A family of insect viruses causing disease in lepidopterous larvae, most commonly from species of the owlet moth family Noctuidae. There is one genus: Ascovirus.

Phylogenetic analysis and possible function of bro-like genes, a multigene family widespread among large double-stranded DNA viruses of invertebrates and bacteria. (1/16)

Baculovirus repeated open reading frame (bro) genes and their relatives constitute a multigene family, typically with multiple copies per genome, known to occur among certain insect dsDNA viruses and bacteriophages. Little is known about the evolutionary history and function of the proteins encoded by these genes. Here we have shown that bro and bro-like (bro-l) genes occur among viruses of two additional invertebrate viral families, Ascoviridae and Iridoviridae, and in prokaryotic class II transposons. Analysis of over 100 sequences showed that the N-terminal region, consisting of two subdomains, is the most conserved region and contains a DNA-binding motif that has been characterized previously. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these proteins are distributed among eight groups, Groups 1-7 consisting of invertebrate virus proteins and Group 8 of proteins in bacteriophages and bacterial transposons. No bro genes were identified in databases of invertebrate or vertebrate genomes, vertebrate viruses and transposons, nor in prokaryotic genomes, except in prophages or transposons of the latter. The phylogenetic relationship between bro genes suggests that they have resulted from recombination of viral genomes that allowed the duplication and loss of genes, but also the acquisition of genes by horizontal transfer over evolutionary time. In addition, the maintenance and diversity of bro-l genes in different types of invertebrate dsDNA viruses, but not in vertebrate viruses, suggests that these proteins play an important role in invertebrate virus biology. Experiments with the unique orf2 bro gene of Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus showed that it is not required for replication, but may enhance replication during the occlusion phase of reproduction.  (+info)

Evidence for the evolution of ascoviruses from iridoviruses. (2/16)

Ascoviruses (family Ascoviridae) are large, enveloped, double-stranded (ds)DNA viruses that attack lepidopteran larvae and pupae, and are unusual in that they are transmitted by parasitic wasps during oviposition. Previous comparisons of DNA polymerase sequences from vertebrate and invertebrate viruses suggested that ascoviruses are closely related to iridoviruses. This relationship was unexpected because these viruses differ markedly in virion symmetry, genome configuration and cellular pathology. Here we present evidence based on sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses of a greater range of ascovirus proteins and their homologues in other large dsDNA viruses that ascoviruses evolved from iridoviruses. Consensus trees for the major capsid protein, DNA polymerase, thymidine kinase and ATPase III from representative ascoviruses, algal viruses (family Phycodnaviridae), vertebrate and invertebrate iridoviruses (family Iridoviridae) and African swine fever virus (ASFV; family Asfarviridae) showed that ascovirus proteins clustered most closely with those of the lepidopteran iridovirus Chilo iridescent virus (CIV) (Invertebrate iridescent virus 6). Moreover, analysis of the presence or absence of homologues of an additional 50 proteins encoded in the genome of Spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus (SfAV-1a) showed that about 40 % occurred in CIV, with lower percentages encoded by the genomes of, respectively, vertebrate iridoviruses, phycodnaviruses and ASFV. The occurrence of three of these genes in SfAV-1a but not CIV was indicative of the evolutionary differentiation of ascoviruses from invertebrate iridoviruses.  (+info)

A viral caspase contributes to modified apoptosis for virus transmission. (3/16)

The Spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus, a DNA virus that attacks lepidopterans, codes for an executioner caspase synthesized by 9 h after infection of Sf21 cells. This caspase alone induces apoptosis in insect cells and, during viral replication in vivo, contributes to a novel cell cleavage process in which developing apoptotic bodies are rescued by the virus and differentiate to form large vesicles in which virions assemble. These viral vesicles disseminate to the blood, where they are acquired during egg-laying by parasitic wasps that transmit the virus. No other viruses encode caspases or form such modified apoptotic bodies, suggesting this caspase plays a direct role in cell partitioning that facilitates viral reproduction and transmission.  (+info)

Sequence and organization of the Trichoplusia ni ascovirus 2c (Ascoviridae) genome. (4/16)

The complete Trichoplusia ni ascovirus 2c (TnAV-2c) genome sequence was determined. The circular genome contains 174,059 bp with 165 open reading frames (ORFs) of greater than 180 bp and two major homologous regions (hrs). The genome is quite A+T rich at 64.6%. Fifty-four ORFs had homologues in other insect viruses, such as ascoviruses, iridoviruses, baculoviruses and entomopoxviruses; 30 ORFs showed low identities with those from different parasitic protozoa and 12 ORFs were unique to TnAV-2c. TnAV-2c has 15 ORFs that could be grouped into six gene families. Three major conserved repeating sequences were identified and were interspersed in two regions. BLAST analyses revealed that there were 16 enzymes involved in gene transcription, DNA replication, and nucleotide metabolism. TnAV-2c has 12 and 25 ORFs sharing high identities with ascovirus and iridovirus homologues, respectively. The codon usage bias appears to be more similar to Spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus 1a than to iridoviruses.  (+info)

Genomic sequence of Spodoptera frugiperda Ascovirus 1a, an enveloped, double-stranded DNA insect virus that manipulates apoptosis for viral reproduction. (5/16)

Ascoviruses (family Ascoviridae) are double-stranded DNA viruses with circular genomes that attack lepidopterans, where they produce large, enveloped virions, 150 by 400 nm, and cause a chronic, fatal disease with a cytopathology resembling that of apoptosis. After infection, host cell DNA is degraded, the nucleus fragments, and the cell then cleaves into large virion-containing vesicles. These vesicles and virions circulate in the hemolymph, where they are acquired by parasitic wasps during oviposition and subsequently transmitted to new hosts. To develop a better understanding of ascovirus biology, we sequenced the genome of the type species Spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus 1a (SfAV-1a). The genome consisted of 156,922 bp, with a G+C ratio of 49.2%, and contained 123 putative open reading frames coding for a variety of enzymes and virion structural proteins, of which tentative functions were assigned to 44. Among the most interesting enzymes, due to their potential role in apoptosis and viral vesicle formation, were a caspase, a cathepsin B, several kinases, E3 ubiquitin ligases, and especially several enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, including a fatty acid elongase, a sphingomyelinase, a phosphate acyltransferase, and a patatin-like phospholipase. Comparison of SfAV-1a proteins with those of other viruses showed that 10% were orthologs of Chilo iridescent virus proteins, the highest correspondence with any virus, providing further evidence that ascoviruses evolved from a lepidopteran iridovirus. The SfAV-1a genome sequence will facilitate the determination of how ascoviruses manipulate apoptosis to generate the novel virion-containing vesicles characteristic of these viruses and enable study of their origin and evolution.  (+info)

Sequence and organization of the Heliothis virescens ascovirus genome. (6/16)

The nucleotide sequence of the Heliothis virescens ascovirus (HvAV-3e) DNA genome was determined and characterized in this study. The circular genome consists of 186,262 bp, has a G+C content of 45.8 mol% and encodes 180 potential open reading frames (ORFs). Five unique homologous regions (hrs), 23 'baculovirus repeat ORFs' (bro) and genes encoding a caspase homologue and several enzymes involved in nucleotide replication and metabolism were found in the genome. Several ascovirus (AV)-, iridovirus- and baculovirus-homologous genes were identified. The genome is significantly larger than the recently sequenced genomes of Trichoplusia ni AV (TnAV-2c) and Spodoptera frugiperda AV (SfAV-1a). Gene-parity plots and overall similarity of ORFs indicate that HvAV-3e is related more closely to SfAV-1a than to TnAV-2c.  (+info)

Identification of Trichoplusia ni ascovirus 2c virion structural proteins. (7/16)

Ascoviruses are a family of insect viruses with circular, double-stranded DNA genomes. With the sequencing of the Trichoplusia ni ascovirus 2c (TnAV-2c) genome, the virion structural proteins were identified by using tandem mass spectrometry. From at least eight protein bands visible on a Coomassie blue-stained gel of TnAV-2c virion proteins, seven bands generated protein sequences that matched predicted open reading frames (ORFs) in the genome, i.e. ORFs 2, 43, 115, 141, 142, 147 and 153. Among these ORFs, only ORF153, encoding the major capsid protein, has been characterized previously.  (+info)

An insect virus-encoded microRNA regulates viral replication. (8/16)

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Figure 2.Ascoviridae: Phylogenetic tree obtained with nine core proteins shared by the members of Ascoviridae, Iridoviridae and Marseilleviridae. The tree was calculated using Mafft or Muscle alignments curated with Gblock (parameters were: -t=p -e=-gb1 -b2=N -b3=40 -b4=2 -b5=a -v=120), except for the RNase III orthologues, for which the complete sequence alignment was used. Alignments of the homologues of HvAV-3g ORF1 (DNA polymerase), 11 (DNA-directed RNA polymerase), 15 (DEAD-like helicase), 70 (DNA-directed RNA polymerase II), 74 (hypothetical protein), 81 (hypothetical protein), 85 (serine/threonine protein kinase), 122 (ATPase), 160 (hypothetical protein) were concatenated and trees based on maximum likelihood were calculated with PhyML. Parameters used were WAG (substitution matrix), 0 (proportion of invariable sites), 7 in a, and 5 in f (number of relative substitution rate categories), and F (substitution model). The protein substitution model, the proportion of invariable sites, the ...
Ascoviruses are ds DNA viruses that attack caterpillars and differ from all other viruses by inducing nuclear lysis followed by cleavage of host cells into numerous anucleate vesicles in which virus replication continues as these grow in the blood. Ascoviruses are also unusual in that most encode apoptosis inhibitors and caspase or caspase-like proteins. A robust cell line to study the novel molecular biology of ascovirus replication in vitro is lacking. Therefore, we used strand-specific RNA-Seq to study transcription in vivo in third instars of Spodoptera frugiperda infected with the Spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus, a member of the type species, Spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus (SfAV-1a), sampling transcripts at different time points after infection ...
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Krafft L.; Klingauf F., 1981: Differences in the development of heliothis virescens when given artificial diets with admixtures of secondary plant substances and amino acids
Schematic illustration of the organization of the Diadromus pulchellus ascovirus 4a (DpAV4a) genome.Predicted ORFs are indicated by their location, orientation,
This report explores how mobile services provided by Vodafone and the Vodafone Foundation are enabling women to seize new opportunities and improve their lives. Accenture Sustainability Services were commissioned to conduct research on the services and to assess their potential social and economic impact if they were widely available across Vodafones markets by 2020. It showcases the projects and the work of those involved and also poses the question -- what would the benefit to women and to society at large be if projects such as these were taken to scale and achieved an industrialscale of growth? This reflects the Foundations commitment not solely to the development of pilots but rather the Trustees ambition to see projects which lead to transformational change. In order to understand this more deeply, the Report looks at the benefits for women and society and providessome financial modelling for how the engagement of commercial players could achieve industrial, sustainable growth in these ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Cloning and characterization of a microsomal epoxide hydrolase from Heliothis virescens. AU - Kamita, Shizuo G.. AU - Yamamoto, Kohji. AU - Dadala, Mary M.. AU - Pha, Khavong. AU - Morisseau, Christophe. AU - Escaich, Aurélie. AU - Hammock, Bruce D.. PY - 2013/3. Y1 - 2013/3. N2 - Epoxide hydrolases (EHs) are α/β-hydrolase fold superfamily enzymes that convert epoxides to 1,2-trans diols. In insects EHs play critical roles in the metabolism of toxic compounds and allelochemicals found in the diet and for the regulation of endogenous juvenile hormones (JHs). In this study we obtained a full-length cDNA, hvmeh1, from the generalist feeder Heliothis virescens that encoded a highly active EH, Hv-mEH1. Of the 10 different EH substrates that were tested, Hv-mEH1 showed the highest specific activity (1180 nmol min-1 mg-1) for a 1,2-disubstituted epoxide-containing fluorescent substrate. This specific activity was more than 25- and 3900-fold higher than that for the general EH ...
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Im working on iridoviruses infecting erythrocytes of poikilotherms which are often misinterpreted as protozoan parasites. I would like to make contacts with anyone interested in these infections. E-mail address is zmtlopes at cc.fc.ul.pt my name is A.P. Alves de Matos ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Terminal steps in pheromone biosynthesis by Heliothis virescens and H. zea. AU - Teal, P. E.A.. AU - Tumlinson, III, James Homer. PY - 1986/2/1. Y1 - 1986/2/1. N2 - In vivo application to the sex pheromone gland of Heliothis Virescens and H. Zea of large quantities of alcohols normally present in small amounts resulted in the preferential conversion of the alcohols to the corresponding pheromonal aldehydes. Amounts of the minor component aldehydes were increased up to 15-fold by selectively applying large quantities of the alcohol precursors. Using this technique, we have induced H. virescens to convert bombykol, the sex pheromone of the silkworm, to the corresponding aldehyde, bombykal, and have induced female H. zea to produce the same sex pheromone components used by H. virescens by applying tetradecanol and (Z)-9-tetradecenol to the surface of the gland. Further, treated H. zea females were attractive to H. virescens males and caused males to attempt interspecific ...
Heliothis is a genus of moths, whose larvae are agricultural pests on crop species such as tobacco, cotton, soybean and pigeon pea. Several species of moths of agricultural importance that used to be placed in this genus now are classified as members of the genus Helicoverpa, such as the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea. Eyes naked and without lashes. Proboscis fully developed. Palpi porrect and second joint evenly clothes with long hair. The third joint is short and depressed and a short frontal shift. Thorax and abdomen without tufts. Fore tibia has a pair of slender terminal spines, whereas mid and hind tibia also spined. Fore wings with veins 8 and 9 sometimes given off from the end of the areole. Subgenus Heliothis: Heliothis acesias Felder & Rogenhofer, 1872 Heliothis australis Hardwick, 1994 Heliothis belladonna (H. Edwards, 1881) Heliothis borealis (Hampson, 1903) Heliothis conifera (Hampson, 1913) Heliothis cystiphora (Wallengren, 1860) Heliothis flavescens (Janse, 1917) Heliothis ...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ascoviridae. ICTV Online (10th) Report: Ascoviridae/ Viralzone: Ascoviridae/ Ascoviridae ... Ascoviridae is a family of double strand DNA viruses that infect primarily invertebrates, mainly noctuids and spodoptera ... "Ascoviridae". ICTV Online (10th) Report. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 12 June 2015. "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". ... Asgari S, Bideshi DK, Bigot Y, Federici BA, Cheng XW (January 2017). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Ascoviridae". The Journal of ...
"Ascoviridae-Ascoviridae-dsDNA Viruses-International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)". International Committee on ... Ascoviridae can have up to 180 genes in its genome. The replication of this virus takes place in the nucleus of the host cell. ... Members of the family Ascoviridae come in different shapes. Some can be rod-shaped, while others are oval. They measure up to ... Pithovirus, Iridoviridae-Ascoviridae and Marseillevirus form a PIM or MAPI clade (Pimascovirales) in trees built from conserved ...
The following families are recognized: Ascoviridae Iridoviridae Marseilleviridae "Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release". talk. ...
Although most members of this group have icosahedral capsid geometry, a few families such as the Poxviridae and Ascoviridae ...
Alvernaviridae Amalgaviridae Amnoonviridae Ampullaviridae Anelloviridae Arenaviridae Arteriviridae Artoviridae Ascoviridae ...
Ascoviridae - Preferred Concept UI. M0384134. Scope note. A family of insect viruses causing disease in lepidopterous larvae, ...
Ascoviridae Active Synonym false false 2648200014 Family Ascoviridae Active Synonym false false ...
Ascoviridae/classificação , Animais , Ascoviridae/genética , Ascoviridae/fisiologia , Ascoviridae/ultraestrutura , Insetos/ ... Ascoviridae , Animais , Ascoviridae/genética , Ascoviridae/metabolismo , Citoesqueleto , Vírus de DNA/genética , Larva , ... Ascoviridae/classificação , Ascoviridae/genética , Ascoviridae/fisiologia , Composição de Bases , Feminino , Japão , Larva/ ... Ascoviridae , Animais , Ascoviridae/genética , Replicação do DNA , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Replicação Viral/fisiologia , DNA ...
Ascoviridae · Baculoviridae · Corticoviridae · Fuselloviridae · Guttaviridae · Lipothrixviridae · Nimaviridae · Plasmaviridae · ...
Diedel-related sequences were exclusively identified in a few insect DNA viruses of the Baculoviridae and Ascoviridae families ... Diedel-related sequences were exclusively identified in a few insect DNA viruses of the Baculoviridae and Ascoviridae families ...
Ascoviridae, Asfarviridae, Baculoviridae, Herpesviridae, Iridoviridae, Poxviridae, Pandraviruses, and Pithovirus.Initially, we ...
The results indicated the presence of a number of dsDNA viruses (Adenoviridae, Ascoviridae, Asfarviridae, Baculoviridae, ...
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This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Phycodnaviridae" by people in UAMS Profiles by year, and whether "Phycodnaviridae" was a major or minor topic of these publications ...
Ascoviridae [B04.280.045] * Asfarviridae [B04.280.049] * Baculoviridae [B04.280.065] * Caudovirales [B04.280.090] ...
Ascoviridae *. Ascovirus *. Toursvirus * Asfarviridae * Asfivirus *Iridoviridae *. Alphairidovirinae. * Lymphocystivirus * ...
Ascoviridae Study Group * Asfarviridae Study Group * Baculoviridae and Nudiviridae Study Group * Bidnaviridae Study Group ...
Harrach B.): ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Ascoviridae. Journal of General Virology, 98(1): 4-5. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000677. ...
Ascoviridae B04.280.049 Asfarviridae B04.280.049.035 African Swine Fever Virus B04.280.065 Baculoviridae B04.280.065.249 ... Ascoviridae B04.525.100 Baculoviridae B04.525.100.249 Granulovirus B04.525.100.500 Nucleopolyhedrovirus B04.525.150 ...
Comprehensive identification of protein orthologs in the family Ascoviridae facilitates an understanding of phylogenomics, ...
Ascoviridae Preferred Term Term UI T443086. Date04/16/2001. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (2002). ... Ascoviridae Preferred Concept UI. M0384134. Registry Number. txid43682. Related Numbers. txid1921707. txid43680. Scope Note. A ... Ascoviridae. Tree Number(s). B04.280.045. B04.525.045. Unique ID. D029223. RDF Unique Identifier. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/ ...
Ascoviridae Preferred Term Term UI T443086. Date04/16/2001. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (2002). ... Ascoviridae Preferred Concept UI. M0384134. Registry Number. txid43682. Related Numbers. txid1921707. txid43680. Scope Note. A ... Ascoviridae. Tree Number(s). B04.280.045. B04.525.045. Unique ID. D029223. RDF Unique Identifier. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/ ...
Jakubowska, A. K., Ince, I. A., Lynn, D., Herrero, S., Vlak, J. M. & van Oers, M. M., 2009, Abstract Book of the 12th European Meeting of the IOBC/WPRS Working Group on " Insect Pathogens and Insect Parasitic Nematodes, Pamplona, Spain, 22 - 25 June, 2009. Pamplona, p. 4-4 Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Abstract › Academic ...
... megachilidae bcas4 eggers bcas3 bcas2 bcas1 bannayan dc265 nepenthaceae trnase bcar3 hexadecadienoic bcar1 tnferade ascoviridae ...
Arterivirus: , Ascoviridae , Ascovirus: , Asfarviridae , Asfivirus: , Astroviridae , Atadenovirus: , Aureusvirus: , Aurivirus ...
Barouch DH, Tomaka FL, Wegmann F, Stieh DJ, Alter G, Robb ML, Michael NL, Peter L, Nkolola JP, Borducchi EN, Chandrashekar A, Jetton D, Stephenson KE, Li W, Korber B, Tomaras GD, Montefiori DC, Gray G, Frahm N, McElrath MJ, Baden L, Johnson J, Hutter J, Swann E, Karita E, Kibuuka H, Mpendo J, Garrett N, Mngadi K, Chinyenze K, Priddy F, Lazarus E, Laher F, Nitayapan S, Pitisuttithum P, Bart S, Campbell T, Feldman R, Lucksinger G, Borremans C, Callewaert K, Roten R, Sadoff J, Scheppler L, Weijtens M, Feddes-de Boer K, van Manen D, Vreugdenhil J, Zahn R, Lavreys L, Nijs S, Tolboom J, Hendriks J, Euler Z, Pau MG, Schuitemaker H. Evaluation of a mosaic HIV-1 vaccine in a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2a clinical trial (APPROACH) and in rhesus monkeys (NHP 13-19). Lancet. 2018 07 21; 392(10143):232-243 ...
Ascoviridae [15] Asfarviridae Astroviridae [17] Avsunviroid Baculoviridae [19] Barnaviridae Benyviridae [21] ...
Diedel-related sequences were exclusively identified in a few insect DNA viruses of the Baculoviridae and Ascoviridae families ... Diedel-related sequences were exclusively identified in a few insect DNA viruses of the Baculoviridae and Ascoviridae families ...
Diedel-related sequences were exclusively identified in a few insect DNA viruses of the Baculoviridae and Ascoviridae families ... Diedel-related sequences were exclusively identified in a few insect DNA viruses of the Baculoviridae and Ascoviridae families ...
Ascoviridae UI - D029223 MN - B4.280.45 MN - B4.525.45 MS - A family of insect viruses causing disease in lepidopterous larvae ...
The nucleotide or predicted amino acid sequences of the subfamily members form a distinct lineage within the family. Certain genes may be unique to members of the subfamily. These include BNRF-1, BTRF-1 and BRLF-1 of HHV-4 (the corresponding ORFs of saimiriine herpesvirus 2 are ORFs 3, 23 and 50, respectively). Many members of the subfamily infect lymphocytes in vitro, and "carrier" cultures can be established in which a minority of cells is productively infected. Latent infection in vivo occurs in lymphocytes or lymphoid tissue. Acute infection is frequently associated with lymphoproliferative disorders and many members of the subfamily are associated with malignancies of lymphoid and non-lymphoid origin.. ...
Cao S, Wendl MC, Wyczalkowski MA, Wylie K, Ye K, Jayasinghe R, Xie M, Wu S, Niu B, Grubb R, Johnson KJ, Gay H, Chen K, Rader JS, Dipersio JF, Chen F, Ding L. Divergent viral presentation among human tumors and adjacent normal tissues. Sci Rep. 2016 06 24; 6:28294 ...
Schlenker C, Menon S, Lawrence CM, Copié V. (1)H, (13)C, (15)N backbone and side chain NMR resonance assignments for E73 from Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus ragged hills, a hyperthermophilic crenarchaeal virus from Yellowstone National Park. Biomol NMR Assign. 2009 Dec; 3(2):219-22 ...
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Mimiviridae" by people in this website by year, and whether "Mimiviridae" was a major or minor topic of these publications ...
Ascoviridae Asepsis Asfarviridae Asia Asia, Central Asia, Northern Asia, Southeastern Asia, Western Asialoglycoprotein Receptor ...
  • Strikingly, apart from Drosophila and the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, Diedel-related sequences were exclusively identified in a few insect DNA viruses of the Baculoviridae and Ascoviridae families. (cnrs.fr)