OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
ArterivirusArterivirus InfectionsArteritis Virus, EquinePorcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virusNidoviralesArteriviridaeLactate dehydrogenase-elevating virusPorcine Reproductive and Respiratory SyndromeRNA ReplicaseRNA, ViralOpen Reading FramesViral Nonstructural ProteinsVirus ReplicationGenome, ViralHorsesCricetinaeMolecular Sequence Data
Arterivirus
A genus of the family ARTERIVIRIDAE, in the order NIDOVIRALES. The type species is ARTERITIS VIRUS, EQUINE.
Arterivirus Infections
Infections caused by viruses of the genus ARTERIVIRUS.
Arteritis Virus, Equine
The type species of the genus ARTERIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of an important equine respiratory disease causing abortion, pneumonia, or other infections.
Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus
A species of ARTERIVIRUS causing reproductive and respiratory disease in pigs. The European strain is called Lelystad virus. Airborne transmission is common.
Nidovirales
An order comprising three families of eukaryotic viruses possessing linear, nonsegmented, positive sense RNA genomes. The families are CORONAVIRIDAE; ARTERIVIRIDAE; and RONIVIRIDAE.
Arteriviridae
A family of viruses, of the order NIDOVIRALES, containing spherical virions. In contrast to CORONAVIRIDAE, no protruding spikes are obvious on the surface.
Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus
A species ARTERIVIRUS, occurring in a number of transplantable mouse tumors. Infected mice have permanently elevated serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by outbreaks of late term abortions, high numbers of stillbirths and mummified or weak newborn piglets, and respiratory disease in young unweaned and weaned pigs. It is caused by PORCINE RESPIRATORY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYNDROME VIRUS. (Radostits et al., Veterinary Medicine, 8th ed, p1048)
RNA Replicase
An enzyme that catalyses RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time, and can initiate a chain de novo. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p293)
RNA, Viral
Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.
Open Reading Frames
A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).
Viral Nonstructural Proteins
Proteins encoded by a VIRAL GENOME that are produced in the organisms they infect, but not packaged into the VIRUS PARTICLES. Some of these proteins may play roles within the infected cell during VIRUS REPLICATION or act in regulation of virus replication or VIRUS ASSEMBLY.
Virus Replication
The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.
Genome, Viral
The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.
Horses
Large, hoofed mammals of the family EQUIDAE. Horses are active day and night with most of the day spent seeking and consuming food. Feeding peaks occur in the early morning and late afternoon, and there are several daily periods of rest.
Cricetinae
A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Genetic diversity of equine arteritis virus. (1/87)

Equine arteritis viruses (EAV) from Europe and America were compared by phylogenetic analysis of 43 isolates obtained over four decades. An additional 22 virus sequences were retrieved from GenBank. Fragments of the glycoprotein G(L) and the replicase genes were amplified by RT-PCR, prior to sequencing and construction of phylogenetic trees. The trees revealed many distinctive lineages, consistent with prolonged diversification within geographically separated host populations. Two large groups and five subgroups were distinguished. Group I consisted mainly of viruses from North America, whilst group II consisted mainly of European isolates. In most instances, where the geographic origin of the viruses appeared to be at variance with the phylogenetically predicted relationships, the horses from which the viruses were recovered had been transported between Europe and America or vice versa. Analysis of the replicase gene revealed similar phylogenetic relationships although not all of the groups were as clearly defined. Virus strains CH1 (Switzerland, 1964) and S1 (Sweden, 1989) represented separate 'outgroups' based on analysis of both genomic regions. The results of this study confirm the value of the G(L) gene of EAV for estimating virus genetic diversity and as a useful tool for tracing routes by which EAV is spread. In addition, computer-assisted predictions of antigenic sites on the G(L) protein revealed considerable variability among the isolates, especially with respect to regions associated with neutralization domains.  (+info)

Genetic divergence with emergence of novel phenotypic variants of equine arteritis virus during persistent infection of stallions. (2/87)

The persistently infected carrier stallion is the critical natural reservoir of equine arteritis virus (EAV), as venereal infection of mares frequently occurs after breeding to such stallions. Two Thoroughbred stallions that were infected during the 1984 outbreak of equine viral arteritis in central Kentucky subsequently became long-term EAV carriers. EAV genomes amplified from the semen of these two stallions were compared by sequence analysis of the six 3' open reading frames (ORFs 2 through 7), which encode the four known structural proteins and two uncharacterized glycoproteins. The major variants of the EAV population that sequentially arose within the reproductive tract of each carrier stallion varied by approximately 1% per year, and the heterogeneity of the viral quasispecies increased during the course of long-term persistent infection. The various ORFs of the dominant EAV variants evolved independently, and there was apparently strong selective pressure on the uncharacterized GP3 protein during persistent infection. Amino acid changes also occurred in the V1 variable region of the GL protein. This region has been previously identified as a crucial neutralization domain, and selective pressures exerted on the V1 region during persistent EAV infection led to the emergence of virus variants with distinct neutralization properties. Thus, evolution of the EAV quasispecies that occurs during persistent infection of the stallion clearly can influence viral phenotypic properties such as neutralization and perhaps virulence.  (+info)

Equine arteritis virus derived from an infectious cDNA clone is attenuated and genetically stable in infected stallions. (3/87)

Virus derived from an infectious cDNA clone of equine arteritis virus (EAV030H) was intranasally inoculated into two stallions, neither of which subsequently developed clinical manifestations of equine viral arteritis (EVA). Virus was isolated from nasal swabs and mononuclear cells collected from both stallions +info)

Genetic stability of equine arteritis virus during horizontal and vertical transmission in an outbreak of equine viral arteritis. (4/87)

An imported carrier stallion (A) from Europe was implicated in causing an extensive outbreak of equine viral arteritis (EVA) on a Warmblood breeding farm in Pennsylvania, USA. Strains of equine arteritis virus (EAV) present in the semen of two carrier stallions (A and G) on the farm were compared to those in tissues of foals born during the outbreak, as well as viruses present in the semen of two other stallions that became persistently infected carriers of EAV following infection during the outbreak. The 2822 bp segment encompassing ORFs 2-7 (nt 9807-12628; which encode the G(S), GP3, GP4, G(L), M and N proteins, respectively) was directly amplified by RT-PCR from semen samples and foal tissues. Nucleotide and phylogenetic analyses confirmed that virus present in the semen of stallion A initiated the outbreak. The genomes of viruses present in most foal tissues (10/11) and serum from an acutely infected mare collected during the outbreak were identical to that of virus present in the lung of the first foal that died of EVA. Virus in the placenta of one foal differed by one nucleotide (99.9% identity) from the predominant outbreak virus. The relative genetic stability of viruses that circulated during the outbreak contrasts markedly with the heterogeneous virus populations variously present in the semen of persistently infected stallions on the farm. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the carrier stallion can be a source of genetic diversity of EAV, and that outbreaks of EVA can be initiated by the horizontal aerosol transmission of specific viral variants that occur in the semen of particular carrier stallions.  (+info)

The open reading frame 3 of equine arteritis virus encodes an immunogenic glycosylated, integral membrane protein. (5/87)

Open reading frame 3 (ORF 3) of equine arteritis virus (EAV) is predicted to encode a glycosylated membrane protein (GP3) that is uncharacterized. ORF 3 of the American Type Culture Collection strain of EAV was in vitro transcribed and the encoded GP3 protein was in vitro translated with and without canine microsomal membranes. The GP3 protein was approximately 17 kDa after in vitro translation without canine microsomal membranes whereas the glycosylated form, after translation with microsomal membranes, was a diffuse band of 36-42 kDa, indicating that the GP3 protein is extensively glycosylated. Deglycosylation reduced the GP3 protein to approximately 17 kDa, the same size as that translated without microsomal membranes, indicating that the signal sequence was not cleaved. The EAV GP3 protein was membrane associated and not released as a soluble protein, in marked contrast to the ORF 3-encoded proteins of some other arteriviruses. The GP3 protein was protected from protease digestion in closed membrane vesicles, suggesting that the protein extends into the membrane vesicles and is anchored by the N-terminal signal sequence, a C-terminal hydrophobic domain, or both, but does not span the membrane three times. A GP3 protein lacking the C-terminal transmembrane domain remained membrane associated, indicating that this terminus is not a necessary membrane anchor. Sera from stallions persistently infected with EAV and horses immunized repeatedly with the modified live EAV vaccine contained antibodies specific for the GP3 protein. The data indicate that the GP3 protein is an extensively glycosylated membrane protein that is immunogenic during some EAV infections.  (+info)

Neuropathogenicity and sensitivity to antibody neutralization of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus are determined by polylactosaminoglycan chains on the primary envelope glycoprotein. (6/87)

Common strains of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV, an arterivirus), such as LDV-P and LDV-vx, are highly resistant to antibody neutralization and invariably establish a viremic, persistent, yet asymptomatic, infection in mice. Other LDV strains, LDV-C and LDV-v, have been identified that, in contrast, are highly susceptible to antibody neutralization and are incapable of a high viremic persistent infection, but at the same time have gained the ability to cause paralytic disease in immunosuppressed C58 and AKR mice. Our present results further indicate that these phenotypic differences represent linked properties that correlate with the number of N-glycosylation sites associated with the single neutralization epitope on the short ectodomain of the primary envelope glycoprotein, VP-3P. The VP-3P ectodomains of LDV-P/vx possess three N-glycosylation sites, whereas those of LDV-C/v lack the two N-terminal sites. We have now isolated four independent neutralization escape variants of neuropathogenic LDV-C and LDV-v on the basis of their ability to establish a high viremic persistent infection in mice. The VP-3P ectodomains of all four variants had specifically regained two N-glycosylation sites concomitant with decreased immunogenicity of the neutralization eptitope and decreased sensitivity to antibody neutralization as well as loss of neuropathogenicity.  (+info)

IFN-gamma-independent IgG2a production in mice infected with viruses and parasites. (7/87)

After infection with some viruses and intracellular parasites, antibody production is restricted to IgG2a. We first observed that, whereas live viruses such as lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) or mouse adenovirus induced mostly an IgG2a response, a large proportion of antibodies produced against killed viruses were IgG1. This IgG1 antiviral response was suppressed when live virions were added to inactivated viral particles. These results indicate that the IgG2a preponderance is related to the infectious process itself rather than to the type of antigen involved. Since IFN-gamma is known to stimulate IgG2a production by activated B lymphocytes and to be secreted after infection, we examined the role of this cytokine in the antibody isotypic distribution caused by LDV. Most IgG2a responses were relatively unaffected in mice deficient for the IFN-gamma receptor or treated with anti-IFN-gamma antibody. A similar IFN-gamma-independent IgG2a secretion was observed after infection with the parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Trypanosoma cruzi. However, the IFN-gamma-independent IgG2a production triggered by infection still required the presence of functional T(h) lymphocytes. Therefore, signal(s) other than IFN-gamma secretion may explain the T(h)-dependent isotypic bias in antibody secretion triggered by viruses and parasites.  (+info)

Effects of chlorine, iodine, and quaternary ammonium compound disinfectants on several exotic disease viruses. (8/87)

The effects of three representative disinfectants, chlorine (sodium hypochlorite), iodine (potassium tetraglicine triiodide), and quaternary ammonium compound (didecyldimethylammonium chloride), on several exotic disease viruses were examined. The viruses used were four enveloped viruses (vesicular stomatitis virus, African swine fever virus, equine viral arteritis virus, and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) and two non-enveloped viruses (swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) and African horse sickness virus (AHSV)). Chlorine was effective against all viruses except SVDV at concentrations of 0.03% to 0.0075%, and a dose response was observed. Iodine was very effective against all viruses at concentrations of 0.015% to 0.0075%, but a dose response was not observed. Quaternary ammonium compound was very effective in low concentration of 0.003% against four enveloped viruses and AHSV, but it was only effective against SVDV with 0.05% NaOH. Electron microscopic observation revealed the probable mechanism of each disinfectant. Chlorine caused complete degeneration of the viral particles and also destroyed the nucleic acid of the viruses. Iodine destroyed mainly the inner components including nucleic acid of the viruses. Quaternary ammonium compound induced detachment of the envelope of the enveloped viruses and formation of micelle in non-enveloped viruses. According to these results, chlorine and iodine disinfectants were quite effective against most of the viruses used at adequately high concentration. The effective concentration of quaternary ammonium compound was the lowest among the disinfectants examined.  (+info)

Herpesvirus Assembly and Egress | Journal of VirologyHerpesvirus Assembly and Egress | Journal of Virology
The subsequent steps in herpesvirus maturation have been disputed for some time. One model, originally proposed for HSV-1, suggested that perinuclear virions retain their integrity and leave the cell via the secretory pathway (10, 17, 38, 89). During this transit, viral envelope glycoproteins are modified in situ. In this model, perinuclear virions already contain the full complement of tegument and envelope proteins characteristic of mature extracellular virions. An alternative model proposed that the primary envelope fuses with the outer leaflet of the nuclear membrane (or the endoplasmic reticulum [ER] membrane with which it is contiguous), resulting in loss of the primary envelope and, presumably, the primary tegument and translocation of capsids into the cytoplasm (reviewed in references 25 and 51; Fig. 3, step 2). Final tegumentation and envelopment then occur in cytoplasmic compartments. In this model, perinuclear and intracytoplasmic/extracellular enveloped virions may differ in ...
https://jvi.asm.org/content/76/4/1537?ijkey=6367726d739dbc4652622fa4620cd35089c9de19&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Herpesvirus Assembly and Egress | Journal of VirologyHerpesvirus Assembly and Egress | Journal of Virology
The subsequent steps in herpesvirus maturation have been disputed for some time. One model, originally proposed for HSV-1, suggested that perinuclear virions retain their integrity and leave the cell via the secretory pathway (10, 17, 38, 89). During this transit, viral envelope glycoproteins are modified in situ. In this model, perinuclear virions already contain the full complement of tegument and envelope proteins characteristic of mature extracellular virions. An alternative model proposed that the primary envelope fuses with the outer leaflet of the nuclear membrane (or the endoplasmic reticulum [ER] membrane with which it is contiguous), resulting in loss of the primary envelope and, presumably, the primary tegument and translocation of capsids into the cytoplasm (reviewed in references 25 and 51; Fig. 3, step 2). Final tegumentation and envelopment then occur in cytoplasmic compartments. In this model, perinuclear and intracytoplasmic/extracellular enveloped virions may differ in ...
https://jvi.asm.org/content/76/4/1537?ijkey=a3d17a54caf95a09f343f35bd98ceaa872d00207&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Amino acid substitutions in the structural or nonstructural proteins of a vaccine strain of equine arteritis virus are...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Amino acid substitutions in the structural or nonstructural proteins of a vaccine strain of equine arteritis virus are associated with its attenuation. AU - Zhang, Jianqiang. AU - Go, Yun Young. AU - Maclachlan, Nigel J. AU - Meade, Barry J.. AU - Timoney, Peter J.. AU - Balasuriya, Udeni B R. PY - 2008/9/1. Y1 - 2008/9/1. N2 - Comparative sequence analysis of a series of strains of equine arteritis virus (EAV) of defined virulence for horses, ranging from the horse-adapted virulent Bucyrus (VB) strain to a fully attenuated vaccine strain derived from it, identified 13 amino acid substitutions associated with attenuation. These include 4 substitutions in the replicase proteins and 9 in the structural proteins. Using reverse genetic techniques, these amino acid substitutions were introduced into a virulent infectious cDNA clone pEAVrVBS derived from the VB strain of EAV. Inoculation of horses with the recombinant viruses clearly demonstrated that changes in either the replicase ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/amino-acid-substitutions-in-the-structural-or-nonstructural-prote
Detection of equine arteritis virus by real-time TaqMan® reverse transcription-PCR assay<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Detection of equine arteritis virus by real-time TaqMan® reverse transcription-PCR assay. AU - Balasuriya, Udeni B R. AU - Leutenegger, Christian M.. AU - Topol, J. B.. AU - McCollum, William H.. AU - Timoney, Peter J.. AU - Maclachlan, Nigel J. PY - 2002. Y1 - 2002. N2 - A one-tube real-time TaqMan® reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed for the detection of equine arteritis virus (EAV). The test was validated using the seminal plasma and nasal secretions of infected horses that were proven to contain EAV by traditional virus isolation in rabbit kidney thirteen (RK-13) cells, as well as a variety of cell culture-propagated European and North American strains of EAV. The primers and a fluorogenic TaqMan® probe were designed to amplify and detect a highly conserved region of open reading frame 7 (ORF7) of EAV. The real-time TaqMan® PCR assay detected EAV RNA in all samples that were confirmed to contain infectious EAV by virus isolation. ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/detection-of-equine-arteritis-virus-by-real-time-taqman-reverse-t
Serological surveillance of equine viral arteritis in the United Kingdom since the outbreak in 1993 | Veterinary Record
Serological analysis of blood samples submitted to the Animal Health Trust showed that during 1995, 185 of 9203 unvacdnated horses (2.0 per cent) tested positive for antibodies to equine arteritis virus (EAV), and that during 1996,46 of 8851 unvaccinated horses (0.52 per cent) tested positive. During both years thoroughbreds were the predominant breed tested and only a small proportion of these (<0.3 per cent), consisting predominantly of imported mares, were seropositive. In contrast, among standardbred horses, from which samples were actively solicited in 1995,84 of 454 (18.5 per cent) were seropositive. Among standardbreds there was a difference in prevalence between types of horses, with 3.7 per cent of racing horses, 25 per cent of non-radng horses and 41 per cent of stallions testing seropositive. Investigations of seropositive stallions identified during 1994 and 1995 demonstrated that clinically inapparent equine viral arteritis (EvA) had occurred previously in the uKC Of 50 ...
http://veterinaryrecord.bmj.com/content/145/18/511
UK researcher awarded $2.9 million for equine viral arteritis research | UK College of Agriculture NewsUK researcher awarded $2.9 million for equine viral arteritis research | UK College of Agriculture News
Udeni Balasuriya, a professor at the University of Kentucky Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, recently received $2.9 million to identify the genetic factors responsible for establishment of the equine arteritis virus (EAV) carrier state in stallions. The five-year grant was awarded by the U. S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture and Food Research Initiative.. According to Nancy Cox, associate dean for research in UKs College of Agriculture and administrative leader for UKs Ag Equine Programs, Balasuriyas grant was ranked the highest in its category, unusual for a USDA grant program that normally targets food animals.. This is one of the largest grants awarded in the College of Agriculture in the last year, she said, and is a special kind that includes funds for getting results out to the public in the fastest, most efficient way.. Outbreaks of equine viral arteritis (EVA) result in significant economic losses to the equine industry due to high rates of foal loss in pregnant mares, ...
http://news.ca.uky.edu/article/uk-researcher-awarded-29-million-equine-viral-arteritis-research
Equine Arteritis Virus Uses Equine CXCL16 as an Entry Receptor by Sanjay Sarkar, Lakshman Chelvarajan et al.Equine Arteritis Virus Uses Equine CXCL16 as an Entry Receptor by Sanjay Sarkar, Lakshman Chelvarajan et al.
Previous studies in our laboratory have identified equine CXCL16 (EqCXCL16) to be a candidate molecule and possible cell entry receptor for equine arteritis virus (EAV). In horses, the CXCL16 gene is located on equine chromosome 11 (ECA11) and encodes a glycosylated, type I transmembrane protein with 247 amino acids. Stable transfection of HEK-293T cells with plasmid DNA carrying EqCXCL16 (HEK-EqCXCL16 cells) increased the proportion of the cell population permissive to EAV infection from | 3% to almost 100%. The increase in permissiveness was blocked either by transfection of HEK-EqCXCL16 cells with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against EqCXCL16 or by pretreatment with guinea pig polyclonal antibody against EqCXCL16 protein (Gp anti-EqCXCL16 pAb). Furthermore, using a virus overlay protein-binding assay (VOPBA) in combination with far-Western blotting, gradient-purified EAV particles were shown to bind directly to the EqCXCL16 protein in vitro. The binding of biotinylated virulent EAV strain
https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gluck_facpub/34/
Comparison of M and N gene sequences distinguishes variation amongst equine arteritis virus isolates | Microbiology SocietyComparison of M and N gene sequences distinguishes variation amongst equine arteritis virus isolates | Microbiology Society
cDNA copies of the M and N genes of equine arteritis virus (EAV) isolates were synthesized by reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction amplification. The cDNA was subjected to a cycle sequencing strategy using Taq polymerase, and the nucleotide and derived amino acid sequences of 10 virus isolates were compared. The M and N genes of all isolates had the same initiation and termination sites as the prototype Bucyrus strain and the encoded proteins were conserved between viruses. Comparison of nucleotide sequence homologies and phylogenetic tree analysis implied the existence of three EAV variants originating from the U.S.A. (Bucyrus), Austria (Vienna) and Switzerland (Bibuna), and suggested that RNA recombination between EAV isolates may have occurred.
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-6-1491
Equine arteritis virus replication in monocytic cells suppresses differentiation and function of dendritic cells - Surrey...Equine arteritis virus replication in monocytic cells suppresses differentiation and function of dendritic cells - Surrey...
Moyo, N, Westcott, D, Simmonds, R and Steinbach, F (2012) Equine arteritis virus replication in monocytic cells suppresses differentiation and function of dendritic cells In: European Congress of Immunology, 2012-09-05 - 2012-09-08, Glasgow, SCOTLAND. Full text not available from this repository ...
http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/825087/
Veterinary PCR Kits - EAV - Equine viral arteritis RT-PCR Detection KitVeterinary PCR Kits - EAV - Equine viral arteritis RT-PCR Detection Kit
Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is a positive stranded RNA virus that infects horses worldwide. Sporadic respiratory disease and sudden death in foals, abortion in mares, and mild or subclinical infections in adult horses have been described resulting from this infection. Adult stallions may become chronically infected; they can become a reservoir and spread the virus via their semen. VetPCR EAV Detection Kit is the direct detection of Equine arteritis virus on the basis of a genetic database, so it can diagnose very fast and accurately. It can amplify only specific gene using the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method, and take only 3 hours for detection. Therefore, it is a very fast, accurate, reliable technique.
http://www.kitpcr.com/product2/291-EAV
Etiologic role of lactic dehydrogenase virus infection in an age-depen by J F. Nawrocki, L R. Pease et al.Etiologic role of lactic dehydrogenase virus infection in an age-depen by J F. Nawrocki, L R. Pease et al.
Nawrocki, J F.; Pease, L R.; and Murphy, W H., Etiologic role of lactic dehydrogenase virus infection in an age-dependent neuroparalytic disease in c58 mice. (1980). Subject Strain Bibliography 1980. 1380 ...
https://mouseion.jax.org/ssbb1980/1380/
ALZFORUM | NETWORKING FOR A CUREALZFORUM | NETWORKING FOR A CURE
Zitterkopf NL, McNeal DW, Eyster KM, Bradley DS, Cafruny WA. Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus induces apoptosis in cultured macrophages and in spinal cords of C58 mice coincident with onset of murine amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ...
http://www.alzforum.org/papers/lactate-dehydrogenase-elevating-virus-induces-apoptosis-cultured-macrophages-and-spinal-cords
rep - Replicase polyprotein 1ab - Simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV) - rep gene & proteinrep - Replicase polyprotein 1ab - Simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV) - rep gene & protein
The replicase polyprotein 1ab is a multifunctional protein: it contains the activities necessary for the transcription of negative stranded RNA, leader RNA, subgenomic mRNAs and progeny virion RNA as well as proteinases responsible for the cleavage of the polyprotein into functional products.
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q68772
Genetic variant determines if stallions become carriers of equine arteritis virus | EurekAlert! Science NewsGenetic variant determines if stallions become carriers of equine arteritis virus | EurekAlert! Science News
The change of just four nucleotides in the CXCL16 gene is all that is necessary to determine whether or not stallions are likely to become long-term carriers of EAV. Sanjay Sarkar, Ernest Baily and Udeni Balasuriya of the University of Kentucky, Lexington, and colleagues report these findings Dec. 8, 2016 in PLOS Genetics.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-12/p-gvd120116.php
The open reading frame 3 of equine arteritis virus encodes an immunogenic glycosylated, integral membrane protein. - PubMed -...The open reading frame 3 of equine arteritis virus encodes an immunogenic glycosylated, integral membrane protein. - PubMed -...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10544133?dopt=Abstract
Equine Viral Arteritis - Merck Veterinary ManualEquine Viral Arteritis - Merck Veterinary Manual
Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA is a global healthcare leader working to help the world be well. From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and well-being around the world. The Merck Veterinary Manual was first published in 1955 as a service to the community. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Veterinary Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Manual outside of North America.. ...
http://www.merckvetmanual.com/generalized-conditions/equine-viral-arteritis
EAV Bucyrus antigen Shirley - Science MarketplaceEAV Bucyrus antigen Shirley - Science Marketplace
Biological Sciences Shirley, Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a disease of horses caused by an RNA virus of the genus Arterivirus. The virus which cau...
http://science-marketplace.org/project-offers-collaborations/biological-sciences/eav-bucyrus-antigen_i5070
Sequence Similarity - 4IUM: Equine arteritis virus papain-like protease 2 (PLP2) covalently bound to ubiquitin...Sequence Similarity - 4IUM: Equine arteritis virus papain-like protease 2 (PLP2) covalently bound to ubiquitin...
4IUM: Deubiquitinase function of arterivirus papain-like protease 2 suppresses the innate immune response in infected host cells.
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/sequenceCluster.do?structureId=4IUM
Disease Mutation Testing | Genetic Testing at GluckDisease Mutation Testing | Genetic Testing at Gluck
Genetic Testing at Gluck offers several disease mutation tests including JEB, OLWS, Myotonia, Dwarfism in Miniature Horses, Dwarfism in Friesian, and Hydrocephaly in Friesian. In 2016, the laboratory started offering a test to determine CXCL16 Haplotype, a genetic basis for the likelihood of a stallion becoming a long term shedder/carrier of the Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV). More information is available on each of these tests by following the links to the left. ...
http://getgluck.ca.uky.edu/content/disease-mutation-testing
Terje DoklandTerje Dokland
Structure of the equine arteritis virus nucleocapsid protein reveals a dimer-dimer arrangement. Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography. 63:581-586. 2007 ...
https://scholars.uab.edu/display/dokland
Center Investigators | Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious DiseasesCenter Investigators | Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases
Other Professional Memberships Research Funding Selected Publications. Research Interests:. Structure-function studies on poxvirus membrane biogenesis and immune evasion. Poxviruses include some dangerous emerging or re-emerging pathogens as well as some promising vaccine vectors for infectious diseases and cancers. They are unique among viruses in that they encode a large number of proteins that are dedicated to evading host immune responses. These proteins include secreted inhibitors of cytokines as well as intracellular inhibitors of immune signaling or antiviral factors. Structure and function study on the cytokine inhibitors is one of the major aims in this lab. Enveloped viruses typically acquire their outer lipid bilayer by budding from cellular membranes, a process that is similar to the formation of cellular transport vesicles. Poxviruses, however, are unusual in that their primary envelope is not acquired by budding but through extending of open-ended crescent membranes. The origin and ...
https://ocrid.okstate.edu/center-investigators
Suite, 1 King Bed, Non Smoking, Jetted Tub at Holiday Inn Express Hotel & Suites Bucyrus | Suiteness - Stay connectedSuite, 1 King Bed, Non Smoking, Jetted Tub at Holiday Inn Express Hotel & Suites Bucyrus | Suiteness - Stay connected
Book the Suite, 1 King Bed, Non Smoking, Jetted Tub at Holiday Inn Express Hotel & Suites Bucyrus for up to 2 guests. Plus enjoy exclusive deals and personal concierge service with Suiteness.
https://www.suiteness.com/suites/united-states/ohio/bucyrus/holiday-inn-express-hotel-suites-bucyrus/suite-1-king-bed-non-smoking-jetted-tub
Tiszaföldvár to Székesfehérvár - 5 ways to travel via train, and line 4620 busTiszaföldvár to Székesfehérvár - 5 ways to travel via train, and line 4620 bus
The cheapest way to get from Tiszaföldvár to Székesfehérvár costs only 3 952 Ft, and the quickest way takes just 2¼ hours. Find the travel option that best suits you.
https://www.rome2rio.com/s/Tiszaf%C3%B6ldv%C3%A1r/Sz%C3%A9kesfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r
Equestrian OutreachEquine Viral Arteritis Page
Diagnosing horse ailments requires a vet. (Click here for a list of Florida veterinarians by county). Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a disease of horses caused by an RNA virus of the genus Arterivirus. The virus which causes EVA was first isolated from horses in Ohio in 1953 but the disease has afflicted equine animals worldwide for centuries. It has been more common in some breeds of horses in the United States, but there is no breed immunity. There is no known human hazard.. Arteriviruses are small, enveloped, animal viruses with an icosahedral core containing a positive-sense RNA genome. The family includes Equine arteritis virus (EAV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus (LDV) of mice and simian haemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV).. ...
http://equestrianoutreach.org/Equestrian-Outreach-Disease-Illnesses-Equine-Viral-Arteritis-Page.html
ancestor
Summary Reasons for performing study:A serological study conducted in 1995 revealed that 7 stallions at the Lipizzaner Centre, Gauteng, South Africa, were seropositive for antibody to equine arteritis virus (EAV). A Lipizzaner stallion imported into South Africa from Yugoslavia in 1981 had previously (1988) been confirmed to be an EAV carrier. Despite being placed under life-long breeding quarantine, EAV had been transmitted between stallions at the Lipizzaner Centre. Objectives: To investigate the phylogenetic relationships between the strain of EAV shed in the semen of the original carrier stallion and strains recovered from the semen of 5 other stallions; and to investigate the means whereby lateral transmission of EAV occurred among 7 in-contact, nonbreeding stallions at the Centre. Methods: EAV was isolated from semen collected from the seropositive stallions using RK-13 cells. Viral RNA was reverse transcribed and amplified by polymerase chain reaction using ORF5-specific primers, ...
http://academicconcepts.net/concepts/44/ancestor.htm
Publishers of academic thesis & dissertations. Free search & preview. PDF downloads. Instant access to paperback & ebook...Publishers of academic thesis & dissertations. Free search & preview. PDF downloads. Instant access to paperback & ebook...
Equine arteritis virus (EAV) and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are enveloped RNA viruses belonging to the family Arteriviridae. EAV infection leads to abortion and respiratory illness in horses. PRRSV causes persistent infections in pigs, which is one of the main reasons for the economic losses in the swine industry. The glycoprotein complex Gp2/3/4 and Gp5/M are essential for cell entry and budding, respectively. PRRSV and EAV Gp2/3/4 ectodomains were co-expressed to determine their complex formation in insect cells. The results revealed that PRRSV Gp2/3/4 proteins secreted into the cell culture supernatant as a disulphide linked complex. In contrast, Gp3 of EAV was expressed, but not associated with Gp2/4. The Gp2/3/4 proteins of both PRRSV and EAV are attached to the membrane through their C-terminal hydrophobic transmembrane region as they were secreted when it is removed. This result showed that all the proteins contain type I membrane topology except EAV Gp3 since
http://www.dissertation.com/abstracts/1103605
RCSB PDB - 1MBM: NSP4 proteinase from Equine Arteritis Virus Literature Report PageRCSB PDB - 1MBM: NSP4 proteinase from Equine Arteritis Virus Literature Report Page
1MBM: Structure of Arterivirus nsp4: the smallest chymotrypsin-like proteinase with an alpha/beta C-terminal extension and alternate conformations of the oxyanion hole
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/litView.do?structureId=1MBM
Jianqiang Zhang | College of Veterinary MedicineJianqiang Zhang | College of Veterinary Medicine
Lu Zǂ, Zhang Jǂ, Huang C, Go YY, Faaberg KS, Rowland RR, Timoney PJ, and Balasuriya UBR. (2012). Chimeric viruses containing the N-terminal ectodomains of GP5 and M proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus do not change the cellular tropism of equine arteritis virus. Virology. 432 (1), 99-109 [ǂ The first two authors should be acknowledged as joint first authors ...
https://vetmed.iastate.edu/users/jqzhang
Jianqiang Zhang | College of Veterinary MedicineJianqiang Zhang | College of Veterinary Medicine
Lu Zǂ, Zhang Jǂ, Huang C, Go YY, Faaberg KS, Rowland RR, Timoney PJ, and Balasuriya UBR. (2012). Chimeric viruses containing the N-terminal ectodomains of GP5 and M proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus do not change the cellular tropism of equine arteritis virus. Virology. 432 (1), 99-109 [ǂ The first two authors should be acknowledged as joint first authors ...
https://www.vetmed.iastate.edu/users/jqzhang
ASMscience | The Arterivirus Replicas
This chapter focuses on the arterivirus proteins that are involved in genome replication and subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) synthesis. These proteins, which are collectively referred to as
http://www.asmscience.org/content/book/10.1128/9781555815790.ch06
Johnson TN Stallion | Dressage Stallions | Euro StallionsJohnson TN Stallion | Dressage Stallions | Euro Stallions
Ridden by Hans Peter Minderhoud, Glocks Johnson TN N.O.P. has risen to be one of worlds best combinations in dressage. The son of Jazz takes in the 6th
https://www.eurostallions.ie/stallion/johnson-tn/
This rare horse was cloned from cells taken from a stallion in 1980This rare horse was cloned from cells taken from a stallion in 1980
Little Kurt looks like any other baby horse as he frolics playfully in his pen. But the 2-month-old, dun-colored colt is actually a clone.
https://www.wkbw.com/news/national/this-rare-horse-was-cloned-from-cells-taken-from-a-stallion-in-1980
bazakoni.pl - Horse details - Stallion Landgraf [Ali-Nanon]bazakoni.pl - Horse details - Stallion Landgraf [Ali-Nanon]
Baza rodowodowa koni powstała z myślą o wszystkich miłośnikach koni. Naszym celem jest gromadzenie i udostępnianie sprawdzonych informacji o hodowanych w Polsce koniach, ich pochodzeniu, osiągnięciach i współczynnikach genetycznych. Na stronie są dostępne informacje o zawodach, konkursach koni. Informacje na temat jeźdźców. Zdjęcia koni i jeźdźców.
https://www.bazakoni.pl/landgraf-ali-nanon
bazakoni.pl - Horse details - Stallion Spearmint [Carbine-Maid Of The Mint]bazakoni.pl - Horse details - Stallion Spearmint [Carbine-Maid Of The Mint]
Baza rodowodowa koni powstała z myślą o wszystkich miłośnikach koni. Naszym celem jest gromadzenie i udostępnianie sprawdzonych informacji o hodowanych w Polsce koniach, ich pochodzeniu, osiągnięciach i współczynnikach genetycznych. Na stronie są dostępne informacje o zawodach, konkursach koni. Informacje na temat jeźdźców. Zdjęcia koni i jeźdźców.
https://www.bazakoni.pl/spearmint-carbine-maidofthemint
Increased pathology during infection with an atypical European porcine Arterivirus correlates with an enhanced adaptive immune...Increased pathology during infection with an atypical European porcine Arterivirus correlates with an enhanced adaptive immune...
Morgan, SB, Graham, SP, Salguero, J, Steinbach, F and Frossard, JP (2012) Increased pathology during infection with an atypical European porcine Arterivirus correlates with an enhanced adaptive immune response In: European Congress of Immunology, 2012-09-05 - 2012-09-08, Glasgow, SCOTLAND. Full text not available from this repository ...
http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/826593/
Life without a cell membrane: regeneration of protoplasts from disintegrated cells of the marine green alga Bryopsis plumosa |...Life without a cell membrane: regeneration of protoplasts from disintegrated cells of the marine green alga Bryopsis plumosa |...
There are four stages in the spontaneous generation of Bryopsis sub-protoplasts: aggregation of cell organelles, changes in protoplasmic masses to a spherical shape, primary envelope formation and secondary membrane development. Our data indicate that at least two types of molecules are involved in the aggregation of cell organelles, one acts at an optimum of pH 5-6 and the other on the surfaces of cell organelles acts at an optimum of pH 8-9. This result was surprising because it is contrary to previous results (Pak et al., 1991). Pak et al. suggested that the most effective material for agglutination of cell organelles might be contained in the vacuolar sap and, therefore, the sequential action of vacuolar sap (pH 5-6) and seawater would be very important for the aggregation of cell organelles. They also reported that prompt dilution of extruded algal cell contents with 20 volumes of seawater prevented aggregation. The discrepancy between our results and those of Pak et al. may be due to ...
http://jcs.biologists.org/content/114/11/2009
Drug Rehab in Bucyrus Kansas - Substance Abuse Addiction Helpline KansasDrug Rehab in Bucyrus Kansas - Substance Abuse Addiction Helpline Kansas
24hr Helpline for drug abuse treatment in Bucyrus. Drug rehab center near Kansas. Call our helpline (888) 483-5340. We have caring, compassionate counselors standing by to help you now.
http://ritapereaconsulting.com/drug-rehab-in-bucyrus-kansas-substance-abuse-addiction-helpline-kansas.html
Arterivirus GP4 envelope glycoprotein (IPR003412) | InterPro | EMBL-EBIArterivirus GP4 envelope glycoprotein (IPR003412) | InterPro | EMBL-EBI
InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their individual strengths to produce a powerful integrated database and diagnostic tool.
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/IPR003412
Megan Thee Stallion Makes History!!!!! - Hip Hop News UncensoredMegan Thee Stallion Makes History!!!!! - Hip Hop News Uncensored
Megan Thee Stallion Makes History!!!!! Houston rapper and businesswoman, Megan Thee Stallion has made history as she has become the first rapper to grace the cover of Sports Illustrated: Swimsuit Edition. This, after her debut CD going platinum. Congrats Megan!!!!! Megan Thee Stallion: From Hous ...
https://hiphopun.com/megan-thee-stallion-makes-history/
Stallion Handling (AAEP 2005) | TheHorse.comStallion Handling (AAEP 2005) | TheHorse.com
A stallion handler must be able to focus the stallions mind on him, as well as the mare, and make him wait for instructions. This cannot be achieved through fear or abusiveness, but through training basic cues and maneuvers to the stallion before he
http://www.thehorse.com/articles/15902/stallion-handling-aaep-2005
Dies, Stallion, 3 years » Friesian Horses for Sale @ Friesiansforsale.eu High QualityDies, Stallion, 3 years » Friesian Horses for Sale @ Friesiansforsale.eu High Quality
Dies is an impressive 3 years old friesian stallion with great movements and a full paper!He has a lovely character and is a true eye-catcher.Father: Tsjalle 454Mothersfather: Beart 411Pedigree: Mother Ster, MM Ster + Pref*4, MMM Ser, MMMM Ster + Pref*4Height: 1,64For more…
https://friesiansforsale.eu/dies-friesian-stallion-3-years/
Stallion Barn, Ocala, FL Mural - Mark J. Barrett| Murals Your WayStallion Barn, Ocala, FL Mural - Mark J. Barrett| Murals Your Way
The clean, modern lines of a large stallion barn with an arched doorway provide a frame to this photograph of a green pasture with grazing horses. This wall mural is available in your choice of sizes, making it an ideal focal point for an office wall.
https://www.muralsyourway.com/p/stallion-barn-ocala-fl-mural/
Holistic Stallion Breeding | Equine Wellness MagazineHolistic Stallion Breeding | Equine Wellness Magazine
Over the years, weve interfered with the breeding process more and more. But holistic stallion breeding has begun picking up momentum. Heres why.
https://equinewellnessmagazine.com/holistic-stallion-breeding/
BTS 3J Releases Butter (feat. Megan Thee Stallion) Performance Video | KpopStarzBTS 3J Releases Butter (feat. Megan Thee Stallion) Performance Video | KpopStarz
BTS 3J (Jimin, J-Hope, and Jungkook) released their special performance for Butter (feat. Megan Thee Stallion). #BTS #BTS3J #BTSJimin #BTSJungkook #BTSJHope
https://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/301334/20210909/bts-3j-releases-butter-feat-megan-thee-stallion-performance-video.htm
16 Month Old Cremello Stallion16 Month Old Cremello Stallion
Classic N Credible is a fantastic horse. It would be a once in a lifetime opportunity to own such a great prospect for breeding and/or showing.
https://www.equinenow.com/horse-ad-1071013
BTS (방탄소년단) Butter (feat. Megan Thee Stallion) Special Performance Video
شانلي bts_shanley انا ما شاء الله الكل ارمي عمام وخوال حتى جدي ارمي ههه بس اختي تكره جو الاغاني وتحب مسلسلات تركية بس لا تكره بتس ولا تحبهم ...
https://fibill.info/nick/bts-bangtansonyeondan-butter-feat-megan-thee-stallion-special-performance-video/r5udi4mVmKCfhKE
Wellness Unleashed: A word about high-fructose corn syrup...Wellness Unleashed: A word about high-fructose corn syrup...
Email me at [email protected] I am a Registered Dietitian and nutritionist and hold two Masters degrees in nutrition education, public health nutrition and maternal and child health. See my interests and learn what you might because I live to do what interests me. I practice as a registered dietitian, create creative weight control kits,run weight control groups for adults and children, lead weight loss support groups and write. Besides that however, I have been happily married for 23 years and we have 5 children who keep us very busy. I try to watch my weight, walk daily and do yoga 30 min, 5 days a week ...
http://norabulloch.blogspot.com/2009/03/word-about-high-fructose-corn-syrup.html
Respiratory Diseases of Horses - Veterinary ManualRespiratory Diseases of Horses - Veterinary Manual
Viral respiratory infections are common in horses; the most notable are equine herpesvirus infection, equine influenza, and equine viral arteritis. The clinical manifestations are similar and include pyrexia, serous nasal discharge, submandibular lymphadenopathy, anorexia, and cough. In addition to respiratory disease, equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) can cause abortion and neurologic disease, and equine herpesvirus type 5 (EHV-5) is a newly recognized cause of multinodular pulmonary fibrosis. Equine viral arteritis produces respiratory disease, vasculitis, and abortion. Equine herpesvirus type 2 (EHV-2), equine rhinitis virus, and reovirus are ubiquitous viral respiratory pathogens, and infection results in minimal clinical disease. Adenovirus pneumonia is most often seen in association with severe combined immunodeficiency in Arabian foals. Hendra virus () is a zoonotic disease of horses identified in Australia; it is rapidly fatal in horses, and close contact is necessary for disease transmission.
https://www.msdvetmanual.com/respiratory-system/respiratory-diseases-of-horses
Association of Asinine Herpesvirus-5 with Pyogranulomatous Pneumonia in a Mare - Witte - 2012 - Journal of Veterinary Internal...Association of Asinine Herpesvirus-5 with Pyogranulomatous Pneumonia in a Mare - Witte - 2012 - Journal of Veterinary Internal...
Dynon K , V A , Ficorilli N , et al. Identification of equine herpesvirus 3 (equine coital exanthema virus), equine gammaherpesviruses 2 and 5, equine adenoviruses 1 and 2, equine arteritis virus and equine rhinitis A virus by polymerase chain reaction. Aust Vet J 2001;19:695-701 ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00943.x/references?globalMessage=0
Our work | MPI - Ministry for Primary Industries. A New Zealand Government Department.Our work | MPI - Ministry for Primary Industries. A New Zealand Government Department.
2014: New Zealand celebrated freedom from equine viral arteritis (EVA). EVA is a serious cause of abortion in horses and has significant trade implications for the horse breeding industry. Eradication of EVA was made possible by more than 20 years of work at Wallaceville, testing breeding horses and preventing further spread of the disease. 2013: The MPI laboratory at Wallaceville carried out more than 30,000 tests on a wide range of samples from farm animals to companion animals and other species. Results were used in 286 exotic disease investigation cases, surveillance work, and certifying animals as disease-free for trade. 2013: an epidemic of anaemia in Northland cattle was identified at Wallaceville as being caused by Theileria orientalis Ikeda. This led to a major disease control programme involving MPI and the beef and dairy industries. Wallaceville scientists developed new, faster and more accurate tests for the new strain. This test has now been distributed to commercial veterinary ...
http://mpi.govt.nz/protection-and-response/laboratories/national-biocontainment-laboratory/our-work/
Forever a Stallion by Deborah Fletcher Mello - HOT SAUCE REVIEWSForever a Stallion by Deborah Fletcher Mello - HOT SAUCE REVIEWS
Before I begin, let me say that there are minor spoilers in this review. I dont believe that they will destroy anyones sense of anticipation and suspense when it comes to this book, but hey, better safe than sorry. You know what to do if you intend to read this book some time in the future.. So, Forever a Stallion. If you have been following the series, you will know that it is not about a family of porn stars, and doing things like seducing a Stallion and making love to a Stallion will not get anyone arrested. The Stallions are a bunch of super beautiful and amazingly rich people who also make love like an exploding volcano. So far, all four Stallions featured in their own books have been men, I guess because such awesomeness can only be carried in the Y chromosome.. However, we have Phaedra Parrish here who discovers that, through her mothers personal The Bridges of Madison County story, she is actually a Stallion. What, do you expect a Stallion man to fail to impregnate any woman that ...
https://mrsgiggles.com/forever-a-stallion-by-deborah-fletcher-mello/
Nursing Home Inspect - HEARTLAND OF BUCYRUSNursing Home Inspect - HEARTLAND OF BUCYRUS
About this Data. This app uses data from the U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Fines are listed for the past three years if a home has made partial or full payment (fines under appeal are not included). Information on deficiencies come from a homes last three inspection cycles, or roughly three years in total. Special focus facilities, or homes flagged for having a history of serious quality issues, are marked with an sign. ...
https://projects.propublica.org/nursing-homes/homes/h-365619
Quercetin and Zinc: Our Allies in Fighting Viruses
2] Velthuis, A. J., Sjoerd H. E. Van Den Worm, Sims, A. C., Baric, R. S., Snijder, E. J., & Hemert, M. J. (2010). Zn2 Inhibits Coronavirus and Arterivirus RNA Polymerase Activity In Vitro and Zinc Ionophores Block the Replication of These Viruses in Cell Culture. PLoS Pathogens, 6(11). doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1001176 ...
http://greatroadacupuncture.com/blog/quercetin-and-zinc-our-allies-in-fighting-viruses
Solaris Amoureux | KWPN Dressage Stallion at stud UK | Homozygous BlackSolaris Amoureux | KWPN Dressage Stallion at stud UK | Homozygous Black
Highly successful advanced dressage stallion at stud in the UK KWPN Registered AES Approved this long lined expressive homozygous black dressage Stallion due to his genetic make up will not produce chestnut foals
http://solaris-sport-horses.co.uk/homozygous_black_dressage_stallion.shtml
Mighty Stallion Hold & Spin online slot based on the horse theme with 20 lines and 5 reelsMighty Stallion Hold & Spin online slot based on the horse theme with 20 lines and 5 reels
Review of the Mighty Stallion Hold & Spin video slot also including slides of this origional iSoftBet slot which was released on 2021-03-18.
https://www.allfreechips.com/slots/15108/mighty-stallion-hold-spin-slots.html
Sonny Go Jack by Sonny Go Lucky by Sonny Dee Bar AQHA Vintage Stallion AdSonny Go Jack by Sonny Go Lucky by Sonny Dee Bar AQHA Vintage Stallion Ad
AQHA Quarter Horse Journal Stallion Ad This is a full size page ad approximately 8 x 10 . Please see picture for condition . Guaranteed Origin
https://horses.ecrater.com/p/1844806/sonny-go-jack-by-lucky
Skipa Pawnee Star - AQHA Multiple Grand Champion AQHA Vintage Stallion AdSkipa Pawnee Star - AQHA Multiple Grand Champion AQHA Vintage Stallion Ad
AQHA Quarter Horse Journal Stallion Ad This is a full size page ad approximately 8 x 10 . Please see picture for condition . Guaranteed Origin
https://horses.ecrater.com/p/1843178/skipa-pawnee-star-aqha-multiple
The Young Stallion | TheHorse.comThe Young Stallion | TheHorse.com
|P>Envision this: In his first season, the young stallion fulfills his purpose as a breeding animal. He matures from a rambunctious colt into a skillful stud. So how do you make this dream a reality? As the handler, you want the horse to behave
http://www.thehorse.com/articles/10715/the-young-stallion
Appallosa Stallion: Great Prospect. Champion Bloodlines.Appallosa Stallion: Great Prospect. Champion Bloodlines.
8 years old Appaloosa stallion. Elegant build, exquisite head, intelligent. Good athlete with lots of natural quickness and elasticity.
https://www.equinenow.com/horse-ad-1344646
English<...English<...
Filántropo, PRE stallion - Equine reproductive centre Ecujama, Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Spain. Legendary stallions, Stallions horses.
https://www.ecujama.es/en/stallion-horses/filantropo/
Awesome Rock - Stallion | BreednetAwesome Rock - Stallion | Breednet
Full profile of Awesome Rock including entered runners and results along with data covering yearling sales, nicks, stakeswinners, stud and service fee.
https://www.breednet.com.au/sire/awesome-rock
List of MeSH codes (C02)List of MeSH codes (C02)
... arterivirus infections MeSH C02.782.600.100.700 - porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome MeSH C02.782.600.550 - ... cardiovirus infections MeSH C02.782.687.207 - common cold MeSH C02.782.687.359 - enterovirus infections MeSH C02.782.687.359. ... deltaretrovirus infections MeSH C02.782.815.200.260 - enzootic bovine leukosis MeSH C02.782.815.200.470 - htlv-i infections ... avulavirus infections MeSH C02.782.580.600.080.600 - newcastle disease MeSH C02.782.580.600.400 - henipavirus infections MeSH ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(C02)
Equine viral arteritisEquine viral arteritis
Following infection, the first sign is fever, peaking at 41 °C (106 °F), followed by various signs such as lethargy, nasal ... EVA is caused by an arterivirus called equine arteritis virus (EAV). Arteriviruses are small, enveloped, animal viruses with an ... Most horses with EVA infection do not show any signs; if a horse does show signs, these can vary greatly in severity. ... As well as equine arteritis virus the Arterivirus family includes porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equine_viral_arteritis
History of virologyHistory of virology
But, unlike other viral infections, the incidence of polio - the rarer severe form of the infection - increased in the 20th ... equine arterivirus was discovered. In the 1950s, improvements in virus isolation and detection methods resulted in the ... Many bacteriologists soon discovered the cause of numerous infections. However, some infections remained, many of them ... Ivanovsky suggested the infection might be caused by a toxin produced by bacteria, but did not pursue the idea. In 1898, the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_virology
TorovirusTorovirus
In all those infections, about 25% infections lead to sudden death. Besides other causes like diarrhea, pneumonia and ... The recent molecular analysis of the virus revealed its similarities with Arterivirus and coronaviruses, which led to the ... Virus Infections of Ruminants. 3rd edn. Sweden: Elsevier Science, pp. 311-316 Bosch, A., Rosa M. Pintó, and Abad, Xavier. June ... Cattle, pig, and horse serve as the natural host of Toroviruses and infection is thought to be via the faecal-oral route. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torovirus
IonophoreIonophore
Prevents Zika Virus Infection and its Associated Congenital Microcephaly in Mice". EBioMedicine. 24: 189-194. doi:10.1016/j. ... "Zn2+ Inhibits Coronavirus and Arterivirus RNA Polymerase Activity In Vitro and Zinc Ionophores Block the Replication of These ... Inhibits Zika Virus Infection in Different Cell Models". Viruses. 8 (12): 322. doi:10.3390/v8120322. PMC 5192383. PMID 27916837 ... antibiotics for respiratory infections with sore throat: An antibiotic stewardship perspective". Journal of Clinical Pharmacy ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionophore
ChloroquineChloroquine
Neither drug prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cleavage of the SARS-CoV-2 S2 spike protein required for viral entry into cells can ... inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these ... Savarino A, Boelaert JR, Cassone A, Majori G, Cauda R (November 2003). "Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug ... Savarino A, Boelaert JR, Cassone A, Majori G, Cauda R (November 2003). "Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroquine
Betaarterivirus suid 1Betaarterivirus suid 1
PRRSV infection starts with an acute infection during which tonsils and lungs serve as preferential sites of infection leading ... 10 November 2015). "In the family Arteriviridae create 10 species (1 unassigned, 9 in the genus Arterivirus) and rename one ... The first stage of infection results in a cell-free viremia starting from 6-12 h post infection and lasting for several weeks ... The clinical outcome of a PRRSV infection can be aggravated by co-infections with other pathogens. It is characterized by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betaarterivirus_suid_1
VirologyVirology
Ivanovsky suggested the infection might be caused by a toxin produced by bacteria, but he did not pursue the idea. At the time ... In 1957 equine arterivirus and the cause of Bovine virus diarrhoea (a pestivirus) were discovered. In 1963 the hepatitis B ... Viral load tests are an important in the control of infections by HIV. This versatile method can be used for plant viruses. ... For plant viruses, the natural host plants can be used or, particularly when the infection is not obvious, so-called indicator ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virology
Dr Matthew Perrott - Senior Lecturer in Histopathology - Massey UniversityDr Matthew Perrott - Senior Lecturer in Histopathology - Massey University
Viral RNA load and histological changes in tissues following experimental infection with an arterivirus of possums (wobbly ... Bueno, R., Perrott, M., Dunowska, M., Brosnahan, C., & Johnston, C. (2012). Demonstration of OsHV-1 infection in New Zealand ... Dunowska, M., Zheng, T., Perrott, MR., & Christensen, N. (2013). A survey of avian paramyxovirus type 1 infections among ... 2015). Virological and serological investigation of Equid herpesvirus 1 infection in New Zealand. Veterinary Microbiology. 176( ...
https://www.massey.ac.nz/massey/expertise/profile.cfm?stref=162040
DeCSDeCS
Infections à artérivirus Entry term(s):. Arterivirus Infection. Infection, Arterivirus. Infections, Arterivirus. ... Arterivirus Infections - Preferred Concept UI. M0027401. Scope note. Infections caused by viruses of the genus ARTERIVIRUS. ...
https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=31638
Novel Arterivirus Associated with Outbreak of Fatal Encephalitis in European Hedgehogs, England, 2019 - Volume 27, Number 2...
However, arteriviruses are known to cause persistent/asymptomatic infections (e.g., equine arteritis virus, simian hemorrhagic ... Vanmechelen B, Vergote V, Laenen L, Koundouno FR, Bore JA, Wada J, et al. Expanding the arterivirus host spectrum: Oliviers ... Arterivirus molecular biology and pathogenesis. J Gen Virol. 2013;94:2141-63. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ... Novel Arterivirus Associated with Outbreak of Fatal Encephalitis in European Hedgehogs, England, 2019 On This Page ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/2/20-1962_article
Another Fatal Monkey Virus Could Be Poised for Spillover to Humans | World News 24/7Another Fatal Monkey Virus Could Be Poised for Spillover to Humans | World News 24/7
"Just because we havent diagnosed a human arterivirus infection yet doesnt mean that no human has been exposed. We havent ... "Just because we havent diagnosed a human arterivirus infection yet doesnt mean that no human has been exposed. We havent ... Although such arteriviruses are already considered a critical threat to macaque monkeys, no human infections have been reported ... enabling the virus to invade and cause infection of target cells. Through a series of laboratory experiments, the scientists ...
https://worldnewz247.com/health/another-fatal-monkey-virus-could-be-poised-for-spillover-to-humans/
Dangerous Virus Found in Monkeys Could Jump to Humans - KOAMDangerous Virus Found in Monkeys Could Jump to Humans - KOAM
"Just because we havent diagnosed a human arterivirus infection yet doesnt mean that no human has been exposed. We havent ... No human infections have been reported, but remaining vigilant could help avoid a future pandemic, the authors noted. ... we can get ahead of this so that if human infections begin to occur, were on it quickly." ...
https://www.koamnewsnow.com/i/dangerous-virus-found-in-monkeys-could-jump-to-humans/
Difference between revisions of "Porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus" - microbewiki
2. Delputte, P., & Nauwynck, H. (2004). Porcine arterivirus infection of alveolar macrophages is mediated by sialic acid on the ... The arterivirus genome is contained inside a single N protein of a core with about 110-128 amino acids. The nucleocapsid has ... 2). The arterivirus genome is contained inside a single N protein of a core with about 110-128 amino acids. The nucleocapsid ... However, infection of swine host with PRRSV and another pathogen, such as Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae or Strep. Suis, at the same ...
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Porcine_reproductive_respiratory_syndrome_virus&diff=prev&oldid=103120
Curcumin is a promising inhibitor of genotype 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection | BMC Veterinary...Curcumin is a promising inhibitor of genotype 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection | BMC Veterinary...
Curcumin inhibited infection of Marc-145 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) by four different genotype 2 PRRSV ... However, curcumin did block two steps of the PRRSV infection process: virus internalization and virus-mediated cell fusion. Our ... In this study, we investigated the potential effect of curcumin on early stages of PRRSV infection. ... results suggested that an inhibition of genotype 2 PRRSV infection by curcumin is virus strain-independent, and mainly ...
https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-017-1218-x
Novel Arterivirus Associated with Outbreak of Fatal Encephalitis in European Hedgehogs, England, 2019 - Volume 27, Number 2...
However, arteriviruses are known to cause persistent/asymptomatic infections (e.g., equine arteritis virus, simian hemorrhagic ... Vanmechelen B, Vergote V, Laenen L, Koundouno FR, Bore JA, Wada J, et al. Expanding the arterivirus host spectrum: Oliviers ... Arterivirus molecular biology and pathogenesis. J Gen Virol. 2013;94:2141-63. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ... Novel Arterivirus Associated with Outbreak of Fatal Encephalitis in European Hedgehogs, England, 2019 On This Page ...
https://wwwnc-origin.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/2/20-1962_article
Iris DelrueIris Delrue
... arterivirus infection ... infection, lelystad virus, respiratory syndrome virus, vaccine ...
https://biblio.ugent.be/person/F7EAA36C-F0ED-11E1-A9DE-61C894A0A6B4
EnglishEnglish
It is caused by a virus classified as a member of the genus Arterivirus. PRRS is a disease listed in the World Organisation for ... Terrestrial Animal Health Code - Chapter 15.3 Infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ... The symptoms include reproductive failure, pneumonia and increased susceptibility to secondary bacterial infection. ...
https://rr-asia.woah.org/en/projects/porcine-reproductive-and-respiratory-syndrome-prrs/
Team, Funding, PhD Theses | LUMCTeam, Funding, PhD Theses | LUMC
P.B. van Kasteren (3 Dec 2014) - Arterivirus PLP2, an OTU deubiquitinase that counteracts innate immunity ... X. Jiang (6 Nov 2013) - Construction characterization and application of flavivirus infections ... D. van Aken (22 Oct 2008) - Arterivirus replicase processing: regulatory cascade or Gordian knot? ... M.A. Tijms (12 May 2004) - Nsp1, a multifunctional regulator of the arterivirus life cycle ...
https://www.lumc.nl/org/mm/research/virology/RNAviruses/team-funding-theses/
Another monkey virus may be poised to jump to humans: study | CTV NewsAnother monkey virus may be poised to jump to humans: study | CTV News
Although no human infections have ever been reported with these viruses, experts caution that we should be watching them now. ... Simian hemorrhagic fever, an arterivirus that is already endemic in wild African primates and mostly impacts macaque monkeys, ... White blood cells play a huge role in our health, helping to protect our bodies against infection. If these cells are impacted ... Research shows that primates with differences in this receptor are sometimes less susceptible to infection with SHFV, showing ...
https://www.ctvnews.ca/mobile/health/scientists-call-for-vigilance-warning-another-monkey-virus-could-soon-be-poised-to-infect-humans-1.6093001?cache=yesclipId104062?clipId=104062
Pesquisa | Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BRASILPesquisa | Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BRASIL
However, the role and the underlying mechanism of HIF-1α in PRRSV infection remain elusive. Here, we found that PRRSV infection ... Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an Arterivirus that has devastated the swine industry worldwide ... Interestingly, PRRSV infection caused a reduction in itaconate abundance and simultaneously led to an accumulation of cis- ... Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection manipulates central carbon metabolism. Pang, Yu; Li, Chenyu; Wang ...
https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/brasil/?lang=pt&q=au:Li,+Chenyu
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Subverts Repertoire Development by Proliferation of Germline-Encoded B...Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Subverts Repertoire Development by Proliferation of Germline-Encoded B...
... resolution of the infection. This allows more time for viral replication and subsequently a greater chance for the infection to ... PRRSV is a member of the Arteriviridae that includes equine arterivirus, simian hemorrhagic fever virus, and lactate ... and the need for 150 days to clear the infection (4). This delay is believed to increase susceptibility to secondary infections ... VH usage in PIPs failed to indicate a preferential VH usage associated with this infection (6, 27), thus failing to provide ...
https://journals.aai.org/jimmunol/article/180/4/2347/84514/Porcine-Reproductive-and-Respiratory-Syndrome
The Cherokee Nation Reckons With History of Slavery in New Exhibit ► Last NewsThe Cherokee Nation Reckons With History of Slavery in New Exhibit ► Last News
... an arterivirus that is already endemic in wild African primates and mostly impacts macaque monkeys, may have the potential to ... become the next monkeypox or even the next HIV in the future, researchers say.Although no human infections have ever been ...
https://www.meaws.com/news/the-cherokee-nation-reckons-with-history-of/63553
ASAI - Advertising Standards Authority for Ireland » Health & BeautyASAI - Advertising Standards Authority for Ireland » Health & Beauty
"Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these ... zinc deficiency can make us a lot more susceptible to infection so it is imperative that we maintain correct zinc serum status ... had referred both to an article which had stated that a zinc deficiency can make a person more susceptible to infections, and ... function and deficiencies in any of them could lead to compromised immunity and an increased risk of viral or other infection. ...
https://www.asai.ie/complaint/health-beauty-55/
Molecular Characterization of Transcriptome-wide Interactions between Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory...Molecular Characterization of Transcriptome-wide Interactions between Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory...
... after infection with HP-PRRSV. During the infection, Tongcheng piglets exhibited typical clinical signs, e.g. fever, asthma, ... Zn inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these ... Laboratory infection of Tongcheng piglets with HP-PRRSV. A: Rectal temperature of the piglets; B: Viral copy numbers per ml ... 6. Xiao S, Jia J, Mo D, Wang Q, Qin L, He Z, Zhao X, Huang Y, Li A, Yu J, Niu Y, Liu X, Chen Y. Understanding PRRSV infection ...
https://ijbs.com/v07p0947.htm
Deletion of CD163 Exon 7 Confers Resistance to Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Viruses on PigsDeletion of CD163 Exon 7 Confers Resistance to Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Viruses on Pigs
Effect of heparin on infection of cells by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Am J Vet Res. 1997;58:488-491 ... PRRSV is a positive-stranded RNA virus belonging to the genus Arterivirus of the family Arteriviridae within the order ... Pigs lacking the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain 5 of CD163 are resistant to PRRSV-1 infection. J Virol. 2018;92:JVI. ... Infection of porcine bone marrow-derived macrophages by porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus impairs phagosomal ...
https://www.ijbs.com/v15p1993.htm
Miscellaneous, PRRS Disease: Mizoram Government bans import of pigs | Study IQMiscellaneous, PRRS Disease: Mizoram Government bans import of pigs | Study IQ
It is caused by virus classified as a member of the genus Arterivirus. Thus, it belongs to genus Arterivirus, family ... Public Health Risk: There is no evidence of human infection with PRRS virus. ... It is caused by virus classified as a member of the genus Arterivirus. Thus, it belongs to genus ,em,Arterivirus,/em,, family ... It is caused by virus classified as a member of the genus Arterivirus. Thus, it belongs to genus ,em,Arterivirus,/em,, family ...
https://currentaffairs.studyiq.com/tags/miscellaneous-7/mizoram-government-bans-import-of-pigs
Mouse anti double-stranded RNA (J2, J5 and K1) Comparison Set - Exalpha Biologicals inc.Mouse anti double-stranded RNA (J2, J5 and K1) Comparison Set - Exalpha Biologicals inc.
Use of antisera directed against dsRNA to detect viral infections in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. J Clin Virol. ( ... Ultrastructural characterization of arterivirus replication structures: reshaping the endoplasmic reticulum to accommodate ... 7) Lukacs, N. (1994) Detection of virus infection in plants and differentiation between coexisting viruses by monoclonal ... potent inhibitor of TMPRSS2-like proteases blocks SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and is broadly protective against infection ...
https://www.exalpha.com/products/mouse-anti-double-stranded-rna-j2-j5-and-k1-comparison-set/10050100
Proposed mechanism for anosmia during COVID-19: The role of local zinc distributionProposed mechanism for anosmia during COVID-19: The role of local zinc distribution
Callow KA (1990) The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man. Epidemiology & Infection ... Te Velthuis AJ (2010) Zn2+ inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the ... There is no data that show that Zn supplementation prevents viral infections, and the data on the effectiveness of Zn to treat ... Shankar AH, Prasad AS (1998) Zinc and immune function: the biological basis of altered resistance to infection. The American ...
https://www.oatext.com/proposed-mechanism-for-anosmia-during-covid-19-the-role-of-local-zinc-distribution.php
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) | Iowa State UniversityPorcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) | Iowa State University
PRRS infection is widespread in US herds so care must be taken to both confirm an active infection and to rule out other ... The PRRS virus is an enveloped RNA virus in the genus Arterivirus, classified in the virus family, Arteriviridae. There is ... Boars are known to shed PRRS virus in semen for up to 92 days post-infection and can infect dams during breeding. Infection of ... Other infections are common in pigs with PRRS. Differential diagnosis for respiratory disease includes lesions or co-infections ...
https://vetmed.iastate.edu/vdpam/FSVD/swine/index-diseases/porcine-reproductive
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus | The Pig Site Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus | The Pig Site
PRRS virus (porcine arterivirus). In: Straw B.E., Zimmerman J., DAllaire S. and Taylor D.J. (eds). Diseases of Swine (9th ... 2004) reported that over 80 per cent of new infections in commercial systems in the US were not due to pigs or semen but to ... Chilean producers are currently in the process of culling all sows that were present at the time of infection (Anon, 2007). ... More recently, there is a developing recognition of the cost of PRRSV infection in growing pigs. Of the $560 million PRRS was ...
https://www.thepigsite.com/articles/porcine-reproductive-and-respiratory-syndrome-virus
COVID-19: How to Strengthen Your Immune System | Coho HealthCOVID-19: How to Strengthen Your Immune System | Coho Health
Prior to an infection, if our inflammation levels are nice and low (healthy levels), then we have more band-width for the ... te Velthuis, A. J., van den Worm, S. H., Sims, A. C., et al. (2010). Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase ... Th-1 cells produce immune responses that help fight viral infections.. We can either have a balanced Th-1 and Th-2 response (i. ... As COVID-19 is a new virus, at the time of writing there is no research yet on what can specifically help treat this infection ...
https://cohohealth.com/covid-19-coronavirus-strengthen-immune-system/
viral | This Week in Virology - Part 2viral | This Week in Virology - Part 2
Tagged as: arterivirus, bat fecal microbiome, simian hemorrhagic fever virus, spillover, viral, virology, virus ... Angela Mingarelli joins TWiV to discuss whether the gut microbiota of bats confers tolerance to influenza virus infection in ... Griffin discusses a healthcare-associated infection with Monkeypox virus, air and surface sampling for monkeypox virus in a UK ... Griffin discusses the prediction of upcoming global infection burden of influenza seasons after relaxation of public health and ...
https://www.microbe.tv/twiv/tag/viral/page/2/
Infectious Diseases - Thailand Medical NewsInfectious Diseases - Thailand Medical News
LATEST! COVID-19 Infections Increasing In The United States! Data From 32 Out Of 50 States Shows 104,258 New Infections And 877 ... BREAKING! U.S.NIH Study Warns Of Potetial Human Outbreak Of A New Primate Hemorrhagic Fever-Causing Arterivirus From Africa ... COVID-19 Infections Spiraling Out Of Control Globally, France Reports 298,598 New Infections In Last 24 Hours. Perfect Setting ... Average Of More Than 170,000 Daily Infections!. *WARNING! SARS-CoV-2 Infections Causes Intestinal Ischemia That Increases ...
https://www.thailandmedical.news/articles/infectious-diseases/pages/0
Reprogramming the unfolded protein response fo... | proLékárníky.czReprogramming the unfolded protein response fo... | proLékárníky.cz
Trickle infection and immunity to Trichuris muris * Activation of Shigella flexneri type 3 secretion requires a host-induced ... An infectious arterivirus cDNA clone: identification of a replicase point mutation that abolishes discontinuous mRNA ... Trypanosoma brucei infection protects mice against malaria * 14-3-3 scaffold proteins mediate the inactivation of trim25 and ... Článek Trickle infection and immunity to Trichuris muris Článek Activation of Shigella flexneri type 3 secretion requires a ...
https://www.prolekarniky.cz/casopisy/plos-pathogens/2019-11-1/reprogramming-the-unfolded-protein-response-for-replication-by-porcine-reproductive-and-respiratory-syndrome-virus-117406
BOOSTER SHOT IMMUNE SUPPORT | ProteinspesialistenBOOSTER SHOT IMMUNE SUPPORT | Proteinspesialisten
The link between vitamin D and viral infections can be observed seasonally, with lower levels in the winter and an increases in ... 4. Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of ... show combining Vitamin C and Quercetin provide strong preventative protection against COVID-19 infection of healthcare workers ...
https://proteinspesialisten.no/en/produkt/booster-shot-immune-support/
Multifacetedhighlytargetedsequentialmultidrugtreatmentofearlyambulatoryhigh-riskSARS-CoV-2infectionCOVID-19.pdf | PDF HostMultifacetedhighlytargetedsequentialmultidrugtreatmentofearlyambulatoryhigh-riskSARS-CoV-2infectionCOVID-19.pdf | PDF Host
Journal of Infection. //www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-begins-clini McCullough, P. A., Eidt, J., Rangaswami, J., ... and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores W. J., Zimmerman, J. L. and Dellinger, R. P. (2017) ... avirus Disease 2019 Infection. The American Journal of Cardiology Volume 21, Number 4, 2020 529 Vahidy, F. S., Drews, A. L., ... Quickly reducing the rate, quantity, and duration of viral repli- Vitamin C has been used in a variety of viral infections and ...
https://pdfhost.io/v/G23zyy7Kg_MultifacetedhighlytargetedsequentialmultidrugtreatmentofearlyambulatoryhighriskSARSCoV2infectionCOVID19pdf
Supplementation of Micronutrients against COVID-19
The immune responses induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection have two phases [9]. During the non-severe stage, strategies to boost ... TeVelthuis AJW, van den Worm SHE, Sims AC, et Zn2+ Inhibits Coronavirus and Arterivirus RNA Polymerase Activity in Vitro and ... A search was done in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for the nutrients with proven effect against viral infection. ... Results: There are experimental studies about the effects of micronutrients against viral infection. Vitamins such as A, B6, ...
https://www.fortunejournals.com/articles/supplementation-of-micronutrients-against-covid19.html
GenusPRRSVViral infectionsSimianCoronavirusHemorrhagicInnate immunityVirusesGenomeImmunityZincSusceptible to infectionRespiratoryInflammationVirusBacterialHealthcare workersClinicalInfectiousEarlyHumanDecreaseCellsEffectHostAvoidShownProcessRates
Genus5
  • Infections caused by viruses of the genus ARTERIVIRUS . (bvsalud.org)
  • It is caused by a virus classified as a member of the genus Arterivirus. (woah.org)
  • Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV) which belongs to the genus Arterivirus of the family Arteriviridae , is the most economically significant disease effecting commercially bred pigs world-wide [ 1 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • PRRSV is a positive-stranded RNA virus belonging to the genus Arterivirus of the family Arteriviridae within the order Nidovirale [ 11 , 12 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • The PRRS virus is an enveloped RNA virus in the genus Arterivirus, classified in the virus family, Arteriviridae. (iastate.edu)
PRRSV19
  • In this study, we investigated the potential effect of curcumin on early stages of PRRSV infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Curcumin inhibited infection of Marc-145 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) by four different genotype 2 PRRSV strains, but had no effect on the levels of major PRRSV receptor proteins on Marc-145 cells and PAMs or on PRRSV binding to Marc-145 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, curcumin did block two steps of the PRRSV infection process: virus internalization and virus-mediated cell fusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results suggested that an inhibition of genotype 2 PRRSV infection by curcumin is virus strain-independent, and mainly inhibited by virus internalization and cell fusion mediated by virus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, we evaluated curcumin as an anti-PRRSV agent in Marc-145 cells and PAM and found it inhibited PRRSV infection by preventing virus internalization and virus-mediated cell fusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We propose that PRRSV infection causes generalized Ag-independent B cell activation and hypergammaglobulinemia with biased expansion of a subpopulation of the preimmune repertoire with hydrophobic binding sites that normally disappears during Ag-driven repertoire diversification. (aai.org)
  • PRRSV can persist for 150 days ( 4 ) whereas swine influenza virus (SIV) infection, which also produces lung lesions in newborn piglets, is resolved within 3 weeks. (aai.org)
  • Previous studies have analyzed the global gene expression profiles of lung tissue in vivo and PAMs in vitro following infection with PRRSV, however, transcriptome-wide understanding of the interaction between highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) and PAMs in vivo has not yet been established. (ijbs.com)
  • In this study, we employed Affymetrix microarrays to investigate the gene expression patterns of PAMs isolated from Tongcheng piglets (a Chinese indigenous breed) after infection with HP-PRRSV. (ijbs.com)
  • Microarray analysis revealed that HP-PRRSV infection has affected PAMs in expression of the important genes involved in cytoskeleton and exocytosis organization, protein degradation and folding, intracellular calcium and zinc homeostasis. (ijbs.com)
  • And inhibition of the complement system likely attenuated the lung damage during HP-PRRSV infection. (ijbs.com)
  • In vivo , PRRSV productive infection occurs predominately in alveolar macrophages of the lung [ 3 ], followed by viremia and subsequent interstitial pneumonia within 3 days [ 4 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • It was hypothesized that respiratory pathology, especially lung damage during PRRSV infection, results from an overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lungs [ 5 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Genome-wide transcriptional responses of lungs of Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred piglets to a classical North American type PRRSV strain infection was analyzed by Solexa/Illumina's Digital Gene Expression (DGE) System, which is a tag-based high-throughput transcriptome sequencing method [ 6 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • This systematic analysis of the pulmonary gene expression profiles suggested that upregulation expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules and inflammatory enzymes and inflammatory cells, antibodies, complement activation were likely to result in the development of inflammatory responses during PRRSV infection processes [ 6 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • PRRSV infection is mediated by porcine CD163 (pCD163). (ijbs.com)
  • Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain 5 coded by exon 7 of pCD163 is essential for PRRSV infection. (ijbs.com)
  • Our results demonstrated that CD163 exon 7 deletion confers resistance to HP-PRRSV infection without impairing the biological functions of CD163. (ijbs.com)
  • More recently, there is a developing recognition of the cost of PRRSV infection in growing pigs. (thepigsite.com)
Viral infections4
  • The link between vitamin D and viral infections can be observed seasonally, with lower levels in the winter and an increases in influenza. (proteinspesialisten.no)
  • 2017). nutraceuticals, 2) combination intracellular anti-infective The majority serious viral infections require early treatment therapy, 3) inhaled/oral corticosteroids, 4) antiplatelet with multiple agents and this approach has not been applied in agents/anticoagulants, 5) supportive care including sup- trials of COVID-19 sponsored by governments or industry. (pdfhost.io)
  • There is level 2A evidence for the beneficial effects of vitamins and micronutrients in modulating the immunity against viral infections. (fortunejournals.com)
  • Viral infections in animals provoke an immune response that usually eliminates the infecting virus. (en-academic.com)
Simian1
  • Simian hemorrhagic fever, an arterivirus that is already endemic in wild African primates and mostly impacts macaque monkeys, may have the potential to become the next monkeypox or even the next HIV in the future, researchers say. (ctvnews.ca)
Coronavirus2
  • Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these viruses in cell culture. (asai.ie)
  • AS RECEIVED: The new NCP coronavirus may not show sign of infection for many days, how can one know if he/she is infected. (thebipartisanpress.com)
Hemorrhagic3
  • Angela Mingarelli joins TWiV to discuss whether the gut microbiota of bats confers tolerance to influenza virus infection in mice, and primate hemorrhagic fever-causing arteriviruses that can reproduce in human cells and might be capable of infecting humans. (microbe.tv)
  • U.S.NIH Study Warns Of Potetial Human Outbreak Of A New Primate Hemorrhagic Fever-Causing Arterivirus From Africa That Is Far Worse Than HIV! (thailandmedical.news)
  • A new U.S. NIH sponsored study has shockingly found that a primate hemorrhagic fever-causing arterivirus from Africa has acquired the necessary mutations to cross over into the human species using the CD162 receptors for cellular entry. (thailandmedical.news)
Innate immunity1
  • The unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) constitutes a critical component of host innate immunity against microbial infections. (prolekarniky.cz)
Viruses4
  • Our hope is that by raising awareness of the viruses that we should be looking out for, we can get ahead of this so that if human infections begin to occur, we're on it quickly. (koamnewsnow.com)
  • Although no human infections have ever been reported with these viruses, experts caution that we should be watching them now. (ctvnews.ca)
  • The acquired immune response plays a major role in the re-infection with viruses. (cohohealth.com)
  • However, some viruses including those causing AIDS and viral hepatitis evade these immune responses and result in chronic infections. (en-academic.com)
Genome5
  • We used next-generation sequencing to identify a novel arterivirus with a genome coding sequence of only 43% similarity to existing GenBank arterivirus sequences. (cdc.gov)
  • The arterivirus genome is composed of a single, 12-16 kb, polyadenylated, RNA strand that contains 2 major genomic regions. (cdc.gov)
  • We describe the disease history, histopathology, and the near complete genome sequence of a novel arterivirus, hedgehog arterivirus 1 (HhAV-1). (cdc.gov)
  • The process of viral infection includes viral adhesion, host cells endocytosis, and genome release. (ijbs.com)
  • In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses high points of the multi-national monkeypox outbreaks, monkeypox virus genome mutations, possible occupational infection of healthcare workers with monkeypox virus, rates of monkeypox cases by vaccination status, protection of SARS-CoV-2 infection against reinfection, Paxlovid significantly reduces COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths, and rebound in COVID19 with and without Paxlovid treatment. (microbe.tv)
Immunity2
  • Researchers from MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, School of Infection and Immunity - United Kingdom have identified a new pathogen that can evade the human host immune system, The new pathogen is hybrid virus comprising of fused viral particles from the RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) and the IAV (influenza A virus) viruses. (thailandmedical.news)
  • Immune responses can also be produced by vaccines , which confer an artificially acquired immunity to the specific viral infection. (en-academic.com)
Zinc3
  • The following article was written 10 years ago, According to the authors, zinc deficiency can make us a lot more susceptible to infection so it is imperative that we maintain correct zinc serum status. (asai.ie)
  • Myeloid and lymphoid cells manipulate intracellular and extracellular zinc metabolism via Zn binding proteins and transporters in response to immunological signals and infections [11]. (oatext.com)
  • Zinc is considered an acute phase reactant and Zn levels are redistributed during infection [12]. (oatext.com)
Susceptible to infection1
  • Research shows that primates with differences in this receptor are sometimes less susceptible to infection with SHFV, showing the importance of this receptor. (ctvnews.ca)
Respiratory4
  • Improved Zn status may also reduce the risk of bacterial co-infection by improving mucociliary clearance and barrier function of the respiratory epithelium, as well as direct antibacterial effects against pnewmoniae. (vitamindwiki.com)
  • It is panzootic disease that causes reproductive failure (such as infertility, abortions, stillbirths, or the birth of weak piglets), respiratory disease in young pigs, pneumonia and increased susceptibility to secondary bacterial infection in pigs. (studyiq.com)
  • Acute viral infection of the nasopharyngeal mucosa may lead to a decrease in local Zn level and this was proposed to be a part of normal host defense against respiratory pathogens [14]. (oatext.com)
  • In some cases, infection is manifested as an epidemic of respiratory disease or reproductive failure but in other outbreaks, infection may spread slowly. (iastate.edu)
Inflammation2
  • The four phases addressed are: Prevention, Infection, Inflammation and Recovery. (athmjournal.com)
  • We review evidence from early observational studies and the existing literature on both outcomes and mechanisms of disease, to inform a phased approach to support the patient at risk for infection, with infection, with escalating inflammation during infection, and at risk of negative sequelae as they move into recovery. (athmjournal.com)
Virus5
  • Infecciones producidas por virus del género ARTERIVIRUS. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, field observation suggests that most infected pigs eventually become immune, then cease to shed virus by 60 days post-infection. (iastate.edu)
  • As COVID-19 is a new virus, at the time of writing there is no research yet on what can specifically help treat this infection. (cohohealth.com)
  • Scientists Discover New Circulating RSV Virus Variants That Is Causing Prolong Infection Especially Among Infants And Young Children! (thailandmedical.news)
  • We provide evidence that the virus targets the UPR central regulator GRP78 for proteasomal degradation via a mechanism that requires viral glycoprotein GP2a, while both IRE1-XBP1s and PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 signaling branches of the UPR are turned on at early stage of infection. (prolekarniky.cz)
Bacterial1
  • The symptoms include reproductive failure, pneumonia and increased susceptibility to secondary bacterial infection. (woah.org)
Healthcare workers1
  • show combining Vitamin C and Quercetin provide strong preventative protection against COVID-19 infection of healthcare workers when compared to the control group. (proteinspesialisten.no)
Clinical1
  • In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses the prediction of upcoming global infection burden of influenza seasons after relaxation of public health and social measures during the COVID-19 pandemic, severe COVID-19 outcomes after full vaccination of primary schedule and initial boosters, and how successful immunomodulators for treatment of COVID-19 have opened the pathway for comparative trials. (microbe.tv)
Infectious1
  • Blood type also has been tied to susceptibility to some other infectious diseases, including cholera, recurrent urinary tract infections from E. coli, and a bug called H. pylori that can cause ulcers and stomach cancer, said Dr. David Valle, director of the Institute of Genetic Medicine at Johns Hopkins University. (cogwriter.com)
Early2
  • Underlying this phased approach is recognition of emerging evidence for two different components of pathophysiology, early infection and late stage severe complications. (athmjournal.com)
  • Unscrupulous Indian reporters and media first started creating a story about an outbreak of a mysterious disease among children as early as June 2022 that they labelled as "Tomato Flu" when in reality it was nothing more than ordinary hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) disease, a viral infection that afflicts children. (thailandmedical.news)
Human2
  • No human infections have been reported, but remaining vigilant could help avoid a future pandemic, the authors noted. (koamnewsnow.com)
  • Just because we haven't diagnosed a human arterivirus infection yet doesn't mean that no human has been exposed. (koamnewsnow.com)
Decrease1
  • Mask have been shown to increase risk of getting infection but have been show to decrease the risk of transmitting infection. (wordpress.com)
Cells1
  • White blood cells play a huge role in our health, helping to protect our bodies against infection. (ctvnews.ca)
Effect2
  • A search was done in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for the nutrients with proven effect against viral infection. (fortunejournals.com)
  • There are many meta-analyses on the randomized controlled trials (RCT) about the effect of micronutrients on viral infection. (fortunejournals.com)
Host1
  • 13. Wan LT # , Lin J # , Du HW, Zhang YL, Bravo A, Soberon M, Sun M, Peng DH*, Bacillus thuringiensis targets the host intestinal epithelial junctions for successful infection of Caenorhabditis elegans. (hzau.edu.cn)
Avoid1
  • Follow local government advice around taking appropriate measures to avoid spread of infection. (cohohealth.com)
Shown2
  • RT-PCR test kits which are widely used for confirming COVID-19 infections have been shown to be only around 70% sensitive , meaning that 30% of infected cases are not detected with this testing method. (icpha.ie)
  • Not only that but studies have also shown the vaccinated are more prone to getting Covid and other infections. (wordpress.com)
Process1
  • Chilean producers are currently in the process of culling all sows that were present at the time of infection (Anon, 2007). (thepigsite.com)
Rates1
  • The areas with the heaviest vaccine rates also have the highest rates of Covid infection and deaths. (wordpress.com)
Virology Conferences | Euro Virology Conference | Microbiology Conferences | Virology Summit | Infectious Diseases Conferences ...
Virology Conferences | Euro Virology Conference | Microbiology Conferences | Virology Summit | Infectious Diseases Conferences ... (virology.conferenceseries.com)
Difference between revisions of Porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus - microbewiki
Difference between revisions of "Porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus" - microbewiki (microbewiki.kenyon.edu)
Curcumin is a promising inhibitor of genotype 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection | BMC Veterinary...
Curcumin is a promising inhibitor of genotype 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection | BMC Veterinary... (bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com)
Zinc, respiratory tract infections and COVID-19 - July 2020 | VitaminDWiki
Zinc, respiratory tract infections and COVID-19 - July 2020 | VitaminDWiki (vitamindwiki.com)
English
English (rr-asia.woah.org)
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus: Origin Hypothesis - Volume 9, Number 8-August 2003 - Emerging Infectious...
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus: Origin Hypothesis - Volume 9, Number 8-August 2003 - Emerging Infectious... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Figure 4 - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus: Origin Hypothesis - Volume 9, Number 8-August 2003 - Emerging...
Figure 4 - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus: Origin Hypothesis - Volume 9, Number 8-August 2003 - Emerging... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Another monkey virus may be poised to jump to humans: study | CTV News
Another monkey virus may be poised to jump to humans: study | CTV News (ctvnews.ca)
Another monkey virus may be poised to jump to humans: study | CTV News
Another monkey virus may be poised to jump to humans: study | CTV News (ctvnews.ca)
The Cherokee Nation Reckons With History of Slavery in New Exhibit ► Last News
The Cherokee Nation Reckons With History of Slavery in New Exhibit ► Last News (meaws.com)
Second phase of HSE's monkeypox vaccine rollout to start in October ► Last News
Second phase of HSE's monkeypox vaccine rollout to start in October ► Last News (meaws.com)
Molecular Characterization of Transcriptome-wide Interactions between Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory...
Molecular Characterization of Transcriptome-wide Interactions between Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory... (ijbs.com)
Chiesa e post concilio: Dr. Massimo Citro replica (anche su Church Militant) alle critiche a Mons. Viganò della dr.ssa Gwyneth...
Chiesa e post concilio: Dr. Massimo Citro replica (anche su Church Militant) alle critiche a Mons. Viganò della dr.ssa Gwyneth... (chiesaepostconcilio.blogspot.com)
We Need More Details and Raw Data on Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 Vaccines - The Vaccine Reaction
We Need More Details and Raw Data on Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 Vaccines - The Vaccine Reaction (thevaccinereaction.org)
Miscellaneous, PRRS Disease: Mizoram Government bans import of pigs | Study IQ
Miscellaneous, PRRS Disease: Mizoram Government bans import of pigs | Study IQ (currentaffairs.studyiq.com)
Proposed mechanism for anosmia during COVID-19: The role of local zinc distribution
Proposed mechanism for anosmia during COVID-19: The role of local zinc distribution (oatext.com)
Por qué el triglicérido de DHA omega-3 con vitaminas y minerales puede contribuir al funcionamiento normal del sistema...
Por qué el triglicérido de DHA omega-3 con vitaminas y minerales puede contribuir al funcionamiento normal del sistema... (elfarmaceutico.es)
Ultrastructural Characterization of SARS Coronavirus - Volume 10, Number 2-February 2004 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal...
Ultrastructural Characterization of SARS Coronavirus - Volume 10, Number 2-February 2004 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Volume 9, Number 8-August 2003 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Volume 9, Number 8-August 2003 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Viral | This Week in Virology - Part 2
Viral | This Week in Virology - Part 2 (microbe.tv)
Infectious Diseases - Thailand Medical News
Infectious Diseases - Thailand Medical News (thailandmedical.news)
MeSH Browser
MeSH Browser (meshb.nlm.nih.gov)