Arterioles. Medical search

The smallest divisions of the arteries located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries.

The innermost layer of the three meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. It is the fine vascular membrane that lies under the ARACHNOID and the DURA MATER.

The physiological widening of BLOOD VESSELS by relaxing the underlying VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.

The minute vessels that collect blood from the capillary plexuses and join together to form veins.

Central retinal artery and its branches. It arises from the ophthalmic artery, pierces the optic nerve and runs through its center, enters the eye through the porus opticus and branches to supply the retina.

The physiological narrowing of BLOOD VESSELS by contraction of the VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.

Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.

The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels.

The part of the face that is below the eye and to the side of the nose and mouth.

A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.

Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.

A complex of cells consisting of juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangium lacis cells, the macula densa of the distal convoluted tubule, and granular epithelial peripolar cells. Juxtaglomerular cells are modified SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS found in the walls of afferent glomerular arterioles and sometimes the efferent arterioles. Extraglomerular mesangium lacis cells are located in the angle between the afferent and efferent glomerular arterioles. Granular epithelial peripolar cells are located at the angle of reflection of the parietal to visceral angle of the renal corpuscle.

Microscopy in which television cameras are used to brighten magnified images that are otherwise too dark to be seen with the naked eye. It is used frequently in TELEPATHOLOGY.

The neural systems which act on VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE to control blood vessel diameter. The major neural control is through the sympathetic nervous system.

Drugs used to cause constriction of the blood vessels.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

The minute vessels that connect the arterioles and venules.

A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system.

An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6)

The arterial blood vessels supplying the CEREBRUM.

A powerful vasodilator used in emergencies to lower blood pressure or to improve cardiac function. It is also an indicator for free sulfhydryl groups in proteins.

Porphyrins with four methyl, two ethyl, and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings.

A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension.

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the vessels of the KIDNEY.

The veins and arteries of the HEART.

The vessels carrying blood away from the heart.

An NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-ARGININE and OXYGEN to produce CITRULLINE and NITRIC OXIDE.

Genetically developed small pigs for use in biomedical research. There are several strains - Yucatan miniature, Sinclair miniature, and Minnesota miniature.

The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.

A genus of the family Muridae having three species. The present domesticated strains were developed from individuals brought from Syria. They are widely used in biomedical research.

A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.

Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY BLADDER.

The blood vessels which supply and drain the RETINA.

A CALCIUM-dependent, constitutively-expressed form of nitric oxide synthase found primarily in ENDOTHELIAL CELLS.

A cluster of convoluted capillaries beginning at each nephric tubule in the kidney and held together by connective tissue.

A nucleoside that is composed of ADENINE and D-RIBOSE. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. Adenosine itself is a neurotransmitter.

The state of activity or tension of a muscle beyond that related to its physical properties, that is, its active resistance to stretch. In skeletal muscle, tonus is dependent upon efferent innervation. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase necessary for the formation of prostaglandins and other autacoids. It also inhibits the motility of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

A strain of Rattus norvegicus used as a normotensive control for the spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR).

A strain of Rattus norvegicus with elevated blood pressure used as a model for studying hypertension and stroke.

Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

A nonapeptide messenger that is enzymatically produced from KALLIDIN in the blood where it is a potent but short-lived agent of arteriolar dilation and increased capillary permeability. Bradykinin is also released from MAST CELLS during asthma attacks, from gut walls as a gastrointestinal vasodilator, from damaged tissues as a pain signal, and may be a neurotransmitter.

A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110)

The finer blood vessels of the vasculature that are generally less than 100 microns in internal diameter.

An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. The amino acid in position 5 varies in different species. To block VASOCONSTRICTION and HYPERTENSION effect of angiotensin II, patients are often treated with ACE INHIBITORS or with ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS.

Central retinal vein and its tributaries. It runs a short course within the optic nerve and then leaves and empties into the superior ophthalmic vein or cavernous sinus.

Heterocyclic compounds in which an oxygen is attached to a cyclic nitrogen.

Compounds or agents that combine with cyclooxygenase (PROSTAGLANDIN-ENDOPEROXIDE SYNTHASES) and thereby prevent its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of eicosanoids, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes.

A group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway. They are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiological processes.

An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions similar to those of chlorpropamide.

A tissue preparation technique that involves the injecting of plastic (acrylates) into blood vessels or other hollow viscera and treating the tissue with a caustic substance. This results in a negative copy or a solid replica of the enclosed space of the tissue that is ready for viewing under a scanning electron microscope.

A purely physical condition which exists within any material because of strain or deformation by external forces or by non-uniform thermal expansion; expressed quantitatively in units of force per unit area.

A class of drugs that act by inhibition of potassium efflux through cell membranes. Blockade of potassium channels prolongs the duration of ACTION POTENTIALS. They are used as ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS and VASODILATOR AGENTS.

A layer of the peritoneum which attaches the abdominal viscera to the ABDOMINAL WALL and conveys their blood vessels and nerves.

A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403)

Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.

Calcium responses induced by acetylcholine in submucosal arterioles of the guinea-pig small intestine. (1/2323)

1. Calcium responses induced by brief stimulation with acetylcholine (ACh) were assessed from the fluorescence changes in fura-2 loaded submucosal arterioles of the guinea-pig small intestine. 2. Initially, 1-1.5 h after loading with fura-2 (fresh tissues), ACh increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner. This response diminished with time, and finally disappeared in 2-3 h (old tissues). 3. Ba2+ elevated [Ca2+]i to a similar extent in both fresh and old tissues. ACh further increased the Ba2+-elevated [Ca2+]i in fresh tissues, but reduced it in old tissues. Responses were not affected by either indomethacin or nitroarginine. 4. In fresh mesenteric arteries, mechanical removal of endothelial cells abolished the ACh-induced increase in [Ca2+]i, with no alteration of [Ca2+]i at rest and during elevation with Ba2+. 5. In the presence of indomethacin and nitroarginine, high-K+ solution elevated [Ca2+]i in both fresh and old tissues. Subsequent addition of ACh further increased [Ca2+]i in fresh tissues without changing it in old tissues. 6. Proadifen, an inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase, inhibited the ACh-induced changes in [Ca2+]i in both fresh and Ba2+-stimulated old tissues. It also inhibited the ACh-induced hyperpolarization. 7. In fresh tissues, the ACh-induced Ca2+ response was not changed by apamin, charybdotoxin (CTX), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) or glibenclamide. In old tissues in which [Ca2+]i had previously been elevated with Ba2+, the ACh-induced Ca2+ response was inhibited by CTX but not by apamin, 4-AP or glibenclamide. 8. It is concluded that in submucosal arterioles, ACh elevates endothelial [Ca2+]i and reduces muscular [Ca2+]i, probably through the hyperpolarization of endothelial or smooth muscle membrane by activating CTX-sensitive K+ channels. (+info)

Interaction of amylin with calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors in the microvasculature of the hamster cheek pouch in vivo. (2/2323)

1. This study used intravital microscopy to investigate the receptors stimulated by amylin which shares around 50% sequence homology with the vasodilator calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the hamster cheek pouch microvasculature in vivo. 2. Receptor agonists dilated arterioles (diameters 20-40 microm). The -log of the concentrations (+/- s.e.mean; n = 8) causing 50% increase in arteriole diameter were: human betaCGRP (10.8 +/- 0.3), human alphaCGRP (10.8 +/- 0.4), rat alphaCGRP (10.4 +/- 0.3). Rat amylin and the CGRP2 receptor selective agonist [Cys(ACM2,7]-human alphaCGRP were 100 fold less potent (estimates were 8.5 +/- 0.4 and 8.2 +/- 0.3 respectively). 3. The GCRP1 receptor antagonist, CGRP8-37 (300 nmol kg(-1); i.v.) reversibly inhibited the increase in diameter evoked by human alphaCGRP (0.3 nM) from 178 +/- 22% to 59 +/- 12% (n = 8; P < 0.05) and by rat amylin (100 nM) from 138 +/- 23% to 68 +/- 24% (n = 6; P < 0.05). CGRP8-37 did not inhibit vasodilation evoked by substance P (10 nM; n = 4: P > 0.05). 4. The amylin receptor antagonist, amylin8-37 (300 nmol kg(-1); i.v.) did not significantly inhibit the increase in diameter evoked by human alphaCGRP (0.3 nM) which was 112 +/- 26% in the absence, and 90 +/- 29% in the presence of antagonist (n = 4; P < 0.05); nor that evoked by rat amylin (100 nM) which was 146 +/- 23% in the absence and 144 +/- 32% in the presence of antagonist (n = 4; P > 0.05). 5. The agonist profile for vasodilatation and the inhibition of this dilatation by CGRP8-37, although not the amylin8-37 indicates that amylin causes vasodilatation through interaction with CGRP1 receptors in the hamster cheek pouch. (+info)

Spread of vasodilatation and vasoconstriction along feed arteries and arterioles of hamster skeletal muscle. (3/2323)

1. In arterioles of the hamster cheek pouch, vasodilatation and vasoconstriction can spread via the conduction of electrical signals through gap junctions between cells that comprise the vessel wall. However, conduction in resistance networks supplying other tissues has received relatively little attention. In anaesthetized hamsters, we have investigated the spread of dilatation and constriction along feed arteries and arterioles of the retractor muscle, which is contiguous with the cheek pouch. 2. When released from a micropipette, acetylcholine (ACh) triggered vasodilatation that spread rapidly along feed arteries external to the muscle and arterioles within the muscle. Responses were independent of changes in wall shear rate, perivascular nerve activity, or release of nitric oxide, indicating cell-to-cell conduction. 3. Vasodilatation conducted without decrement along unbranched feed arteries, yet decayed markedly in arteriolar networks. Thus, branching of the conduction pathway dissipated the vasodilatation. 4. Noradrenaline (NA) or a depolarizing KCl stimulus evoked constriction of arterioles and feed arteries of the retractor muscle that was constrained to the vicinity of the micropipette. This behaviour contrasts sharply with the conduction of vasodilatation in these microvessels and with the conduction of vasoconstriction elicited by NA and KCl in cheek pouch arterioles. 5. Focal electrical stimulation produced constriction that spread rapidly along feed arteries and arterioles. These responses were inhibited by tetrodotoxin or prazosin, confirming the release of NA along perivascular sympathetic nerves, which are absent from arterioles studied in the cheek pouch. Thus, sympathetic nerve activity co-ordinated the contraction of smooth muscle cells as effectively as the conduction of vasodilatation co-ordinated their relaxation. 6. In the light of previous findings in the cheek pouch, the properties of vasoconstriction and vasodilatation in feed arteries and arterioles of the retractor muscle indicate that substantive differences can exist in the nature of signal transmission along microvessels of tissues that differ in structure and function. (+info)

Neovascularization at the vascular pole region in diabetic glomerulopathy. (4/2323)

BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy is associated with renal structural changes involving all of the compartments. Most characteristic is the diabetic glomerulopathy. Studies of the histological changes during the early phases of nephropathy have included the glomerulopathy and also the juxtaglomerular structures. Neovascularization, well-known in diabetic retinopathy, has also been observed in the kidney. The present study concerns estimates of frequency of neovascularization at the vascular pole region in early stages of diabetic nephropathy. METHODS: Extra efferent arterioles at the glomerular vascular pole were detected during measurements of the vascular pole area applying 1-microm serial sections through kidney biopsies. It was observed that more than one efferent arteriole existed occasionally. The present study was carried out with the aim of estimating the frequency of this phenomenon in diabetic patients and in non-diabetic controls, the diabetic patients categorized according to the level of albumin excretion rate. RESULTS: Neovascularization was first observed in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria. Some of the cases presented the phenomenon in all of the glomeruli studied. As the examinations of many kidney biopsies continued the phenomenon was observed also in the non-diabetic control group and in one IDDM patient with normoalbuminuria. However, the frequency was statistically highly significantly increased in patients with elevated albumin-excretion. Within this group a strong correlation between frequency of neovascularization and the severity of diabetic glomerulopathy is seen. CONCLUSIONS: The vascular abnormality localized to the vascular pole region is observed occasionally in the normal kidney, but the frequency is increased in patients with diabetic glomerulopathy. The abnormality may develop as a consequence of a long-standing diabetic glomerulopathy and might lead to less pronounced elevation of albumin excretion. (+info)

Inhibition of NO synthesis or endothelium removal reveals a vasoconstrictor effect of insulin on isolated arterioles. (5/2323)

In this study we tested the hypothesis that insulin may differentially affect isolated arterioles from red (RGM) and white gastrocnemius muscles (WGM) because of their differences in function and metabolic profile. We also determined whether the responses of these arterioles are endothelium dependent and mediated by either prostaglandins or nitric oxide (NO). Arterioles were isolated, pressurized to 85 mmHg, equilibrated in Krebs bicarbonate-buffered solution (pH 7.4) gassed with 10% O2 (5% CO2-85% N2), and studied in a no-flow state. Control diameters for first-order arterioles from RGM averaged 77 +/- 8 micrometers and from WGM averaged 77 +/- 5 micrometers. Cumulative dose-response curves to insulin (10 microU/ml, 100 microU/ml, 1 mU/ml, and 10 mU/ml) were obtained in arterioles before and after endothelium removal or administration of either indomethacin (Indo, 10(-5) M) or NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 10(-4) M). Insulin evoked concentration-dependent increases in control diameter of intact RGM and WGM arterioles of 6-26% and 9-28%, respectively. Indo was without any effect on insulin-induced dilation in RGM and WGM arterioles. Insulin-evoked dilation in both RGM and WGM arterioles was completely inhibited and converted to vasoconstriction by endothelium removal and administration of L-NNA. These results indicate that in endothelium-intact arterioles from RGM and WGM, insulin evokes an endothelium-dependent dilation that is equivalent and mediated by NO. In contrast, in the absence of a functional endothelium, insulin evokes arteriolar constriction. The finding that insulin can constrict arterioles, at physiological concentrations, suggests that insulin may play a more significant role in the regulation of vascular tone and total peripheral resistance than previously appreciated. (+info)

Conducted signals within arteriolar networks initiated by bioactive amino acids. (6/2323)

Our purpose was to determine the specificity of L-arginine (L-Arg)-induced conducted signals for intra- vs. extracellular actions of L-Arg. Diameter and red blood cell velocities were measured for arterioles [18 +/- 1.6 (SE) micrometer] in the cremaster muscle of pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized (Nembutal, 70 mg/kg) hamsters (n = 53). Remote (conducted) responses were viewed approximately 1,000 micrometer upstream from the local (micropipette) application. Six amino acids were tested: L-arginine, L-cystine, L-leucine, L-lysine, L-histidine, and L-aspartate (100 microM each). Only L-Arg induced a remote dilation; L-lysine and L-aspartate had no effect, and the others each induced a significant remote constriction. There is a second conducted signal initiated by L-arginine that preconditions the arteriolar network and upregulates a direct response of L-arginine to dilate the remote site. This was blocked by inhibition of L-arginine uptake at the local (preconditioning) site (100 microM L-histidine or 1 mM phenformin). Arginine-glycine-aspartate (100 microM)-induced remote dilations (+3. 2 +/- 0.3 micrometer) were not mimicked by a peptide control and were prevented by anti- integrin alphav monoclonal antibody. Remote dilations were greater in animals with a higher wall shear stress for arginine-glycine-aspartate (r2 = 0.92) but not for L-arginine (r2 = 0.12). Thus L-arginine initiates separate conducted signals related to system y+ transport, integrins, and baseline flow. (+info)

Endothelin antagonists block alpha1-adrenergic constriction of coronary arterioles. (7/2323)

We have previously observed that intracoronary administration of the alpha1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine (PE) over a period of minutes induced both an immediate and long-lasting (2 h) vasoconstriction of epicardial coronary arterioles. Because it is unlikely that alpha1-adrenergic constriction would persist for hours after removal of the agonist, this observation supports the view that another constrictor(s) is released during alpha1-adrenergic activation and induces the prolonged vasoconstriction. Therefore, we hypothesized that the prolonged microvascular constriction after PE is due to the production of endothelin (ET). We focused on ET not only because this peptide produces potent vasoconstriction but also because its vasoconstrictor action is characterized by a long duration. To test this hypothesis, the diameters of coronary arterioles (<222 micrometers) in the beating heart of pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs with stroboscopic intravital microscopy were measured during a 15-min intracoronary infusion of PE (1 microgram. kg-1 . min-1) and at 15-min intervals for a total of 120 min. All experiments were performed in the presence of beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol. At 120 min, arterioles in the PE group were constricted (-23 +/- 9% change in diameter vs. baseline). Pretreatment with the ET-converting enzyme inhibitor phosphoramidon or the ETA-receptor antagonist FR-139317 prevented the PE-induced constriction at 120 min (-1 +/- 3 and -6 +/- 3%, respectively, P < 0.01 vs. PE). Pretreatment with the selective alpha1-adrenergic antagonist prazosin (Prz) also prevented the sustained constriction (0 +/- 2%, P < 0.01 vs. PE) but Prz given 60 min after PE infusion did not (-13 +/- 3%). In the aggregate, these results show that vasoconstriction of epicardial coronary arterioles via alpha1-adrenergic activation is blocked by an ET antagonist and an inhibitor of its production. From these data, we conclude that alpha1-adrenergic activation promotes the production and/or release of ET, which produces or facilitates microvascular constriction of epicardial canine coronary arterioles. (+info)

Flow regulation of ecNOS and Cu/Zn SOD mRNA expression in porcine coronary arterioles. (8/2323)

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that increased flow through coronary arterioles increases endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) mRNA expression. Single porcine coronary arterioles (ID 100-160 micrometers; pressurized) were cannulated, perfused, and exposed to intraluminal flow sufficient to produce maximal flow-induced dilation of coronary arterioles (high flow; 7.52 +/- 0.22 microliter/min), low flow (0.84 +/- 0.05 microliter/min), or no flow for 2 or 4 h. Mean shear stress was calculated to be 5.7 +/- 1.0 dyn/cm2 for high-flow arterioles and 1. 6 +/- 1.0 dyn/cm2 for low-flow arterioles. At the end of the treatment period, mRNA was isolated from each vessel, and ecNOS and SOD mRNA expression was assessed using a semiquantitative RT-PCR. All data were standardized by coamplifying ecNOS or SOD with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. The results indicate that ecNOS mRNA expression is increased in arterioles exposed to 2 or 4 h of high flow. In contrast, SOD mRNA expression was increased only after 4 h of high flow. Neither gene is induced by exposure to low flow. On the basis of these data, we concluded that ecNOS and SOD mRNA expression is regulated by flow in porcine coronary arterioles. In addition, we concluded that a threshold level of flow and shear stress must be sustained to elicit the upregulation of ecNOS and SOD mRNA expression. (+info)

Prominent arterioles. Angiolymphatic invasion common. Up to 10-15 mitotic figures per 10 HPF in most active areas. Tongue-like ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrial_stromal_sarcoma

... contraction of arterioles; dilatation of bronchioles; increased levels of blood sugar; sweating; widening of the pupils and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannon–Bard_theory

Dilate arterioles to skeletal muscle. In the normal eye, beta-2 stimulation by salbutamol increases intraocular pressure via ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-2_adrenergic_receptor

Affects capillaries, venules, or arterioles. Thought to be part of a group that includes granulomatosis with polyangiitis since ... or arterioles. Therefore, complement will be low with histology showing vessel inflammation with immune deposits. Vasculitis ... including venules and arterioles. Produces granulomatous inflammation of the respiratory tracts and necrotizing, pauci-immune ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necrotizing_vasculitis

Immediately following the arterioles are the capillaries. Following the logic observed in the arterioles, we expect the blood ... This is why[citation needed] the arterioles have the highest pressure-drop. The pressure drop of the arterioles is the product ... In the arterioles blood pressure is lower than in the major arteries. This is due to bifurcations, which cause a drop in ... The high resistance observed in the arterioles, which factor largely in the ∆P is a result of a smaller radius of about 30 µm. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemodynamics

"Significance of bright plaques in the retinal arterioles". JAMA. 178: 23-29. doi:10.1001/jama.1961.03040400025005. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Hollenhorst

ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Codes > Diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99) > Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries ( ... ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Codes > Diseases of the circulatory system (390-459) > Diseases of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythromelalgia

N Hollenhorst RW (1961). "Significance of bright plaques in the retinal arterioles". Jama 1961. 178: 23-29. doi:10.1001/jama. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollenhorst_plaque

In some subjects, arterioles and venules can be seen to run parallel with each other. Paired arterioles are generally smaller ... The bulbar conjunctival microvasculature contains arterioles, meta-arterioles, venules, capillaries, and communicating vessels ... Hypertension is associated with an increase in the tortuosity of bulbar conjunctival blood vessels and capillary and arteriole ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctiva

... s are substances that preferentially dilate arterioles. When used on people with certain heart conditions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteriolar_vasodilator

Efferent arterioles appear to play a lesser role; experimental evidence supports both vasoconstriction and vasodilation, with ... The muscle tension in the afferent arteriole is modified based on the difference between the sensed concentration and a target ... Constricting the smooth muscle cells in the afferent arteriole, results in a reduced concentration of chloride at the MD. TGF ... Adenosine constricts the afferent arteriole by binding with high affinity to the A1 receptors a Gi/Go. Adenosine binds with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubuloglomerular_feedback

Another determinant of vascular resistance is the pre-capillary arterioles. These arterioles are less than 100 µm in diameter. ... Because resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of vessel radius, changes to arteriole diameter can result in ... The major determinant of vascular resistance is small arteriolar (known as resistance arterioles) tone. These vessels are from ... Adenosine causes vasodilation in the small and medium-sized resistance arterioles (less than 100 µm in diameter). When ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_resistance

... angiotensin II also constricts the afferent arteriole into the glomerulus in addition to the efferent arteriole it normally ... Prostaglandins normally dilate the afferent arterioles of the glomeruli. This helps maintain normal glomerular perfusion and ... Since NSAIDs block this prostaglandin-mediated effect of afferent arteriole dilation, particularly in kidney failure, NSAIDs ... which removes angiotensin II's vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole) and a diuretic (which drops plasma volume, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonsteroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug

The myogenic mechanism is how arteries and arterioles react to an increase or decrease of blood pressure to keep the blood flow ... This is especially relevant in arterioles of the body. When blood pressure is increased in the blood vessels and the blood ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myogenic_mechanism

... located on the afferent arteriole wall). This leads to renin secretion that causes the angiotensinogen conversion to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renovascular_hypertension

The middle layer is poorly developed so that venules have thinner walls than arterioles. They are extremely porous so that ... Arteriole Woods, Susan (2010). Cardiac Nursing. New York: Lippincotts. p. 955. ISBN 9780781792806. MeSH A07.231.432.952. ... the blood stream and enter the lymph nodes via these specialized venules when an infection is detected.Compared with arterioles ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venule

The germinal centers are supplied by arterioles called penicilliary radicles. The spleen is unique in respect to its ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spleen

Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins make up the vasculature. The cardiovascular system circulates about 5 ... circulations take the blood through large arteries first and then branches into smaller arteries before reaching arterioles and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofluid_dynamics

Human arteries or arterioles that are around 0.2 mm or smaller contribute to creation of the blood flow resistance and are ... Resistance arteries are usually arterioles or end-points of arteries. Having thick muscular walls and narrow lumen they ... arterioles, pre- and postcapillaries. Metabolic vessels - capillaries Capacitance vessels - veins Particular feature of ... Arteriole Cardiovascular Physiology By William R. Milnor. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistance_artery

... down to the arterioles. The arterioles supply capillaries, which in turn empty into venules. The very first branches off of the ... Arterioles have the greatest collective influence on both local blood flow and on overall blood pressure. They are the primary ... Arterioles help in regulating blood pressure by the variable contraction of the smooth muscle of their walls, and deliver blood ... Systemic arteries deliver blood to the arterioles, and then to the capillaries, where nutrients and gases are exchanged. After ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artery

The arterioles end by opening freely into the splenic pulp; their walls become much attenuated, they lose their tubular ... The arterioles, supported by the minute trabeculae, traverse the pulp in all directions in bundles (penicilli) of straight ... The altered coat of the arterioles, consisting of adenoid tissue, presents here and there thickenings of a spheroidal shape, ... or central arterioles). Branches of the central arteries are given to the red pulp, and these are called penicillar arteries). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trabecular_arteries

However, this assumption fails when considering forward flow within arterioles. At the microscopic scale, the effects of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomechanics

It is continuous with the smooth muscles of the arterioles. It is outside the capillary lumen, but surrounded by capillaries. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesangium

The germinal centers are supplied by arterioles called penicilliary radicles. Up to the fifth month of prenatal development the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphatic_system

There, arterioles control the flow of blood to the capillaries. Arterioles contract and relax, varying their diameter and ... The microcirculation is composed of terminal arterioles, capillaries, and venules. Arterioles carry oxygenated blood to the ... Arterioles carry the blood to the capillaries, which are not innervated, have no smooth muscle, and are about 5-8 µm in ... Arterioles respond to metabolic stimuli that are generated in the tissues. When tissue metabolism increases, catabolic products ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcirculation

The rest passes into an efferent arteriole. The diameter of the efferent arteriole is smaller than that of the afferent, and ... Although the figure labels the efferent vessel as a vein, it is actually an arteriole.) Glomerulus is red; Bowman's capsule is ... The renal corpuscle has two poles - a vascular pole and a urinary pole.[citation needed] The arterioles from the renal ... It is located between the thick ascending limb and the afferent arteriole. It contains three components: the macula densa, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephron

The arterioles are thickened and occlusion by thrombi are occasionally present. Though a neuroma is a soft tissue abnormality ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morton's_neuroma

Atherosclerosis, by definition, affects only medium and large arteries (excluding arterioles). Macrovascular disease is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrovascular_disease

It appears that different signaling pathways regulate the constriction of capillaries by pericytes and of arterioles by smooth ... "Astrocytes mediate neurovascular signaling to capillary pericytes but not to arterioles." Nature Neuroscience. 19: 1619-1627. ... that neuronal activity increases local blood flow by inducing pericytes to dilate capillaries before upstream arteriole ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pericyte

Arterioles also constrict and dilate in response to different chemical concentrations. For example, they dilate in response to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_circulation

... Arterioles are the smallests vessels of the arterial system, with a diameter of about 1/3 millimeter or ... OTHER ARTERIOLES: Most of the arterioles in the body are affected to at least some extent by local chemical factors that adjust ... This is determined by the lumped effects of all the arterioles in the body and is termed the total peripheral resistance. ... The arterioles are absolutely a key effector organ in the control of mean arterial pressure. Recall our model for the arterial ...

http://courses.washington.edu/conj/heart/arterioles2011.htm

arterioles Arterioles are small, muscular branches of arteries. When they contract, they increase resistance to blood flow, and ...

http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Encyclopedia/Heart-and-Stroke-Encyclopedia_UCM_445084_Encyclopedia.jsp?levelSelected=1&title=arterioles

Efferent Arteriole. The efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus. Because it has a smaller diameter than the ... afferent arteriole, it creates some resistance to blood flow, producing the back-up of blood in the glomerulus which creates ...

http://www.innerbody.com/image_card08/card80-new.html

Parenchymal arterioles (PAs) are high-resistance vessels in the brain that connect pial vessels to the microcirculation. We ... BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Parenchymal arterioles (PAs) are high-resistance vessels in the brain that connect pial vessels to the ... Sensitivity of the contractile apparatus to calcium was measured in permeabilized arterioles using Staphylococcus aureus α- ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Postischemic-Reperfusion-Causes-Smooth-Muscle/24968928.html

Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a section through the wall of an arteriole, showing smooth muscle (brown), ... Caption: Arteriole. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a section through the wall of an arteriole, showing ... Keywords: anatomical, anatomy, arteriole, basal lamina, basement lamina, basement membrane, biological, biology, blood vessel, ...

http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/442820/view

Constriction of Pial Arterioles Produced by Prostaglandin F2α. WILLIAM I. ROSENBLUM ... Prostaglandin F2α constricted pial arterioles when locally applied to the cerebral surface. Norepinephrine and serotonin each ...

http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/6/3/293

Learn about Arterioles, the most highly regulated blood vessels in the body that contribute the most to the rise and fall in ... Arteriole Disorders When the body is functioning as it should, the arterioles help ensure that the blood pressure remains ... Arterioles share many of the properties of arteries. Theyre strong, have relatively thick walls, and contain a high percentage ... The specialized blood vessels known as arterioles may be small in stature, but they play a big role in heart health. As you ...

https://www.verywellhealth.com/part-3-arterioles-1763960

The dissection and isolation procedure of arterioles has been described previously.13 An ≈1-mm segment of an arteriole was ... Change in diameter of gracilis muscle arterioles of SHR in response to A23187 (n=11), NE (n=10), SNP (n=10), and ADO (n=7) in ... Arterioles that had been exposed to 17β-E2 overnight exhibited a significantly augmented dilation in response to increases in ... 17β-Estradiol Restores Endothelial Nitric Oxide Release to Shear Stress in Arterioles of Male Hypertensive Rats. An Huang, Dong ...

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/101/1/94

Regulation of angiotensin II receptor AT1 subtypes in renal afferent arterioles during chronic changes in sodium diet. Download ... Regulation of angiotensin II receptor AT1 subtypes in renal afferent arterioles during chronic changes in sodium diet. J Clin ... Regulation of Angiotensin II Receptor AT1 Subtypes in Renal Afferent Arterioles During Chronic Changes in Sodium Diet. J Clin ... Regulation of angiotensin II receptor AT1 subtypes in renal afferent arterioles during chronic changes in sodium diet.. J Clin ...

https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/9062366/Regulation_of_angiotensin_II_receptor_AT1_subtypes_in_renal_afferent_arterioles_during_chronic_changes_in_sodium_diet_

Skeletal muscle arterioles dilate in response to application of acetylcholine (ACh), eliciting a conducted vasodilation (CVD) ... In a separate subset of arterioles, the effect of augmenting vasomotor tone on CVD was tested using elevated O2 or ... Microiontophoresis of ACh evoked non-decremental CVD in both unbranched and bifurcating arterioles, supporting the role of an ... In summary, arteriolar networks in the mouse cremaster muscle exhibit robust dilation to ACh, which conducts along arterioles ...

https://mospace.umsystem.edu/xmlui/handle/10355/44847

Ang II elicited sustained increases in [Ca2+]i in both afferent and efferent arterioles. In the afferent arteriole (Figure 3⇓ ... Nifedipine blocked the Ang II-induced Ca2+ influx in afferent arterioles but not in efferent arterioles. In contrast to Ang II ... A, Afferent arteriole. Note presence of intraluminal gel. B, Myocyte from afferent arteriole. C, Myocyte from efferent ... This Ca2+ influx mechanism is absent in the efferent arteriole. In the efferent arteriole, Ang II activates a voltage- ...

http://circres.ahajournals.org/content/87/7/551

Upregulation of Arginase by H2O2 Impairs Endothelium-Dependent Nitric Oxide-Mediated Dilation of Coronary Arterioles. Naris ... Upregulation of Arginase by H2O2 Impairs Endothelium-Dependent Nitric Oxide-Mediated Dilation of Coronary Arterioles ... Upregulation of Arginase by H2O2 Impairs Endothelium-Dependent Nitric Oxide-Mediated Dilation of Coronary Arterioles ... Upregulation of Arginase by H2O2 Impairs Endothelium-Dependent Nitric Oxide-Mediated Dilation of Coronary Arterioles ...

http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/early/2006/06/22/01.ATV.0000233334.24805.62

Results: The diameter response was impaired in both study arterioles and control arterioles before focal laser photocoagulation ... In each patient a study arteriole supplying a focal area of macular oedema as well as a control arteriole supplying a retinal ... Aims: To study the effect of an acute increase in the arterial blood pressure on the diameter response of retinal arterioles ... Methods: In 17 diabetic patients the diameter response of arterioles after an increase in the arterial blood pressure induced ...

http://bjo.bmj.com/content/90/2/198

Ca2+ Signaling in Arteriole SMCs Induced by 5-HT. In response to 1 μM 5-HT, the arteriole SMCs responded with an increase in [ ... Ca2+ signaling induced by 5-HT in arteriole SMCs. An arteriole with an oblique orientation (illustrated by the inset drawing) ... Thus, while both airway and arteriole SMCs quickly contract in response to Ca2+, arteriole SMCs sustain longer contractions to ... Direct Action of KCl on Arteriole SMCs. To determine if KCl-induced arteriole contraction acts directly or indirectly by ...

http://jgp.rupress.org/content/125/6/555

Guarda Foto stock di Red And White Blood Cells Within An Arteriole Arteries Branch Into Arterioles Within Organs And Deliver ... Red and white blood cells within an arteriole. Arteries branch into arterioles within organs and deliver blood to the ...

https://www.gettyimages.it/detail/foto/red-and-white-blood-cells-within-an-arteriole-fotografie-stock/vis900019

Regulation of vasomotor tone in the afferent and efferent arterioles Heterogeneity of the afferent arteriole-correlations ... Free radicals mediate endothelial dysfunction of coronary arterioles in diabetes Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in ... Heterogeneity of the afferent arteriole-correlations between morphology and function Permissive effect of nitric oxide in ... By their constriction and dilation, under the regulation of the sympathetic nervous system, arterioles are the principal ...

http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095426547

Words related to arterioles:. = 48 && event.charCode <= 57 value="Num letters..." onfocus="inputFocus(this)" onblur="inputBlur ...

http://rhymezone.com/r/rhyme.cgi?Word=arterioles&org1=syl&org2=l&org3=y&typeofrhyme=syn

... hands caused by spasms in arterioles (small arteries) of the skin. Less commonly, the feet are affected. The fingers or toes ... of the smallest arteries, or arterioles, is reached. The threadlike arterioles carry blood to networks of microscopic vessels ... In arterioles, the tunica intima is still present as a lining covered by a layer of thin longitudinal fibres; however,… ... The transition from artery to arteriole is a gradual one, marked by a progressive thinning of the vessel wall and a decrease in ...

https://www.britannica.com/science/arteriole

Arteries and arterioles: …off short branches called the afferent arterioles, which carry blood to the glomeruli where they ... Other articles where Afferent arteriole is discussed: renal system: ... In renal system: Arteries and arterioles. …off short branches called the afferent arterioles, which carry blood to the ... of plasma so that the afferent arterioles skim off more plasma than cells. If the arteriolar blood pressure rises, the skimming ...

https://www.britannica.com/science/afferent-arteriole

Definition of capillary arteriole. Provided by Stedmans medical dictionary and Drugs.com. Includes medical terms and ...

https://www.drugs.com/dict/capillary-arteriole.html

precapillary arteriole synonyms, precapillary arteriole pronunciation, precapillary arteriole translation, English dictionary ... definition of precapillary arteriole. n. One of the small terminal branches of an artery, especially one that connects with a ... arteriole. (redirected from precapillary arteriole). Also found in: Thesaurus, Medical, Encyclopedia.. Related to precapillary ... arteriole. (ɑːˈtɪərɪˌəʊl) n. (Anatomy) anatomy any of the small subdivisions of an artery that form thin-walled vessels ending ...

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/precapillary+arteriole

Afferent arterioles were perfused at 60 mm Hg to provide some basal tone and incubated with graded concentration of H2O2 for 15 ... TP receptor-mediated vasoconstriction in microperfused afferent arterioles: role O2- and NO. Am J Physiol. 2000;48:F302-F308. ... Superoxide Modulates Myogenic Contractions of Mouse Afferent Arterioles. En Yin Lai, Anton Wellstein, William J. Welch, ... Angiotensin II, reactive oxygen species, and Ca2+ signaling in afferent arterioles. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2005;289:F1012- ...

http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/58/4/650

G. L. Baumbach, C. D. Sigmund, T. Bottiglieri, and S. R. Lentz, "Structure of cerebral arterioles in cystathionine β-synthase- ... G. L. Baumbach, C. D. Sigmund, and F. M. Faraci, "Structure of cerebral arterioles in mice deficient in expression of the gene ... G. L. Baumbach, S. P. Didion, and F. M. Faraci, "Hypertrophy of cerebral arterioles in mice deficient in expression of the gene ... G. L. Baumbach, P. B. Dobrin, M. N. Hart, and D. D. Heistad, "Mechanics of cerebral arterioles in hypertensive rats," ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijhy/2013/793630/ref/

Treatment of visceral arterioles with L-NAME (light gray, triangle symbol) completely abolished indomethacin-induced ... Arterioles from visceral fat exhibited impaired endothelium-dependent, acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation, compared to the ... Cyclooxygenase inhibition improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction of visceral adipose arterioles in human obesity.. Farb MG1 ... Vasomotor function was assessed in response to endothelium-dependent agonists using videomicroscopy of small arterioles from ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23640904

Synonyms for arteriole at Thesaurus.com with free online thesaurus, antonyms, and definitions. Find descriptive alternatives ... RELATED WORDS AND SYNONYMS FOR ARTERIOLE. blood vessel. nounblood flow pathway ...

https://www.thesaurus.com/browse/arteriole

... changes in neural activity to alterations in cerebral blood flow by eliciting vasoconstriction or vasodilation of arterioles. ... Brain metabolism dictates the polarity of astrocyte control over arterioles Nature. 2008 Dec 11;456(7223):745-9. doi: 10.1038/ ... changes in neural activity to alterations in cerebral blood flow by eliciting vasoconstriction or vasodilation of arterioles. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18971930/?dopt=Abstract

Effect of intermittent normoxia on muscularization of pulmonary arterioles induced by chronic hypoxia in rats.. Kay JM, Suyama ... We studied the effect of continuous and intermittent normoxia for 6 and 20 wk on the muscularization of pulmonary arterioles in ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6452844?dopt=Abstract

Arterioles of the Lenticular Nucleus in CADASIL. Qing Miao, Timo Paloneva, Seppo Tuisku, Susanna Roine, Minna Poyhonen, Matti ... Arterioles of the Lenticular Nucleus in CADASIL. Qing Miao, Timo Paloneva, Seppo Tuisku, Susanna Roine, Minna Poyhonen, Matti ... Arterioles of the Lenticular Nucleus in CADASIL. Qing Miao, Timo Paloneva, Seppo Tuisku, Susanna Roine, Minna Poyhonen, Matti ...

http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/early/2006/07/27/01.STR.0000236838.84150.c2

1. Measurements of the internal diameters and lengths of branchless segments of mesenteric arterioles of frogs and mice show ... Saunders and Knisely (63) found that the maximal internal diameters to which the terminal mesenteric arterioles can distend as ... Saunders and Knisely (63) found unagglutinated blood flowing at physiologic rates through terminal arterioles as narrow as, ...

http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/16357939/concerning-geometric-shapes-arteries-arterioles

This manuscript describes a simple and reproducible protocol for isolation of intracerebral arterioles (a group of blood ... a group of blood vessels encompassing parenchymal arterioles, penetrating arterioles and pre-capillary arterioles) from mice, ... This manuscript describes a simple and reproducible protocol for isolation of intracerebral arterioles ( ...

https://www.jove.com/v/53835/isolation-and-cannulation-of-cerebral-parenchymal-arterioles

Cadmium Toxicity on Arterioles Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Benny Washington 1,* , Shunta ... "Cadmium Toxicity on Arterioles Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats." Int. J. Environ. Res. Public ... Cadmium Toxicity on Arterioles Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. International Journal of ... Washington, B.; Williams, S.; Armstrong, P.; Mtshali, C.; Robinson, J.T.; Myles, E.L. Cadmium Toxicity on Arterioles Vascular ...

http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/3/4/323/xml

reported that, in the retinal arterioles, UI caused vasodilation only in endothelin-1 (ET-1)-pre-contracted arterioles but did ... Previous studies have reported the involvement of various K channels in the vasodilation of the retinal arterioles [9,10,12,18, ... Dilation of retinal arterioles induced by UI. The basal tone in all vessels (n=38) ranged from 53% to 78% (average, ~59% ± 4%) ... Cannulated, pressurized arterioles were bathed in physiologic salt solution (PSS) with albumin (0.1%) at 36 to 37 °C to allow ...

http://www.molvis.org/molvis/v21/699/

What is capillary arteriole? Meaning of capillary arteriole medical term. What does capillary arteriole mean? ... Looking for online definition of capillary arteriole in the Medical Dictionary? capillary arteriole explanation free. ... capillary arteriole. cap·il·lar·y ar·te·ri·ole. a minute artery that terminates in a capillary. ... Capillary arteriole , definition of capillary arteriole by Medical dictionary https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ ...

https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/capillary+arteriole

Arteriole (Science: anatomy) a minute artery, especially one that leads to a capillary. One of the small thin-walled arteries ... These arterioles get progressively smaller the more distanced they are from the heart, as most of the blood supply is required ... that end in capillaries.Arterioles are responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to all over the body. ... Retrieved from "https://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/index.php?title=Arteriole&oldid=83013" ...

https://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Arteriole

Functional Assessment of Isolated Coronary Arterioles. Individual left ventricular subepicardial arterioles (≈1 mm in length; ... In coronary arterioles isolated from normotensive pigs, both adenosine (Figure 1A) and serotonin (Figure 1B) produced a dose- ... Coronary arterioles (5 to 7 vessels/sample, ≈100 μm inner diameter, 1 to 2 mm in length) from normotensive and hypertensive ... Coronary arterioles from normotensive (NT) and hypertensive (HT) pigs were isolated and pressurized for in vitro study. NT ...

http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/44/6/935

In contrast, vasomotion and dynamic Ca2+ signals were rarely observed in ear arterioles of anesthetized exMLCK biosensor mice. ... In contrast, vasomotion and dynamic Ca2+ signals were rarely observed in ear arterioles of anesthetized exMLCK biosensor mice. ... In a typical arteriole with an average diameter of ~35 μm, oscillatory vasomotion of a 5-6 μm magnitude was accompanied by ... In a typical arteriole with an average diameter of ~35 μm, oscillatory vasomotion of a 5-6 μm magnitude was accompanied by ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2014.00387/full

Study finds that arterioles in the palms of fibromyalgia patients are overly dilated, which causes over-sensitization of the ... OBJECTIVE: To determine if peripheral neuropathology exists among the innervation of cutaneous arterioles and arteriole-venule ... Simply put, the arterioles in people with FM are remaining too dilated, which the researchers say is causing the nerves to ... They discovered that people with FM had more vasodilation in the tiny little arterioles (smaller than arteries) that connect to ...

http://www.prohealth.com/fibromyalgia/library/showarticle.cfm?libid=18149

JoVE publishes peer-reviewed scientific video protocols to accelerate biological, medical, chemical and physical research. Watch our scientific video articles.

https://www.jove.com/v/53835?language=Norwegian

Methods: Human adipose arterioles were incubated in either euglycemic (NG, 5mM) or hyperglycemic (HG, 33mM) buffer for 4 hours ... Mitochondrial Uncoupling with CCCP Reverses Acute Hyperglycemia Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Human Arterioles. Jingli ... Mitochondrial uncoupling agents could potentially reverse endothelial dysfunction due to HG in intact human arterioles. ... Mitochondrial Uncoupling with CCCP Reverses Acute Hyperglycemia Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Human Arterioles ...

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/118/Suppl_18/S_299.3

http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#Arteriole SYN LOOM ...

https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/OBA?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.obolibrary.org%2Fobo%2FUBERON_0001980

Fluorescence deconvolution micrograph of a section through kidney tissue, showing an arteriole (upper right to lower left), a ... Caption: Kidney arteriole. Fluorescence deconvolution micrograph of a section through kidney tissue, showing an arteriole ( ... Keywords: anatomical, anatomy, arteriole, biological, biology, blood, blood vessel, cell biology, cell nuclei, cells, cellular ...

http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/575777/view

Arteries branch into arterioles within organs and deliver blood to the capillaries. (gettyimages.it)
The main difference between arteries and arterioles is that arteries are the major blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood whereas arterioles are the small branches of arteries that lead to capillaries . (pediaa.com)
These arteries further branch into arterioles and capillaries at tissues . (pediaa.com)
Arterioles are the small branches of arteries that lead to capillaries. (pediaa.com)

Skeletal muscle arterioles dilate in response to application of acetylcholine (ACh), eliciting a conducted vasodilation (CVD) that travels along unbranched segments without decrement. (umsystem.edu)

When arteries have decreased in size to less than 300 micrometers or one-hundredth of an inch, they're referred to as arterioles. (verywellhealth.com)
Arterioles share many of the properties of arteries. (verywellhealth.com)
Arteries and arterioles are two types of blood vessels that mainly carry oxygenated blood . (pediaa.com)
The main function of both arteries and arterioles is to carry nutrients and oxygen to different types of tissues in the body. (pediaa.com)
Like arteries, arterioles are strong and elastic blood vessels, which are composed of smooth muscle layers. (pediaa.com)
Arteries and arterioles carry oxygenated blood. (pediaa.com)
Both arteries and arterioles occur together in a closed circulation system. (pediaa.com)
Both arteries and arterioles are elastic blood vessels, consisting of muscular walls. (pediaa.com)
Both arteries and arterioles consist of a lumen. (pediaa.com)
Both arteries and arterioles are under the control of the sympathetic nervous system. (pediaa.com)

The constriction and the dilation of arterioles are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system . (pediaa.com)
The constriction of arterioles causes the blood pressure to increase while dilation of arterioles causes the blood pressure to decrease. (pediaa.com)

Reduced, preserved or even augmented dilations of coronary arterioles have been reported in subjects with type 2 diabetes. (elsevier.com)

Atherosclerosis , as well as, arterial stenosis may affect the blood flow through the arteriole. (pediaa.com)

The function of the arterioles, therefore, is to regulate blood pressure so that it remains steady and less prone to fluctuation. (verywellhealth.com)

The specialized blood vessels known as arterioles may be small in stature, but they play a big role in heart health. (verywellhealth.com)
As the most highly regulated blood vessels in the body, arterioles also have the distinction of contributing the most to the rise and fall of blood pressure. (verywellhealth.com)
Arterioles are the most highly-regulated blood vessels in a circulation system. (pediaa.com)

RT-PCR assays revealed the expression of both angiotensin II receptor type 1A (AT(1A)) and angiotensin II receptor type 1B (AT(1B)) subtypes in freshly isolated afferent arterioles, while there was very little AT2 receptor expression. (unboundmedicine.com)

In summary, arteriolar networks in the mouse cremaster muscle exhibit robust dilation to ACh, which conducts along arterioles and across branch points without decrement, suggesting the contribution of both active and passive mechanisms. (umsystem.edu)

In a separate subset of arterioles, the effect of augmenting vasomotor tone on CVD was tested using elevated O2 or phenylephrine (PE) in the superfusion solution vs. control. (umsystem.edu)

The pulmonary artery distributes blood to the alveoli via intrapulmonary arteries and arterioles that follow the branching pattern of the airways. (rupress.org)
Intracerebral parenchymal arterioles (PAs), which include parenchymal arterioles, penetrating arterioles and pre-capillary arterioles, are high resistance blood vessels branching out from pial arteries and arterioles and diving into the brain parenchyma. (unr.edu)
Arteries and arterioles are two types of blood vessels that mainly carry oxygenated blood . (pediaa.com)
The main difference between arteries and arterioles is that arteries are the major blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood whereas arterioles are the small branches of arteries that lead to capillaries . (pediaa.com)
The main function of both arteries and arterioles is to carry nutrients and oxygen to different types of tissues in the body. (pediaa.com)
Arteries and arterioles carry oxygenated blood. (pediaa.com)
Both arteries and arterioles occur together in a closed circulation system. (pediaa.com)
Both arteries and arterioles are elastic blood vessels, consisting of muscular walls. (pediaa.com)
Both arteries and arterioles consist of a lumen. (pediaa.com)
Both arteries and arterioles are under the control of the sympathetic nervous system. (pediaa.com)
Nephrosclerosis, hardening of the walls of the small arteries and arterioles (small arteries that convey blood from arteries to the even smaller capillaries) of the kidney. (kidneytreatment.site)
Similar to other vascular beds, retinal pressure autoregulation is thought to be mediated largely through the myogenic response of small arteries and arterioles which constrict when transmural pressure increases or dilate when it decreases. (disease-connect.org)
Overall, these early studies left many unanswered questions, not least whether a similar mechanism operates in native ECs that are coupled to each other and, in many smaller arteries and arterioles, to the adjacent vascular SMCs via gap junctions. (ox.ac.uk)
Electrophysiological evidence from ECs in isolation is compared with those in intact arteries and arterioles and the possible physiological relevance of EC Ca(2+) entry driven by hyperpolarization discussed. (ox.ac.uk)
I77.89 is a billable ICD code used to specify a diagnosis of other specified disorders of arteries and arterioles. (icd.codes)

The efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus. (innerbody.com)
In the efferent arteriole, Ang II appears to stimulate Ca 2+ entry via store-operated Ca 2+ influx. (ahajournals.org)
For example, atrial natriuretic peptide dilates the afferent arteriole and constricts the efferent arteriole to increase GFR, 1 whereas thromboxane preferentially constricts the afferent arteriole, decreasing GFR. (ahajournals.org)
For example, angiotensin II (Ang II), which is capable of constricting both vessels, 3 preferentially constricts the efferent arteriole in the setting of renal arterial stenosis, thereby maintaining PGC and GFR in the face of reduced perfusion pressure. (ahajournals.org)
7 The efferent arteriole is a notable exception. (ahajournals.org)
The present study was undertaken to determine whether Ang II activates distinct Ca 2+ entry mechanisms in the afferent and efferent arteriole. (ahajournals.org)
We investigated whether altered renal afferent-efferent arteriole tonus or alterations in tubular Na+ transport (T(Na)) in response to C-peptide administration mediate the reduction of diabetes-induced glomerular hyperfiltration. (diva-portal.org)
C-peptide reduced diabetes-induced hyperfiltration via a net dilation of the efferent arteriole and inhibition of tubular Na+ reabsorption, both potent regulators of the glomerular net filtration pressure. (diva-portal.org)
On the other hand, constriction of the efferent arteriole raises glomerular filtration pressure, thereby maintaining or even increasing GFR despite a drop in RBF and thus causing an increase in filtration fraction (GFR/RBF). (slideplayer.com)
Angiotensin II A potent vasoconstrictor Causes a rise in filtration fraction Predominant action on the efferent arteriole Endothelin The endothelins are vasoconstrictor peptides mediated usually through ETB receptors. (slideplayer.com)
The afferent arteriole is more sensitive to the vasoconstrictor action of ET-1 than the efferent arteriole. (slideplayer.com)
The afferent arteriole is more sensitive than the efferent arteriole to the vasodilator effects of NO. The main action of NO is to modulate the action of angiotensin. (slideplayer.com)
What Is an Efferent Arteriole? (reference.com)

The transition from artery to arteriole is a gradual one, marked by a progressive thinning of the vessel wall and a decrease in the size of the lumen, or passageway. (britannica.com)
The vessel is an arteriole, a small artery. (fineartamerica.com)
Layers in an artery and arteriole. (brainscape.com)
While these studies provided valuable information, it is difficult to know how well the responses of SMCs of the pulmonary artery reflect the physiology of small intrapulmonary arterioles. (rupress.org)
Arterioles are the smallest type of artery. (medicalnewstoday.com)
We demonstrate that this conjugated nanoparticle binds to CVA deposits in arterioles of AD transgenic mice (Tg2576) after infusion into the external carotid artery using 3 different approaches. (elsevier.com)

In skeletal muscle arterioles, this feedback can be activated by Ca 2+ signals passing from smooth muscle through gap junctions to endothelial cells, which protrude through holes in the internal elastic lamina to make contact with vascular smooth muscle cells. (sciencemag.org)
Skeletal muscle arterioles dilate in response to application of acetylcholine (ACh), eliciting a conducted vasodilation (CVD) that travels along unbranched segments without decrement. (umsystem.edu)
On the basis of studies of endothelial cells in culture, suggesting that platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) is specifically involved in sensing and coupling high temporal gradients of fluid shear stress with activation of eNOS, we hypothesized that dilations of isolated skeletal muscle arterioles from PECAM-1 knockout mice (PECAM-KO) will be reduced to rapid increases in WSS elicited by increases in perfusate flow. (ahajournals.org)
Nitric oxide-dependent relaxation and prostaglandin-mediated vasodilation are both impaired in skeletal muscle arterioles of spontaneously hypertensive rats. (alpfmedical.info)
Our data suggest that anandamide may cause a complete (albeit phosphorylation-dependent) desensitization of TRPV1 in skeletal muscle arterioles and in CHO-TRPV1 cells, which apparently transforms the ligand-gated TRPV1 into a phosphorylation-gated channel. (elsevier.com)

Thus, rat kidneys with oxidative stress caused by transforming growth factor-β 9 or by a high salt intake and angiotensin II infusion 10 had impaired myogenic responses that were preserved by the redox-cycling nitroxide Tempol, 11 whereas exposure of cerebral arterioles to ROS abolished autoregulation. (ahajournals.org)
Prostaglandin F 2α constricted pial arterioles when locally applied to the cerebral surface. (ahajournals.org)
These arterioles are a central player in the regulation of cerebral blood flow both globally (cerebrovascular autoregulation) and locally (functional hyperemia). (unr.edu)
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ethanol exposure on responses of cerebral arterioles in vivo. (elsevier.com)
In non-ethanol-fed rats, acetylcholine, histamine, and ADP produced dose-related dilatation of cerebral arterioles. (elsevier.com)
Thus these findings suggest that chronic ethanol exposure impairs responses of cerebral arterioles to agonists, which produce dilatation via the release of an endothelium-derived relaxing factor. (elsevier.com)
Mayhan, W 1992, ' Responses of cerebral arterioles during chronic ethanol exposure ', American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology , vol. 262, no. 3 31-3. (elsevier.com)
Our data suggests that from young to middle-age, a well-regulated capillary oxygen supply maintains the oxygen availability in cerebral tissue, despite decreased tissue pO 2 next to arterioles. (nature.com)
Notable in this context, we recently reported that increases in extracellular K + concentration ([K + ] o ), such as those evoked by neuronal activity, trigger an ascending hyperpolarizing signal that dilates upstream arterioles and enhances capillary red blood cell (RBC) flux and cerebral blood flow ( 3 ). (pnas.org)
Our goal was to examine whether in utero exposure to alcohol impaired reactivity of cerebral arterioles during development. (nebraska.edu)
Around 4-6 weeks after birth, we examined reactivity of cerebral arterioles to eNOS- (ADP) and nNOS-dependent (NMDA) agonists in the offspring. (nebraska.edu)
We found that in utero exposure to alcohol attenuated responses of cerebral arterioles to ADP and NMDA, but not to nitroglycerin in rats exposed to alcohol in utero. (nebraska.edu)
Our findings suggest that in utero exposure to alcohol impairs eNOS and nNOS reactivity of cerebral arterioles via a chronic increase in oxidative stress. (nebraska.edu)
Cananzi, SG & Mayhan, WG 2019, ' In utero exposure to alcohol alters reactivity of cerebral arterioles ', Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism , vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 332-341. (nebraska.edu)

7 Recently, ROS have been implicated in the enhanced myogenic contractions of renal afferent arterioles from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), 8 although the more modest myogenic contractions of normotensive rats were independent of ROS. (ahajournals.org)
Background -Endothelial nitric oxide (NO)-mediated responses are impaired in arterioles of male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), but they are still present in female SHR. (ahajournals.org)
In addition to an enhanced response to vasoconstrictor stimuli, arterioles of hypertensive animals exhibit an impaired relaxation in response to a variety of vasodilator stimuli including hypoxia, shear stress, and endothelium-dependent vasodilators, such as acetylcholine (ACh). (alpfmedical.info)
Impaired relaxation of arterioles to endothelium-dependent vasodilator stimuli such as ACh has also been demonstrated in human hypertensive patients . (alpfmedical.info)
In the latter case, arterioles and resistance arteries of hypertensive animals and normotensive animals on high-salt diet not only exhibit impaired relaxation in response to vasoactive agonists acting through the cyclic AMP pathway of vascular relaxation, but also fail to respond to direct activation of the alpha subunit of the Gs protein with cholera toxin. (alpfmedical.info)
Agonists such as norepineph-rine and acetylcholine also cause an increased release of the endothelium-dependent vasoconstrictors thromboxane A2 and/or PGH2 in arterioles and resistance arteries of hypertensive rats, leading to a reduced sensitivity to acetylcholine and to an enhanced vasoconstrictor response to norepinephrine. (alpfmedical.info)
As noted earlier, arteriolar dilation in response to the physiological stimulus of increased flow or shear stress is also impaired in arterioles of hypertensive rats. (alpfmedical.info)
The impaired relaxation of arterioles of spontaneously hypertensive rats in response to increased flow and shear stress appears to be due to an impairment of the NO-mediated portion of flow-dependent dilation, but may also involve an enhanced release of endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor factors such as PGH2. (alpfmedical.info)
Afferent arterioles in hypertensive kidneys showed a significant. (kidneytreatment.site)

1 Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the increased vascular reactivity of the renal afferent arterioles to angiotensin II in states of oxidative stress. (ahajournals.org)
2 The relative reactivity of the afferent versus efferent arterioles to vasoconstrictors is also modified by physiological or pathophysiological conditions. (ahajournals.org)
Accordingly, we hypothesized that loss of sex hormones impairs afferent arteriole reactivity to ET-1. (springer.com)
These data demonstrate that sex does not significantly influence afferent arteriole reactivity to ET receptor activation. (springer.com)
Further, we show examples of experiments that can be performed with these arterioles, including agonist-induced constriction and myogenic reactivity. (unr.edu)

This manuscript describes a simple and reproducible protocol for isolation of intracerebral arterioles (a group of blood vessels encompassing parenchymal arterioles, penetrating arterioles and pre-capillary arterioles) from mice, to be used in pressure myography, immunofluorescence, biochemistry, and molecular studies. (jove.com)
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Parenchymal arterioles (PAs) are high-resistance vessels in the brain that connect pial vessels to the microcirculation. (biomedsearch.com)

Effect of intermittent normoxia on muscularization of pulmonary arterioles induced by chronic hypoxia in rats. (nih.gov)
We studied the effect of continuous and intermittent normoxia for 6 and 20 wk on the muscularization of pulmonary arterioles in rats with chronic hypoxic hypertension. (nih.gov)
Control afferent arteriole diameters at 100 mmHg were similar between sham male and female rats averaging 14.6 ± 0.3 and 15.3 ± 0.3 μm, respectively. (springer.com)

FRET-based biosensor mice and two-photon imaging provided the first measurements of [Ca 2+ ] in vascular smooth muscle cells in arterioles of conscious animals. (frontiersin.org)
Endothelial cells protrude through holes in the internal elastic lamina in arterioles to make contact with vascular smooth muscle cells. (sciencemag.org)
Activation of GLP-1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells reduces the autoregulatory response in afferent arterioles and increases renal blood flow. (semanticscholar.org)
Here, we review and extend previous work on the expression and spatial distribution of the plasma membrane and sarcoplasmic reticulum ion channels present in retinal vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and discuss their contribution to pressure-induced myogenic tone in retinal arterioles. (disease-connect.org)

We previously found that capsaicin can dilate third-order arterioles in striated muscle by a mechanism that appears to involve release of endogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). (aspetjournals.org)
They found a reduced ability to dilate of the brain arterioles in patients with MS in respect to control participants. (jamanetwork.com)

Porcine retinal arterioles were isolated, cannulated, and pressurized without flow in vitro. (molvis.org)
To exclude systemic confounding effects, porcine retinal arterioles were isolated for vasoreactivity and molecular studies. (arvojournals.org)

Furthermore, 7-NI treatment abolished the glutamate-induced dilatation of pial arterioles. (elsevier.com)
We conclude that NO may be involved in aprikalim-induced dilation of pial arterioles. (elsevier.com)

4] causes inflammation resulting in arteriole occlusion and hypertension," said Joanne Quan, MD, Chief Medical Officer at Eiger. (thefreedictionary.com)
It has been proposed that the elevated hemodynamic forces present in hypertension may initiate alterations of signaling pathways in the endothelium and smooth muscle cells of arterioles that could, in turn, enhance the release of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide. (alpfmedical.info)

Cyclooxygenase inhibition improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction of visceral adipose arterioles in human obesity. (nih.gov)
Vasomotor function was assessed in response to endothelium-dependent agonists using videomicroscopy of small arterioles from fat. (nih.gov)
In the current study, we examined the direct effect and underlying mechanism of the vasomotor action of fenofibrate in porcine retinal arterioles. (arvojournals.org)
In a separate subset of arterioles, the effect of augmenting vasomotor tone on CVD was tested using elevated O2 or phenylephrine (PE) in the superfusion solution vs. control. (umsystem.edu)

Interaction between endogenously produced carbon monoxide and nitric oxide in regulation of renal afferent arterioles. (semanticscholar.org)

Nitric oxide synthase inhibition activates L- and T-type Ca2+ channels in afferent and efferent arterioles. (semanticscholar.org)
Advective transport of nitric oxide in a mathematical model of the afferent arteriole. (semanticscholar.org)
This appears to be due to an impaired synthesis and/or action of nitric oxide (including reduced bioavailability of NO due to increased oxidative stress) and alterations in the metabolism of arachidonic acid to favor an enhanced production of the vasoconstrictor metabolite PGH2 and a reduced production of vasodilator prostaglandins in the arterioles. (alpfmedical.info)

By their constriction and dilation, under the regulation of the sympathetic nervous system, arterioles are the principal controllers of blood flow and pressure. (oup.com)

Human adipose arterioles were incubated in either euglycemic (NG, 5mM) or hyperglycemic (HG, 33mM) buffer for 4 hours. (ahajournals.org)

Acute hemolysis triggered the development of αIIbβ3-dependent platelet-rich thrombi in precapillary pulmonary arterioles, which led to the transient impairment of pulmonary blood flow. (jci.org)
These findings are the first in vivo studies to suggest that acute intravascular hemolysis promotes ADP-dependent platelet activation leading to thrombosis in the pre-capillary pulmonary arterioles and that thrombin generation most likely does not play a significant role in the pathogenesis of acute hemolysis-triggered pulmonary thrombosis. (jci.org)

hands caused by spasms in arterioles (small arteries) of the skin. (britannica.com)
their very small branches are arterioles. (britannica.com)
constriction of small arteries (arterioles), which causes an increase in blood pressure. (britannica.com)
Arterioles are small, muscular branches of arteries. (heart.org)
Cutaneous arterioles and AVS receive a convergence of vasoconstrictive sympathetic innervation, and vasodilatory small-fiber sensory innervation. (prohealth.com)
Also, if such glands are found in close proximity to a thick-walled, medium or small arteriole , it most likely represents an invasive adenocarcinoma. (thefreedictionary.com)
Arterioles are small branches of arteries. (gettyimages.es)
The contributions of active and passive wall tension to regulation of arteriolar diameters were determined for large (1A), intermediate (2A), and small (3A) arterioles in the small intestine of the anesthetized rat. (elsevier.com)
T(a) was ~90% of peak active tension (T(a,peak)) for large through small arterioles, even though absolute T(a) varied by fourfold. (elsevier.com)

At rest, sympathetic nerves constrict the arterioles in muscle. (washington.edu)
To compensate, the efferent arterioles constrict to a greater degree than the other arteries, in response to increased levels of angiotensin II. (jakearchibald.com)

The image captures the transition of an arteriole as it loses its internal elastic lamina (black arrow). (arkanalabs.com)

Isolated and pressurized retinal arterioles developed basal tone and constricted in a manner dependent on concentration to ET-1. (arvojournals.org)

Results indicate that in isolated renal arterioles AP III dilates preconstricted AA but constricts EA that have either not been pretreated or have been preconstricted with other agonists. (physiology.org)

Pharmacological inhibition of cyclooxygenase with indomethacin improved endothelium-dependent vasodilator function of arterioles from visceral fat by twofold (P = 0.01), whereas indomethacin had no effect in the subcutaneous depot. (nih.gov)
Fenofibrate elicits mainly endothelium-dependent dilation of retinal arterioles. (arvojournals.org)

Abstract -Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced Ca 2+ signaling was studied in isolated rat renal arterioles using fura-2. (ahajournals.org)

They are passing through the lumen (pink) of the arteriole. (fineartamerica.com)

Anatomy20

Organisms7

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs25

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Phenomena and Processes11

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science1

Calcium responses induced by acetylcholine in submucosal arterioles of the guinea-pig small intestine. (1/2323)

Interaction of amylin with calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors in the microvasculature of the hamster cheek pouch in vivo. (2/2323)

Spread of vasodilatation and vasoconstriction along feed arteries and arterioles of hamster skeletal muscle. (3/2323)

Neovascularization at the vascular pole region in diabetic glomerulopathy. (4/2323)

Inhibition of NO synthesis or endothelium removal reveals a vasoconstrictor effect of insulin on isolated arterioles. (5/2323)

Conducted signals within arteriolar networks initiated by bioactive amino acids. (6/2323)

Endothelin antagonists block alpha1-adrenergic constriction of coronary arterioles. (7/2323)

Flow regulation of ecNOS and Cu/Zn SOD mRNA expression in porcine coronary arterioles. (8/2323)

Arterioles

Pia Mater

Vasodilation

Venules

Retinal Artery

Vasoconstriction

Microcirculation

Vasodilator Agents

Muscle, Smooth, Vascular

Cheek

Nitric Oxide

Endothelium, Vascular

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

Microscopy, Video

Vasomotor System

Vasoconstrictor Agents

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Capillaries

Acetylcholine

Nitroarginine

Cerebral Arteries

Nitroprusside

Mesoporphyrins

NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester

Regional Blood Flow

Renal Circulation

Coronary Vessels

Arteries

Nitric Oxide Synthase

Swine, Miniature

Vascular Resistance

Blood Pressure

Enzyme Inhibitors

Mesocricetus

Muscle, Skeletal

Hydronephrosis

Retinal Vessels

Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III

Kidney Glomerulus

Adenosine

Muscle Tonus

Indomethacin

Rats, Inbred WKY

Rats, Inbred SHR

Norepinephrine

Swine

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

Blood Flow Velocity

Kidney

Potassium Chloride

Rats, Wistar

Bradykinin

Hydrazines

15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid

Microvessels

Angiotensin II

Retinal Vein

Cyclic N-Oxides

Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors

Prostaglandins

Glyburide

Corrosion Casting

Stress, Mechanical

Potassium Channel Blockers

Mesentery

Pimozide

Perfusion

Calcium responses induced by acetylcholine in submucosal arterioles of the guinea-pig small intestine. (1/2323)

Interaction of amylin with calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors in the microvasculature of the hamster cheek pouch in vivo. (2/2323)

Spread of vasodilatation and vasoconstriction along feed arteries and arterioles of hamster skeletal muscle. (3/2323)

Neovascularization at the vascular pole region in diabetic glomerulopathy. (4/2323)

Inhibition of NO synthesis or endothelium removal reveals a vasoconstrictor effect of insulin on isolated arterioles. (5/2323)

Conducted signals within arteriolar networks initiated by bioactive amino acids. (6/2323)

Endothelin antagonists block alpha1-adrenergic constriction of coronary arterioles. (7/2323)

Flow regulation of ecNOS and Cu/Zn SOD mRNA expression in porcine coronary arterioles. (8/2323)

Renal arteriolar angiotensin responses during varied adenosine receptor activation. | Hypertension

Role of nNOS in Regulation of Renal Function in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension | Hypertension

Homocysteine Inhibition of Endothelium-Dependent Nitric Oxide-Mediated Dilation of Porcine Retinal Arterioles via Enhanced...

Vascular Endothelium and Smooth Muscle Remodeling Accompanies Hypertrophy of Intestinal Arterioles in Streptozotocin Diabetic...

Impaired retinal autoregulation in small retinal arterioles before and after focal laser treatment for diabetic maculopathy |...