthy astrocytes. (izon.com)
  • The authors next used GW4869 to pharmacologically inhibit EV release from astrocytoma cells, which - when combined with Rose Bengal treatment, PDT and amino acid starvation - effectively induced cell death. (izon.com)
  • Pharm-Olam is currently partnering with a sponsor company in the development of a treatment for Glioblastoma / Anaplastic Astrocytoma. (pharm-olam.com)
  • Therefore, the aim of this prospective, exploratory study was to characterize depressive symptoms, other treatment-related symptoms and biological mediators that are known to influence astrocytoma growth and progression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Most doctors do not recommend chemotherapy as a choice of treatment for low-grade astrocytomas. (healthguideinfo.com)
  • Pedersen CL, Romner B. Current treatment of low grade astrocytoma: a review. (medscape.com)
  • Chemotherapy is commonly used with radiation therapy in the treatment of astrocytomas. (singhealth.com.sg)
  • FDA approved Novartis' Afinitor® (everolimus) for the treatment of subependymal glial cell astrocytoma (SEGA) in patients who are not eligible for curative surgical resection. (genengnews.com)
Melanoma2
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Melanoma astrocytoma syndrome. (rareidnews.com)
  • There were four small cavernomas, one melanoma, two cysts, two slit ventricles and two small astrocytomas. (egms.de)
Adults2
  • Pilocytic astrocytomas are low-grade astrocytomas that occur rarely in adults. (austin.org.au)
  • Adults diagnosed with grades II and III astrocytomas were included in the study. (ijpmonline.org)
Juvenile2
  • Doctor William B. Knight from Savannah America, was diagnosed with a Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma just months after his 4th birthday. (auntymbraintumours.com)
  • The most common astrocytoma among children is juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma. (texaschildrens.org)
Pediatric and adult1
  • Another important distinction is between pediatric and adult low-grade astrocytomas. (medscape.com)
Human astrocytomas1
  • In the present study, we investigated genetic and epigenetic changes and protein expression levels of negative regulators of Wnt signaling, DKK1, DKK3, and APC as well as glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3β) and β-catenin in 64 human astrocytomas of grades II-IV. (unizg.hr)
Retinal astrocytoma2
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Solitary retinal astrocytoma. (who.int)
  • Solitary retinal astrocytoma. (who.int)
Progression2
  • Here we have investigated this strategy in the context of astrocytoma progression. (uzh.ch)
  • We expect this method to be useful for identifying genes involved in astrocytoma development/progression in animal models. (uzh.ch)
Symptoms2
  • Preoperative depressive symptoms are associated with poor outcomes in patients with an astrocytoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Signs and symptoms of low grade astrocytoma may reveal only after a number of years. (healthguideinfo.com)
Patients3
  • A prospective, exploratory study was carried out among 22 patients with a high-grade astrocytoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previous studies have shown that patients with IDH wildtype grade II astrocytoma benefit from gross total resection (GTR), noted Dr Francesco Bruno of the University and City of Health and Science Hospital in Turin, Italy. (neurodiem.dk)
  • p = 0.0007) in patients with diffuse astrocytoma but not in those with oligodendroglial subtypes. (thejns.org)
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