Arenaviruses, New World
Arenaviruses, Old World
Arenavirus
Lassa virus
Arenaviridae
A family of RNA viruses naturally infecting rodents and consisting of one genus (ARENAVIRUS) with two groups: Old World Arenaviruses (ARENAVIRUSES, OLD WORLD) and New World Arenaviruses (ARENAVIRUSES, NEW WORLD). Infection in rodents is persistent and silent. Vertical transmission is through milk-, saliva-, or urine-borne routes. Horizontal transmission to humans, monkeys, and other animals is important.
Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral
A group of viral diseases of diverse etiology but having many similar clinical characteristics; increased capillary permeability, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia are common to all. Hemorrhagic fevers are characterized by sudden onset, fever, headache, generalized myalgia, backache, conjunctivitis, and severe prostration, followed by various hemorrhagic symptoms. Hemorrhagic fever with kidney involvement is HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME.
Platyrrhini
Junin virus
Hemorrhagic Fever, American
Cebidae
A family of New World monkeys in the infraorder PLATYRRHINI, consisting of nine subfamilies: ALOUATTINAE; AOTINAE; Atelinae; Callicebinae; CALLIMICONINAE; CALLITRICHINAE; CEBINAE; Pithecinae; and SAIMIRINAE. They inhabit the forests of South and Central America, comprising the largest family of South American monkeys.
Pichinde virus
Virus Physiological Processes
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
The type species of ARENAVIRUS, part of the Old World Arenaviruses (ARENAVIRUSES, OLD WORLD), producing a silent infection in house and laboratory mice. In humans, infection with LCMV can be inapparent, or can present with an influenza-like illness, a benign aseptic meningitis, or a severe meningoencephalomyelitis. The virus can also infect monkeys, dogs, field mice, guinea pigs, and hamsters, the latter an epidemiologically important host.
Cercopithecidae
Dystroglycans
Transferrins
Callithrix
Filoviridae
Americas
Saguinus
Saimiri
Virus Internalization
Aotidae
Boidae
A family of snakes comprising the boas, anacondas, and pythons. They occupy a variety of habitats through the tropics and subtropics and are arboreal, aquatic or fossorial (burrowing). Some are oviparous, others ovoviviparous. Contrary to popular opinion, they do not crush the bones of their victims: their coils exert enough pressure to stop a prey's breathing, thus suffocating it. There are five subfamilies: Boinae, Bolyerinae, Erycinae, Pythoninae, and Tropidophiinae. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, p315-320)
Receptors, Virus
Cebus
A genus of the family CEBIDAE, subfamily CEBINAE, consisting of four species which are divided into two groups, the tufted and untufted. C. apella has tufts of hair over the eyes and sides of the head. The remaining species are without tufts - C. capucinus, C. nigrivultatus, and C. albifrons. Cebus inhabits the forests of Central and South America.
Vero Cells
Cercopithecus aethiops
Rodent Diseases
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Receptors, Transferrin
Alouatta
Evolution, Molecular
Virus Attachment
Peromyscus
Nucleocapsid Proteins
Aotus trivirgatus
Inclusion Bodies, Viral
An area showing altered staining behavior in the nucleus or cytoplasm of a virus-infected cell. Some inclusion bodies represent "virus factories" in which viral nucleic acid or protein is being synthesized; others are merely artifacts of fixation and staining. One example, Negri bodies, are found in the cytoplasm or processes of nerve cells in animals that have died from rabies.
Species Specificity
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
Atelinae
Glycoproteins
Electron Microscope Tomography
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Proprotein Convertases
Strepsirhini
Cricetinae
World Health Organization
Viral Vaccines
Virus Release
Amino Acid Sequence
Antiviral Agents
Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.
Sequence Alignment
The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.
Base Sequence
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Callitrichinae
Pitheciidae
Viral Envelope Proteins
Layers of protein which surround the capsid in animal viruses with tubular nucleocapsids. The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. The outer layer consists of one or more types of morphological subunits called peplomers which project from the viral envelope; this layer always consists of glycoproteins.
Biological Evolution
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis
A form of meningitis caused by LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS. MICE and other rodents serve as the natural hosts, and infection in humans usually occurs through inhalation or ingestion of infectious particles. Clinical manifestations include an influenza-like syndrome followed by stiff neck, alterations of mentation, ATAXIA, and incontinence. Maternal infections may result in fetal malformations and injury, including neonatal HYDROCEPHALUS, aqueductal stenosis, CHORIORETINITIS, and MICROCEPHALY. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)
Indians, South American
Monkey Diseases
Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous
A disease characterized by the chronic, progressive spread of lesions from New World cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by species of the L. braziliensis complex to the nasal, pharyngeal, and buccal mucosa some time after the appearance of the initial cutaneous lesion. Nasal obstruction and epistaxis are frequent presenting symptoms.
Hominidae
Leishmania
A genus of flagellate protozoa comprising several species that are pathogenic for humans. Organisms of this genus have an amastigote and a promastigote stage in their life cycles. As a result of enzymatic studies this single genus has been divided into two subgenera: Leishmania leishmania and Leishmania viannia. Species within the Leishmania leishmania subgenus include: L. aethiopica, L. arabica, L. donovani, L. enrietti, L. gerbilli, L. hertigi, L. infantum, L. major, L. mexicana, and L. tropica. The following species are those that compose the Leishmania viannia subgenus: L. braziliensis, L. guyanensis, L. lainsoni, L. naiffi, and L. shawi.
Virus Replication
Siberia
Hantavirus
Geography
Asia
The largest of the continents. It was known to the Romans more specifically as what we know today as Asia Minor. The name comes from at least two possible sources: from the Assyrian asu (to rise) or from the Sanskrit usa (dawn), both with reference to its being the land of the rising sun, i.e., eastern as opposed to Europe, to the west. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p82 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p34)
Virion
Cross Reactions
Dryopteridaceae
Haplorhini
DNA, Mitochondrial
Cryoelectron Microscopy
Iridaceae
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous
An endemic disease that is characterized by the development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L. tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes.
Simian foamy virus
Lemur
Phylogeography
World War II
Indians, Central American
Antigens, CD
Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.
Experimental infection of the cane mouse Zygodontomys brevicauda (family Muridae) with guanarito virus (Arenaviridae), the etiologic agent of Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever. (1/127)
Chronic infections in specific rodents appear to be crucial to the long-term persistence of arenaviruses in nature. The cane mouse, Zygodontomys brevicauda, is a natural host of Guanarito virus (family Arenaviridae), the etiologic agent of Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the natural history of Guanarito virus infection in Z. brevicauda. Thirty-nine laboratory-reared cane mice each were inoculated subcutaneously with 3.0 log10 plaque-forming units of the Guanarito virus prototype strain INH-95551. No lethality was associated with infection in any animal, regardless of age at inoculation. The 13 newborn, 14 weanling, and 8 of the 12 adult animals developed chronic viremic infections characterized by persistent shedding of infectious virus in oropharyngeal secretions and urine. These findings indicate that Guanarito virus infection in Z. brevicauda can be chronic and thus support the concept that this rodent species is the natural reservoir of Guanarito virus. (+info)Guanarito virus (Arenaviridae) isolates from endemic and outlying localities in Venezuela: sequence comparisons among and within strains isolated from Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever patients and rodents. (2/127)
Despite intensive surveillance, Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever (VHF), caused by Guanarito (GTO) virus, has been detected in only a small region of western Venezuela. To determine whether VHF is associated with a particular regional GTO virus strain(s), 29 isolates from rodents and humans throughout the surrounding regions were analyzed by partial sequencing of the nucleocapsid protein gene. Phylogenetic trees delineated nine distinct GTO genotypes that differ by 4-17% in nucleotides and up to 9% in amino acid sequences; most appeared to be restricted to discrete geographic regions, although a few genotypes were isolated in several locations. Each genotype included at least one strain recovered from a rodent, but only two genotypes were isolated from VHF cases. The presence outside of the endemic/epidemic region of two genotypes isolated also from VHF cases suggests that human pathogenic viruses occur outside of the endemic zone, but do not frequently infect people and/or cause apparent disease there. VHF does not appear to be associated with a GTO virus genotype that is restricted to a certain rodent species. When quasispecies diversity was examined, rodent isolates had higher sequence variation than human isolates. One rodent isolate included a mixture of two phylogenetically distinct genotypes, suggesting a dual infection. (+info)Homologous and heterologous glycoproteins induce protection against Junin virus challenge in guinea pigs. (3/127)
Tacaribe virus (TACV) is an arenavirus that is genetically and antigenically closely related to Junin virus (JUNV), the aetiological agent of Argentine haemorrhagic fever (AHF). It is well established that TACV protects experimental animals fully against an otherwise lethal challenge with JUNV. To gain information on the nature of the antigens involved in cross-protection, recombinant vaccinia viruses were constructed that express the glycoprotein precursor (VV-GTac) or the nucleocapsid protein (VV-N) of TACV. TACV proteins expressed by vaccinia virus were indistinguishable from authentic virus proteins by gel electrophoresis. Guinea pigs inoculated with VV-GTac or VV-N elicited antibodies that immunoprecipitated authentic TACV proteins. Antibodies generated by VV-GTac neutralized TACV infectivity. Levels of antibodies after priming and boosting with recombinant vaccinia virus were comparable to those elicited in TACV infection. To evaluate the ability of recombinant vaccinia virus to protect against experimental AHF, guinea pigs were challenged with lethal doses of JUNV. Fifty per cent of the animals immunized with VV-GTac survived, whereas all animals inoculated with VV-N or vaccinia virus died. Having established that the heterologous glycoprotein protects against JUNV challenge, a recombinant vaccinia virus was constructed that expresses JUNV glycoprotein precursor (VV-GJun). The size and reactivity to monoclonal antibodies of the vaccinia virus-expressed and authentic JUNV glycoproteins were indistinguishable. Seventy-two per cent of the animals inoculated with two doses of VV-GJun survived lethal JUNV challenge. Protection with either VV-GJun or VV-GTac occurred in the presence of low or undetectable levels of neutralizing antibodies to JUNV. (+info)The Whitewater Arroyo virus: natural evidence for genetic recombination among Tacaribe serocomplex viruses (family Arenaviridae). (4/127)
The Tacaribe serocomplex (family Arenaviridae) comprises three phylogenetic lineages, designated A, B, and C. The sequence of a 3278-nt fragment of the small genomic segment of the Whitewater Arroyo (WWA) virus was determined to extend our knowledge on the phylogenetic relationship of this newly discovered North American Tacaribe complex virus to other arenaviruses. Independent analyses of full-length nucleoprotein (N) and glycoprotein precursor (GPC) amino acid sequences indicated that the WWA virus N and GPC genes are descended from a lineage A virus and lineage B virus, respectively. The different phylogenetic histories of the N and GPC genes indicate that the WWA virus genome is a product of recombination between two Tacaribe complex viruses. (+info)Pirital virus (Arenaviridae) infection in the syrian golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus: a new animal model for arenaviral hemorrhagic fever. (5/127)
Adult Syrian golden hamsters inoculated intraperitoneally with Pirital virus, a recently discovered member of the Tacaribe complex of New World arenaviruses, developed a progressively severe, fatal illness with many of the pathologic features observed in fatal human cases of Lassa fever and other arenaviral hemorrhagic fevers. Most of the animals became moribund by Day 5 and were dead by Day 7 after inoculation. The most consistent histopathologic changes included interstitial pneumonitis, splenic lymphoid depletion and necrosis, and multifocal hepatic necrosis without significant inflammatory cell infiltration. The liver changes ranged from single cell death by apoptosis to coagulative necrosis of clusters of hepatocytes. Immunohistochemical studies of the liver demonstrated the presence and accumulation ot Pirital virus antigen within hepatocytes as well as Kupffer cells. An in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay showed progressively increasing apoptotic activity in the liver of infected hamsters. A human hepatoblastoma cell line (Hep G2/C3A) inoculated with Pirital virus also developed progressive cell destruction and accumulation of viral antigen, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence. Results of this pilot study suggest that the Pirital virus-hamster model is a very promising new small animal model for studying the pathogenesis of arenavirus infections, particularly, the mechanism of direct virus-induced hepatic injury. It may also be useful for testingantiviral agents for treatment of arenaviral hemorrhagic fevers. (+info)Protection against simian immunodeficiency virus vaginal challenge by using Sabin poliovirus vectors. (6/127)
Here we provide the first report of protection against a vaginal challenge with a highly virulent simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) by using a vaccine vector. New poliovirus vectors based on Sabin 1 and 2 vaccine strain viruses were constructed, and these vectors were used to generate a series of new viruses containing SIV gag, pol, env, nef, and tat in overlapping fragments. Two cocktails of 20 transgenic polioviruses (SabRV1-SIV and SabRV2-SIV) were inoculated into seven cynomolgus macaques. All monkeys produced substantial anti-SIV serum and mucosal antibody responses. SIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses were detected in three of seven monkeys after vaccination. All 7 vaccinated macaques, as well as 12 control macaques, were challenged vaginally with pathogenic SIVmac251. Strikingly, four of the seven vaccinated animals exhibited substantial protection against the vaginal SIV challenge. All 12 control monkeys became SIV positive. In two of the seven SabRV-SIV-vaccinated monkeys we found no virological evidence of infection following challenge, indicating that these two monkeys were completely protected. Two additional SabRV-SIV-vaccinated monkeys exhibited a pronounced reduction in postacute viremia to <10(3) copies/ml, suggesting that the vaccine elicited an effective cellular immune response. Three of six control animals developed clinical AIDS by 48 weeks postchallenge. In contrast, all seven vaccinated monkeys remained healthy as judged by all clinical parameters. These results demonstrate the efficacy of SabRV as a potential human vaccine vector, and they show that the use of a vaccine vector cocktail expressing an array of defined antigenic sequences can be an effective vaccination strategy in an outbred population. (+info)Transcription and RNA replication of tacaribe virus genome and antigenome analogs require N and L proteins: Z protein is an inhibitor of these processes. (7/127)
Tacaribe virus (TV), the prototype of the New World group of arenaviruses, comprises a single phylogenetic lineage together with four South American pathogenic producers of hemorrhagic disease. The TV genome consists of two single-stranded RNA segments called S and L. A reconstituted transcription-replication system based on plasmid-supplied TV-like RNAs and TV proteins was established. Plasmid expression was driven by T7 RNA polymerase supplied by a recombinant vaccinia virus. Plasmids were constructed to produce TV S segment analogs containing the negative-sense copy of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) flanked at the 5' and 3' termini by sequences corresponding to those of the 5' and 3' noncoding regions of the S genome (minigenome) or the S antigenome (miniantigenome). In cells expressing N and L proteins, input minigenome or miniantigenome produced, respectively, encapsidated miniantigenome or minigenome which in turn produced progeny minigenome or progeny miniantigenome. Both minigenome and miniantigenome in the presence of N and L mediated transcription, which was analyzed as CAT expression. Coexpression of the small RING finger Z (p11) protein was highly inhibitory to both transcription and replication mediated by the minigenome or the miniantigenome. The effect depended on synthesis of Z protein rather than on plasmid or the RNA and was not ascribed to decreased amounts of plasmid-supplied template or proteins (N or L). N and L proteins were sufficient to support full-cycle RNA replication of a plasmid-supplied S genome analog in which CAT replaced the N gene. Replication of this RNA was also inhibited by Z expression. (+info)New World arenavirus clade C, but not clade A and B viruses, utilizes alpha-dystroglycan as its major receptor. (8/127)
Alpha-dystroglycan (alpha-DG) has been identified as a major receptor for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and Lassa virus, two Old World arenaviruses. The situation with New World arenaviruses is less clear: previous studies demonstrated that Oliveros virus also exhibited high-affinity binding to alpha-DG but that Guanarito virus did not. To extend these initial studies, several additional Old and New World arenaviruses were screened for entry into mouse embryonic stem cells possessing or lacking alpha-DG. In addition, representative viruses were further analyzed for direct binding to alpha-DG by means of a virus overlay protein blot assay technique. These studies indicate that Old World arenaviruses use alpha-DG as a major receptor, whereas, of the New World arenaviruses, only clade C viruses (i.e., Oliveros and Latino viruses) use alpha-DG as a major receptor. New World clade A and B arenaviruses, which include the highly pathogenic Machupo, Guanarito, Junin, and Sabia viruses, appear to use a different receptor or coreceptor for binding. Previous studies with LCMV have suggested the need for a small aliphatic amino acid at LCMV GP1 glycoprotein amino acid position 260 to allow high-affinity binding to alpha-DG. As reported herein, this requirement appears to be broadly applicable to the arenaviruses as determined by more extensive analysis of alpha-DG receptor usage and GP1 sequences of Old and New World arenaviruses. In addition, GP1 amino acid position 259 also appears to be important, since all arenaviruses showing high-affinity alpha-DG binding possess a bulky aromatic amino acid (tyrosine or phenylalanine) at this position. (+info)
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Flexal mammarenavirus
It is a member of Clade A of the Tacaribe (or "New World") serocomplex of the family Arenaviridae. Laboratory workers infected ... Zuckerman 2014, p. 10 "Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Caused by Arenaviruses" (PDF). The Center for Food Security and Public Health. ... Zuckerman, Ben (2014). Howard, C R (ed.). Arenaviruses. Elsevier. p. 7. ISBN 9780080877372. ... an arenavirus with a mammalian host. It was first found in semiaquatic rodents of the genus Oryzomys in tropical forest in the ...
Bear Canyon mammarenavirus
... all three being New World arenaviruses. The virus is named after Bear Canyon, the area it was originally discovered in. Cajimat ... An Arenavirus Naturally Associated with the California Mouse (Peromyscus californicus)". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 8 (7): ... "Principal host relationships and evolutionary history of the North American arenaviruses". Virology. 367 (2): 235-243. doi: ...
Jean-Paul Gonzalez
"Phylogeny and evolution of old world arenaviruses". Virology. 350 (2): 251-7. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2006.01.026. PMID 16494913. ... Gonzalez JP, Sanchez A, Rico-Hesse R (July 1995). "Molecular phylogeny of Guanarito virus, an emerging arenavirus affecting ... "One Health Initiative - One World One Medicine One Health". www.onehealthinitiative.com. Retrieved 2018-06-29. Ezama A, ... Arenavirus, Hantavirus, Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic virus and others. In the late 90s he began working as a professor of ...
Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever
... the Old World arenaviruses, and the New World arenaviruses. Old World arenaviruses include lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus ... New world arena viruses are further broken down into three clades, A, B, and C. The Guanarito arena virus belongs to clade B ... February 2008). "Receptor determinants of zoonotic transmission of New World hemorrhagic fever arenaviruses". Proc. Natl. Acad ... Arenaviruses causing hemorrhagic fevers, along with a genus of virus called filoviruses, were categorized in Category A; these ...
Lassa mammarenavirus
Alpha-dystroglycan is also used as a receptor by viruses of the New World clade C arenaviruses (Oliveros and Latino viruses). ... The life cycle of Lassa mammarenavirus is similar to the Old World arenaviruses. Lassa mammarenavirus enters the cell by the ... It shares this receptor with the prototypic Old World arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Receptor recognition ... the New World arenaviruses of clades A and B, which include the important viruses Machupo, Guanarito, Junin, and Sabia in ...
Bat virome
Picornaviruses have been identified from a diverse array of bat species around the world. Arenaviruses are mainly associated ... The first arenavirus identified in bats was Tacaribe mammarenavirus, which was isolated from Jamaican fruit bats and the great ... The hepadnovirus found in the tent-making bat, which is a New World species, was the closest relative of human hepadnoviruses. ... "Ebola virus disease". World Health Organization. 10 February 2020. Retrieved 13 April 2020. "What is Ebola Virus Disease?". ...
Whitewater Arroyo mammarenavirus
"Fatal Illnesses Associated With a New World Arenavirus --- California, 1999--2000". MMWR Weekly. Fulhorst, Charles; Charrel, ... Arenavirus-specific RNA was detected in each patient using RT-PCR. The nucleotide sequence of the patients were essentially ... Like other arenaviruses, WWAV appears to be transmitted through rodents. Therefore, direct contact with rodents, their feces, ... in the family Arenaviridae change the name of genus Arenavirus to Mammarenavirus and convert the names of its constituent ...
Lassa virus
The life cycle of Lassa virus is similar to the Old World arenaviruses. Lassa virus enters the cell by the receptor-mediated ... It shares this receptor with the prototypic Old World arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Receptor recognition ... the New World arenaviruses of clades A and B, which include the important viruses Machupo, Guanarito, Junin, and Sabia in ... a b Donaldson, Ross I. (2009). The Lassa Ward:One Man's Fight Against One of the World's Deadliest Diseases. St. Martin's Press ...
Cocoliztli epidemics
They suggested that scholars consider "New World arenaviruses" and the role these pathogens may have played in colonial disease ... animals imported from the Old World were potentially disease vectors for illnesses of New and Old World origins.[citation ... However, the symptoms of cocoliztli were still not identical to the typhus, or spotted fever, observed in the Old World at that ... Given that many of the Old World pathogens being considered as responsible for the cocoliztli outbreak, it is significant that ...
Lassa fever
Specifically it is an old world arenavirus, which is enveloped, single-stranded, and bi-segmented RNA. This virus has both a ... World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2015. Dongo, A. E.; Kesieme, E. B.; ... "Lassa fever". World Health Organization. Retrieved 11 September 2017. McCormick, J. B.; King, I. J.; Webb, P. A.; Scribner, C. ... "Lassa Fever - Nigeria". World Health Organization. 1 March 2018. Edward-Ekpu, Uwagbale. "Nigeria is already dealing with a ...
Lujo mammarenavirus
Sequencing of the viral genome has shown that this virus belongs to the Old World arenavirus group. Comparisons with other ... viral genome sequences showed that this virus is equidistant from other Old World and New World arenaviruses. It is distantly ... identified the etiological agent of the outbreak as an Old World arenavirus using molecular and serological tests. Sequencing ... "Discovery of new arenavirus associated with hemorrhagic fever - first identified in nearly four decades". News-Medical.net. ...
HAVCR1
As receptors for phosphatidylserine, TIM proteins bind many families of viruses [filovirus, flavivirus, New World arenavirus ...
List of MeSH codes (B04)
... arenavirus MeSH B04.820.057.070.100 - arenaviruses, old world MeSH B04.820.057.070.100.500 - lassa virus MeSH B04.820.057.070. ... arenavirus MeSH B04.909.777.080.070.100 - arenaviruses, old world MeSH B04.909.777.080.070.100.500 - lassa virus MeSH B04.909. ... 100.550 - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus MeSH B04.820.057.070.800 - arenaviruses, new world MeSH B04.820.057.070.800.450 - ... 777.080.070.100.550 - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus MeSH B04.909.777.080.070.800 - arenaviruses, new world MeSH B04.909. ...
Oyewale Tomori
... fever on the developing world Monoclonal antibodies to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus react with pathogenic arenaviruses ... Johnson, K. M.; Taylor, P.; Tomori, O.; Elliott, L. H. (1981-11-01). "Recovery of a Lassa-Related Arenavirus in Zimbabwe". The ... He served as the Regional Virologist for the World Health Organization Africa Region (1994-2004) before he was appointed as the ... CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "What can Nigeria's Ebola experience teach the world?". The Guardian. October 7, 2014. ...
Maiztegui National Human Viral Disease Institute
The Maiztegui National Human Viral Disease Institute has performed research for the World Health Organization since 1985 and ... currently specializes in four areas: Arenaviruses Arboviruses Hantavirus Production of biological specimens ANLIS (in Spanish) ...
Notifiable diseases in the United States
Guanarito virus New World arenavirus - Junin virus New World arenavirus - Machupo virus New World arenavirus - Sabia virus ... hemorrhagic fever Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus Ebola virus Lassa virus Lujo virus Marburg virus New World arenavirus ...
Viral hemorrhagic fever
"Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers". World Health Organization (WHO). United Nations (UN). "Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (VHFs) Virus ... Prophylactic (preventive) ribavirin may be effective for some bunyavirus and arenavirus infections (available only as an ... 2004). Return of the Black Death: The World's Greatest Serial Killer West Sussex; John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 0-470-09000-6. ... and HFRS due to Old World Hantavirus infection) and can be used only under an experimental protocol as IND approved by the U.S ...
Arenavirus
The New World and Old World species diverged less than 45,000 years ago. The New World species evolved between 41,400 and 3,300 ... virus is the only arenavirus to exist in both areas but is classified as an Old World virus. Old and New World area viruses ... termini of the virion RNA species of New World and Old World arenaviruses". Virology. 121 (1): 200-3. doi:10.1016/0042-6822(82) ... The Old World species evolved between 23,100 and 1,880 years ago, most likely in southern Africa. Some arenaviruses are ...
Elina Zúñiga
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are productively infected and activated through TLR-7 early after arenavirus infection. Cell Host ... featuring the top immunologists from around the world. In order to make the talks available longitudinally, the recorded talks ... DDX3 suppresses type I interferons and favors viral replication during Arenavirus infection. PLoS Pathog. 2018 Jul 12;14(7): ... "Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are productively infected and activated through TLR-7 early after arenavirus infection". Cell Host ...
Ebola
Then He Watched The World Forget". HuffPost. Retrieved 5 November 2019.. *^ Piot P, Marshall R (2012). No time to lose: a life ... arenaviruses, and flaviviruses" (PDF). Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 October ... Ebola virus disease (Report). World Health Organization. Retrieved 6 June 2019.. *^ a b "CDC urges all US residents to avoid ... "World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved 14 May 2018.. *^ Yong E (21 May 2018). "Most Maps of the New Ebola Outbreak Are ...
Emerging infectious disease
"A brief history of vaccines and how they changed the world". World Economic Forum. Retrieved 2020-04-30. "Creating a world in ... category A arenavirus) Chlamydia psittaci (category B) Naegleria fowleri (category B) Balamuthia mandrillaris (category B) St. ... CEPI promotes the idea that a proactive approach is required to "create a world in which epidemics are no longer a threat to ... In 2014, the Western African Ebola virus epidemic demonstrated how ill-prepared the world was to handle such an epidemic. In ...
Bunyavirales
The mortality rate varies significantly depending on the form, being up to 50% in New World hantaviruses (the Americas), up to ... With the exception of Hantaviruses and Arenaviruses, all viruses in the Bunyavirales order are transmitted by arthropods ( ... 15% in Old World hantaviruses (Asia and Europe), and as little as 0.1% in Puumala virus (mostly Scandinavia). The antibody ...
Indiana vesiculovirus
It has particular importance to farmers in certain regions of the world where it infects cattle. This is because its clinical ... "Properties of replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus vectors expressing glycoproteins of filoviruses and arenaviruses ... Disease card on World Organisation for Animal Health. ...
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
The island of Vir in Croatia is one of the biggest described endemic places of origin of LCMV in the world, with IFA testing ... The first arenavirus, Lymphocytic choriomeningitis mammarenavirus (LCMV), was isolated in 1933 by Charles Armstrong during a ... World Health Organ. 55 (5): 599-603. PMC 2366689. PMID 338190. ICTVdB-The Universal Virus Database, version 4. [2] Centers for ... LCMV has been shown to cause illness in New World primates such as macaques, marmosets and tamarins. Infections have also been ...
Big-eared woodrat
Musser, G.G.; Carleton, M.D. (2005). "Superfamily Muroidea". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: ... "Principal host relationships and evolutionary history of the North American arenaviruses". Virology. 367 (2): 235-243. doi: ...
Ebola virus disease
World Health Organization. World Health Organization. August 2014. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 August 2014. ... arenaviruses, and flaviviruses" (PDF). Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 October ... WHO: Ebola haemorrhagic fever - World Health Organization, Global Alert and Response. *[1] - World Health Organization, Fact ... World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 29 July 2014.. *^ a b c "Monitoring Symptoms and Controlling Movement ...
Bioterrorism
The arenaviruses have a somewhat reduced case-fatality rate compared to disease caused by filoviruses, but are more widely ... Bisher, Jamie, "During World War I, Terrorists Schemed to Use Anthrax in the Cause of Finnish Independence," Military History, ... In 1980, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the eradication of smallpox, a highly contagious and incurable disease. ... Bio terrorism is used to threaten people, governments and countries By the time World War I began, attempts to use anthrax were ...
Marsh rice rat
Prevalence of antibodies to arenaviruses in rodents from the southern and western United States: evidence for an arenavirus ... eds.). Orders and families of Recent mammals of the world. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 686 pp. Carleton, M.D. and Musser, G. ... An arenavirus normally associated with woodrats (Neotoma) has also been found in Florida marsh rice rats. Antibodies against ... 894-1531 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed. ...
Hepatit - Vikipedi
Arenavirus: Guanarito virus,[2] Junín virus,[2] Lassa fever virus,[2] Lujo virus,[3] Machupo virus[2] ve Sabiá virus[2] ... "World J. Gastroenterol. 16 (6), s. 698-702. PMC 2817057 $2. PMID 20135717.. KB1 bakım: Birden fazla ad: yazar listesi (link) ... "World J Hepatol. 3 (4), s. 83-92. doi:10.4254/wjh.v3.i4.83. PMC 3098392 $2. PMID 21603030.. ... "Genetic detection and characterization of Lujo virus, a new hemorrhagic fever-associated arenavirus from southern Africa" ...
Encephalitis
World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2013.. ... Louis encephalitis, West Nile encephalitis virus), bunyavirus (La Crosse strain), arenavirus (lymphocytic choriomeningitis ... World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2013.. ...
Virus
World Health Organisation report, 24 September 2014. *^ Einstein MH, Schiller JT, Viscidi RP, Strickler HD, Coursaget P, Tan T ... Examples include geminiviruses, which are ssDNA plant viruses and arenaviruses, which are ssRNA viruses of animals.[94] ... The ancient Virus World and evolution of cells. Biology Direct. 2006;1:29. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-1-29. PMID 16984643. ... The evidence for an ancestral world of RNA cells[61] and computer analysis of viral and host DNA sequences are giving a better ...
Marburg virus disease
Biohazard: The Chilling True Story of the Largest Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World-Told from Inside by the Man ... "Properties of Replication-Competent Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vectors Expressing Glycoproteins of Filoviruses and Arenaviruses ... Garrett, Laurie (1994). The Coming Plague: Newly Emerging Diseases in a World Out of Balance. New York, USA: Farrar, Straus & ... Marburgviruses are World Health Organization Risk Group 4 Pathogens, requiring Biosafety Level 4-equivalent containment,[51] ...
Էբոլա վիրուսային հիվանդություն - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարան
WHO: Ebola haemorrhagic fever - World Health Organization, Global Alert and Response. *[1] - World Health Organization, Fact ... arenaviruses, and flaviviruses»։ Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care։ Արխիվացված օրիգինալից հոկտեմբերի 15, 2014-ին։ Վերցված է ... World Health Organization։ World Health Organization։ August 2014։ Արխիվացված օրիգինալից օգոստոսի 21, 2014-ին։ Վերցված է ... World Health Organ. 56 (2): 271-93։ 1978։ PMC 2395567։ PMID 307456։ Արխիվացված է օրիգինալից օգոստոսի 8, 2014-ին։ Վերցված է ...
Arena (disambiguation)
Walt Disney World), multi-purpose arena at Walt Disney World in Florida Arena (1953 film), a 3-D Western starring Gig Young The ... California Arenavirus Arenas (disambiguation) Larena (disambiguation) This disambiguation page lists articles associated with ...
Virus
There are only two centres in the world authorised by the WHO to keep stocks of smallpox virus: the State Research Center of ... Examples include geminiviruses, which are ssDNA plant viruses and arenaviruses, which are ssRNA viruses of animals. Genome size ... Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. Bibcode:1993nlp..book.....F. In 1887, Buist visualised one of the largest, Vaccinia ... The evidence for an ancestral world of RNA cells and computer analysis of viral and host DNA sequences are giving a better ...
Marburg virus disease
This isolation strongly suggests that Old World fruit bats are involved in the natural maintenance of marburgviruses and that ... "Properties of Replication-Competent Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vectors Expressing Glycoproteins of Filoviruses and Arenaviruses ... Marburgviruses are World Health Organization Risk Group 4 Pathogens, requiring Biosafety Level 4-equivalent containment, ... In early 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) began investigating an outbreak of viral hemorrhagic fever in Angola, which ...
Association Kwata - Publications scientifiques
Ebook] Stock market wizards by Jack D. Schwager Download PDF EPUB FB2
New World translation of the Holy Scriptures with references, rendered from the original languages ... The official patients sourcebook on arenaviruses. The official patients sourcebook on arenaviruses ... New World translation of the Holy Scriptures with references, rendered from the original languages ... dramatic failures in some of the worlds leading hedge 4/5(3). Mar 23, · Im also highly suggesting The Little Book of Market ...