Arenaviridae
A family of RNA viruses naturally infecting rodents and consisting of one genus (ARENAVIRUS) with two groups: Old World Arenaviruses (ARENAVIRUSES, OLD WORLD) and New World Arenaviruses (ARENAVIRUSES, NEW WORLD). Infection in rodents is persistent and silent. Vertical transmission is through milk-, saliva-, or urine-borne routes. Horizontal transmission to humans, monkeys, and other animals is important.
Arenaviruses, New World
Arenavirus
Hemorrhagic Fever, American
Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral
A group of viral diseases of diverse etiology but having many similar clinical characteristics; increased capillary permeability, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia are common to all. Hemorrhagic fevers are characterized by sudden onset, fever, headache, generalized myalgia, backache, conjunctivitis, and severe prostration, followed by various hemorrhagic symptoms. Hemorrhagic fever with kidney involvement is HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME.
Lassa virus
Junin virus
Sigmodontinae
Pichinde virus
Nucleocapsid Proteins
Clinical case definitions for Argentine hemorrhagic fever. (1/248)
Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF) is a potentially lethal infection in Argentina. The case-fatality ratio is >15%, but treatment reduces the mortality rate to <1%. Diagnosis is based on clinical and laboratory criteria, but no case definition has been validated. A chart review was conducted for patients hospitalized with suspected AHF. Individuals with a fourfold rise in antibody titer were classified as cases. The combination of a platelet count of <100,000/mm3 and a white blood cell (WBC) count of <2,500/mm3 had a sensitivity and specificity of 87% and 88%, respectively, thus suggesting that the use of these criteria in a case definition would be helpful for epidemiological studies of AHF. The combination of a platelet count of <100,000/mm3 and a WBC count of <4,000/mm3 had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 71%; the use of these criteria in a case definition should be helpful for screening patients for therapy with immune plasma in the region where AHF is endemic. (+info)Lassa and Mopeia virus replication in human monocytes/macrophages and in endothelial cells: different effects on IL-8 and TNF-alpha gene expression. (2/248)
Cells of the mononuclear and endothelial lineages are targets for viruses which cause hemorrhagic fevers (HF) such as the filoviruses Marburg and Ebola, and the arenaviruses Lassa and Junin. A recent model of Marburg HF pathogenesis proposes that virus directly causes endothelial cell damage and macrophage release of TNF-alpha which increases the permeability of endothelial monolayers [Feldmann et al. , 1996]. We show that Lassa virus replicates in human monocytes/macrophages and endothelial cells without damaging them. Human endothelial cells (HUVEC) are highly susceptible to infection by both Lassa and Mopeia (a non-pathogenic Lassa-related arenavirus). Whereas monocytes must differentiate into macrophages before supporting even low level production of these viruses, the virus yields in the culture medium of infected HUVEC cells reach more than 7 log10 PFU/ml without cellular damage. In contrast to filovirus, Lassa virus replication in monocytes/macrophages fails to stimulate TNF-alpha gene expression and even down-regulates LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha mRNA synthesis. The expression of IL-8, a prototypic proinflammatory CXC chemokine, was also suppressed in Lassa virus infected monocytes/macrophages and HUVEC on both the protein and mRNA levels. This contrasts with Mopeia virus infection of HUVEC in which neither IL-8 mRNA nor protein are reduced. The cumulative down-regulation of TNF-alpha and IL-8 expression could explain the absence of inflammatory and effective immune responses in severe cases of Lassa HF. (+info)Fatal illnesses associated with a new world arenavirus--California, 1999-2000. (3/248)
The California Department of Health Services (CDHS) and the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) recently identified evidence of infection with an arenavirus in three patients hospitalized with similar fatal illnesses. This report summarizes the investigation of these cases. (+info)Arenavirus antibody in rodents indigenous to coastal southern California. (4/248)
The purpose of this study was to extend our knowledge on the geographic and natural rodent host ranges of New World arenaviruses in California. Sera from 1,094 sigmodontine and 112 murine rodents were tested for antibody against Whitewater Arroyo and Amapari viruses. Antibody was found in 55 (4.6%) of the 1,206 rodents: 4 from northwestern San Diego County, 3 from Los Angeles County, and 48 from Orange County. The antibody-positive rodents included 8 (7.8%) of 103 Neotoma fuscipes, 1 (0.6%) of 180 Neotoma lepida, 1 (3.1%) of 32 Peromyscus boylii, 8 (11.0%) of 73 Peromyscus californicus, 1 (1.2%) of 85 Peromyscus eremicus, 30 (8.5%) of 353 Peromyscus maniculatus, and 6 (2.2%) of 268 Reithrodontomys megalotis. This study provides the first evidence that New World arenaviruses occur in Los Angeles and Orange counties and northwestern San Diego County, and the first evidence that Peromyscus and Reithrodontomys species are naturally infected with New World arenaviruses. (+info)Experimental infection of Neotoma albigula (Muridae) with Whitewater Arroyo virus (Arenaviridae). (5/248)
The Whitewater Arroyo virus (WWA) is a newly described North American arenavirus. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the biology of this virus in its natural rodent host, Neotoma albigula (white-throated woodrat). Thirteen adult, 7 juvenile, and 8 newborn woodrats each were inoculated subcutaneously with 1,000 cell culture infectious dose50 of the WWA virus prototype strain AV 9310135. All 28 animals became infected (as measured by the recovery of infectious virus and/or seroconversion) and no overt illness was associated with infection. Infection and virus shedding in the adult animals were transient (less than 59 days) whereas virus shedding in animals inoculated at birth persisted through 164 days of age. These results indicate that the duration of WWA virus infection in N. albigula is dependent upon the animal's age at the onset of infection and that neonatal infection can result in chronic (perhaps lifelong) virus shedding. (+info)Distinct CD8 T cell functions mediate susceptibility to histoplasmosis during chronic viral infection. (6/248)
It has long been recognized that some viral infections result in generalized immune suppression. In acute infections, this period of suppressed immunity is relatively short. However, chronic infections associated with a prolonged period of immune suppression present far greater risks. Here, we examined the role of CD8 T cell responses following viral infection in immunity to systemic histoplasmosis. Although wild-type mice with systemic histoplasmosis were able to control the infection, those simultaneously infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus clone 13 showed reduced immunity with greater fungal burden and high mortality. The immune suppression was associated with loss of CD4 T cells and B cells, generalized splenic atrophy, and inability to mount a granulomatous response. Removing the anti-viral CD8 T cells in the coinfected mice enabled them to reduce the fungal burden and survive the infection. Their lymphoid organs were replenished with CD4 T and B cells. In contrast to wild-type mice, perforin-deficient mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus clone 13 and Histoplasma showed an absence of immunopathology, but the animals still died. These results show that CD8 T cells can suppress immunity through different mechanisms; although immunopathology is perforin-dependent, lethality is perforin-independent. (+info)Molecular analysis of the interaction of LCMV with its cellular receptor [alpha]-dystroglycan. (7/248)
alpha-Dystroglycan (DG) has been identified as the cellular receptor for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and Lassa fever virus (LFV). This subunit of DG is a highly versatile cell surface molecule that provides a molecular link between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and a beta-DG transmembrane component, which interacts with the actin-based cytoskeleton. In addition, DG exhibits a complex pattern of interaction with a wide variety of ECM and cellular proteins. In the present study, we characterized the binding of LCMV to alpha-DG and addressed the role of alpha-DG-associated host-derived proteins in virus infection. We found that the COOH-terminal region of alpha-DG's first globular domain and the NH2-terminal region of the mucin-related structures of alpha-DG together form the binding site for LCMV. The virus-alpha-DG binding unlike ECM alpha-DG interactions was not dependent on divalent cations. Despite such differences in binding, LCMV and laminin-1 use, in part, an overlapping binding site on alpha-DG, and the ability of an LCMV isolate to compete with laminin-1 for receptor binding is determined by its binding affinity to alpha-DG. This competition of the virus with ECM molecules for receptor binding likely explains the recently found correlation between the affinity of LCMV binding to alpha-DG, tissue tropism, and pathological potential. LCMV strains and variants with high binding affinity to alpha-DG but not low affinity binders are able to infect CD11c+ dendritic cells, which express alpha-DG at their surface. Infection followed by dysfunction of these antigen-presenting cells contributes to immunosuppression and persistent viral infection in vivo. (+info)Role of CD28-B7 interactions in generation and maintenance of CD8 T cell memory. (8/248)
Although the role of CD28-B7 interaction in the activation of naive T cells is well established, its importance in the generation and maintenance of T cell memory is not well understood. In this study, we examined the requirement for CD28-B7 interactions in primary T cell activation and immune memory. Ag-specific CD8 T cell responses were compared between wild-type (+/+) and CD28-deficient (CD28(-/-)) mice following an acute infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). During the primary response, there was a substantial activation and expansion of LCMV-specific CD8 T cells in both +/+ and CD28(-/-) mice. However, the magnitude of the primary CD8 T cell response to both dominant and subdominant LCMV CTL epitopes was approximately 2- to 3-fold lower in CD28(-/-) mice compared with +/+ mice; the lack of CD28-mediated costimulation did not lead to preferential suppression of CD8 T cell responses to the weaker subdominant epitopes. As seen in CD28(-/-) mice, blockade of B7-mediated costimulation by CTLA4-Ig treatment of +/+ mice also resulted in a 2-fold reduction in the anti-LCMV CD8 T cell responses. Loss of CD28/B7 interactions did not significantly affect the generation and maintenance of CD8 T cell memory; the magnitude of CD8 T cell memory was approximately 2-fold lower in CD28(-/-) mice as compared with +/+ mice. Further, in CD28(-/-) mice, LCMV-specific memory CD8 T cells showed normal homeostatic proliferation in vivo and also conferred protective immunity. Therefore, CD28 signaling is not necessary for the proliferative renewal and maintenance of memory CD8 T cells. (+info) Arenaviridae Infections are viral diseases caused by members of the Arenaviridae family, which includes arenaviruses and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). These infections can affect various parts of the body and can range from mild to severe.
The symptoms of Arenaviridae infections can vary depending on the specific virus causing the infection, but they may include:
* Fever
* Headache
* Muscle pain
* Joint pain
* Sore throat
* Swollen lymph nodes
* Rash
* Seizures
* Meningitis
* Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain)
Some Arenaviridae infections can be transmitted to humans through contact with infected rodents or other animals, while others are spread by blood transfusions or organ transplantation. There is no specific treatment for Arenaviridae infections, and treatment is primarily focused on relieving symptoms and managing complications.
Examples of Arenaviridae infections include:
* Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCMV)
* Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE)
* Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE)
* Western equine encephalitis (WEE)
* Sabia virus infection
It's important to note that Arenaviridae infections can be severe and potentially life-threatening, so if you suspect you or someone else may have been infected, it's important to seek medical attention immediately.
Hemorrhagic fever, American (HFA) is a severe and potentially life-threatening viral disease that is transmitted through contact with infected ticks. It is caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii and is found primarily in the United States and parts of Central and South America.
The symptoms of HFA can include fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, and a characteristic rash that appears on the wrists and ankles. In severe cases, the disease can lead to bleeding under the skin, internal organs, and into the lungs, which can be fatal if not treated promptly.
Diagnosis of HFA is based on a combination of physical examination, laboratory tests, and medical history. Treatment typically involves antibiotics and supportive care to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Prevention measures include avoiding tick habitats, wearing protective clothing, and using insect repellents when outdoors in areas where the disease is common.
Previous article What Is A Hemorrhagic Fever, African?
Hemorrhagic fever, viral refers to a group of infectious diseases caused by viruses that affect the blood vessels and can cause bleeding. These fevers are characterized by high fever, severe headache, muscle pain, and weakness, followed by bleeding from the skin, eyes, or gastrointestinal tract.
Some of the common types of hemorrhagic fever, viral include:
1. Ebola virus disease (EVD): a severe and often fatal illness caused by the Ebola virus, which is transmitted through contact with infected bodily fluids, such as blood, sweat, and saliva.
2. Marburg virus disease (MVD): a highly contagious and deadly illness caused by the Marburg virus, which is also transmitted through contact with infected bodily fluids.
3. Lassa fever: a viral hemorrhagic fever that is common in West Africa and is caused by the Lassa virus, which is transmitted through contact with infected rodents.
4. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF): a widespread viral disease that affects the Balkans, the Middle East, and parts of Africa, and is caused by the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, which is transmitted through contact with infected ticks.
5. Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF): a rare and potentially deadly viral disease that is caused by the Machupo virus and is found in Bolivia and other parts of South America.
These diseases can be diagnosed through laboratory tests, such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction) or ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), and are typically treated with supportive care, such as fluid replacement and pain management, as well as antiviral medications in some cases.
Prevention of hemorrhagic fever, viral includes avoiding contact with infected individuals, wearing protective clothing and equipment, and using insecticides to prevent tick bites. Vaccines are also available for some of the diseases, such as Ebola and Marburg, but they are not widely available or effective against all strains of the virus.
Overall, hemorrhagic fever is a serious and potentially deadly condition that requires prompt medical attention and appropriate treatment to prevent complications and improve outcomes.
Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic fever that is endemic in parts of West Africa, particularly in Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea. It is caused by the Lassa virus, which is transmitted to humans through contact with infected rodents, such as rats.
The symptoms of Lassa fever can vary from mild to severe and include fever, headache, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and bleeding. In severe cases, the virus can cause multi-organ failure and death.
There is no specific treatment for Lassa fever, but supportive care, such as intravenous fluids and oxygen therapy, can help manage symptoms. Ribavirin, an antiviral drug, has been shown to be effective in treating the virus in some cases.
Prevention of Lassa fever involves reducing exposure to infected rodents, such as by storing food in rat-proof containers and avoiding contact with rodents that may be carrying the virus. Vaccines are also being developed to protect against the virus.
Overall, Lassa fever is a serious and potentially deadly disease that requires prompt medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes for patients infected with the virus.
Viral hemorrhagic fever
Antiviral therapy with intravenous ribavirin may be useful in Bunyaviridae and Arenaviridae infections (specifically Lassa ... After the first infection, macrophages display antibodies on their cell membranes specific to the dengue virus. By attaching to ... The family Arenaviridae include the viruses responsible for Lassa fever (Lassa virus), Lujo virus, Argentine (Junin virus), ... The order Bunyavirales includes the families Arenaviridae, Fimoviridae, and all members of the former family Bunyaviridae, ...
Remdesivir
"Methods for treating arenaviridae and coronaviridae virus infections", published 16 March 2017, issued 9 April 2019, assigned ... and was subsequently investigated for Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus infections before being studied as a post-infection ... The results found that remdesivir functioned well as an inhibitor of the infection. The study was published as a letter to the ... 19 infections. In January 2022, the FDA gave regulatory approval to remdesivir for use in adults and children (twelve years of ...
Lujo mammarenavirus
Those infections that proved fatal caused death within 10-13 days of showing symptoms. All four patients in which infection ... Lujo is a bisegmented RNA virus-a member of the family Arenaviridae-and a known cause of viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) in ... In four cases (80% of total known infections) the infection was fatal. The fifth case was treated with ribavirin early after ... 2009). "Nosocomial outbreak of novel arenavirus infection: Southern Africa". Emerg Infect Dis. 15 (10): 1598-1602. doi:10.3201/ ...
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
state, Infection with LCMV should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any compatible, severe viral infection or ... Viral Zone "Arenaviridae" Zhou, X; Ramachaundran, S; Mann, M; Popkin, DL (2012). "Role of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus( ... Such infections are rare. To date, (January 2017) documented infections in humans have occurred only after introduction to ... Lymphocytic choriomeningitis is not a commonly reported infection in humans, though most infections are mild and are often ...
Bolivian hemorrhagic fever
Post infection (and providing that the person survives the infection), those that have contracted BHF are usually immune to ... BHF was first identified in 1963 as an ambisense RNA virus of the Arenaviridae family, by a research group led by Karl Johnson ... The infection has a slow onset with fever, malaise, headache and myalgia, very similar to Malaria symptoms. Petechiae (blood ... and a serosurvey was conducted to determine the extent of Machupo virus infections in the department. A SEDES expert involved ...
Chapare mammarenavirus
in the family Arenaviridae change the name of genus Arenavirus to Mammarenavirus and convert the names of its constituent ... Viral RNA was detected in survivors up to 170 days after infection and infectious Chapare virus was obtained in a semen sample ... Chapare mammarenavirus or Chapare virus is a virus from the family Arenaviridae which causes a hemorrhagic fever in humans ... It was first described after an outbreak of a novel zoonotic mammarenavirus infection occurred in the village of Samuzabeti, ...
Morogoro virus
Webb PA, Justines G, Johnson KM (1975). "Infection of wild and laboratory animals with Machupo and Latino viruses". Bull World ... Articles with 'species' microformats, Taxonbars without primary Wikidata taxon IDs, Arenaviridae, Animal virology). ...
Bunyavirales
Incidence of infection is closely linked to vector activity, for example, mosquito-borne viruses are more common in the summer ... The order is organized into the following 12 families: Arenaviridae Cruliviridae Fimoviridae Hantaviridae Leishbunyaviridae ... Symptomatic infection typically causes non-specific flu-like symptoms with fever lasting for about three days. Because of their ... Human infections with certain members of Bunyavirales, such as Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus, are associated ...
Lassa fever
Research showed a twofold increase risk of infection for those living in close proximity to someone with infection symptoms ... Lassa virus is a member of the Arenaviridae, a family of negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses. Specifically it is an old ... The infection affects females 1.2 times more than males. The age group predominantly infected is 21-30 years. Lassa high risk ... The virus is present in urine for between three and nine weeks after infection, and it can be transmitted in semen for up to ...
GeoVax
As part of the trial protocol, a volunteer must have begun drug treatment in the first year of infection and have achieved 6 ... a member of the Arenaviridae family, causes severe and often fatal hemorrhagic illnesses in an overlapping region with Ebola. ... Gay and bisexual men bear the greatest burden by risk group, representing nearly 70% of new infections in the U.S. African- ... Zika Virus Zika virus infection has been linked to an increase in microcephaly in infants and Guillain-Barre syndrome (a ...
Whitewater Arroyo mammarenavirus
Previous cases of infection were from California. However, the virus has been found in woodrats in New Mexico and, more ... in the family Arenaviridae change the name of genus Arenavirus to Mammarenavirus and convert the names of its constituent ... WWAV infection is associated with hemorrhagic fever with liver failure. It is often associated with a mild febrile illness, ... In addition, control of rodents near homes can help prevent infection. Rodent carcasses and materials should be double-bagged ...
Mopeia mammarenavirus
Infection of primates with the virus was demonstrated to prevent clinical disease following Lassa virus infection, indicating ... Arenaviridae - Negative-sense RNA Viruses - ICTV". talk.ictvonline.org. Retrieved 8 May 2022. Wulff H, McIntosh BM, Hamner DB, ... are activated and produce alpha/beta interferons in response to Mopeia virus infection". Journal of Virology. 78 (19): 10516- ...
Robovirus
Lassa virus from the Arenaviridae family causes Lassa hemorrhagic fever and is also a robovirus transmitted by the rodent genus ... This process can also lead to transmission and infection. Colorado tick fever virus causes high fevers, chills, headache, ... "Experimental Colorado Tick Fever virus Infection in Colorado Mammals". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. ... Roboviruses mainly belong to the virus families Arenaviridae and Hantaviridae. Like arbovirus (arthropod borne) and tibovirus ( ...
C. J. Peters
His arenavirus research concentrates on the effects of infection on cellular function, particularly those molecular ... Arenaviridae (Lassa fever, South American hemorrhagic fevers) and SARS CoV. He runs an active program of human and animal ...
Arenavirus
Arenaviridae Detailed genomic and bioinformatic information about Arenaviridae at NIH-funded database. Arenaviridae Genomes ... Humans' risk of contracting the Arenavirus infection is related to age, race, or sex within the degree of contact with the ... Clinical infections: Lassa fever is characterised by high fever, severe myalgia, coagulopathy, haemorrhagic skin rash, and ... An arenavirus is a bisegmented ambisense RNA virus that is a member of the family Arenaviridae. These viruses infect rodents ...
Brazilian hemorrhagic fever
As of 2019, there had only been four documented infections of Brazilian mammarenavirus: two occurred naturally, and the other ... 2 July 2014). "Rename one (1) genus and twenty-five (25) species in the family Arenaviridae" (PDF). International Committee on ... "Treatment of a Laboratory-Acquired Sabiá Virus Infection". N Engl J Med. 333 (5): 317-318. doi:10.1056/NEJM199508033330505. ...
Viral disease
"Arenaviridae". ViralZone. SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Archived from the original on 2015-10-04. Retrieved 2015-10-03 ... A viral disease (or viral infection) occurs when an organism's body is invaded by pathogenic viruses, and infectious virus ... "Babies Born with CMV (Congenital CMV Infection)". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. April 13, 2017. Retrieved June 17 ... Page 273 in: Lennette's Laboratory Diagnosis of Viral Infections (Fourth ed.). CRC Press. 2010. ISBN 978-1420084962. Murillo A ...
Orthornavirae
Lassa virus (Arenaviridae) Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (Arenaviridae) Hantavirus (Bunyaviridae) Marburg virus ( ... which often aims to prevent viral infections. In modern history, numerous disease outbreaks have been caused by RdRp-encoding ...
Negative-strand RNA virus
Lassa virus (Arenaviridae) Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (Arenaviridae) Hantavirus (Hantaviridae) Marburg virus ( ... Jiang H, Zheng X, Wang L, Du H, Wang P, Bai X (2017). "Hantavirus infection: a global zoonotic challenge". Virol Sin. 32 (1): ... Borkenhagen LK, Salman MD, Ma MJ, Gray GC (November 2019). "Animal influenza virus infections in humans: A commentary". Int J ... Avsic-Zupanc T, Saksida A, Korva M (April 2019). "Hantavirus infections". Clin Microbiol Infect. 21S: e6-e16. doi:10.1111/1469- ...
Lassa mammarenavirus
Baize S, Kaplon J, Faure C, Pannetier D, Georges-Courbot MC, Deubel V (March 2004). "Lassa virus infection of human dendritic ... Arenaviridae, Tropical diseases, Zoonoses). ... where the annual incidence of infection is between 300,000 and ...
RNA virus
Arenaviridae) Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (Arenaviridae) Hantavirus (Bunyaviridae) Marburg Virus (Filoviridae) Ebola ... Purified RNA of a positive-sense virus can directly cause infection though it may be less infectious than the whole virus ... Kondo H, Chiba S, Toyoda K, Suzuki N (January 2013). "Evidence for negative-strand RNA virus infection in fungi". Virology. 435 ... The resulting recombinant viruses may sometimes cause an outbreak of infection in humans. Classification of the RNA viruses is ...
Quaranjavirus
Quaranfil virus is the only member of the genus to have been shown to infect humans; infection generally appears to be ... I. Evidence suggesting the placement of viruses in families Arenaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, or Poxviridae". Archives of Virology ... 2006). "Index of Viruses - Arenaviridae". ICTVdB - the Universal Virus Database, Version 4. Columbia University. Archived from ...
Argentinian mammarenavirus
... around which the first cases of infection were reported, in 1958. Argentinian mammarenavirus is a negative sense ssRNA ... Arenaviridae, Rodent-carried diseases). ... to take a placebo resulted in 23 cases of Junin-like infections ...
Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers | CDC Yellow Book 2024
Syndromic findings associated with specific Arenaviridae infections include pharyngitis, retrosternal pain, hearing loss in ... In otherwise healthy people, LCMV infection can cause meningitis, encephalitis, and congenital fetal infection; in organ ... Lujo virus infection has been described in the Republic of South Africa during a health care-associated outbreak, and in Zambia ... Most infections are mild, but some result in hemorrhagic fever with high death rates. Arenaviruses are categorized as Old World ...
Update: Interim Guidance for Minimizing Risk for Human
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection Associated with Pet...
The Arenaviridae. New York, NY: Plenum Press;1993:331--84.. * Skinner HH, Knight EH, Buckley LS. The hamster as a secondary ... Aseptic meningitis also can occur in some patients, but the infection is rarely fatal (2). However, LCMV infection during the ... utero LCMV infection is not known. In addition, LCMV can be a serious infection in persons with impaired immune systems. ... Although infection of other animals with LCMV might be possible, documented infections in humans have occurred only after ...
Course Content - #91763: Bioterrorism: An Update for Healthcare Professionals - NetCE
There are four families of RNA viruses that are known to cause the infections: Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Filoviridae, and ... and skin and systemic infections (i.e., progressive vaccinia, generalized vaccinia, severe vaccinial skin infections, and ... The anthrax skin infection begins as a raised pruritic lesion or papule that resembles an insect bite. Within one to two days, ... Serotype E infection symptoms typically have a more narrow median range (within 24 hours) than that of serotypes B (0 to 5 days ...
DeCS
Arenaviridae Infection. Arenavirus Infection. Arenavirus Infections. Infection, Arenaviridae. Infection, Arenavirus. Infections ... Arenaviridae Infection Infection, Arenaviridae Infections, Arenaviridae Infections, Arenavirus - Narrower Concept UI. M0001677 ... 94; was ARENAVIRUS INFECTIONS 1981-93. Online Note:. use ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS to search ARENAVIRUS INFECTIONS 1981-93. ... Arenaviridae Infections - Preferred Concept UI. M0001676. Scope note. Virus diseases caused by the ARENAVIRIDAE. ...
MARC details for record no. 244 › WHO HQ Library catalog
Pesquisa | Prevenção e Controle de Câncer
We observed higher CD38 levels on CD8+ T cells during chronic viral infection compared to levels during acute viral infection. ... a model representative of the Arenaviridae family. METHODS: The impact of LCMV on glucose metabolism in MRC-5 cells was studied ... infection, with lower levels observed on T cells from acute LCMV infection. We uncovered a cell-intrinsic role for CD38 ... Peripheral LCMV infection, which was asymptomatic, led to a transient infection and activation of the meninges. Mice lacking ...
Reptarenaviruses in constrictor snakes : tissue tropism and immune responses
The family Arenaviridae is a well-represented clade of RNA viruses. The genus Mammarenavirus is dominated by rodent-borne ... Reptarenavirus infection in mammalian, boid, and arthropod cells, incubated at 37 °C did not induce IB formation, whereas ... One of the hallmark signs of reptarenavirus infection in snakes is the formation of inclusion bodies (IB) in host cells. Snakes ... RNA-virukset, Arenaviridae-heimo mukaan lukien, muodostavat laajan ja monimuotoisen mikrobijoukon. Mammarenavirus- suvun ...
Lassa Fever | WHO | Regional Office for Africa
Person-to-person infections and laboratory transmission can also occur, particularly in hospitals lacking adequate infection ... The virus is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the virus family Arenaviridae. ... 1 in 5 infections result in severe disease, where the virus affects several organs such as the liver, spleen and kidneys. ... Lassa virus infections can only be diagnosed definitively in the laboratory using the following tests:. *reverse transcriptase ...
CDC Science Clips
Severe thrombocytopenia should be considered a rare outcome of ZIKV infection.. Taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the ... Clients had RITA recent infections if the rapid test for recent infection (RTRI) test result was recent and viral load (VL) ... OBJECTIVES: In Malawi, a recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) is used to characterise infections of persons newly ... Geospatial transmission hotspots of recent HIV infection - Malawi, October 2019-March 2020 Telford CT , Tessema Z , Msukwa M , ...
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM)
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection, Australia Cite CITE. Title : Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection, ... a member of the family Arenaviridae, that was initially isolated in 1933. The primary host of LCMV is the common house mouse, ... Infection in house mouse populations may vary by geographic location, though it is estimated that 5% of house mice throughout ... LCMV infections have been reported in Europe, the Americas, Australia, and Japan, and may occur wherever infected rodent hosts ...
Enterovirus a human. Medical search. Definitions
RHABDOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; JC VIRUS infections; and ... PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE ... TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RUBELLA; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORBIVIRUS infections; PICORNAVIRIDAE ... HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ...
Management of Patients With Suspected Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
... particularly arbovirus infections -- bacterial infections such as typhoid fever, rickettsial diseases, and parasitic infections ... virus classified in the family Arenaviridae. Its natural host is the multimammate rat Mastomys natalensis. This ubiquitous ... The illness-to-infection ratio is unknown but seems high for primary infections, judging from experience with the original 1967 ... Transmission of infection has been documented in the case of a laboratory worker who experienced a needle-stick inj not suggest ...
Hemorrhagic Fevers: MedlinePlus
ArboCat Virus: Parana (PARV)
Arenaviridae Genus. Arenavirus Information From. Patricia Ann Webb Address. Middle America Research Unit, Box 2011, Balboa ... Survey experience is sufficient to conclude that laboratory aerosol infection does not occur in the course of routine work with ... In view of reported high frequency of laboratory aerosol infection that occurred in workers manipulating high concentrations of ... Experimental Infection.... Histopathology. Human Disease. Geographic Distribution. References. Remarks. References. History. ...
Orthohantavirus - Wikipedia
Dobrava infections are similar, except that they often also have hemorrhagic complications.[citation needed] ... Arenaviridae. *Viral hemorrhagic fevers: Lassa fever *LASV. *Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever *GTOV. *Argentine hemorrhagic fever * ... As of 2005[update], no human infections have been reported in Australia, though rodents were found to carry antibodies.[48] ... The pathogenesis of hantavirus infections is unclear as there is a lack of animal models to describe it (rats and mice do not ...
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Infection Prevention and Control. *CDC is supporting DRCs Ministry of Health (MOH) to strengthen infection prevention and ... Rationale and Considerations for Chlorine Use in Infection Control for Non- U.S. General Healthcare Settings ... which holds training sessions around the country each year on all aspects of infection control and care for patients with Ebola ... border health and infection prevention and control in Rwanda, Uganda, and South Sudan. ...
Search | African Index Medicus (AIM)
Social Support , HIV Infections , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Compliance , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , ... the agent of the disease is a member of the Arenaviridae family. The virus is pleomorphic with single-stranded and bisegmented ... and treatment of opportunistic infections, as well as public health measures including education, de-stigmatization, early ...
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (Fever Viral Hemorrhagic): Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment - Symptoma
MH DELETED MN ADDED MN
Cross Infection C23.550.291.875.500 Cross-Priming G12.425.260 Crowns E6.323.428.100 E6.780.346.250 E6.323.528.250 E7.695.190.88 ... Arenaviridae B4.909.777.80 Arenavirus B4.909.777.80.70 Arenaviruses, New World B4.909.777.80.70.800 Arenaviruses, Old World ... Tumor Virus Infections C4.619.935 C4.925 Tungrovirus B4.715.835 Tunica Intima A7.231.330.800 A10.272.491.355.800 Tunica Media ... Epstein-Barr Virus Infections C4.619.935.313 C4.925.313 Erbium D1.268.477.437 Erbovirus B4.909.777.618.290 Erectile Dysfunction ...
Gram-Positive Branching Filamentous Bacilli Flashcards by Jason Worley | Brainscape
MH DELETED MN ADDED MN
Cross Infection C23.550.291.875.500 Cross-Priming G12.425.260 Crowns E6.323.428.100 E6.780.346.250 E6.323.528.250 E7.695.190.88 ... Arenaviridae B4.909.777.80 Arenavirus B4.909.777.80.70 Arenaviruses, New World B4.909.777.80.70.800 Arenaviruses, Old World ... Tumor Virus Infections C4.619.935 C4.925 Tungrovirus B4.715.835 Tunica Intima A7.231.330.800 A10.272.491.355.800 Tunica Media ... Epstein-Barr Virus Infections C4.619.935.313 C4.925.313 Erbium D1.268.477.437 Erbovirus B4.909.777.618.290 Erectile Dysfunction ...
MH DELETED MN ADDED MN
Cross Infection C23.550.291.875.500 Cross-Priming G12.425.260 Crowns E6.323.428.100 E6.780.346.250 E6.323.528.250 E7.695.190.88 ... Arenaviridae B4.909.777.80 Arenavirus B4.909.777.80.70 Arenaviruses, New World B4.909.777.80.70.800 Arenaviruses, Old World ... Tumor Virus Infections C4.619.935 C4.925 Tungrovirus B4.715.835 Tunica Intima A7.231.330.800 A10.272.491.355.800 Tunica Media ... Epstein-Barr Virus Infections C4.619.935.313 C4.925.313 Erbium D1.268.477.437 Erbovirus B4.909.777.618.290 Erectile Dysfunction ...
MH DELETED MN ADDED MN
Cross Infection C23.550.291.875.500 Cross-Priming G12.425.260 Crowns E6.323.428.100 E6.780.346.250 E6.323.528.250 E7.695.190.88 ... Arenaviridae B4.909.777.80 Arenavirus B4.909.777.80.70 Arenaviruses, New World B4.909.777.80.70.800 Arenaviruses, Old World ... Tumor Virus Infections C4.619.935 C4.925 Tungrovirus B4.715.835 Tunica Intima A7.231.330.800 A10.272.491.355.800 Tunica Media ... Epstein-Barr Virus Infections C4.619.935.313 C4.925.313 Erbium D1.268.477.437 Erbovirus B4.909.777.618.290 Erectile Dysfunction ...
Riskgroups | my.ABSA.org - For the Biosafety and Biosecurity Professional
Adenoviridae, Arenaviridae, Astroviridae, Baculoviridae, Birnaviridae, Bornaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Caliciviridae, Circoviridae ... Laboratory exposures may cause serious infection, but effective treatment and preventative measures are available and the risk ... dangerous and exotic agents that pose a high individual risk of aerosol-transmitted laboratory infections and life-threatening ... laboratory exposures may cause infections, but effective treatment and preventive measures are available, and the risk of ...
custom dictionary.txt - Word Solver - PHP Classes
Arenaviruses5
- Arenaviruses are single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses that cause chronic asymptomatic infections in rodents and zoonotically acquired disease in humans through rodent excreta, especially urine. (medscape.com)
- Other arenaviruses from South America and Africa are classic causes of viral hemorrhagic fever syndrome, whereas others have been identified but not found to cause disease or even infection in humans. (medscape.com)
- Some VHF viruses (arenaviruses, CCHF virus, filoviruses) spread from person to person by direct contact with symptomatic patients, body fluids, or cadavers, or through inadequate infection control in a hospital setting. (cdc.gov)
- The genus Mammarenavirus is dominated by rodent-borne arenaviruses, several of which have been identified as the causative agents behind hemorrhagic fevers and neurological infections in humans. (helsinki.fi)
- In view of reported high frequency of laboratory aerosol infection that occurred in workers manipulating high concentrations of Pichinde virus, it is strongly recommended that work with high concentrations of Level 2 arenaviruses be done at Level 3. (cdc.gov)
Asymptomatic infections1
- Cumulative infection findings 113-fold higher from this survey than national statistics (486,771 vs. 4,319) and predominantly asymptomatic infections highlight a need to identify alternative surveillance approaches and predictors of severe disease to inform national response. (cdc.gov)
Rodents4
- Rodents pass these infections to offspring, so they remain a continuous reservoir. (medscape.com)
- This report updates information about the ongoing investigation and provides interim measures for reducing the risk for LCMV infection from pet rodents associated with this outbreak. (cdc.gov)
- The unreliability of serologic testing is of concern because certain species of pet rodents infected with LCMV can shed virus for up to 8 months without signs of illness and thus can be a source of infection for humans ( 4,6 ). (cdc.gov)
- Orthohantaviruses typically cause chronic asymptomatic infection in rodents . (wikipedia.org)
Viral infections3
- Viral infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space. (lookformedical.com)
- Although a number of other febrile viral infections may produce hemorrhage, only the agents of Lassa, Marburg, Ebola, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fevers are known to have caused significant outbreaks of disease with person-to-person transmission. (cdc.gov)
- Because there are no effective treatments for some of these viral infections, there is concern about their use in bioterrorism . (medlineplus.gov)
Lassa3
- About 80% of human Lassa fever infections are mild or asymptomatic. (who.int)
- Lassa virus, named after a small town in northeastern Nigeria, is an enveloped, single-stranded, bisegmented ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus classified in the family Arenaviridae. (cdc.gov)
- On the basis of historical information, as well as serologic testing, sporadic Lassa infection may have occurred also in Guinea, Senegal, Mali, and the Central African Republic (6,7). (cdc.gov)
Hemorrhagic2
- Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) diseases are caused by 3 families ( Arenaviridae , Filoviridae , Flaviviridae ) and 1 order ( Bunyavirales ) of enveloped RNA viruses. (cdc.gov)
- Viruses in the order Bunyavirales include the Arenaviridae family viruses, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus (family Nairoviridae ), hantaviruses (family Hantaviridae ), and Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus (family Phenuiviridae ). (cdc.gov)
Humans2
- LCMV infection in humans with normal immune systems usually causes either asymptomatic or mild, self-limited illness. (cdc.gov)
- Although infection of other animals with LCMV might be possible, documented infections in humans have occurred only after exposure to infected mice, guinea pigs, and hamsters ( 2,4 ). (cdc.gov)
Diseases caused1
- Virus diseases caused by the ARENAVIRIDAE. (bvsalud.org)
Viruses2
- The following are the major viruses and the other recognized Arenaviridae listed in relationship to their rodent reservoirs. (medscape.com)
- The family Arenaviridae is a well-represented clade of RNA viruses. (helsinki.fi)
Laboratory4
- Person-to-person infections and laboratory transmission can also occur, particularly in hospitals lacking adequate infection prevention and control measures. (who.int)
- Survey experience is sufficient to conclude that laboratory aerosol infection does not occur in the course of routine work with cell cultures and animals not subject to chronic infection. (cdc.gov)
- CDC continues to support preparedness and coordination activities and provide technical assistance related to surveillance, vaccination, laboratory, case management, border health and infection prevention and control in Rwanda, Uganda, and South Sudan. (cdc.gov)
- dangerous and exotic agents that pose a high individual risk of aerosol-transmitted laboratory infections and life-threatening disease that is frequently fatal, for which there are no vaccines or treatments, or a related agent with unknown risk of transmission. (absa.org)
Chronic3
- In chronic infections and cancer, exhausted CD8 T cells exhibit heterogeneous subpopulations. (bvsalud.org)
- Similar to memory CD8 T cells, Tpex cells have been found to undergo self-renewal in the lymphoid organs, prominently the bone marrow, during chronic LCMV infection. (bvsalud.org)
- Similar to the data we obtained from chronic viral infection in mice, the expansion of the Tpex subset of PD-1+ CD8 TILs upon ex vivo IL-15 treatment was significantly higher than that of the terminally differentiated subset. (bvsalud.org)
LCMV7
- In 1934, the prototypic arenavirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), was first isolated during serial monkey passage of human material that was obtained from a fatal infection in the first documented epidemic of St. Louis encephalitis, a totally unrelated virus. (medscape.com)
- Preliminary test results determined that four (3.4%) of 115 hamsters sampled from the Ohio distributor had active LCMV infection. (cdc.gov)
- However, LCMV infection during the first or second trimester of pregnancy can cause severe illness or developmental defects in the fetus, including hydrocephalus, psychomotor retardation, blindness, and fetal death ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
- The frequency with which developmental defects occur after in utero LCMV infection is not known. (cdc.gov)
- In addition, LCMV can be a serious infection in persons with impaired immune systems. (cdc.gov)
- We observed approximately 10-fold fewer Tpex cells in the spleens of mice chronically infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) one-year post-infection (p.i.) than at three months p.i. (bvsalud.org)
- Using P14 CD8 T cell chimeric mice (P14 chimeras) with an lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection model, we observed that sublethal (5Gy) whole-body irradiation (WBI) induced a rapid decline in the number of naive (TN) and P14 circulating memory CD8 T cells (TCIRCM), with the former being more susceptible to radiation-induced numeric loss. (bvsalud.org)
Single-stranded1
- The virus is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the virus family Arenaviridae . (who.int)
Family1
- the agent of the disease is a member of the Arenaviridae family. (bvsalud.org)
Occur1
- Aseptic meningitis also can occur in some patients, but the infection is rarely fatal ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
Heterogeneous1
- A heterogeneous group of infections produced by coxsackieviruses, including HERPANGINA , aseptic meningitis ( MENINGITIS, ASEPTIC ), a common-cold-like syndrome, a non-paralytic poliomyelitis-like syndrome, epidemic pleurodynia (PLEURODYNIA, EPIDEMIC) and a serious MYOCARDITIS . (lookformedical.com)
Virus4
- the tests have not detected antibodies in animals with active infections demonstrated by other tests (i.e., immunohistochemistry staining of tissues and virus isolation). (cdc.gov)
- 1 in 5 infections result in severe disease, where the virus affects several organs such as the liver, spleen and kidneys. (who.int)
- Vaccines with both inactivated and live attenuated virus have proven effective in immunizing against the infection. (lookformedical.com)
- One person had worked with animals infected with live virus, but it is uncertain how the other person acquired the infection (4,5). (cdc.gov)
Fever1
- Other infections, some treatable with specific antibiotics, are often misdiagnosed as dengue fever, and dengue fever is often presumptively diagnosed when other infections are the cause of il ness. (who.int)
Meningitis1
- and RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS may cause this form of meningitis. (lookformedical.com)
Disease2
- Cuba) have been valuable in defining the role of sequential infections, duration of relevant immunological memory, and potential impact of genotype in addition to serotype on the clinical course of the disease. (who.int)
- Conclusion: It is pertinent that PLWHA are kept in early stages of HIV disease through combination of efforts such as prompt enrolment, commencement and monitoring compliance of HAART, and treatment of opportunistic infections, as well as public health measures including education, de-stigmatization, early diagnosis by extensive accessible screening/testing of at-risk population, social supports and economic empowerment, psychotherapy and social integration of affected individuals especially in a functional home. (bvsalud.org)
EXPOSURE1
- However, the extent to which radiation exposure impacts memory CD8 T cells, potent mediators of immunity to recurring intracellular infections and malignancies, remains understudied. (bvsalud.org)
Treatment1
- Treatment for both is primarily supportive as there is no specific treatment for hantavirus infections. (wikipedia.org)
Human1
- Human zoonotic infection occurs when rodent contact is increased because of environmental changes, agricultural practices, or human encroachment upon rodent habitats. (medscape.com)
Risk1
- In addition, the public was informed of the risk for infection from hamsters purchased during the outbreak at stores supplied by the affected distributor ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
Result1
- Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. (lookformedical.com)
Order1
- In order to validate the link between BIBD and reptarenavirus infection, constrictor snakes (Boa constrictor and Python regius) were experimentally infected. (helsinki.fi)
Rural1
- The increasing volume of international travel, including visits to rural areas of the tropical world, provides opportunity for the importation of these infections into countries with no endemic VHF, such As the United States. (cdc.gov)
Frequently1
- Serological studies document that dengue infections frequently go unrecognized. (who.int)
Similar1
- The health and economic impact from dengue is similar to that from other infections that have generated much more attention. (who.int)
Workers1
- Endemic countries report approximately 200,000 infections and 5,000 deaths annually, with Nigeria experiencing thousands of infections and hundreds of deaths including healthcare workers. (bvsalud.org)
