Asparagine. Medical search

A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed)

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of asparagine from ammonia and aspartic acid, in the presence of ATP. EC 6.3.1.1.

A hydrolase enzyme that converts L-asparagine and water to L-aspartate and NH3. EC 3.5.1.1.

One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.

A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.

An amidohydrolase that removes intact asparagine-linked oligosaccharide chains from glycoproteins. It requires the presence of more than two amino-acid residues in the substrate for activity. This enzyme was previously listed as EC 3.2.2.18.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

An enzyme that activates aspartic acid with its specific transfer RNA. EC 6.1.1.12.

A transfer RNA which is specific for carrying asparagine to sites on the ribosomes in preparation for protein synthesis.

Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.

Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.

The chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl groups to other chemicals, especially peptides or proteins. Glycosyl transferases are used in this biochemical reaction.

A class of enzymes that catalyze the formation of a bond between two substrate molecules, coupled with the hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP or a similar energy donor. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 6.

Enzymes that catalyze the joining of glutamine-derived ammonia and another molecule. The linkage is in the form of a carbon-nitrogen bond. EC 6.3.5.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

An ASPARTIC ACID residue in polypeptide chains that is linked at the beta-carboxyl group instead of at the normal, alpha-carboxyl group, polypeptide linkage. It is a result of the spontaneous decomposition of aspartic acid or ASPARAGINE residues.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

The naturally occurring or experimentally induced replacement of one or more AMINO ACIDS in a protein with another. If a functionally equivalent amino acid is substituted, the protein may retain wild-type activity. Substitution may also diminish, enhance, or eliminate protein function. Experimentally induced substitution is often used to study enzyme activities and binding site properties.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of nitrogenous groups, primarily amino groups, from a donor, generally an amino acid, to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxoacid. EC 2.6.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

Carbohydrates consisting of between two (DISACCHARIDES) and ten MONOSACCHARIDES connected by either an alpha- or beta-glycosidic link. They are found throughout nature in both the free and bound form.

Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.

The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

A colorless alkaline gas. It is formed in the body during decomposition of organic materials during a large number of metabolically important reactions. Note that the aqueous form of ammonia is referred to as AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

The sequence of carbohydrates within POLYSACCHARIDES; GLYCOPROTEINS; and GLYCOLIPIDS.

Organic compounds containing the -CO-NH2 radical. Amides are derived from acids by replacement of -OH by -NH2 or from ammonia by the replacement of H by an acyl group. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

The removal of an amino group (NH2) from a chemical compound.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.

The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n.

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation; HYDROXYLATION; ACETYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; METHYLATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ubiquitination; oxidation; proteolysis; and crosslinking and result in changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

Intermediates in protein biosynthesis. The compounds are formed from amino acids, ATP and transfer RNA, a reaction catalyzed by aminoacyl tRNA synthetase. They are key compounds in the genetic translation process.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a carbohydrate.

A low-energy attractive force between hydrogen and another element. It plays a major role in determining the properties of water, proteins, and other compounds.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

A mutation caused by the substitution of one nucleotide for another. This results in the DNA molecule having a change in a single base pair.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

A modified nucleoside which is present in the first position of the anticodon of tRNA-tyrosine, tRNA-histidine, tRNA-asparagine and tRNA-aspartic acid of many organisms. It is believed to play a role in the regulatory function of tRNA. Nucleoside Q can be further modified to nucleoside Q*, which has a mannose or galactose moiety linked to position 4 of its cyclopentenediol moiety.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.

A colorless, odorless, highly water soluble vinyl monomer formed from the hydration of acrylonitrile. It is primarily used in research laboratories for electrophoresis, chromatography, and electron microscopy and in the sewage and wastewater treatment industries.

A transfer RNA which is specific for carrying aspartic acid to sites on the ribosomes in preparation for protein synthesis.

The region of an enzyme that interacts with its substrate to cause the enzymatic reaction.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

The level of protein structure in which regular hydrogen-bond interactions within contiguous stretches of polypeptide chain give rise to alpha helices, beta strands (which align to form beta sheets) or other types of coils. This is the first folding level of protein conformation.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.

Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of hexose groups. EC 2.4.1.-.

Derivatives of GLUTAMIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the 2-aminopentanedioic acid structure.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

Derivatives of acetic acid with one or more fluorines attached. They are almost odorless, difficult to detect chemically, and very stable. The acid itself, as well as the derivatives that are broken down in the body to the acid, are highly toxic substances, behaving as convulsant poisons with a delayed action. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed)

An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of methyl groups from S-adenosylmethionine to free carboxyl groups of a protein molecule forming methyl esters. EC 2.1.1.-.

A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.

Hemoglobin Providence. A human hemoglobin variant occurring in two forms in vivo. (1/1939)

Hemoglobin Providence Asn and Hemoglobin Providence Asp are two abnormal hemoglobins which apparently arise from a single genetic change that substitutes asparagine for lysine at position 82 (EF6) in the beta chain of human hemoglobin. The second form appears to be thr result of a partial in vivo deamidation of the asparagine situated at position beta 82. Cellulose acetate and citrate agar electrophoresis of hemolysates from patients with this abnormality shows three bands. Globin chain electrophoresis at acid and alkaline pH shows three beta chains. These three chains correspond to the normal beta A chain and two abnormal beta chains. Sequence analysis indicates that the two abnormal chains differ from beta A at only position beta 82. In the two abnormal chains, the residue which is normally lysine is substituted either by asparagine or by aspartic acid. These substitutions are notable because beta 82 lysine is one of the residues involved in 2,3-diphosphoglycerate binding. Additionally, beta 82 lysine is typically invariant in hemoglobin beta chain sequences. Sequence data on the two forms of Hemoglobin Providence are given in this paper. The functional properties of these two forms are described in the next paper. (+info)

Merbarone, a catalytic inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase II, induces apoptosis in CEM cells through activation of ICE/CED-3-like protease. (2/1939)

Merbarone (5-[N-phenyl carboxamido]-2-thiobarbituric acid) is an anticancer drug that inhibits the catalytic activity of DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) without damaging DNA or stabilizing DNA-topo II cleavable complexes. Although the cytotoxicity of the complex-stabilizing DNA-topo II inhibitors such as VP-16 (etoposide) has been partially elucidated, the cytotoxicity of merbarone is poorly understood. Here, we report that merbarone induces programmed cell death or apoptosis in human leukemic CEM cells, characterized by internucleosomal DNA cleavage and nuclear condensation. Treatment of CEM cells with apoptosis-inducing concentrations of merbarone caused activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase, c-jun gene induction, activation of caspase-3/CPP32-like protease but not caspase-1, and the proteolytic cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Treatment of CEM cells with a potent inhibitor of caspases, Z-Asp-2. 6-dichlorobenzoyloxymethyl-ketone, inhibited merbarone-induced caspase-3/CPP32-like activity and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that the catalytic inhibition of topo II by merbarone leads to apoptotic cell death through a caspase-3-like protease-dependent mechanism. These results further suggest that c-Jun and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase signaling may be involved in the cytotoxicity of merbarone. (+info)

Distortion of the L-->M transition in the photocycle of the bacteriorhodopsin mutant D96N: a time-resolved step-scan FTIR investigation. (3/1939)

The D96N mutant of bacteriorhodopsin has often been taken as a model system to study the M intermediate of the wild type photocycle due to the long life time of the corresponding intermediate of the mutant. Using time-resolved step-scan FTIR spectroscopy in combination with a sample changing wheel we investigated the photocycle of the mutant with microsecond time resolution. Already after several microseconds an intermediate similar to the MN state is observed, which contrasts with the M state of the wild type protein. At reduced hydration M and N intermediates similar to those of wild type BR can be detected. These results have a bearing on the interpretation of the photocycle of this mutant. A mechanism is suggested for the fast rise of MN which provides some insight into the molecular events involved in triggering the opening of the cytosolic channel also of the wild type protein. (+info)

Interaction of asparagine and EGF in the regulation of ornithine decarboxylase in IEC-6 cells. (4/1939)

Our laboratory has shown that asparagine (ASN) stimulates both ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and gene expression in an intestinal epithelial cell line (IEC-6). The effect of ASN is specific, and other A- and N-system amino acids are almost as effective as ASN when added alone. In the present study, epidermal growth factor (EGF) was unable to increase ODC activity in cells maintained in a salt-glucose solution (Earle's balanced salt solution). However, the addition of ASN (10 mM) in the presence of EGF (30 ng/ml) increased the activity of ODC 0.5- to 4-fold over that stimulated by ASN alone. EGF also showed induction of ODC with glutamine and alpha-aminoisobutyric acid, but ODC induction was maximum with ASN and EGF. Thus the mechanism of the interaction between ASN and EGF is important for understanding the regulation of ODC under physiological conditions. Therefore, we examined the expression of the ODC gene and those for several protooncogenes under the same conditions. Increased expression of the genes for c-Jun and c-Fos but not for ODC occurred with EGF alone. The addition of ASN did not further increase the expression of the protooncogenes, but the combination of EGF and ASN further increased the expression of ODC over that of ASN alone. Western analysis showed no significant difference in the level of ODC protein in Earle's balanced salt solution, ASN, EGF, or EGF plus ASN. Addition of cycloheximide during ASN and ASN plus EGF treatment completely inhibited ODC activity without affecting the level of ODC protein. These results indicated that 1) the increased expression of protooncogenes in response to EGF is independent of increases in ODC activity and 2) potentiation between EGF and ASN on ODC activity may not be due to increased gene transcription but to posttranslational regulation and the requirement of ongoing protein synthesis involving a specific factor dependent on ASN. (+info)

Glycosylation of asparagine-28 of recombinant staphylokinase with high-mannose-type oligosaccharides results in a protein with highly attenuated plasminogen activator activity. (5/1939)

The properties of recombinant staphylokinase (SakSTAR) expressed in Pichia pastoris cells have been determined. The single consensus N-linked oligosaccharide linkage site in SakSTAR (at Asn28 of the mature protein) was occupied in approximately 50% of the expressed protein with high-mannose-type oligosaccharides. The majority of these glycans ranged in polymerization state from Man8GlcNAc2 to Man14GlcNAc2, with the predominant species being Man10GlcNAc2 and Man11GlcNAc2. Glycosylated SakSTAR (SakSTARg) did not differ from its aglycosyl form in its aggregation state in solution, its thermal denaturation properties, its ability to form a complex with human plasmin (hPm), the amidolytic properties of the respective SakSTAR-hPm complexes, or its ability to liberate the amino-terminal decapeptide required for formation of a functional SakSTAR-hPm plasminogen activator complex. However, this latter complex with SakSTARg showed a greatly reduced ability to activate human plasminogen (hPg) as compared with the same complex with the aglycosyl form of SakSTAR. We conclude that glycosylation at Asn28 does not affect the structural properties of SakSTAR or its ability to participate in the formation of an active enzymatic complex with hPm, but it is detrimental to the ability of the SakSTAR-hPm complex to serve as a hPg activator. This is likely due to restricted access of hPg to the active site of the SakSTARg-hPm complex. (+info)

The presence of pseudouridine in the anticodon alters the genetic code: a possible mechanism for assignment of the AAA lysine codon as asparagine in echinoderm mitochondria. (6/1939)

It has been inferred from DNA sequence analyses that in echinoderm mitochondria not only the usual asparagine codons AAU and AAC, but also the usual lysine codon AAA, are translated as asparagine by a single mitochondrial (mt) tRNAAsn with the anticodon GUU. Nucleotide sequencing of starfish mt tRNAAsn revealed that the anticodon is GPsiU, U35 at the anticodon second position being modified to pseudouridine (Psi). In contrast, mt tRNALys, corresponding to another lysine codon, AAG, has the anticodon CUU. mt tRNAs possessing anti-codons closely related to that of tRNAAsn, but responsible for decoding only two codons each-tRNAHis, tRNAAsp and tRNATyr-were found to possess unmodified U35 in all cases, suggesting the importance of Psi35 for decoding the three codons. Therefore, the decoding capabilities of two synthetic Escherichia coli tRNAAla variants with the anticodon GPsiU or GUU were examined using an E.coli in vitro translation system. Both tRNAs could translate not only AAC and AAU with similar efficiency, but also AAA with an efficiency that was approximately 2-fold higher in the case of tRNAAlaGPsiU than tRNAAlaGUU. These findings imply that Psi35 of echinoderm mt tRNAAsn actually serves to decode the unusual asparagine codon AAA, resulting in the alteration of the genetic code in echinoderm mitochondria. (+info)

L-Asparagine synthetase in serum as a marker for neoplasia. (7/1939)

L-Asparagine synthetase appears in serum approximately 7 days after the s.c. implantation of 1 X 10(5) cells of Leukemia 5178Y/AR (resistant to L-asparaginase) and increases in activity as the neoplasm grows and metastasizes. The principal source of the enzyme is the primary tumor. After intravranial inoculation of tumor, the rate of leakage of the enzyme is more pronounced than when the subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intraperitoneal routes are used. 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (NSC 79037), a nitro-sourea effective in the palliation of L5178Y/AR, temporarily halts the influx of enzyme into the blood stream, as does surgical excision of the s.c. tumor nodules. Treatment of mice with L-asparaginase within 24 hr of inoculation of the tumor markedly augments both tumor growth and the rate of penetration of L-asparagine synthetase into the circulation. Several other L-asparagine synthetase into the circulation. Several other L-asparaginase-resistant tumors also were found to spill L-asparagine synthetase into the serum, but the correlation between this phenomenon and the specific activity of the enzyme in homogenates of the tumor was imperfect. (+info)

Conserved polar residues in the transmembrane domain of the human tachykinin NK2 receptor: functional roles and structural implications. (8/1939)

We have studied the effects of agonist and antagonist binding, agonist-induced activation and agonist-induced desensitization of the human tachykinin NK2 receptor mutated at polar residues Asn-51 [in transmembrane helix 1 (TM1)], Asp-79 (TM2) and Asn-303 (TM7), which are highly conserved in the transmembrane domain in the rhodopsin family of G-protein-coupled receptors. Wild-type and mutant receptors were expressed in both COS-1 cells and Xenopus oocytes. The results show that the N51D mutation results in a receptor which, in contrast with the wild-type receptor, is desensitized by the application of a concentration of 1 microM of the partial agonist GR64349, indicating that the mutant is more sensitive to agonist activation than is the wild-type receptor. In addition, we show that, whereas the D79E mutant displayed activation properties similar to those of the wild-type receptor, the D79N and D79A mutants displayed a severely impaired ability to activate the calcium-dependent chloride current. This suggests that it is the negative charge at Asn-79, rather than the ability of this residue to hydrogen-bond, that is critical for the activity of the receptor. Interestingly, the placement of a negative charge at position 303 could compensate for the removal of the negative charge at position 79, since the double mutant D79N/N303D displayed activation properties similar to those of the wild-type receptor. This suggests that these two residues are functionally coupled, and may even be in close proximity in the three-dimensional structure of the human tachykinin NK2 receptor. A three-dimensional model of the receptor displaying this putative interaction is presented. (+info)

... asparagine mutant". Biochemistry. 36 (46): 13979-88. doi:10.1021/bi971004s. PMID 9369469. Maruyama T, Kitaoka Y, Sachi Y, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thioredoxin

Kornfeld, Rosalind; Kornfeld, Stuart (1985). "Assembly of Asparagine-Linked Oligosaccharides". Annual Review of Biochemistry. ... Kornfeld, Rosalind; Kornfeld, Stuart (1985). "Assembly of Asparagine-Linked Oligosaccharides". Annual Review of Biochemistry. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosalind_Kornfeld

Other names in common use include asparagine synthetase (ADP-forming), and asparagine synthetase (adenosine diphosphate-forming ... Nair PM (September 1969). "Asparagine synthetase from gamma-irradiated potatoes". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 133 ... L-asparagine The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-aspartate, and NH3, whereas its 3 products are ADP, phosphate, and L- ... asparagine. This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, specifically those forming carbon-nitrogen bonds as acid-D-ammonia ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartate—ammonia_ligase_(ADP-forming)

... on the interior and asparagine (R), Serine (and lysine (K) on the exterior. Asparagine residues may serve as an important ... Kornfeld, R.; Kornfeld, S. (1985). "Assembly of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides" (PDF). Annual Review of Biochemistry. 54: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C1orf167

"Entrez Gene: asparagine-linked glycosylation 11". Cipollo, JF; Trimble, RB; Chi, JH; Yan, Q; Dean, N (2001). "The yeast ALG11 ... Asparagine-linked glycosylation protein 11 is an enzyme encoded by the ALG11 gene. Congenital disorder of glycosylation GRCh38 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALG11

The difucosylation of asparagine-bound N-acetylglucosamine". Eur. J. Biochem. 199 (3): 745-51. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991. ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is GDP-L-fucose:glycoprotein (L-fucose to asparagine-linked N-acetylglucosamine of N4 ... asparagine The 5 substrates of this enzyme are GDP-L-fucose, [[N4-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3 ... asparagine) 3-alpha-L-fucosyl-transferase. Other names in common use include GDP-L-Fuc:N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide alpha1,3- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoprotein_3-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase

It has fewer aspartate, glutamate, and asparagine. The high ratio of basic to acidic amino acids contributes to the protein's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C16orf95

This amino acid was replaced with asparagine. The complication with mutations in the BCKDHA gene is that it disrupts the normal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCKDHA

The lysine is replaced by an asparagine. The lysine is needed so that the chromophore retinal can covalently bind to the opsin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nematode_chemoreceptor

Inhibition of L-'asparagine synthetase in vivo". Biochemical Pharmacology. 25 (16): 1851-8. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(76)90189-1. ... "Reactions of Pseudomonas 7A glutaminase-asparaginase with diazo analogues of glutamine and asparagine result in unexpected ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine

Role of histidine 191 and asparagine 194". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (49): 32753-32762. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.49. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphinone_reductase

Ambasta RK, Ai X, Emerson CP (November 2007). "Quail Sulf1 function requires asparagine-linked glycosylation". The Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SULF1

Other names in common use include asparagine synthetase, and L-asparagine synthetase. This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic ... "Asparagine biosynthesis in Lactobacillus arabinosus and its control by asparagine through enzyme inhibition and repression". J ... Webster GC, Varner JE (1955). "Aspartate metabolism and asparagine synthesis in plant systems". J. Biol. Chem. 215: 91-99. PMID ... L-asparagine The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-aspartate, and NH3, whereas its 3 products are AMP, diphosphate, and L- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartate—ammonia_ligase

... forms a separate sub-type in the asparagine N-linked glycosylation system. The short paucimannosidic glycans ... Kubelka, Viktoria; Altmann, Friedrich; Mrz, Leopold (February 1995). "The asparagine-linked carbohydrate of honeybee venom ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paucimannosylation

Asparagine and aspartic acid are both larger than threonine, and both asparagine and aspartic acid like to be in a turn while ... Aspartic acid and asparagine carry a formal charge. This charge however is negative for aspartic acid and positive for ... Asparagine and aspartic acid are both hydrophilic, while threonine has intermediate hydrophilicity. ... asparagine. Phoratoxin has not been synthesized in a lab yet. It can, however, be extracted from the Phoradendron. Phoratoxin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoratoxin

50 mg each asparagine, cystine, leucine, and isoleucine; 40 mg lysine hydrochloride; 30 mg serine; 20 mg each aspartic acid, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RPMI_1640

The least abundant are lysine, methionine, and asparagine. There is less asparagine, isoleucine, and lysine than would be ... Specifically, there is less asparagine, isoleucine, and lysine and more arginine than would be expected for an average protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmembrane_protein_151A

Chiu M, Taurino G, Bianchi MG, Kilberg MS, Bussolati O (2020-01-09). "Asparagine Synthetase in Cancer: Beyond Acute ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncometabolism

An N-linked glycoprotein has glycan bonds to the nitrogen containing an asparagine amino acid within the protein sequence. An O ... In N-glycosylation, sugars are attached to nitrogen, typically on the amide side-chain of asparagine. In O-glycosylation, ... For example, inhibition of asparagine-linked, i.e. N-linked, glycosylation can prevent proper glycoprotein folding and full ... method of glycosylation of N-linked glycoproteins is through the reaction between a protected glycan and a protected Asparagine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoprotein

This enzyme participates in alanine and asparagine metabolism. Ibba M, Soll D (2000). "Aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis". Annual Review ... L-asparagine, and tRNAAsx, whereas its 3 products are AMP, diphosphate, and asparaginyl-tRNAAsx. When this enzyme acts on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartate—tRNA(Asn)_ligase

"Glycosidases of the asparagine-linked oligosaccharide processing pathway." Glycobiology 4.2 (1994): 113-125. Herscovics, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annette_Herscovics

Otherwise histidine, glutamate, asparagine, cysteine are susceptible to methylation. Some of these products include S- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylation

"Entrez Gene: asparagine-linked glycosylation 13 homolog (S. cerevisiae)". Gao XD, Tachikawa H, Sato T, Jigami Y, Dean N ( ... It heterodimerizes with asparagine-linked glycosylation 14 (ALG14) homolog to form a functional UDP-GlcNAc glycosyltransferase ... UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase subunit ALG13 homolog, also known as asparagine-linked glycosylation 13 homolog, is an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALG13

Identification of asparagine as the site of ADP-ribosylation". J Biol Chem. 1984;259:749-756. Scovassi, AI; Denegri, M; ... and asparagine have been identified in subsequent works. During DNA damage or cellular stress PARPs are activated, leading to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADP-ribosylation

... and asparagine". The Biochemistry of Plants. 16: 121-159. Robinson, S. A.; Slade, A. P.; Fox, G. G.; Phillips, R.; Ratcliffe, R ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharon_Robinson_(physiologist)

Short day length promotes asparagine formation, whereas glutamine is produced under long day regimes. Darkness favors protein ... Low night temperature conserves glutamine; high night temperature increases accumulation of asparagine because of breakdown. ... breakdown accompanied by high asparagine accumulation. Night temperature modifies the effects due to night length, and soluble ...

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The aspartate metabolic pathway is involved in both storage of asparagine and in synthesis of aspartate-family amino acids. ... At night, aspartate is converted to asparagine for storage. Additionally, the aspartate kinase-homoserine dehydrogenase gene is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homoserine_dehydrogenase

... and asparagine residues. Asparagine, histidine, and arginine residues are involved in catalysis. Human PanK-II isoforms PanK1α ... The middle of the helices is attached by hydrogen bonds between asparagine residues. At the N-terminal end, each helix widens ...

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Translational reprogramming marks adaptation to asparagine restriction in cancer. Nat Cell Biol 21, 1590-1603 (2019). https:// ...

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AAA as an asparagine codon in some animal mitochondria. Ohama, T, S. Osawa, K. Watanabe, T.H. Jukes, 1990. J. Molec Evol. 30 ... Asparagine (Asn, N), Aspartic acid (Asp, D), Cysteine (Cys, C), Glutamic acid (Glu, E), Glutamine (Gln, Q), Glycine (Gly, G), ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trematode_mitochondrial_code

Asparagine synthetase deficiency is a condition that causes neurological problems in affected individuals starting soon after ... aspartic acid to the amino acid asparagine.. In addition to being a component of proteins, asparagine helps to break down toxic ... Asparagine Synthetase Deficiency causes reduced proliferation of cells under conditions of limited asparagine. Mol Genet Metab ... Asparagine synthetase deficiency is caused by mutations in a gene called ASNS. This gene provides instructions for making an ...

https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/asparagine-synthetase-deficiency/

Asparagine is required for development and function of the brain. The availability of asparagine is also important for protein ... Since the asparagine side-chain can form hydrogen bond interactions with the peptide backbone, asparagine residues are often ... The determination of asparagines structure required decades of research. The empirical formula for asparagine was first ... The enzyme asparagine synthetase produces asparagine, AMP, glutamate, and pyrophosphate from aspartate, glutamine, and ATP. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asparagine

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It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and ... Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. ... Asparagine. Subscribe to New Research on Asparagine A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of ... beta-methyl-asparagine. *D-mannopyranosyl-(1-6)-D-mannopyranosyl-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-2-acetamido-1 ...

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Constitutive GCN2 activation permits ATF4 signaling in one subtype, driving excess asparagine production. Asparagine release ... Conversely, depletion of extracellular asparagine with PEG-asparaginase sensitizes tumors to mitochondrial targeting with ... Functionally, availability of exogenous asparagine during limited respiration indirectly supports maintenance of aspartate ... we find an unexpected role for asparagine supporting proliferation during limited respiration. ...

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Deficient in L-Asparagine. Dave Ramirez (verified purchase) - August 6, 2021. I am gluten sensitive and recently had a ... SpectraCell blood test which found I was deficient in the amino acid asparagine. This supplement was very difficult to find ...

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MMP8 WITH MALONIC AND ASPARAGINE BASED INHIBITOR. *PDB DOI: 10.2210/pdb1A85/pdb ... MMP8 WITH MALONIC AND ASPARAGINE BASED INHIBITOR ...

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BDNF/TrkB signaling activates Akt that phosphorylates and inhibits asparagine endopeptidase (AEP), which regulates the ... Xiong, J., Liao, J., Liu, X. et al. A TrkB agonist prodrug prevents bone loss via inhibiting asparagine endopeptidase and ... A TrkB agonist prodrug prevents bone loss via inhibiting asparagine endopeptidase and increasing osteoprotegerin. *Jing Xiong ... BDNF/TrkB signaling activates Akt that phosphorylates and inhibits asparagine endopeptidase (AEP), which regulates the ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-32435-5

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Comprehensive supplier list for D-Asparagine Methyl Ester Hydrochloride,D-Asparagine Monohydrate ... Synonyms: D-Asparagine hydrate, D-Asparagine monohydrate, (D)-Aspartic acid 4-amide, D-(-)Asparagine Monohydrate, (R)-(-)-2- ... D-asparagine, L-tartrate (1 supplier). 108590-03-0. D-Asparagine, methyl ester (13 suppliers). IUPAC Name: methyl (2R)-2,4- ... D-Asparagine, N-(3-carboxypropyl)- (1 supplier). 112558-50-6. D-Asparagine, N-(3-carboxypropyl)-N2-L-g-glutamyl- (1 supplier). ...

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Studies on L-Asparagine monohydrate single crystals for NLO applications. Publication Type : Conference Paper ... Cite this Research Publication : J. Arunkumar, N. Vijayan, R. Gopalakrishnan and P. Ramasamy, Studies on L-Asparagine ... HomePublicationsStudies on L-Asparagine monohydrate single crystals for NLO applications ...

https://www.amrita.edu/publication/studies-on-l-asparagine-monohydrate-single-crystals-for-nlo-applications/

4. 4. An attempt has been made to extrapolate these in vitro studies to the regulation of the metabolism of l-asparagine in ... mouse pancreatic and tumoral l-asparagine synthetase, were used. 3. 3. Selective inhibitors have been categorized as-trace ... macromolecules has been carried out in an attempt to identify molecules capable of regulating the metabolism of l-asparagine. 2 ... 4. 4. An attempt has been made to extrapolate these in vitro studies to the regulation of the metabolism of l-asparagine in ...

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Asparagine (Tag Archives). Subscribe to PricePlows Newsletter and Asparagine Alerts. Topic. Blog Posts. YouTube Videos. ...

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We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click Accept all cookies well assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you wont see this message again. If you click Reject all non-essential cookies only necessary cookies providing core functionality such as security, network management, and accessibility will be enabled. Click Find out more for information on how to change your cookie settings. ...

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The NHANES Dietary Supplement Database (NHANES-DSD) contains detailed information on the dietary supplements (DS) and non-prescription antacids containing calcium and/or magnesium (antacids) reported by survey participants since NHANES 1999. The NHANES-DSD release consists of three datasets which contain information on products; Dietary Supplement Product Information(DSPI), Dietary Supplement Ingredient Information (DSII), and Dietary Supplement Blend Information(DSBI). Dietary supplement information from the in-house NCHS Product Label Database (PLD) is publicly released in three files that make up the NHANES-DSD. These files incorporate all products that have been reported by respondents since 1999 from the PLD. With subsequent releases, new products reported will be appended to the NHANES-DSD files. The in-house PLD database is maintained by NCHS nutritionists. NCHS attempts to obtain a product label for all dietary supplements or antacids reported by participants from sources such as the ...

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Asparagine **. Tryptophan *. Glutamic Acid *. Glutamine *. Phenylalanine *. Serine **. Asparagine *. Proline *. Other Amino ... Asparagine. 4.33. +/- 1.0. 4.40. +/- 0.85. n.s.. 3.6-5.7. 30% 8%. 3.1-6.7. 3.7-8.1. ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/747112

Enzyme Based Asparagine Biosensor for the Detection of Asparagine Levels in Leukemic Samples. International Journal of Applied ... L-asparaginase breaks down asparagine into aspartic acid and ammonia, thus killing the tumor cells due to asparagine starvation ... Enzyme Based Asparagine Biosensor for the Detection of Asparagine Levels in Leukemic Samples. ... so it was choosen for the development of asparagine biosensor. In the leukemic blood samples the asparagine concentration was ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/169096?locale=en

... asparagine). In summary, the viruses from the dog were similar to the H5N1 viruses isolated in Thailand in 2004 and to the ...

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The lower limit of the reference range is 10-20 μmol/L. The upper limit of the reference range is 35-65 μmol/L.

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L-asparagine ABC transporter, fused permease and substrate-binding components GlnP. glnQ. L-asparagine ABC transporter, ATPase ... aspartate/asparagine ABC transporter, permease component 2 (AatM). aatP. aspartate/asparagine ABC transporter, ATPase component ... aspartate/asparagine ABC transporter, permease component 2 (BztC). bztD. aspartate/asparagine ABC transporter, ATPase component ... aspartate/asparagine ABC transporter, substrate-binding component BztA. bztB. aspartate/asparagine ABC transporter, permease ...

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... Assay (titr., calc. on dried subst.): 98.0 - 101.5 % Share *Facebook ... L-Asparagine anhydrous (USP-NF) pure, pharma grade. Headline Comment:. • All amino acids from AppliChem are of non-animal ...

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CAS No. 5794-24-1 HSN Code : 29224990 IMDG Identification : Not Regulated for Transport (Non-Haz) Molecular Formula : C4H8N2O3.H2O Molecular Weight : 150.14 Storage : Room Temperature Shelf Life : 60 Months Specifications Appearance (Colour) White Appearance (Form) Crystalline powder Solubility (Turbidity) 10% solution 2N HCl Clear Solubility (Colour) 10%…

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"Asparagine" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Asparagine" by people in this website by year, and whether " ... It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Asparagine" by people in Profiles. ...

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L-Asparagine with the InChIKey DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N. ... L-Asparagine; LC-ESI-QQ; MS2; CE:20 V; [M-H]-. Mass Spectrum ... CH$NAME: L-Asparagine. CH$NAME: 2-Aminosuccinamic acid. CH$COMPOUND_CLASS: N/A. CH$FORMULA: C4H8N2O3. CH$EXACT_MASS: 132.05349 ... RECORD_TITLE: L-Asparagine; LC-ESI-QQ; MS2; CE:20 V; [M-H]-. DATE: 2016.01.19 (Created 2007.07.07, modified 2011.05.10). ...

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Replica Mass Spectra of Asparagine (4TMS) MP. replica. lib entry date. detection. method. species. ...

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Here we demonstrate the role of translational reprogramming in the survival of asparagine-restricted cancer cells. Asparagine ... Translational reprogramming marks adaptation to asparagine restriction in cancer. Gaurav Pathria, Joo Sang Lee, Erez Hasnis, ... These studies reveal an axis of adaptation to asparagine deprivation and present a rationale for the clinical evaluation of ... MAPK inhibition attenuates translational induction of ATF4 and the expression of its target asparagine synthetase (ASNS), ...

https://pangeabiomed.com/?publications=translational-reprogramming-marks-adaptation-to-asparagine-restriction-in-cancer

Glutamine and asparagine activate mTORC1 independently of Rag GTPases. Journal of Biological Chemistry ...

https://www.jbc.org/jbc-communications?startPage=&KeywordRaw=mTORC1

Asparagine also provides key sites for N-linked glycosylation, modification of the protein chain with the addition of carbohydrate chains. (wikipedia.org)
2013) Engineered genetic selection links in vivo protein folding and stability with asparagine-linked glycosylation. (cornell.edu)
The protein also includes two asparagines for nitrogen glycosylation (Hagiwara 2013). (kenyon.edu)

It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (curehunter.com)
L-asparaginase breaks down asparagine into aspartic acid and ammonia, thus killing the tumor cells due to asparagine starvation. (who.int)
Calaspargase pegol catalyzes conversion of L-asparagine into aspartic acid and ammonia. (medscape.com)
Asparaginase and pegaspargase help to degrade asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. (brainkart.com)

Asparagine synthetase uses ATP to activate aspartate, forming β-aspartyl-AMP. (wikipedia.org)
In reaction that is the reverse of its biosynthesis, asparagine is hydrolyzed to aspartate by asparaginase. (wikipedia.org)
Functionally, availability of exogenous asparagine during limited respiration indirectly supports maintenance of aspartate pools, a rate-limiting biosynthetic precursor. (nature.com)
Overview: Asparagine catabolism in GapMind is based on asparaginase, which forms ammonia and aspartate. (lbl.gov)
Dive into the research topics of 'A method for the detection of asparagine deamidation and aspartate isomerization of proteins by MALDI/TOF-mass spectrometry using endoproteinase Asp-N'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. (elsevier.com)
It is formed by the enzyme asparagine synthetase from aspartate. (goldbio.com)

In this regard, okra pods were dipped for 10 min in distilled water (as control) and four solutions containing 2mM arginine, asparagine, or glycine individually as well as a combination of the aforementioned amino acids. (ac.ir)
Postharvest Treatments of Arginine, Asparagine, and Glycine Reduce Chilling Injury and Improve Okra Pod Quality', International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology , 10(4), pp. 351-360. (ac.ir)
Among women who were not using oral contraceptives or menopausal hormone therapy when the samples were collected (1124 cases and 1124 controls), higher concentrations of acylcarnitine and lower concentrations of arginine, asparagine, and five different phosphatidylcholines were associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. (who.int)

Typically, a carbohydrate tree can solely be added to an asparagine residue if the latter is flanked on the C side by X-serine or X-threonine, where X is any amino acid with the exception of proline. (wikipedia.org)
Factor-inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor (FIH) catalyzes the β-hydroxylation of an asparagine residue in the C-terminal transcriptional activation domain of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), a modification that negatively regulates HIF transcriptional activity. (ox.ac.uk)
Hydrolysis involves usually a catalytic triad consisting of the thiol group of the cysteine, the imidazolium ring of a histidine, and a third residue, usually asparagine or aspartic acid, to orientate and activate the imidazolium ring. (embl-heidelberg.de)
A protein modification that effectively converts an L-asparagine residue to N4-(N-acetylaminoglucosyl)-L-asparagine. (reactome.org)
1) Removal of entire N-glycan chains by peptide- N-glycosidase (PNGase) digestion, with concomitant deamidation of the released asparagine residue. (dtu.dk)

J. Arunkumar, N. Vijayan, R. Gopalakrishnan and P. Ramasamy, Studies on L-Asparagine monohydrate single crystals for NLO applications, Proc. (amrita.edu)
Temperature Cycling Induced Deracemization ofdl-Asparagine Monohydrate with Immobilized Amino Acid Racemase. (mpg.de)

The nonessential amino acids include asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine. (sfgate.com)
Acrylamide is a α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound formed during the Maillard reaction by heating of food from certain amino acids like asparagine and reducing sugars. (uni-kl.de)

Asparagine synthetase deficiency is caused by mutations in a gene called ASNS . (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the ASNS gene that cause asparagine synthetase deficiency lead to a decrease or loss of functional enzyme. (medlineplus.gov)
MAPK inhibition attenuates translational induction of ATF4 and the expression of its target asparagine synthetase (ASNS), sensitizing melanoma and pancreatic tumours to asparagine restriction, reflected in the inhibition of their growth. (pangeabiomed.com)
Homo sapiens asparagine synthetase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) (ASNS), transcript variant 1, mRNA. (genscript.com)

Their blood was used to measure alanine transaminase (ALT), asparagine transaminase (AST), cholesterol, creatinine and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA 1 C). (aaem.pl)

Conversely, depletion of extracellular asparagine with PEG-asparaginase sensitizes tumors to mitochondrial targeting with phenformin. (nature.com)
The pharmacological effect is thought to be based on selective killing of leukemic cells because of depletion of plasma L-asparagine. (medscape.com)
Inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide led to intracellular depletion of the glycosidase and concomitant ablation of asparagine-linked glycoprotein degradation, confirming the physiologic relevance of the destabilization process. (nih.gov)

In addition to being a component of proteins, asparagine helps to break down toxic ammonia within cells, is important for protein modification, and is needed for making a molecule that transmits signals in the brain (a neurotransmitter). (medlineplus.gov)

Asparagine (symbol Asn or N) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. (wikipedia.org)
string(323) "Asparagine can form hydrogen bond interactions with peptides found in alpha and beta proteins, which can modify the behavior of proteins. (goldbio.com)
Acrylamide is a toxic chemical which is produced by high temperature cooking (above 248C) when asparagine, an amino acid (in proteins), binds with sugars in whatever is being cooked. (myeloma.org)

This gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called asparagine synthetase. (medlineplus.gov)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Enzyme Based Asparagine Biosensor for the Detection of Asparagine Levels in Leukemic Samples. (who.int)
Characterization of a mutant Bacillus subtilis adenylosuccinate lyase equivalent to a mutant enzyme found in human adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency: asparagine 276 plays an important structural role. (jefferson.edu)
Enzyme also known as PNGase F, peptide-N-glycosidase F, peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-β-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase. (agilent.com)

Results showed that glycine and asparagine individually reduced the rate of pods' weight loss by as much as 43% and 37%, respectively. (ac.ir)
In vitro, the amino acid asparagine stimulates the growth of the organism, while glycine induces hyphal formation. (medscape.com)

Asparagine synthetase deficiency is a condition that causes neurological problems in affected individuals starting soon after birth. (medlineplus.gov)
Most individuals with asparagine synthetase deficiency have exaggerated reflexes (hyperreflexia) and weak muscle tone (hypotonia). (medlineplus.gov)
People with asparagine synthetase deficiency may have an exaggerated startle reaction (hyperekplexia) to unexpected stimuli. (medlineplus.gov)
People with asparagine synthetase deficiency typically do not survive past childhood. (medlineplus.gov)
Asparagine synthetase deficiency is thought to be a rare condition. (medlineplus.gov)
As a result, brain cells in people with asparagine synthetase deficiency have a shortage (deficiency) of this amino acid. (medlineplus.gov)
The exact effect of asparagine synthetase deficiency on brain cells is unknown, but because of the severe features of this condition, it is clear that asparagine is necessary for normal brain development. (medlineplus.gov)
Asparagine Synthetase Deficiency causes reduced proliferation of cells under conditions of limited asparagine. (medlineplus.gov)

The free amino acid asparagine is the main precursor to formation of acrylamide, a probable carcinogen, in bakery products. (umanitoba.ca)
Currently patent pending, the ingredient was developed using non-GMO techniques to break down the amino acid asparagine, a precursor of acrylamide, regardless of environmental conditions. (bakeryandsnacks.com)

Asparagine-linked oligosaccharides on lutropin, follitropin, and thyrotropin. (avma.org)
Synthesis of the pentasaccharide core structure of asparagine-linked glycoprotein oligosaccharides by the glycal assembly method. (mpg.de)
In the early secretory pathway, opportunistic cleavage of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) mannosidase I targets misfolded glycoproteins for dislocation into the cytosol and destruction by 26 S proteasomes. (nih.gov)

Heating a mixture of asparagine and reducing sugars or other source of carbonyls produces acrylamide in food. (wikipedia.org)
Low acrylamide flatbreads prepared from colored rice flours and relationship to asparagine and proximate content of flours and flatbreads. (usda.gov)
Acrylamide is formed from an amino acid, asparagine, which occurs in potatoes at varying levels. (gmwatch.org)
The Simplot potato is intended to produce less asparagine, so that less acrylamide will be formed on cooking. (gmwatch.org)
The other aspect of the acrylamide issue is that existing non-GMO potato varieties vary hugely in the amount of asparagine they contain, and some contain very little. (gmwatch.org)
In baked and fried foods, acrylamide is formed from asparagine as a by-product of the Maillard reaction at temperatures above 120 °C. (thermofisher.com)

Glutamine donates an ammonium group, which reacts with β-aspartyl-AMP to form asparagine and free AMP. (wikipedia.org)

In heme enzymes belonging to the peroxidase-cyclooxygenase superfamily the proximal histidine is in close interaction with a fully conserved asparagine. (rcsb.org)
The coding sequence of exon 5 was modified such that the amino acid asparagine was substituted for histidine at position 126 (H126N). (jax.org)

Four clans of cysteine peptidases share structural similarities with serine and threonine peptidases and asparagine lyases. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Since the asparagine side-chain can form hydrogen bond interactions with the peptide backbone, asparagine residues are often found near the beginning of alpha-helices as asx turns and asx motifs, and in similar turn motifs, or as amide rings, in beta sheets. (wikipedia.org)

These point mutations change a serine (Ser-108) in the wild type to an asparagine (Asn-108 mutation) or to a threonine (Thr-108 mutation). (ajtmh.org)

instead, Kolbe concluded that asparagine was an amide of an amine of succinic acid. (wikipedia.org)

Most normal cells can synthesize asparagine, but some tumor cells depend on other sources of asparagine for survival. (brainkart.com)
Deprived of their supply of asparagine, the tumor cells die. (brainkart.com)

A model is proposed in which proteolytically driven checkpoint control of ER mannosidase I contributes to the establishment of an equitable glycoprotein quality control standard by which the efficiency of asparagine-linked glycoprotein conformational maturation is measured. (nih.gov)

Regulators of the metabolism of l-asparagine: A search for endogenous " by David A. Cooney, Michael T. Jones et al. (lsu.edu)

The addition of N-acetylglucosamine to asparagine is performed by oligosaccharyltransferase enzymes in the endoplasmic reticulum. (wikipedia.org)

Asparagine must be peptide bonded at both termini. (agilent.com)

BDNF/TrkB signaling activates Akt that phosphorylates and inhibits asparagine endopeptidase (AEP), which regulates the differentiation fate of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC) and is altered in postmenopausal osteoporosis. (nature.com)

asparagine gets its name from asparagus, the asparagus plant being rich in this compound. (mcgill.ca)
Aspartic acid was first discovered in 1827 by Auguste-Arthur Plisson and Étienne Ossian Henry [6] [7] by hydrolysis of asparagine , which had been isolated from asparagus juice in 1806. (wikipedia.org)
[7] [8] In 1806, French chemists Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin and Pierre Jean Robiquet isolated a compound from asparagus that was subsequently named asparagine , the first amino acid to be discovered. (wikizero.com)

Here we demonstrate the role of translational reprogramming in the survival of asparagine-restricted cancer cells. (pangeabiomed.com)
2016). Leishmania infantum Asparagine Synthetase A Is Dispensable for Parasites Survival and Infectivity . (up.pt)
Polymorphism in asparagine synthetase is associated with overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. (cdc.gov)

Asparagine limitation in melanoma and pancreatic cancer cells activates receptor tyrosine kinase-MAPK signalling as part of a feedforward mechanism involving mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-dependent increase in MAPK-interacting kinase 1 (MNK1) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), resulting in enhanced translation of activating transcription factor 4 ( ATF4 ) mRNA. (pangeabiomed.com)

These studies reveal an axis of adaptation to asparagine deprivation and present a rationale for the clinical evaluation of MAPK inhibitors in combination with asparagine restriction approaches. (pangeabiomed.com)

Furthermore, these populations are poised for metabolic cross-talk, and in examining this, we find an unexpected role for asparagine supporting proliferation during limited respiration. (nature.com)

In conclusion, selecting wheat varieties with low levels of free asparagine and applying commercial levels of nitrogen fertilization are good strategies to produce safe and high-quality wheat, with no detrimental effects on gluten strength. (umanitoba.ca)
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation has mixed effects on asparagine accumulation due to its provision of nitrogen and other nutrients. (biomedcentral.com)

Partitioning roles of side chains in affinity, orientation, and catalysis with structures for mutant complexes: asparagine-229 in thymidylate synthase. (expasy.org)
To compare the effects of these responses on gold mobility, an in vitro bacterial biofilm model was developed to examine the interaction be¬tween Sporosarcina ureae and ionic gold or L-asparagine gold complexes in gravity fed columns. (onemine.org)

The opposite ends of the IL-15Rα molecules are bound to a genetically modified IL-15 containing asparagine converted to aspartic acid at position 72 (N72D). (jax.org)
But weirdly, the potato that Simplot chose to genetically modify to make the Innate potato was the Russet Burbank, which belongs to a potato family - the Russets - with the highest levels of asparagine, as shown in the comparative analysis cited above. (gmwatch.org)
The obvious question to the GMO potato fans is: Rather than genetically engineering a naturally high-asparagine potato to make it low-asparagine, what's wrong with existing non-GMO low-asparagine potatoes? (gmwatch.org)

Asparagine was first isolated in 1806 in a crystalline form by French chemists Louis Nicolas Vauquelin and Pierre Jean Robiquet (then a young assistant). (wikipedia.org)

Free asparagine concentration was quantified using whole-wheat flours and dough rheological properties were measured using straight grade flours. (umanitoba.ca)

It is composed of cytarabine covalently bound to asparagine, acting as a prodrug of cytarabine. (ascopost.com)

In the leukemic blood samples the asparagine concentration was 10-2 to 10-3 M whereas in normal blood samples it was 10-5 to 10-6 M. The developed biosensor gave the fast response and were sensitive and reliable. (who.int)

The availability of asparagine is also important for protein synthesis during replication of poxviruses. (wikipedia.org)
A transfer RNA which is specific for carrying asparagine to sites on the ribosomes in preparation for protein synthesis. (umassmed.edu)