A genus of the family ARTERIVIRIDAE, in the order NIDOVIRALES. The type species is ARTERITIS VIRUS, EQUINE.
The type species of the genus ARTERIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of an important equine respiratory disease causing abortion, pneumonia, or other infections.
Infections caused by viruses of the genus ARTERIVIRUS.
A species of ARTERIVIRUS causing reproductive and respiratory disease in pigs. The European strain is called Lelystad virus. Airborne transmission is common.
An order comprising three families of eukaryotic viruses possessing linear, nonsegmented, positive sense RNA genomes. The families are CORONAVIRIDAE; ARTERIVIRIDAE; and RONIVIRIDAE.
A family of viruses, of the order NIDOVIRALES, containing spherical virions. In contrast to CORONAVIRIDAE, no protruding spikes are obvious on the surface.
A species ARTERIVIRUS, occurring in a number of transplantable mouse tumors. Infected mice have permanently elevated serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase.
A syndrome characterized by outbreaks of late term abortions, high numbers of stillbirths and mummified or weak newborn piglets, and respiratory disease in young unweaned and weaned pigs. It is caused by PORCINE RESPIRATORY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYNDROME VIRUS. (Radostits et al., Veterinary Medicine, 8th ed, p1048)
An enzyme that catalyses RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time, and can initiate a chain de novo. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p293)
Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.
A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).
Proteins encoded by a VIRAL GENOME that are produced in the organisms they infect, but not packaged into the VIRUS PARTICLES. Some of these proteins may play roles within the infected cell during VIRUS REPLICATION or act in regulation of virus replication or VIRUS ASSEMBLY.
The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.
The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.
Large, hoofed mammals of the family EQUIDAE. Horses are active day and night with most of the day spent seeking and consuming food. Feeding peaks occur in the early morning and late afternoon, and there are several daily periods of rest.
A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Arterivirus discontinuous mRNA transcription is guided by base pairing between sense and antisense transcription-regulating sequences. (1/55)

To generate an extensive set of subgenomic (sg) mRNAs, nidoviruses (arteriviruses and coronaviruses) use a mechanism of discontinuous transcription. During this process, mRNAs are generated that represent the genomic 5' sequence, the so-called leader RNA, fused at specific positions to different 3' regions of the genome. The fusion of the leader to the mRNA bodies occurs at a short, conserved sequence element, the transcription-regulating sequence (TRS), which precedes every transcription unit in the genome and is also present at the 3' end of the leader sequence. Here, we have used site-directed mutagenesis of the infectious cDNA clone of the arterivirus equine arteritis virus to show that sg mRNA synthesis requires a base-pairing interaction between the leader TRS and the complement of a body TRS in the viral negative strand. Mutagenesis of the body TRS of equine arteritis virus RNA7 reduced sg RNA7 transcription severely or abolished it completely. Mutations in the leader TRS dramatically influenced the synthesis of all sg mRNAs. The construction of double mutants in which a mutant leader TRS was combined with the corresponding mutant RNA7 body TRS resulted in the specific restoration of mRNA7 synthesis. The analysis of the mRNA leader-body junctions of a number of mutants with partial transcriptional activity provided support for a mechanism of discontinuous minus-strand transcription that resembles similarity-assisted, copy-choice RNA recombination.  (+info)

Gill-associated virus of Penaeus monodon prawns: an invertebrate virus with ORF1a and ORF1b genes related to arteri- and coronaviruses. (2/55)

A 20089 nucleotide (nt) sequence was determined for the 5' end of the (+)-ssRNA genome of gill-associated virus (GAV), a yellow head-like virus infecting Penaeus monodon prawns. Clones were generated from a approximately 22 kb dsRNA purified from lymphoid organ total RNA of GAV-infected prawns. The region contains a single gene comprising two long overlapping open reading frames, ORF1a and ORF1b, of 4060 and 2646 amino acids, respectively. The ORFs are structurally related to the ORF1a and ORF1ab polyproteins of coronaviruses and arteriviruses. The 99 nt overlap between ORF1a and ORF1b contains a putative AAAUUUU 'slippery' sequence associated with -1 ribosomal frameshifting. A 131 nt stem-loop with the potential to form a complex pseudoknot resides 3 nt downstream of this sequence. Although different to the G/UUUAAAC frameshift sites and 'H-type' pseudoknots of nidoviruses, in vitro transcription/translation analysis demonstrated that the GAV element also facilitates read-through of the ORF1a/1b junction. As in coronaviruses, GAV ORF1a encodes a 3C-like cysteine protease domain located between two hydrophobic regions. However, its sequence suggests some structural relationship to the chymotrypsin-like serine proteases of arteriviruses. ORF1b encodes homologues of the 'SDD' polymerase, which among (+)-RNA viruses is unique to nidoviruses, as well as metal-ion-binding and helicase domains. The presence of a dsRNA replicative intermediate and ORF1a and ORF1ab polyproteins translated by a-1 frameshift suggests that GAV represents the first invertebrate member of the Order NIDOVIRALES:  (+info)

The arterivirus replicase is the only viral protein required for genome replication and subgenomic mRNA transcription. (3/55)

Equine arteritis virus (EAV) (ARTERIVIRIDAE:) encodes several structural proteins. Whether any of these also function in viral RNA synthesis is unknown. For the related mouse hepatitis coronavirus (MHV), it has been suggested that the nucleocapsid protein (N) is involved in viral RNA synthesis. As described for MHV, we established that the EAV N protein colocalizes with the viral replication complex, suggesting a role in RNA synthesis. Using an infectious cDNA clone, point mutations and deletions were engineered in the EAV genome to disrupt the expression of each of the structural genes. All structural proteins, including N, were found to be dispensable for genome replication and subgenomic mRNA transcription. We also constructed a mutant in which translation of the intraleader ORF was disrupted. This mutant had a wild-type phenotype, indicating that, at least in cell culture, the product of this ORF does not play a role in the EAV replication cycle.  (+info)

Biochemical characterization of the equine arteritis virus helicase suggests a close functional relationship between arterivirus and coronavirus helicases. (4/55)

The arterivirus equine arteritis virus nonstructural protein 10 (nsp10) has previously been predicted to contain a Zn finger structure linked to a superfamily 1 (SF1) helicase domain. A recombinant form of nsp10, MBP-nsp10, was produced in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein with the maltose-binding protein. The protein was partially purified by affinity chromatography and shown to have ATPase activity that was strongly stimulated by poly(dT), poly(U), and poly(dA) but not by poly(G). The protein also had both RNA and DNA duplex-unwinding activities that required the presence of 5' single-stranded regions on the partial-duplex substrates, indicating a 5'-to-3' polarity in the unwinding reaction. Results of this study suggest a close functional relationship between the arterivirus nsp10 and the coronavirus helicase, for which NTPase and duplex-unwinding activities were recently demonstrated. In a number of biochemical properties, both arterivirus and coronavirus SF1 helicases differ significantly from the previously characterized RNA virus SF1 and SF2 enzymes. Thus, the combined data strongly support the idea that nidovirus helicases may represent a separate group of RNA virus-encoded helicases with distinct properties.  (+info)

Structure of arterivirus nsp4. The smallest chymotrypsin-like proteinase with an alpha/beta C-terminal extension and alternate conformations of the oxyanion hole. (5/55)

Arteriviruses are enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses and include pathogens of major economic concern to the swine- and horse-breeding industries. The arterivirus replicase gene encodes two large precursor polyproteins that are processed by the viral main proteinase nonstructural protein 4 (nsp4). The three-dimensional structure of the 21-kDa nsp4 from the arterivirus prototype equine arteritis virus has been determined to 2.0 A resolution. Nsp4 adopts the smallest known chymotrypsin-like fold with a canonical catalytic triad of Ser-120, His-39, and Asp-65, as well as a novel alpha/beta C-terminal extension domain that may play a role in mediating protein-protein interactions. In different copies of nsp4 in the asymmetric unit, the oxyanion hole adopts either a collapsed inactive conformation or the standard active conformation, which may be a novel way of regulating proteolytic activity.  (+info)

Chimeric arteriviruses generated by swapping of the M protein ectodomain rule out a role of this domain in viral targeting. (6/55)

Arteriviruses are enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses for which the two major envelope proteins GP(5) and M occur as disulfide-linked heterodimers. These were assumed to serve the viral targeting functions, but recent ectodomain swapping studies with equine arteritis virus (EAV) indicate that the GP(5) protein does not determine arteriviral tropism. Here, we focused on the short, 13- to 18-residue ectodomain of the M protein. Using an infectious cDNA clone of the Lelystad virus isolate of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), we substituted the genomic sequence encoding the M ectodomain by that of murine lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus, EAV, and the US PRRSV-isolate, VR2332. Viable viruses with a chimeric M protein were obtained in all three cases, but for the latter two only after removal of the genomic overlap between the M and GP(5) genes. Characterization of the chimeric viruses revealed that they could be distinguished immunologically from wild-type virus, that they were genetically stable in vitro, but that they were impaired in their growth, reaching lower titers than the parental virus. The latter appeared to be due to an increased particle-to-infectivity ratio of the chimeric virus particles. Interestingly, the chimeric viruses had retained their ability to infect porcine cells and had not acquired tropism for cells susceptible to the viruses from which the foreign ectodomains were derived. We conclude that the surface structures composed by the arterivirus M and GP(5) ectodomains do not determine viral tropism.  (+info)

Quantitative assessment of the effect of uracil-DNA glycosylase on amplicon DNA degradation and RNA amplification in reverse transcription-PCR. (7/55)

Although PCR and RT-PCR provided a valuable approach for detection of pathogens, the high level of sensitivity of these assays also makes them prone to false positive results. In addition to cross-contamination with true positive samples, false positive results are also possible due to "carry-over" contamination of samples with amplicon DNA generated by previous reactions. To reduce this source of false positives, amplicon generated by reactions in which dUTP was substituted for dTTP can be degraded by uracil DNA glycosylase (UNG). UNG does not degrade RNA but will cleave contaminating uracil-containing DNA while leaving thymine-containing DNA intact. The availability of heat-labile UNG makes use of this approach feasible for RT-PCR. In this study, real-time RT-PCR was used to quantify UNG degradation of amplicon DNA and the effect of UNG on RNA detection. Using the manufacturers' recommended conditions, complete degradation of DNA was not observed for samples containing 250 copies of amplicon DNA. Doubling the UNG concentration resulted in degradation of the two lowest concentrations of DNA tested, but also resulted in an increase of 1.94 cycles in the CT for RNA detection. To improve DNA degradation while minimizing the effect on RNA detection, a series of time, temperature and enzyme concentrations were evaluated. Optimal conditions were found to be 0.25 U UNG per 25 microl reaction with a 20 min, 30 degrees C incubation prior to RT-PCR. Under these conditions, high concentrations of amplicon DNA could be degraded while the CT for RNA detection was increased by 1.2 cycles.  (+info)

An RNA pseudoknot in the 3' end of the arterivirus genome has a critical role in regulating viral RNA synthesis. (8/55)

In the life cycle of plus-strand RNA viruses, the genome initially serves as the template for both translation of the viral replicase gene and synthesis of minus-strand RNA and is ultimately packaged into progeny virions. These various processes must be properly balanced to ensure efficient viral proliferation. To achieve this, higher-order RNA structures near the termini of a variety of RNA virus genomes are thought to play a key role in regulating the specificity and efficiency of viral RNA synthesis. In this study, we have analyzed the signals for minus-strand RNA synthesis in the prototype of the arterivirus family, equine arteritis virus (EAV). Using site-directed mutagenesis and an EAV reverse genetics system, we have demonstrated that a stem-loop structure near the 3' terminus of the EAV genome is required for RNA synthesis. We have also obtained evidence for an essential pseudoknot interaction between the loop region of this stem-loop structure and an upstream hairpin residing in the gene encoding the nucleocapsid protein. We propose that the formation of this pseudoknot interaction may constitute a molecular switch that could regulate the specificity or timing of viral RNA synthesis. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that phylogenetic analysis predicted the formation of similar pseudoknot interactions near the 3' end of all known arterivirus genomes, suggesting that this interaction has been conserved in evolution.  (+info)

The replicase polyprotein 1ab is a multifunctional protein: it contains the activities necessary for the transcription of negative stranded RNA, leader RNA, subgenomic mRNAs and progeny virion RNA as well as proteinases responsible for the cleavage of the polyprotein into functional products.
Diagnosing horse ailments requires a vet. (Click here for a list of Florida veterinarians by county). Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a disease of horses caused by an RNA virus of the genus Arterivirus. The virus which causes EVA was first isolated from horses in Ohio in 1953 but the disease has afflicted equine animals worldwide for centuries. It has been more common in some breeds of horses in the United States, but there is no breed immunity. There is no known human hazard.. Arteriviruses are small, enveloped, animal viruses with an icosahedral core containing a positive-sense RNA genome. The family includes Equine arteritis virus (EAV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus (LDV) of mice and simian haemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV).. ...
This chapter focuses on the arterivirus proteins that are involved in genome replication and subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) synthesis. These proteins, which are collectively referred to as
Morgan, SB, Graham, SP, Salguero, J, Steinbach, F and Frossard, JP (2012) Increased pathology during infection with an atypical European porcine Arterivirus correlates with an enhanced adaptive immune response In: European Congress of Immunology, 2012-09-05 - 2012-09-08, Glasgow, SCOTLAND. Full text not available from this repository ...
InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their individual strengths to produce a powerful integrated database and diagnostic tool.
2] Velthuis, A. J., Sjoerd H. E. Van Den Worm, Sims, A. C., Baric, R. S., Snijder, E. J., & Hemert, M. J. (2010). Zn2 Inhibits Coronavirus and Arterivirus RNA Polymerase Activity In Vitro and Zinc Ionophores Block the Replication of These Viruses in Cell Culture. PLoS Pathogens, 6(11). doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1001176 ...
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1MBM: Structure of Arterivirus nsp4: the smallest chymotrypsin-like proteinase with an alpha/beta C-terminal extension and alternate conformations of the oxyanion hole
One hallmark of the PRRS virus in swine is its extremely high genetic diversity. This phenomenon has important implications for disease diagnosis and prevention and is one of the major causes of the partial or complete lack of protection against re-infections.. The PRRS virus is an RNA virus that belongs to the genus Arterivirus, the only genus in the family Arteriviridae, in the order Nidovirales. The PRRS virus contains a non-segmented, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome. The RNA genome is composed of ten open reading frames (ORFs).. Since the first outbreaks of PRRS in swine in America and Europe, two PRRS virus genotypes have been designated: European or Type 1 (prototype Lelystad virus) and North-American or Type 2 (prototype VR-2332). Interestingly, similarity between both prototype nucleotide sequences is as low as 55%. More importantly, intratype pairwise nucleotide sequence variation exceeds 20% (up to 30% in type 1 and around 21% in type 2).. A significant number of subtypes ...
One hallmark of the PRRS virus in swine is its extremely high genetic diversity. This phenomenon has important implications for disease diagnosis and prevention and is one of the major causes of the partial or complete lack of protection against re-infections.. The PRRS virus is an RNA virus that belongs to the genus Arterivirus, the only genus in the family Arteriviridae, in the order Nidovirales. The PRRS virus contains a non-segmented, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome. The RNA genome is composed of ten open reading frames (ORFs).. Since the first outbreaks of PRRS in swine in America and Europe, two PRRS virus genotypes have been designated: European or Type 1 (prototype Lelystad virus) and North-American or Type 2 (prototype VR-2332). Interestingly, similarity between both prototype nucleotide sequences is as low as 55%. More importantly, intratype pairwise nucleotide sequence variation exceeds 20% (up to 30% in type 1 and around 21% in type 2).. A significant number of subtypes ...
DNA replication is the process by which DNA is duplicated or copied prior to cell division, and which allows the daughter cell to retain a set of its own genetic material. During this process, the two DNA strands are unwound...
RUIZ, A et al. Excretion and transmission study of the Chilean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolate by means of RT-nPCR and ELISA in experimentally inoculated animals and sentinels in contact. Arch. med. vet. [online]. 2009, vol.41, n.3, pp.221-228. ISSN 0301-732X. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0301-732X2009000300006.. The excretion and transmission of PRRSV was studied through RT-nPCR in nasal secretion and serum samples, together with detection of antibodies by ELISA. Thirty pigs, of 3 weeks age, were used and they were randomly assigned into 6 groups. One group of pigs (G1) was inoculated intranasally with 2 ml and intramuscularly with 1 ml with the 2402 isolate in a concentration of 105.7 TCID50 per ml, and they were kept for 35 days in an isolation unit. Four groups (G2, G3, G4, G5) were used as susceptible and they were in contact with the inoculated pigs (G1). Group 1 showed that the Chilean PRRSV isolated induces a condition of viremia beginning at 3 days post ...
Nucleic Acids and The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology - Nucleic Acid Structure - Replication - Transcription - Translation Definition of Terms: ¤ Nucleic...
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Wageningen UR has sown the first quinoa fields at its test facilities in Lelystad and Vredepeel. A number of fields have been sown for nitrogen trials and a number of fields for research into varieties. A further five hectares have been sown for conventional cultivation.
Former Paris-Roubaix winner Niki Terpstras season hung in the balance after he suffered a heavy crash while training near Lelystad in central Netherlands.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a disease produced by the (PRRS) virus, characterized by endemic evolution in the majority of countries, which remains in actuality being a permanent threat to health and economic free farms, as well as for those infected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of Romanian PRRSV isolates from the four most important pig farms in Romania by comparing the nucleotide sequences obtained for ORF5 and ORF7 with a wide range of sequences from GenBank belonging to the main types of PRRSV; the type 1. Eighteen different sequences were obtained for ORF5 gene and 10 for ORF7 gene. One Romanian isolate (Rom3) was found in three of the four different investigated farms. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Romanian PRRSV nucleotide sequences clustered in three groups within the subtype 1 of the virus. The analysis of amino acid sequences evidenced for GP5 and N-nucleocapsid proteins confirmed that the Romanian virus belonged to type
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Antigenic and genetic variations of the 15 kD nucleocapsid protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
Since the beginning, two PRRS virus genotypes were established: European or Type 1 (prototype Lelystad virus) and USA or Type 2 (prototype VR-2332).
4IUM: Deubiquitinase function of arterivirus papain-like protease 2 suppresses the innate immune response in infected host cells.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) can subvert early innate immunity, which leads to ineffective antimicrobial responses. Overcoming immune subversion is critical for developing vaccines and other measures to control this devastating swine virus. The overall goal of this work was to enhance innate and adaptive immunity following vaccination through the expression of interferon (IFN) genes by the PRRSV genome. We have constructed a series of recombinant PRRS viruses using an infectious PRRSV cDNA clone (pCMV-P129). Coding regions of exogenous genes, which included Renilla luciferase (Rluc), green and red fluorescent proteins (GFP and DsRed, respectively) and several interferons (IFNs), were constructed and expressed through a unique subgenomic mRNA placed between ORF1b and ORF2 of the PRRSV infectious clone. The constructs, which expressed Rluc, GFP, DsRed, efficiently produced progeny viruses and mimicked the parental virus in both MARC-145 cells and porcine macrophages. In
Biological Sciences Shirley, Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a disease of horses caused by an RNA virus of the genus Arterivirus. The virus which cau...
Biochemical properties and processing of the three major structural proteins of PRRS virus expressed by recombinant adenoviruses. Structural, functional and community aspects
Alternative codon usage of PRRS virus ORF5 gene increases eucaryotic expression of GP5 glycoprotein and improves immune response in challenged pigs
Alternative codon usage of PRRS virus ORF5 gene increases eucaryotic expression of GP5 glycoprotein and improves immune response in challenged pigs
Within the research in Molecular Biology, one important field along the years has been the analyses on how prokaryotes regulate the expression of their genes and what the consequences of these activities are. Prokaryotes have attracted the interests of researchers not only because the processes taking place in their world are important to cells, but also because many of the effects often can be readily measured, both at the single cell level and in large populations. Contributing to the interest of the present topic is the fact that modulation of gene activity involves the sensing of intra- and inter-cellular conditions, DNA binding and DNA dynamics, and interaction with the replication/transcription machinery of the cell. All of these processes are fundamental to the operation of a biological entity and they condition its lifestyle. Further, the discoveries achieved in the bacterial world have been of ample use in eukaryotes. In addition to the fundamental interest of understanding modulation ...
Within the research in Molecular Biology, one important field along the years has been the analyses on how prokaryotes regulate the expression of their genes and what the consequences of these activities are. Prokaryotes have attracted the interests of researchers not only because the processes taking place in their world are important to cells, but also because many of the effects often can be readily measured, both at the single cell level and in large populations. Contributing to the interest of the present topic is the fact that modulation of gene activity involves the sensing of intra- and inter-cellular conditions, DNA binding and DNA dynamics, and interaction with the replication/transcription machinery of the cell. All of these processes are fundamental to the operation of a biological entity and they condition its lifestyle. Further, the discoveries achieved in the bacterial world have been of ample use in eukaryotes. In addition to the fundamental interest of understanding modulation ...
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TY - JOUR. T1 - Amino acid substitutions in the structural or nonstructural proteins of a vaccine strain of equine arteritis virus are associated with its attenuation. AU - Zhang, Jianqiang. AU - Go, Yun Young. AU - Maclachlan, Nigel J. AU - Meade, Barry J.. AU - Timoney, Peter J.. AU - Balasuriya, Udeni B R. PY - 2008/9/1. Y1 - 2008/9/1. N2 - Comparative sequence analysis of a series of strains of equine arteritis virus (EAV) of defined virulence for horses, ranging from the horse-adapted virulent Bucyrus (VB) strain to a fully attenuated vaccine strain derived from it, identified 13 amino acid substitutions associated with attenuation. These include 4 substitutions in the replicase proteins and 9 in the structural proteins. Using reverse genetic techniques, these amino acid substitutions were introduced into a virulent infectious cDNA clone pEAVrVBS derived from the VB strain of EAV. Inoculation of horses with the recombinant viruses clearly demonstrated that changes in either the replicase ...
Tilmicosin was investigated in a stable porcine alveolar macrophage cell line for its antiviral activity against types 1 and 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Tilmicosin exhibited strong antiviral effects on both genotypes of PRRSV replication in cultured porcine alveolar macrophages. The antiviral activity was more potent for type 1 PRRSV as indicated. Read More ...
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an arterivirus responsible for a widespread contagious disease of domestic pigs with high economic impact. Switzerland is one of the rare PRRSV-free countries in Europe, although sporadic outbreaks have occurred in the past. The PRRSV isolate IVI-1173 from the short outbreak in Switzerland in 2012 was entirely sequenced, and a functional full-length cDNA clone was constructed. Genetic and antigenic characterization of IVI-1173 revealed the importance of amino acid 90 of the nucleocapsid protein N as part of a conformational epitope. IVI-1173 was not detected by SDOW17, a monoclonal antibody against N widely used to detect PRRSV-infected cells. Substitution of alanine at position 90 of N [N(A90)] with a threonine [N(T90)] restored reactivity of vIVI1173-N(T90) to SDOW17 completely. The relevance of this amino acid for the conformational SDOW17 epitope of PRRSV N was further confirmed by the opposite substitution in a functional cDNA clone of
cDNA copies of the M and N genes of equine arteritis virus (EAV) isolates were synthesized by reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction amplification. The cDNA was subjected to a cycle sequencing strategy using Taq polymerase, and the nucleotide and derived amino acid sequences of 10 virus isolates were compared. The M and N genes of all isolates had the same initiation and termination sites as the prototype Bucyrus strain and the encoded proteins were conserved between viruses. Comparison of nucleotide sequence homologies and phylogenetic tree analysis implied the existence of three EAV variants originating from the U.S.A. (Bucyrus), Austria (Vienna) and Switzerland (Bibuna), and suggested that RNA recombination between EAV isolates may have occurred.
Moyo, N, Westcott, D, Simmonds, R and Steinbach, F (2012) Equine arteritis virus replication in monocytic cells suppresses differentiation and function of dendritic cells In: European Congress of Immunology, 2012-09-05 - 2012-09-08, Glasgow, SCOTLAND. Full text not available from this repository ...
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With the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the increased interest in all nidoviruses, the urgent need for a comprehensive book on the subject has never been more evident. Nidoviruses is the first volume to cover the entire nidovirus order, including arteriviruses, toroviruses, roniviruses, and several recently identified human coronaviruses. Ranging from basic biology to immunology and clinical disease, this volume provides crucial information for researchers in virology, epidemiology, biochemistry, cell biology, pathogenesis, and antiviral drug development. Hardcover, 433 pages, full-color insert, illustrations, index.
Zitterkopf NL, McNeal DW, Eyster KM, Bradley DS, Cafruny WA. Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus induces apoptosis in cultured macrophages and in spinal cords of C58 mice coincident with onset of murine amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ...
Design and procedure: Ten swine herds were selected based on the inability to control postweaning PRRS problems using nursery depopulation or piglet vaccination. No vaccines had been used in breeding animals. The existence of subpopulations at a point in time and over time was assessed. Cross-sectional serologic profiles of randomly selected sows were collected and samples were analyzed for IgM and IgG indirect-fluorescent antibodies (IFA), and serum neutralization (SN) antibodies at a point in time. Based on the results, sows were classified into one of two subpopulations: not infected (negative on all three tests) or acutely infected (IgM or IgG positive at ,;1:64 and SN negative). The ability of subpopulations to persist over time was also assessed. In conjunction with the previously described subpopulations, another subpopulation, antibody decay, was assessed. This classification was based on evidence of a previous infection, with subsequent antibody decay over time. Two herds from the ...
Structure of the equine arteritis virus nucleocapsid protein reveals a dimer-dimer arrangement. Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography. 63:581-586. 2007 ...
Sμ-Sα junction sequences. (A) Percentage of switch junctions with the indicated length of microhomology (excluding nucleotide additions). (B and C) Alignmen
For the safe and simultaneous identification of RNA from the North American (NA) and European (EU) genotypes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV).
TY - JOUR. T1 - Detection of equine arteritis virus by real-time TaqMan® reverse transcription-PCR assay. AU - Balasuriya, Udeni B R. AU - Leutenegger, Christian M.. AU - Topol, J. B.. AU - McCollum, William H.. AU - Timoney, Peter J.. AU - Maclachlan, Nigel J. PY - 2002. Y1 - 2002. N2 - A one-tube real-time TaqMan® reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed for the detection of equine arteritis virus (EAV). The test was validated using the seminal plasma and nasal secretions of infected horses that were proven to contain EAV by traditional virus isolation in rabbit kidney thirteen (RK-13) cells, as well as a variety of cell culture-propagated European and North American strains of EAV. The primers and a fluorogenic TaqMan® probe were designed to amplify and detect a highly conserved region of open reading frame 7 (ORF7) of EAV. The real-time TaqMan® PCR assay detected EAV RNA in all samples that were confirmed to contain infectious EAV by virus isolation. ...
Previous studies in our laboratory have identified equine CXCL16 (EqCXCL16) to be a candidate molecule and possible cell entry receptor for equine arteritis virus (EAV). In horses, the CXCL16 gene is located on equine chromosome 11 (ECA11) and encodes a glycosylated, type I transmembrane protein with 247 amino acids. Stable transfection of HEK-293T cells with plasmid DNA carrying EqCXCL16 (HEK-EqCXCL16 cells) increased the proportion of the cell population permissive to EAV infection from | 3% to almost 100%. The increase in permissiveness was blocked either by transfection of HEK-EqCXCL16 cells with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against EqCXCL16 or by pretreatment with guinea pig polyclonal antibody against EqCXCL16 protein (Gp anti-EqCXCL16 pAb). Furthermore, using a virus overlay protein-binding assay (VOPBA) in combination with far-Western blotting, gradient-purified EAV particles were shown to bind directly to the EqCXCL16 protein in vitro. The binding of biotinylated virulent EAV strain
Med Virology - Lecture notes All lectures. Color. Introduction to Virology Viruses contribute significantly to the global burden of infectious disease. Template 12448 The Virology PowerPoint Template is a presentation for study of viruses. prion diseases, pestivirus, arterivirus, etc). Eight months after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic began in Washington the UW Medicine Clinical Virology Lab processed its 1 millionth COVID-19 specimen. 2. A new class is starting at virology blog: Virology 101. 1-340 (2006) View all volumes. Virusoids are nucleic acids that depend on cells and helper viruses for packaging their nucleic acids into virus-like particles.Viroids are naked, cyclical, mostly double-strand small RNAs that appear to be restricted to plants, spread from cell to cell, and are replicated by cellular RNA polymerase II. Search free templates! The PowerPoint templates of Virology display various shapes and graphics related to viruses and scientific discoveries. 1-368 (2006) Volume 15. pp. Recognizing ...
Alphaviruses have a positive-stranded RNA genome that can serve as the mRNA for translation of the polyprotein precursor that is autocatalytically processed to the four non-structural viral proteins by the virus-encoded protease in nsP2. The non-structural proteins form the transcription/replication complex. The nsP1 protein is implicated in capping of viral RNAs. The nsP2 gene encodes a putative helicase and a protease , which presents a unique fold distantly related to that of known cysteine proteases. This protease domain is linked to the downstream domain of degenerated O-methyltransferase fold that may regulate transcription/replication through RNA binding. The nsP3 protein is required for RNA replication. Its N-terminal sequence reveals a macro domain, the crystal structures of which have recently been determined (Malet et al., 2009). The nsP4 protein carries the viral RNA dependant RNA Polymerase (RdRP), the key activity for the viral replication/transcription. Unlike the RdRP of ...
Antibody or Hybridoma: anti-GP 5 of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strain I10 murine monoclonal antibody, clone Hy P10-a46-15 (CCLV-RIE 1175) (Monoclonal, Diagnostic reagent, Derived product, Antibody or Hybridoma, Antibody)
Antibody or Hybridoma: anti-GP 3 of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) murine monoclonal antibody, clone Hy P10-c40-c1 (CCLV-RIE 1167) (Monoclonal, Diagnostic reagent, Derived product, Antibody or Hybridoma, Antibody)
Methods: Objective 1 (Control of PRRSV) Sub objective 1.1) PRRSV Immunity and Vaccinology: understanding correlates of immunity and mechanisms to broaden protection(UMd, Ohio, UNL, VTech, UConn , UMN, UIUC, SDSU,BARC/ARS,NADC/ARS, ISU, KSU) This objective addresses PRRSV vaccinology research related to development of new generation vaccine formulations, and their evaluation in pigs based on understanding the immune correlates. Identifying the strategies by which the efficacy of modified live (PRRSV-MLV) and inactivated PRRS virus vaccine induced immune response could be improved, and in design of alternate approaches to effectively control PRRS and reduce its transmission in swine herds. (i) Identification of ideal PRRSV strains to use in new generation vaccines: Since the 1991 strain VR2332 is commonly used in the production of PRRSV-MLV vaccine, further research is warranted to evaluate other available PRRSV strains to use in design of better vaccine candidates. An ideal strategy appears to be ...
This report describes the clinical and pathological effects of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infection in three pig herds, showing that PRRSv infection increased the incidence of other common diseases in each case.
台灣豬隻疾病在 1975 年前較為單純,常見疾病,在病毒性疾病方面不外乎為豬瘟、日本腦炎、豬傳染性胃腸炎、假性狂犬病、豬水泡病和豬痘等;而細菌性疾病主要有豬萎縮性鼻炎、豬赤痢、豬白痢、豬水腫病和沙氏桿菌症等〔1〕。在診斷上相對亦較為容易,甚至只要有經驗的獸醫經由臨床症狀和肉眼解剖就能診斷出疾病來,而經由防治所獸醫送至行政院農業委員會家畜衛生試驗所豬隻檢體病材確診結果往往亦不謀而合。然而,今日台灣豬隻疾病種類繁多,疾病一旦侵入台灣,往往就根留台灣。在病毒性疾病除上述疾病外尚有豬流行性下痢、豬輪狀病毒感染症、豬小病毒症、豬流行性感冒、豬血球凝集性腦脊髓炎等〔2〕。而近十年來更新增不少豬隻病毒性疾病,例如 1992 年的豬生殖與呼吸綜合症(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus; PRRSV)〔7, ...
UNISTRAIN PRRS Live vaccine, Beeding females: -Active immunisation from farms affected with PRRS. -Reduce negative impact of PRRS virus infection on piglet performance. Pigs from 4 weeks of age: -Active immunisation of pigs affected with PRRS. -Reduce the virus load in lungs. -Reduce mortality and negative impact of infection.. ...
... in arterivirus replicase translation products ORF1a and ORF1ab In the equine arterivirus (EAV), the replicase gene is ... Equine+arterivirus+serine+peptidase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology v t ... Equine arterivirus serine peptidase (EC 3.4.21.114) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction ... "The arterivirus nsp4 protease is the prototype of a novel group of chymotrypsin-like enzymes, the 3C-like serine proteases". ...
This prediction was later confirmed by in vitro experiments for a number of coronavirus and arterivirus PLP domains, including ... In addition to deubiquitinating activity, coronavirus and arterivirus PLP domains have been identified as deISGylase enzymes, ... Snijder, Eric J.; Kikkert, Marjolein; Fang, Ying (1 October 2013). "Arterivirus molecular biology and pathogenesis". Journal of ... "Arterivirus Subgenomic mRNA Synthesis and Virion Biogenesis Depend on the Multifunctional nsp1 Autoprotease". Journal of ...
EVA is caused by an arterivirus called equine arteritis virus (EAV). Arteriviruses are small, enveloped, animal viruses with an ... As well as equine arteritis virus the Arterivirus family includes porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), ... "Zn2+ Inhibits Coronavirus and Arterivirus RNA Polymerase Activity In Vitro and Zinc Ionophores Block the Replication of These ...
The recent molecular analysis of the virus revealed its similarities with Arterivirus and coronaviruses, which led to the ... inclusion of the Torovirus along with the Arterivirus in the previously monogeneric Coronaviridae. At present, toroviruses are ... Torovirus and Arterivirus genera. Archives of virology, 135(1-2), 227-237. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01309782 Ivanov K.A., ...
"Novel Arterivirus Associated with Outbreak of Fatal Encephalitis in European Hedgehogs, England, 2019". Emerg Infect Dis. 27 (2 ...
In 1957 equine arterivirus and the cause of Bovine virus diarrhoea (a pestivirus) were discovered. In 1963 the hepatitis B ...
10 November 2015). "In the family Arteriviridae create 10 species (1 unassigned, 9 in the genus Arterivirus) and rename one ...
"Zn2+ Inhibits Coronavirus and Arterivirus RNA Polymerase Activity In Vitro and Zinc Ionophores Block the Replication of These ...
"Zn2+ Inhibits Coronavirus and Arterivirus RNA Polymerase Activity In Vitro and Zinc Ionophores Block the Replication of These ...
... inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these ...
... equine arterivirus was discovered. In the 1950s, improvements in virus isolation and detection methods resulted in the ...
... arterivirus MeSH B04.909.777.500.080.500.100 - arteritis virus, equine MeSH B04.909.777.500.080.500.500 - lactate dehydrogenase ... arterivirus MeSH B04.820.504.080.100.100 - arteritis virus, equine MeSH B04.820.504.080.100.500 - lactate dehydrogenase- ...
... arterivirus infections MeSH C02.782.600.100.700 - porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome MeSH C02.782.600.550 - ...
... equine arterivirus serine peptidase EC 3.4.21.115: infectious pancreatic necrosis birnavirus Vp4 peptidase EC 3.4.21.116: ... equine arterivirus serine peptidase EC 3.4.21.115: infectious pancreatic necrosis birnavirus Vp4 peptidase EC 3.4.21.116: ...
Arterivirus molecular biology and pathogenesis Eric J Snijder 1 , Marjolein Kikkert 1 , Ying Fang 2 3 ... Arterivirus molecular biology and pathogenesis Eric J Snijder et al. J Gen Virol. 2013 Oct. ... Structural Biology of the Arterivirus nsp11 Endoribonucleases. Zhang M, Li X, Deng Z, Chen Z, Liu Y, Gao Y, Wu W, Chen Z. Zhang ... Biogenesis and architecture of arterivirus replication organelles. van der Hoeven B, Oudshoorn D, Koster AJ, Snijder EJ, ...
Vanmechelen B, Vergote V, Laenen L, Koundouno FR, Bore JA, Wada J, et al. Expanding the arterivirus host spectrum: Oliviers ... Arterivirus molecular biology and pathogenesis. J Gen Virol. 2013;94:2141-63. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ... Novel Arterivirus Associated with Outbreak of Fatal Encephalitis in European Hedgehogs, England, 2019 On This Page ... Novel Arterivirus Associated with Outbreak of Fatal Encephalitis in European Hedgehogs, England, 2019. Emerging Infectious ...
arterivirus , Journal of Virology. Evidence for Gene Duplication during Arterivirus Evolution E. K. Godeny, A. A. F. de Vries, ... The arterivirus nsp1 region contains a tandem of papain-like autoprotease domains (PCP α and PCP β ), and the arterivirus PCP α ... Equine arterivirus serine peptidase. ... in arterivirus replicase translation products ORF1a and ORF1ab In the equine ... ASMscience , The Arterivirus Replicas. This chapter focuses on the arterivirus proteins that are involved in genome replication ...
Vanmechelen B, Vergote V, Laenen L, Koundouno FR, Bore JA, Wada J, et al. Expanding the arterivirus host spectrum: Oliviers ... Arterivirus molecular biology and pathogenesis. J Gen Virol. 2013;94:2141-63. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ... Novel Arterivirus Associated with Outbreak of Fatal Encephalitis in European Hedgehogs, England, 2019 On This Page ... Novel Arterivirus Associated with Outbreak of Fatal Encephalitis in European Hedgehogs, England, 2019. Emerging Infectious ...
Functional analysis of the porcine USP18 and its role during porcine arterivirus replication. Ait-Ali, T., Wilson, A., ...
Cecere, T.E.; Todd, S.M.; Leroith, T. Regulatory t cells in arterivirus and coronavirus infections: Do they protect against ...
The mechanism of arterivirus cell entry has not been fully elucidated, although these viruses are thought to enter cells ... Fully Automated Cell Culture System Increases the Efficiency and Consistency of Arterivirus Plaque Assays. Thursday, November ...
Arterivirus Nsp11 N-terminal/coronavirus NSP15 middle (AV-Nsp11N/CoV-Nsp15M) domain profile. .... RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ... Arterivirus Nsp11 N-terminal/coronavirus NSP15 middle (AV-Nsp11N/CoV-Nsp15M) domain profile. / Nidovirus RdRp-associated ...
Arterivirus Nsp11 N-terminal/coronavirus NSP15 middle (AV-Nsp11N/CoV-Nsp15M) domain profile. / Nidoviral uridylate-specific ...
Arterivirus B04.820.504.080.500.100 Equartevirus B04.820.504.080.500.500 Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus B04.820.504.080. ...
te Velthuis AJW, van den Worm SHE, Sims AC, Baric RS, Snijder EJ, van Hemert MJ. Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus ...
Biogenesis and architecture of arterivirus replication organelles. van der Hoeven B, Oudshoorn D, Koster AJ, Snijder EJ, ... Ultrastructural characterization of arterivirus replication structures: reshaping the endoplasmic reticulum to accommodate ...
In addition to SHFV, the arterivirus family includes Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which causes ... Previously, only nine genome sequences, known as transcription regulatory sequences (TRSs), were reported for the arterivirus ...
Eric J. Snijder - J. Virology 2011 Structure and genetic analysis of the arterivirus nonstructural protein 7α Ethan Merritt The ...
Arterivirus Preferred Term Term UI T053868. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1994). ... Arterivirus Preferred Concept UI. M0027204. Related Numbers. txid38143. Scope Note. A genus of the family ARTERIVIRIDAE, in the ... Arterivirus [B04.820.578.500.080.500] * Equartevirus [B04.820.578.500.080.500.100] * Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus [ ... infection = ARTERIVIRUS INFECTIONS. Scope Note. A genus of the family ARTERIVIRIDAE, in the order NIDOVIRALES. The type species ...
The porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV), an economically important arterivirus first isolated in 1991 ...
3) AJW t Velthuis, SHE v-d Worm, AC Sims et al., "Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase. activity in vitro ...
Arterivirus (organism) {370583003 , SNOMED-CT } Parent/Child (Relationship Type) Equine arteritis virus (organism) {20225009 , ...
te Velthuis AJ, van den Worml SH, Sims AC, Baric RS, Snijder EJ and van Hemert MJ: Zn2+ inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus ...
Arterivirus Preferred Term Term UI T053868. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1994). ... Arterivirus Preferred Concept UI. M0027204. Related Numbers. txid38143. Scope Note. A genus of the family ARTERIVIRIDAE, in the ... Arterivirus [B04.820.578.500.080.500] * Equartevirus [B04.820.578.500.080.500.100] * Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus [ ... infection = ARTERIVIRUS INFECTIONS. Scope Note. A genus of the family ARTERIVIRIDAE, in the order NIDOVIRALES. The type species ...
Tian D, Wei Z, Zevenhoven-Dobbe JC, Liu R, Tong G, Snijder EJ, Yuan S. Arterivirus minor envelope proteins are a major ... Heterodimerization of the two major proteins is essential for arterivirus infectivity. J Virol. 2003, 77:97-104. Snijder EJ, ... porcine arterivirus). In: 10th ed. Diseases of swine, Ed. Wiley-Blackwell. 2012, 31:463-86. ... Kikkert M, Fang Y. Arterivirus molecular biology and pathogenesis. J Gen Virol. 2013, 94:2141-63. ...
Simian Arterivirus Causing Fatal Hemorrhagic Fevers Acquired Mutations Needed to Transition to Humans. ... Simian Arterivirus Causing Fatal Hemorrhagic Fevers Acquired Mutations Needed to Transition to Humans ... Simian Arterivirus Causing Fatal Hemorrhagic Fevers Acquired Mutations Needed to Transition to Humans - https://debuglies.com ...
The concept includes ARTERIVIRUS INFECTIONS and CORONAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.. Annotation:. general or unspecified; prefer ... El concepto incluye las INFECCIONES POR ARTERIVIRUS y las INFECCIONES POR CORONAVIRIDAE.. ...
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is caused by an arterivirus ...
keywords = "Arterivirus, HIC, Inhibitor of MyoD family-a (I-mfa) domain-containing protein, Nucleocapsid, PRRS virus (PRRSV), ...
Marshall, V. A., Labo, N., Hao, X. P., Holdridge, B., Thompson, M., Miley, W., Brands, C., Coalter, V., Kiser, R., Anver, M., Golubeva, Y., Warner, A., Jaffe, E. S., Piatak, M., Wong, S. W., Ohlen, C., MacAllister, R., Smedley, J., Deleage, C., Del Prete, G. Q. & 3 others, Lifson, J. D., Estes, J. D. & Whitby, D., Jul 2018, In: PLoS pathogens. 14, 7, e1007130.. Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review ...
  • The PRRS virus is an enveloped RNA virus in the genus Arterivirus, classified in the virus family, Arteriviridae. (iastate.edu)
  • PRRSV is an RNA virus and belongs to the order Nidovirales, family Arteriviridae and the genus Arterivirus. (loinc.org)
  • Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV) which belongs to the genus Arterivirus of the family Arteriviridae , is the most economically significant disease effecting commercially bred pigs world-wide [ 1 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • PRRSV is a positive-stranded RNA virus belonging to the genus Arterivirus of the family Arteriviridae within the order Nidovirale [ 11 , 12 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • It is caused by virus classified as a member of the genus Arterivirus. (studyiq.com)
  • Simian hemorrhagic fever, an arterivirus that is already endemic in wild African primates and mostly impacts macaque monkeys, may have the potential to become the next monkeypox or even the next HIV in the future, researchers say. (ctvnews.ca)
  • We used next-generation sequencing to identify a novel arterivirus with a genome coding sequence of only 43% similarity to existing GenBank arterivirus sequences. (cdc.gov)
  • The arterivirus genome is composed of a single, 12-16 kb, polyadenylated, RNA strand that contains 2 major genomic regions. (cdc.gov)
  • We describe the disease history, histopathology, and the near complete genome sequence of a novel arterivirus, hedgehog arterivirus 1 (HhAV-1). (cdc.gov)
  • The arterivirus study group has now organized the viral species into 11 different categories (genera) that should facilitate nomenclature of any newly discovered arteriviruses. (usda.gov)
  • Genomic organization of hedgehog arterivirus-1. (cdc.gov)
  • Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these viruses in cell culture. (asai.ie)
  • Van den Blocke was born in Königsberg (today Kaliningrad), Ducal 4 Nov 2010 inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these viruses in cell culture. (web.app)
  • Just because we haven't diagnosed a human arterivirus infection yet doesn't mean that no human has been exposed. (koamnewsnow.com)
  • The presented data about the minor glycoproteins of the EAV may facilitate studies on the Arterivirus entry. (fu-berlin.de)
  • A new U.S. NIH sponsored study has shockingly found that a primate hemorrhagic fever-causing arterivirus from Africa has acquired the necessary mutations to cross over into the human species using the CD162 receptors for cellular entry. (thailandmedical.news)
  • The type species of the genus ARTERIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of an important equine respiratory disease causing abortion, pneumonia, or other infections. (lookformedical.com)
  • Infections caused by viruses of the genus ARTERIVIRUS. (lookformedical.com)
  • The concept includes ARTERIVIRUS INFECTIONS and CORONAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS . (bvsalud.org)
  • Simian hemorrhagic fever virus is an arterivirus that naturally infects species of African nonhuman primates causing acute or persistent asymptomatic infections. (omicsdi.org)
  • In addition to SHFV, the arterivirus family includes Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which causes disease in pigs, and Equine arteritis virus (EAV), which causes disease in horses. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an arterivirus of the Arteriviridae family. (semanticscholar.org)
  • Conzelmann K.K., Visser N., Van Woensel P., Thiel H.J., Molecular characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, a member of the arterivirus group, Virology 193 (1993) 329-339. (vetres.org)
  • Previously, only nine genome sequences, known as transcription regulatory sequences (TRSs), were reported for the arterivirus Simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV), which infects monkeys. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • The mechanism of arterivirus cell entry has not been fully elucidated, although these viruses are thought to enter cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis. (nih.gov)
  • Again, especially in the number of these side effects in general practice and arterivirus rna viruses. (pdccreative.com)
  • A species of ARTERIVIRUS causing reproductive and respiratory disease in pigs. (lookformedical.com)
  • A species ARTERIVIRUS, occurring in a number of transplantable mouse tumors. (lookformedical.com)
  • El virus del PRRS tiene un tropismo extremadamente restringido para algunas subpoblaciones de macrófagos que pueden encontrarse en pulmón, placenta y órganos linfoides. (prrscontrol.com)
  • Recientes estudios señalan que el virus del PRRS también es capaz de infectar y replicarse en otros subtipos celulares, tales como las células dendríticas derivadas de médula ósea o de monocitos. (prrscontrol.com)
  • Hasta la fecha, el CD163 se considera como el principal receptor que media en la internalización del virus y el desenvolvimiento. (prrscontrol.com)
  • Inicialmente, la replicación del virus ocurre en los macrófagos permisivos locales, predominantemente en el pulmón. (prrscontrol.com)
  • El virus puede detectarse en sangre (viremia) en horas (6-12h. (prrscontrol.com)
  • Tras la fase de viremia, el virus se puede encontrar confinado durante largo tiempo en los órganos linfoides secundarios, manteniendo un nivel de replicación bajo. (prrscontrol.com)
  • En algunos casos, el antígeno ha podido ser detectado hasta 251 días tras la infección y el virus infectivo hasta 157 tras la infección. (prrscontrol.com)
  • En los pulmones, las células que mantienen principalmente la replicación del virus son los macrófagos alveolares y los macrófagos intravasculares . (prrscontrol.com)
  • El virus compromete sus funciones y provoca la infiltración de células inflamatorias y la consecuente neumonía intersticial, la cual, junto con el engrosamiento de los linfonodos, son las lesiones más comunes en la infección por el virus del PRRS. (prrscontrol.com)
  • En este sentido, es importante subrayar que ninguna de estas lesiones es exclusiva de este virus. (prrscontrol.com)
  • El virus del PRRS puede participar como agente primario en el complejo respiratorio porcino (CRP). (prrscontrol.com)
  • En los casos clínicos del CRP, es el virus que se aísla más frecuentemente. (prrscontrol.com)
  • Además, el virus cruza la barrera placentaria de forma mucho más eficiente en el último tercio de la gestación (después del día 85, aproximadamente), a través de macrófagos infectados. (prrscontrol.com)