Arthritis encephalitis virus caprine. Medical search

A species of LENTIVIRUS, subgenus ovine-caprine lentiviruses (LENTIVIRUSES, OVINE-CAPRINE), closely related to VISNA-MAEDI VIRUS and causing acute encephalomyelitis; chronic arthritis; PNEUMONIA; MASTITIS; and GLOMERULONEPHRITIS in goats. It is transmitted mainly in the colostrum and milk.

Virus diseases caused by the Lentivirus genus. They are multi-organ diseases characterized by long incubation periods and persistent infection.

Any of numerous agile, hollow-horned RUMINANTS of the genus Capra, in the family Bovidae, closely related to the SHEEP.

Diseases of the domestic or wild goat of the genus Capra.

A species of LENTIVIRUS, subgenus ovine-caprine lentiviruses (LENTIVIRUSES, OVINE-CAPRINE), that can cause chronic pneumonia (maedi), mastitis, arthritis, and encephalomyelitis (visna) in sheep. Maedi is a progressive pneumonia of sheep which is similar to but not the same as jaagsiekte (PULMONARY ADENOMATOSIS, OVINE). Visna is a demyelinating leukoencephalomyelitis of sheep which is similar to but not the same as SCRAPIE.

A species of FLAVIVIRUS, one of the Japanese encephalitis virus group (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, JAPANESE), which is the etiological agent of Japanese encephalitis found in Asia, southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent.

A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet 1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)

A species of ALPHAVIRUS that is the etiologic agent of encephalomyelitis in humans and equines. It is seen most commonly in parts of Central and South America.

A subgroup of the genus FLAVIVIRUS that causes encephalitis and hemorrhagic fevers and is found in eastern and western Europe and the former Soviet Union. It is transmitted by TICKS and there is an associated milk-borne transmission from viremic cattle, goats, and sheep.

A species of FLAVIVIRUS, one of the Japanese encephalitis virus group (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, JAPANESE), which is the etiologic agent of ST. LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS in the United States, the Caribbean, and Central and South America.

A collection of single-stranded RNA viruses scattered across the Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Togaviridae families whose common property is the ability to induce encephalitic conditions in infected hosts.

Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition.

A species of ALPHAVIRUS causing encephalomyelitis in Equidae and humans. The virus ranges along the Atlantic seaboard of the United States and Canada and as far south as the Caribbean, Mexico, and parts of Central and South America. Infections in horses show a mortality of up to 90 percent and in humans as high as 80 percent in epidemics.

A species of ALPHAVIRUS that is the etiologic agent of encephalomyelitis in humans and equines in the United States, southern Canada, and parts of South America.

Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.

A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.

A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS. It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)

A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central America and the northern latitudes of South America. The causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis, usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)

A species of FLAVIVIRUS, one of the Japanese encephalitis virus group (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, JAPANESE), found in Australia and New Guinea. It causes a fulminating viremia resembling Japanese encephalitis (ENCEPHALITIS, JAPANESE).

Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994 Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System, 10th ed, p321)

Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders. Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)

A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in this category are endemic to regions of South America and North America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-10)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with Japanese B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE).

A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE containing several subgroups and many species. Most are arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes or ticks. The type species is YELLOW FEVER VIRUS.

ARTHRITIS that is induced in experimental animals. Immunological methods and infectious agents can be used to develop experimental arthritis models. These methods include injections of stimulators of the immune response, such as an adjuvant (ADJUVANTS, IMMUNOLOGIC) or COLLAGEN.

A subgroup of the genus FLAVIVIRUS which comprises a number of viral species that are the etiologic agents of human encephalitis in many different geographical regions. These include Japanese encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE), St. Louis encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), Murray Valley encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, MURRAY VALLEY), and WEST NILE VIRUS.

A subgenus of LENTIVIRUS comprising viruses that produce multi-organ disease with long incubation periods in sheep and goats.

Chronic respiratory disease caused by the VISNA-MAEDI VIRUS. It was formerly believed to be identical with jaagsiekte (PULMONARY ADENOMATOSIS, OVINE) but is now recognized as a separate entity.

Games designed to provide information on hypotheses, policies, procedures, or strategies.

The study of natural phenomena by observation, measurement, and experimentation.

A broad category of enzymes that are involved in the process of GENETIC RECOMBINATION.

Laboratory techniques that involve the in-vitro synthesis of many copies of DNA or RNA from one original template.

A genus in the family Monascaceae, order EUROTIALES. One species, Monascus purpureus, has multiple uses in traditional Chinese medicine (MEDICINE, CHINESE TRADITIONAL).

Narrow pieces of material impregnated or covered with a substance used to produce a chemical reaction. The strips are used in detecting, measuring, producing, etc., other substances. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

A type of affinity chromatography where ANTIBODIES are used in the affinity capture reaction on the solid support, in the mobile phase, or both.

A technique using antibodies for identifying or quantifying a substance. Usually the substance being studied serves as antigen both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance.

Laboratory and other services provided to patients at the bedside. These include diagnostic and laboratory testing using automated information entry.

Goat milk epithelial cells are highly permissive to CAEV infection in vitro. (1/95)

The main route of small ruminant lentivirus dissemination is the ingestion of infected cells present in colostrum and milk from infected animals. However, whether only macrophages or other cell subtypes are involved in this transmission is unknown. We derived epithelial cell cultures, 100% cytokeratin positive, from milk of naturally infected and noninfected goats. One such culture, derived from a naturally infected goat, constitutively produced a high titer of virus in the absence of any cytopathic effect. The other cultures, negative for natural lentivirus infection, were tested for their susceptibility to infection with the CAEV-CO strain and a French field isolate CAEV-3112. We showed that milk epithelial cells are easily infected by either virus and produce viruses at titers as high as those obtained in permissive goat synovial membrane cells. The CAEV-CO strain replicated in milk epithelial cells in absence of any cytopathic effect, whereas the CAEV-3112 field isolate induced both cell fusion and cell lysis. Our results suggest that CAEV-infected milk epithelial cells of small ruminants may play an important role in virus transmission and pathogenesis. (+info)

Inducible nitric oxide synthase is expressed in joints of goats in the late stage of infection with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. (2/95)

We have studied the expression of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in joints of goats infected with the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). Nitric oxide generated by iNOS is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of various types of arthritis, especially rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in humans. Surprisingly, iNOS immunoreactivity was found only in joints of long-term infected goats with severe clinical arthritis, whereas-despite the presence of high numbers of inflammatory cells in the synovial tissue-no iNOS immunoreactivity was detected in mildly arthritic and in short-term experimentally infected goats. Most iNOS-positive cells expressed neither MHC class II nor CD68, which suggests that they were fibroblast-like synoviocytes. In situ hybridization studies showed that there was no correlation between iNOS immunoreactivity and detectable virus expression in the joint. In addition, infection of macrophages in vitro-the major host cells of CAEV in vivo-did not lead to increased iNOS mRNA expression. In response to stimulation, similar levels of iNOS expression were observed in infected and in uninfected macrophages. These findings suggest that the expression of iNOS is a feature of late-stage chronic arthritis and is not involved in the development of the inflammatory lesions. Both the lack of co-localization of iNOS protein and viral transcripts in the joint and the finding that CAEV does not stimulate the expression of iNOS in vitro further suggest that iNOS is not directly induced by the virus or the anti-viral immune response in the joint, that it may well, however, be involved in tissue remodelling or scar formation. (+info)

Conserved sequence motifs involving the tat reading frame of Brazilian caprine lentiviruses indicate affiliations to both caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and visna-maedi virus. (3/95)

The sequence variation in small ruminant lentiviruses from Brazilian herds of milking goats was sampled in a representative region of the pol gene and in a region including the entire tat open reading frame. Clones were amplified from cDNA derived from virus produced in vitro using primers targetting conserved sequences of the pol gene. Iterative sequencing of clones indicated that animals from two herds in the Minas Gerais area were infected by a caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV)-like virus and that individual animals carried variant virus populations. Sequences derived from an infected goat from a herd in Pernambuco showed no nucleic acid variation and were distant from the CAEV-type sequence but marginally closer to ovine visna-maedi virus (VMV) sequences. Sequences amplified from a region including the tat gene, amplified with a common upstream primer within the vif coding region and different downstream primers because of the local divergence between CAEV- and VMV-type sequences, confirmed the affiliation of the Minas Gerais sequences to CAEV and indicated that the Pernambuco isolate was indeed related to VMV, which had not previously been reported to cause natural caprine infection. The overlap between the vif and tat open reading frames clearly distinguished between CAEV-like small ruminant lentiviruses, which shared eight common nucleotides, and the VMV group, where the overlap was reduced to a single base; the final adenine of the vif terminator (TAA) is the initial adenine of the presumptive tat initiator codon. This may be useful for epizoological tracing of the origin of outbreaks. (+info)

A new sensitive serological assay for detection of lentivirus infections in small ruminants. (4/95)

Lentivirus infections in small ruminants represent an economic problem affecting several European countries with important sheep-breeding industries. Programs for control and eradication of these infections are being initiated and require reliable screening assays. This communication describes the construction and evaluation of a new serological screening enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to maedi-visna virus (MVV) in sheep and to caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) in goats. The solid phase is sensitized with a combination of the major core protein p25 of MVV produced in Escherichia coli and a peptide derived from the immunodominant region of the viral transmembrane protein gp46. The peptide carries an N-terminal biotin residue and is complexed with streptavidin prior to being coated. The new assay was evaluated with 2,336 sheep serum samples from different European countries with large differences in the levels of prevalence of MVV infections, and the results have been compared to those of the standard agar gel immunodiffusion test. Discrepant samples were analyzed by Western blotting with viral lysate, and most sera could be classified unambiguously. The estimated overall sensitivity of the new ELISA was 99.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 98.4 to 99. 8%) and the specificity was 99.3% (95% CI, 98.7 to 99.6%). A limited set of goat sera (n = 212) was also analyzed, with similar results. These data indicate that the new assay is a reliable tool that can be used in control and eradication programs for small ruminant lentivirus infections. (+info)

Isolation of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus from goats in Mexico. (5/95)

A lentivirus was isolated from 2 goats in Mexico that were seropositive to caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) by the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test. The lentivirus was identified as CAEV by the observation of giant multinucleated cells (syncytia) in goat synovial membrane (GSM) monolayers co-cultivated with blood mononuclear (BMN) cells from the seropositive goats, and by amplifying a DNA segment of the CAEV gag gene using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Subsequently, cell supernatants from the GSM cells co-cultivated with BMN cells were used to infect 2 CAEV-seronegative goats. These goats seroconverted to CAEV as determined by the AGID test, and CAEV was re-isolated from these goats. One of the goats developed polyarthritis 8 mo after inoculation. Previous serological surveys indicate that infection with CAEV is prevalent among goats in Mexico. To our knowledge this is the first report of CAEV isolation in Mexico. Because of globalization of markets and increased trading among nations, the rapid identification and reporting of diseases such as CAEV are important to prevent the dissemination of these diseases. (+info)

Lack of functional receptors is the only barrier that prevents caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus from infecting human cells. (6/95)

Barriers to replication of viruses in potential host cells may occur at several levels. Lack of suitable and functional receptors on the host cell surface, thereby precluding entry of the virus, is a frequent reason for noninfectivity, as long as no alternative way of entry (e.g., pinocytosis, antibody-dependent adsorption) can be exploited by the virus. Other barriers can intervene at later stages of the virus life cycle, with restrictions on transcription of the viral genome, incorrect translation and posttranslational processing of viral proteins, inefficient viral assembly, and release or efficient early induction of apoptosis in the infected cell. The data we present here demonstrate that replication of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) is restricted in a variety of human cell lines and primary tissue cultures. This barrier was efficiently overcome by transfection of a novel infectious complete-proviral CAEV construct into the same cells. The successful infection of human cells with a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) G-pseudotyped Env-defective CAEV confirmed that viral entry is the major obstacle to CAEV infection of human cells. The fully efficient productive infection obtained with the VSV-G-protein-pseudotyped infectious CAEV strengthened the evidence that lack of viral entry is the only practical barrier to CAEV replication in human cells. The virus thus produced retained its original host cell specificity and acquired no propensity to propagate further in human cultures. (+info)

B-cell epitopes of the envelope glycoprotein of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and antibody response in infected goats. (7/95)

Goats infected with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) develop high titres of antibodies to Env. Not only is no consistent neutralizing response found but anti-Env antibodies have even been associated with disease in infected goats. To identify the continuous antigenic determinants involved in this atypical anti-Env response, we mapped CAEV-CO Env by screening an epitope expression library with infected goat sera. In addition to the four previously described epitopes, seven novel antigenic sites were identified, of which five were located on the surface (SU) and two in the transmembrane (TM) subunits of Env. The SU antibody-binding domains located in the variable regions of the C-terminal part of the molecule (SU3 to SU5) showed the strongest reactivity and induced a rapid seroconversion in six experimentally infected goats. However, the response to these immunodominant epitopes did not appear to be associated with any neutralizing activity. The pattern of serum reactivity of naturally infected goats with these epitopes was restricted, suggesting a type-specific reaction. Interestingly, the reactivity of peptides representing SU5 sequences derived from CAEV field isolates varied with the geographical and/or breeding origin of the animals. This suggests that peptides corresponding to the immunodominant SU epitopes may well be useful in the serotyping of CAEV isolates. Furthermore, the identification of the CAEV Env epitopes will permit us to functionally dissect the antibody response and to address the role of anti-Env antibodies either in the protection from or in the pathogenesis of CAEV infection. (+info)

Characterization of chimeric enzymes between caprine arthritis--encephalitis virus, maedi--visna virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrases expressed in Escherichia coli. (8/95)

In order to investigate the functions of the three putative lentiviral integrase (IN) protein domains on viral DNA specificity and target site selection, enzymatically active chimeric enzymes were constructed using the three wild-type IN proteins of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV), maedi-visna virus (MVV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The chimeric enzymes were expressed in Escherichia coli, purified by affinity chromatography and analysed in vitro for IN-specific endonuclease and integration activities on various DNA substrates. Of the 21 purified chimeric IN proteins constructed, 20 showed distinct site-specific cleavage activity with at least one substrate and six were able to catalyse an efficient integration reaction. Analysis of the chimeric IN proteins revealed that the central domain together with the C terminus determines the activity and substrate specificity of the enzyme. The N terminus appears to have no considerable influence. Furthermore, an efficient integration activity of CAEV wild-type IN was successfully demonstrated after detailed characterization of the reaction conditions that support optimal enzyme activities of CAEV IN. Also, under the same in vitro assay conditions, MVV and HIV-1 IN proteins exhibited endonuclease and integration activities, an indispensable prerequisite of domain-swapping experiments. Thus, the following report presents a detailed characterization of the activities of CAEV IN in vitro as well as the analysis of functional chimeric lentiviral IN proteins. (+info)

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV; Pfam PF05851), Visna virus (MVV) and Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (Pfam PF07401). ... January 2016). "A Naturally Occurring Domestic Cat APOBEC3 Variant Confers Resistance to Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ... Vif has been found in other Lentiviruses, including the Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), ... The mamallian APOBEC3 enzymes are in an arms race with Vifs found in those viruses, actively evolving and diversifying to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_infectivity_factor

"Cross-reactivity between caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and type 1 human immunodeficiency virus". Arch. Med. Res. 34 (5 ... Chachoua vaccinates patients with Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus, which is known to cross-react immunologically with HIV ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Chachoua

She performed similar work with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV), a closely related virus of goats. With the ... This article helped to establish HIV as a lentivirus, not a leukemia virus as was originally thought. At the time, the origin ... Lentiviruses are a complex type of retroviruses, and include the human immunodeficiency viruses HIV-1 and HIV-2. Clements was ... Later, it was found that simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains from chimpanzee and monkey hosts were the likely ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janice_E._Clements

Adedeji, Adeyemi; Barr, Bradd; Gomez-Lucia, Esperanza; Murphy, Brian (2013). "A Polytropic Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus ... Viruses. 5 (8): 2005-2018. doi:10.3390/v5082005. PMC 3761239. PMID 23955501. Wilkie, I. W. (1980). "Leukomyelitis in the goat: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukomyelitis

April 2003). "Specific G2 arrest of caprine cells infected with a caprine arthritis encephalitis virus expressing vpr and vpx ... Vpx is a virion-associated protein encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 2 HIV-2 and most simian immunodeficiency virus ... Vicenzi E, Poli G (February 2013). "Novel factors interfering with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 replication in vivo and ... February 2012). "SAMHD1 restricts the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by depleting the intracellular pool of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vpx

Cache Valley virus infection caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma foot-and-mouth disease mastitis ... Diseases caused prions include: scrapie Diseases caused by viruses include: Akabane virus infection bluetongue disease border ... Wesselsbron virus infection Diseases caused by bacteria include: anaplasmosis blackleg braxy brucellosis caseous lymphadenitis ... Rift Valley fever Schmallenberg virus infection ulcerative dermatosis variola caprina (goatpox) variola ovina (sheeppox) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_infectious_sheep_and_goat_diseases

Visna virus is closely related to the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus but has limited nucleotide sequence similarity with ... "Maedi-Visna Virus and Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus Genomes Encode a Vpr-Like but No Tat Protein". J. Virol. 77 (17): ... "Is caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) transmitted vertically to early embryo development stages (morulae or blastocyst ... "Goat endothelial cells may be infected in vitro by transmigration of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus infected leukocytes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visna-maedi_virus

2010). "Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus". Fenner's Veterinary Virology (5th ed.). Academic Press. pp. 294-295. ISBN ... Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) is a viral disease of goats caused by a lentivirus called caprine arthritis encephalitis ... Matthews, JG (2016). "Caprine arthritis encephalitis". Diseases of the goat (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 98-102. ISBN ... 2011). "Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) and Maedi Visna (MV)". Goat medicine (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caprine_arthritis_encephalitis

"Cross-reactivity between caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and type 1 human immunodeficiency virus". Arch. Med. Res. 34 (5 ... Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a retrovirus which infects goats and cross-reacts immunologically with HIV, due ... "APHIS info sheet: Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus" (PDF). United States Department of Agriculture • Animal and Plant ... causing a disease known as caprine arthritis encephalitis. Common symptoms resulting from CAEV infection include arthritis, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caprine_arthritis_encephalitis_virus

Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV). *Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. *Visna virus. Spumavirus. *Simian foamy virus ... Such viruses are either single stranded RNA (e.g. HIV) or double stranded DNA (e.g. Hepatitis B virus) viruses. ... Genus Betaretrovirus; type species: Mouse mammary tumour virus. *Genus Gammaretrovirus; type species: Murine leukemia virus; ... "Virus Taxonomy: 2018b Release" (html). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2019. Retrieved 16 March ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SsRNA-RT_virus

Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). *Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV). *Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus ... Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus: Classification[citation needed] Xenotropic viruses (xenos Gr. foreign; tropos ... Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) is a retrovirus which was first described in 2006 as an apparently novel ... "XMRV (Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-related Virus) , CDC". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2018-04-17.. .mw-parser-output cite. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenotropic_murine_leukemia_virus-related_virus

Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV). *Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. *Visna virus. Spumavirus. *Simian foamy virus ... dsDNA-RT viruses are the seventh group in the Baltimore virus classification. They are not considered DNA viruses (class I of ... Khan, Jawaid A.; Dijkstra, Jeanne (2002). Plant viruses as molecular pathogens. Psychology Press. pp. 317-. ISBN 978-1-56022- ... Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DsDNA-RT_virus&oldid=748922731" ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DsDNA-RT_virus

Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. *Equine infectious anemia virus. *Feline immunodeficiency virus. *Jembrana disease virus ... "AIDS virus" redirects here. For the computer virus, see AIDS (computer virus). ... Montagnier's group named their isolated virus lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV).[132] As these two viruses turned out to ... Viruses, F. Animal Virus Life Cycles , 3. The Life Cycle of HIV". Doc Kaiser's Microbiology Home Page. Community College of ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV

Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. Visna/maedi virus. Primate lentivirus group. Human immunodeficiency virus 1. Human ... Bovine immunodeficiency virus. Jembrana disease virus. Equine lentivirus group. Equine infectious anemia virus. Feline ... Simian immunodeficiency virus. Gray mouse lemur prosimian immunodeficiency virus (pSIVgml). Lentivirus (lente-, Latin for "slow ... Visna virus. Notes[edit]. *^ a b "What is Lentivirus?". News-Medical.net. Retrieved 2015-11-30.. .mw-parser-output cite. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lentivirus

Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV). *Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. *Visna virus. Spumavirus. *Simian foamy virus ... Genus Betaretrovirus; type species: Mouse mammary tumour virus. *Genus Gammaretrovirus; type species: Murine leukemia virus; ... "Virus Taxonomy: 2018b Release" (html). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2019. Retrieved 16 March ... Group VII viruses[edit]. Both families in Group VII have DNA genomes contained within the invading virus particles. The DNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrovirus

Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. *Equine infectious anemia virus. *Feline immunodeficiency virus. *Jembrana disease virus ... এইচ.আই.ভি. (ইংরেজি: HIV; পূর্ণরূপ: Human Immunodeficiency Virus হিউম্যান ইমিউনো ডেফিশিয়েন্সি ভাইরাস) বা মানব প্রতিরক্ষা ... Reeves, J. D. and Doms, R. W (২০০২)। "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2"। J. Gen. Virol.। 83 (Pt 6): 1253-65। ডিওআই:10.1099/ ... International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses। "61. Retroviridae"। National Institutes of Health। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২০০৬-০২-২৮।. ...

https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/এইচআইভি

... ovine-caprine MeSH B04.820.650.589.600.070 - arthritis-encephalitis virus, caprine MeSH B04.820.650.589.600.900 - visna-maedi ... ovine-caprine MeSH B04.909.777.731.589.600.070 - arthritis-encephalitis virus, caprine MeSH B04.909.777.731.589.600.900 - visna ... encephalitis virus, st. louis MeSH B04.820.250.350.300.950 - west nile virus MeSH B04.820.250.350.350 - encephalitis viruses, ... encephalitis virus, st. louis MeSH B04.909.777.270.475.950 - west nile virus MeSH B04.909.777.270.511 - encephalitis viruses, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(B04)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caprine_arthritis_encephalitis_virus

... these viruses are known as small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV). Infection of goats and sheep with SRLV typically results in ... is a lentivirus that infects both goats and sheep and is closely related to maedi-visna virus that infects sheep; collectively ... discrete inflammatory diseases which include arthritis, mastitis, pneumonia or encephalomyelitis. SRLV-infected animals ... Viruses 2013, 5, 2005-2018. AMA Style. Adedeji AO, Barr B, Gomez-Lucia E, Murphy B. A Polytropic Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis ...

http://mdpi.com/1999-4915/5/8/2005/xml

CAAEV stands for Caprine Arthritis And Encephalitis Virus. CAAEV is defined as Caprine Arthritis And Encephalitis Virus very ... How is Caprine Arthritis And Encephalitis Virus abbreviated? ... Caprine arthritis and encephalitis virus - Clinical signs: Firm ... Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus infects goats and.... What is caprine arthritis encephalitis? Caprine arthritis ... Small ruminant lentiviruses (maedi-visna virus, caprine arthritis and encephalitis virus) In Belgium, it is possible to take ...

https://www.acronymattic.com/Caprine-Arthritis-And-Encephalitis-Virus-

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of infection with Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) on ... clinical arthritis; caprine arthritis encephalitis virus; estimated milk yield; lactation length; milk quality; goats ... The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of infection with Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) on ... INFLUENCE OF INFECTION WITH CAPRINE ARTHRITIS ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS ON MILK PRODUCTION OF FRENCH ALPINE GOATS HERDS FROM NORTHWEST ...

https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=259323

Achievements of an eradication program against caprine arthritis encephalitis virus in South Tyrol, Italy ... Achievements of an eradication program against caprine arthritis encephalitis virus in South Tyrol, Italy ... Achievements of an eradication program against caprine arthritis encephalitis virus in South Tyrol, Italy ...

https://veterinaryrecord.bmj.com/content/early/2017/11/06/vr.104503.share

Severity of arthritis is predicted by antibody response to gp135 in chronic infection with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus ... Priming with tat-Deleted Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) Proviral DNA or Live Virus Protects Goats from Challenge ... We previously reported that infection of goats with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) tat− proviral DNA or virus ... Priming with tat-Deleted Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) Proviral DNA or Live Virus Protects Goats from Challenge ...

https://jvi.asm.org/content/72/8/6796

Cloned probes of visna virus DNA were then used to localize regions of homology with the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus ... Genetic variation among lentiviruses: homology between visna virus and caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus is confined to the ... Genetic variation among lentiviruses: homology between visna virus and caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus is confined to the ... Genetic variation among lentiviruses: homology between visna virus and caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus is confined to the ...

https://jvi.asm.org/content/51/3/713?ijkey=9c7b92c478fefb580b3ccf17225959a8b4727bd4&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Antigenic cross reactions between the viruses have been demonstrated in gag and env encoded structural proteins. Antigens from ... and caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) are two retroviral infections distributed world wide. ... Characterization of the immunodominant cross-reacting epitope of visna maedi virus and caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus ... Maedi visna (MV) and caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) are two retroviral infections distributed world wide. Antigenic cross ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10475088/?dopt=Abstract

Seroprevalence and risk factors of exposure to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in southern Spain ... Seroprevalence and risk factors of exposure to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in southern Spain ... descriptive study was to determine the exposure and risk factors associated with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) in ...

http://veterinaryrecord.bmj.com/content/180/9/226

Severity of arthritis is predicted by antibody response to gp135 in chronic infection with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus ... Detection of Serum Antibodies to Ovine Progressive Pneumonia Virus in Sheep by Using a Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus ... Detection of Serum Antibodies to Ovine Progressive Pneumonia Virus in Sheep by Using a Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus ... Detection of Serum Antibodies to Ovine Progressive Pneumonia Virus in Sheep by Using a Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus ...

https://cvi.asm.org/content/10/5/862

"Development of TaqMan-based qPCR method for detection of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection, Archives of ... Development of TaqMan-based qPCR method for detection of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection. Li, Yi; Zhou, ... Development of TaqMan-based qPCR method for detection of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus... Li, Yi; Zhou, Fengjuan; Li, ... Serological survey of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in 83 goat herds of Yucatan, Mexico ...

https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer_journal/development-of-taqman-based-qpcr-method-for-detection-of-caprine-WO937SWX0p

... for the detection of antibodies against Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis virus (CAEV) and Maedi-Visna virus (MVV) in serum and ... About Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAEV)/Maedi-Visna (MVV). Maedi-visna virus (MVV) infection of sheep is characterised by ... This classification also includes caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV), which manifests itself in adult goats mainly in ... Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAEV)/Maedi-Visna (MVV). The IDEXX CAEV/MVV Total Ab Test is an enzyme linked immunosobent ...

https://www.idexx.co.uk/en-gb/livestock/livestock-tests/ruminant-tests/idexx-caevmvv-total-ab-test/

... demonstrated that the virus was localized in glandular and epithelial cells. This study clearly demonstrates that goat uterine ... Caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) was first described as a cause of chronic arthritis in American goats [1-3], and ... Efficient replication of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in goat granulosa cells. Virus Res. 2001, 79: 165-172. 10.1016/ ... Rowe JD, Van Hoosear K, East N, Derock EJ: The presence of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus proviral DNA in postpartum ...

https://veterinaryresearch.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1297-9716-43-5

Cohort study of natural transmission and two methods for control of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection in goats on ... Cohort study of natural transmission and two methods for control of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection in goats on ... Cohort study of natural transmission and two methods for control of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection in goats on ... Cohort study of natural transmission and two methods for control of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection in goats on ...

https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/cohort-study-of-natural-transmission-and-two-methods-for-control-

Enzootic ataxia and caprine arthritis/encephalitis virus infection in a New England goat herd. Primary tabs. *View(active tab) ... Enzootic ataxia and caprine arthritis/encephalitis virus infection in a New England goat herd ... Lofstedt, J., Jakowski, R., & Sharko, P. (1988). Enzootic ataxia and caprine arthritis/encephalitis virus infection in a New ... Concurrent infection with the caprine arthritis/encephalitis (CAE) virus contributed to the development of hind limb ataxia and ...

http://www.islandscholar.ca/islandora/object/ir:ir-batch6-2444

Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a lentivirus which infects goats and causes chronic progressive arthritis after ... N2 - Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a lentivirus which infects goats and causes chronic progressive arthritis ... AB - Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a lentivirus which infects goats and causes chronic progressive arthritis ... "Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a lentivirus which infects goats and causes chronic progressive arthritis after ...

https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/hyaluronidase-enhances-cell-fusion-and-synthesis-of-viral-dna-dur-4

The results indicate that antigenic cross-reactivity between the caprine and ovine virus isolates involves all of the major ... Antigenic cross-reactivity was assessed by immunoprecipitation of disrupted, radiolabelled virus with goat, sheep and rabbit ... Summary Antigenic relatedness between the virion-associated proteins of caprine arthritis-encephalitis, visna and progressive ... Antigenic Cross-reactivity between Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis, Visna and Progressive Pneumonia Viruses Involves All Virion- ...

https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-66-6-1233

1997) Antibody reactivity to the transmembrane protein of the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus correlates with severity of ... Serum and synovial antibody reactivities of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) infected goats were assessed by Western ... Antibody reactivity to the transmembrane protein of the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus correlates with severity of ... We observed that the antibody reactivity to the CAEV TM protein associated with severity of arthritis however epitope mimicry ...

http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/18545/

Non-neutralizing antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus enhance early stages of infection in macrophages, but do ... Non-neutralizing antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus enhance early stages of infection in macrophages, but do ... Non-neutralizing antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus enhance early stages of infection in macrophages, but do ... Non-neutralizing antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus enhance early stages of infection in macrophages, but do ...

https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/modulation-of-lentivirus-replication-by-antibodies-non-neutralizi-3

Caprine Arthritris Encephalitis Virus (CAEV). Diagnostic spectrum * CAEV (Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus) - Antibodies ... You are here LABOKLIN / Products / Infectious Diseases: Pathogenic Agents and Antibody Detection / Viruses / Caprine Arthritis ... It is a viral disease in goats which causes encephalitis, arthritis and/or mastitis, depending on the age of the animals ... The pathogen which causes CAE is a retrovirus and belongs to the genus Lentivirus, just like the maedi visna virus. ...

https://laboklin.com/es/products/infectious-diseases-pathogenic-agents-and-antibody-detection/viruses/caprine-arthritis-encephalitis-virus-caev/

About Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAEV)/Maedi-Visna (MVV). Maedi-visna virus (MVV) infection of sheep is characterised by ... This classification also includes caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV), which manifests itself in adult goats mainly in ... Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAEV)/Maedi-Visna (MVV). The IDEXX MVV/CAEV p28 Ab Screening Tests is based on the use of an ... slowly progressive arthritis, pneumonia, mastitis and encephalomyelitis. The causative agent of the disease is a virus ...

https://ca.idexx.com/en-ca/livestock/livestock-tests/ruminant-tests/idexx-mvvcaev-p28-ab-screening-test/

Enzootic bovine leukosis (Bovine leukemia virus). caprine/ovine. •. Caprine (contagious) arthritis/encephalitis) ...

https://apps.leg.wa.gov/wac/default.aspx?cite=16-70-020

Transmission of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus between sheep Transmission of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus between ... ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) transmission among sheep using 15 ...

https://search.bvsalud.org/gim/resource/en/biblio-1045006

Caprine Artritis Encephalitis Virus Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus Info Sheet (CAEV) Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) ...

https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/SA_Emerging_Issues/SA_By_Species/CT_Goatssheep

Virus Spring, 2007 Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) is a lentiviral infection of goats which may... ... Update On Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) Virus Spring, 2007. Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) is a lentiviral ... CAE Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis : Update CAE Virus WSU Discussion in Health & Wellness started by Sondra, Nov 1, 2007. ... 2. Adams, DS, et al: Transmission and control of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus. Am J Vet Res 44:1670-1675, 1983.. 3. ...

https://www.dairygoatinfo.com/threads/cae-caprine-arthritis-encephalitis-update-cae-virus-wsu.16592/

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE). *Caprine arthritic encephalitis virus in goats by Mike Metzger ... Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus by eXtension.org. * Coccidiosis. *Coccidiosis can kill young goats and sheep by Mike ...

https://www.canr.msu.edu/sheep_goats/health/

Caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus is a…. GMO trees: Saving the American Chestnut tree. ... I love viruses. And so should you. :-D Once again, a BIG THANK YOU to The Thinking Atheist for putting this together and ... AIDS is the syndrome caused by infection by HIV-1. HIV-1 is the virus, not AIDS :) Who would win in an HIV-1 vs rabies battle ... I recently got to chat with the guys of Skeptiles this weekend about viruses, vaccines/anti-vaxers, HIV, HepC, Creationists-- ...

https://scienceblogs.com/tag/science-outreach

Keywords: Maedi-Visna virus; caprine arthritis encephalitis virus; small ruminant lentiviruses; diagnosis; ELISA; agar gel ... immunodiffusion; qPCR; Belgium; control programme Maedi-Visna virus; caprine arthritis encephalitis virus; small ruminant ... Viruses, EISSN 1999-4915, Published by MDPI AG Disclaimer The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal Viruses ... Viruses 2018, 10, 696. AMA Style. Michiels R, Van Mael E, Quinet C, Adjadj NR, Cay AB, De Regge N. Comparative Analysis of ...

https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/10/12/696

Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) and maedi-visna virus (MVV) are two highly related small-ruminant lentiviruses ( ... Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) and maedi-visna virus (MVV) are two highly related small-ruminant lentiviruses ( ... Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) and ovine maedi-visna virus (MVV) are small-ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) that ... Villet S, Bouzar BA, Morin T, Verdier G, Legras C, Chebloune Y: Maedi-visna virus and caprine arthritis encephalitis virus ...

https://retrovirology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1742-4690-5-22

... for the field diagnosis of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection. en_US. ...

https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/446077?mode=full

Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a retrovirus which infects goats and cross-reacts immunologically with HIV, due to being from the same family of viruses. (wikipedia.org)
CAEV adversely affects the immune system of its host, causing a disease known as caprine arthritis encephalitis. (wikipedia.org)
Caprine arthritis encephalitis is a viral disease of goats that is caused by the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). (acronymattic.com)
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of infection with Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) on estimated milk yield per lactation and its composition. (srce.hr)
In addition, 24% of CAEV positive animals were expressing clinical symptoms of arthritis. (srce.hr)
We previously reported that infection of goats with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) tat − proviral DNA or virus results in persistent infection, since the animals seroconverted and direct virus isolation from cultures of blood-derived macrophages was positive. (asm.org)
In this study we wanted to determine whether goats injected with CAEV tat − proviral DNA or virus were protected against challenge with the pathogenic homologous virus and to investigate whether CAEV tat − was still pathogenic. (asm.org)
All animals injected with CAEV tat − became infected as indicated by seroconversion and virus isolation. (asm.org)
These results confirm the dispensable role of Tat in CAEV replication in vivo for the establishment of infection and pathogenesis and demonstrate in another lentivirus infection model the efficacy of live attenuated viruses to induce resistance to superinfection. (asm.org)
Like other lentiviral infections, caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection is characterized by viral persistence in the face of an immune response and the onset of slow and progressive degenerative diseases ( 20 ). (asm.org)
Synovitis, mastitis, pneumonia, and encephalitis characterize the course of disease in CAEV infection ( 29 ). (asm.org)
The CAEV infection model thus provides a system to analyze the pathogenesis of diseases associated with macrophage infection and to develop vaccine strategies against macrophage-tropic viruses. (asm.org)
Goats inoculated with CAEV vif − virus or proviral DNA were not protected against CAEV wild-type (wt) challenge, due to the reduced level of CAEV vif − replication ( 15 , 16 ). (asm.org)
The aim of the present transversal descriptive study was to determine the exposure and risk factors associated with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) in southern Spain. (bmj.com)
A competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for detection of antibodies to the surface envelope (SU) of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) was recently reported (L. M. Herrmann, W. P. Cheevers, T. C. McGuire, D. Scott Adams, M. M. Hutton, W. G. Gavin, and D. P. Knowles, Clin. (asm.org)
The present study evaluated the CAEV cELISA for detection of antibodies to ovine progressive pneumonia virus (OPPV) in sheep. (asm.org)
We recently reported a competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) which detects antibodies to the surface envelope (SU) of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) in goat sera ( 8 , 15 ). (asm.org)
The IDEXX CAEV/MVV Total Ab Test is an enzyme linked immunosobent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies against Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis virus (CAEV) and Maedi-Visna virus (MVV) in serum and plasma samples of goat and sheep. (idexx.co.uk)
Finally, laser confocal analysis of double p28/cytokeratin immunolabelled transverse sections of CAEV infected goat uterus, demonstrated that the virus was localized in glandular and epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In vitro, granulosa cells, oviduct epithelial cells [ 18 , 19 ] and caprine early embryonic cells [ 20 ] are susceptible to CAEV infection, and infection with this virus is productive. (biomedcentral.com)
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a lentivirus which infects goats and causes chronic progressive arthritis after a prolonged incubation period. (elsevier.com)
Serum and synovial antibody reactivities of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) infected goats were assessed by Western blotting against purified CAEV antigen and the greatest intensity of reactivity in the serum of arthritic goats was to the gp45 transmembrane protein (TM). (edu.au)
The hypothesis that the immune response to the envelope proteins of the CAEV contributes to the severity of arthritis in goats naturally infected with CAEV via epitope mimicry was tested. (edu.au)
We observed that the antibody reactivity to the CAEV TM protein associated with severity of arthritis however epitope mimicry by the envelope proteins of CAEV is unlikely to be involved. (edu.au)
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate caprine arthritis encephalitis virus ( CAEV ) transmission among sheep using 15 lambs that were distributed in 2 experimental groups. (bvsalud.org)
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) and maedi-visna virus (MVV) are two highly related small-ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) that infect goats and sheep. (biomedcentral.com)
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) and ovine maedi-visna virus (MVV) are small-ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) that cause slow and persistent inflammatory diseases primarily in the joints, lungs, central nervous system, and mammary glands of sheep and goats [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
That is the kicker, and there is no evidence that goat CAEV viruses can neutralize HIV, or mediate ADCC activity, or stop HIV in any capacity. (scienceblogs.com)
If the virus is being transmitted to humans via milk, and these humans are making their own antibodies that stop CAEV which cross-react with HIV, then that gets around the humanized antibody therapy thing, right? (scienceblogs.com)
Mornex, J. F. 1997-06-01 00:00:00 We have recently shown that French small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) from sheep are more similar to Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) than to visna maedi virus (VMV) in a conserved region of the pol gene. (deepdyve.com)
We found that they were nearly equally distant from both CAEV and VMV strains, suggesting a considerable divergence since the initial introduction of the virus. (deepdyve.com)
The laboratory's research themes relate to viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases of ruminants with a high economic impact, such as caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV), maedi-visna , paratuberculosis and cryptosporidiosis . (anses.fr)
It helps to enforce application of French regulations for caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV), maedi-visna (MV) in sheep and enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL). (anses.fr)
VMRD is pleased to announce an improvement to our Caprine ArthritisEncephalitis Virus (CAEV) cELISA assay. (linscottsdirectory.com)
As a Small Ruminant Lentivirus (SRLV) kit, it is now USDA-approved not only for detection of antibody to CAEV in goats, but also for detection of antibody to Ovine Progressive Pneumonia Virus (OPPV) in sheep. (linscottsdirectory.com)
Animal lentiviruses are bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV), caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), puma lentivirus (PLV), simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and visna/maedi virus (VMV). (news-medical.net)
Computed tomography was used to aid in the antemortem diagnosis of leukoencephalomyelitis in a goat infected by caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). (elsevier.com)
The virion-associated dUTPase activities of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) and visna virus were determined by using an assay which measure the actual ability of the dUTPase to prevent the dUTP misincorporations into cDNA during reverse transcription. (epfl.ch)
Since the signs of Johne's disease are similar to those for several other diseases-parasitism, dental disease, Caseous Lymphadenitis (CLA) and Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus (CAEV)-laboratory tests are needed to confirm a diagnosis. (adga.org)
Therefore, it can be inferred that embryos derived from naturally infected goats, even in encefallte presence of pro-virus and virus free in uterine lumen are apparently not permissive to CAEV encecalite due to the presence of intact zone pellucida and transcervical flushing can reduce the risk of virus transmission. (info-cascades.info)
A second study was to investigate the presence of CAEV in the reproductive tract of naturally infected goats and a third the risk was conducted to evaluate the virus transmission by embryo transfer. (info-cascades.info)

Infection of goats and sheep with SRLV typically results in discrete inflammatory diseases which include arthritis, mastitis, pneumonia or encephalomyelitis. (mdpi.com)
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus infects goats and. (acronymattic.com)
Visna virus of sheep and arthritis-encephalitis virus of goats are serologically related but genetically distinct retroviruses which cause slowly progressive diseases in their natural hosts. (asm.org)
Cohort study of natural transmission and two methods for control of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection in goats on a California dairy. (elsevier.com)
It is a viral disease in goats which causes encephalitis, arthritis and/or mastitis, depending on the age of the animals affected. (laboklin.com)
Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) is a lentiviral infection of goats which may lead to chronic disease of the joints and on rare occasions encephalitis in goat kids less than six months of age. (dairygoatinfo.com)
therefore, any body secretions which contain white blood cells are potential sources of virus to other goats in the herd. (dairygoatinfo.com)
Since not all goats that become infected with CAE virus progress to disease, it is important to test goats routinely for infection by means of a serology test which detects viral antibodies in the serum. (dairygoatinfo.com)
Caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus is a retrovirus that infects goats. (scienceblogs.com)
MAYBE it isnt the antibodies in goats milk that are stopping HIV, but the actual virus ! (scienceblogs.com)
Caprine Arthritic Encephalitis (CAE), discovered by researchers at Washington State University over 20 years ago, is a viral infection in goats which can cause encephalitis in kids and chronic joint disease in adults. (tennesseemeatgoats.com)
While CAE is restricted to goats (caprines), other ruminants have their own species' versions of retro-viruses. (tennesseemeatgoats.com)
Researchers at Washington State University found that 80% of the dairy goats which they tested carried the virus, while a smaller percentage displayed clinical (visible) symptoms of the disease. (tennesseemeatgoats.com)
A goat infected with CAE but who has not produced antibodies will test negative but still can shed the virus and infect other goats. (tennesseemeatgoats.com)
It focussed on lentiviruses, whose incubation period is very long and affects cows, cats, horses, sheep, goats and primates, and even humans with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). (europa.eu)
Within the retrovirus family, HIV is classified as a lentivirus, having genetic and morphologic similarities to animal lentiviruses such as those infecting cats (feline immunodeficiency virus), sheep (visna virus), goats (caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus), and non-human primates (simian immunodeficiency virus) (Stowring et al. (thebody.com)
Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) virus is a lentivirus causing CAE in goats. (umn.edu)
therefore, any body secretions which contain blood cells are potential sources of virus to other goats in the herd. (umn.edu)
Goats infected chronically with CAE virus can have wasting and enlarged joints. (wormboss.com.au)
As the CAE virus affects the white blood cells, the immunity of goats is severely compromised. (wormboss.com.au)
CAE causes multiple diseases in goats: arthritis, pneumonia, mastitis and weight loss in adults, and encephalitis (inflammation of the brain and brain stem) in kids. (purinamills.com)
All affected goats may be shedding the virus, and females will undoubtedly pass the disease to their offspring if bred, so serious consideration should be given to any decision to keep infected animals. (purinamills.com)
Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) is a virus that affects goats via infected colostrum, milk, or blood. (bellemeadanimalhospital.com)
Chachoua explained his "treatment" to Maher, saying that he uses the milk of arthritic goats as medicine for his HIV patients, claiming his cure comes from the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus contained within. (sheknows.com)
In more than half of these goats, no definitive diagnosis was made, while 8 were infected with Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus and 1 with Rabies virus. (oregonstate.edu)
The small ruminant lentiviruses are known to cause maedi-visna (MV) and caprine arthritis - encephalitis in sheep and goats, typically affecting joints, udder, lungs, and the central nervous system. (veterinaryworld.org)
Regarding the reproductive behavior in the transmission, the objective of the present study consists of experimentally evaluate the transmissibility of caprine lentivirus in goats and their offspring through the placenta and semen. (info-cascades.info)
We test our goats annually for The Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus (at The WSU Diagnostic Lab). (drakefamilyfarms.com)

collectively, these viruses are known as small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV). (mdpi.com)
Small ruminant lentiviruses (maedi-visna virus, caprine arthritis and encephalitis virus ) In Belgium, it is possible to take part in a volunteer control programme. (acronymattic.com)
Genetic variation among lentiviruses: homology between visna virus and caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus is confined to the 5' gag-pol region and a small portion of the env gene. (asm.org)
Lentiviruses have been intensively studied since the emergence of human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2) in the early 1980s. (pnas.org)
The discovery of RELIK extends the host range of lentiviruses to a fifth mammalian order and demonstrates that such viruses can also spread by vertical transmission and intragenomic proliferation, in addition to infectious horizontal transfer. (pnas.org)
By dating the invasion of the rabbit genome by the RELIK virus, we provide the first direct evidence that lentiviruses are ancient in origin. (pnas.org)
According to the recent classification of International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), Lentivirus genus belongs to the family Retroviridae and currently comprises of nine species: seven animal lentiviruses and two human lentiviruses. (news-medical.net)
Multiple epitopes were recognized in a region corresponding to the major homology region of the human immunodeficiency virus, a region with significant sequence similarity to other lentiviruses including simian immunodeficiency virus, puma lentivirus, feline immunodeficiency virus, Jembrana disease virus, visna virus, and caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Modified live vaccines are efficacious against numerous viral diseases, but concern over reversion to a virulent phenotype or recombination with endogenous or exogenous viruses have limited their use against lentiviruses ( 8 ). (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Maedi-visna virus (MVV) infection of sheep is characterised by slowly progressive arthritis, pneumonia, mastitis and encephalomyelitis. (idexx.co.uk)
Symptoms of infection may include lung disease and, more often, indurative mastitis as well as classical arthritis. (biomedcentral.com)

A positive result means the goat has been infected with the CAE virus and has made antibodies reactive with the CAE antigens used in this test. (dairygoatinfo.com)
We certainly could not absorb concentrations of antibodies necessary to stop the number of viruses circulating in humans during acute or substantially progressed HIV infection. (scienceblogs.com)
This strategy bets that two different species of retroviruses, viruses whos *specialty* is evading antibodies, cross-react beautifully to stop disease. (scienceblogs.com)
in other words, antibodies created by the CAE-positive goat are not effective in attacking the virus. (tennesseemeatgoats.com)
If the goat has produced antibodies, it has the virus, will test positive, and will shed it to other herd members. (tennesseemeatgoats.com)
A young goat not infected with CAE virus which has received heat-treated colostrum containing CAE antibodies may also test antibody positive for several months because of passive transfer of maternal antibodies from the colostrum. (umn.edu)
Uniquely, infants with DHF/DSS present an opportunity to obtain both the causative virus and the preinfection antibodies as research reagents in a hospital setting without recourse to a time-consuming and expensive prospective cohort study. (cdc.gov)
The Veterinary Medicine Research & Development (VMRD) CAE test, performed by BioTracking, is a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) which detects antibodies of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAE) in goat sera. (biotracking.com)

Caprine arthritis encephalitis, a disease caused by small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV), causes economic losses in goat breeding, and there is no therapy against SRLV. (mdpi.com)
The USDA Center for Veterinary Biologics recently approved a name change for the kit from, "Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus Antibody Test Kit, cELISA," to, "Small Ruminant Lentivirus Antibody Test Kit, cELISA. (linscottsdirectory.com)

This goat is regarded as potentially contagious for the virus, especially if lactating. (dairygoatinfo.com)
Contagious agalactia monitoring in caprine herds through regular bulk tank milk sampling. (nih.gov)

Ovine Progressive Pneumonia virus in sheep and Caprine Arthritis and Encephalitis virus . (acronymattic.com)
Ovine progressive pneumonia virus (OPPV) is the North American equivalent of maedi/visna virus, a monocyte/macrophage-tropic lentivirus which causes multiorgan inflammatory disease in sheep ( 14 ). (asm.org)
Antigenic relatedness between the virion-associated proteins of caprine arthritis-encephalitis, visna and progressive pneumonia viruses was examined. (microbiologyresearch.org)

The same blood sample can also be tested for other caprine diseases, like CL and Johne's Disease, for a few additional dollars. (tennesseemeatgoats.com)

Maedi visna (MV) and caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) are two retroviral infections distributed world wide. (nih.gov)
The pathogen which causes CAE is a retrovirus and belongs to the genus Lentivirus, just like the maedi visna virus. (laboklin.com)
In this paper, we will review the interaction of the lentiviral Vif proteins with the APOBEC3 proteins, with an emphasis on sheep APOBEC3 and maedi-visna virus (MVV) Vif. (mdpi.com)
The Niort Laboratory is the National Reference Laboratory for caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus, maedi-visna and enzootic bovine leukosis , and Reference Laboratory of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) for retroviruses in small ruminants and paratuberculosis in ruminants. (anses.fr)

To his credit, Dr. Dude did say that his magic approach to curing HIV was not like what scientists were doing-- genetically modifying viruses to cure cancers and genetic diseases . (scienceblogs.com)
Indeed as long as there are such diseases there will be suggestions that viruses are responsible. (springer.com)
1984) Characterisation of IM virus which is frequently isolated from cerebro-spinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and other chronic diseases of the central nervous system. (springer.com)
Caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) is now considered one of the most significant diseases affecting the goat industry in the United States. (purinamills.com)
Therefore, they are a suitable model to study aspects of host-pathogen interaction in listeric encephalitis and potentially in other neuroinfectious diseases. (labome.org)
Primates naturally infected with these viruses usually remain healthy without the development of AIDS-like diseases, but their transmission to humans gave rise to two genetically different viruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2), still closely related to their ancestral species. (news-medical.net)
Inactivated whole-virus preparations are useful against some diseases, but these vaccines generally do not generate a potent major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response necessary to clear lentiviral-infected cells and are not effective against lentivirus variants ( 15 , 29 ). (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Cloned probes of visna virus DNA were then used to localize regions of homology with the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus DNA. (asm.org)
Pfam PF05851), Visna virus (MVV) and Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (Pfam PF07401). (wikipedia.org)

Identification of relevant Th lymphocyte epitopes remains an important step in the development of an efficacious subunit peptide vaccine against equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), a naturally occurring lentivirus of horses. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

There was no cross-reaction with other animal viruses (e.g., goat pox virus, bovine leukemia virus, bovine mucosal disease virus, swine influenza virus and Nipah virus). (deepdyve.com)
Protection of cattle against bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection could be attained by DNA vaccination. (springer.com)

Common illnesses include Caprine Arthritis and Encephalitis Virus , Blackleg, Bottle Jaw, Coccidiosis and Foot and Mouth Disease. (acronymattic.com)

Gene gun-mediate DNA vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus. (springer.com)

As a result of this study, the new PhD holder designed a synthetic peptide (a type of molecule) that she used to develop a laboratory technique (known as ELISA, Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay) capable of detecting the animals affected by the encephalitis outbreak. (europa.eu)

Relatively recent dates for the emergence of the modern lentiviral subgroups have been suggested, but these estimates are based on extrapolations of genetic distances observed among contemporary viruses, which are likely to be unreliable for evolutionary comparison of distantly related sequences ( 12 - 15 ). (pnas.org)

The ISU VDL offers the cELISA test for Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) marketed by VMRD. (iastate.edu)

The antibody against CAE is not a protective antibody, and although strong antibody reactions may be detected in this test, infectious virus can still be spread in milk and blood of this goat. (dairygoatinfo.com)
In designing research results obtained in studies on a congruent animal model, feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) infections of kittens born to FIPV-immune queens should be considered. (cdc.gov)
However, such a phenomenon occurs naturally in infected kittens born to queens immune to feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) ( 9 - 11 ). (cdc.gov)
Feline Infectious Peritonitis virus is a mutant form of which virus? (sporcle.com)
Although the virus we describe is defective, reconstruction of an infectious progenitor could provide novel insights into lentivirus biology and host interactions. (pnas.org)
We see a few cases each year of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) or Infectious Leukoencephalomyelitis. (ozarksfn.com)
Using an SIV ART model, it was demonstrated that myeloid cells in blood and brain harbor latent SIV that can be reactivated and produce infectious virus in vitro, demonstrating that myeloid cells have the potential to be an additional latent reservoir of HIV that should be considered during HIV eradication strategies. (springer.com)

clear or cloudy joint fluid with many mononuclear cells suggests caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAE, see Caprine Arthritis and Encephalitis ). (merckvetmanual.com)
Bayesian approach inferences suggested that proviruses from broncoalveolar lavage cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells represented the common ancestors (infecting viruses) in the animal and that neuroinvasion in the outbreak involved microevolution after initial infection with an A-type strain. (biomedcentral.com)

Feline rhinotracheitis virus (herpes) is a differential for FELINE upper respiratory disease complex. (sporcle.com)

Similar results were obtained in the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) macaque model, in which an inverse correlation between the degree of virus attenuation and the induction of protection was demonstrated ( 26 , 42 ). (asm.org)
This approach was also shown to be effective against mucosal challenge after either systemic SIVmac32H C8 ( 6 ) or mucosal simian/human immunodeficiency virus 89.6 ( 28 ) immunization. (asm.org)
Such a doublet is also observed in cells infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), a virus closely related to HIV-2. (google.es)
Several lineages of closely related human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV, respectively) are found in primates, which can both result in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (news-medical.net)
Barber SA, Gama L, Dudaronek JM, Voelker T, Tarwater PM, Clements JE (2006a) Mechanism for the establishment of transcriptional HIV latency in the brain in a simian immunodeficiency virus-macaque model. (springer.com)
Barber SA, Gama L, Li M, Voelker T, Anderson JE, Zink MC, Tarwater PM, Carruth LM, Clements JE (2006b) Longitudinal analysis of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in the lungs: compartmentalized regulation of SIV. (springer.com)

swine inﬂuenza virus and Nipah virus). (deepdyve.com)

abstract = "A prospective observational cohort study of 361 dairy goat kids was conducted to compare 2 methods of controlling caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection under commercial dairy conditions. (elsevier.com)
Abstract: The caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) is a disease caused by Lentivirus genus, Orthoretrovirinae subfamily, and Retroviridae family belonging to the same human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) family. (embrapa.br)

This study aimed to analyze heterogeneity of SRLV Env regions - TM amino terminal and SU V4, C4 and V5 segments - in order to assess virus compartmentalization in CNS. (biomedcentral.com)
This study demonstrates virus compartmentalization in the CNS and other body tissues in sheep presenting the neurological form of SRLV infection. (biomedcentral.com)

We have had numerous inquiries about CAE virus, how to test for it, and most importantly, how to take steps to control the infection in goat herds. (dairygoatinfo.com)

Since no free virus has been detected with RT-PCR in the plasma or serum of naturally infected animals, PCR is used mainly for detecting the integrated proviral genome in peripheral blood leucocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
Both serum and plasma testing are proven means to detect on-farm presence of the virus. (biotracking.com)

Challenge virus was undetectable in the blood macrophages of protected animals during a period of 6 or 10 months postchallenge. (asm.org)
1983) Activation of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus expression during maturation of monocytes to macrophages. (springer.com)

She also isolated and genetically characterised a lineage involved in an outbreak of encephalitis located in the Castilla y León region and characterised by the presence of neurological symptoms in young animals. (europa.eu)

Caprine arthritis and encephalitis virus - Clinical signs: Firm udder and minimal milk flow in a goat after parturition. (acronymattic.com)
Influence of clinical form of arthritis on lactation was also investigated. (srce.hr)
Strong influence of serological status on all recorded traits has been confirmed.Presence of clinical arthritis has confirmed influence only on protein and fat content in milk. (srce.hr)
It is important to remember that 'goat infection status, not clinical disease, is the element of interest in assessing risk factors and designing control programs for CAE virus' (Rowe & East, 1997). (dairygoatinfo.com)
Animals may shed the virus with very minimal clinical signs. (iastate.edu)
Hence, goat infection status and not clinical disease, is important in assessing risk factors and designing control programs for CAE virus (Rowe & East, 1997). (umn.edu)
The development of immune responses capable of recognizing conserved epitopes expressed on virus and viral-infected cells is critical to the control of virus replication and therefore clinical disease. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

A composition for use in inactivating a proviral DNA integrated into the genome of a host cell latently infected with a retrovirus including isolated nucleic acid sequences comprising a CRISPR-associated endonuclease and a guide RNA, wherein the guide RNA is complementary to a target sequence in a human immunodeficiency virus. (freepatentsonline.com)
As a retrovirus, HIV is an RNA virus that codes for the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which transcribes the viral genomic RNA into a DNA copy that ultimately integrates into the host cell genome (Fauci, 1988). (thebody.com)
Viruses are small obligate intracellular parasites with either a RNA or DNA genome that are surrounded by a protective protein coat and transfer their genetic material to infected cells. (news-medical.net)

Further it suggests that only a few copies of viral DNA are required to achieve maximal levels of virus replication. (elsevier.com)
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) controls viral replication but does not successfully eliminate latent virus, which leads to viral rebound once ART is interrupted. (springer.com)
Abreu CM, Price SL, Shirk EN, Cunha RD, Pianowski LF, Clements JE, Tanuri A, Gama L (2014) Dual role of novel ingenol derivatives from Euphorbia tirucalli in HIV replication: inhibition of de novo infection and activation of viral LTR. (springer.com)
Tissues studied also showed positive results for the presence of pro-virus and viruses, indicating that may be occurring viral replication in the reproductive tract. (info-cascades.info)

Antibody reactivity to the GST-TM correlated with clinically detectable arthritis (R = 0.642, P ≤ 0.007). (edu.au)
The specimens infected develop an antibody response which, even if it is not capable of eliminating the virus, does point to infection," explained Glaria. (europa.eu)
Krueger, G.R.F., Koch, B. and Ablashi, D.V. (1987) Persistent fatigue and depression in patients with antibody to human B lymphotropic virus. (springer.com)
1987) Selective lack of antibody to a component of EB nuclear antigen in patients with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection. (springer.com)

The causative agent of the disease is a virus classified as lentivirus, a subgroup of retroviruses. (idexx.co.uk)
That is why Idoia Glaria studied an epidemiological arthritis outbreak in sheep, one of the first cases in Spain detected mainly in Aragon, and obtained the first description of the sequences of this disease. (europa.eu)
There can be few of us who have not at some time or another considered a virus to account for a disease of unknown origin. (springer.com)
1981) Immunohistological demonstration of respiratory syncytial virus antigens in Paget's disease of bone. (springer.com)
A virus causes this disease and there are two different forms. (ozarksfn.com)

Dengue virus [DENV]) have progressively spread geographically throughout the tropics, resulting in a global pandemic with tens of millions of infections annually, including several hundred thousand hospitalizations for dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)

however, false negatives may be seen during severe stress, and positive tests may be coincidental to another cause of lameness if seroprevalence of the CAE virus is high in the herd of origin. (merckvetmanual.com)

Since 2007, the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory has greatly expanded their milk quality assessment capabilities on both the bovine and more recently the caprine species. (iastate.edu)
This laboratory has been accredited by COFRAC in accordance with the NF EN ISO/CEI 17025 Standard under the number 1-2254 (Tests). (anses.fr)

Many horses, especially those with chronic lameness and arthritis and those on pain-relief medications such as phenylbutazone and other anti-inflammatories, develop ulcers in the glandular area of the stomach. (motherearthnews.com)

Organisms15

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs3

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science1

Health Care1

Goat milk epithelial cells are highly permissive to CAEV infection in vitro. (1/95)

Inducible nitric oxide synthase is expressed in joints of goats in the late stage of infection with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. (2/95)

Conserved sequence motifs involving the tat reading frame of Brazilian caprine lentiviruses indicate affiliations to both caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and visna-maedi virus. (3/95)

A new sensitive serological assay for detection of lentivirus infections in small ruminants. (4/95)

Isolation of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus from goats in Mexico. (5/95)

Lack of functional receptors is the only barrier that prevents caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus from infecting human cells. (6/95)

B-cell epitopes of the envelope glycoprotein of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and antibody response in infected goats. (7/95)

Characterization of chimeric enzymes between caprine arthritis--encephalitis virus, maedi--visna virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrases expressed in Escherichia coli. (8/95)

Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine

Lentivirus Infections

Goats

Goat Diseases

Visna-maedi virus

Encephalitis Virus, Japanese

Encephalitis, Japanese

Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine

Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne

Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis

Encephalitis Viruses

Encephalitis

Encephalitis Virus, Eastern Equine

Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine

Encephalitis, Viral

Arthritis, Rheumatoid

Encephalitis, St. Louis

Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine

Arthritis

Encephalitis Virus, Murray Valley

Encephalitis, Arbovirus

Encephalitis, Tick-Borne

Encephalomyelitis, Equine

Molecular Sequence Data

Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines

Flavivirus

Arthritis, Experimental

Encephalitis Viruses, Japanese

Lentiviruses, Ovine-Caprine

Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep

Games, Experimental

Science

Recombinases

Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques

Monascus

Reagent Strips

Immunochromatography

Immunoassay

Point-of-Care Systems

Goat milk epithelial cells are highly permissive to CAEV infection in vitro. (1/95)

Inducible nitric oxide synthase is expressed in joints of goats in the late stage of infection with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. (2/95)

Conserved sequence motifs involving the tat reading frame of Brazilian caprine lentiviruses indicate affiliations to both caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and visna-maedi virus. (3/95)

A new sensitive serological assay for detection of lentivirus infections in small ruminants. (4/95)

Isolation of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus from goats in Mexico. (5/95)

Lack of functional receptors is the only barrier that prevents caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus from infecting human cells. (6/95)

B-cell epitopes of the envelope glycoprotein of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and antibody response in infected goats. (7/95)

Characterization of chimeric enzymes between caprine arthritis--encephalitis virus, maedi--visna virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrases expressed in Escherichia coli. (8/95)

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