Armillaria
Gastrodia
Agaricales
Fruiting Bodies, Fungal
Survival of plant pathogens in static piles of ground green waste. (1/12)
(+info)Genetic diversity of Armillaria spp. infecting highbush blueberry in northern Italy (Trentino region). (2/12)
(+info)Armillaria mellea induces a set of defense genes in grapevine roots and one of them codifies a protein with antifungal activity. (3/12)
(+info)Taxonomy of Armillaria in the Patagonian forests of Argentina. (4/12)
The taxonomy of Armillaria in southern South America has received little attention since the work of Singer and others. In this study we examine the morphological traits and cultural features for taxa representing the lineages revealed based on molecular phylogeny, and we link them to previously described taxa based on morphology. Lineages I-IV were identified as Armillaria novae-zelandiae, A. montagnei, A. umbrinobrunnea comb. nov. and A. sparrei respectively. They could be differentiated morphologically based on dimension, features of the epicutis, annulus, stipe, hymenophoral trama and flavor and characteristics in culture. Furthermore there was no evidence of host preference for the species recognized. This is the first study integrating the phylogeny and morphology of Armillaria species from Patagonia, and it provides a foundation for future research on these fungi in South America. (+info)Contrasting patterns of genetic diversity and population structure of Armillaria mellea sensu stricto in the eastern and western United States. (5/12)
(+info)Sequence-based identification of Japanese Armillaria species using the elongation factor-1 alpha gene. (6/12)
We analyzed the sequences of three DNA regions-the translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and intergenic spacer (IGS) regions of ribosomal DNA-to compare their accuracy in identifying species of Japanese Armillaria. We studied 49 isolates of eight Armillaria species, A. mellea, A. ostoyae, A. nabsnona, A. cepistipes, A. gallica, A. sinapina, A. tabescens and the biological species Nagasawa E (Nag. E). Phylogenetic analyses of the ITS and IGS data helped in identifying A. mellea, A. ostoyae, A. nabsnona, A. tabescens and Nag. E but could not be used to identify A. gallica, A. cepistipes and A. sinapina. Nevertheless our analysis showed that the EF-1 alpha gene was clearly different in the eight examined species. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) of the IGS-1 region could be used to distinguish most species, but the RFLP profiles of some isolates of A. cepistipes and A. sinapina were the same even with four different restriction enzymes. In conclusion, among the techniques examined in this study, analyzing the EF-1 alpha sequence was found to be the most suitable method for identifying different species of Japanese Armillaria. (+info)Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation for investigation of somatic recombination in the fungal pathogen Armillaria mellea. (7/12)
(+info)Cloning and characterization of an Armillaria gallica cDNA encoding protoilludene synthase, which catalyzes the first committed step in the synthesis of antimicrobial melleolides. (8/12)
(+info)Armillaria is a genus of fungi that includes several species commonly known as honey mushrooms or ringless honey mushrooms. These fungi are known for their characteristic yellow-brown to honey-colored caps and white, stringy rhizomorphs, which resemble shoestrings, that grow underground and help the fungus spread.
Armillaria species can be parasitic or saprophytic, meaning they can live off of other organisms (such as trees) either by killing them or by breaking down dead organic matter. Some species of Armillaria are known to cause a disease called armillaria root rot, which affects a wide range of plants and trees, including forest trees, ornamental shrubs, and agricultural crops.
In addition to their ecological significance, some species of Armillaria are also edible and considered a delicacy in certain cuisines. However, care must be taken to properly identify the fungi before consuming them, as some species can cause gastrointestinal symptoms if eaten.
Gastrodia is the name of a genus of plants, but in a medical context, "Gastrodia" most commonly refers to Gastrodia elata, a species of orchid that is native to China and other parts of East Asia. This plant has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries to treat various conditions, including headaches, seizures, and nervous disorders.
The primary active component of Gastrodia is thought to be gastrodin, a phenolic glycoside that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects in laboratory studies. However, more research is needed to fully understand the medicinal properties of this plant and its potential therapeutic uses.
It's important to note that while Gastrodia has a long history of use in traditional medicine, it should not be used as a substitute for modern medical treatment. If you are considering using Gastrodia or any other herbal supplement, it's important to talk to your healthcare provider first to ensure that it is safe and appropriate for your individual health needs.
A blueberry plant (Vaccinium spp.) is a shrub that belongs to the heath family (Ericaceae) and is known for its small, round, blue-purple berries. The term "blueberry plant" generally refers to several species within the genus Vaccinium that produce edible fruits, including highbush blueberries (V. corymbosum), lowbush blueberries (V. angustifolium), and rabbiteye blueberries (V. ashei). These plants are native to North America and can be found growing in woodlands, swamps, and sandy areas.
Blueberry plants have simple, elliptical leaves that are typically green in color but may turn red or yellow in the fall. The flowers of blueberry plants are bell-shaped and range in color from white to pink. The fruit is a small berry that contains numerous tiny seeds and is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals.
Blueberry plants are popular for their delicious fruits, which can be eaten fresh or used in a variety of culinary applications, such as pies, jams, and smoothies. The plants are also grown for ornamental purposes due to their attractive flowers and foliage. Blueberry plants prefer acidic soil with a pH between 4.0 and 5.5 and require consistent moisture and well-drained conditions to thrive.
Agaricales is an order of fungi that includes mushrooms, toadstools, and other gilled fungi. These fungi are characterized by their distinctive fruiting bodies, which have a cap (pileus) and stem (stipe), and gills (lamellae) on the underside of the cap where the spores are produced. Agaricales contains many well-known and economically important genera, such as Agaricus (which includes the common button mushroom), Amanita (which includes the deadly "death cap" mushroom), and Coprinus (which includes the inky cap mushrooms). The order was established by the Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries in 1821.
Mycelium is not a specifically medical term, but it is a biological term used in fungi and other organisms. Medically, it might be relevant in certain contexts such as discussing fungal infections. Here's the general definition:
Mycelium (my-SEE-lee-um) is the vegetative part of a fungus, consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae. It is the underground portion of the fungus that supports the growth of the organism and is often responsible for the decomposition of organic material. Mycelium can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and dead or living organisms.
A fruiting body, in the context of mycology (the study of fungi), refers to the part of a fungus that produces spores for sexual or asexual reproduction. These structures are often what we typically think of as mushrooms or toadstools, although not all fungal fruiting bodies resemble these familiar forms.
Fungal fruiting bodies can vary greatly in size, shape, and color, depending on the species of fungus. They may be aboveground, like the caps and stalks of mushrooms, or underground, like the tiny, thread-like structures known as "corals" in some species.
The primary function of a fruiting body is to produce and disperse spores, which can give rise to new individuals when they germinate under favorable conditions. The development of a fruiting body is often triggered by environmental factors such as moisture, temperature, and nutrient availability.
Basidiomycota is a phylum in the kingdom Fungi that consists of organisms commonly known as club fungi or club mushrooms. The name Basidiomycota is derived from the presence of a characteristic reproductive structure called a basidium, which is where spores are produced.
The basidiomycetes include many familiar forms such as mushrooms, toadstools, bracket fungi, and other types of polypores. They have a complex life cycle that involves both sexual and asexual reproduction. The sexual reproductive stage produces a characteristic fruiting body, which may be microscopic or highly visible, depending on the species.
Basidiomycota fungi play important ecological roles in decomposing organic matter, forming mutualistic relationships with plants, and acting as parasites on other organisms. Some species are economically important, such as edible mushrooms, while others can be harmful or even deadly to humans and animals.
Armillaria
Armillaria viridiflava
Armillaria camerunensis
Armillaria melleorubens
Armillaria ostoyae
Armillaria griseomellea
Armillaria procera
Armillaria ectypa
Armillaria tabescens
Armillaria yungensis
Armillaria fumosa
Armillaria apalosclera
Armillaria sinapina
Armillaria fuscipes
Armillaria duplicata
Armillaria calvescens
Armillaria borealis
Armillaria puiggarii
Armillaria tigrensis
Armillaria hinnulea
Armillaria gemina
Armillaria umbrinobrunnea
Armillaria mellea
Armillaria montagnei
Armillaria gallica
Armillaria socialis
Armillaria pelliculata
Armillaria singula
Armillaria limonea
Armillaria paulensis
Armillaria - Wikipedia
Armillaria viridiflava - Wikipedia
Armillaria (Shoestring Root Rot) - APGA
Species of Armillaria in British Columbia | Canadian Forest Service Publications | Natural Resources Canada
Armillaria tabescens (Scop.) Emel 1921 | Agriculture and Food
Armillaria albolanaripes | Western Pennsylvania Mushroom Club
Armillaria ostoyae | Western Pennsylvania Mushroom Club
Armillaria - Honey f... stock photo by Nicola Stocken, Image: 0621435
Grape Armillaria Fungus - How To Treat A Grapevine With Armillaria Root Rot | Gardening Know How
Visit to University of California to learn population genetics methods to study Armillaria mellea (BSPP Senior Fellowship) -...
AID 1080021 - Fungicidal activity against Armillaria mellea infected apple assessed as mycelial growth inhibition at 10 mg/l...
A Zarrota Galeria - Last additions/Armillaria Ostoyae
Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm. 1871 | Agriculture and Food
Armillaria root rot in Alberta:... | ERA
Honey fungus, impending tree death by armillaria root rot
Armillaria Matsutake Extract Archives - Tloppy
Armillaria Ostoyae - Güncel Teknoloji Blogu
Status - Armillaria novae-zelandiae 2840 v1.0
Honey Fungus {Armillaria mellea} | Alex Hyde
Armillaria mellea · paprastasis kelmutis | TYT.LT
Armillaria Root Rot Identification, Treatment, and Prevention
MycoNutri Honey Mushroom 250g powder (Armillaria mellea)
Armillaria Mellea: Native Soil Fungus Causing Root Rot - UC Oaks
Comparative genomics reveals mobile pathogenicity chromosomes in Fusarium | Nature
Armillaria mellea (P. Pirot, E. Charles, B. Clesse, F. Draye, M. Lecomte, J. Arthaud)
Armillaria - A Common Fungal Parasite of Certain Trees and Shrubs - UF/IFAS Extension Orange County
Plant Life - Plants and Vegetation - Part 2
Mellea18
- Armillaria is a genus of fungi that includes the A. mellea species known as honey fungi that live on trees and woody shrubs. (wikipedia.org)
- Armillaria mellea is a fungus that is naturally found in trees in California and that is commonly called oak root fungus. (gardeningknowhow.com)
- In the UK there are five species of Armillaria but the most pathogenic is A. mellea . (bspp.org.uk)
- The focus of this collaborative project was to determine the importance of spore dispersal in populations of Armillaria mellea in UK gardens using population genetics tools. (bspp.org.uk)
- During the fellowship, I applied a methodology that had been developed to genotype Armillaria mellea from USA populations on the UK isolates, with assistance from Phillip Fujiyoshi. (bspp.org.uk)
- Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm. (wa.gov.au)
- There are two types of diseases: one striking deciduous trees ( Armillaria mellea ) and the one contaminating conifers ( Armillaria ostoyae ). (nature-and-garden.com)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armillaria_mellea Armillaria mellea is widely distributed in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. (tyt.lt)
- The most common and pathogenic species to trees (specifically conifers) are Armillaria mellea and Armillaria ostoyae. (72tree.com)
- Honey Mushroom produces a number of unique compounds, including several antibiotics and indole compounds and MycoNutri Honey Mushroom uses a combination of whole Armillaria Mellea and concentrated hot-water extract. (mushroomnutrition.com)
- Armillaria mellea is a common soil-borne fungus that lives on a wide range of woody and herbaceous plants. (berkeley.edu)
- Under natural conditions, Armillaria mellea usually inhabits the root system of most native oaks without ill effect. (berkeley.edu)
- Mushrooms are the fruiting stage of Armillaria mellea . (berkeley.edu)
- Positive identification of these mushrooms alone is indicative of Armillaria mellea . (berkeley.edu)
- The black lines formed by Armillaria mellea (Vahl) quel. (degruyter.com)
- Among these mushrooms, Armillaria mellea (AM) stands out due to its abundant biologically active components. (bvsalud.org)
- METHODS: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Armillaria mellea fruiting body (AFB), Armillaria rhizomorph (AR) and Armillaria mellea fermentation product (after rhizomorphs removal) (AFP) on hyperuricemic mice. (bvsalud.org)
- CONCLUSIONS: Armillaria mellea and its fermentation products can treat hyperuricemia by up-regulating OAT1 protein and OAT3 protein, reducing uric acid content in mice. (bvsalud.org)
Ostoyae12
- The largest known organism (of the species Armillaria ostoyae) covers more than 3.4 square miles (8.8 km2) in Oregon's Malheur National Forest and is estimated to be 2,500 years old. (wikipedia.org)
- Armillaria ostoyae, a parasitic fungal species, is more commonly known as honey fungus. (teknobey.net)
- Armillaria ostoyae is known for causing Armillaria root rot in susceptible trees, a disease that can ultimately lead to the death of the host tree. (teknobey.net)
- Although Armillaria ostoyae has a negative impact on trees and forests, it plays an important ecological role in forest ecosystems. (teknobey.net)
- What is Armillaria Ostoyae? (teknobey.net)
- Armillaria ostoyae is a fascinating species of fungus that has gained widespread attention due to its impressive size and longevity. (teknobey.net)
- Armillaria ostoyae forms mycelial networks, also known as "rhizomorphs," that spread quickly underground and can span up to several miles, making it one of the largest living organisms on earth. (teknobey.net)
- If you're interested in the natural world and the vital role that fungi play in forest ecosystems, Armillaria ostoyae is a species worth learning about. (teknobey.net)
- Armillaria ostoyae, a parasitic fungal species commonly known as honey fungus, has a complex life cycle that plays a significant role in the destruction of trees. (teknobey.net)
- Vast networks of Armillaria can extend belowground, and in fact, the largest known organism in the world is a specimen of Armillaria ostoyae that covers more than 3.4 square miles in Oregon. (ufl.edu)
- The fungus is called Armillaria ostoyae , but is more popularly known as the honey mushroom. (bbc.co.uk)
- Until now, the largest known organism was another Armillaria ostoyae found infecting ponderosa pine in eastern Washington State in 1992. (bbc.co.uk)
Fungi6
- Honey fungus is the common name for basidiomycete fungi in the genus Armillaria , and refers to the colour of the mushrooms produced in the autumn. (bspp.org.uk)
- This disease is caused by multiple fungi in the genus Armillaria, also known as shoestring root rot, oak root fungus, honey agaric, or honey fungus. (72tree.com)
- There are several species of Armillaria fungi that appear quite similar, but act in the same way by infecting plants from their roots. (ufl.edu)
- Armillaria gallica , first studied by James B. Anderson in 1992, was re analyzed 26 years later ( which is not nearly 30 that's 4 years off, closer to 25 years really) by Anderson to discover that instead of a 1,500 years old and 100,000Kg fungi that spans 37 acres this single individual is actually closer to 2,500 years old 400,000Kg, and spanning 173 acres in a forest in northern Michigan. (msu.edu)
- Fungi associated with Armillaria spp. (ibles.pl)
- Horizontal gene transfer explains unusual traits of Armillaria fungi. (bvsalud.org)
Fungus11
- Armillaria viridiflava is a species of agaric fungus in the family Physalacriaceae. (wikipedia.org)
- Armillaria Root Rot: Biology and Control of Honey Fungus. (wikipedia.org)
- Armillaria - Honey fungus is the common name given to several different species of Armillaria that kill trees and plants. (gapphotos.com)
- The fungus lives in the soil and infects the roots of plants, causing Armillaria root rot (ARR), disrupting water uptake and killing the plant. (bspp.org.uk)
- Armillaria (or root rot ) is a disease caused by a fungus that attacks ligneous plants. (nature-and-garden.com)
- To fully understand the disease caused by Armillaria , it's important to understand the biology of fungus in general. (nature-and-garden.com)
- The armillaria fungus has many different ways of infecting new hosts. (nature-and-garden.com)
- If you've had armillaria in your plot, planting these should make it harder for the fungus to strike again. (nature-and-garden.com)
- Therefore, early detection of Armillaria root rot is essential for the management and control of this destructive fungus. (teknobey.net)
- Armillaria root rot is caused by several species of Armillaria fungus. (72tree.com)
- Another trick to test plants suspected of advanced Armillaria infection is to peel back a little of the bark - underneath there will often be white web-like structures of the fungus known as mycelium. (ufl.edu)
Species13
- Some species of Armillaria display bioluminescence, resulting in foxfire. (wikipedia.org)
- All Armillaria species have a white spore print and none have a volva (cup at base) (compare Amanita). (wikipedia.org)
- List of Armillaria species Volk TJ, Burdsall HH Jr. (1995). (wikipedia.org)
- A nomenclatural study of Armillaria and Armillariella species (Basidiomycotina, Tricholomataceae)" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
- It is a parasitic species that causes Armillaria root rot, a disease that affects an array of North American tree species. (teknobey.net)
- It causes Armillaria root rot in many plant species and produces mushrooms around the base of trees it has infected. (tyt.lt)
- Many known species of Armillaria exist in North America and are not easily distinguishable from one another. (72tree.com)
- Some species of Armillaria will produce mushrooms near (or on) infected tree roots or trunks. (72tree.com)
- The species in Florida do not spread as extensively, but sites with a history of Armillaria should be monitored for its spread. (ufl.edu)
- Some species are more susceptible than others, and having a variety of plants can help curtail the colonization if Armillaria becomes present within your landscape. (ufl.edu)
- Technological advancements in genome sequencing, assembly and annotation platforms and algorithms that resulted in several genomic studies have created an opportunity to further our understanding of the biology of phytopathogens, including Armillaria species. (bvsalud.org)
- Most Armillaria species are facultative necrotrophs that cause root- and stem-rot, usually on woody plants, significantly impacting agriculture and forestry worldwide. (bvsalud.org)
- Knowledge gained from genomic studies of Armillaria species is summarized and prospects for further research are provided. (bvsalud.org)
Mushrooms2
- As long as nourishment is accessible and temperature and moisture are suitable, an Armillaria mycelium network will produce new sporophores (mushrooms) each fruiting season (late summer and fall). (72tree.com)
- While new infections can result from airborne spores released by Armillaria mushrooms, the most common way this disease spreads is by underground rhizomorph growth originating from an infected tree, shrub, or plant. (72tree.com)
Organism1
- Home » Organism Search » Armillaria tabescens (Scop. (wa.gov.au)
Pathogen2
- Armillaria can be a destructive forest pathogen. (wikipedia.org)
- Because of this long-distance, hidden propagation, Armillaria is definitely a fearsome pathogen. (nature-and-garden.com)
Gallica1
- During our experiment, we found that the vegetative mycelium of Armillaria gallica 012m grew significantly better in the media containing gibberellic acid (GA3) than the blank control group (BK). (bvsalud.org)
Facultative1
- Because Armillaria is a facultative saprophyte, it also feeds on dead plant material, allowing it to kill its host, unlike parasites that must moderate their growth to avoid host death. (wikipedia.org)
Root20
- armillaria root rot (various hosts). (wa.gov.au)
- What is Armillaria Root Rot of Grapes? (gardeningknowhow.com)
- A grapevine with armillaria root rot is difficult or impossible to successfully treat. (gardeningknowhow.com)
- armillaria root rot. (wa.gov.au)
- These spores are dispersed by wind and water and infect the roots of susceptible trees, causing Armillaria root rot. (teknobey.net)
- Armillaria root rot is a disease that can have devastating effects on trees and plants. (teknobey.net)
- Finally, Armillaria root rot can also cause small, mushroom-like structures to grow on the roots of the infected trees. (teknobey.net)
- Armillaria root rot is a serious disease that can cause significant damage to trees and forests. (teknobey.net)
- The best approach to managing Armillaria root rot is to take proactive measures to prevent its spread. (teknobey.net)
- Your ability to quickly identify Armillaria root rot will help you take swift action to eradicate it from your landscape. (72tree.com)
- 72tree.com gathered the following information about the causes, identification, treatment, and prevention of Armillaria root rot. (72tree.com)
- Armillaria root rot is a severe tree and woody plant disease. (72tree.com)
- What Causes Armillaria Root Rot? (72tree.com)
- Armillaria can survive many years in wood debris like old stumps or root systems. (72tree.com)
- How Does Armillaria Root Rot Spread? (72tree.com)
- No. Once a host is infected, there is no effective treatment (cure) for Armillaria root rot. (72tree.com)
- Slowing Armillaria root rot in plants, shrubs, and trees is possible by removing affected roots and dead wood if the foliage is in the early stages of root rot or if the decay isn't widespread. (72tree.com)
- Once a plant, shrub, or tree is infected with Armillaria root rot, the fungi's mycelia also contaminate the surrounding soil and are highly resistant to fungicides and other chemical treatments. (72tree.com)
- The only absolute method to eliminate Armillaria root rot is the complete removal and incineration of infected plants, shrubs, and trees, including their foliage, trunks, stems, and roots. (72tree.com)
- Armillaria root rot is a problematic disease of woody plants through Florida and much of the world. (ufl.edu)
Destructive1
- Armillaria on grapes can be very destructive, so it is important to know the signs of an infection and to recognize them as early on as possible. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Symptoms1
- Trees show symptoms and signs of Armillaria infection at different rates. (72tree.com)
Spore1
- are separated from Armillaria by its yellowish to greenish-yellow tone and a dark brown to grey-brown spore print. (wikipedia.org)
Infections1
- These two measures together are largely effective in preventing armillaria infections. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Prevention1
- If you are growing vines in an area that has armillaria, prevention before you plant is the best strategy. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Live1
- Armillaria mycelia may live hundreds of years or die within months. (72tree.com)
Show1
- for example, in his show Armillaria, at Gallery Funaki, he displays a little "bronze" cup in the cabinet of curiosities he has fashioned from the pristine walls of the Crossley Lane space. (artjewelryforum.org)
Review1
- Genome sequencing, assembly and annotation in terms of samples used and methods applied in Armillaria genome projects are evaluated in this review. (bvsalud.org)
Tabescens8
- [4] reported Armillaria tabescens to be more prevalent in areas where the trees were stressed due to limited moisture. (wikipedia.org)
- Armillaria tabescens was also recorded in poplar and eucalyptus plantations, and almond trees were found to be very susceptible to infection. (wikipedia.org)
- Armillaria tabescens causes separation of the bark from the wood by the production of mycelial fans in the trunk, a common sign of Armillaria root rot . (wikipedia.org)
- [5] Small trees are killed rapidly by Armillaria tabescens and the symptoms aren't noticeable until the leaves wilt. (wikipedia.org)
- Armillaria tabescens is found in warm and dry regions, so it tends to be in southern areas. (wikipedia.org)
- Armillaria tabescens grows quickly at 28-30 °C (82-86 °F) and more slowly at 5 °C (41 °F). [8] If the soil is moist, fruiting bodies are abundant. (wikipedia.org)
- [9] Armillaria tabescens grows poorly on sand and produces shorter rhizomorphs. (wikipedia.org)
- Armillaria tabescens (Scop. (mycopedia.ch)
Rhizomorphs1
- The Armillaria fungus also makes black, shoestring-like structures called rhizomorphs, which are occasionally found within the bark and/or extending into surrounding soil. (extension.org)
Luteobubalina1
- Podger FD, Kile GA, Watling R, Fryer J. Spread and effects of Armillaria luteobubalina sp. (wikipedia.org)
Honey2
- Armillaria Root Rot: Biology and Control of Honey Fungus. (wikipedia.org)
- Honey Mushroom (Armillaria sp. (credoreference.com)
Emel1
- Emel, Le Genre Armillaria, Fr. (mycopedia.ch)
Pests1
- Well-established trees may be infected by Armillaria for decades without showing major symptoms of infection until they are weakened by insect defoliation, drought, competition for light and soil minerals, or attack from other insect pests and diseases. (umass.edu)
Specimens1
- Mature specimens of Armillaria hinnulea have flattened brown to olive-green caps with a dark granular material on the centres. (citscihub.nz)
Diseases1
- Armillaria root rot, also known as shoestring root rot and oak root fungus, is one of the most common root diseases of trees and shrubs. (bartlett.com)
Berk1
- Armillaria edodes (Berk. (wikipedia.org)
Mycelial1
- Single Armillaria individuals have been shown to extend miles across via mycelial network below ground, with ages estimated at 1000s of years. (midwestmycology.org)
Saprophyte2
- Because Armillaria is a facultative saprophyte, it also feeds on dead plant material, allowing it to kill its host, unlike parasites that must moderate their growth to avoid host death. (wikipedia.org)
- Once the tree dies, Armillaria lives as a saprophyte, decomposing the infected wood tissue. (umass.edu)
Trees4
- Armillaria is generally more aggressive on trees that are stressed by insect infestation, drought, ice/wind storms, or mechanical injury. (umass.edu)
- In addition, young trees planted close to stumps of large trees serving as an inoculum source for Armillaria are vulnerable to infection. (umass.edu)
- The aboveground symptoms of Armillaria root and butt rot on infected trees are mostly general in nature and are often not specific enough to allow for accurate diagnosis by themselves. (umass.edu)
- Poor growth and undersized leaves are the symptoms of armillaria crown and root rot on thundercloud plum trees. (gardenguides.com)
Insect1
- After severe insect defoliation in consecutive years, widespread mortality can occur due to infections from Armillaria . (umass.edu)
Mushroom1
- They can be viewed en masse by placing the cap of a mushroom on a piece of white paper and covering it with a glass (Plate 3). (fao.org)
Woody1
- Nearly all woody plants and even some non-woody plants are susceptible to infection from Armillaria . (umass.edu)
Grow side by s1
- which can grow side by side with Armillaria spp. (wikipedia.org)
Tissue1
- Armillaria root rot is a fungus that infects central tissue and kills off the trunk and root of bamboo. (gardenguides.com)