Arteries: The vessels carrying blood away from the heart.Blood Flow Velocity: A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.Cerebral Arteries: The arterial blood vessels supplying the CEREBRUM.Femoral Artery: The main artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery.Middle Cerebral Artery: The largest of the cerebral arteries. It trifurcates into temporal, frontal, and parietal branches supplying blood to most of the parenchyma of these lobes in the CEREBRAL CORTEX. These are the areas involved in motor, sensory, and speech activities.Regional Blood Flow: The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.Pulmonary Artery: The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs.Carotid Arteries: Either of the two principal arteries on both sides of the neck that supply blood to the head and neck; each divides into two branches, the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery.Ophthalmic Artery: Artery originating from the internal carotid artery and distributing to the eye, orbit and adjacent facial structures.Mesenteric Artery, Superior: A large vessel supplying the whole length of the small intestine except the superior part of the duodenum. It also supplies the cecum and the ascending part of the colon and about half the transverse part of the colon. It arises from the anterior surface of the aorta below the celiac artery at the level of the first lumbar vertebra.Umbilical Arteries: Specialized arterial vessels in the umbilical cord. They carry waste and deoxygenated blood from the FETUS to the mother via the PLACENTA. In humans, there are usually two umbilical arteries but sometimes one.Mesenteric Arteries: Arteries which arise from the abdominal aorta and distribute to most of the intestines.Pulsatile Flow: Rhythmic, intermittent propagation of a fluid through a BLOOD VESSEL or piping system, in contrast to constant, smooth propagation, which produces laminar flow.Bronchial Arteries: Left bronchial arteries arise from the thoracic aorta, the right from the first aortic intercostal or the upper left bronchial artery; they supply the bronchi and the lower trachea.Radial Artery: The direct continuation of the brachial trunk, originating at the bifurcation of the brachial artery opposite the neck of the radius. Its branches may be divided into three groups corresponding to the three regions in which the vessel is situated, the forearm, wrist, and hand.Ultrasonography, Doppler: Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with frequency-shifted ultrasound reflections produced by moving targets (usually red blood cells) in the bloodstream along the ultrasound axis in direct proportion to the velocity of movement of the targets, to determine both direction and velocity of blood flow. (Stedman, 25th ed)Renal Artery: A branch of the abdominal aorta which supplies the kidneys, adrenal glands and ureters.Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed: Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with velocity detection combined with range discrimination. Short bursts of ultrasound are transmitted at regular intervals and the echoes are demodulated as they return.Carotid Artery, Internal: Branch of the common carotid artery which supplies the anterior part of the brain, the eye and its appendages, the forehead and nose.Cerebrovascular Circulation: The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.Basilar Artery: The artery formed by the union of the right and left vertebral arteries; it runs from the lower to the upper border of the pons, where it bifurcates into the two posterior cerebral arteries.Brachial Artery: The continuation of the axillary artery; it branches into the radial and ulnar arteries.Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial: A non-invasive technique using ultrasound for the measurement of cerebrovascular hemodynamics, particularly cerebral blood flow velocity and cerebral collateral flow. With a high-intensity, low-frequency pulse probe, the intracranial arteries may be studied transtemporally, transorbitally, or from below the foramen magnum.Uterus: The hollow thick-walled muscular organ in the female PELVIS. It consists of the fundus (the body) which is the site of EMBRYO IMPLANTATION and FETAL DEVELOPMENT. Beyond the isthmus at the perineal end of fundus, is CERVIX UTERI (the neck) opening into VAGINA. Beyond the isthmi at the upper abdominal end of fundus, are the FALLOPIAN TUBES.Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color: Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with the superposition of flow information as colors on a gray scale in a real-time image. This type of ultrasonography is well-suited to identifying the location of high-velocity flow (such as in a stenosis) or of mapping the extent of flow in a certain region.Blood Pressure: PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.Uterine Artery: A branch arising from the internal iliac artery in females, that supplies blood to the uterus.Iliac Artery: Either of two large arteries originating from the abdominal aorta; they supply blood to the pelvis, abdominal wall and legs.Vertebral Artery: The first branch of the SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY with distribution to muscles of the NECK; VERTEBRAE; SPINAL CORD; CEREBELLUM; and interior of the CEREBRUM.Coronary Artery Bypass: Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion.Carotid Artery, Common: The two principal arteries supplying the structures of the head and neck. They ascend in the neck, one on each side, and at the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage, each divides into two branches, the external (CAROTID ARTERY, EXTERNAL) and internal (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL) carotid arteries.Hemodynamics: The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.Mammary Arteries: Arteries originating from the subclavian or axillary arteries and distributing to the anterior thoracic wall, mediastinal structures, diaphragm, pectoral muscles and mammary gland.Coronary Vessels: The veins and arteries of the HEART.Vascular Resistance: The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.Subclavian Artery: Artery arising from the brachiocephalic trunk on the right side and from the arch of the aorta on the left side. It distributes to the neck, thoracic wall, spinal cord, brain, meninges, and upper limb.Carotid Artery, External: Branch of the common carotid artery which supplies the exterior of the head, the face, and the greater part of the neck.Fetal Growth Retardation: The failure of a FETUS to attain its expected FETAL GROWTH at any GESTATIONAL AGE.Carotid Artery Diseases: Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.Ultrasonography: The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz.Vasodilation: The physiological widening of BLOOD VESSELS by relaxing the underlying VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.Splenic Artery: The largest branch of the celiac trunk with distribution to the spleen, pancreas, stomach and greater omentum.Circle of Willis: A polygonal anastomosis at the base of the brain formed by the internal carotid (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL), proximal parts of the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries (ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), the anterior communicating artery and the posterior communicating arteries.Coronary Circulation: The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.Hepatic Artery: A branch of the celiac artery that distributes to the stomach, pancreas, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, and greater omentum.Heart Rate: The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.Vasoconstriction: The physiological narrowing of BLOOD VESSELS by contraction of the VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.Ultrasonography, Prenatal: The visualization of tissues during pregnancy through recording of the echoes of ultrasonic waves directed into the body. The procedure may be applied with reference to the mother or the fetus and with reference to organs or the detection of maternal or fetal disease.Laser-Doppler Flowmetry: A method of non-invasive, continuous measurement of MICROCIRCULATION. The technique is based on the values of the DOPPLER EFFECT of low-power laser light scattered randomly by static structures and moving tissue particulates.Hypocapnia: Clinical manifestation consisting of a deficiency of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.Mephentermine: A sympathomimetic agent with specificity for alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. It is used to maintain BLOOD PRESSURE in hypotensive states such as following SPINAL ANESTHESIA.Splanchnic Circulation: The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS supplying the abdominal VISCERA.Vasodilator Agents: Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.Celiac Artery: The arterial trunk that arises from the abdominal aorta and after a short course divides into the left gastric, common hepatic and splenic arteries.Dogs: The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)Placental Circulation: The circulation of BLOOD, of both the mother and the FETUS, through the PLACENTA.Cardiac Output: The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).Renal Artery Obstruction: Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Thoracic Arteries: Arteries originating from the subclavian or axillary arteries and distributing to the anterior thoracic wall, mediastinal structures, diaphragm, pectoral muscles, mammary gland and the axillary aspect of the chest wall.Gestational Age: The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.Temporal Arteries: Arteries arising from the external carotid or the maxillary artery and distributing to the temporal region.Rheology: The study of the deformation and flow of matter, usually liquids or fluids, and of the plastic flow of solids. The concept covers consistency, dilatancy, liquefaction, resistance to flow, shearing, thixotrophy, and VISCOSITY.Popliteal Artery: The continuation of the femoral artery coursing through the popliteal fossa; it divides into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries.Ulnar Artery: The larger of the two terminal branches of the brachial artery, beginning about one centimeter distal to the bend of the elbow. Like the RADIAL ARTERY, its branches may be divided into three groups corresponding to their locations in the forearm, wrist, and hand.Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.Oxygen: An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.Prospective Studies: Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.Retinal Artery: Central retinal artery and its branches. It arises from the ophthalmic artery, pierces the optic nerve and runs through its center, enters the eye through the porus opticus and branches to supply the retina.Hypotension, Orthostatic: A significant drop in BLOOD PRESSURE after assuming a standing position. Orthostatic hypotension is a finding, and defined as a 20-mm Hg decrease in systolic pressure or a 10-mm Hg decrease in diastolic pressure 3 minutes after the person has risen from supine to standing. Symptoms generally include DIZZINESS, blurred vision, and SYNCOPE.Leg: The inferior part of the lower extremity between the KNEE and the ANKLE.Coronary Angiography: Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after injection of a contrast medium.Echoencephalography: Use of reflected ultrasound in the diagnosis of intracranial pathologic processes.Heart Rate, Fetal: The heart rate of the FETUS. The normal range at term is between 120 and 160 beats per minute.Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex: Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect combined with real-time imaging. The real-time image is created by rapid movement of the ultrasound beam. A powerful advantage of this technique is the ability to estimate the velocity of flow from the Doppler shift frequency.Carbon Dioxide: A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Altitude: A vertical distance measured from a known level on the surface of a planet or other celestial body.Vasoconstrictor Agents: Drugs used to cause constriction of the blood vessels.Fetal Hypoxia: Deficient oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD.Reference Values: The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.Carotid Artery Injuries: Damages to the CAROTID ARTERIES caused either by blunt force or penetrating trauma, such as CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; THORACIC INJURIES; and NECK INJURIES. Damaged carotid arteries can lead to CAROTID ARTERY THROMBOSIS; CAROTID-CAVERNOUS SINUS FISTULA; pseudoaneurysm formation; and INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY DISSECTION. (From Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1997, 18:251; J Trauma 1994, 37:473)Muscle, Smooth, Vascular: The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels.Arterial Occlusive Diseases: Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.Pulmonary Circulation: The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS.Hyperemia: The presence of an increased amount of blood in a body part or an organ leading to congestion or engorgement of blood vessels. Hyperemia can be due to increase of blood flow into the area (active or arterial), or due to obstruction of outflow of blood from the area (passive or venous).Angiography: Radiography of blood vessels after injection of a contrast medium.Supine Position: The posture of an individual lying face up.Endarterectomy, Carotid: The excision of the thickened, atheromatous tunica intima of a carotid artery.Forearm: Part of the arm in humans and primates extending from the ELBOW to the WRIST.Analysis of Variance: A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.Coronary Disease: An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.Swine: Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).Exercise: Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining PHYSICAL FITNESS or HEALTH. Contrast with PHYSICAL EXERTION which is concerned largely with the physiologic and metabolic response to energy expenditure.Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery: NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.Axillary Artery: The continuation of the subclavian artery; it distributes over the upper limb, axilla, chest and shoulder.Arterial Pressure: The blood pressure in the ARTERIES. It is commonly measured with a SPHYGMOMANOMETER on the upper arm which represents the arterial pressure in the BRACHIAL ARTERY.Endothelium, Vascular: Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.Oxygen Consumption: The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)Anoxia: Relatively complete absence of oxygen in one or more tissues.Menorrhagia: Excessive uterine bleeding during MENSTRUATION.Homeostasis: The processes whereby the internal environment of an organism tends to remain balanced and stable.Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared: A noninvasive technique that uses the differential absorption properties of hemoglobin and myoglobin to evaluate tissue oxygenation and indirectly can measure regional hemodynamics and blood flow. Near-infrared light (NIR) can propagate through tissues and at particular wavelengths is differentially absorbed by oxygenated vs. deoxygenated forms of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Illumination of intact tissue with NIR allows qualitative assessment of changes in the tissue concentration of these molecules. The analysis is also used to determine body composition.Retinal Artery Occlusion: Sudden ISCHEMIA in the RETINA due to blocked blood flow through the CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY or its branches leading to sudden complete or partial loss of vision, respectively, in the eye.Follow-Up Studies: Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.Tomography, X-Ray Computed: Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.Nitric Oxide: A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.Stents: Devices that provide support for tubular structures that are being anastomosed or for body cavities during skin grafting.Carotid Artery Thrombosis: Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX.Cerebrovascular Disorders: A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.Physical Exertion: Expenditure of energy during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEAT produced, or HEART RATE. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included.Meningeal Arteries: Arteries which supply the dura mater.Blood Gas Analysis: Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.Aneurysm: Pathological outpouching or sac-like dilatation in the wall of any blood vessel (ARTERIES or VEINS) or the heart (HEART ANEURYSM). It indicates a thin and weakened area in the wall which may later rupture. Aneurysms are classified by location, etiology, or other characteristics.Norepinephrine: Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.Carotid Stenosis: Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3)Sympathetic Nervous System: The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.Lower Body Negative Pressure: External decompression applied to the lower body. It is used to study orthostatic intolerance and the effects of gravitation and acceleration, to produce simulated hemorrhage in physiologic research, to assess cardiovascular function, and to reduce abdominal stress during childbirth.Electrocardiography: Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.Muscle Contraction: A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.Pre-Eclampsia: A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease.Cerebral Angiography: Radiography of the vascular system of the brain after injection of a contrast medium.Microcirculation: The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.Fetus: The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.Magnetic Resonance Angiography: Non-invasive method of vascular imaging and determination of internal anatomy without injection of contrast media or radiation exposure. The technique is used especially in CEREBRAL ANGIOGRAPHY as well as for studies of other vascular structures.Posture: The position or attitude of the body.Exercise Test: Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.Rats, Sprague-Dawley: A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.Maxillary Artery: A branch of the external carotid artery which distributes to the deep structures of the face (internal maxillary) and to the side of the face and nose (external maxillary).Muscle, Skeletal: A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.Angioplasty, Balloon: Use of a balloon catheter for dilation of an occluded artery. It is used in treatment of arterial occlusive diseases, including renal artery stenosis and arterial occlusions in the leg. For the specific technique of BALLOON DILATION in coronary arteries, ANGIOPLASTY, BALLOON, CORONARY is available.Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection: The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both (left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL). Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel wall can lead to occlusion of the internal carotid artery and aneurysm formation.Respiration: The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).Constriction, Pathologic: The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions.Partial Pressure: The pressure that would be exerted by one component of a mixture of gases if it were present alone in a container. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump: Coronary artery bypass surgery on a beating HEART without a CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS (diverting the flow of blood from the heart and lungs through an oxygenator).Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis: Direct myocardial revascularization in which the internal mammary artery is anastomosed to the right coronary artery, circumflex artery, or anterior descending coronary artery. The internal mammary artery is the most frequent choice, especially for a single graft, for coronary artery bypass surgery.Cold Temperature: An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.Body Temperature: The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.Coronary Stenosis: Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.Vascular Patency: The degree to which BLOOD VESSELS are not blocked or obstructed.Myocardial Infarction: NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).Vertebral Artery Dissection: Splitting of the vessel wall in the VERTEBRAL ARTERY. Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel wall can lead to occlusion of the vertebral artery, aneurysm formation, or THROMBOEMBOLISM. Vertebral artery dissection is often associated with TRAUMA and injuries to the head-neck region but can occur spontaneously.Embolization, Therapeutic: A method of hemostasis utilizing various agents such as Gelfoam, silastic, metal, glass, or plastic pellets, autologous clot, fat, and muscle as emboli. It has been used in the treatment of spinal cord and INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS, renal arteriovenous fistulas, gastrointestinal bleeding, epistaxis, hypersplenism, certain highly vascular tumors, traumatic rupture of blood vessels, and control of operative hemorrhage.Hypercapnia: A clinical manifestation of abnormal increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.Mesenteric Artery, Inferior: The artery supplying nearly all the left half of the transverse colon, the whole of the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and the greater part of the rectum. It is smaller than the superior mesenteric artery (MESENTERIC ARTERY, SUPERIOR) and arises from the aorta above its bifurcation into the common iliac arteries.Risk Factors: An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.Brain: The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.Sheep: Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.Retrospective Studies: Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.Angiography, Digital Subtraction: A method of delineating blood vessels by subtracting a tissue background image from an image of tissue plus intravascular contrast material that attenuates the X-ray photons. The background image is determined from a digitized image taken a few moments before injection of the contrast material. The resulting angiogram is a high-contrast image of the vessel. This subtraction technique allows extraction of a high-intensity signal from the superimposed background information. The image is thus the result of the differential absorption of X-rays by different tissues.Physical Endurance: The time span between the beginning of physical activity by an individual and the termination because of exhaustion.Infant, Newborn: An infant during the first month after birth.Arteriosclerosis: Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.Ligation: Application of a ligature to tie a vessel or strangulate a part.Intracranial Aneurysm: Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter) may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841)Placenta: A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).Aneurysm, False: Not an aneurysm but a well-defined collection of blood and CONNECTIVE TISSUE outside the wall of a blood vessel or the heart. It is the containment of a ruptured blood vessel or heart, such as sealing a rupture of the left ventricle. False aneurysm is formed by organized THROMBUS and HEMATOMA in surrounding tissue.Calcinosis: Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.Acetylcholine: A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system.Catheterization: Use or insertion of a tubular device into a duct, blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity for injecting or withdrawing fluids for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It differs from INTUBATION in that the tube here is used to restore or maintain patency in obstructions.Postoperative Complications: Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.Predictive Value of Tests: In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.Transposition of Great Vessels: A congenital cardiovascular malformation in which the AORTA arises entirely from the RIGHT VENTRICLE, and the PULMONARY ARTERY arises from the LEFT VENTRICLE. Consequently, the pulmonary and the systemic circulations are parallel and not sequential, so that the venous return from the peripheral circulation is re-circulated by the right ventricle via aorta to the systemic circulation without being oxygenated in the lungs. This is a potentially lethal form of heart disease in newborns and infants.Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency: Localized or diffuse reduction in blood flow through the vertebrobasilar arterial system, which supplies the BRAIN STEM; CEREBELLUM; OCCIPITAL LOBE; medial TEMPORAL LOBE; and THALAMUS. Characteristic clinical features include SYNCOPE; lightheadedness; visual disturbances; and VERTIGO. BRAIN STEM INFARCTIONS or other BRAIN INFARCTION may be associated.Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary: Dilation of an occluded coronary artery (or arteries) by means of a balloon catheter to restore myocardial blood supply.Aneurysm, Ruptured: The tearing or bursting of the weakened wall of the aneurysmal sac, usually heralded by sudden worsening pain. The great danger of a ruptured aneurysm is the large amount of blood spilling into the surrounding tissues and cavities, causing HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK.Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation: Surgical insertion of BLOOD VESSEL PROSTHESES to repair injured or diseased blood vessels.Rabbits: The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.Aorta, Thoracic: The portion of the descending aorta proceeding from the arch of the aorta and extending to the DIAPHRAGM, eventually connecting to the ABDOMINAL AORTA.Brain Ischemia: Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.Cardiac Catheterization: Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.Aging: The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.Angina Pectoris: The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.Aorta: The main trunk of the systemic arteries.Saphenous Vein: The vein which drains the foot and leg.Disease Models, Animal: Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.Vascular Surgical Procedures: Operative procedures for the treatment of vascular disorders.Angioplasty: Reconstruction or repair of a blood vessel, which includes the widening of a pathological narrowing of an artery or vein by the removal of atheromatous plaque material and/or the endothelial lining as well, or by dilatation (BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY) to compress an ATHEROMA. Except for ENDARTERECTOMY, usually these procedures are performed via catheterization as minimally invasive ENDOVASCULAR PROCEDURES.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.Hypertension, Pulmonary: Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.Cerebral Infarction: The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).Brachiocephalic Trunk: The first and largest artery branching from the aortic arch. It distributes blood to the right side of the head and neck and to the right arm.Muscle Relaxation: That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position.Cross-Sectional Studies: Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.Biological Factors: Endogenously-synthesized compounds that influence biological processes not otherwise classified under ENZYMES; HORMONES or HORMONE ANTAGONISTS.Cerebral Arterial Diseases: Pathological conditions of intracranial ARTERIES supplying the CEREBRUM. These diseases often are due to abnormalities or pathological processes in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; and POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY.Rats, Wistar: A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.Injections, Intra-Arterial: Delivery of drugs into an artery.Gastroepiploic Artery: Abdominal artery that follows the curvature of the stomach. The right gastroepiploic artery is frequently used in CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING; MYOCARDIAL REVASCULARIZATION, and other vascular reconstruction.Vasomotor System: The neural systems which act on VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE to control blood vessel diameter. The major neural control is through the sympathetic nervous system.Aorta, Abdominal: The aorta from the DIAPHRAGM to the bifurcation into the right and left common iliac arteries.Ischemic Attack, Transient: Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)Myocardial Ischemia: A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid: A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110)Severity of Illness Index: Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.Sensitivity and Specificity: Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)Ultrasonography, Interventional: The use of ultrasound to guide minimally invasive surgical procedures such as needle ASPIRATION BIOPSY; DRAINAGE; etc. Its widest application is intravascular ultrasound imaging but it is useful also in urology and intra-abdominal conditions.Blood Vessel Prosthesis: Device constructed of either synthetic or biological material that is used for the repair of injured or diseased blood vessels.
Galenic corpus
Chinese creation myths
CFD in buildings
David Alexander (politician)
Elastina - Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre
Aorta - Wikipedija, prosta enciklopedija
Category:Mid-importance Anatomy articles
Pulmonary embolism - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Interatrial sulcus
Hypercholesterolemia - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Membranous glomerulonephritis
Surviving Sepsis Campaign
Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): Symptoms, Signs, Causes
Blood Flow Through Systemic and Pulmonary Circuits
Afferent arteriole | blood vessel | Britannica.com
BBC News | LATEST NEWS | Computer reveals '3D blood flow'
Fluctuating blood pressure: Causes, treatment, and prevention
High blood pressure - medicine-related: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Mercurial blood-gas pump | medical instrument | Britannica.com
Placental Vascularization and Blood Flow | SpringerLink
Atherosclerosis | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Could targeting this heart hormone help control blood pressure?
High Blood Pressure Pictures: Symptoms, Causes, Tests, and Treatments
Pollution nanoparticles may enter your blood and cause disease | New Scientist
Diabetic Heart Disease | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
VeinsCapillariesClotsArteriolesSymptomsFemoralDeep Vein ThromConstrictAortaPulmonaryElasticSystolicDiastolicRadialInjured blood vesselsTaken from an arteryPlaque builds up in the arteriesVenulesBrachialHeart attacksCirculatory systemNutrientsHighFlowOxygen-rich bloodFlowsPumps bloodVessels that carryCirculatesBloodstreamCarotid arteriesKidneysCauses the arteriesOrgansBuildupPumpTreatmentsPlateletsFlexible arteriesHeart'sPerson'sCoronary arteryPulseMain arteryOccursBody
Veins53
- If blood pressure becomes too high, baroreceptors send signals to the veins instructing them to expand and store more blood and return less blood to the heart. (medicinenet.com)
- Conversely, veins can become narrower and return more blood to the heart, which increases blood pressure. (medicinenet.com)
- Ten years after surgery, about 66% of saphenous veins remain open, in comparison with 90% of mammary arteries. (latimes.com)
- Blood pooling occurs when the walls and valves of veins in human legs do not work effectively, thereby making it difficult for blood to return to the heart, according to Cleveland Clinic. (reference.com)
- This condition, known as chronic venous insufficiency, causes blood to pool in veins, a condition called stasis. (reference.com)
- Valves within veins in the legs become damaged, causing blood to leak backwards with the force of gravity instead of moving upwards. (reference.com)
- Blood pressure in the affected veins remains elevated for long periods, which causes chronic venous insufficiency. (reference.com)
- Lack of blood flow or sluggish blood movement within leg veins leads to swollen legs. (reference.com)
- Why Do Veins Have Valves and Arteries Do Not? (reference.com)
- Veins have valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards and pooling, whereas arteries pump blood at higher pressures, which naturally prevents backflow. (reference.com)
- When blood is too thick, it clots more easily, and the potential exists for blockage of the blood flow through the arteries and veins, according to the Nat. (reference.com)
- The function of the valves in the peripheral veins is to ensure that the overall movement of blood in the veins is in the right direction, toward the heart. (reference.com)
- A blood reservoir is an organ or vessel that holds large proportions of blood, and veins are vessels termed as the blood reservoirs of the body. (reference.com)
- Blood flows through blood vessels (arteries and veins), and is constantly in motion as the heart pumps blood through arteries to the different areas (organs, glands, cells etc.) of the body. (rxlist.com)
- Blood is then returned back to the heart by the veins. (rxlist.com)
- Muscles squeeze blood through the veins back toward the heart. (rxlist.com)
- What causes blood clots (blood clots in veins or arteries)? (rxlist.com)
- Veins carry metabolic waste and deoxygenated blood to the lungs to be exhaled as carbon dioxide and to the kidneys to be passed in urine. (healthline.com)
- Arteries carry blood at higher pressures than veins, so it takes more time for the blood to form a clot. (healthline.com)
- T omatoes are high in gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), can help lower high blood pressure as it is crucial for the relaxation of the muscles of arteries and veins throughout our bodies leading to an easier blood flow. (rediff.com)
- As the arteries and veins tighten, blood pressure is raised. (dailymail.co.uk)
- Veins carry oxygen-poor blood back from the body to the heart. (cdc.gov)
- It had been known for a long time that endotheli um, lining arteries and veins (now known as the intima), has the property, practically peculiar to itself, that blood in contact with it does not clot, while, when brought into contact with any other substance, it soon coagulates and ceases to flow. (scientificamerican.com)
- b) Intracortical vessels: Arteries and veins were divided into 5 groups according to their degree of cortical penetration. (nih.gov)
- Problems in distinguishing between arteries and veins, the geometric disposition of cortical vessels, different types of anastomoses and particular vascular features whose significance remains unclear, are discussed. (nih.gov)
- The heart pumps the blood to flow through the arteries, veins and capillaries. (medindia.net)
- The largest blood vessels are arteries and veins, which have a thick, tough wall of connective tissue and and many layers of smooth muscle cells ( Figure 22-22 ). (nih.gov)
- A study of the embryo reveals, moreover, that arteries and veins develop from small vessels constructed solely of endothelial cells and a basal lamina: pericytes, connective tissue and smooth muscle are added later where required, under the influence of signals from the endothelial cells. (nih.gov)
- not everyone's veins can be used as arteries, etc. (medhelp.org)
- Cryopreservation" is a technique for freezing and storing cellular and tissue matter such as blood vessels, which include veins and arteries, at extremely low temperatures while preserving the viability and function of the tissue. (google.com)
- Although there have been a few published reports on the cryogenic preservation of veins and arteries, there has been no published systematic examination for the cryobiological variables involved in the preservation procedure. (google.com)
- Deep venous thrombosis, also called deep vein thrombosis, forms bloods clots deep in the veins, usually in the lower leg and thigh. (livestrong.com)
- Other veins in the leg pick up the volume of blood circulating. (livestrong.com)
- Veins are blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart. (heart.org)
- and the veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back toward the heart. (wikipedia.org)
- The arteries and veins have three layers. (wikipedia.org)
- The middle layer is thicker in the arteries than it is in the veins: The inner layer, Tunica intima, is the thinnest layer. (wikipedia.org)
- There is a layer of muscle surrounding the arteries and the veins which help contract and expand the vessels. (wikipedia.org)
- There are various kinds of blood vessels: Arteries Elastic arteries Distributing arteries Arterioles Capillaries (the smallest blood vessels) Venules Veins Large collecting vessels, such as the subclavian vein, the jugular vein, the renal vein and the iliac vein. (wikipedia.org)
- Venae cavae (the two largest veins, carry blood into the heart). (wikipedia.org)
- In general, arteries and arterioles transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body and its organs, and veins and venules transport deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs. (wikipedia.org)
- Arteries-and veins to a degree-can regulate their inner diameter by contraction of the muscular layer. (wikipedia.org)
- Deep veins in the upper limbs collect deoxygenated blood from deep tissues to be returned to the heart via a pathway parallel to that of the arteries. (innerbody.com)
- Starting in the hands, the palmar digital veins and palmar metacarpal veins deliver deoxygenated blood from the tissues of the fingers and palm to the superficial and deep palmar venous arches. (innerbody.com)
- The palmar venous arches carry blood to the radial and ulnar veins, which run parallel to the arteries of the same name before combining in the upper arm to form the brachial vein. (innerbody.com)
- A system of superficial veins runs parallel to the deep veins to return blood from the superficial tissues to the heart. (innerbody.com)
- A network of many veins, including the palmar venous plexus and palmar venous arches, collects blood from the palm and delivers it to the veins of the forearm. (innerbody.com)
- The cephalic, median antebrachial, and basilic veins carry blood through the arms until they join the deep veins at the brachial vein. (innerbody.com)
- Ultimately, healthy transplants depend on sufficient vessel density within the transplanted tissue or organ and the organization of the vessels into a network comprised of low-resistance conduit vessels (arteries), a functional microcirculation (arterioles and capillaries) for a proper blood-tissue exchange, and drainage/compliance vessels (venules and veins). (google.com)
- He hit several veins and the carotid artery in his neck. (cnn.com)
- Blood pressure is a measurement of the pressure created as the heart pumps blood through the veins and arteries of the body, and normal blood pressure is the reading which most healthy adults have when their blood pressure is tested. (wisegeek.com)
- Blood is oxygenated in the lungs and returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins. (wikipedia.org)
- Veins and arteries appear similar when skin is removed and are seen directly. (wikipedia.org)
Capillaries6
- off short branches called the afferent arterioles, which carry blood to the glomeruli where they divide into four to eight loops of capillaries in each glomerulus. (britannica.com)
- Osmotic pressure is the difference between blood in the capillaries and interstitial fluid between the cells, according to Kimball's Biology Pages. (reference.com)
- As blood moves through the capillaries, it filters into the tissue space, delivering nutrients to the cells. (reference.com)
- Blood pressure that is higher within the capillaries than in the surrounding fluid increases total blood volume as well as pressure on the walls of the blood vessels. (reference.com)
- Magnesium deficiency can cause the walls of the arteries and capillaries to constrict, increasing the pressure the blood needs to pump through the vessels. (livestrong.com)
- It also contains nerves that supply the vessel as well as nutrient capillaries (vasa vasorum) in the larger blood vessels. (wikipedia.org)
Clots35
- Scientists have discovered new ways in which the body regulates blood clots, in a discovery which could one day lead to the development of better treatments that could help prevent and treat conditions including heart diseases, stroke and vascular dementia. (news-medical.net)
- The causes of chronic venous insufficiency include blood clots, vascular deformations and pelvic tumors. (reference.com)
- When blood clots form inappropriately inside an artery or vein, they may cause significant problems because blood flow past the clot is decreased. (rxlist.com)
- Symptoms of blood clots depend on their location in the body. (rxlist.com)
- Some blood clots produce no symptoms until they rupture or become dislodged and travel through the circulatory system to other sites. (rxlist.com)
- Symptoms of blood clots in legs ( deep vein thrombosis , or DVT ) are pain , redness, and swelling. (rxlist.com)
- Symptoms of blood clots in the lung (pulmonary embolus, or PE) include chest pain , shortness of breath , fainting , and rapid pulse and breathing . (rxlist.com)
- Prevention of blood clots involves attention to the risk factors for vascular disease and includes avoiding smoking and lifelong control of high blood pressure , high cholesterol , and diabetes . (rxlist.com)
- Serious and even life-threatening complications may arise from blood clots, and individuals should seek emergency medical care if they believe they may have a blood clot, especially if signs and symptoms of a heart attack or stroke occur. (rxlist.com)
- What are blood clots? (rxlist.com)
- Blood clots form when there is damage to the lining of a blood vessel, either an artery or a vein. (rxlist.com)
- How Do You Dissolve Blood Clots After Injury? (reference.com)
- The buildup of plaque also makes it more likely that blood clots will form in your arteries. (nih.gov)
- Blood clots can partially or completely block blood flow. (nih.gov)
- This video shares important information about blood clot signs and symptoms, as well as the risk factors for blood clots for people who are being treated for cancer. (cdc.gov)
- 1 in 5 blood clots are related to cancer and its treatment. (cdc.gov)
- Magnesium is a mineral essential to many bodily functions, one of which is the regulation of blood clots. (livestrong.com)
- Blood clots are particles of blood that congregate to form a plug that inhibits bleeding and promotes healing. (livestrong.com)
- The ratio of calcium to magnesium is important because while calcium is responsible for the formation of blood clots, magnesium is responsible for their termination. (livestrong.com)
- Venous blood clots are often due to immobilization. (livestrong.com)
- Arterial blood clots can also occur by plaque buildup that forms along the blood vessel lining. (livestrong.com)
- Another reason magnesium benefits the blood vessels is because of its role in the destruction of blood clots. (livestrong.com)
- When calcium and magnesium are balanced at a ratio below 4-to-1, the formation and destruction of blood clots is healthy. (livestrong.com)
- Keeping magnesium and calcium balanced prevents pathological formation of blood clots. (livestrong.com)
- Does Caffeine Cause Blood Clots? (livestrong.com)
- What Causes Blood Clots in Stools? (livestrong.com)
- Blood clots can form from the plaques, then break off and travel to the brain. (dailyherald.com)
- Medical procedures to remove blood clots become necessary when the clots threaten to travel from a vein to the heart, lungs or brain, leading to potentially fatal conditions. (livestrong.com)
- Anticoagulants, also called blood thinners, prevent blood clots from enlarging so the clot can eventually dissolve by the body's own processes. (livestrong.com)
- High blood pressure can also cause blood clots to form in the arteries leading to your brain, blocking blood flow and potentially causing a stroke. (mayoclinic.org)
- Tests revealed blood clots in the arteries of his lungs, a potentially fatal condition. (nytimes.com)
- On Feb. 21, the Miami Heat announced that Chris Bosh , their All-Star big man, would miss the remainder of the season because blood clots had been found in his lungs. (nytimes.com)
- Hundreds of thousands of cases of blood clots, or deep vein thrombosis, are diagnosed every year in the United States. (nytimes.com)
- Ask students to explain in their own words how aspirin is used to treat blood clots, and to evaluate the model used in this procedure. (nuffieldfoundation.org)
- fewer platelets stick together so there are fewer blood clots and less chance of a stroke or heart attack. (nuffieldfoundation.org)
Arterioles2
- Pial arteries give rise to the penetrating arteries that branch into arterioles all covered by vascular smooth muscle cells (blue). (nih.gov)
- Blood is propelled through arteries and arterioles through pressure generated by the heartbeat. (wikipedia.org)
Symptoms26
- Lower blood pressure is a good thing as long as it doesn't cause symptoms that could damage organs and tissues of the body. (medicinenet.com)
- What Are Low Blood Pressure Signs and Symptoms? (medicinenet.com)
- Many people live with low blood pressure but they don't experience any symptoms. (medicinenet.com)
- That's because high blood pressure doesn't have any symptoms unless it's very severe. (webmd.com)
- Symptoms of dangerously low blood pressure include dizziness, nausea, and fainting. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Call your provider any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
- Symptoms of an arterial blood clot in a limb (leg or arm) include pain , pale color, numbness, loss of feeling, and coolness to the touch. (rxlist.com)
- Symptoms of a stroke (blood clot in an artery of the brain) include possible loss of speech , vision, profound dizziness , and weakness on one side of the body. (rxlist.com)
- Symptoms of a heart attack (blood clot in a coronary artery) are chest pain , shortness of breath, nausea , indigestion , and sweating . (rxlist.com)
- Symptoms of mesenteric ischemia (blood clot to an artery that supplies the intestine) include abdominal pain , nausea , bloating , and blood in the stool . (rxlist.com)
- High blood pressure, also called hypertension, has many potential symptoms. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- People sometimes call high blood pressure the silent killer because it often has no symptoms, but it can lead to life threatening complications. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Your doctor will order a CO2 blood test based on your symptoms. (healthline.com)
- The blood test often measures blood pH along with CO2 levels to further determine the cause of your symptoms. (healthline.com)
- High blood pressure usually has no warning signs or symptoms, and many people do not know they have it. (cdc.gov)
- There are few symptoms of high (or low) blood pressure until the problem becomes quite severe, so it's important to check your blood pressure regularly. (wikihow.com)
- The symptoms of poor blood circulation depend on the area affected. (medindia.net)
- High blood pressure has no signs or symptoms. (healthfinder.gov)
- Unstable blood pressure can provoke a variety of symptoms, including but not limited to dizziness, shortness of breath, instability, fainting and erratic heart rhythms. (ehow.co.uk)
- The condition is only one of the symptoms associated with coronary artery disease and causes erratic heart beat. (ehow.co.uk)
- High blood pressure is called a "silent killer,'' because it doesn't usually cause symptoms while it is causing this damage. (cigna.com)
- High blood pressure doesn't usually cause symptoms. (cigna.com)
- These symptoms can also be caused by dangerously high blood pressure called malignant high blood pressure . (cigna.com)
- High blood pressure (hypertension) can quietly damage your body for years before symptoms develop. (mayoclinic.org)
- With 85 percent of primary care visits attributed in part to stress, it's pretty exciting that stress symptoms such as high blood pressure, pain and more can be improved with music. (care2.com)
- Some patients with abnormal blood pressure exhibit no symptoms, and may be unaware of the problem until it is brought to their attention in a medical office. (wisegeek.com)
Femoral5
- Or, blood can be collected from the brachial artery in the elbow or the femoral artery in the groin. (healthline.com)
- Iraqi civilian, female, shot in femoral artery. (military.com)
- An LAR Marine was shot in the femoral artery. (military.com)
- The brachial and femoral arteries do not have adequate collateral supplies. (bmj.com)
- Result of a model of femoral artery shows that: a) the changes in flow and pressure waves predicted by computer simulation agree well with those obtained in experiments both in a healthy model and in stenosed one. (actapress.com)
Deep Vein Throm2
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is when a blood clot forms in a deep vein. (cdc.gov)
- A deep vein thrombosis, a blood clot that occurs in a deep vein, is dangerous when pieces of the clot, emboli, separate and travel through the bloodstream to an artery. (livestrong.com)
Constrict4
- Baroreceptors tell arteries to constrict when blood pressure is too low to help raise blood pressure. (medicinenet.com)
- The heart rate increases, and blood vessels constrict rapidly when someone stands quickly after extended sitting. (reference.com)
- The discovered that the protein works by breaking down a key hormone called angiotensin II - a peptide chemical which causes blood vessels to constrict. (dailymail.co.uk)
- A number of physiological events, not all of them clearly understood, can cause the arteries to constrict with the same effect. (washingtonpost.com)
Aorta5
- The aorta pumps blood out of your heart to the rest of your body. (answers.com)
- The left ventricle pumps te blood into the aorta, the largest artery, which distributes it to the body. (answers.com)
- The left ventricle of the heart pumps blood into the aorta. (answers.com)
- Oxygenated blood exits the heart through the aorta and reaches the arms through the brachiocephalic trunk and the left and right subclavian arteries that run beneath the collar bones. (innerbody.com)
- Aneurysms can form in any artery throughout your body, but they're most common in your body's largest artery (aorta). (mayoclinic.org)
Pulmonary3
- pulmonary artery. (bio-medicine.org)
- The term "arterial blood" is nevertheless used to indicate blood high in oxygen, although the pulmonary artery carries "venous blood" and blood flowing in the pulmonary vein is rich in oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
- In all arteries apart from the pulmonary artery, hemoglobin is highly saturated (95-100%) with oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
Elastic5
- High blood pressure can damage your arteries by making them less elastic, which decreases the flow of blood and oxygen to your heart and leads to heart disease . (cdc.gov)
- The arteries are elastic, constructed to contract and expand to help the river of blood along its way, transporting oxygen and nourishment to the rest of the cells in the body and carrying away wastes. (washingtonpost.com)
- Healthy arteries are flexible, strong and elastic. (mayoclinic.org)
- Eventually, your artery walls become less elastic, limiting blood flow throughout your body. (mayoclinic.org)
- As you age, your arteries become less elastic. (lifehack.org)
Systolic22
- Blood pressure is usually expressed in terms of the systolic pressure (maximum during one heartbeat) over diastolic pressure (minimum in between two heartbeats ) and is measured in millimeters of mercury ( mmHg ), above the surrounding atmospheric pressure . (wikipedia.org)
- The pressure exerted on the arteries during the heartbeat is called the systolic pressure. (medicinenet.com)
- Baseline systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures were 220/120 (153) mmHg, left and right rS[O.sub.levels were 60/62, bispektral index (BIS[TM], Covidien, MN, USA) was 96. (thefreedictionary.com)
- 2001) examined the association of diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and pulse pressure (PP) among different age groups from 20 years to 79 years. (bartleby.com)
- The first number, called systolic blood pressure, measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats. (cdc.gov)
- Your health care team can diagnose high blood pressure and make treatment decisions by reviewing your systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels and comparing them to levels found in certain guidelines. (cdc.gov)
- Measurable blood pressure is the pressure of the blood against the artery wall: while the heart is pumping (the systolic, or higher number) and when it is resting (the diastolic, lower number). (washingtonpost.com)
- If someone's systolic pressure is 120 to 139, or if their diastolic pressure is 80 to 89, it's called elevated blood pressure or prehypertension . (kidshealth.org)
- They found that the video prediction of systolic blood pressure (the upper number) was almost 95 percent accurate. (upi.com)
- Point out that every 5-mm decrease in sleep-time systolic blood pressure was associated with a 17% reduction in cardiovascular risk. (medpagetoday.com)
- Every 5-mm decrease in sleep-time systolic blood pressure was associated with a 17% reduction in cardiovascular risk during a median follow up of 5.6 years. (medpagetoday.com)
- Asleep systolic blood pressure remained an independent predictor of cardiovascular event-free survival after adjustment for ambulatory blood pressure parameters, as reported in the September 6 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology . (medpagetoday.com)
- Patients who had at least a 10% decline in sleep-time systolic blood pressure were classified as dippers. (medpagetoday.com)
- Someone with a systolic pressure of 120 and a diastolic pressure of 80 has a blood pressure of 120/80, or "120 over 80. (cigna.com)
- The systolic number shows how hard the blood pushes when the heart is pumping. (cigna.com)
- By the end of three months, the individuals listening to music or humor lowered their average systolic blood pressure (the top number) by 5-6 points. (care2.com)
- Record your friend's systolic and diastolic blood pressure. (education.com)
- Systolic blood pressure is the top number of your blood pressure reading. (education.com)
- To determine the percentage difference, divide the first reading by the second reading (do this for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure). (education.com)
- Healthy blood pressure is usually around 120 mm HG or under for systolic (when your heart is beating). (education.com)
- The two values in a blood pressure measurement are the systolic and diastolic pressure . (wisegeek.com)
- Systolic pressure is the high point, the moment when the heart contracts to push blood throughout the body. (wisegeek.com)
Diastolic5
- The pressure exerted on the arteries between heartbeats is called the diastolic pressure. (medicinenet.com)
- 0.001) but not diastolic blood pressure. (medpagetoday.com)
- The diastolic number shows how hard the blood pushes between heartbeats, when the heart is relaxed and filling with blood. (cigna.com)
- The bottom number is your diastolic pressure , and this measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart is resting between beats. (education.com)
- Diastolic pressure is the lowest point, when the heart relaxes and fills with blood before it pumps again. (wisegeek.com)
Radial11
- Arterial blood is usually taken from an artery in the wrist called the radial artery. (healthline.com)
- During the Allen test, the technician will press the radial and ulnar arteries in the wrist. (denverhealth.org)
- The radial artery at the wrist is the best site for obtaining an arterial sample because it is near the surface, relatively easy to palpate and stabilise, and usually has good collateral supply from the ulnar arteries. (bmj.com)
- The radial and ulnar arteries are occluded by firm pressure while the fist is clenched. (bmj.com)
- It is kinder to patients to use local anaesthesia over the radial artery before puncture. (bmj.com)
- In the forearm region, the brachial artery divides into the radial and ulnar arteries. (innerbody.com)
- The radial artery supplies blood along the lateral side of the forearm and wrist just superficial to the radius bone. (innerbody.com)
- As the radial artery passes through the wrist, it approaches the surface of the skin, providing a convenient location for measuring pulse rate. (innerbody.com)
- In the hand, the ulnar and radial arteries reconnect to form the superficial and deep palmar arches. (innerbody.com)
- radial artery, which delivers pulsing blood to your wrist. (popsci.com)
- The cuff is inflated to apply pressure, causing the pulse in the radial artery to momentarily disappear. (wisegeek.com)
Injured blood vessels1
- Blood clotting is an important mechanism to help the body repair injured blood vessels. (rxlist.com)
Taken from an artery1
- If the blood is going to be taken from an artery in the arm, an Allen test will be done. (denverhealth.org)
Plaque builds up in the arteries1
Venules1
Brachial3
- Shot near brachial artery. (military.com)
- In 'Circulation,' a 2000 study demonstrated that oral magnesium intervention for six months resulted in significant improvement in brachial artery endothelial function in a population of patients with coronary artery disease. (livestrong.com)
- The subclavian arteries continue through the armpits as the axillary arteries and then onward into the upper arms as the brachial arteries. (innerbody.com)
Heart attacks4
- Dr Yun Xu from Imperial College said: "It has been known for a long time that the way blood flows through vessels has a role in the process that causes heart attacks and strokes, known as arteriosclerosis. (bbc.co.uk)
- They found that when nanoparticles get into the body, they accumulate in the fatty plaques that can grow inside arteries, causing heart attacks and strokes. (newscientist.com)
- A blood clot in an artery, called arterial thrombosis, can cause heart attacks or strokes. (cdc.gov)
- In cases where blood vessels become very obstructed, heart attacks can occur. (education.com)
Circulatory system7
- This balance is important in maintaining equilibrium of the circulatory system because calcium promotes blood clot formation and magnesium promotes their destruction. (livestrong.com)
- The circulatory system is an organ system that passes nutrients, gases, hormones, blood cells, nitrogen waste products, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to. (bio-medicine.org)
- The circulatory system consists of the heart and blood vessels. (medindia.net)
- The heart pumps blood around the body, if the heart was not part of the circulatory system, no blood would move around the body, no oxygen would get to the cells of a body. (answers.com)
- The blood vessels are the part of the circulatory system, and microcirculation, that transports blood throughout the human body. (wikipedia.org)
- Blood vessels are part of the circulatory system, together with the heart and the blood. (wikipedia.org)
- Blood vessels also circulate blood throughout the circulatory system Oxygen (bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells) is the most critical nutrient carried by the blood. (wikipedia.org)
Nutrients6
- When the coronary arteries that supply nutrients and oxygen to heart muscles become clogged with plaque, usually as a result of high cholesterol levels, either a bypass or angioplasty may be needed. (latimes.com)
- Blood is a specialized bodily fluid that delivers necessary substances to the body's cells - such as nutrients and oxygen - and transports waste products away from those same cells. (bio-medicine.org)
- Blood helps transportation of nutrients like electrolytes, amino acids and other substances like oxygen, carbon-dioxide, hormones and white blood cells. (medindia.net)
- In addition to carrying oxygen, blood also carries hormones, waste products and nutrients for cells of the body. (wikipedia.org)
- Adequate flow of oxygenated blood to the tissues of the upper limbs is critical to their health through the delivery of oxygen, water, and nutrients. (innerbody.com)
- Their inner lining is smooth so that blood flows freely, supplying vital organs and tissues with nutrients and oxygen. (mayoclinic.org)
High8
- Italian Gene Holds Hope for Unclogging Arteries : Medicine: A mutant protein found in one family appears to ward off heart disease despite a high-fat diet. (latimes.com)
- Although lead-based paint has been banned from use in housing since 1978, 1 nearly 535,000 children have blood lead levels high enough to damage their health. (mercola.com)
- Diabetes is a disease in which the body's blood glucose (sugar) level is too high. (nih.gov)
- Isosulfan blue stain-induced methemoglobinemia was diagnosed based on knowledge of the use of the stain due to the characteristics of the surgical procedure, the high methemoglobin concentration both in arterial blood gas analysis and in further biochemical blood analysis, and the decrease in Sp[O.sub.saturation regardless of normal Pa[O.sub. (thefreedictionary.com)
- According to the AHA, high blood cholesterol that runs in families will affect the future of an unknown but probably large number of children. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- A young Intervention doc came into the clinic I go to, we talked, and he said there was a high risk procedure to open my native arteries. (medhelp.org)
- and an unusually high tendency of a person's blood to coagulate. (nytimes.com)
- Because of a high rate of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among gay men, blood safety officials started screening donated blood for antibodies to HBV, using it as a surrogate to identify individuals who might have the new illness. (thebody.com)
Flow63
- A LARGE blood flow graphic is below. (unm.edu)
- UK scientists have developed a computer model that allows them to look at blood flow in the body in 3D. (bbc.co.uk)
- Blood flow in the body is often examined using ultrasound which gives a two-dimensional display. (bbc.co.uk)
- But the new computer model combines information obtained through 3D magnetic resonance imaging as well as ultrasound techniques, bringing together information about the rate and pattern of blood flow with information about the geometry of vessels. (bbc.co.uk)
- Now, the computer model can take account of the complexity of blood flow and the changing diameter of the vessels as it forces its way through. (bbc.co.uk)
- Angioplasty, the alternative procedure in which a balloon is inflated in the clogged artery to compress the blockage and restore blood flow, often needs to be repeated sooner and the quality of life after surgery may not be as good, said Dr. Randy Chitwood of the East Carolina University School of Medicine. (latimes.com)
- Intense basic research concerned with placental vascularization and blood flow has been performed for the past 30 years, beginning with the classical morphological descriptions of the placental vessels by Boe (1953) and Arts (1961), as well as with the radioangiographic studies of maternal placental circulation in the human by Borell (1958) and in the rhesus monkey by Ramsey (1962). (springer.com)
- This limits the flow of oxygen-rich blood to your organs and other parts of your body. (nih.gov)
- Figure A shows a normal artery with normal blood flow. (nih.gov)
- This buildup can partially or totally block blood flow in the large arteries of the heart. (nih.gov)
- If blood flow to your heart muscle is reduced or blocked, you may have angina (chest pain or discomfort) or a heart attack. (nih.gov)
- If blood flow to these parts of your body is reduced or blocked, you may have numbness, pain, and, sometimes, dangerous infections. (nih.gov)
- and sometimes surgery to improve blood flow. (harvard.edu)
- This restricts blood flow through them. (medic8.com)
- This reduces your blood flow. (healthline.com)
- Proper blood flow through the arteries is needed to get and maintain an erection. (healthline.com)
- But they restrict blood flow to the penis, which can keep you from having an erection. (healthline.com)
- They can make the flow of blood to your penis less intense. (healthline.com)
- Plaque narrows the coronary arteries and reduces blood flow to your heart muscle. (nih.gov)
- Slow blood flow. (cdc.gov)
- Wear compression stockings (tight-fitting socks or stockings) to improve blood flow in your legs. (cdc.gov)
- The condition reduces blood flow to the brain, causing lightheadedness, blurred vision, or fainting. (harvard.edu)
- Poor blood circulation is the impaired flow of blood to certain parts of the body. (medindia.net)
- Regulation of body temperature by directing blood flow to the required parts of the body and skin. (medindia.net)
- If your skin does not flush within 5 seconds, this will indicate that you have decreased blood flow to your palm. (denverhealth.org)
- Optimal brain function relies on a healthy blood flow. (wikihow.com)
- The results of the study indicated as much as 15% higher blood flow to the brain. (wikihow.com)
- Many studies suggest a connection between exercise and overall brain health, though there's no definitive research suggesting that that increased blood flow may prevent or reverse cognitive decline. (wikihow.com)
- Taking short walks will also help increase the blood flow to your brain. (wikihow.com)
- Stretching increases blood flow to the muscles. (wikihow.com)
- While it's not possible to truly "stretch" your brain, by enhancing blood flow throughout your body, circulation will improve and increase. (wikihow.com)
- Simple stretches that result in increased blood flow to the brain include touching your knees or toes from a standing position. (wikihow.com)
- This directly benefits blood flow to the brain. (wikihow.com)
- Plow pose and fish pose are both poses that directly benefit the blood flow to the brain. (wikihow.com)
- Plow pose stimulates the thyroid, increasing blood flow to the brain. (wikihow.com)
- However, some yoga poses, such as the plow pose, may stimulate the thyroid, increasing blood flow to the brain. (wikihow.com)
- Putting your head below your heart directly benefits blood flow to the brain. (wikihow.com)
- While yoga does improve your flexibility, this does not increase blood flow the the brain. (wikihow.com)
- There, they can lodge in small arteries, interrupting the vital flow of blood to brain cells. (dailyherald.com)
- Brief or partial interruptions of blood flow to the brain can cause transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). (dailyherald.com)
- It can show a plaque that has slowed blood flow. (dailyherald.com)
- We studied the blood flow (BF) to and vascular resistance (VR) of vital tissues in 7 anesthetized newborn lambs in response to hypovolemic hypotension. (nature.com)
- Without it, blood can't flow through our bodies and carry oxygen to our vital organs. (kidshealth.org)
- As the cuff inflates, it squeezes an artery, stopping the blood flow for a moment. (kidshealth.org)
- The technology uses light to penetrate the skin and optical sensors in smartphones to create an image of blood flow patterns. (upi.com)
- He was using transdermal optical imaging to try to develop a way of telling when kids were lying by correlating blood flow to areas of the face with fibbing. (upi.com)
- Arterial puncture may result in spasm, intraluminal clotting, or bleeding and haematoma formation, as well as a transient obstruction of blood flow. (bmj.com)
- This results in inadequate blood flow to the brain because the heart is beating too slowly (an arrhythmia called bradycardia ). (heart.org)
- It causes increased blood flow to the heart muscle by relaxing the coronary arteries and other blood vessels in the body and regulates heart rhythm. (heart.org)
- The condition causes swelling and pain because of blocked blood flow. (livestrong.com)
- Premature vascular contractions, more commonly known as PVCs, are erratic and nonregular contractions of the valves in the heart that normally regulate blood flow into and out of the chambers of the heart. (ehow.co.uk)
- These flexible vessels can change in diameter in response to the blood flow needs of the body by becoming larger or smaller. (heart.org)
- Anastomoses provide critical alternative routes for blood to flow in case of blockages. (wikipedia.org)
- This changes the blood flow to downstream organs, and is determined by the autonomic nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
- The cardiovascular system of the upper limbs plays the vital role of ensuring the adequate flow of blood to and from the shoulders, arms, hands and fingers. (innerbody.com)
- Blood flow also helps to regulate body temperature in this region and reduces the risk of frostbite of the fingers in extreme weather conditions. (innerbody.com)
- Along the way, several smaller arteries branch off to provide blood flow to the tissues of the shoulders and upper arms. (innerbody.com)
- Arteries narrowed by coronary artery disease don't allow blood to flow freely through your arteries. (mayoclinic.org)
- When blood can't flow freely to your heart, you can experience chest pain, a heart attack or irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias). (mayoclinic.org)
- It can also result from strokes caused by an interruption of blood flow to the brain. (mayoclinic.org)
- Electronic blood cell counting is based upon the principle of impedance (i.e., resistance to current flow). (encyclopedia.com)
- He suggested that improper wrapping of joints could stop blood flow, too. (nytimes.com)
- 3-blood flow is laminar. (actapress.com)
Oxygen-rich blood8
- Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood to your heart and other parts of your body. (nih.gov)
- Ischemic heart disease happens when the arteries of the heart cannot deliver enough oxygen-rich blood to the tissues of the heart when it is needed during periods of stress or physical effort. (nih.gov)
- Coronary heart disease , also called coronary artery disease, is a type of ischemic heart disease caused by the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries that supply oxygen-rich blood to your heart. (nih.gov)
- These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to your brain. (nih.gov)
- These arteries supply your heart muscle with oxygen-rich blood. (nih.gov)
- Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body. (cdc.gov)
- There are a number of different methods you can use to increase the amount of oxygen-rich blood that flows to your brain. (wikihow.com)
- This causes your heart to work harder pumping nutrient and oxygen-rich blood to your whole body. (lifehack.org)
Flows4
- De- oxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava flows into the right atrium. (bio-medicine.org)
- Blood flows through arteries as it goes to different parts of the body. (lifehack.org)
- The tourniquet should be removed from the arm as soon as the blood flows to prevent hemoconcentration. (encyclopedia.com)
- Blood normally flows freely through blood vessels. (nuffieldfoundation.org)
Pumps blood6
- The heart pumps blood around the body. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The heart pumps blood to itself as well as to the rest of the body. (answers.com)
- The HEART pumps blood to all parts of the body. (answers.com)
- We need our heart because it pumps blood through our body. (answers.com)
- Every time your heart beats, it pumps blood through your arteries to the rest of your body. (healthfinder.gov)
- Your heart pumps blood to your entire body. (mayoclinic.org)
Vessels that carry1
- Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood from the heart. (heart.org)
Circulates2
- Blood Vessels are tubes through which the blood circulates in the body. (news-medical.net)
- The heart circulates blood throughout the body with every beat. (medicinenet.com)
Bloodstream4
- You won't breathe easy after reading this: a few of the nanoparticles in the air you are inhaling are entering your bloodstream and building up in the diseased areas of your arteries. (newscientist.com)
- It has long been suspected that some of the nanoparticles we breathe in could get into the bloodstream and damage blood vessels, but until now, this had never been shown. (newscientist.com)
- Thus, endothelial cells line the entire vascular system, from the heart to the smallest capillary, and control the passage of materials-and the transit of white blood cells-into and out of the bloodstream. (nih.gov)
- When fats from your diet enter your bloodstream, they can collect in the damaged arteries. (mayoclinic.org)
Carotid arteries3
- A: The carotid arteries carry oxygen- and nutrient-rich blood from the heart to the brain. (dailyherald.com)
- A carotid ultrasound can detect whether your father has narrowing, or stenosis, of his carotid arteries. (dailyherald.com)
- That's because most people do not have plaques in their carotid arteries, so there would be nothing to see. (dailyherald.com)
Kidneys2
- When the heart and arteries don't work as well as they should, other body parts (like the kidneys, eyes, and brain) may suffer. (kidshealth.org)
- Your kidneys filter excess fluid and waste from your blood - a process that depends on healthy blood vessels. (mayoclinic.org)
Causes the arteries1
Organs5
- To provide sufficient oxygen to tissues and organs within the body, blood vessels need to sprout new offshoots to form a widespread blood supply network, much like the trunk, branches, and twigs of a tree. (news-medical.net)
- The function of the baroreceptors is to ensure that sufficient blood reaches the organs and tissues of the body. (medicinenet.com)
- There are other organs and systems in our bodies that help regulate blood cells. (uhhospitals.org)
- This may damage arteries and cause not enough blood to get to your organs. (lifehack.org)
- Obstructed arteries can also damage organs (remember-organs need blood in order to function! (education.com)
Buildup2
- Figure B shows an artery with plaque buildup. (nih.gov)
- The inset image shows a cross-section of an artery with plaque buildup. (nih.gov)
Pump6
- and a mercurial blood-gas pump for the separation of gases from the blood, which led to an understanding of the role played by oxygen and other gases in the purification of blood. (britannica.com)
- Heart failure is a condition in which your heart can't pump enough blood to meet your body's needs. (nih.gov)
- This enlargement can cause the heart to not pump blood with optimal force and efficiency. (healthcentral.com)
- Heart failure, also called congestive heart failure , means the heart is unable to pump blood to the rest of the body the way it should. (medicinenet.com)
- The ventricles are part of the heart, they are the two lower chambers which pump blood around the body by contracting. (answers.com)
- These changes limit the ventricle's ability to pump blood to your body. (mayoclinic.org)
Treatments3
- What Are the Treatments for Artery Blockages? (reference.com)
- Also, people who have DHD tend to have less success with some heart disease treatments, such as coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention , also known as coronary angioplasty. (nih.gov)
- Other treatments are currently being developed, including experimental approaches that use gene therapy or other biological agents to try to encourage the growth of new blood vessels that could take over for blocked vessels. (eurekalert.org)
Platelets10
- A blood clot is a gel-like mass formed by platelets and fibrin in the blood to stop bleeding. (rxlist.com)
- If the lining of the blood vessels becomes damaged, platelets are recruited to the injured area to form an initial plug. (rxlist.com)
- These include the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. (uhhospitals.org)
- Platelets are much smaller in size than the other blood cells. (uhhospitals.org)
- To avoid that, the researchers coated antibiotic-containing plastic nanoparticles with cell membranes removed from human platelets, which are disk-shaped cell fragments found in the blood. (popsci.com)
- A blood clot, or thrombus, is a mass of platelets in the blood that helps the body repair damaged blood vessels and stop bleeding. (livestrong.com)
- Although blood volume is rapidly restored in an animal after blood collection, a two-week "rest period" is needed for blood constituents (red blood cells, platelets, clotting factors, etc.) to be regenerated by the body. (uwlax.edu)
- A CBC is a group of tests used to quantify the number of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets, provide information about their size and shape, measure the hemoblobin content of RBCs, determine the percentage and absolute number of the five white blood cell types, and identify early and abnormal blood cells. (encyclopedia.com)
- The diluted blood sample is split into two parts, one for counting RBCs and platelets and the other for counting WBCs. (encyclopedia.com)
- Cyclooxygenases speed up the production of chemicals which can cause pain and inflammation, and others which cause platelets in the blood to stick together. (nuffieldfoundation.org)
Flexible arteries1
- Relaxed and flexible arteries offer a healthy amount of resistance to each pulse of blood. (harvard.edu)
Heart's2
- When the arteries narrow 50% to 70%, there isn't enough blood to meet the heart's increased oxygen demand during exercise, producing the chest pain known as angina. (latimes.com)
- It occurs when the heart's tiny arteries do not function normally. (nih.gov)
Person's3
- The higher a person's blood sugar level is, the higher his or her risk of DHD. (nih.gov)
- It varies with the strength of the heartbeat, the elasticity of the arterial walls, the volume and viscosity of the blood, and a person's health, age, and physical condition. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Dr. James McKinsey, a surgeon at Mount Sinai Roosevelt, said dehydration, in a minor way, could increase the thickness of a person's blood, making it more susceptible to clotting. (nytimes.com)
Coronary artery6
- Coronary artery bypass surgery, which former President Clinton is scheduled to undergo, is often the treatment of choice for heart patients who have extensively clogged arteries or for those who are relatively young and desire a more maintenance-free procedure, experts said Friday. (latimes.com)
- At this point, the risk of heart attack is greater, and coronary artery bypass surgery or angioplasty should be considered. (harvard.edu)
- What is heart disease (coronary artery disease)? (medicinenet.com)
- If it is a coronary artery, the result is a heart attack. (washingtonpost.com)
- Coronary artery disease affects the arteries that supply blood to your heart muscle. (mayoclinic.org)
- This is despite the fact that national guidelines recommend physicians treat PAD with the same aggressive medical treatment as they treat coronary artery disease. (eurekalert.org)
Pulse3
- This is the major artery in line with the thumb, where you can feel your pulse. (healthline.com)
- Since the change in arterial blood color is so small, a pulse oximeter works best when measuring in an area of a strong pulse signal, such as the fingertip. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Blood gas tensions are measured by direct blood sampling or transcutaneous diffusion and oxygen saturation of haemoglobin from pulse oximetry. (bmj.com)
Main artery1
- Remove any clothing items that cover your upper arms and wrap the cuff around your arm, placing it at the main artery. (wikihow.com)
Occurs3
- this occurs over time which weakens the arteries and so forces the heart to work harder than usual. (medic8.com)
- The reduced circulation of blood occurs over a period of time. (medindia.net)
- It may be one of a number of hormones or it may be an increase in the volume of blood in the body -- which occurs, for example, when fluids are retained. (washingtonpost.com)
Body19
- Those who exercise regularly, athletes, non-smokers, and those who maintain an optimal body weight experience lower blood pressures. (medicinenet.com)
- Blood returns to the heart by the motion of the body. (rxlist.com)
- Arteries carry oxygen throughout the body. (healthline.com)
- Typically, a blood is slightly basic with pH measurement of close to 7.4 in maintained by the body. (healthline.com)
- Others travel to other parts of the body to develop into mature, functioning blood cells. (uhhospitals.org)
- Over time, though, the body can't make enough insulin to control its blood sugar level. (nih.gov)
- In the fetus, this is how red oxygenated blood is normally pumped through the body. (bio-medicine.org)
- oxygenated blood to the body. (bio-medicine.org)
- Arteries carry blood from your heart to other parts of your body. (cdc.gov)
- Blood helps in maintaining homeostasis , i.e., the regulation of electrolytes, extra-cellular fluids, pH levels and body temperature. (medindia.net)
- As a general rule, 1% of an animal's body weight (measured in grams) can be collected in blood (measured in milliliters) within a 24-hour period, every 14 days. (uwlax.edu)
- If blood needs to be collected once a week, it is recommended that not more than 0.5% of the animal's body weight be removed within a 24-hour period. (uwlax.edu)
- A general rule: An animal's blood volume is 10 percent of its body weight, and only about half of that can be recovered when the animal is bled out. (uwlax.edu)
- Therefore, as a terminal bleed, 5-6 percent of an animal's body weight is a reasonable amount of blood (ml) that can be collected at exsanguination. (uwlax.edu)
- The right side of your heart pumps the blood through your body while the left cleans the bad blood (blood without oxygen). (answers.com)
- When it does, the blood goes to all the body so every part gets all the blood that is nesessary. (answers.com)
- Blood contains essential minerals, so if you didn't have blood flowing thought your body, you would die. (answers.com)
- It helps your body make cell membranes, many hormones, and vitamin D. The cholesterol in your blood comes from two sources: the foods you eat and your liver. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- Method of use of the disclosed apparatus to produce visualizations of blood vessels in the human body are also disclosed. (google.co.uk)