Armenia
An ancient country in western Asia, by the twentieth century divided among the former USSR, Turkey, and Iran. It was attacked at various times from before the 7th century B.C. to 69 B.C. by Assyrians, Medes, Persians, the Greeks under Alexander, and the Romans. It changed hands frequently in wars between Neo-Persian and Roman Empires from the 3d to 7th centuries and later under Arabs, Seljuks, Byzantines, and Mongols. In the 19th century Armenian nationalism arose but suffered during Russo-Turkish hostilities. It became part of the Soviet Republic in 1921, with part remaining under Turkey. (Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988)
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Familial Mediterranean Fever
A group of HEREDITARY AUTOINFLAMMATION DISEASES, characterized by recurrent fever, abdominal pain, headache, rash, PLEURISY; and ARTHRITIS. ORCHITIS; benign MENINGITIS; and AMYLOIDOSIS may also occur. Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in marenostrin gene result in autosomal recessive transmission; simple heterozygous, autosomal dominant form of the disease.
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Mutation and haplotype studies of familial Mediterranean fever reveal new ancestral relationships and evidence for a high carrier frequency with reduced penetrance in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. (1/54)
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a recessive disorder characterized by episodes of fever with serositis or synovitis. The FMF gene (MEFV) was cloned recently, and four missense mutations were identified. Here we present data from non-Ashkenazi Jewish and Arab patients in whom we had not originally found mutations and from a new, more ethnically diverse panel. Among 90 symptomatic mutation-positive individuals, 11 mutations accounted for 79% of carrier chromosomes. Of the two mutations that are novel, one alters the same residue (680) as a previously known mutation, and the other (P369S) is located in exon 3. Consistent with another recent report, the E148Q mutation was observed in patients of several ethnicities and on multiple microsatellite haplotypes, but haplotype data indicate an ancestral relationships between non-Jewish Italian and Ashkenazi Jewish patients with FMF and other affected populations. Among approximately 200 anonymous Ashkenazi Jewish DNA samples, the MEFV carrier frequency was 21%, with E148Q the most common mutation. Several lines of evidence indicate reduced penetrance among Ashkenazi Jews, especially for E148Q, P369S, and K695R. Nevertheless, E148Q helps account for recessive inheritance in an Ashkenazi family previously reported as an unusual case of dominantly inherited FMF. The presence of three frequent MEFV mutations in multiple Mediterranean populations strongly suggests a heterozygote advantage in this geographic region. (+info)MEFV-Gene analysis in armenian patients with Familial Mediterranean fever: diagnostic value and unfavorable renal prognosis of the M694V homozygous genotype-genetic and therapeutic implications. (2/54)
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a recessively inherited disorder that is common in patients of Armenian ancestry. To date, its diagnosis, which can be made only retrospectively, is one of exclusion, based entirely on nonspecific clinical signs that result from serosal inflammation and that may lead to unnecessary surgery. Renal amyloidosis, prevented by colchicine, is the most severe complication of FMF, a disorder associated with mutations in the MEFV gene. To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of MEFV-gene analysis, we investigated 90 Armenian FMF patients from 77 unrelated families that were not selected through genetic-linkage analysis. Eight mutations, one of which (R408Q) is new, were found to account for 93% of the 163 independent FMF alleles, with both FMF alleles identified in 89% of the patients. In several instances, family studies provided molecular evidence for pseudodominant transmission and incomplete penetrance of the disease phenotype. The M694V homozygous genotype was found to be associated with a higher prevalence of renal amyloidosis and arthritis, compared with other genotypes (P=.0002 and P=.006, respectively). The demonstration of both the diagnostic and prognostic value of MEFV analysis and particular modes of inheritance should lead to new ways for management of FMF-including genetic counseling and therapeutic decisions in affected families. (+info)Epidemic investigation of diphtheria in the Republic of Armenia, 1990-1996. (3/54)
While incidence rates of diphtheria steadily declined in Armenia after World War II, reemergence of the disease in 1990 brought about changes in public health practices and identified resource needs. The Armenian Ministry of Health (MOH) routinely collected diphtheria case reports, as a reportable health outcome. Diphtheria incidence rates increased from 0.02/100,000 in 1993 to 1/100,000 (36 cases) in 1994. The distribution of cases showed that the greatest number of illnesses and deaths occurred among persons 5-14 years old, yet incidence rates among persons 1-4 and 5-14 years old were similar (4. 4 cases/ and 4.3 cases/100,000, respectively). During 1990-1996, 9 (75%) of 12 cases who died and 18 (21%) of 84 cases who survived had not been vaccinated. The diphtheria epidemic in Armenia was an important, serious, and signal public health event. The Armenian MOH responded by revising immunization practices (1994), improving epidemic control measures (1995), and soliciting international resources (1992-1996). (+info)Identification of MEFV-independent modifying genetic factors for familial Mediterranean fever. (4/54)
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a recessively inherited disorder predisposing to renal amyloidosis and associated with mutations in MEFV, a gene encoding a protein of unknown function. Differences in clinical expression have been attributed to MEFV-allelic heterogeneity, with the M694V/M694V genotype associated with a high prevalence of renal amyloidosis. However, the variable risk for patients with identical MEFV mutations to develop this severe complication, prevented by lifelong administration of colchicine, strongly suggests a role for other genetic and/or environmental factors. To overcome the well-known difficulties in the identification of modifying genetic factors, we investigated a relatively homogeneous population sample consisting of 137 Armenian patients with FMF from 127 independent families living in Armenia. We selected the SAA1, SAA2, and APOE genes-encoding serum amyloid proteins and apolipoprotein E, respectively-as well as the patients' sex, as candidate modifiers for renal amyloidosis. A stepwise logistic-regression analysis showed that the SAA1alpha/alpha genotype was associated with a sevenfold increased risk for renal amyloidosis, compared with other SAA1 genotypes (odds ratio [OR] 6. 9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.5-19.0). This association, which was present whatever the MEFV genotype, was extremely marked in patients homozygous for M694V (11/11). The risk for male patients of developing renal amyloidosis was fourfold higher than that for female patients (OR=4.0; 95% CI=1.5-10.8). This association, particularly marked in patients who were not homozygous for M694V (34.0% vs. 11.6%), was independent of SAA1-allelic variations. Polymorphisms in the SAA2 or APOE gene did not appear to influence susceptibility to renal amyloidosis. Overall, these data, which provide new insights into the pathophysiology of FMF, demonstrate that susceptibility to renal amyloidosis in this Mendelian disorder is influenced by at least two MEFV-independent factors of genetic origin-SAA1 and sex-that act independently of each other. (+info)Phenotype-genotype correlation in 91 patients with familial Mediterranean fever reveals a high frequency of cutaneomucous features. (5/54)
OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical manifestations of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in 91 patients from 47 families and provide data from the genetic study. P:atients and methods. We conducted a retrospective chart review of 91 patients (including 83 children aged <15 yr) from 47 families through a questionnaire and a specific database. The genetic analysis included complete screening of known mutations of the MEFV gene on chromosome 16p13.3. A positive diagnosis required at least two mutations, one on each chromosome. RESULTS: Our panel included 52 females and 39 males, with a mean age of 7.27 yr. Of the 47 families, 31 were non-Ashkenazi Jews, 10 were Armenians and six were from other ethnic groups. Clinical features included fever (100%), peritonitis (86%), pleuritis (56%), arthritis (34%) and myalgias (27%). We observed a high rate of cutaneous manifestations (47%); erythema, oedema and recurrent oral ulcers were the most frequent. Phenotype-genotype correlations showed a significant association of M694V homozygosity with earlier age of onset (P: = 0.044), fever >39 degrees C (P: = 0. 002), pleural crisis (P: = 0.0044), splenomegaly (P: = 0.0005) and arthritis (P: = 0.001). Associations with mucocutaneous features were as follows: erysipelas-like erythema (P: = 0.012), oedema (P: = 0.61, not significant) and oral ulcers (P: = 0.45, not significant). CONCLUSION: New phenotype-genotype correlations emerged from our study: homozygosity for the M694V mutation was associated with intensity of fever, splenomegaly and with erysipelas-like erythema. Apart from erysipelas-like erythema, no significant association was found between other cutaneous features and the genotype. (+info)Republican Scientific-Medical Library, The Republic of Armenia: progress and programs. (6/54)
In 1990, the Republican Scientific-Medical Library (RSML) of the Ministry of Health of Armenia in collaboration with the Fund for Armenian Relief created a vision of a national library network supported by information technology. This vision incorporated four goals: (1) to develop a national resource collection of biomedical literature accessible to all health professionals, (2) to develop a national network for access to bibliographic information, (3) to develop a systematic mechanism for sharing resources, and (4) to develop a national network of health sciences libraries. During the last decade, the RSML has achieved significant progress toward all four goals and has realized its vision of becoming a fully functional national library. The RSML now provides access to the literature of the health sciences including access to the Armenian medical literature, provides education and training to health professionals and health sciences librarians, and manages a national network of libraries of the major health care institutions in Armenia. The RSML is now able to provide rapid access to the biomedical literature and train health professionals and health sciences librarians in Armenia in information system use. This paper describes the evolution of the RSML and how it was accomplished. (+info)Chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of persons exposed to an earthquake in Armenia. (7/54)
OBJECTIVE: This study attempted to determine the level of chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of victims of the 1988 earthquake in Armenia. METHODS: Chromosome aberrations were measured in blood samples taken from 41 victims of the earthquake that hit Armenia in 1988 and in samples of 47 reference blood donors. The victims suffered from severe psychoemotional stress but were otherwise healthy. All the samples were taken 2 to 3 weeks after the earthquake. All the subjects were lifetime nonsmokers. The cells were scored blind as to the exposure status. RESULTS: The subjects exposed to the earthquake had a higher proportion of cells with chromosome aberrations [3.1 (SD 2.1)%] than the referents [1.7 (SD 1.3)%, P-value for the difference 0.0009]. The difference persisted when the values were adjusted for age and gender [relative risk (RR) 1.9, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.4-2.5]. The difference was present for double breaks (RR 4.1, 95% CI 2.6-6.4), but not for single breaks (RR 1.1, 95% CI 0.8-1.7). The exposed subjects also had a lower percentage of cells with 46 chromosomes (P=0.03) than the referents. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests an increase in chromosome aberrations in the lymphocytes of victims of a severe earthquake as compared with the levels of referents. If not due to bias or confounding, the difference may reflect the effect of either environmental exposures related to the earthquake or severe psychogenic stress. The levels of chromosome aberrations found among the earthquake victims in this study are comparable with those found in prospective studies of long-term cancer risk. (+info)MEFV mutations and phenotype-genotype correlations in North African Jews and Armenians with familial Mediterranean fever. (8/54)
BACKGROUND: Familial Mediterranean fever is a genetic disease in which some characteristic gene mutations have been found. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the phenotype-genotype correlations in North African Jews and Armenians with FMF. METHODS: We studied MEFV gene mutations and phenotype-genotype correlations in North African Jews and Armenians with Familial Mediterranean Fever living in France. RESULTS: M694V mutation was the most common mutation in Jews and in Armenians. Patients with M680I homozygosity or M680I/M694V compound heterozygosity had a phenotype as severe as patients with M694V homozygosity. CONCLUSIONS: This study characterizes the phenotype-genotype in specific ethnic groups of patients with FMF. (+info)
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Nowruz
However, it is celebrated in Armenia by tens of thousands of Iranian tourists who visit Armenia with relative ease.[107] The ... Armenia[edit]. Since the extinction during the 19th century, Nowruz is not celebrated by Armenians and is not a public holiday ... The ritual of jumping over fire has remained in Armenia in the feast of Trndez, which is a feast of purification in the ... "President Sargsyan: Happy Nowruz to Armenia's Kurds and Iran". Hetq Online. 21 March 2015.. ...
Caucasus campaign
Pasdermadjian, Garegin; Aram Torossian (1918). Why Armenia Should be Free: Armenia's Role in the Present War. Hairenik. p. 22. ... Armenia and Azerbaijan engaged in the Armenian-Azerbaijani war (1918-1920) over Karabakh and Nakhichevan, with Armenia losing ... Armenia. United Kingdom. Centrocaspian Dictatorship. Ottoman Empire. 1918:. Azerbaijan. 1918:. Germany. Georgia. ... The Republic of Armenia: The first year, 1918-1919. Page 27. *^ Malkasian, Mark (1996). Gha-Ra-Bagh!: The Emergence of the ...
Prostitution in Europe
Main article: Prostitution in Armenia. Prostitution in Armenia is illegal[2] under administrative law[3] (Article 179.1).[4] ... "Criminal Code of the Republic of Armenia" (PDF). National Assembly of the Republic of Armenia. 18 April 2003. Retrieved 19 ... "Prostitution statistics in Armenia". Retrieved 24 December 2016.. *^ a b c Ditmore, Melissa Hope (2006). Encyclopedia of ... "Armenia: Women Driven into Prostitution". Retrieved 24 December 2016.. *^ a b "The Code of the Azerbaijan Republic On ...
Turban
Armenia[edit]. Much of Armenia's traditions and cultures reflect Middle Eastern origins. Though not common in daily apparel, ... However, before Armenia became a Christian nation, turbans were a common part of the daily apparel, just as in other Middle ...
Qanat
Armenia[edit]. Qanats have been preserved in Armenia in the community of Shvanidzor, in the southern province of Syunik, ...
Surnames by country
Armenia[edit]. Armenian surnames almost always have the ending (Armenian: յան) transliterated into English as -yan or -ian ( ... In ancient Armenia, many noble names ended with the locative -t'si (example, Khorenatsi) or -uni (Bagratuni). Several modern ...
Local government
Armenia[edit]. Main articles: Administrative divisions of Armenia and Municipalities of Armenia ... Armenia is subdivided into eleven administrative divisions. Of these, ten are provinces, known as marzer (մարզեր) or in the ...
List of symphony orchestras in Europe
Armenia[edit]. *Armenian Philharmonic Orchestra. *National Chamber Orchestra of Armenia. *KOHAR Symphony Orchestra and Choir ...
Van, Turkey
However, it also fell once to the Arsacid Dynasty of Armenia in this timespan. In the History of Armenia attributed to Movses ... Kingdom of Armenia[edit]. The region came under the control of the Orontids in the 7th century BC and quickly later the ... Hewsen, Robert H. (2001). Armenia: A Historical Atlas. The University of Chicago Press. p. 207. ISBN 0-226-33228-4. .. ... By the early 2nd century BC it was part of the Kingdom of Armenia. It became an important center during the reign of the ...
Pharmacist
Armenia[edit]. The Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health oversee pharmacy school accreditation in Armenia. Pharmacists ... "Armenia: Pharmaceutical Country Profile" (PDF). World Health Organization. August 13, 2010.. *^ Australian Pharmacy Council. ... there are 0.53 licensed pharmacists and 7.82 licensed pharmacies per 10,000 people in Armenia. Pharmacists are able to ...
Tuff
In Armenia[edit]. Tuff is used extensively in Armenia and Armenian architecture.[58] It is the dominant type of stone used in ... Armenia's second largest city, and Ani, the country's medieval capital, now in Turkey.[61] A small village in Armenia was ... Holding, N. (2006). Armenia: with Nagorno Karabagh. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-84162-163-0. . Retrieved May 26, ... Dictionary of Toponyms of Armenia and Surrounding Regions] Volume V (in Armenian). Yerevan University Press. p. 147.. ...
Military police
"armenia and democratic control of the armed forces - OSCE".. *^ "Law of the Republic of Armenia "About military police"". cis- ... Armenia[edit]. The Military Police (Armenian: Ռազմական ոստիկանություն; Rrazmakan vostikanut'yun) of Armenia fall under the ... The Military Police Bylaws were approved by the Government of Armenia on 25 December 2008. ...
Music of immigrant communities in the United States
Armenia[edit]. See: Music of Armenia Following the Armenian Genocide of 1915 perpetrated by the Young Turk government in Turkey ...
Assyrian-Chaldean-Syriac diaspora
Anna Saghabalian, Assyrians in Armenia, RFE/RL Armenian Service, Armenia Report, Thursday 13 August 1998 ... "Armenian Helsinki Committee - Reflections over Annual Report on International Religious Freedom: Armenia". Archived from the ...
Yazdegerd I
He ruled Armenia for four years and returned to Ctesiphon in 419 to capture the throne from the shah Yazdegerd I, who was in ... However, Khosrov IV survived for only a year, and on his death, the throne became empty once again, leaving Armenia to chaos.[ ... When indulging in the persecution of Christians in Persia, Mihr Narseh also attempted to spread Zoroastrianism in Armenia. ... Under these circumstances, Isaac, the Metropolitan of Armenia, proceeded to the court of Ctesiphon, and petitioned Yazdegerd to ...
Pomegranate
Armenia[edit]. The pomegranate is one of the main fruits in Armenian culture (alongside apricots and grapes). Its juice is used ... For example, the fruit played an integral role in a wedding custom widely practiced in ancient Armenia: a bride was given a ... The pomegranate is a symbol in Armenia, representing fertility, abundance, and marriage. It is also a semi-religious icon. ...
Talk:List of diplomatic missions of France
Cyprus, Georgia, and Armenia[edit]. Cyprus is NOT part of Asia nor the Middle East. It is a part of Europe and the European ... Same goes for Georgia and Armenia. Both are technically part of Europe as they lie north of the Caucus Mountain range. Anything ... Georgia is a possible candidate for EU Membership and Armenia has expressed interest in joing the organization within the next ...
Republic of Artsakh
Indeed, Nagomo- Karabakh is de facto part of Armenia.. *^ "Armenia expects Russian support in Karabakh war". Hürriyet Daily ... Some have said that its reliance on Armenia means that, in many ways, it functions de facto as part of Armenia.[5][6] ... After Armenia established diplomatic relations with Tuvalu in March 2012, it was speculated in the press that Armenia was ... It would continue to be part of the Kingdom of Armenia under the Artaxiad Dynasty, under which Armenia became one of the ...
Demographics of atheism
Armenia[edit]. Main article: Religion in Armenia. A MPG LLC (Marketing Professional Group) survey, commissioned by WIN-Gallup ... International, conducted on November, 2014, found that 2% of Armenia were "convinced atheists."[58][59] ...
Aurora Mardiganian
The first New York performance of the silent film, entitled Ravished Armenia took place on February 16, 1919, in the ballroom ... Mardiganian was referred to in the press as the Joan of Arc of Armenia, describing her role as the spokesperson for the victims ... The narrative Ravished Armenia was used for writing a film script that was produced in 1919, Mardiganian playing herself, and ... The prize is awarded in Yerevan, Armenia, to an individual whose actions have - at their personal peril - had an exceptional ...
Yorgo Alexandrou
He represented Armenia at the 2002 Winter Olympics, reaching 33rd in the two-man bobsleigh event with Dan Janjigian. He, along ... He then recruited a weightlifting champion from Armenia, but his visa application was cancelled in the aftermath of the ... Olympic statistics about Yorgo Alexandrou "Jyorgos ALEXANDROU - Olympic Bobsleigh , Armenia". International Olympic Committee. ... with Janjigian, competed in the two-man bobsleigh event at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah for Armenia. ...
List of national identity card policies by country
Registration Act, supra, § 66(1), (2)(b), (d)-(f). "Armenia , Identity-Cards.net". "GOV.BB". "Getting a New Belize ID Card and ...
Farwan dam
"Middle East Dams , Syria , Armenia". Scribd. Retrieved 2019-10-29. v t e Saudi Arabia portal. ...
Sambucus racemosa subsp. racemosa
Locations it is found in include Albania; Armenia; Austria; Belgium; Bulgaria; California; Canada; Czech Republic; France; ...
Polyommatus damone
Armenia. - xerxesStgr. [cyanea ssp.] , from Shahrud in Persia, is still smaller, the underside paler with the mesial streak ... From Asia Minor (Taurus), Armenia and Persia. - transcaspica Stgr. [now full species] is lighter blue above and darker brown ...
Baniqayis dam
"Middle East Dams , Syria , Armenia". Scribd. Retrieved 2019-11-13. v t e Saudi Arabia portal. ...
Antemurale Christianitatis
Armenia, especially the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, has been described as the last Christian bulwark in Asia to fall to Muslim ... in Armenia and Cilicia, where the fourth and last Armenian dynasty held sway. ... Cilicia, the victim of Christian solidarity, ... "Armenia". Encyclopaedia Britannica Volume II (9th ed.). Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black. 1875. p. 548. The Rhupenians entered ...
Armenian ruble
It replaced the first Transcaucasian ruble at par and was replaced by the second Transcaucasian ruble after Armenia became part ... The ruble (Armenian: ռուբլի, Russian: рубль) was the independent currency of the First Republic of Armenia and the Armenian ... Provisional checks were issued by the First Republic of Armenia in denominations of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000, 5000 ... Money portal Numismatics portal Armenian dram Linzmayer, Owen (2013). "Armenia". The Banknote Book. San Francisco, CA: www. ...
Alhagi maurorum
... is indigenous to temperate and tropical Eurasia and the Middle East, in: Afghanistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan; ...
European Aviation Safety Agency
"Armenia". EASA. Retrieved 16 October 2019. "Georgia". EASA. Retrieved 16 October 2019. "Moldova". EASA. Retrieved 16 October ... initiative in which countries such as Armenia, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine cooperate on the implementation of EU aviation ...
Politics of Armenia - Wikipedia
Source: Central Electoral Commission of the Republic of Armenia The first primary election in Armenia was held by the Armenian ... The politics of Armenia take place in the framework of the parliamentary representative democratic republic of Armenia, whereby ... Political System of Armenia. Հայաստանի հանրապետության պետական համակարգ. Coat of arms of Armenia ... Main article: National Assembly (Armenia). The unicameral National Assembly of Armenia (Azgayin Zhoghov) is the legislative ...
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Armenia-Turkey Border
Epidemic Malaria Transmission -- Armenia, 1997
... The dissolution of the Former Soviet Union (FSU) has resulted in the disruption ... This report summarizes surveillance for malaria in Armenia during 1996-1997. Cases were initially identified based on clinical ... TABLE 1. Number of locally acquired and imported cases of malaria and incidence rates (IR)*, by year -- Armenia, 1986-1997+ ... The next steps for malaria control and prevention in Armenia should focus on surveillance, clinical practice, public education ...
Turkey and Armenia - latimes
... let me say that Turkey is sensitive to human suffering in Armenia and Azerbaijan.Given the recent reports of economic ... Given the recent reports of economic hardship in Armenia and references they contain to Turkey, I would like to reiterate that ... In addition to the transit of relief supplies for Armenia through Turkey, rail lines between the two countries are open and ... Your editorial, unfortunately, fails to pinpoint the real cause of the suffering in Armenia and Azerbaijan by ignoring the ...
EPLex - Armenia - Employment contracts
AUG Armenia on Behance
AUG Armenia) provides training, networking, and support to people around the world. Whether your focus is design or development ... About AUG Armenia Adobe User Group in Armenia (AUG Armenia) provides training, networking, and support to people around the ... Adobe User Group in Armenia (AUG Armenia) provides training, networking, and support to people around the world. Whether your ... Ares Hovhannesyan - Adobe Community Professional, Adobe Education Trainer, Manager of Adobe User Group in Armenia ...
Armenia - United States Department of State
Armenia does not have a sovereign wealth fund.. 7. State-Owned Enterprises. Most of Armenias state-owned enterprises (SOEs) ... Yerevan, Armenia. +374 10 569 589. [email protected] 10. Political and Security Environment. Armenia has a history of ... Armenia is a member of the EAEU and adheres to relevant technical regulations. Armenias entry into CEPA will lead it to pursue ... SOEs in Armenia are subject to the same tax regime as their private competitors, and private enterprises in Armenia can compete ...
BBC News | Europe | Armenia in mourning
Armenias president declares three days of mourning as he begins discussions to plan the way forward following the ... Armenia in mourning Security outside the parliament is now very tight Armenian President Robert Kocharian has declared three ... Armenia became an independent republic following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and has since endured years of ... The BBCs correspondent in Armenia, James Rodgers, says the main task now for the authorities is to calm any fears of further ...
Turkey-Armenia Relations - Think Tank
Turkey-Armenia Relations 02-10-2013 The two protocols signed by the Armenian and Turkish foreign ministers in Zurich in October ... Cengiz AKTAR (Hrant Dink Foundation, Istanbul, Turkey) and Richard GIRAGOSIAN (Regional Studies Center, Yerevan, Armenia) ... respectively by a Turkish and an Armenian analyst assess the past efforts and the current state of play of Turkey-Armenia ... respectively by a Turkish and an Armenian analyst assess the past efforts and the current state of play of Turkey-Armenia ...
Yerevan travel | Armenia - Lonely Planet
Explore Yerevan holidays and discover the best time and places to visit. | Leave your preconceptions at home, because Yerevan (ԵՐԵՎԱՆ) will almost certainly confound them. This is a city of contradictions - top-of-the-line Mercedes sedans share the roads with Ladas so old they should be in museum collections; traditional pandoks (taverns) serving khoravats (barbecue meats) and oghee (fruit vodka) sit next to chic European-style wine bars; and street fashions range from hipster to babushka with many weird and wonderful variations in between. In summer, locals take to the streets every night, claiming tables at the citys many outdoor cafes, sauntering along its tree-filled boulevards and congregating at the beloved musical fountain in Republic Sq. Few traces of the citys ancient past remain, usurped by Soviet-era buildings and modern structures with little regard for history. But wander into any dalan (archway) and enter a portal into a different world - you may find a gorgeous 19th-century
Celebrating Vardavar, Armenia's Water Festival
Armenians celebrated the holiday of Vardavar on July 27, throwing water on one another in the streets of Yerevan. Observed on the 14th Sunday after Easter, the festival is associated with the biblical Transfiguration of Jesus when he appeared before his disciples on Mount Tabor. But the water festival tradition predates Christianity, and was originally a celebration of the pagan deity Astghik, the goddess of water, beauty, love, and fertility. Today, Vardavar is largely an opportunity to cool off from the summer heat. (Photos by Photolure News Agency)
Armenia travel | Colombia - Lonely Planet
Armenia feels more like a big town than a departmental capital, and is far more slow-paced than its coffee-country rivals ... Devastated by an earthquake in 1999 that flattened much of the city center, Armenia has never fully recovered. The center of ... Originally named Villa Holguín when founded in 1889, Armenia was renamed in the early 20th century in solidarity with the ... along Av Bolívar.Most travelers will pass through Armenia only long enough to change buses; however, the city has the fine ...
Armenia | Geography & History | Britannica.com
Armenia, country of Transcaucasia, lying just south of the Caucasus mountain range. To the north and east Armenia is bounded by ... More About Armenia. 27 references found in Britannica articles. Assorted References. *flag history* In flag of Armenia ... Armenia. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.. The portion of Armenia lying within the former Russian Empire declared independence on ... Modern Armenia comprises only a small portion of ancient Armenia, one of the worlds oldest centres of civilization. At its ...
WHO/Europe | Armenia
Armenia | Freedom House
At the early stage of internet development in Armenia (1995 through 1998), ISoc Armenia was the primary internet policy ... which affects access to the same content for some internet users in Armenia, since Armenia receives some of its web traffic ... Armenia has chosen a multi-sector regulatory model in which one body, the PSRC, is in charge of the regulation of energy, water ... Armenia was one of the first post-Soviet countries to privatize the telecommunication industry. Since the mid-2000s, the ...
History of the Jews in Armenia - Wikipedia
Historical Armenia[edit]. There are historical records that attest the presence of Jews in pagan Armenia, before the spread of ... in English) Jews of Armenia. *(in English) Jews in Armenia - A documentary by Vartan Akchyan (aired on public TV station KCET ... In 1828, the Russo-Persian War came to an end and Eastern Armenia (currently the Republic of Armenia) was annexed to the ... As for Western Armenia (Turkish Armenia), according to official Ottoman figures from 1914, 3,822 Jews lived in the "Six ...
BBC NEWS | Europe | Democratic test for Armenia
The polls have opened in the former Soviet republic of Armenia in a presidential election that many see as a test of how far ... Observers say Mr Kocharyans only real threat comes from Stepan Demirchyan, the son of a former Soviet leader of Armenia. "I ... Once one of the most prosperous of the former Soviet republics, Armenia has struggled with democracy and market reforms since ... the founder of the Armenia Centre for National and International Studies, told the BBC. If none of the candidates gains at ...
Armenia
February and March in Armenia saw a disputed presidential election (19/2/2008) followed by eleven days of demonstrations in the ... Far right arson against DIY bar in Yerevan, Armenia. Submitted by S2W on May 20 2012 00:24 ... War on the streets in Armenia. Submitted by little_brother on Mar 13 2008 15:07 ... by signatories of a group of left wing Azerirbaijani youths denouncing the current conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia and ...
Category:People of Armenia - Wikimedia Commons
... etnia armenia (es); örmény személyek (hu); pueblu armeniu, etnia armenia (ast); poble armeni (ca); Әрмәндәр, Әрмән халҡы (ba); ... Armenia-ngìn (hak); Bangsa Armenia (id); Ormianie (pl); Deng Armenyu (pam); Armeniërs (nl); Ermeni (diq); Эрмээннэр (sah); ... Податотеки во категоријата „People of Armenia". Прикажани се 98 од вкупно 98 податотеки во категоријата. ... Girl at Sevan Monastery - Lake Sevan - Armenia (19045160493).jpg 2.736 × 3.648; 3,39 МБ. ...
The crisis in Armenia - CSMonitor.com
Hrazdan River | river, Armenia | Britannica.com
The tributaries of the Kura-the Debed (109 miles), the Aghstev (80 miles), and others-pass through Armenias northeastern ... On an island in the Aras stood Artaxata, seat of the Artaxiad kings of Armenia from 180 bc to ad 50. Some have held that the… ... In Armenia: Drainage. …the Akhuryan (130 miles), the Hrazdan (90 miles), the Arpa (80 miles), and the Vorotan (Bargyushad; 111 ... Lake Çıldır in Turkey, the Hrazdan, draining Lake Sevan in Armenia, and the Qareh Sū, flowing off the Sabalān Mountains in ...
Armenia Vacations | Vacation Packages & Trips | Expedia
Build your own Armenia vacation package & book your Armenia trip now. ... Bundle Armenia flight + hotel & save up to 100% off your flight with Expedia. ... Armenia Vacation. Does Expedia have vacation package deals to Armenia?. Yes! Expedia can help you save with an Armenia travel ... What are the best places to visit in Armenia?. Itinerary looking a little thin? Armenia vacation all booked but no idea what to ...
Category:Culture of Armenia - Wikimedia Commons
culture of Armenia pattern of human activity and symbolism associated with Armenia and its people ... Cultura de Armenia (es); Cultura armeană (ro) pattern of human activity and symbolism associated with Armenia and its people ( ... Budaya Armenia (id); Kultura Armenii (pl); Культура Вірменії (uk); Ermənistan mədəniyyəti (az); culture of Armenia (en); ... Media in category "Culture of Armenia". The following 41 files are in this category, out of 41 total. ...
Scotland-Armenia | Futsal EURO | UEFA.com
UEFA.com is the official site of UEFA, the Union of European Football Associations, and the governing body of football in Europe. UEFA works to promote, protect and develop European football across its 55 member associations and organises some of the worlds most famous football competitions, including the UEFA Champions League, UEFA Womens Champions League, the UEFA Europa League, UEFA EURO and many more. The site features the latest European football news, goals, an extensive archive of video and stats, as well as insights into how the organisation works, including information on financial fair play, how UEFA supports grassroots football and the UEFA HatTrick funding scheme.
Armenia (Eastern Europe and Central Asia)
Armenia. Armenia. Welcome to the Armenia page! The ILO acitivities in Armenia are coordinated by the ILO Decent Work Technical ... Labour market transitions of young women and men in Armenia. This report presents the highlights of the 2012 School-to-work ... After the break up of the Soviet Union, life for many people in Armenia changed radically and new opportunities opened up for ... The ILOs pilot project in Armenia is breaking down old stereotypes about disability as well as the barriers that keep them ...
Armenia - Reform and Growth in Agriculture
Zovuni Asthma Weather - AccuWeather for Armenia
Porsche Season 2013 - Porsche Armenia
Data determined in accordance with the measurement method required by law. The figures do not refer to an individual vehicle nor do they constitute part of the offer. They are intended solely as a means of comparing different types of vehicle. Fuel consumption calculated for vehicles with standard specification only. Actual consumption and performance may vary with items of optional equipment. A vehicles fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions depend not only on its efficient use of fuel but also on driving style and other non-technical factors. You can obtain further information about individual vehicles from your Porsche Centre.. ...
YerevanArmenianNagorno-KarabakhTurkey and ArmeniaArmenians2017Ongoing conflictFormer Soviet re1993GenocideGovernment of Arme2020Armenia'sTranscaucasian DemocratRussiaCOVID-19 in Armenia2016CaucasusPrime Ministe2018AzerbaijaniSoviet UnionKingdom of ArmeEducation in Arme1999OttomanAncient ArmeniaLake Sevan1995IranCountryDonate19881991United Nations DSearchCentreTurkey'sRapprochementRepublicPresidential electionAraratCountriesAbdullah GulEthnicTurkishProtestsTravelersBilateralHumanitarianTavushArtaxiadMainBorderEarthquakes
Yerevan15
- February and March in Armenia saw a disputed presidential election (19/2/2008) followed by eleven days of demonstrations in the capital Yerevan, broken up by tanks, police attacks and the imposition of a State of Emergency (1/3/2008). (libcom.org)
- The International Organization for Migration (IOM) held its first event on Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) localisation in Armenia, on 18 November in Yerevan. (iom.int)
- Armen is an honours graduate in biochemistry from Yerevan State University but could not find any relevant employment in Armenia. (iwpr.net)
- Equally, Armenia shares a border with Iran and a pro-western government in Yerevan and the consequent shift in the balance of forces impacts regional politics. (atimes.com)
- Through its delegations in Baku and Yerevan, the ICRC supports communities living along the international border between Armenia and Azerbaijan. (icrc.org)
- Armenia and Turkey will play against each other in the Armenian capital Yerevan on Sept. 6 in a qualifying match for the 2010 FIFA World Cup. (france24.com)
- The main international schools in Armenia are the QSI International School and Dilijan International School, both of which are based in Yerevan, the capital city. (internations.org)
- Yerevan, one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities, is the capital and largest city of Armenia. (brusselsairlines.com)
- Armenia and Azerbaijan accused each other earlier on Thursday of flouting a Russian-backed ceasefire that both sides had accepted the previous day to halt deadly clashes over their joint border, which Yerevan wants demarcated. (yahoo.com)
- A patient in Yerevan, Armenia, prepares to take his tuberculosis medication. (doctorswithoutborders.org)
- During a recent two-week trip, the scientists traveled to Yerevan, Armenia, where they provided training on data collection to help develop a hydrogeologic plan and groundwater model for the Ararat Basin. (usgs.gov)
- YEREVAN, Armenia (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - When Lilit Martirosyan became the first openly transgender person to speak in the Armenian parliament earlier this month, it was hailed as a historic moment by LGBT+ campaigners, but it was also followed death threats. (reuters.com)
- The first visit in four years to capital Yerevan by a Turkish foreign minister was considered an important step towards the possible revival of a dialogue process between Turkey and Armenia. (turkishpress.com)
- Armenia's reluctance to normalize relations despite all Turkey's attempts, has stalled a resolution between Turkey and Armenia and development of their cooperation, and it is yet to be seen if Yerevan will heed Turkey's call to first resolve the long-standing Nagorno-Karabakh issue between Armenia and Azerbaijan. (turkishpress.com)
- Opposition supporters in Yerevan, Armenia, shout slogans after movement leader Nikol Pashinyan announced a nationwide campaign of civil disobedience, May 2, 2018. (thenation.com)
Armenian37
- The TSFSR dissolved in 1936 and Armenia became a constituent republic of the Soviet Union known as the Armenian SSR . (wikipedia.org)
- In addition to the transit of relief supplies for Armenia through Turkey, rail lines between the two countries are open and Armenian nationals are free to enter Turkey. (latimes.com)
- The two briefing papers drafted respectively by a Turkish and an Armenian analyst assess the past efforts and the current state of play of Turkey-Armenia relations, suggest possible future scenarios and present several specific recommendations for action. (europa.eu)
- Originally named Villa Holguín when founded in 1889, Armenia was renamed in the early 20th century in solidarity with the Armenian victims of genocide perpetuated by the Ottoman Empire. (lonelyplanet.com)
- By the mid-1990s Karabakh Armenian forces occupied much of southwestern Azerbaijan, but the conflict had caused an economic crisis in Armenia. (britannica.com)
- I think Mr Demirchyan has a very solid chance to become the first opposition contender in modern Armenian history to defeat an incumbent president," Raffi Hovannisian, the founder of the Armenia Centre for National and International Studies, told the BBC. (bbc.co.uk)
- As an American Armenian, I am deeply concerned about the situation in Armenia, which is becoming worse every day. (csmonitor.com)
- In retrospect, the Turkish decision to establish a precondition for normalization with Armenia was shortsighted because it practically gave Azerbaijan de facto veto power over Turkish-Armenian normalization. (brookings.edu)
- The Turkish side is reportedly ready to open the border, establish diplomatic relations and even provide financial support to Armenia in return for an Armenian withdrawal from two of the seven occupied regions surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh. (brookings.edu)
- Kotikian was in Armenia for the Armenian Medical International Congress, an event held every four years that draws Armenian physicians from all over the globe. (latimes.com)
- Armenian: Հայաստան, romanized: Hayastan, IPA: [hɑjɑsˈtɑn]), officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country located in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia. (wikipedia.org)
- The first Armenian state of Urartu was established in 860 BC, and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. (wikipedia.org)
- An Armenian principality and later a kingdom Cilician Armenia was located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea between the 11th and 14th centuries. (wikipedia.org)
- Between the 16th and 19th centuries, the traditional Armenian homeland composed of Eastern Armenia and Western Armenia came under the rule of the Ottoman and Persian empires, repeatedly ruled by either of the two over the centuries. (wikipedia.org)
- By the 19th century, Eastern Armenia had been conquered by the Russian Empire, while most of the western parts of the traditional Armenian homeland remained under Ottoman rule. (wikipedia.org)
- Armenia also recognises the Armenian Apostolic Church, the world's oldest National church, as the country's primary religious establishment. (wikipedia.org)
- But a deal between Armenia and Turkey could spell disappointment for Armenian Americans who want Obama to fulfill his campaign pledge to declare that the mass killing of Armenians by Ottoman Turks beginning in 1915 was a genocide. (latimes.com)
- The outbreak of violence is the worst in Nagorno-Karabakh since 1994 when Armenia and Azerbaijan ended a war over the territory that is part of Azerbaijan but has been under the control of Armenian forces. (voanews.com)
- Armenia accused Azerbaijan of sending troops across the border last week, highlighting the fragility of a Russian-brokered ceasefire that halted six weeks of fighting between ethnic Armenian and Azeri forces last year. (yahoo.com)
- Armenian 'repatritates' (ethnic Armenians, raised in the US, UK, etc., now living in Armenia) blog , opposition news A1+ (this will probably be on and off as well). (metafilter.com)
- 45.00333 Gosh (Armenian: Գոշ) is a village in the Tavush Province of Armenia. (wikipedia.org)
- This has left Armenian policymakers suspicious about any positive change in Ankara's policy towards Armenia. (worldpress.org)
- This is due to the language of instruction in Armenia is Armenian, whilst English is only taught as a second language. (internations.org)
- Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan floated the idea a day after three Armenian troops were killed in cross-border hostilities between Armenia and Azerbaijan, which for decades have been locked in a conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh The two countries accused each other of starting Wednesday's fighting, which wounded soldiers on both sides. (yahoo.com)
- Nagorno-Karabakh lies within Azerbaijan but was under the control of ethnic Armenian separatists backed by Armenia since an earlier war there ended in 1994. (yahoo.com)
- Armenia and Azerbaijan, two former Soviet republics, have long been in conflict over Azerbaijan's breakaway, mainly ethnic Armenian region of Nagorno-Karabakh. (reuters.com)
- Though a ceasefire was agreed in 1994, Azerbaijan and Armenia continue to accuse each other of shooting attacks around Nagorno-Karabakh and along the separate Azeri-Armenian frontier. (reuters.com)
- On April 24, Armenia is set to commemorate the centennial of the Armenian genocide, which saw the deportation and deaths of up to 1.5 million Armenians during World War I. (france24.com)
- Opposition MPs and other critics of the air-defense agreement say it undermines Armenian sovereignty - and point out that Russia sells arms to rival Azerbaijan as well as to Armenia. (reuters.com)
- Armenia's defence ministry said Azeri troops had opened fire on Armenian positions at the Gegharkunik section of the border early on Thursday, prompting Armenia to return fire. (yahoo.com)
- Armenia 's relationship with Turkey has been shadowed by Armenian charges that the Turks engaged in a genocide against its ethnic Armenian minority during World War I. (washingtontimes.com)
- Apart from the remnant 50,000 of the established Armenian community, at least two million people in today's Turkey draw lineage from an Armenian grandparent who was orphaned, stolen or saved-but in all cases Turkified-in the killing fields of Ottoman-occupied historic Armenia. (foreignpolicyjournal.com)
- Being one of the first countries to recognize Armenian independence on December 16, 1991, Turkey provided humanitarian assistance to Armenia which was facing economic difficulties after independence and actively supported the country's integration with regional and Euro-Atlantic organizations. (turkishpress.com)
- The Armenian government, in accordance with its relevant regulations, first sent the protocols to establish diplomatic relations between Turkey and Armenia to its Constitutional Court in order to have their constitutionality approved. (turkishpress.com)
- At the meeting with his Armenian counterpart Eduard Nalbandyan, Davutoglu underlined once again the importance of improving relations with Armenia, and stressed that problems could only be solved through dialogue. (turkishpress.com)
- Armenia's withdrawal from the Nagorno-Karabakh region and seven adjacent territories is important to Turkey, which has often suggested that a step in this direction would pave the way for the re-opening the border with Armenia, which Turkey closed in 1993 after Armenian troops occupied 20 percent of Azerbaijan's territories, including the Nagorno-Karabakh region, in 1992. (turkishpress.com)
- The Seljuq conquest of the last Armenian kingdom in the 11th century marked the beginning of an exodus of the Armenians from historical Armenia resulting in the advent of an Armenian Diaspora. (traveldocs.com)
Nagorno-Karabakh12
- The status of Nagorno-Karabakh , an enclave of 1,700 square miles (4,400 square km) in southwestern Azerbaijan populated primarily by Armenians, was from 1988 the source of bitter conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan. (britannica.com)
- Instead, what Turkey should have done was to establish diplomatic and economic relations with Armenia with the hope that such a policy of engagement would in time create positive momentum and leverage in favor of a resolution in Nagorno-Karabakh. (brookings.edu)
- RFE/RL ) - Sharing a frontier with both Armenia and Azerbaijan as they fight a bitter war over the breakaway Nagorno-Karabakh territory, Tehran is closely watching the conflict amid growing concern it could spill over the border. (juancole.com)
- Belgrade (Special to Informed Comment) - Clashes between Azerbaijan and Armenia over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh threaten to destabilize the Caucasus. (juancole.com)
- Armenia is consequently preoccupied with security concerns related to Turkey, as well as to Azerbaijan, with whom Armenia has an unresolved ethnic conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. (worldpress.org)
- Despite its historical resentment toward Turkey, which stems from the genocide of ethnic Armenians under the Ottoman Empire, and recent disagreement over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh, a conflict in which Turkey backed Azerbaijan, Armenia has tried to engage Turkey in search of regional stability. (worldpress.org)
- While a direct dialogue between the foreign ministers of Turkey and Armenia initiated earlier this year addressed problems in bilateral relations, including the settlement of the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh, it produced no tangible results. (worldpress.org)
- If during the last 11 years Turkey and Armenia had neighborly relations, the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh could have been pushed closer to settlement. (worldpress.org)
- But even as the prospect of a deepening Russia - NATO clash looms, the more immediate fear is that Moscow 's recent moves may reignite an ethnic war in the Caucasus, particularly the long-simmering dispute over the Nagorno-Karabakh region, pitting Armenia against its eastern neighbor Azerbaijan. (washingtontimes.com)
- The separatist Nagorno-Karabakh enclave inside Azerbaijan has been under the control of Armenia 's military and local ethnic Armenians since all-out war between the two former states of the former Soviet Union ended there in 1994. (washingtontimes.com)
- Existance of such a joint anti-aircraft defencesystem will constrain such actions against Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh as well. (pravda.ru)
- In particular, I thought that Turkey would as part of a rapprochement with Armenia put an end to its sixteen-year long blockade of Armenia (imposed at the time of the post-Soviet conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh). (opendemocracy.net)
Turkey and Armenia4
- WASHINGTON - Turkey and Armenia are likely to announce a deal soon aimed at easing their conflict, diplomats said Friday in a development that would sweeten President Obama's visit to Turkey next week. (latimes.com)
- Obama administration officials have said in response to questions about their plans on the genocide resolution that their focus is on helping improve relations between Turkey and Armenia. (latimes.com)
- Turkey and Armenia are at odds over the question whether ethnic Armenians killed by Ottoman Turks during World War One were victims of genocide. (france24.com)
- Turkey and Armenia Saturday agreed to open their sealed border and establish diplomatic relations after a century of animosity between the neighboring countries came to an end thanks to mediation from U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. (nbcwashington.com)
Armenians8
- Eastern Armenia was annexed by Russia during the 19th century, while western Armenia remained under Ottoman rule, and in 1894-96 and 1915 the Ottoman government perpetrated systematic massacres and forced deportations of Armenians. (britannica.com)
- The two countries have their own ongoing rift over the World War One killings of Armenians that Armenia said included 1.5 million dead in a genocide, while Turkey says the figure is inflated and was not genocide. (voanews.com)
- Armenia wants Turkey to recognise what it calls a systematic genocide of Armenians during World War One. (france24.com)
- As a new independent Republic of Armenia is established among the ruins of the Soviet Union, Armenians are rethinking their history--the processes by which they arrived at statehood in a small part of their historic homeland, and the definitions they might give to boundaries of their nation. (google.com)
- Suny shows that while the limits of Armenia at times excluded the diaspora, now, at a time of state renewal, the boundaries have been expanded to include Armenians who live beyond the borders of the republic. (google.com)
- Turkey's foreign minister has made his first official visit to Armenia in December 2013 -- the first in four years, and the country has accommodated Syrian Armenians fleeing from the civil war. (turkishpress.com)
- The Armenians trace their history to sixth century B.C. Throughout history Armenia has been a battlefield for many invaders, contending empires, and a bridge for many cultures and civilizations. (traveldocs.com)
- Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan says his country is ready to build ties with neighboring Armenia, despite disagreements over decades-old allegations of Turkish genocide against Armenians. (voanews.com)
20171
- In November 2017, Armenia signed a Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement with the European Union, which aims in part to improve Armenia's investment climate and business environment. (state.gov)
Ongoing conflict2
- This loan is provided to clients in Armenia who have been affected by the ongoing conflict occurring in some areas of the country to help them reestablish or improve their livelihoods. (kiva.org)
- It should be noted that the people of Azerbaijan, especially those in the autonomous republic of Nakhichevan, suffer from an economic blockade as a direct result of the ongoing conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia. (latimes.com)
Former Soviet re3
- Once one of the most prosperous of the former Soviet republics, Armenia has struggled with democracy and market reforms since gaining its independence in 1991. (bbc.co.uk)
- A few months ago, Armenia under its current leadership of President Serz Sarkisian joined the Eurasian Economic Union, which the United States regards as a Russian project to integrate the former Soviet republics under its leadership. (atimes.com)
- Tensions between Armenia and Azerbaijan, two former Soviet republics, are watched closely abroad for any threat to Azeri gas and oil pipelines and the risk of regional powers Turkey and Russia being dragged into any conflict. (yahoo.com)
19933
- The Republic of Armenia joined IOM as a member in 1993. (iom.int)
- Turkey closed its border with Armenia in 1993. (voanews.com)
- WFP has been present in Armenia since late 1993. (wfp.org)
Genocide3
- The issue of Armenia enters the Turkish foreign policy agenda almost exclusively in the context of Western attempts at legislating genocide resolutions. (brookings.edu)
- Armenia says 1.5 million were killed in a genocide. (telegraph.co.uk)
- Armenia says 1.5 million of its nationals were slaughtered by the Turks during the final years of the Ottoman Empire 90 years ago, characterizing this as genocide. (voanews.com)
Government of Arme2
- IOM activities in the country are grounded on a number of official documents signed with the Government of Armenia, including the Cooperation Agreement on Privileges and Immunities (1994) and Memorandum of Understanding (2001). (iom.int)
- The main humanitarian concern for the Government of Armenia is the poverty that continues to impact one third of the population. (wfp.org)
20204
- Military activity along the international border between Armenia and Azerbaijan has intensified since 12 July 2020. (icrc.org)
- The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is concerned about the humanitarian impact of reported military activity along the international border between Armenia and Azerbaijan, which has intensified since 12 July 2020. (icrc.org)
- New COVID-19 in Armenia August 06, 2020 COVID-19 risk in Armenia is high. (cdc.gov)
- The country strategic plan is in line with the priorities identified through the 2018 national strategic review and the focus on human capital development and the improvement of social protection set out in the Armenia development strategy 2014-2025, as well as the goals of the Armenia United Nations development assistance framework (2016-2020). (wfp.org)
Armenia's2
- Russia and Armenia have been jointly protecting Armenia's airspace since the mid-1990s. (reuters.com)
- ANKARA - Although Turkey has made several gestures of goodwill towards Armenia in recent years, Armenia's reluctance in re-establishing diplomatic relations has hampered attempts in making full reconciliation a possibility. (turkishpress.com)
Transcaucasian Democrat1
- Armenia became independent from the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic on 28 May 1918 as the First Republic of Armenia . (wikipedia.org)
Russia11
- Armenia is a member of the Eurasian Economic Union, a customs union that brings Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia together in an integrated single market. (state.gov)
- The portion of Armenia lying within the former Russian Empire declared independence on May 28, 1918, but in 1920 it was invaded by forces from Turkey and Soviet Russia. (britannica.com)
- Did Peace just Break out in the Caucasus or Did Russia Strong-Arm Armenia into its Orbit? (juancole.com)
- Why are Russia and Turkey intervening in the Azerbaijan-Armenia Clashes? (juancole.com)
- Armenia is the only country other than Tajikistan where Russia has a big military base. (atimes.com)
- If Armenia is brought into the western orbit, Russia gets practically shut out of South Caucasus, given the ambivalences in Moscow's equations with Baku and the unfriendly policies of the pro-western government in Tbilisi. (atimes.com)
- Russia and Armenia will establish a joint-venture for the prospecting for, production and recycling of uranium in Armenia. (rt.com)
- U.S. analysts are divided over the extent to which Armenia - which is wedged against Iran, Turkey and Russia - is actively aligning itself with the Russians or simply being bullied by Moscow as a pawn in Mr. Putin 's push to surround Turkey. (washingtontimes.com)
- Clearly, Armenia has a close and historic relationship with Russia , and now that Turkish-Russian relations are in a death spiral, it has become a front-line state in the context of that confrontation," said Ariel Cohen, a senior fellow at the Atlantic Council in Washington. (washingtontimes.com)
- The Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered to sign an agreement between Russia and Armenia. (pravda.ru)
- In many rural parts of Armenia, it is rare to see a man of working age, since so many are abroad earning money as migrant labour, mostly in Russia. (iwpr.net)
COVID-19 in Armenia1
- COVID-19 in Armenia July 26, 2021 Make sure you are fully vaccinated before traveling to Armenia. (cdc.gov)
20161
- In July 2016, amid clashes between an armed militant group and authorities, Facebook was briefly unavailable for users in Armenia across several ISPs (see Blocking and Filtering ). (freedomhouse.org)
Caucasus12
- Armenia , country of Transcaucasia , lying just south of the great mountain range of the Caucasus and fronting the northwestern extremity of Asia . (britannica.com)
- To the north and east, the Somkhet, Bazum, Pambak, Areguni, Shakhdag, and Vardenis ranges of the Lesser Caucasus lie across the northern sector of Armenia. (britannica.com)
- The polls have opened in the former Soviet republic of Armenia in a presidential election that many see as a test of how far democracy has come in this tiny Caucasus republic. (bbc.co.uk)
- While Armenia is geographically located in the South Caucasus, it is generally considered geopolitically European. (wikipedia.org)
- Of course, if a regime change such as in Georgia in 2003 were to repeat in Armenia, it has security implications for Russia's North Caucasus, which is a restive region threatened by extremist Islamist groups, some which enjoy external support. (atimes.com)
- In the south Caucasus, where Turkey is geostrategically positioned to hold the balance of power along with other interested states, Ankara's reluctance to normalize relations with Armenia, magnified by the imposition of an economic blockade, has created an imbalance that jeopardizes regional security. (worldpress.org)
- Armenia, however, considers normalized relations with Turkey as inevitable because of the important role that Turkey is apt to play in the security equation of the south Caucasus. (worldpress.org)
- The international community worries about clashes between Armenia and Azerbaijan in part because of the threat to instability in the South Caucasus, a region that serves as a corridor for pipelines taking oil and gas to world markets. (reuters.com)
- NATO called on Azerbaijan and Armenia to take all necessary measures to prevent further escalation, according to James Appathurai, the U.S.-led alliance's special representative for the Caucasus and Central Asia. (reuters.com)
- Situated in the Caucasus, for several centuries Armenia was successively ruled by the Persian, Ottoman and Russian empires, before gaining its independence in 1991. (brusselsairlines.com)
- It's also spreading to the nearby Caucasus region, where a fresh wave of Russian military overtures to Armenia threatens to reignite a frozen conflict that has pitted Moscow against Ankara for decades. (washingtontimes.com)
- Turkey, wishing to normalize its bilateral relations with Armenia in order to contribute to an atmosphere of comprehensive peace and cooperation in the South Caucasus, started to unilaterally implement certain confidence-building measures. (turkishpress.com)
Prime Ministe1
- The politics of Armenia take place in the framework of the parliamentary representative democratic republic of Armenia , whereby the President of Armenia is the head of state and the Prime Minister of Armenia the head of government , and of a multi-party system . (wikipedia.org)
20184
- Armenia experienced a dramatic change of government in April/May 2018. (state.gov)
- Parliamentary elections in December 2018 led to the exit from power of numerous parliamentarians known to have significant business holdings in Armenia and exercise outsized sway over large sections of the economy. (state.gov)
- Armenia is a developing country and ranks 81st on the Human Development Index (2018). (wikipedia.org)
- In April and May of 2018, a series of peaceful demonstrations dubbed "the velvet revolution" led to a change in political power in Armenia, with the new Government promising wide-ranging reforms. (wfp.org)
Azerbaijani1
- Tensions on the border between Armenia and Azerbaijan have been simmering since May, when Armenia protested what it described as an incursion by Azerbaijani troops into its territory. (yahoo.com)
Soviet Union5
- Armenia became an independent republic following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and has since endured years of political instability. (bbc.co.uk)
- After the break up of the Soviet Union, life for many people in Armenia changed radically and new opportunities opened up for many. (ilo.org)
- The modern Republic of Armenia became independent in 1991 during the dissolution of the Soviet Union. (wikipedia.org)
- Russian troops and warplanes are stationed on the territory of Armenia, once part of the Soviet Union. (reuters.com)
- Armenia is a landlocked country that became independent from the Soviet Union in 1991. (msf.org.au)
Kingdom of Arme2
- The Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great in the 1st century BC and became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion in the late 3rd or early 4th century AD. (wikipedia.org)
- Under the Bagratuni dynasty, the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia was restored in the 9th century. (wikipedia.org)
Education in Arme1
- WFP will support the Government to ensure inclusive and equitable education in Armenia, improved livelihoods for the vulnerable and better nutrition information and evidence, fostering equitable opportunities and equal access to resources for all people. (wfp.org)
19992
- Devastated by an earthquake in 1999 that flattened much of the city center, Armenia has never fully recovered. (lonelyplanet.com)
- David Shahnazarian, head of the opposition 21st Century Party, claimed that some data suggest rates of emigration have escalated over the past two years and only 2 million people remained in Armenia by the summer of 1999. (iwpr.net)
Ottoman1
- For several centuries, Armenia was ruled by many different empires, such as the Persian, Ottoman and Russian empire, before becoming independent in 1991. (brusselsairlines.com)
Ancient Armenia1
- Modern Armenia comprises only a small portion of ancient Armenia, one of the world's oldest centres of civilization. (britannica.com)
Lake Sevan2
- In the eastern part of Armenia, the Sevan Basin, containing Lake Sevan (525 square miles) and hemmed in by ranges soaring as high as 11,800 feet, lies at an altitude of about 6,200 feet. (britannica.com)
- Lake Çıldır in Turkey, the Hrazdan, draining Lake Sevan in Armenia, and the Qareh Sū, flowing off the Sabalān Mountains in northeastern Iranian Azerbaijan. (britannica.com)
19952
- During 1988-1995, severe financial constraints and the war with Azerbaijan contributed to cessation of vector-control activities in Armenia (which had included the use of mosquito-larvivorous fish {Gambusia affinis}, insecticide spraying, and the reduction of mosquito breeding sites). (cdc.gov)
- Research conducted by a group of independent experts in 1995 pointed to a population drop of 700,000 in Armenia. (iwpr.net)
Iran6
- To the north and east Armenia is bounded by Georgia and Azerbaijan, while its neighbours to the southeast and west are, respectively, Iran and Turkey . (britannica.com)
- At its height, Armenia extended from the south-central Black Sea coast to the Caspian Sea and from the Mediterranean Sea to Lake Urmia in present-day Iran. (britannica.com)
- the Aras River cuts this important plain into halves, the northern half lying in Armenia and the southern in Turkey and Iran. (britannica.com)
- Most of the rivers fall into the drainage area of the Aras (itself a tributary of the Kura River of the Caspian Basin), which, for 300 miles (480 kilometres), forms a natural boundary between Armenia and Turkey and Iran. (britannica.com)
- Armenia also has an extensive rail network covering 825 km (513 mi) across the country that also has links to neighboring nations, including Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, and Turkey. (internations.org)
- Field training on well inventory and collection of water-level data at a non-flowing well near Yeghegnavan, Armenia, near the Armenia/Turkey/Iran border. (usgs.gov)
Country16
- Over the past several years, Armenia has received respectable rankings in international indices that review country business environments and investment climates. (state.gov)
- Armenia feels more like a big town than a departmental capital, and is far more slow-paced than its coffee-country rivals Manizales and Pereira. (lonelyplanet.com)
- Armenia is a mountainous country characterized by a great variety of scenery and geologic instability. (britannica.com)
- The ILO acitivities in Armenia are coordinated by the ILO Decent Work Technical Support Team and Country Office for Eastern Europe and Central Asia. (ilo.org)
- Since Armenia aligns itself in many respects geopolitically with Europe, the country is a member of numerous European organizations including the Council of Europe, the Eastern Partnership, Eurocontrol, the Assembly of European Regions, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. (wikipedia.org)
- In London, Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan on Friday acknowledged that his country is headed toward better relations with Armenia. (latimes.com)
- A plane headed from Armenia to Syria was grounded Monday at an airport in Turkey, less than a week after the country intercepted another Syria-bound plane. (latimes.com)
- But will the "political earthquake" shake up long-standing Turkish policies toward Armenia, the only neighboring country with which Turkey has no official relations? (worldpress.org)
- Therefore, expatriates living in Armenia are advised to take out comprehensive medical insurance, and leave the country for major operations wherever possible. (internations.org)
- Expatriates living in Armenia will be able to drive using the driving license from their home country, provided that they also have an international driving permit. (internations.org)
- Although Armenia has a free public school system that the children of expatriates will be able to attend without charge, many expatriates and foreigners living in Armenia instead send their children to an international school, or to school in their home country. (internations.org)
- Moving to Armenia is a multifaceted experience: the country boasts of some unspoiled rural areas as well as cosmopolitan cities with modern services and infrastructures, always offering a welcoming and easy-going atmosphere. (internations.org)
- Given Russian President Vladimir Putin 's anger over the downing of a Russian fighter jet by Turkish forces in November, Moscow has spent the past several months beefing up its military footprint in Armenia , a country of roughly 3 million people that shares a 165-mile border and a land-mine-filled history with Turkey . (washingtontimes.com)
- Travel to Armenia with Qatar Airways and discover a country with a deep and eventful history that has left it with a plethora of cultural influences. (qatarairways.com)
- South Dakota-based scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey are helping to restore a depleted aquifer and build in-country expertise for managing groundwater in the Ararat Basin of Armenia. (usgs.gov)
- Armenia decriminalized same-sex relations in 2003, but the ex-Soviet republic is the second-worst country for LGBT+ rights in Europe, according to a ranking by campaign group ILGA Europe. (reuters.com)
Donate1
- Please donate to support our work in Armenia and other countries around the world now. (doctorswithoutborders.org)
19882
- Two earthquakes hit Armenia on this day in 1988, killing 60,000 people and destroying nearly half a million buildings. (history.com)
- We first worked in Armenia in 1988 to respond to medical needs following the Spitak earthquake. (doctorswithoutborders.org)
19913
- The population of Armenia voted overwhelmingly for independence in a September 1991 referendum, followed by a presidential election in October 1991 that gave 83% of the vote to Levon Ter-Petrosyan . (wikipedia.org)
- Armenia declared sovereignty on August 23, 1990, and independence on September 23, 1991. (britannica.com)
- Armenia supports the de facto independent Artsakh, which was proclaimed in 1991. (wikipedia.org)
United Nations D2
- The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) report on Armenia, published in 1998, put the population at 3.1 million. (iwpr.net)
- http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/14/hdr2013_en_complete.pdf , United Nations Development Programme, 2013. (nationmaster.com)
Search1
- SEF's mission is to extend business development and financial services to emerging entrepreneurs in search of productive opportunities to support their families and communities and to build bright futures for children in Armenia. (kiva.org)
Centre1
- Armenia will also join the International Uranium Enrichment Centre project in Angarsk. (rt.com)
Turkey's3
- As the last example of Turkey's cooperation with other countries in providing assistance to Armenia, the Turkish government has allowed France to send 300 tons of food to Armenia by rail through Turkey. (latimes.com)
- The U.S. Department of State, in its March 12 statement, recognized Turkey's approach to the situation in the Transcaucasus by expressing the U.S. Administration's appreciation for Turkey's role in providing humanitarian assistance to Armenia and its active endeavors for a political solution to the Karabakh conflict. (latimes.com)
- Armenia fought Turkey's ally Azerbaijan in a war in the 1990s. (france24.com)
Rapprochement1
- Therefore, this most recent Turkish attempt at rapprochement with Armenia is also likely to fail in the absence of a unilateral Turkish gesture such as the opening of the border without preconditions. (brookings.edu)
Republic5
- Thank you for your recent coverage of the crisis in the Republic of Armenia. (csmonitor.com)
- This report presents the highlights of the 2012 School-to-work Transition Survey (SWTS) run together with the National Statistical Service of the Republic of Armenia (NSSRA) within the framework of the ILO Work4Youth Project. (ilo.org)
- In 1918, following the Russian Revolution, all non-Russian countries declared their independence after the Russian Empire ceased to exist, leading to the establishment of the First Republic of Armenia. (wikipedia.org)
- The results of the 2011 Population Census of the Republic of Armenia" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
- By deciision of the Government of the Republic of Armenia on December 11, 2014, effective January 1st, 2015, visa free regime has been established for the citizens of the United States. (traveldocs.com)
Presidential election1
- On February 19, Armenia hosted a presidential election. (metafilter.com)
Ararat2
- Mt. Ararat is in background.The growth of aquaculture to raise trout, sturgeon and other cold-water fish has increased withdrawals of critical groundwater in the Ararat Basin of Armenia. (usgs.gov)
- Mark Anderson, Director of the USGS South Dakota Water Science Center, demonstrates how to collect a stable isotope sample from a flowing well near Sis, Armenia.The growth of aquaculture to raise trout, sturgeon and other cold-water fish has increased withdrawals of critical groundwater in the Ararat Basin of Armenia. (usgs.gov)
Countries6
- Talks between the two countries intensified last fall after President Abdullah Gul became the first Turkish leader to visit Armenia. (latimes.com)
- The Armenia-Russian air-defense agreement was signed by the two countries in December 2015. (reuters.com)
- Ten years later, Armenia was one of the first countries to use delamanid, a drug that promised to be less toxic and more effective. (doctorswithoutborders.org)
- Learn how you can best help in Armenia and other countries. (doctorswithoutborders.org)
- A process that began with 'football diplomacy' between Armenia and Turkey has developed into the real thing, as the countries' foreign ministers signed two protocols on their future relationship at a ceremony in Switzerland on 10 October 2009. (opendemocracy.net)
- Armenia was one of the first countries in the world to authorise the use of two new TB drugs, bedaquiline and delamanid , which promise to be less toxic and more effective. (msf.org.au)
Abdullah Gul2
- Turkish President Abdullah Gul is preparing a groundbreaking visit to Armenia to watch a football game with his counterpart Serzh Sarksyan on Saturday. (france24.com)
- ANKARA, Sept 3 (Reuters) - Turkish President Abdullah Gul will visit Armenia at the weekend for a soccer match, the president's office said on Wednesday, in a major diplomatic step for the two states which have no diplomatic ties. (france24.com)
Ethnic1
- To date, Ankara has rejected such overtures, preferring to place its ethnic affinities with the Azerbaijanis above the potential economic and security interests Turkey could reap from a closer relationship with Armenia. (worldpress.org)
Turkish3
- Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's office quoted him Sunday saying he will support ally Azerbaijan 'to the end' in its dispute with Armenia. (voanews.com)
- On the other, the AKP may face resistance if it attempts to change Turkish policies on delicate issues, including relations with neighboring Armenia. (worldpress.org)
- A so-called "psychological threshold" was crossed in the words of Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu, when he visited Armenia on December 12 to attend a meeting of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). (turkishpress.com)
Protests2
- Hovsepyan, whose Pink Armenia took part in the revolution, said that while LGBT+ people were present at previous protests, this time they were more visible. (reuters.com)
- True, for the past decade or so there have been mounting but politically limited protests in Armenia around issues regarding women, the environment, unemployment, and related areas. (thenation.com)
Travelers5
- CDC recommends travelers avoid all nonessential international travel to Armenia. (cdc.gov)
- Prepare travelers to Armenia with recommendations for vaccines and medications. (cdc.gov)
- Unvaccinated travelers should avoid nonessential travel to Armenia. (cdc.gov)
- Recommended for unvaccinated travelers one year old or older going to Armenia. (cdc.gov)
- Recommended for unvaccinated travelers of all ages to Armenia. (cdc.gov)
Bilateral2
Humanitarian1
- Given the recent reports of economic hardship in Armenia and references they contain to Turkey, I would like to reiterate that Turkey has always authorized the use of its land and airspace for the shipment of humanitarian aid to Armenia. (latimes.com)
Tavush1
- But the latest clashes occurred around the Tavush region in northeast Armenia, some 300 km (190 miles) from the enclave. (reuters.com)
Artaxiad1
- On an island in the Aras stood Artaxata, seat of the Artaxiad kings of Armenia from 180 bc to ad 50. (britannica.com)
Main2
- It must be noted that when the fighting stops and the occupation forces in Azerbaijan withdraw and a peaceful solution to the Karabakh issue is found, the main cause of suffering in Armenia and Azerbaijan will end. (latimes.com)
- The BBC's correspondent in Armenia, James Rodgers, says the main task now for the authorities is to calm any fears of further violence and instability. (bbc.co.uk)
Border4
- Turkey needs to open the border first and expect its diplomatic and economic engagement policy with Armenia to pay off in the long run. (brookings.edu)
- To assist the State of Armenia in achieving border management practices that strike the right balance between control and facilitation and are consistent with best international standards. (iom.int)
- The Russian Defense Ministry said Saturday that Moscow has deployed several fighter jets and a transport helicopter to Russia's airbase in Armenia near the border with Turkey. (globalsecurity.org)
- A border dispute has since flared up, with Armenia and Azerbaijan accusing each other of incursions into each others' territory, highlighting the fragility of the ceasefire. (yahoo.com)
Earthquakes1
- Armenia is subject to damaging earthquakes . (britannica.com)