AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
GoiterGoiter, NodularGoiter, EndemicGoiter, SubsternalIodineSalivary GlandsThyroid GlandMammary Glands, AnimalExocrine GlandsSubmandibular GlandThyroidectomyThyroid DiseasesParotid GlandHyperthyroidismSweat GlandsThyrotropinThyroid NeoplasmsGraves DiseaseSebaceous GlandsSublingual GlandAntithyroid AgentsThyroiditisThyroglobulinHarderian GlandHypothyroidismRisk AssessmentAdrenal GlandsLingual GoiterThyrotoxicosisThyroxineThyroiditis, AutoimmuneThyroid Function TestsSalivary Gland NeoplasmsThyroid HormonesSodium Chloride, DietarySalivary Gland DiseasesIodine RadioisotopesPotassium IodideParathyroid GlandsMeibomian GlandsLacrimal ApparatusCongenital HypothyroidismBrunner GlandsReproducibility of ResultsSalivary Glands, MinorRecurrent Laryngeal Nerve InjuriesThyroiditis, SubacuteAdenocarcinoma, FollicularIodidesScent GlandsIodide PeroxidaseCarcinoma, PapillaryIodine CompoundsTriiodothyronineIodized OilSubmandibular Gland DiseasesTracheal StenosisMethimazoleGuaiacolAdenomaApocrine GlandsCarcinoma, Papillary, FollicularNursing AssessmentImmunoglobulins, Thyroid-StimulatingTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeSubmandibular Gland NeoplasmsPrevalenceMetrial Gland
Goiter: Enlargement of the THYROID GLAND that may increase from about 20 grams to hundreds of grams in human adults. Goiter is observed in individuals with normal thyroid function (euthyroidism), thyroid deficiency (HYPOTHYROIDISM), or hormone overproduction (HYPERTHYROIDISM). Goiter may be congenital or acquired, sporadic or endemic (GOITER, ENDEMIC).Goiter, Nodular: An enlarged THYROID GLAND containing multiple nodules (THYROID NODULE), usually resulting from recurrent thyroid HYPERPLASIA and involution over many years to produce the irregular enlargement. Multinodular goiters may be nontoxic or may induce THYROTOXICOSIS.Goiter, Endemic: A form of IODINE deficiency disorders characterized by an enlargement of the THYROID GLAND in a significantly large fraction of a POPULATION GROUP. Endemic goiter is common in mountainous and iodine-deficient areas of the world where the DIET contains insufficient amount of iodine.Goiter, Substernal: An enlarged THYROID GLAND with at least 50% of the gland situated behind the STERNUM. It is an unusual presentation of an intrathoracic goiter. Substernal goiters frequently cause compression on the TRACHEA leading to deviation, narrowing, and respiratory symptoms.Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.Salivary Glands: Glands that secrete SALIVA in the MOUTH. There are three pairs of salivary glands (PAROTID GLAND; SUBLINGUAL GLAND; SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND).Thyroid Gland: A highly vascularized endocrine gland consisting of two lobes joined by a thin band of tissue with one lobe on each side of the TRACHEA. It secretes THYROID HORMONES from the follicular cells and CALCITONIN from the parafollicular cells thereby regulating METABOLISM and CALCIUM level in blood, respectively.Mammary Glands, Animal: MAMMARY GLANDS in the non-human MAMMALS.Exocrine Glands: Glands of external secretion that release its secretions to the body's cavities, organs, or surface, through a duct.Submandibular Gland: One of two salivary glands in the neck, located in the space bound by the two bellies of the digastric muscle and the angle of the mandible. It discharges through the submandibular duct. The secretory units are predominantly serous although a few mucous alveoli, some with serous demilunes, occur. (Stedman, 25th ed)Thyroidectomy: Surgical removal of the thyroid gland. (Dorland, 28th ed)Thyroid Diseases: Pathological processes involving the THYROID GLAND.Parotid Gland: The largest of the three pairs of SALIVARY GLANDS. They lie on the sides of the FACE immediately below and in front of the EAR.Hyperthyroidism: Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE.Sweat Glands: Sweat-producing structures that are embedded in the DERMIS. Each gland consists of a single tube, a coiled body, and a superficial duct.Thyrotropin: A glycoprotein hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Thyrotropin stimulates THYROID GLAND by increasing the iodide transport, synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE). Thyrotropin consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH; LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.Thyroid Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.Graves Disease: A common form of hyperthyroidism with a diffuse hyperplastic GOITER. It is an autoimmune disorder that produces antibodies against the THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR. These autoantibodies activate the TSH receptor, thereby stimulating the THYROID GLAND and hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES. These autoantibodies can also affect the eyes (GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY) and the skin (Graves dermopathy).Sebaceous Glands: Small, sacculated organs found within the DERMIS. Each gland has a single duct that emerges from a cluster of oval alveoli. Each alveolus consists of a transparent BASEMENT MEMBRANE enclosing epithelial cells. The ducts from most sebaceous glands open into a HAIR FOLLICLE, but some open on the general surface of the SKIN. Sebaceous glands secrete SEBUM.Sublingual Gland: A salivary gland on each side of the mouth below the TONGUE.Antithyroid Agents: Agents that are used to treat hyperthyroidism by reducing the excessive production of thyroid hormones.Thyroiditis: Inflammatory diseases of the THYROID GLAND. Thyroiditis can be classified into acute (THYROIDITIS, SUPPURATIVE), subacute (granulomatous and lymphocytic), chronic fibrous (Riedel's), chronic lymphocytic (HASHIMOTO DISEASE), transient (POSTPARTUM THYROIDITIS), and other AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS subtypes.ThyroglobulinHarderian Gland: A sebaceous gland that, in some animals, acts as an accessory to the lacrimal gland. The harderian gland excretes fluid that facilitates movement of the third eyelid.Hypothyroidism: A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA.Risk Assessment: The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)Adrenal Glands: A pair of glands located at the cranial pole of each of the two KIDNEYS. Each adrenal gland is composed of two distinct endocrine tissues with separate embryonic origins, the ADRENAL CORTEX producing STEROIDS and the ADRENAL MEDULLA producing NEUROTRANSMITTERS.Lingual Goiter: Pathological enlargement of the LINGUAL THYROID, ectopic thyroid tissue at the base of the TONGUE. It may cause upper AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; DYSPHAGIA; or HYPOTHYROIDISM symptoms.Thyrotoxicosis: A hypermetabolic syndrome caused by excess THYROID HORMONES which may come from endogenous or exogenous sources. The endogenous source of hormone may be thyroid HYPERPLASIA; THYROID NEOPLASMS; or hormone-producing extrathyroidal tissue. Thyrotoxicosis is characterized by NERVOUSNESS; TACHYCARDIA; FATIGUE; WEIGHT LOSS; heat intolerance; and excessive SWEATING.Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.Thyroiditis, Autoimmune: Inflammatory disease of the THYROID GLAND due to autoimmune responses leading to lymphocytic infiltration of the gland. It is characterized by the presence of circulating thyroid antigen-specific T-CELLS and thyroid AUTOANTIBODIES. The clinical signs can range from HYPOTHYROIDISM to THYROTOXICOSIS depending on the type of autoimmune thyroiditis.Thyroid Function Tests: Blood tests used to evaluate the functioning of the thyroid gland.Salivary Gland Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.Thyroid Hormones: Natural hormones secreted by the THYROID GLAND, such as THYROXINE, and their synthetic analogs.Sodium Chloride, Dietary: Sodium chloride used in foods.Salivary Gland DiseasesIodine Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes.Potassium Iodide: An inorganic compound that is used as a source of iodine in thyrotoxic crisis and in the preparation of thyrotoxic patients for thyroidectomy. (From Dorland, 27th ed)Parathyroid Glands: Two pairs of small oval-shaped glands located in the front and the base of the NECK and adjacent to the two lobes of THYROID GLAND. They secrete PARATHYROID HORMONE that regulates the balance of CALCIUM; PHOSPHORUS; and MAGNESIUM in the body.Meibomian Glands: The sebaceous glands situated on the inner surface of the eyelids between the tarsal plates and CONJUNCTIVA.Lacrimal Apparatus: The tear-forming and tear-conducting system which includes the lacrimal glands, eyelid margins, conjunctival sac, and the tear drainage system.Congenital Hypothyroidism: A condition in infancy or early childhood due to an in-utero deficiency of THYROID HORMONES that can be caused by genetic or environmental factors, such as thyroid dysgenesis or HYPOTHYROIDISM in infants of mothers treated with THIOURACIL during pregnancy. Endemic cretinism is the result of iodine deficiency. Clinical symptoms include severe MENTAL RETARDATION, impaired skeletal development, short stature, and MYXEDEMA.Brunner Glands: The abundant submucosal mucous glands in the DUODENUM. These glands secrete BICARBONATE IONS; GLYCOPROTEINS; and PEPSINOGEN II.Reproducibility of Results: The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.Salivary Glands, Minor: Accessory salivary glands located in the lip, cheek, tongue, floor of mouth, palate and intramaxillary.Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries: Traumatic injuries to the RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE that may result in vocal cord dysfunction.Thyroiditis, Subacute: Spontaneously remitting inflammatory condition of the THYROID GLAND, characterized by FEVER; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; SORE THROAT; severe thyroid PAIN; and an enlarged damaged gland containing GIANT CELLS. The disease frequently follows a viral infection.Adenocarcinoma, Follicular: An adenocarcinoma of the thyroid gland, in which the cells are arranged in the form of follicles. (From Dorland, 27th ed)Iodides: Inorganic binary compounds of iodine or the I- ion.Scent Glands: Exocrine glands in animals which secrete scents which either repel or attract other animals, e.g. perianal glands of skunks, anal glands of weasels, musk glands of foxes, ventral glands of wood rats, and dorsal glands of peccaries.Iodide Peroxidase: A hemeprotein that catalyzes the oxidation of the iodide radical to iodine with the subsequent iodination of many organic compounds, particularly proteins. EC 1.11.1.8.Carcinoma, Papillary: A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)Iodine Compounds: Inorganic compounds that contain iodine as an integral part of the molecule.Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.Iodized Oil: A preparation of oil that contains covalently bound IODINE. It is commonly used as a RADIOCONTRAST AGENT and as a suspension medium for CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS.Submandibular Gland DiseasesTracheal StenosisMethimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747)Adenoma: A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.Apocrine Glands: Large, branched, specialized sweat glands that empty into the upper portion of a HAIR FOLLICLE instead of directly onto the SKIN.Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular: A thyroid neoplasm of mixed papillary and follicular arrangement. Its biological behavior and prognosis is the same as that of a papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1271)Nursing Assessment: Evaluation of the nature and extent of nursing problems presented by a patient for the purpose of patient care planning.Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating: Autoantibodies that bind to the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (RECEPTORS, THYROTROPIN) on thyroid epithelial cells. The autoantibodies mimic TSH causing an unregulated production of thyroid hormones characteristic of GRAVES DISEASE.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Submandibular Gland NeoplasmsPrevalence: The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.Metrial Gland: Collection of granular epithelial cells in the uterine muscle beneath the placenta that develop during pregnancy in certain species of animals.
AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
GoiterGoiter, NodularGoiter, EndemicGoiter, SubsternalIodineSalivary GlandsThyroid GlandMammary Glands, AnimalExocrine GlandsSubmandibular GlandThyroidectomyThyroid DiseasesParotid GlandHyperthyroidismSweat GlandsThyrotropinThyroid NeoplasmsGraves DiseaseSebaceous GlandsSublingual GlandAntithyroid AgentsThyroiditisThyroglobulinHarderian GlandHypothyroidismRisk AssessmentAdrenal GlandsLingual GoiterThyrotoxicosisThyroxineThyroiditis, AutoimmuneThyroid Function TestsSalivary Gland NeoplasmsThyroid HormonesSodium Chloride, DietarySalivary Gland DiseasesIodine RadioisotopesPotassium IodideParathyroid GlandsMeibomian GlandsLacrimal ApparatusCongenital HypothyroidismBrunner GlandsReproducibility of ResultsSalivary Glands, MinorRecurrent Laryngeal Nerve InjuriesThyroiditis, SubacuteAdenocarcinoma, FollicularIodidesScent GlandsIodide PeroxidaseCarcinoma, PapillaryIodine CompoundsTriiodothyronineIodized OilSubmandibular Gland DiseasesTracheal StenosisMethimazoleGuaiacolAdenomaApocrine GlandsCarcinoma, Papillary, FollicularNursing AssessmentImmunoglobulins, Thyroid-StimulatingTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeSubmandibular Gland NeoplasmsPrevalenceMetrial Gland
ThyroidThyroid
... and this can sometimes be a toxic multinodular goitre. An enlarged thyroid gland is called a goitre. Goitres are present in ... Examination of the thyroid gland includes the search for abnormal masses and the assessment of overall thyroid size. The ... Enlarged goitres may extend beyond the normal position of the thyroid gland to below the sternum, around the airway or ... Any of the functional thyroid disorders can result in the gland's enlargement and cause a swollen neck termed a goitre. ...
Vocal fold paresisVocal fold paresis
Causes of VF paresis also include diseases of the thyroid gland, such as hypothyroidism, goiter, and thyroiditis. Examples of ... Voice assessment is necessary to plan and estimate the success of a possible speech therapy. In incompletely or only partially ... Voice assessment is necessary to plan and estimate the success of a possible speech therapy.[12] An auditory-perceptual ... Stroboscopy and voice assessment are important to establish an individual treatment plan to improve the voice. Breathing tests ...
ThyroidThyroid
Main article: Goitre. An enlarged thyroid gland is called a goitre.[59] Goitres are present in some form in about 5% of people, ... Examination of the thyroid gland includes the search for abnormal masses and the assessment of overall thyroid size.[79] The ... The thyroid gland, or simply the thyroid, is an endocrine gland in the neck, consisting of two lobes connected by an isthmus. ... Enlarged goitres may extend beyond the normal position of the thyroid gland to below the sternum, around the airway or ...
Intellectual disabilityIntellectual disability
Iodine deficiency also causes goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland. More common than full-fledged cretinism, as ... IQ assessment must be based on a current test. This enables diagnosis to avoid the pitfall of the Flynn effect, which is a ... It is formally diagnosed by an assessment of IQ and adaptive behavior. A third condition requiring onset during the ... India is the most outstanding, with 500 million suffering from deficiency, 54 million from goiter, and 2 million from cretinism ...
Hashimotos thyroiditisHashimoto's thyroiditis
The thyroid gland may become firm, large, and lobulated in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, but changes in the thyroid can also be ... If hypothyroidism is not present some may recommend no treatment while others may treat to try to reduce the size of the goiter ... Earlier assessment of the person may present with elevated levels of thyroglobulin owing to transient thyrotoxicosis, as ... On gross examination, there is often presentation of a hard goiter that is not painful to the touch; other symptoms seen with ...
HypothyroidismHypothyroidism
A goiter may be present with a completely enlarged thyroid gland; sometimes only part of the thyroid is enlarged and it can be ... Measuring T3 is discouraged by the AACE in the assessment for hypothyroidism. There are a number of symptom rating scales for ... A goiter is rare, although it may develop later in children who have a thyroid gland that does not produce functioning thyroid ... Hashimoto's thyroiditis may present with the mass effect of a goiter (enlarged thyroid gland). Delayed relaxation after testing ...
Thyroid disease in pregnancyThyroid disease in pregnancy
Clinical assessment alone may occasionally be inadequate in differentiating hyperthyroidism from the hyperdynamic state of ... Fetal thyroxine is wholly obtained from maternal sources in early pregnancy since the fetal thyroid gland only becomes ... Distinctive clinical features of Graves' disease include the presence of ophthalmopathy, diffuse goitre and pretibial myxoedema ... goitre, or co-existing primary autoimmune disorder like type 1 diabetes. Hypothyroidism is diagnosed by noting a high TSH ...
Iodine in biologyIodine in biology
The mammary gland actively concentrates iodine into milk for the benefit of the developing infant, and may develop a goiter- ... Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination . 3rd ed. Zava, T. T.; Zava, D. T. (2011). " ... epidemic goitre (swelling in the thyroid gland), mental slowing, depression, weight gain, and low basal body temperatures. The ... Different tissue responses for iodine and iodide occur in the mammary glands and the thyroid gland of rats. The role of iodine ...
SaltSalt
... and enlargement of the thyroid gland (endemic goitre) in adults or cretinism in children. Iodized salt has been used to correct ... 2013). "Sodium intake in populations: assessment of evidence". Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. Archived from ... Markel, H. (1987). ""When it rains it pours": Endemic goiter, iodized salt, and David Murray Cowie, MD". American Journal of ... 5 Findings and Conclusions , Sodium Intake in Populations: Assessment of Evidence , The National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/ ...
NutritionNutrition
Evidence Report/Technology Assessment no. 199. Prepared by RTI International - University of North Carolina Evidence-based ... salivary glands, thymus, etc. (see Extrathyroidal iodine); for this reason iodine is needed in larger quantities than others in ... including goitre, scurvy, osteoporosis, impaired immune system, disorders of cell metabolism, certain forms of cancer, symptoms ... The findings of the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) provide a basis upon which to frame the nutrition ...
EndometriosisEndometriosis
... and glands that respond to hormonal stimuli. Older lesions may display no glands but hemosiderin deposits (see photomicrograph ... Bourdel N, Alves J, Pickering G, Ramilo I, Roman H, Canis M (2014). "Systematic review of endometriosis pain assessment: how to ... goiter, ophthalmopathy, and dermopathy. Women with endometriosis had higher rates of Graves disease. One of these potential ...
MalnutritionMalnutrition
But 16 percent of the world's people have at least mild goiter, a swollen thyroid gland in the neck." Major causes of ... December 2012). "A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor ... The most visible and severe effects - disabling goiters, cretinism and dwarfism - affect a tiny minority, usually in mountain ...
Human nutritionHuman nutrition
goiter, hypothyroidism Iodine toxicity (goiter, hypothyroidism) Vitamin A xerophthalmia and night blindness, low testosterone ... Iron deficiency anemia: assessment, prevention, and control. A guide for program managers. Geneva, WHO, 2001[page needed] ... In 1896 Eugen Baumann observed iodine in thyroid glands. In 1897, Christiaan Eijkman worked with natives of Java, who also ... Vitamin deficiencies may result in disease conditions: goiter, scurvy, osteoporosis, impaired immune system, disorders of cell ...
Human nutritionHuman nutrition
Iron deficiency anemia: assessment, prevention, and control. A guide for program managers. Geneva, WHO, 2001[page needed] WHO ( ... salivary glands, thymus etc. (see Iodine deficiency); for this reason iodine is needed in larger quantities than others in this ... goiter, scurvy, osteoporosis, impaired immune system, disorders of cell metabolism, certain forms of cancer, symptoms of ... American College Health Association (2007). "American College Health Association National College Health Assessment Spring 2006 ...
Diabetes insipidusDiabetes insipidus
Sinha A, Ball S, Jenkins A, Hale J, Cheetham T (2011). "Objective assessment of thirst recovery in patients with adipsic ... This can be due to damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland or genetics.[1] Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) occurs ... is transported in neurosecretory granules down the axon of the hypothalamic neuron to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland ...
Uyah - WikipédiaUyah - Wikipédia
... and enlargement of the thyroid gland (endemic goitre) in adults or cretinism in children.[32] Iodized salt has been used to ... 5 Findings and Conclusions , Sodium Intake in Populations: Assessment of Evidence , The National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/ ... ""When it rains it pours": Endemic goiter, iodized salt, and David Murray Cowie, MD". American Journal of Public Health 77 (2 ... "A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 ...
MalnutritionMalnutrition
But 16 percent of the world's people have at least mild goiter, a swollen thyroid gland in the neck."[45] ... "A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 ... The most visible and severe effects - disabling goiters, cretinism and dwarfism - affect a tiny minority, usually in mountain ...
AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
GoiterGoiter, NodularGoiter, EndemicGoiter, SubsternalIodineSalivary GlandsThyroid GlandMammary Glands, AnimalExocrine GlandsSubmandibular GlandThyroidectomyThyroid DiseasesParotid GlandHyperthyroidismSweat GlandsThyrotropinThyroid NeoplasmsGraves DiseaseSebaceous GlandsSublingual GlandAntithyroid AgentsThyroiditisThyroglobulinHarderian GlandHypothyroidismRisk AssessmentAdrenal GlandsLingual GoiterThyrotoxicosisThyroxineThyroiditis, AutoimmuneThyroid Function TestsSalivary Gland NeoplasmsThyroid HormonesSodium Chloride, DietarySalivary Gland DiseasesIodine RadioisotopesPotassium IodideParathyroid GlandsMeibomian GlandsLacrimal ApparatusCongenital HypothyroidismBrunner GlandsReproducibility of ResultsSalivary Glands, MinorRecurrent Laryngeal Nerve InjuriesThyroiditis, SubacuteAdenocarcinoma, FollicularIodidesScent GlandsIodide PeroxidaseCarcinoma, PapillaryIodine CompoundsTriiodothyronineIodized OilSubmandibular Gland DiseasesTracheal StenosisMethimazoleGuaiacolAdenomaApocrine GlandsCarcinoma, Papillary, FollicularNursing AssessmentImmunoglobulins, Thyroid-StimulatingTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeSubmandibular Gland NeoplasmsPrevalenceMetrial Gland
Substernal goitre | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.orgSubsternal goitre | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org
... enlarged thyroid gland) with intrathoracic extension. It remains unclear which goitres are to be termed substernal, but a ... recently proposed definition is a goitre that requires mediastinal exploration and dissectio... ... A potential pitfall in the assessment of retrosternal extension is the apparent lower position temporarily assumed by the gland ... Substernal goitre is a goitre (enlarged thyroid gland) with intrathoracic extension.. It remains unclear which goitres are to ...
radiopaedia.org
Iodine deficiency and goitre in schoolchildren in Melbourne, 2001 | The Medical Journal of AustraliaIodine deficiency and goitre in schoolchildren in Melbourne, 2001 | The Medical Journal of Australia
2: Percentage and median urinary iodine values by sex, goitre assessment and school year in a sample of Melbourne ... We assessed two clinical indicators of thyroid disease: goitre (by thyroid gland palpation) and urinary iodine levels. ... Grade 0: no palpable or visible goitre. Grade 1: palpable but not visible goitre. Grade 2: palpable and visible goitre. ... 25 Thyroid gland palpation is a quick, easy and acceptable method to assess the presence of goitre. All subjects were assessed ...
mja.com.au
Multinodular goitre | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.orgMultinodular goitre | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org
... is defined as an enlarged thyroid gland (i.e. goitre) due to multiple nodules which may have normal, decreased or increased ( ... assessment of thyroid lesions* ultrasound assessment of thyroid lesions *​American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines for ... Multinodular goitre (MNG) is defined as an enlarged thyroid gland (i.e. goitre) due to multiple nodules which may have normal, ... thyroid uptake and scan determines the activity of the gland. Plain radiograph. *goitre is on the differential for an anterior/ ...
radiopaedia.org
Iodine 101: What It Is, Causes of Deficiency, Symptoms of Deficiency, Food Sources, Supplements, and More | Everyday HealthIodine 101: What It Is, Causes of Deficiency, Symptoms of Deficiency, Food Sources, Supplements, and More | Everyday Health
Enlarged Thyroid Gland (Goiter) Symptoms of a goiter include swelling of the neck where the thyroid is located; trouble ... Assessment of Iodine Deficiency Disorders and Monitoring their Elimination. World Health Organization. 2007.*Iodine Global ... They could range from fatigue, depression, weight gain, and constipation (hypothyroid), to manifestations of a goiter, such as ... contact your doctor and request a physical assessment. If iodine deficiency is suspected, you can ask your doctor to run a 24- ...
everydayhealth.com
Magnitude and Predictive Factors of Difficult Airway in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery, From a Goiter Endemic Area |...Magnitude and Predictive Factors of Difficult Airway in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery, From a Goiter Endemic Area |...
The role of an enlarged goiter for the airway management in patient populations undergoing thyroidectomy has rarely been ... Variables related to goiter and difficult airway. In all of the patients the thyroid gland was palpable manually. X-ray report ... El-Ganzouri AR, McCarthy RJ, Tuman KJ, Tanck EN, Ivankovich AD (1996) Preoperative airway assessment: predictive value of a ... Determining the size of the goiter was difficult. The easiest way of assessing the volume of goiter is by using echography ...
omicsonline.org
Thyroid - WikipediaThyroid - Wikipedia
Main article: Goitre. An enlarged thyroid gland is called a goitre.[59] Goitres are present in some form in about 5% of people, ... Examination of the thyroid gland includes the search for abnormal masses and the assessment of overall thyroid size.[79] The ... The thyroid gland, or simply the thyroid, is an endocrine gland in the neck, consisting of two lobes connected by an isthmus. ... Enlarged goitres may extend beyond the normal position of the thyroid gland to below the sternum, around the airway or ...
en.wikipedia.org
Internet Scientific PublicationsInternet Scientific Publications
Huge goiters can lead to tracheal compression and hence difficulty in endotracheal intubation. In this report we present a case ... Airway assessment showed short bulky neck with Mallampati class IV. Thyromental distance could not be estimated due to the ... Enlarged thyroid gland can lead to compromised airway with difficulty in tracheal intubation. Previously we have reported a ... Airway assessment showed short bulky neck with Mallampati class IV. Thyromental distance could not be estimated due to the ...
ispub.com
The role of prenatal ultrasound assessment in management of fetal cervicofacial tumors The role of prenatal ultrasound assessment in management of fetal cervicofacial tumors
Delayed bone maturation is a specific feature in fetuses with hypothyroid goiters [14]. The occurrence of goiter in the fetus ... On prenatal ultrasound examination, thyroid tumors are well-isolated hyperechogenic tumors connected with the gland. Prenatal ... Ultrasound assessment allows the facial skeleton and the neck of a fetus to be evaluated from the first trimester of pregnancy ... Ultrasound assessment allows a solid tumor of the oral cavity with elements of cysts and calcifications to be identified. In ...
termedia.pl
Thyroid - WikipediaThyroid - Wikipedia
... and this can sometimes be a toxic multinodular goitre. An enlarged thyroid gland is called a goitre. Goitres are present in ... Examination of the thyroid gland includes the search for abnormal masses and the assessment of overall thyroid size. The ... Enlarged goitres may extend beyond the normal position of the thyroid gland to below the sternum, around the airway or ... Any of the functional thyroid disorders can result in the glands enlargement and cause a swollen neck termed a goitre. ...
en.wikipedia.org
Self-AssessmentSelf-Assessment
Enlargement of thyroid gland, goitre. Heart palpitations. Irritability. Overweight; obesity. Sluggish metabolism ...
stresscanada.org
BOCIO DIFUSO SIMPLE PDFBOCIO DIFUSO SIMPLE PDF
Observer variation in the clinical assessment of the thyroid gland. Iodine therapy in sporadic nontoxic goiter. Scintigraphic ... Reduction in goiter size by I therapy in patients with non-toxic multinodular goiter. Efficacy of ultrasound-guided fine-needle ... Conservative management is also an option as some goitres decrease their rate of growth or may even decrease in size 6. ... cirúrgico de bocio nodular y difuso tóxico, tratamiento y profiláctica de relapso To prevent toxic nodular goiter, treat ...
kolpashevo.info
Vocal fold paresis - WikipediaVocal fold paresis - Wikipedia
Causes of VF paresis also include diseases of the thyroid gland, such as hypothyroidism, goiter, and thyroiditis. Examples of ... Voice assessment is necessary to plan and estimate the success of a possible speech therapy. In incompletely or only partially ... Voice assessment is necessary to plan and estimate the success of a possible speech therapy.[12] An auditory-perceptual ... Stroboscopy and voice assessment are important to establish an individual treatment plan to improve the voice. Breathing tests ...
en.wikipedia.org
The Radiology Assistant : Neck Masses in ChildrenThe Radiology Assistant : Neck Masses in Children
On ultrasound they are isoechoic with the normal gland.. In a goiter a multitude of solid nodules are seen. ... Preferably a technician of the cytology department is present to make a quick assessment of the retrieved cells to ascertain ... If a solid lesion is not a lymph node look for a possible site of origin, like the salivary gland, the thyroid gland or the ... Enlargement of the salivary glands can be diffuse or focal.. Diffuse swelling mostly affects the parotid glands.. If it is ...
radiologyassistant.nl
Iodine (I) - Natures MarketIodine (I) - Nature's Market
Iodine deficiency can cause goiter (hypertrophy of the thyroid gland). Other causes of goiter should be considered in patients ... Initial management of goiter should involve a medical evaluation to identify the underlying cause and assessment of levels of ... goiter appears as an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland in the neck. Other causes of goiter include autoimmune ... Iodine deficiency is one of the causes of goiter (hypertrophy of the thyroid gland as it tries to make more thyroid hormone in ...
naturesmarketholland.com
MR Imaging of Fetal Goiter | American Journal of NeuroradiologyMR Imaging of Fetal Goiter | American Journal of Neuroradiology
American Pediatric Gross Assessment Records (APGARs) were 3 at 1 minute and 8 at 5 minutes. Sonography on day 2 of life ... 1 MR imaging evaluation of the enlarged gland and airway can provide information crucial to perinatal management. Because the ... Neonatal goiter with congenital thyroid dysfunction in two infants diagnosed by MRI. Pediatr Radiol 2004;34:570-73. ... MR imaging of fetal goiter at 34.5 weeks gestation. A and B, The fluid-filled airway (arrowheads) is well-evaluated on axial ( ...
ajnr.org
Meeting Highlights from AACE 27th Annual Scientific Clinical CongressMeeting Highlights from AACE 27th Annual Scientific Clinical Congress
She discussed characteristics of goiters and nodules in the thyroid gland to distinguish the rare instance of malignancy, and ... Two experts shared new thinking in the assessment and management of thyroid nodules based on the likelihood of malignancy, and ... the location within the thyroid gland, according to Fan Zhang, MD, PhD, offers a compelling argument for making a diagnosis of ... then plotted a method of assessment to lessen the need for active surveilance-repeat imaging studies-when monitoring for growth ...
endocrineweb.com
What is Radioiodine?What is Radioiodine?
... and hence essential for normal function of the thyroid gland. Radioiodine represents a radioactive form of iodine most often ... Dietlein M, Schmidt M. Radioiodine Therapy of Hyperthyroidism (Toxic Goiter, Hyperfunctioning Nodule) and Non-Toxic Goiter: ... Beta-particles of I-131 can then destroy the follicular cell, slowly leading to reduction in the volume of the thyroid gland ... I-131 was also used for the assessment of renal function, starting in 1956 when Taplin and his co-workers used this radioiodine ...
news-medical.net
Goiter | definition of goiter by Medical dictionaryGoiter | definition of goiter by Medical dictionary
... goiter explanation free. What is goiter? Meaning of goiter medical term. What does goiter mean? ... Looking for online definition of goiter in the Medical Dictionary? ... Missed thyroid gland after total thyroidectomy. Based on a general assessment of the findings in the literature, the extension ... Related to goiter: colloid goiter, toxic goiter, multinodular goiter. Goiter. Definition. Goiter refers to any visible ...
medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com
Multinodular goiter and solitary noduleMultinodular goiter and solitary nodule
"Assessment of Nondiagnostic Fine Needle Aspirations of Thyroid Nodules". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. vol. 87. 2002. pp. 4924. ... A cystic lesion can also represent a parathyroid adenoma when located in the posterior portion of the gland. ... "Long-term assessment of a multidisciplinary approach to thyroid nodule diagnostic evaluation". Cancer Cytopathol. vol. 111. ... and provides precise measurement of size, as well as assessment of certain sonographic features which may help predict benign ...
psychiatryadvisor.com
WHO EMRO | Assessment of the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders among primary school children in Cairo | Volume 1, issue...WHO EMRO | Assessment of the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders among primary school children in Cairo | Volume 1, issue...
Data revealed that the goitre rate was 13.5%; being 10.8% among males and 16.2% among females. Prevalence among females was ... Examination of the thyroid gland was by palpation procedure according to criteria endorsed by the World Health Organization and ... Considering goitre prevalence by grade; 36% of cases had grade 1A goitre, 60% of them female. Only one female case, in North ... Grade 1B goitre was more prevalent (63.5%) than grade 1A (36%).. Observations indicated that goitre may be more prevalent in ...
emro.who.int
A New Year With the Same Old Symptoms? It Could Be Your Thyroid - Tenpenny IMCA New Year With the Same Old Symptoms? It Could Be Your Thyroid - Tenpenny IMC
Goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland. Patients can feel tenderness, tightness, or swelling in the neck, along with ... "Our assessment includes overlooked parameters such as iodine level, selenium level, thyroid antibodies and we also frequently ... So if the gland isnt working very well, then chances are you arent functioning very well either," said Dr. Sherri Tenpenny, D ... The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland found immediately below the Adams apple on the front of the neck. It is ...
tenpennyimc.com
Treatment of an overactive or enlarged thyroid gland with radioactive iodine | British Thyroid FoundationTreatment of an overactive or enlarged thyroid gland with radioactive iodine | British Thyroid Foundation
For some patients who are treated with radioactive iodine to reduce the size of a goitre, there is also a small risk that they ... This may require an assessment by an eye specialist.. ... The gland has to be working when this treatment is taken, so ... This has the effect of reducing the amount of thyroxine made by the thyroid gland and may also reduce the size of the gland. ... Sometimes the thyroid gland is a bit tender after treatment. This will usually clear up after a few days. A common longer term ...
btf-thyroid.org
Urinary iodine and thyroid determinants in pregnancy: a follow up study in Sri Lanka | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth | Full TextUrinary iodine and thyroid determinants in pregnancy: a follow up study in Sri Lanka | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth | Full Text
... women had palpable or visible goitres and 55 (13.1 %) had a goitre that was palpable but not visible. The median thyroid volume ... goitre size, thyroid volume and parity had significant correlations with the third trimester urinary iodine levels. The thyroid ... In the assessment of thyroid gland, 67 (16.0 %) women had palpable or visible goitres and 55 (13.1 %) had a goitre that was ... In the assessment of thyroid gland, it was revealed that 67 (16.0 %) women had palpable or visible goitres and 55 (13.1 %) of ...
bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com
6364 Flashcards - Cram.com6364 Flashcards - Cram.com
Antibodies bind to gland, ¡ü size ¡ü hormone. * Other etiologies: toxic multinodular goiter. cont. * Caused by overmedication ... Psychosocial Assessment. - Irritable, labile moods. - Fatigue d/t insomnia. * Laboratory Assessment (p 1427). - T3, T4, TSH, ... Gland invaded with lymphocytes, destroys gland. Parathyroid Disorders. * Parathyroid Gland. - Maintains calcium and phosphate ... TSH binds to gland results in goiter. * Most tissues/organs affected. * Low metabolic rate. * Cellular energy decreased. * ...
cram.com
AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
GoiterGoiter, NodularGoiter, EndemicGoiter, SubsternalIodineSalivary GlandsThyroid GlandMammary Glands, AnimalExocrine GlandsSubmandibular GlandThyroidectomyThyroid DiseasesParotid GlandHyperthyroidismSweat GlandsThyrotropinThyroid NeoplasmsGraves DiseaseSebaceous GlandsSublingual GlandAntithyroid AgentsThyroiditisThyroglobulinHarderian GlandHypothyroidismRisk AssessmentAdrenal GlandsLingual GoiterThyrotoxicosisThyroxineThyroiditis, AutoimmuneThyroid Function TestsSalivary Gland NeoplasmsThyroid HormonesSodium Chloride, DietarySalivary Gland DiseasesIodine RadioisotopesPotassium IodideParathyroid GlandsMeibomian GlandsLacrimal ApparatusCongenital HypothyroidismBrunner GlandsReproducibility of ResultsSalivary Glands, MinorRecurrent Laryngeal Nerve InjuriesThyroiditis, SubacuteAdenocarcinoma, FollicularIodidesScent GlandsIodide PeroxidaseCarcinoma, PapillaryIodine CompoundsTriiodothyronineIodized OilSubmandibular Gland DiseasesTracheal StenosisMethimazoleGuaiacolAdenomaApocrine GlandsCarcinoma, Papillary, FollicularNursing AssessmentImmunoglobulins, Thyroid-StimulatingTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeSubmandibular Gland NeoplasmsPrevalenceMetrial Gland
Substernal goitreTrachealMediastinalAnteriorSurgicalCasePituitaryPosteriorIodine deficiencyHypothyroidismEvidenced by an enlarged thyroid glandAutoimmuneNodularEndocrine glandsEnlargementParathyroid glands are foundDysfunctionGravesHormonesDiffuse goiterRetrosternal goiterMultinodular goitersRadioiodineEndemicPrevalence of goitreSuperior parathyroid glandsInferior parathyroid glandsBenignSymptomsSporadicSecreted by the thyroidLobesSalivary GlandsDisordersTumorsThyrotoxicosisDietary iodinePalpable or visibleThyroxineOveractiveIntrathoracic extensionTracheaSurgeryEmbryologyAirwayRadioactive iodineThyroidectomyAnatomy and physio
Substernal goitre2
Tracheal1
Mediastinal2
  • It remains unclear which goitres are to be termed substernal, but a recently proposed definition is a goitre that requires mediastinal exploration and dissection for complete removal or an intrathoracic component extending more than 3 cm in the thoracic inlet 1 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • For goitres that cannot be removed via neck dissection, such as those with complicated anatomic extensions or posterior mediastinal involvement, the surgeon may need to incorporate a partial upper sternotomy and clavicular head resection or mini-thoracotomy for adequate exposure. (radiopaedia.org)
Anterior1
Surgical1
Case1
  • A potential pitfall in the assessment of retrosternal extension is the apparent lower position temporarily assumed by the gland when the arms are raised in the case of imaging aimed at the chest. (radiopaedia.org)
Pituitary19
Posterior11
Iodine deficiency20
  • Following studies in Sydney, 1 - 3 it was hypothesised that iodine deficiency in Australia may be increasing and causing goitre in urban populations. (mja.com.au)
  • 24 This constellation of antibody-negative goitre with high uptake on scanning suggests iodine deficiency or congenital thyroid dyshormonogenesis as the cause. (mja.com.au)
  • As the latter is rare, iodine deficiency is the most likely cause of goitre in this group. (mja.com.au)
  • Chronic iodine deficiency can lead to numerous health problems in children and adults, including thyroid gland dysfunction (including goiter) and various neurologic, gastrointestinal, and skin abnormalities. (naturesmarketholland.com)
  • Iodine deficiency is one of the causes of goiter (hypertrophy of the thyroid gland as it tries to make more thyroid hormone in the absence of iodine). (naturesmarketholland.com)
  • Examination of the thyroid gland was by palpation procedure according to criteria endorsed by the World Health Organization and ICCIDD (International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders) . (who.int)
  • Iodine deficiency is a major cause of goiter development. (lecturio.com)
  • Causes include Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis , and endemic goiter (related to iodine deficiency , now uncommon in the United States). (clicktocurecancer.info)
  • The expression of the progressive and nodular increase of the thyroid in non-toxic benign goiters is the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors, of which iodine deficiency is the most important ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Goiter and hypothyroidism are known to be caused by iodine deficiency. (journalcra.com)
  • Assessment of iodine deficiency in Tiswadi block, Goa Indian practitioner vol XLIX no 9, 749-750. (cogprints.org)
  • Iodine requirements increase substantially during pregnancy making pregnant women vulnerable to iodine deficiency and its disorders such as abortions, stillbirths and pregnancy goitre as well as congenital abnormalities, cretinism and mental retardation in their children. (beds.ac.uk)
  • The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of iodine deficiency and goitre among pregnant women attending antenatal sessions at two selected hospitals in Ashanti region, Ghana. (beds.ac.uk)
  • However, goitre prevalence in the pregnant women was 11.3%, denoting mild iodine deficiency. (beds.ac.uk)
  • 150 μg/L. Only 16.3% knew about the increase in iodine requirement during pregnancy and 21.3% of them had knowledge of the effects of iodine deficiency during pregnancy with most (81.8%) knowing of pregnancy goitre. (beds.ac.uk)
  • There is generally adequate iodine intake among the pregnant women, however, iodine deficiency and goitre still exist among some pregnant women. (beds.ac.uk)
  • This helps to explain why an iodine deficiency in a given population does not result in a universal incidence of goiter. (mysurgery.de)
  • Effect of a mandatory iodization program on thyroid gland volume based on individuals' age, gender, and preceding severity of dietary iodine deficiency: a prospective, population-based study," The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol. 92, no. 4, pp. 1397-1401, 2007. (hindawi.com)
  • Inadequate intake of iodine leads to iodine deficiency symptoms and disorders like goiter, extreme fatigue, mental retardation, and depression which are collectively called as iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs). (springeropen.com)
  • The most common cause of goiters is dietary iodine deficiency. (entokey.com)
Hypothyroidism3
  • A common longer term side-effect of radioactive iodine treatment is an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), so it is very important to have regular thyroid blood tests starting from four to six weeks after the treatment to identify and treat this early, with levothyroxine. (btf-thyroid.org)
  • Graves' disease is also associated with Hashimoto's disease, a chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland that usually causes hypothyroidism but can also cause symptoms similar to those of Graves' disease. (rnpedia.com)
  • The hypothyroidism, patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with irradiation mantlefield, risk of developing cancer of the thyroid gland has a higher potential in, but is higher. (xelonet.com)
Evidenced by an enlarged thyroid gland1
Autoimmune3
Nodular5
Endocrine glands6
Enlargement7
Parathyroid glands are found1
Dysfunction2
Graves6
Hormones13
Diffuse goiter2
  • During July 2013-June 2015 patients were diagnosed with thyrotoxic heart disease secondary to toxic diffuse goiter. (alliedacademies.org)
  • However, around half (35) of these patients with thyrotoxic heart disease secondary to toxic diffuse goiter were agreed to participate further in investigation of their quality of life related to health. (alliedacademies.org)
Retrosternal goiter7
Multinodular goiters1
Radioiodine3
Endemic2
Prevalence of goitre5
  • We report here a study aimed at examining iodine status and prevalence of goitre in a larger sample of schoolchildren to estimate iodine status within the Melbourne community. (mja.com.au)
  • In the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) of WHO at least 10 of the 22 Member States (Afghanistan, Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Lebanon, Pakistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Sudan and Tunisia) have high to alarming rates of prevalence of goitre in certain areas . (who.int)
  • Table 2 and Fig. 1 illustrate the prevalence of goitre among the Cairo schoolchildren examined according to geographical zone and sex. (who.int)
  • In a cross-sectional study in Arak the prevalence of goitre was 5.2% in a sample of 6520 primary-school children. (who.int)
  • Other factors need be evaluated to explain the residual prevalence of goitre. (who.int)
Superior parathyroid glands2
Inferior parathyroid glands2
  • The inferior parathyroid glands, having travelled a longer distance, are more variable in their locations. (oncohemakey.com)
  • The inferior parathyroid glands, which arise from the third branchial pouch, initially migrate with the thymus until they separate to take their final position, usually at the level of the inferior pole of each thyroid lobe. (medscape.com)
Benign12
Symptoms3
Sporadic3
Secreted by the thyroid1
Lobes4
Salivary Glands3
Disorders1
Tumors3
Thyrotoxicosis1
Dietary iodine2
Palpable or visible1
Thyroxine1
Overactive5
Intrathoracic extension2
Trachea9
  • In this report we present a case of a huge goiter presented with difficult airway where the trachea was successfully intubated. (ispub.com)
  • Previously we have reported a case of huge goiter where all maneuvers to intubate the trachea including fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) failed and the airway was secured via tracheotomy performed under loco sedation technique ( 1 ). (ispub.com)
  • CT scan showed severe narrowing of the upper trachea by huge diffuse enlarged thyroid gland which extends retrosternally to the level of left brachiocephalic vein (Figure 2). (ispub.com)
  • The thyroid gland sits astride the trachea (windpipe) and is shaped like a butterfly. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Careful pre operative airway assessment revealed severe long segment narrowing of trachea. (ispub.com)
  • CT scan, showed severly narrowed trachea from C6-D2 (fig.1b) with narrowest diameter at D2 level measuring 4mm(fig.2a) and 22mm extension of thyroid gland into the thoracic cavity. (ispub.com)
  • Once the fiberscope entered the narrow part of trachea, patient developed difficulty in breathing and stridor which was relived partially by external tug on the thyroid gland. (ispub.com)
  • Surgery would be needed only if the patient has an enlarged thyroid gland which is compressing on the trachea or oesophagus, or is simply looking odd. (gravesdiseasetreatment.org)
  • The thyroid gland as present on the human trachea, here with a visible pyramidal lobe (or Lalouette's pyramid ). (meddic.jp)
Surgery10
Embryology1
Airway9
  • The role of an enlarged goiter for the airway management in patient populations undergoing thyroidectomy has rarely been studied. (omicsonline.org)
  • Association of goiter related variables and demographic characteristics association with difficult airway was analyzed using chi-square, fisher's exact taste and binary logistic regression with odds ratio and 95% CI in the univariate analysis. (omicsonline.org)
  • A 51-year-old female patient presented to our hospital with shortness of breath due to huge goiter compromising the airway. (ispub.com)
  • We believe that preoperative airway assessment could predict patients with possible difficult airway. (ispub.com)
  • Enlarged thyroid gland can lead to compromised airway with difficulty in tracheal intubation. (ispub.com)
  • Fetal goiter is a rare potential cause of airway obstruction and neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury or death. (ajnr.org)
  • 1 MR imaging evaluation of the enlarged gland and airway can provide information crucial to perinatal management. (ajnr.org)
  • Although neonatal thyroid status generally normalizes within 1 month of birth, 3 fetal goiter may result in significant complications at delivery due to airway obstruction, including hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and death. (ajnr.org)
  • Goiters can get quite large but rarely become symptomatic unless the airway is compressed by the mass. (entokey.com)
Radioactive iodine4
Thyroidectomy3
  • The common management of such patients is thyroidectomy (total or partial removal of the enlarged gland) which is one of the most frequent operations performed in iodine-deficient regions [ 5 ]. (omicsonline.org)
  • 2002)'s study occurred in 9% of patients undergoing thyroidectomy , as the majority of patients (95%) had two or less parathyroid glands in their excised specimens, in addition to induced capsular bleeding due to inadvertent incision which commonly occurred [5- or indirect injury to the glands by a very meticulous homeostasis technique, with subsequent avascular necrosis. (smw.ch)
  • She was diagnosed with multinodular goiter with retrosternal extension posted for total thyroidectomy. (ispub.com)
Anatomy and physio1