Arteriosclerosis. Medical search

Common occlusive arterial disease which is caused by ATHEROSCLEROSIS. It is characterized by lesions in the innermost layer (ARTERIAL INTIMA) of arteries including the AORTA and its branches to the extremities. Risk factors include smoking, HYPERLIPIDEMIA, and HYPERTENSION.

Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.

The transference of a heart from one human or animal to another.

Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION; transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and HEMIPARESIS.

Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals.

Transplantation of tissue typical of one area to a different recipient site. The tissue may be autologous, heterologous, or homologous.

The main trunk of the systemic arteries.

An immune response with both cellular and humoral components, directed against an allogeneic transplant, whose tissue antigens are not compatible with those of the recipient.

The aorta from the DIAPHRAGM to the bifurcation into the right and left common iliac arteries.

The innermost layer of an artery or vein, made up of one layer of endothelial cells and supported by an internal elastic lamina.

Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.

The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels.

The veins and arteries of the HEART.

A non-atherosclerotic, inflammatory thrombotic disease that commonly involves small and medium-sized arteries or veins in the extremities. It is characterized by occlusive THROMBOSIS and FIBROSIS in the vascular wall leading to digital and limb ISCHEMIA and ulcerations. Thromboangiitis obliterans is highly associated with tobacco smoking.

Either of the two principal arteries on both sides of the neck that supply blood to the head and neck; each divides into two branches, the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery.

The immune responses of a host to a graft. A specific response is GRAFT REJECTION.

The vessels carrying blood away from the heart.

Pathological processes involving any part of the AORTA.

Transference of a tissue or organ from either an alive or deceased donor, within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species.

Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.

A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).

The inferior and superior venae cavae.

The portion of the descending aorta proceeding from the arch of the aorta and extending to the DIAPHRAGM, eventually connecting to the ABDOMINAL AORTA.

Hardening of the KIDNEY due to infiltration by fibrous connective tissue (FIBROSIS), usually caused by renovascular diseases or chronic HYPERTENSION. Nephrosclerosis leads to renal ISCHEMIA.

A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.

The region of the lower limb between the FOOT and the LEG.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Comparison of the BLOOD PRESSURE between the BRACHIAL ARTERY and the POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY. It is a predictor of PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE.

The new and thickened layer of scar tissue that forms on a PROSTHESIS, or as a result of vessel injury especially following ANGIOPLASTY or stent placement.

Inflammation of any one of the blood vessels, including the ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.

An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.

A cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme primarily expressed in skeletal muscle (MUSCLES, SKELETAL). EC 4.2.1.-

A branch of the abdominal aorta which supplies the kidneys, adrenal glands and ureters.

A mixture of solid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It has a wide range of uses including as a stiffening agent in ointments, as a lubricant, and as a topical anti-inflammatory. It is also commonly used as an embedding material in histology.

Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of INTERLEUKINS and other CYTOKINES are emerging.

Transplantation between genetically identical individuals, i.e., members of the same species with identical histocompatibility antigens, such as monozygotic twins, members of the same inbred strain, or members of a hybrid population produced by crossing certain inbred strains.

Any of the tubular vessels conveying the blood (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins).

The rhythmical expansion and contraction of an ARTERY produced by waves of pressure caused by the ejection of BLOOD from the left ventricle of the HEART as it contracts.

Loss of vascular ELASTICITY due to factors such as AGING; and ARTERIOSCLEROSIS. Increased arterial stiffness is one of the RISK FACTORS for many CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.

Antibodies from an individual that react with ISOANTIGENS of another individual of the same species.

The main artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS.

Non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cells found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They are derived from specialized myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, SMOOTH MUSCLE).

The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.

Death and putrefaction of tissue usually due to a loss of blood supply.

A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The study, based on direct observation, use of statistical records, interviews, or experimental methods, of actual practices or the actual impact of practices or policies.

Postmortem examination of the body.

Cholesterol present in food, especially in animal products.

Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

The middle layer of blood vessel walls, composed principally of thin, cylindrical, smooth muscle cells and elastic tissue. It accounts for the bulk of the wall of most arteries. The smooth muscle cells are arranged in circular layers around the vessel, and the thickness of the coat varies with the size of the vessel.

A diet that contributes to the development and acceleration of ATHEROGENESIS.

The vessels carrying blood away from the capillary beds.

A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. It is produced by LEUKOCYTES of both monocyte and lymphocyte lineage and by FIBROBLASTS during tissue injury. It has specificity for CCR2 RECEPTORS.

A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.

A peptidyl-dipeptidase that catalyzes the release of a C-terminal dipeptide, -Xaa-*-Xbb-Xcc, when neither Xaa nor Xbb is Pro. It is a Cl(-)-dependent, zinc glycoprotein that is generally membrane-bound and active at neutral pH. It may also have endopeptidase activity on some substrates. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.4.15.1.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

The inferior part of the lower extremity between the KNEE and the ANKLE.

Highly specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that line the HEART; BLOOD VESSELS; and lymph vessels, forming the ENDOTHELIUM. They are polygonal in shape and joined together by TIGHT JUNCTIONS. The tight junctions allow for variable permeability to specific macromolecules that are transported across the endothelial layer.

Radiography of blood vessels after injection of a contrast medium.

The continuation of the axillary artery; it branches into the radial and ulnar arteries.

The arterial blood vessels supplying the CEREBRUM.

Transference of an organ between individuals of the same species or between individuals of different species.

A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR), lymph vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, LYMPHATIC), and the serous cavities of the body.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

An adhesion-promoting leukocyte surface membrane heterodimer. The alpha subunit consists of the CD11b ANTIGEN and the beta subunit the CD18 ANTIGEN. The antigen, which is an integrin, functions both as a receptor for complement 3 and in cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesive interactions.

An NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-ARGININE and OXYGEN to produce CITRULLINE and NITRIC OXIDE.

The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.

Therapy for the insufficient cleansing of the BLOOD by the kidneys based on dialysis and including hemodialysis, PERITONEAL DIALYSIS, and HEMODIAFILTRATION.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

The removal of a limb or other appendage or outgrowth of the body. (Dorland, 28th ed)

A strain of Rattus norvegicus used as a normotensive control for the spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR).

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.

A group of intracellular-signaling serine threonine kinases that bind to RHO GTP-BINDING PROTEINS. They were originally found to mediate the effects of rhoA GTP-BINDING PROTEIN on the formation of STRESS FIBERS and FOCAL ADHESIONS. Rho-associated kinases have specificity for a variety of substrates including MYOSIN-LIGHT-CHAIN PHOSPHATASE and LIM KINASES.

Obstruction of flow in biological or prosthetic vascular grafts.

The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.

Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults.

Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.

A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

The transference of a kidney from one human or animal to another.

A family of non-enveloped viruses infecting mammals (MASTADENOVIRUS) and birds (AVIADENOVIRUS) or both (ATADENOVIRUS). Infections may be asymptomatic or result in a variety of diseases.

Mitogenic peptide growth hormone carried in the alpha-granules of platelets. It is released when platelets adhere to traumatized tissues. Connective tissue cells near the traumatized region respond by initiating the process of replication.

Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES).

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension.

Substances that reduce or suppress INFLAMMATION.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

Lipid-protein complexes involved in the transportation and metabolism of lipids in the body. They are spherical particles consisting of a hydrophobic core of TRIGLYCERIDES and CHOLESTEROL ESTERS surrounded by a layer of hydrophilic free CHOLESTEROL; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; and APOLIPOPROTEINS. Lipoproteins are classified by their varying buoyant density and sizes.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

A class of lipoproteins of small size (18-25 nm) and light (1.019-1.063 g/ml) particles with a core composed mainly of CHOLESTEROL ESTERS and smaller amounts of TRIGLYCERIDES. The surface monolayer consists mostly of PHOSPHOLIPIDS, a single copy of APOLIPOPROTEIN B-100, and free cholesterol molecules. The main LDL function is to transport cholesterol and cholesterol esters to extrahepatic tissues.

A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.

A class of protein components which can be found in several lipoproteins including HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; and CHYLOMICRONS. Synthesized in most organs, Apo E is important in the global transport of lipids and cholesterol throughout the body. Apo E is also a ligand for LDL receptors (RECEPTORS, LDL) that mediates the binding, internalization, and catabolism of lipoprotein particles in cells. There are several allelic isoforms (such as E2, E3, and E4). Deficiency or defects in Apo E are causes of HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE III.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

The development of new BLOOD VESSELS during the restoration of BLOOD CIRCULATION during the healing process.

Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

Techniques and strategies which include the use of coding sequences and other conventional or radical means to transform or modify cells for the purpose of treating or reversing disease conditions.

Mature LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES transported by the blood to the body's extravascular space. They are morphologically distinguishable from mature granulocytic leukocytes by their large, non-lobed nuclei and lack of coarse, heavily stained cytoplasmic granules.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

Donor MHC and adhesion molecules in transplant arteriosclerosis. (1/6134)

Transplant-associated arteriosclerosis remains an obstacle to long-term graft survival. To determine the contribution to transplant arteriosclerosis of MHC and adhesion molecules from cells of the donor vasculature, we allografted carotid artery loops from six mutant mouse strains into immunocompetent CBA/CaJ recipients. The donor mice were deficient in either MHC I molecules or MHC II molecules, both MHC I and MHC II molecules, the adhesion molecule P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, or both P-selectin and ICAM-1. Donor arteries in which ICAM-1, MHC II, or both MHC I and MHC II were absent showed reductions in neointima formation of 52%, 33%, and 38%, respectively, due primarily to a reduction in smooth muscle cell (SMC) accumulation. In P-selectin-deficient donor arteries, neointima formation did not differ from that in controls. In donor arteries lacking both P-selectin and ICAM-1, the size of the neointima was similar to that in those lacking ICAM-1 alone. In contrast, neointima formation increased by 52% in MHC I-deficient donor arteries. The number of CD4-positive T cells increased by 2.8-fold in MHC I-deficient arteries, and that of alpha-actin-positive SMCs by twofold. These observations indicate that ICAM-1 and MHC II molecules expressed in the donor vessel wall may promote transplant-associated arteriosclerosis. MHC I molecules expressed in the donor may have a protective effect. (+info)

Blocking very late antigen-4 integrin decreases leukocyte entry and fatty streak formation in mice fed an atherogenic diet. (2/6134)

Atherosclerotic lesion development is characterized by the recruitment of leukocytes, principally monocytes, to the vessel wall. Considerable interest has been focused on the adhesion molecule(s) involved in leukocyte/endothelial interactions. The goal of the present study was to determine the role of the very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) integrin/ligand interaction in fatty streak development using murine models. Because alpha4 null mice are not viable, a peptidomimetic was used to block VLA-4-mediated leukocyte binding. The ability of a synthetic peptidomimetic of connecting segment-1 (CS-1 peptide) to block the recruitment of leukocytes and the accumulation of lipid in the aortic sinus of either wild-type mice (strain C57BL/6J) or mice with a low-density lipoprotein null mutation (LDLR-/-) maintained on an atherogenic diet was assessed. The active (Ac) CS-1 peptide or scrambled (Sc) CS-1 peptide was delivered subcutaneously into mice using a mini osmotic pump. Mice were exposed to the peptide for 24 to 36 hours before the onset of the atherogenic diet. In C57BL/6J mice, leukocyte entry into the aortic sinus, as assessed by en face preparations, was inhibited by the active peptide (Ac=28+/-4, Sc=54+/-6 monocytes/valve; P=0.004). Additionally, frozen sections stained with Oil Red O were analyzed to assess lipid accumulation in the aortic sinus. C57BL/6J mice that received the (Ac) compound demonstrated significantly reduced lesion areas as compared with mice that received the (Sc) peptide (Ac=4887+/-4438 microm2, Sc=15 009 +/-5619 microm2; P<0.0001). In a separate study, LDLR-/- mice were implanted with pumps containing either the (Ac) or (Sc) peptide before initiation of the atherogenic diet. Because LDLR-/- mice fed a chow diet displayed small lesions at 14 weeks, the effects of the peptide seen in these animals represented a change in early lipid accumulation rather than initiation. By using whole-mount preparations, the (Ac) but not the (Sc) peptide significantly reduced the area of lipid accumulation in the aortic sinus, resulting in an approximate 66% decrease. Plasma analysis from all studies revealed concentrations of peptide to be present at levels previously determined by in vitro analysis to block adhesion. (Ac) CS-1 peptide, which blocks VLA-4 on the leukocyte surface, is effective in reducing leukocyte recruitment and lipid accumulation in the aortic sinus. The present study provides in vivo evidence that the VLA-4 integrin plays an important role in the initiation of the atherosclerotic lesion and lipid accumulation, and it suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for this disease. (+info)

Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and associated risk factors in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. (3/6134)

Studies of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in minority populations provide researchers with an opportunity to evaluate PAD risk factors and disease severity under different types of conditions. Examination 1 of the Strong Heart Study (1989-1992) provided data on the prevalence of PAD and its risk factors in a sample of American Indians. Participants (N = 4,549) represented 13 tribes located in three geographically diverse centers in the Dakotas, Oklahoma, and Arizona. Participants in this epidemiologic study were aged 45-74 years; 60% were women. Using the single criterion of an ankle brachial index less than 0.9 to define PAD, the prevalence of PAD was approximately 5.3% across centers, with women having slightly higher rates than men. Factors significantly associated with PAD in univariate analyses for both men and women included age, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c level, albuminuria, fibrinogen level, fasting glucose level, prevalence of diabetes mellitus, and duration of diabetes. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to predict PAD for women and men combined. Age, systolic blood pressure, current cigarette smoking, pack-years of smoking, albuminuria (micro- and macro-), low density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and fibrinogen level were significantly positively associated with PAD. Current alcohol consumption was significantly negatively associated with PAD. In American Indians, the association of albuminuria with PAD may equal or exceed the association of cigarette smoking with PAD. (+info)

Chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerosis. (4/6134)

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature for evidence that chronic infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae is associated with atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndromes. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and Institute of Science and Information bibliographic databases were searched at the end of September 1998. Indexing terms used were chlamydi*, heart, coronary, and atherosclerosis. Serological and pathological studies published as papers in any language since 1988 or abstracts since 1997 were selected. DATA EXTRACTION: It was assumed that chronic C pneumoniae infection is characterised by the presence of both specific IgG and IgA, and serological studies were examined for associations that fulfilled these criteria. Pathological studies were also reviewed for evidence that the presence of C pneumoniae in diseased vessels is associated with the severity and extent of atherosclerosis. DATA SYNTHESIS: The majority of serological studies have shown an association between C pneumoniae and atherosclerosis. However, the number of cases in studies that have reported a positive association when using strict criteria for chronic infection is similar to the number of cases in studies which found no association. Nevertheless, the organism is widely found in atherosclerotic vessels, although it may not be at all diseased sites and is not confined to the most severe lesions. Rabbit models and preliminary antibiotic trials suggest that the organism might exacerbate atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION: More evidence is required before C pneumoniae can be accepted as playing a role in atherosclerosis. Although use of antibiotics in routine practice is not justified, large scale trials in progress will help to elucidate the role of C pneumoniae. (+info)

Expression and cellular localization of the CC chemokines PARC and ELC in human atherosclerotic plaques. (5/6134)

Local immune responses are thought to play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Histological studies have shown that human atherosclerotic lesions contain T lymphocytes throughout all stages of development, many of which are in an activated state. A number of novel CC chemokines have been described recently, which are potent chemoattractants for lymphocytes: PARC (pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine), ELC (EBI1-ligand chemokine), LARC (liver and activation-regulated chemokine), and SLC (secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine). Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization, we have found gene expression for PARC and ELC but not for LARC or SLC in human atherosclerotic plaques. Immunohistochemical staining of serial plaque sections with specific cell markers revealed highly different expression patterns of PARC and ELC. PARC mRNA was restricted to CD68+ macrophages (n = 14 of 18), whereas ELC mRNA was widely expressed by macrophages and intimal smooth muscle cells (SMC) in nearly all of the lesions examined (n = 12 of 14). ELC mRNA was also found to be expressed in the medial SMC wall of highly calcified plaques (n = 4). Very low levels of ELC mRNA expression could also be detected in normal mammary arteries but no mRNA expression for PARC was detected in these vessels (n = 4). In vitro, ELC mRNA was found to be up-regulated in aortic SMC stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-a and interferon-gamma but not in SMC stimulated with serum. Both PARC and ELC mRNA were expressed by monocyte-derived macrophages but not monocytes. The expression patterns of PARC and ELC mRNA in human atherosclerotic lesions suggest a potential role for these two recently described CC chemokines in attracting T lymphocytes into atherosclerotic lesions. (+info)

Suppression of atherosclerotic development in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits treated with an oral antiallergic drug, tranilast. (6/6134)

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory and immunological responses of vascular cells have been shown to play a significant role in the progression of atheromatous formation. Tranilast [N-(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl) anthranillic acid] inhibits release of cytokines and chemical mediators from various cells, including macrophages, leading to suppression of inflammatory and immunological responses. This study tested whether tranilast may suppress atheromatous formation in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits. METHODS AND RESULTS: WHHL rabbits (2 months old) were given either 300 mg x kg-1 x d-1 of tranilast (Tranilast, n=12) or vehicle (Control, n=13) PO for 6 months. Tranilast treatment was found to suppress the aortic area covered with plaque. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that there was no difference in the percentage of the RAM11-positive macrophage area and the frequency of CD5-positive cells (T cells) in intimal plaques between Tranilast and Control. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression in macrophages and interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor expression in T cells, as markers of the immunological activation in these cells, was suppressed in atheromatous plaque by tranilast treatment. Flow cytometry analysis of isolated human and rabbit peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed that an increase in expression both of MHC class II antigen on monocytes by incubation with interferon-gamma and of IL-2 receptor on T cells by IL-2 was suppressed by the combined incubation with tranilast. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that tranilast suppresses atherosclerotic development partly through direct inhibition of immunological activation of monocytes/macrophages and T cells in the atheromatous plaque. (+info)

Expression of stromelysin-3 in atherosclerotic lesions: regulation via CD40-CD40 ligand signaling in vitro and in vivo. (7/6134)

Stromelysin-3 is an unusual matrix metalloproteinase, being released in the active rather than zymogen form and having a distinct substrate specificity, targeting serine proteinase inhibitors (serpins), which regulate cellular functions involved in atherosclerosis. We report here that human atherosclerotic plaques (n = 7) express stromelysin-3 in situ, whereas fatty streaks (n = 5) and normal arterial specimens (n = 5) contain little or no stromelysin-3. Stromelysin-3 mRNA and protein colocalized with endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages within the lesion. In vitro, usual inducers of matrix metalloproteinases such as interleukin-1, interferon-gamma, or tumor necrosis factor alpha did not augment stromelysin-3 in vascular wall cells. However, T cell-derived as well as recombinant CD40 ligand (CD40L, CD154), an inflammatory mediator recently localized in atheroma, induced de novo synthesis of stromelysin-3. In addition, stromelysin-3 mRNA and protein colocalized with CD40L and CD40 within atheroma. In accordance with the in situ and in vitro data obtained with human material, interruption of the CD40-CD40L signaling pathway in low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient hyperlipidemic mice substantially decreased expression of the enzyme within atherosclerotic plaques. These observations establish the expression of the unusual matrix metalloproteinase stromelysin-3 in human atherosclerotic lesions and implicate CD40-CD40L signaling in its regulation, thus providing a possible new pathway that triggers complications within atherosclerotic lesions. (+info)

High-resolution intravascular magnetic resonance imaging: monitoring of plaque formation in heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. (8/6134)

BACKGROUND: The individual makeup of atherosclerotic plaque has been identified as a dominant prognostic factor. With the use of an intravascular magnetic resonance (MR) catheter coil, we evaluated the effectiveness of high-resolution MR in the study of the development of atherosclerotic lesions in heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixteen hyperlipidemic rabbits were investigated at the ages of 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. The aorta was studied with digital subtraction angiography and high-resolution MR with the use of a surface coil and an intravascular coil that consisted of a single-loop copper wire integrated in a 5F balloon catheter. Images were correlated with histological sections regarding wall thickness, plaque area, and plaque components. Digital subtraction angiography revealed no abnormalities in the 6- and 12-month-old rabbits and only mild stenoses in the 24- and 36-month-old rabbits. High-resolution imaging with surface coils resulted in an in-plane resolution of 234x468 microm. Delineation of the vessel wall was not possible in younger rabbits and correlated only poorly with microscopic measurements in the 36-month-old rabbits. Intravascular images achieved an in-plane resolution of 117x156 microm. Increasing thickness of the aortic wall and plaque area was observed with increasing age. In the 24- and 36-month-old animals, calcification could be differentiated from fibrous and fatty tissue on the basis of the T2-fast spin echo images, as confirmed by histological correlation. CONCLUSIONS: Atherosclerotic evolution of hyperlipidemic rabbits can be monitored with high-resolution intravascular MR imaging. Image quality is sufficient to determine wall thickness and plaque area and to differentiate plaque components. (+info)

Hyperplastic: Hyperplastic arteriosclerosis refers to the type of arteriosclerosis that affects large and medium-sized arteries ... Arteriosclerosis is the thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries. This process gradually ... Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis or medial calcific sclerosis is seen mostly in the elderly, commonly in arteries of the ... Hyaline type: Hyaline arteriosclerosis, also referred to as arterial hyalinosis and arteriolar hyalinosis, refers to lesions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteriosclerosis

Arteriosclerosis Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis Skin lesion James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' ... Arteriosclerosis obliterans is an occlusive arterial disease most prominently affecting the abdominal aorta and the small- and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteriosclerosis_obliterans

Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis, or Mönckeberg's sclerosis, is a form of arteriosclerosis or vessel hardening, where calcium ... evidence of inflammation is rare in Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis. Often Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis is discovered as an ... The existence of Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis has been disputed and it has been proposed that it is a part of a continuum of ... "Mönckeberg arteriosclerosis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary Micheletti RG, Fishbein GA, Currier JS, Singer EJ, Fishbein MC ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monckeberg's_arteriosclerosis

... (ATVB) is a peer-reviewed medical journal published on behalf of the ... From 1991 to 1994 it was published monthly under the title Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis: A Journal of Vascular Biology (ISSN ... The journal was established in 1981 as Arteriosclerosis (ISSN 0276-5047), which was published bimonthly. ... Clarivate Analytics, 2021). "About Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology". American Heart Association. Open Access ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteriosclerosis,_Thrombosis,_and_Vascular_Biology

The Minnesota Coronary Survey". Arteriosclerosis. 9 (1): 129-35. doi:10.1161/01.atv.9.1.129. PMID 2643423. S2CID 1026879. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoprotein

arteriosclerosis; II. enlarged prostate. Certified by D.T. Anderson M.B. Informant Dinah Williams, present at the death, ... arteriosclerosis and enlarged prostate. Unknown work (1886), Leeds Society of Artists exhibition. (Attribution, M.A.H. Willson ...

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"arteriosclerosis". RAE.es (in Spanish). Real Academia Española. Retrieved 31 March 2017. "electrodoméstico". RAE.es (in Spanish ... all of the Spanish nouns except for arteriosclerosis can be pluralised by adding an s (es for internacionalizaciones) to the ...

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Wagner DD, Burger PC (December 2003). "Platelets in inflammation and thrombosis". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular ... Arteriosclerosis. 3 (4): 383-8. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.3.4.383. PMID 6411052. S2CID 3229482. van Veen JJ, Nokes TJ, Makris M ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet

Concordance, heritability, and commingling analysis". Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis. 13 (5): 687-95. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.13.5. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordance_(genetics)

See ACE inhibitor). Arteriosclerosis Hardening of the blood vessels. It causes inflexibility of the arterial walls, so they are ... Atherosclerosis See: Arteriosclerosis. Autoimmune disease A condition in which the immune system inappropriately attacks a body ...

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Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis. 14 (8): 1315-20. doi:10.1161/01.atv.14.8.1315. PMID 8049193. Pyo R, Lee JK, Shipley JM, Curci ...

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Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis. 13 (6): 826-33. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.13.6.826. PMID 8499402. Dietary Guidelines Advisory ... vessels appear to play a significant role in stiffening the arteries and inducing the early phase of coronary arteriosclerosis ...

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Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis. 14 (8): 1315-20. doi:10.1161/01.atv.14.8.1315. PMID 8049193. Pyo R, Lee JK, Shipley JM, Curci ...

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A double-blind comparative study". Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis. 11 (4): 816-826. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.11.4.816. PMID 2065035 ... Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 39 (2): e38-e81. doi:10.1161/ATV.0000000000000073. PMID 30580575. Rull G, ...

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Ricciotti E, FitzGerald GA (2011). "Prostaglandins and inflammation". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 31 (5 ... Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis. 13 (3): 421-6. doi:10.1161/01.atv.13.3.421. PMID 8443146. Farooque SP, Arm JP, Lee TH (2008 ...

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Jessie died of arteriosclerosis. Her ashes were interred in the family grave at the South Head Cemetery. Aspinall was actively ...

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See therapy of arteriosclerosis. Laser therapy of diabetic retinopathy.[citation needed] A number of medicines, such as calcium ...

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Arteriosclerosis in pancreatic diabetes. Surgery, 8:353-61. 1942 With C. Vermeulen, D. E. Clark, O. C. Julian, and J. G. Allen ...

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"Arteriosclerosis and intestinal poisons". [a contemporary review of Metchnikoff's work] JAMA 1910, 55:2311-12. Vaughan, RB ( ...

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Hoffman, M. S. (1947-07-01). "The etiology of arteriosclerosis". MD (Chicago, Ill.). 2 (7): 13-16. PMID 20255816.*Hoffman, M. S ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray_S._Hoffman

Goldstein JL, Brown MS (April 2009). "The LDL receptor". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 29 (4): 431-8. doi ...

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Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 25 (5): 1032-7. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.572.867. doi:10.1161/01.ATV. ...

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Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 19 (9): 2078-84. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.19.9.2078. PMID 10479648. Fujita S, Ito ...

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Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 41 (3): 1047-1061. doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.315695. PMID 33504179. S2CID ...

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Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 23 (11): 2002-7. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000098644.03153.6F. PMID 14525795. ... Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 24 (4): 697-702. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000121570.00515.dc. PMID 14962944. ... Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 26 (10): 2288-94. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000238346.84458.5d. PMID 16873729. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_4A3

Paris Thrombosis case-control Study". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 20 (3): 892-8. doi:10.1161/01.ATV. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TATA_box

Joyce C, Freeman L, Brewer HB, Santamarina-Fojo S (June 2003). "Study of ABCA1 function in transgenic mice". Arteriosclerosis, ... Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 23 (8): 1322-1332. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000078520.89539.77. PMID 12763760. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABCA1

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 42 (9): 1103-1112. doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.122.317162. (Articles with short ...

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Ricciotti E, FitzGerald GA (2011). "Prostaglandins and inflammation". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 31 (5 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eicosanoid_receptor

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 21 (6): 1034-9. doi:10.1161/01.atv.21.6.1034. PMID 11397716. (Proteins, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acylation_stimulating_protein

Atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis is hardening and narrowing of the arteries where plaque builds up inside your arteries. ... ClinicalTrials.gov: Arteriosclerosis (National Institutes of Health) * ClinicalTrials.gov: Atherosclerosis (National Institutes ...

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Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis is the official journal of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis, the ... Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis will receive its first journal Impact Factor (JCR) in 2023. Instructions for ... The journal is the leading Spanish written peer-review journal in the field of arteriosclerosis and its related risk factors. ... Latinoamerican Society of Arteriosclerosis and the Iberolatinoamerican Society of Arteriosclerosis. ...

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A retrospective study was made of 200 consecutive patients with first-ever ischaemic stroke, admitted to Jordan University Hospital over a 2-year period. The mean age was 61.2 years [‎range 29-95]‎. The most common stroke ...

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... Atherosclerosis. 2021 Dec;338:64-68. doi: 10.1016/j. ... Whether elevated copeptin is associated with markers of atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis in the general population is not ...

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Aspirin Dosing: A Patient-Centric Trial Assessing Benefits and Long-term Rochester, MN ADAPTABLE is a pragmatic clinical trial in which 20,000 patients who are at high risk for ischemic events will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive an aspirin dose of 81 mg/day vs. 325 mg/day. Study participants will be enrolled over 24 months. Maximum follow-up will be 30 months. The purpose of the study is to identify the optimal dose of aspirin for secondary prevention in patients with Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The primary endpoint is a composite of all-cause death, hospitalization for MI, or hospitalization for stroke. The primary safety endpoint is hospitalization for major bleeding with ... ...

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There are some wonderful natural remedies for Arteriosclerosis that will provide support. Please Contact Us if you have ... Supplements for Arteriosclerosis. The supplements recommended for the treatment of Arteriosclerosis are listed below. Not all ... You are here: Library Health Conditions Arteriosclerosis Get a FREE Health Guide. ...plus all the latest news and offers. Just ... Chromium is indicated for arteriosclerosis, it helps keep blood vessels clean (along with Serrapeptase) and blood sugar ...

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Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis is the official journal of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis, the ... Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis will receive its first journal Impact Factor (JCR) in 2023. Instructions for ... The journal is the leading Spanish written peer-review journal in the field of arteriosclerosis and its related risk factors. ... Inicio Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition) Heart failure, zip code, and telemetry: a trinomial in ...

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Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis is the official journal of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis, the ... Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis will receive its first journal Impact Factor (JCR) in 2023. Instructions for ... The journal is the leading Spanish written peer-review journal in the field of arteriosclerosis and its related risk factors. ... Inicio Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition) Heart failure, zip code, and telemetry: a trinomial in ...

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Control of arteriosclerosis progression in high risk subjects treated with mesoglycan. Evalua-tion of intima-media thickness - ... Control of arteriosclerosis progression in high risk subjects treated with mesoglycan. Evalua-tion of intima-media thickness. ...

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Title : Arteriosclerosis studies Published Date : Mar 1955;03-1955; Source : Public Health Rep. 70(3):299-304 URL : https:// ...

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Indirect allorecognition can play an important role in the development of transplant arteriosclerosis. ... Indirect allorecognition can play an important role in the development of transplant arteriosclerosis. Together they form a ...

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Summer delicacy corn efficacy and nutritional ingredients that are good for preventing arteriosclerosis ByAndrew. Nov 19, 2022 ... Summer delicacy corn efficacy and nutritional ingredients that are good for preventing arteriosclerosis Nov 19, 2022 Andrew ... prevention of arteriosclerosis. Corns seed eyes are rich in linoleic acid, an essential fatty acid, which lowers cholesterol ...

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Arteriosclerosis in exotic mammals. / Bohorquez, F.; Stout, C.. In: Atherosclerosis, Vol. 16, No. 2, 1972, p. 225-231.. ... title = "Arteriosclerosis in exotic mammals",. abstract = "The type and extent of spontaneous aortic disease is documented in 6 ... Bohorquez F, Stout C. Arteriosclerosis in exotic mammals. Atherosclerosis. 1972;16(2):225-231. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(72)90056- ... Bohorquez, F. ; Stout, C. / Arteriosclerosis in exotic mammals. In: Atherosclerosis. 1972 ; Vol. 16, No. 2. pp. 225-231. ...

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... / Scientific Publishing Office, American Heart Association.-- Vol.11, no.1 (1991) - Vol.14, no. ...

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Arteriosclerosis : prevention, treatment, and regression / by Lester M. Morrison and O. Arne Schjeide. By: Morrison, Lester M ... Thomas, 1984. Description: 400 pISBN: 039804919XSubject(s): ArteriosclerosisNLM classification: WG 550 ...

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Influenza spreads around the world in a yearly outbreak, resulting in about three to five million cases of severe illness and about 250,000 to 500,000 deaths. In the Northern and Southern parts of the world outbreaks occur mainly in winter while in areas around the equator outbreaks may occur at any time of the year. Death occurs mostly in the young, the old and those with other health problems. Larger outbreaks known as pandemics are less frequent. In the 20th century three influenza pandemics occurred: Spanish influenza in 1918, Asian influenza in 1958, and Hong Kong influenza in 1968, each resulting in more than a million deaths. The World Health Organization declared an outbreak of a new type of influenza A/H1N1 to be a pandemic in June of 2009. Influenza may also affect other animals, including pigs, horses and birds.. ...

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Arteriosclerosis. Arterial Occlusive Diseases. Vascular Diseases. Aortic Valve Disease. Heart Valve Diseases. Ventricular ...

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This Arteriosclerosis Model, with cross section of artery, 2 part is manufactured by 3B Scientific and sold by GTSimulators. ... arteriosclerosis model with cross section of artery doctors can explain changes in the blood vessels due to arteriosclerosis. ... Arteriosclerosis Model, with cross section of artery, 2 part - Includes 3B Smart Anatomy. With the help of this artery model ... doctors can explain changes in the blood vessels due to arteriosclerosis. A horizontally dissected artery fork is depicted with ...

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Tag: Arteriosclerosis. Infographic , Cholesterol Lowering Foods February 11, 2015. January 22, 2022. ... Posts about Arteriosclerosis written by Garrett Kimball ...

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Tag: arteriosclerosis. Heres What you Need to Know about Bloodclots. Posted on October 19, 2022. October 19, 2022. by Texas ... In fact, your blood type can contribute to that risk, according to a study published in the Journal Arteriosclerosis, ... Atherosclerosis, a type of arteriosclerosis, is a condition where plaque builds up in your arteries. It specifically means that ...

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Although arteriosclerosis causes high blood pressure, high blood pressure can also cause arteriosclerosis. Calcium based and ... Helping the body: Arteriosclerosis/ Atherosclerosis. October 20, 2012. As we become older, our arteries lose some elasticity ... In arteriosclerosis deposits are composed largely of calcium. In atherosclerosis deposits consist of fatty substances, and ... Recommendations for people suffering from arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis :. *Eat high-fiber foods that are low in fats ...

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Serum immunoglobulins in patients with arteriosclerosis & thromboangitis obliterans.. Authors: Sooch, N. Goyal, A. Abbey, R K. ... Serum immunoglobulins in patients with arteriosclerosis & thromboangitis obliterans. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 1987 ...

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The term arteriosclerosis refers to several diseases that involve both arteries of different sizes and different layers of the ...

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Attenzione: i dati modificati non sono ancora stati salvati. Per confermare inserimenti o cancellazioni di voci è necessario confermare con il tasto SALVA/INSERISCI in fondo alla pagina ...

https://flore.unifi.it/rm/popup/rmItem/journal/crisId/journal42682/detail.htm

Whether elevated copeptin is associated with markers of atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis in the general population is not known. (nih.gov)
Atherosclerosis, a type of arteriosclerosis, is a condition where plaque builds up in your arteries. (texaseva.com)
Background-: The processes of arteriosclerosis, including atherosclerosis and vascular remodeling, are affected by interactions among numerous biological pathways such as responses to inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. (elsevier.com)
Methods and results-: We examined the effects of CHOP deficiency on 2 types of arteriosclerosis: cuff injury-induced neointimal formation and hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis. (elsevier.com)
Arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis both involve the buildup of deposits on the insides of your artery walls, which causes thickening and hardening of your arteries. (taylortransformation.com)

Arteriosclerosis and thrombosis / Scientific Publishing Office, American Heart Association. (bvs.br)
Originally published 19 May 2022 https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.121.316237 Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. (whitepages-com.org)
A new study published in the American Heart Association's journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ATVB) studied the effects of nine different e-cigarette flavorings. (walterclark.com)

Of the 13 families represented, 4 have never been examined for arteriosclerosis, and significant arterial disease has not been described in 3 others. (utmb.edu)

The term arteriosclerosis refers to several diseases that involve both arteries of different sizes and different layers of the walls of the arteries. (healthy.net)
They are used internally in the treatment of chronic liver and gall bladder diseases, jaundice, hepatitis, arteriosclerosis and the early stages of late-onset diabetes[238, 254]. (pfaf.org)
This research paper provides a critical analysis of the Stanford Coronary Risk Intervention Project (SCRIP) with a view of providing quality evidence of cardiovascular coronary and arteriosclerosis diseases. (nursingbird.com)
Numerous medical researchers attest that most of the existing methods and activities that pertain to health promotion and early response to cardiovascular and arteriosclerosis diseases are based on evidence-based medical care. (nursingbird.com)
It has obvious curative effect and preventive effect on senile diseases such as arteriosclerosis, diabetes, heart disease, thrombophlebitis, reproductive dysfunction, muscular atrophy and nutritional encephalomalacia. (yufengholding.cn)

This can lead to a progressive condition referred to as arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). (dentistsamibilani.com)
In the case of arteriosclerosis, the so-called hardening of the arteries is caused by inflamed cells, blood fat, blood clots, calcium and other substances that are deposited on the vessel walls. (ayurveda-badems.com)
Arteriosclerosis, which means hardening (sclerosis) of the arteries (arterio-), is a general term for several disorders in which the wall of an artery becomes thicker and less elastic. (merckmanuals.com)
Mönckeberg arteriosclerosis affects small to medium-sized arteries. (merckmanuals.com)
High triglycerides may contribute to hardening of the arteries or thickening of the artery walls, this is called arteriosclerosis. (autocruitment.com)

One must avoid it if he is intolerant to amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, or in case he has arteriosclerosis, hart problems , anxiety or hypertension, a record of narcotics or alcohol addiction, mild to severe high blood pressure, overactive thyroid, or glaucoma. (affordable-drugs-rx.com)

In arteriosclerosis deposits are composed largely of calcium. (dentistsamibilani.com)
Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis, also called medial calcific sclerosis or Mönckeberg's sclerosis, is a form of vessel hardening due to increased calcium deposits in the tunica media layer. (verjournal.com)
Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis (MA) is a pathological process involving dystrophic calcification of the tunica media layer of the arterial wall due to deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals, or metastatic and metabolic calcification due to osteoblastic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells, enhancing deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals. (verjournal.com)

Control of arteriosclerosis progression in high risk subjects treated with mesoglycan. (minervamedica.it)
According to the latest study results, American physicians have found an increased risk of arteriosclerosis and heart attack in those affected and have shown a direct correlation between the course of periodontitis and the progression of arteriosclerosis. (tso-stockholm.com)
This is the clearest evidence to date that a change in the bacterial spectrum in the tooth area can slow down the progression of periodontal disease and arteriosclerosis simultaneously", says Moïse Desvarieux of Columbia University in New York. (tso-stockholm.com)
Bone marrow transplantation experiments revealed that recipient CHOP deficiency significantly suppressed both cuff injury-induced neointimal formation and hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerotic plaque formation to a greater extent than donor CHOP deficiency, suggesting the importance of CHOP in vascular cells for arteriosclerosis progression. (elsevier.com)

When arteriosclerosis occludes the arterial supply of blood to the brain, a cerebrovascular accident, or stroke occurs. (dentistsamibilani.com)
12). Memantine's NMDA GLU-receptor blocking action has also shown promise in Parkinson's disease, diabetic neuropathic pain, glaucoma, HIV dementia, alcohol dementia, and vascular (stroke or arteriosclerosis - caused dementia (12). (antiaging-nutrition.com)

IMSEAR at SEARO: Serum immunoglobulins in patients with arteriosclerosis & thromboangitis obliterans. (who.int)

With the help of this artery model doctors can explain changes in the blood vessels due to arteriosclerosis. (gtsimulators.com)

In his last two years in office, Franklin Roosevelt exhibited increasing symptoms of advanced arteriosclerosis that severely impaired his mental functions: Roosevelt would stop in the middle of a speech, drool on his vest and stare blankly at the papers in his hand. (codshit.com)

The purpose of conducting this policy is to monitor problems and risk factors such as smoking and sedentary life that are associated with cardiovascular infections and arteriosclerosis. (nursingbird.com)

It reduces the likelihood of developing arteriosclerosis by reducing blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. (fasting.ws)
Nicotine, tar and carbon monoxide provide conditions for cholesterol deposition, which can cause arteriosclerosis and promote aging. (kaochepai.com)

Different forms of arteriosclerosis are the primary causes of heart disease and strokes. (juohco.com)
Thus, successful treatment of the disease will slow the arteriosclerosis within three years, the report said „Journal of the American Heart Association", has been published. (tso-stockholm.com)

No article was found for Arteriosclerosis and VWF[original query] . (cdc.gov)

Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis is the official journal of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis, the Latinoamerican Society of Arteriosclerosis and the Iberolatinoamerican Society of Arteriosclerosis. (elsevier.es)
The journal is the leading Spanish written peer-review journal in the field of arteriosclerosis and its related risk factors. (elsevier.es)

Arteriosclerosis : prevention, treatment, and regression / by Lester M. Morrison and O. Arne Schjeide. (who.int)
After an in-depth medical diagnosis at our Centre, a comprehensive treatment plan is individually tailored for each patient with arteriosclerosis. (ayurveda-badems.com)

Vocal of the Spanish Arteriosclerosis Society (2016-2000). (eas-society.org)

What is the Vedic medicine point of view on arteriosclerosis? (ayurveda-badems.com)

In the case of arteriosclerosis, toxins (in Ayurveda called "Ama") are deposited on vessel walls. (ayurveda-badems.com)
In the case of arteriosclerosis, for example, an emphasis on elimination of toxins as well as balancing of the nervous system can be recommended. (ayurveda-badems.com)

Video, Arteriosclerosis: Je Mbosso anasema nini kuhusu maradhi ya moyo anayougua? (bbc.com)

This or a similar experience is what those affected with arteriosclerosis report. (ayurveda-badems.com)

Older people are at a greater risk of arteriosclerosis. (dentistsamibilani.com)
Kombucha is also said to be beneficial for people with hypertonia and arteriosclerosis. (getleanertoday.com)

Atherosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis that usually begins in childhood, but may develop in adulthood. (naturaltherapypages.com.au)
Atherosclerosis (ath-uh-roh-skluh-roh-sis), which is a type of arteriosclerosis, describes the buildup of plaque within the arterial wall. (nih.gov)
Atherosclerosis, which develops from fatty plaque buildup, is a common type of arteriosclerosis. (nih.gov)
Atherosclerosis is the most common type of arteriosclerosis. (vapevep.com)

The report is published in the Aug. 14 issue of the journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology . (healthday.com)
The study appeared on March 1 in the online edition of the journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. (newstrackindia.com)

Mouse models of arteriosclerosis: From arterial injuries to vascular grafts. (nih.gov)
Arteriosclerosis is an arterial disease that affects the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. (naturaltherapypages.com.au)
In the fatty streak stage of arteriosclerosis, dead foam cells start forming in the arterial wall as a result of an accumulation of fat and cholesterol in the artery. (naturaltherapypages.com.au)
Evaluate residuals of aortic and large arterial bypass surgery or arterial graft as arteriosclerosis obliterans. (kdvma.com)
While aging changes, such as arteriosclerosis (or increased arterial stiffness), increase the risk of atherosclerosis, aging changes do not directly cause atherosclerosis. (nih.gov)
Arteriosclerosis is the clogging of the body's arterial system. (secrets-of-self-sufficiency.com)
Arteriosclerosis reflects the light more brightly and damaged arterial walls will show up like two shining railway tracks either side of a central core of blood flow. (secrets-of-self-sufficiency.com)
Arteriosclerosis is the deposition of calcium in the walls of the arterial blood vessels of the body. (garymoller.com)
Garlic as a herbal remedy reduces a multitude of risk factors which play a decisive role in the genesis and progression of arteriosclerosis: decrease in total and LDL-cholesterol, increase in HDL-cholesterol, reduction of serum triglyceride and fibrinogen concentration, lowering of arterial blood pressure and promotion of organ perfusion, and, finally, enhancement in fibrinolysis, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and diminution of plasma viscosity. (greenmedinfo.com)

Available biopsies at later time points supported a rate of progression of arteriosclerosis in DSA-negative patients that was approximately one third that in DSA-positive patients. (asnjournals.org)
In conclusion, these data support the hypothesis that donor-specific antibodies dramatically accelerate post-transplant progression of arteriosclerosis. (asnjournals.org)
In this study, we investigated post-transplant progression of arteriosclerosis in a series of donor-specific antibody (DSA)+ and DSA− patients with systematic 3- and 12-month screening biopsies with C4d staining and DSA quantification by Luminex. (asnjournals.org)
We used as a baseline for the natural progression of arteriosclerosis, as reflected by the progression of Banff cv scores with age, 91 d-0 biopsies, 80 of which were drawn from the cohorts studied. (asnjournals.org)
Explain the progression of arteriosclerosis and heart disease to students using this complete teaching kit. (anatomywarehouse.com)

Medical conditions that can cause arteriosclerosis include diabetes , high blood pressure and high cholesterol . (naturaltherapypages.com.au)
The sFLT-1 gene transfer also inhibited increased expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and transforming growth factor-beta, indicating creation of a positive feedback loop to cause arteriosclerosis. (uthscsa.edu)
If a person's blood pressure is too high, it can cause arteriosclerosis. (thenassauguardian.com)

In addition, cerebral arteriosclerosis can result in an aneurysm, which is a weakened area in the artery due to abnormal stretching from plaque buildup. (nih.gov)
The most common cause of an aneurysm is arteriosclerosis . (medicinenet.com)

A total of 720 patients, 551 men and 169 women aged 21 to 94 years (mean age 66.8 ± 10.2 years), were admitted to Juntendo University Hospital, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, or Juntendo University Nerima Hospital for assessment of ischemic heart disease, including ACS, arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASOs), or vasospastic angina pectoris (VAP) by coronary angiography (CAG) between January 2006 and June 2007. (hindawi.com)

In addition, tomatoes also prevent vascular diseases such as arteriosclerosis and prevent the formation of fat in the blood. (healthyasks.com)
Summary Vascular remodeling is essential for artery formation during embryogenesis and in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, restenosis, and transplant- associated arteriosclerosis in adulthood. (elsevier.com)

Cardiovascular Disease (Arteriosclerosis) Reversed - Here is the evidence! (garymoller.com)

Arteriosclerosis is caused by the interplay of many risk factors, such as obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes and smoking. (css.ch)
This so-called Metabolic Syndrome means: insulin resistance and a beginning diabetes, high blood pressure, fatty liver, arteriosclerosis and fat metabolism disorders. (ifb-adipositas.de)
They are involved in Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, arteriosclerosis and diabetes. (healthyasks.com)

CONCLUSIONS: VEGF is necessary in the development of arteriosclerosis by mediating monocyte recruitment and activation in this model. (uthscsa.edu)
Overweight and high blood pressure also contribute to the development of arteriosclerosis. (ifb-adipositas.de)

Is there a difference between atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis? (healthtap.com)

The endothelial dysfunction stage of arteriosclerosis is characterised by a loss of function in the endothelial cells that line the blood vessels of the artery wall. (naturaltherapypages.com.au)
When your optometrist looks into the rear of your eyes, one of the things she is assessing is the health of the tiny blood vessels that nourish the retina: Arteriosclerosis causes a progressive die-off of these tiny vessels. (garymoller.com)
Designed in Germany by American 3B Scientific, this artery model can help doctors explain changes in the blood vessels due to arteriosclerosis. (anatomywarehouse.com)

An acquired immune response- with the participation of CD4 + (helper) T cells, humoral antibody, and macrophages-was essential to the development of the concentric neointimal proliferation and luminal narrowing characteristic of transplant arteriosclerosis. (elsevier.com)
Eosinophils are major effector cells for the development of transplant arteriosclerosis and depend on the presence of IL-4. (ox.ac.uk)

What are the symptoms of arteriosclerosis? (naturaltherapypages.com.au)
The symptoms of arteriosclerosis depend on the stage of the disease. (naturaltherapypages.com.au)
Mild forms of Atherosclerosis or Arteriosclerosis do not cause any symptoms. (epainassist.com)
Cinnarizine is a drug derivative of piperazine, and characterized as an antihistamine and a calcium channel blocker, it is also known to promote cerebral blood flow, and so is used to treat cerebral apoplexy, post-trauma cerebral symptoms, and cerebral arteriosclerosis.However, it is more commonly prescribed for nausea and vomiting due to motion sickness or other sources such as chemotherapy,vertigoor Ménière's disease. (prpharmasource.in)

Consider participating in a clinical trial so clinicians and scientists can learn more about cerebral arteriosclerosis and related disorders. (nih.gov)
This leads to a number of ageing-related health issues, including osteoporosis, gall stones, weight gain, thyroid disorders arthritis and arteriosclerosis. (garymoller.com)

Figure Legend: Figure 1 Mesentery, Artery - Arteriosclerosis in a male F344/N rat from a chronic study. (nih.gov)
The tunica media of a large mesenteric muscular artery is proliferative and has a hypereosinophilic, glassy appearance (arteriosclerosis). (nih.gov)
Arteriosclerosis should be diagnosed and graded in the organs in which it is observed, with the type of blood vessel affected (artery or vein) included as a site modifier. (nih.gov)
Once the artery gets injured or damaged, then gradual buildup of substances starts resulting in fatty deposits which is made of cholesterol and other products resulting in reduced flow of blood and development of Atherosclerosis or Arteriosclerosis. (epainassist.com)
Arteriosclerosis is a silent condition that will not show up until occlusion of the artery creates a problem for the tissues being supplied. (secrets-of-self-sufficiency.com)
Arteriosclerosis is defined as the state of thickening of your blood vessel artery walls. (articlealley.com)
If left untreated, arteriosclerosis can turn into peripheral artery disease (PAD). (thenassauguardian.com)

What is cerebral arteriosclerosis? (nih.gov)
The health events from cerebral arteriosclerosis can lead to long-term neurological and motor impairments or death. (nih.gov)
How can I or my loved one help improve care for people with cerebral arteriosclerosis? (nih.gov)
Learn about clinical trials currently looking for people with cerebral arteriosclerosis at Clinicaltrials.gov , a database of current and past clinical studies and research results. (nih.gov)
Where can I find more information about cerebral arteriosclerosis? (nih.gov)

The purpose in this study is that whether ox not suppress graft coronary arteriosclerosis using by counter shock method of the DNA coated around the gold particle. (nii.ac.jp)
Publications] Y.Matsuno, H.Iwata, S.Yoshikawa, Y.Umeda, Y.Iida, H.Takagi, Y.Mori.J.Miyazaki, A.Kosugi, H.Hirose: 'Suppression of Graft Coronary Arteriosclerosis by Gene Gun-Mediated CTLA4-Ig Gene Transfer'Transplantation Proceedings. (nii.ac.jp)

While arteriosclerosis is not considered inflammatory, inflammation may be a predisposing factor. (nih.gov)
Accelerated arteriosclerosis was significantly associated with peritubular capillary leukocytic infiltration, glomerulitis, subclinical antibody-mediated rejection, and interstitial inflammation. (asnjournals.org)
Arteriosclerosis may be conspicuous, particularly in AMR, occurring in the absence of evident concurrent or prior intimal vascular inflammation. (asnjournals.org)
As will be seen, there was indeed an impressive acceleration of arteriosclerosis in DSA+ patients, strongly associated with the presence of the newly described entity of subclinical AMR, 8 , 9 including microcirculation inflammation and C4d and DSA positivity. (asnjournals.org)
We recently reported that long-term inhibition of nitric oxide by administering Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) induces coronary vascular inflammation and arteriosclerosis. (uthscsa.edu)
The sFLT-1 gene transfer attenuated the early vascular inflammation and prevented late arteriosclerosis. (uthscsa.edu)

Helps to prevent angina and arteriosclerosis. (sciencearts.com)

Different forms of arteriosclerosis are the primary causes of heart disease and strokes. (juohco.com)

Arteriosclerosis is fatty liver disease. (oneradionetwork.com)

Atherosclerosis or Arteriosclerosis is a medical condition in which the vessels that carry oxygen and other nutrients from the heart to the other parts of the body become stiff thus affecting normal flow of blood from the vessels to various organs of the body. (epainassist.com)

Vascular thickening and luminal narrowing that occur with arteriosclerosis can eventually lead to ischemic change. (nih.gov)

Is arteriosclerosis preventable? (healthshare.com.au)
Atherosclerosis or Arteriosclerosis is treatable and definitely preventable if proper precautions are taken. (epainassist.com)

Plumbum is to be used in the homeopathic treatment of patients with arteriosclerosis and related organic heart disease . (elmaskincare.com)

In biopsies of renal allografts, arteriosclerosis is often more severe than expected based on the age of the donor, even without a history of rejection vasculitis. (asnjournals.org)

To determine whether preformed donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) may contribute to the severity of arteriosclerosis, we examined protocol biopsies from patients with ( n = 40) or without ( n = 59) DSA after excluding those with any evidence of vasculitis. (asnjournals.org)

Genistein has a therapeutic role in arteriosclerosis prevention and treatment. (greenmedinfo.com)
The Japanese Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health and the Japan Arteriosclerosis Prevention Fund paid for the study. (drugwatch.com)

In nine cases, atherosclerosis had developed from and on the surface of this proliferation and in four cases arteriosclerosis had an unusual appearance, in the form of mamillated vegetations with endoluminal protrusions. (nih.gov)

Can taking aspirin daily help with arteriosclerosis? (healthshare.com.au)

Adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) gene polymorphism in lacunar infarction (LI) combined with arteriosclerosis was investigated. (nih.gov)
Could Gene Networks Resembling Air Traffic Explain Arteriosclerosis? (scienmag.com)

Anyone can develop arteriosclerosis or its subtypes, including atherosclerosis, but some people have a greater risk of atherosclerosis. (naturaltherapypages.com.au)
The journal is the leading Spanish written peer-review journal in the field of arteriosclerosis and its related risk factors. (elsevier.es)
What Are The Risk Factors For Atherosclerosis or Arteriosclerosis? (epainassist.com)
Up to 60 percent of the risk associated with coronary arteriosclerosis may be explained by changes in the activity of hundreds of genes working together in networks across several organs in the body. (scienmag.com)
It raises the risk of arteriosclerosis and PAD. (thenassauguardian.com)

Anatomy31

Organisms12

Diseases31

Chemicals and Drugs27

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes16

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Health Care2

Geographicals1

Donor MHC and adhesion molecules in transplant arteriosclerosis. (1/6134)

Blocking very late antigen-4 integrin decreases leukocyte entry and fatty streak formation in mice fed an atherogenic diet. (2/6134)

Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and associated risk factors in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. (3/6134)

Chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerosis. (4/6134)

Expression and cellular localization of the CC chemokines PARC and ELC in human atherosclerotic plaques. (5/6134)

Suppression of atherosclerotic development in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits treated with an oral antiallergic drug, tranilast. (6/6134)

Expression of stromelysin-3 in atherosclerotic lesions: regulation via CD40-CD40 ligand signaling in vitro and in vivo. (7/6134)

High-resolution intravascular magnetic resonance imaging: monitoring of plaque formation in heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. (8/6134)

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans

Arteriosclerosis

Heart Transplantation

Intracranial Arteriosclerosis

Rats, Inbred WF

Transplantation, Homologous

Transplantation, Heterotopic

Aorta

Graft Rejection

Aorta, Abdominal

Tunica Intima

Coronary Artery Disease

Muscle, Smooth, Vascular

Coronary Vessels

Thromboangiitis Obliterans

Carotid Arteries

Host vs Graft Reaction

Arteries

Aortic Diseases

Transplantation

Endothelium, Vascular

Cyclosporine

Venae Cavae

Aorta, Thoracic

Nephrosclerosis

Sulfinpyrazone

Ankle

Disease Models, Animal

Ankle Brachial Index

Neointima

Vasculitis

Hyperplasia

Carbonic Anhydrase III

Renal Artery

Paraffin

Rats, Inbred Lew

Immunosuppressive Agents

Transplantation, Isogeneic

Blood Vessels

Pulse

Japan

Vascular Stiffness

Isoantibodies

Femoral Artery

Blood Pressure

Diabetic Angiopathies

Myocytes, Smooth Muscle

Cholesterol

Immunohistochemistry

Carotid Artery Diseases

Gangrene

Homocysteine

Cells, Cultured

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Empirical Research

Autopsy

Mice, Inbred CBA

Cholesterol, Dietary

Vascular Diseases

RNA, Messenger

Risk Factors

Rats, Inbred F344

Tunica Media

Diet, Atherogenic

Veins

Atherosclerosis

Mice, Knockout

Chemokine CCL2

Lipids

Calcinosis

Macrophages

Hypercholesterolemia

Time Factors

Hypertension

Hyperlipidemias

Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A

Rats, Inbred Strains

Rabbits

Cell Division

Leg