Arthrobacter
Quinaldines
Soil Microbiology
Biodegradation, Environmental
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Micrococcaceae
Antarctic Regions
Brevibacterium
DNA, Ribosomal
Molecular Sequence Data
Involvement of two plasmids in the degradation of carbaryl by Arthrobacter sp. strain RC100. (1/501)
A bacterium capable of utilizing carbaryl (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate) as the sole carbon source was isolated from carbaryl-treated soil. This bacterium was characterized taxonomically as Arthrobacter and was designated strain RC100. RC100 hydrolyzes the N-methylcarbamate linkage to 1-naphthol, which was further metabolized via salicylate and gentisate. Strain RC100 harbored three plasmids (designated pRC1, pRC2, and pRC3). Mutants unable to degrade carbaryl arose at a high frequency after treating the culture with mitomycin C. All carbaryl-hydrolysis-deficient mutants (Cah-) lacked pRC1, and all 1-naphthol-utilization-deficient mutants (Nat-) lacked pRC2. The plasmid-free strain RC107 grew on gentisate as a carbon source. These two plasmids could be transferred to Cah- mutants or Nat- mutants by conjugation, resulting in the restoration of the Cah and Nah phenotypes. (+info)Conversion of (+/-)-synephrine into p-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde by Arthrobacter synephrinum. A novel enzymic reaction. (2/501)
A partically purified enzyme from Arthrobacter synephrinum was found to catalyse the conversion of (+/-)-synphrine into p-hydroxyphrenylacetaldehyde and methylamine. The enzyme is highly specific for synephrine and is distinctly different from monoamine oxidase. (+info)Action of chondroitinases. II. Numerical calculation of the degree of multiple attack. (3/501)
Further investigation was carried out on the action patterns of two chondroitinase-AC [EC 4.2.2.5.] preparations obtained from Arthrobacter aurescens and Flavobacterium heparinum. To infer the action patterns of the chondroitinases, we proposed a new method for the calculation of the degree of multiple attack, based on the concept established by Robyt and French ((1967) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 122, 8-16). It was shown that the degree of multiple attack (DM) is represented by the ratio of the initial velocity of number-average degree of scission to that of viscosity-average degree of scission. By this method, DM for A-Chase was estimated to be 3.03 and for F-chase, 1.31. (+info)Construction and characterization of two recombinant bacteria that grow on ortho- and para-substituted chlorobiphenyls. (4/501)
Cloning and expression of the aromatic ring dehalogenation genes in biphenyl-growing, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-cometabolizing Comamonas testosteroni VP44 resulted in recombinant pathways allowing growth on ortho- and para-chlorobiphenyls (CBs) as a sole carbon source. The recombinant variants were constructed by transformation of strain VP44 with plasmids carrying specific genes for dehalogenation of chlorobenzoates (CBAs). Plasmid pE43 carries the Pseudomonas aeruginosa 142 ohb genes coding for the terminal oxygenase (ISPOHB) of the ortho-halobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase, whereas plasmid pPC3 contains the Arthrobacter globiformis KZT1 fcb genes, which catalyze the hydrolytic para-dechlorination of 4-CBA. The parental strain, VP44, grew only on low concentrations of 2- and 4-CB by using the products from the fission of the nonchlorinated ring of the CBs (pentadiene) and accumulated stoichiometric amounts of the corresponding CBAs. The recombinant strains VP44(pPC3) and VP44(pE43) grew on, and completely dechlorinated high concentrations (up to 10 mM), of 4-CBA and 4-CB and 2-CBA and 2-CB, respectively. Cell protein yield corresponded to complete oxidation of both biphenyl rings, thus confirming mineralization of the CBs. Hence, the use of CBA dehalogenase genes appears to be an effective strategy for construction of organisms that will grow on at least some congeners important for remediation of PCBs. (+info)Arthrobacter rhombi sp. nov., isolated from Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides). (5/501)
Two strains of a hitherto undescribed Gram-positive coryneform bacterium isolated from Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the unknown strains constitute a new line within the genus Arthrobacter. The nearest relatives of the bacterium from fish were members of the Arthrobacter nicotianael Arthrobacter sulfureus group. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from these species by phenotypic methods. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Arthrobacter rhombi sp. nov. The type strain of Arthrobacter rhombi is CCUG 38813T. (+info)Bacterial 2,4-dioxygenases: new members of the alpha/beta hydrolase-fold superfamily of enzymes functionally related to serine hydrolases. (6/501)
1H-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinoline 2,4-dioxygenase (Qdo) from Pseudomonas putida 33/1 and 1H-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinaldine 2,4-dioxygenase (Hod) from Arthrobacter ilicis Ru61a catalyze an N-heterocyclic-ring cleavage reaction, generating N-formylanthranilate and N-acetylanthranilate, respectively, and carbon monoxide. Amino acid sequence comparisons between Qdo, Hod, and a number of proteins belonging to the alpha/beta hydrolase-fold superfamily of enzymes and analysis of the similarity between the predicted secondary structures of the 2,4-dioxygenases and the known secondary structure of haloalkane dehalogenase from Xanthobacter autotrophicus GJ10 strongly suggested that Qdo and Hod are structurally related to the alpha/beta hydrolase-fold enzymes. The residues S95 and H244 of Qdo were found to be arranged like the catalytic nucleophilic residue and the catalytic histidine, respectively, of the alpha/beta hydrolase-fold enzymes. Investigation of the potential functional significance of these and other residues of Qdo through site-directed mutagenesis supported the hypothesis that Qdo is structurally as well as functionally related to serine hydrolases, with S95 being a possible catalytic nucleophile and H244 being a possible catalytic base. A hypothetical reaction mechanism for Qdo-catalyzed 2,4-dioxygenolysis, involving formation of an ester bond between the catalytic serine residue and the carbonyl carbon of the substrate and subsequent dioxygenolysis of the covalently bound anionic intermediate, is discussed. (+info)Cloning and sequence analysis of the gene for glucodextranase from Arthrobacter globiformis T-3044 and expression in Escherichia coli cells. (7/501)
The gld gene for glucodextranase from Arthrobacter globiformis T-3044 was cloned by using a combination of gene walking and probe methods and expressed on the recombinant plasmid pGD8, which was constructed with pUC118, in Escherichia coli cells. The enzyme gene consisted of a unique open reading frame of 3,153 bp. The comparison of the DNA sequence data with the N-terminal and 6 internal amino acid sequences of the purified enzyme secreted from A. globiformis T-3044 suggested the enzyme was translated from mRNA as a secretory precursor with a signal peptide of 28 amino acids residues. The deduced amino acids sequence of the mature enzyme contained 1,023 residues, resulting in a polypeptide with a molecular mass of 107,475 daltons. The deduced sequence showed about 38% identity to that of the glucoamylase from Clostridium sp. G0005. The glucodextranase activity of transformant harboring pGD8 was about 40 mU/ml at 30 degrees C for a 16-h culture. Although the GDase that was produced from the transformant was shorter than authentic GDase by 2 amino acid residues at the N-terminal end side, its enzymatic properties were almost same as the authentic one. Two kinds of genes, dex1 and dex2, for endo-dextranases from A. globiformis T-3044 were also cloned into Escherichia coli cells. The N-terminal of the purified endo-dextranase from A. globiformis T-3044 agreed with the deduced amino acid sequence, after the 33rd alanine residue, of only the dex1 gene for edo-dextranase. This result suggests that the endo-dextranase is translated from mRNA as a secretory precursor with a signal peptide of 32 amino acids residues. The deduced sequence of endo-dextranase 1 and endo-dextranase 2 showed about 93% and 65% identity with that of known endo-dextranase from Arthrobacter sp. CB-8, respectively. (+info)Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a gene encoding a glycogen debranching enzyme in the trehalose operon from Arthrobacter sp. Q36. (8/501)
A gene located just upstream of the treYZ operon was isolated from Arthrobacter sp. strain Q36. The gene, designated treX, encoded an 823-amino acid protein. The amino acid sequence of the protein had 50% identity with the TreX protein (isoamylase) from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius ATCC 33909 which has a treZXY operon on the genome. We suggest that Arthrobacter treX is an isoamylase gene, and that it is a component of a treXYZ operon. (+info)Arthrobacter is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that are commonly found in soil, water, and the rhizosphere of plants. Some species of Arthrobacter are known to be pathogenic to humans and animals, causing infections such as pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. In the medical field, Arthrobacter is often isolated from clinical samples, particularly from patients with respiratory infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and urinary tract infections. Some species of Arthrobacter have also been identified as potential biocontrol agents against plant pathogens and as producers of bioactive compounds with antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. Overall, Arthrobacter is an important genus of bacteria that has both pathogenic and beneficial properties, and its study is important for understanding the ecology and evolution of bacteria in the environment and for developing new strategies for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.
Quinaldines are a class of organic compounds that contain a quinoline ring with an aldehyde group attached to it. They are used as antiparasitic agents and have been used in the treatment of various parasitic infections, including malaria, schistosomiasis, and leishmaniasis. Some examples of quinaldines include quinacrine, primaquine, and chloroquine. Quinaldines are also used as antimalarial prophylaxis, which is the prevention of malaria by taking medication before entering an area where the disease is prevalent. However, quinaldines have been associated with side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, and their use has been limited due to the development of drug resistance in some parasites.
Biodegradation, Environmental in the medical field refers to the process by which microorganisms break down and consume organic matter in the environment. This process is important in the management of medical waste, as it helps to reduce the amount of waste that is sent to landfills and reduces the risk of environmental contamination. Biodegradation can occur naturally, through the action of microorganisms in the environment, or it can be accelerated through the use of biodegradable materials or biodegradation agents. In the medical field, biodegradation is often used to dispose of medical waste, such as bandages, gauze, and other materials that are contaminated with bodily fluids or other potentially infectious materials.
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S is a type of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) that is found in bacteria and archaea. It is a small subunit of the ribosome, which is the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. The 16S rRNA is located in the 30S subunit of the ribosome and is essential for the binding and decoding of messenger RNA (mRNA) during translation. The sequence of the 16S rRNA is highly conserved among bacteria and archaea, making it a useful target for the identification and classification of these organisms. In the medical field, the 16S rRNA is often used in molecular biology techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing to study the diversity and evolution of bacterial and archaeal populations. It is also used in the development of diagnostic tests for bacterial infections and in the identification of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria.
In the medical field, the term "Antarctic Regions" typically refers to the geographic region surrounding the Earth's southernmost continent, Antarctica. This region includes the continent itself, as well as the surrounding Southern Ocean and the islands that lie within it. The Antarctic Regions are characterized by extreme cold temperatures, strong winds, and a harsh, icy environment. As a result, medical conditions that are common in other parts of the world may be more severe or difficult to treat in this region. For example, hypothermia, frostbite, and trench foot are all common in the Antarctic Regions due to the cold temperatures and exposure to the elements. In addition, the isolation and remote nature of many Antarctic research stations and outposts can present unique medical challenges. Medical personnel in these areas must be prepared to handle a wide range of medical emergencies, including those related to trauma, illness, and injury, as well as to provide routine medical care to the station's inhabitants.
Brevibacterium is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that are commonly found in soil, water, and the air. In the medical field, Brevibacterium species are known to cause a variety of infections in humans and animals, including skin infections, respiratory infections, and ear infections. Some species of Brevibacterium have also been associated with food spoilage and the production of certain antibiotics. Treatment for Brevibacterium infections typically involves the use of antibiotics, although the specific antibiotic used may depend on the species of Brevibacterium causing the infection.
DNA, ribosomal, refers to the specific type of DNA found within ribosomes, which are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is transcribed into ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which then forms the core of the ribosome. The rRNA molecules are essential for the assembly and function of the ribosome, and the rDNA sequences that code for these molecules are highly conserved across different species. Mutations in rDNA can lead to defects in ribosome function and can be associated with various medical conditions, including some forms of cancer and inherited disorders.
DNA, Bacterial refers to the genetic material of bacteria, which is a type of single-celled microorganism that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and the human body. Bacterial DNA is typically circular in shape and contains genes that encode for the proteins necessary for the bacteria to survive and reproduce. In the medical field, bacterial DNA is often studied as a means of identifying and diagnosing bacterial infections. Bacterial DNA can be extracted from samples such as blood, urine, or sputum and analyzed using techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or DNA sequencing. This information can be used to identify the specific type of bacteria causing an infection and to determine the most effective treatment. Bacterial DNA can also be used in research to study the evolution and diversity of bacteria, as well as their interactions with other organisms and the environment. Additionally, bacterial DNA can be modified or manipulated to create genetically engineered bacteria with specific properties, such as the ability to produce certain drugs or to degrade pollutants.
Arthrobacter
Arthrobacter livingstonensis
Arthrobacter pascens
Arthrobacter psychrochitiniphilus
Arthrobacter woluwensis
Arthrobacter luteolus
Arthrobacter parietis
Arthrobacter flavus
Arthrobacter globiformis
Arthrobacter luteus
Arthrobacter methylotrophus
Arthrobacter alkaliphilus
Arthrobacter ramosus
Arthrobacter pokkalii
Arthrobacter alpinus
Arthrobacter pityocampae
Arthrobacter monumenti
Arthrobacter agilis
Arthrobacter paludis
Arthrobacter rhombi
Arthrobacter humicola
Arthrobacter silviterrae
Arthrobacter cupressi
Arthrobacter liuii
Arthrobacter echini
Arthrobacter gandavensis
Arthrobacter gyeryongensis
Arthrobacter stackebrandtii
Arthrobacter russicus
Arthrobacter halodurans
Arthrobacter - Wikipedia
RCSB PDB - 1RW9: Crystal structure of the Arthrobacter aurescens chondroitin AC lyase
Status - Arthrobacter sp. UYCo732(v2)
Arthrobacter citreus - lovetofeel
Regulons of Arthrobacter sp. FB24
Water Research Institute - University of Barcelona
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KEGG ENZYME: 1.5.3.10
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Name Taxonomy in SILVA v123
CDD Conserved Protein Domain Family: ALDH SNDH
Globiformis2
- Arthrobacter globiformis, Aspergillus fumigatus) associated with wood dust. (aaem.pl)
- 5'-monophosphate deaminase from Streptomyces murinus, D-allulose 3-epimerase from Arthrobacter globiformis expressed in Escherichia coli , carbohydrate-derived fulvic acid, jagua (genipin-glycine) blue (Jagua blue), lipase from Mucor javanicus and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C expressed in Pseudomonas fluorescens ). (who.int)
Bioremediation1
- Arthrobacter citreus is used in bioremediation, as a soil amendment, and as an enzyme producer in the food industry. (lovetofeel.com)
Enzyme1
- The enzyme Alu obtained from Arthrobacter luteus is able to cleave Alu sequences which is frequently repeated in human DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Bacillus1
- It is known that the causative bacteria of the unpleasant odor that comes out from the outlet of the air conditioner are Bacillus, Serratia, and Arthrobacter. (daikinindia.com)
Microbacterium1
- Arthrobacter, like other bacterial genera including Brevibacterium, Microbacterium, and Corynebacterium are used for industrial production of L-glutamate. (wikipedia.org)
Species3
- Various Arthrobacter species have been investigated for other commercial applications. (wikipedia.org)
- Arthrobacter comprises the following species: A. agilis (Ali-Cohen 1889) Koch et al. (wikipedia.org)
- An E. coli strain that carries the cloned AsiSI gene from Arthrobacter species (S.K. Degtyarev). (neb.com)
Gene5
- The ahlD gene from Arthrobacter sp. (elsevierpure.com)
- 3732\2973\BAD66680.2\Arthrobacter ureafaciens\Arthrobacter ureafaciens sia-AU gene for sialidase, complete cds. (or.jp)
- 2112\2112\BAE47462.1\Arthrobacter ureafaciens\Arthrobacter ureafaciens aco gene for acyl-CoA oxidase, completecds. (or.jp)
- 1566\1566\AAF73829.1\Arthrobacter ureafaciens\Arthrobacter ureafaciens levan fructotransferase (lftA) gene,complete cds. (or.jp)
- 3664\2973\AAX22758.1\Arthrobacter ureafaciens\Arthrobacter ureafaciens sialidase precursor, gene, complete cds. (or.jp)
Soil2
- Arthrobacter (from the Greek, "jointed small stick") is a genus of bacteria that is commonly found in soil. (wikipedia.org)
- Arthrobacter citreus is found in great abundance in soil, streams, and lakes. (lovetofeel.com)
Rapidly1
- Arthrobacter can be grown on mineral salts pyridone broth, where colonies have a greenish metallic center on incubated at 20 °C (68 °F). Under the microscope, Arthrobacter appear as rods when rapidly dividing, and cocci when in stationary phase. (wikipedia.org)
Strain1
- Among four isolates, strain IBN110, identified as Arthrobacter sp. (elsevierpure.com)
Found3
- Arthrobacter citreus is a type of Gram-positive bacteria found in the environment. (lovetofeel.com)
- Where is Arthrobacter citreus found? (lovetofeel.com)
- Arthrobacter citreus is a rod-shaped bacteria found in the environment. (lovetofeel.com)
Crystallopoietes2
Genus1
- Arthrobacter (from the Greek, "jointed small stick") is a genus of bacteria that is commonly found in soil. (wikipedia.org)
Genomes1
- The highest ANI value observed between the assembled genome of T11b T and the publicly available Pseudarthrobacter and Arthrobacter type strain genomes were 81.15 and 80.99 %, respectively. (unab.cl)
ORGANISMS1
- Analysis of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of Deh-PY1 showed that the 31 residues were quite similar to those of known 1,3-DCP-dehalogenases of other organisms, Arthrobacter sp. (elsevierpure.com)
Cell1
- Arthrobacter have a distinctive method of cell division called "snapping division" or reversion in which the outer bacterial cell wall ruptures at a joint. (wikipedia.org)