Arachidonate 12 lipoxygenase. Medical search

An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class primarily found in PLANTS. It catalyzes reactions between linoleate and other fatty acids and oxygen to form hydroperoxy-fatty acid derivatives.

An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of arachidonic acid to yield 5-hydroperoxyarachidonate (5-HPETE) which is rapidly converted by a peroxidase to 5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoate (5-HETE). The 5-hydroperoxides are preferentially formed in leukocytes.

An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of arachidonic acid to yield 12-hydroperoxyarachidonate (12-HPETE) which is itself rapidly converted by a peroxidase to 12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoate (12-HETE). The 12-hydroperoxides are preferentially formed in PLATELETS.

Compounds that bind to and inhibit that enzymatic activity of LIPOXYGENASES. Included under this category are inhibitors that are specific for lipoxygenase subtypes and act to reduce the production of LEUKOTRIENES.

An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of arachidonic acid to yield 15-hydroperoxyarachidonate (15-HPETE) which is rapidly converted to 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoate (15-HETE). The 15-hydroperoxides are preferentially formed in NEUTROPHILS and LYMPHOCYTES.

Enzymes catalyzing the oxidation of arachidonic acid to hydroperoxyarachidonates. These products are then rapidly converted by a peroxidase to hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids. The positional specificity of the enzyme reaction varies from tissue to tissue. The final lipoxygenase pathway leads to the leukotrienes. EC 1.13.11.- .

An unsaturated, essential fatty acid. It is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. It is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.

A lipoxygenase metabolite of ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is a highly selective ligand used to label mu-opioid receptors in both membranes and tissue sections. The 12-S-HETE analog has been reported to augment tumor cell metastatic potential through activation of protein kinase C. (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 274(3):1545-51; J Natl Cancer Inst 1994; 86(15):1145-51)

A family of biologically active compounds derived from arachidonic acid by oxidative metabolism through the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. They participate in host defense reactions and pathophysiological conditions such as immediate hypersensitivity and inflammation. They have potent actions on many essential organs and systems, including the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and central nervous system as well as the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system.

A potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. The compound also inhibits formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase to a lesser extent. It also serves as an antioxidant in fats and oils.

Scaffolding proteins that play an important role in the localization and activation of 5-LIPOXYGENASE.

A dual inhibitor of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. It exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The drug also enhances pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction and has a protective effect after myocardial ischemia.

The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

Eicosatetraenoic acids substituted in any position by one or more hydroxy groups. They are important intermediates in a series of biosynthetic processes leading from arachidonic acid to a number of biologically active compounds such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.

Eighteen-carbon essential fatty acids that contain two double bonds.

An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.

Phospholipases that hydrolyze one of the acyl groups of phosphoglycerides or glycerophosphatidates.

A 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acid containing 4 alkyne bonds. It inhibits the enzymatic conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins E(2) and F(2a).

Phospholipases that hydrolyze the acyl group attached to the 2-position of PHOSPHOGLYCERIDES.

A class of compounds named after and generally derived from C20 fatty acids (EICOSANOIC ACIDS) that includes PROSTAGLANDINS; LEUKOTRIENES; THROMBOXANES, and HYDROXYEICOSATETRAENOIC ACIDS. They have hormone-like effects mediated by specialized receptors (RECEPTORS, EICOSANOID).

(2S-(2 alpha,3 beta(1E,3E,5Z,8Z)))-3-(1,3,5,8-Tetradecatetraenyl)oxiranebutanoic acid. An unstable allylic epoxide, formed from the immediate precursor 5-HPETE via the stereospecific removal of a proton at C-10 and dehydration. Its biological actions are determined primarily by its metabolites, i.e., LEUKOTRIENE B4 and cysteinyl-leukotrienes. Alternatively, leukotriene A4 is converted into LEUKOTRIENE C4 by glutathione-S-transferase or into 5,6-di-HETE by the epoxide-hydrolase. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase necessary for the formation of prostaglandins and other autacoids. It also inhibits the motility of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Enzyme complexes that catalyze the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS from the appropriate unsaturated FATTY ACIDS, molecular OXYGEN, and a reduced acceptor.

20-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acids.

A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

A group of LEUKOTRIENES; (LTC4; LTD4; and LTE4) that is the major mediator of BRONCHOCONSTRICTION; HYPERSENSITIVITY; and other allergic reactions. Earlier studies described a "slow-reacting substance of ANAPHYLAXIS" released from lung by cobra venom or after anaphylactic shock. The relationship between SRS-A leukotrienes was established by UV which showed the presence of the conjugated triene. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

Non-nucleated disk-shaped cells formed in the megakaryocyte and found in the blood of all mammals. They are mainly involved in blood coagulation.

A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).

(11 alpha,13E,15S)-11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid (PGE(1)); (5Z,11 alpha,13E,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid (PGE(2)); and (5Z,11 alpha,13E,15S,17Z)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13,17-trien-1-oic acid (PGE(3)). Three of the six naturally occurring prostaglandins. They are considered primary in that no one is derived from another in living organisms. Originally isolated from sheep seminal fluid and vesicles, they are found in many organs and tissues and play a major role in mediating various physiological activities.

Compounds or agents that combine with cyclooxygenase (PROSTAGLANDIN-ENDOPEROXIDE SYNTHASES) and thereby prevent its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of eicosanoids, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes.

A group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway. They are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiological processes.

Peroxides produced in the presence of a free radical by the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in the cell in the presence of molecular oxygen. The formation of lipid peroxides results in the destruction of the original lipid leading to the loss of integrity of the membranes. They therefore cause a variety of toxic effects in vivo and their formation is considered a pathological process in biological systems. Their formation can be inhibited by antioxidants, such as vitamin E, structural separation or low oxygen tension.

Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

The most common and most biologically active of the mammalian prostaglandins. It exhibits most biological activities characteristic of prostaglandins and has been used extensively as an oxytocic agent. The compound also displays a protective effect on the intestinal mucosa.

Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.

Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.

A class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphoglycerides or glycerophosphatidates. EC 3.1.-.

FATTY ACIDS in which the carbon chain contains one or more double or triple carbon-carbon bonds.

Physiologically active compounds found in many organs of the body. They are formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides and cause platelet aggregation, contraction of arteries, and other biological effects. Thromboxanes are important mediators of the actions of polyunsaturated fatty acids transformed by cyclooxygenase.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.

Long chain organic acid molecules that must be obtained from the diet. Examples are LINOLEIC ACIDS and LINOLENIC ACIDS.

A prostaglandin that is a powerful vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation. It is biosynthesized enzymatically from PROSTAGLANDIN ENDOPEROXIDES in human vascular tissue. The sodium salt has been also used to treat primary pulmonary hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY).

A group of FLAVONOIDS characterized with a 4-ketone.

Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to the hexahydroxy alcohol, myo-inositol. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid, myo-inositol, and 2 moles of fatty acids.

Trihydroxy derivatives of eicosanoic acids. They are primarily derived from arachidonic acid, however eicosapentaenoic acid derivatives also exist. Many of them are naturally occurring mediators of immune regulation.

A 20-carbon-chain fatty acid, unsaturated at positions 8, 11, and 14. It differs from arachidonic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, only at position 5.

Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a choline moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and choline and 2 moles of fatty acids.

Eighteen-carbon essential fatty acids that contain three double bonds.

A constitutively-expressed subtype of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase. It plays an important role in many cellular processes.

White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES).

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

An annual legume. The SEEDS of this plant are edible and used to produce a variety of SOY FOODS.

The attachment of PLATELETS to one another. This clumping together can be induced by a number of agents (e.g., THROMBIN; COLLAGEN) and is part of the mechanism leading to the formation of a THROMBUS.

The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

An enzyme formed from PROTHROMBIN that converts FIBRINOGEN to FIBRIN.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Azoles of two nitrogens at the 1,2 positions, next to each other, in contrast with IMIDAZOLES in which they are at the 1,3 positions.

A cytosolic phospholipase A2 group that plays an important role in the release of free ARACHIDONIC ACID, which in turn is metabolized to PROSTAGLANDINS by the CYCLOOXYGENASE pathway and to LEUKOTRIENES by the 5-LIPOXYGENASE pathway.

A nonapeptide messenger that is enzymatically produced from KALLIDIN in the blood where it is a potent but short-lived agent of arteriolar dilation and increased capillary permeability. Bradykinin is also released from MAST CELLS during asthma attacks, from gut walls as a gastrointestinal vasodilator, from damaged tissues as a pain signal, and may be a neurotransmitter.

A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds.

A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.

Intracellular fluid from the cytoplasm after removal of ORGANELLES and other insoluble cytoplasmic components.

Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.

A class of drugs designed to prevent leukotriene synthesis or activity by blocking binding at the receptor level.

Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.

Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINES obtained by their partial hydrolysis which removes one of the fatty acid moieties.

Chemical agents that increase the permeability of biological or artificial lipid membranes to specific ions. Most ionophores are relatively small organic molecules that act as mobile carriers within membranes or coalesce to form ion permeable channels across membranes. Many are antibiotics, and many act as uncoupling agents by short-circuiting the proton gradient across mitochondrial membranes.

Fatty acid derivatives of glycerophosphates. They are composed of glycerol bound in ester linkage with 1 mole of phosphoric acid at the terminal 3-hydroxyl group and with 2 moles of fatty acids at the other two hydroxyl groups.

An enzyme found predominantly in platelet microsomes. It catalyzes the conversion of PGG(2) and PGH(2) (prostaglandin endoperoxides) to thromboxane A2. EC 5.3.99.5.

Enzymes that catalyze reversibly the formation of an epoxide or arene oxide from a glycol or aromatic diol, respectively.

The process of converting an acid into an alkyl or aryl derivative. Most frequently the process consists of the reaction of an acid with an alcohol in the presence of a trace of mineral acid as catalyst or the reaction of an acyl chloride with an alcohol. Esterification can also be accomplished by enzymatic processes.

The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Synthetic compounds that are analogs of the naturally occurring prostaglandin endoperoxides and that mimic their pharmacologic and physiologic activities. They are usually more stable than the naturally occurring compounds.

An inducibly-expressed subtype of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase. It plays an important role in many cellular processes and INFLAMMATION. It is the target of COX2 INHIBITORS.

The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5)

A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

An unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2. The compound has a bicyclic oxaneoxetane structure. It is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. It is the principal component of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS).

An antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA synthesis through the inhibition of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase.

Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to an ethanolamine moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and ethanolamine and 2 moles of fatty acids.

A group of fatty acids that contain 18 carbon atoms and a double bond at the omega 9 carbon.

Oxidases that specifically introduce DIOXYGEN-derived oxygen atoms into a variety of organic molecules.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.

Cell-surface receptors that bind LEUKOTRIENES with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells. The leukotriene receptor subtypes have been tentatively named according to their affinities for the endogenous leukotrienes LTB4; LTC4; LTD4; and LTE4.

A group of compounds that contain a bivalent O-O group, i.e., the oxygen atoms are univalent. They can either be inorganic or organic in nature. Such compounds release atomic (nascent) oxygen readily. Thus they are strong oxidizing agents and fire hazards when in contact with combustible materials, especially under high-temperature conditions. The chief industrial uses of peroxides are as oxidizing agents, bleaching agents, and initiators of polymerization. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)

A class of phenolic acids related to chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, etc., which are found in plant tissues. It is involved in plant growth regulation.

A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism.

Artifactual vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. They are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles, and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)

A group of 1,2-benzenediols that contain the general formula R-C6H5O2.

Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.

A group of physiologically active prostaglandin endoperoxides. They are precursors in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. Most frequently encountered member of this group is the prostaglandin G2.

Important polyunsaturated fatty acid found in fish oils. It serves as the precursor for the prostaglandin-3 and thromboxane-3 families. A diet rich in eicosapentaenoic acid lowers serum lipid concentration, reduces incidence of cardiovascular disorders, prevents platelet aggregation, and inhibits arachidonic acid conversion into the thromboxane-2 and prostaglandin-2 families.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Enzymes of the isomerase class that catalyze the oxidation of one part of a molecule with a corresponding reduction of another part of the same molecule. They include enzymes converting aldoses to ketoses (ALDOSE-KETOSE ISOMERASES), enzymes shifting a carbon-carbon double bond (CARBON-CARBON DOUBLE BOND ISOMERASES), and enzymes transposing S-S bonds (SULFUR-SULFUR BOND ISOMERASES). (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 5.3.

A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.

A biologically active principle of SRS-A that is formed from LEUKOTRIENE D4 via a peptidase reaction that removes the glycine residue. The biological actions of LTE4 are similar to LTC4 and LTD4. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

A group of 16-carbon fatty acids that contain no double bonds.

The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

The addition of an organic acid radical into a molecule.

A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic properties used in the therapy of rheumatism and arthritis.

A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Compounds based on benzeneacetamide, that are similar in structure to ACETANILIDES.

Enzymes that catalyze the formation of acyl-CoA derivatives. EC 6.2.1.

A calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group that may play a role in membrane phospholipid remodeling and homeostasis by controling the levels of PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE in mammalian cell membranes.

An enzyme localized predominantly within the plasma membrane of lymphocytes. It catalyzes the transfer of long-chain fatty acids, preferentially unsaturated fatty acids, to lysophosphatides with the formation of 1,2-diacylglycero-3-phosphocholine and CoA. EC 2.3.1.23.

C22-unsaturated fatty acids found predominantly in FISH OILS.

GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS in which one of the two acyl chains is attached to glycerol with an ether alkenyl linkage instead of an ester as with the other glycerophospholipids.

The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.

Immature ERYTHROCYTES. In humans, these are ERYTHROID CELLS that have just undergone extrusion of their CELL NUCLEUS. They still contain some organelles that gradually decrease in number as the cells mature. RIBOSOMES are last to disappear. Certain staining techniques cause components of the ribosomes to precipitate into characteristic "reticulum" (not the same as the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM), hence the name reticulocytes.

Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.

Organic compounds containing both the hydroxyl and carboxyl radicals.

An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Highly reactive compounds produced when oxygen is reduced by a single electron. In biological systems, they may be generated during the normal catalytic function of a number of enzymes and during the oxidation of hemoglobin to METHEMOGLOBIN. In living organisms, SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE protects the cell from the deleterious effects of superoxides.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.

A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.

Physiological processes in biosynthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of LIPIDS.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Unstable isotopes of carbon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. C atoms with atomic weights 10, 11, and 14-16 are radioactive carbon isotopes.

A class of cell surface leukotriene receptors with a preference for leukotriene B4. Leukotriene B4 receptor activation influences chemotaxis, chemokinesis, adherence, enzyme release, oxidative bursts, and degranulation in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. There are at least two subtypes of these receptors. Some actions are mediated through the inositol phosphate and diacylglycerol second messenger systems.

An increase in the rate of synthesis of an enzyme due to the presence of an inducer which acts to derepress the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis.

An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed)

A subcategory of secreted phospholipases A2 that includes enzymes isolated from a variety of sources. The creation of this group is based upon similarities in the structural determinants of the enzymes including a negatively charged carboxy-terminal segment.

Lipids, predominantly phospholipids, cholesterol and small amounts of glycolipids found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. These lipids may be arranged in bilayers in the membranes with integral proteins between the layers and peripheral proteins attached to the outside. Membrane lipids are required for active transport, several enzymatic activities and membrane formation.

Eighteen-carbon cyclopentyl polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID via an oxidative pathway analogous to the EICOSANOIDS in animals. Biosynthesis is inhibited by SALICYLATES. A key member, jasmonic acid of PLANTS, plays a similar role to ARACHIDONIC ACID in animals.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A creeping annual plant species of the CUCURBITACEAE family. It has a rough succulent, trailing stem and hairy leaves with three to five pointed lobes.

A secreted phospholipase A2 subtype that contains a interfacial-binding region with specificity for PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE. This enzyme group may play a role in eliciting ARACHIDONIC ACID release from intact cellular membranes and from LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. Members of this group bind specifically to PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 RECEPTORS.

Dioxygenases that catalyze the peroxidation of methylene-interrupted UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS.

An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.

A chemically diverse group of substances produced by various tissues in the body that cause slow contraction of smooth muscle; they have other intense but varied pharmacologic activities.

Compounds that inhibit the action of prostaglandins.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in enzyme synthesis.

Enzymes from the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of acyl groups from donor to acceptor, forming either esters or amides. (From Enzyme Nomenclature 1992) EC 2.3.

A group of physiologically active prostaglandin endoperoxides. They are precursors in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. The most frequently encountered member of this group is the prostaglandin H2.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

An serine-threonine protein kinase that requires the presence of physiological concentrations of CALCIUM and membrane PHOSPHOLIPIDS. The additional presence of DIACYLGLYCEROLS markedly increases its sensitivity to both calcium and phospholipids. The sensitivity of the enzyme can also be increased by PHORBOL ESTERS and it is believed that protein kinase C is the receptor protein of tumor-promoting phorbol esters.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of lipids using hydrogen peroxide as an electron acceptor.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE. The starchy roots are used as food. SOLANINE is found in green parts.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

(9 alpha,11 alpha,13E,15S)-9,11,15-Trihydroxyprost-13-en-1-oic acid (PGF(1 alpha)); (5Z,9 alpha,11,alpha,13E,15S)-9,11,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid (PGF(2 alpha)); (5Z,9 alpha,11 alpha,13E,15S,17Z)-9,11,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13,17-trien-1-oic acid (PGF(3 alpha)). A family of prostaglandins that includes three of the six naturally occurring prostaglandins. All naturally occurring PGF have an alpha configuration at the 9-carbon position. They stimulate uterine and bronchial smooth muscle and are often used as oxytocics.

Benzene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.

Precursors in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes from arachidonic acid. They are physiologically active compounds, having effect on vascular and airway smooth muscles, platelet aggregation, etc.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

A class of lipoproteins of small size (18-25 nm) and light (1.019-1.063 g/ml) particles with a core composed mainly of CHOLESTEROL ESTERS and smaller amounts of TRIGLYCERIDES. The surface monolayer consists mostly of PHOSPHOLIPIDS, a single copy of APOLIPOPROTEIN B-100, and free cholesterol molecules. The main LDL function is to transport cholesterol and cholesterol esters to extrahepatic tissues.

A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110)

Mononuclear phagocytes derived from bone marrow precursors but resident in the peritoneum.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

Derivatives of ACETIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxymethane structure.

Phospholipids which have an alcohol moiety in ethereal linkage with a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alcohol. They are usually derivatives of phosphoglycerols or phosphatidates. The other two alcohol groups of the glycerol backbone are usually in ester linkage. These compounds are widely distributed in animal tissues.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated.

A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is an inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal side effect is nephrotoxicity. In vivo, dideoxyadenosine is rapidly metabolized to DIDANOSINE (ddI) by enzymatic deamination; ddI is then converted to dideoxyinosine monophosphate and ultimately to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, the putative active metabolite.

A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR), lymph vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, LYMPHATIC), and the serous cavities of the body.

Compounds that bind to and inhibit the action of 5-LIPOXYGENASE-ACTIVATING PROTEINS.

Benzopyrroles with the nitrogen at the number one carbon adjacent to the benzyl portion, in contrast to ISOINDOLES which have the nitrogen away from the six-membered ring.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

One of the biologically active principles of SRS-A. It is generated from LEUKOTRIENE C4 after partial hydrolysis of the peptide chain, i.e., cleavage of the gamma-glutamyl portion. Its biological actions include stimulation of vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle, and increases in vascular permeability. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE. It is used as an antipsychotic and an antiemetic.

Cell surface proteins that bind eicosanoids with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells. Among the eicosanoid receptors are receptors for the prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.

A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.

Derivatives of phosphatidic acid in which the hydrophobic regions are composed of two fatty acids and a polar alcohol is joined to the C-3 position of glycerol through a phosphodiester bond. They are named according to their polar head groups, such as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine.

A flavoprotein enzyme that catalyzes the univalent reduction of OXYGEN using NADPH as an electron donor to create SUPEROXIDE ANION. The enzyme is dependent on a variety of CYTOCHROMES. Defects in the production of superoxide ions by enzymes such as NADPH oxidase result in GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE, CHRONIC.

Proteins, usually acting in oxidation-reduction reactions, containing iron but no porphyrin groups. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1993, pG-10)

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.

The space enclosed by the peritoneum. It is divided into two portions, the greater sac and the lesser sac or omental bursa, which lies behind the STOMACH. The two sacs are connected by the foramen of Winslow, or epiploic foramen.

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

GLYCEROL esterified with FATTY ACIDS.

Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a serine moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and serine and 2 moles of fatty acids.

7-Hydroxycoumarins. Substances present in many plants, especially umbelliferae. Umbelliferones are used in sunscreen preparations and may be mutagenic. Their derivatives are used in liver therapy, as reagents, plant growth factors, sunscreens, insecticides, parasiticides, choleretics, spasmolytics, etc.

Fatty acid esters of cholesterol which constitute about two-thirds of the cholesterol in the plasma. The accumulation of cholesterol esters in the arterial intima is a characteristic feature of atherosclerosis.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Granulated cells that are found in almost all tissues, most abundantly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Like the BASOPHILS, mast cells contain large amounts of HISTAMINE and HEPARIN. Unlike basophils, mast cells normally remain in the tissues and do not circulate in the blood. Mast cells, derived from the bone marrow stem cells, are regulated by the STEM CELL FACTOR.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.

An adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. It is a second messenger and a key intracellular regulator, functioning as a mediator of activity for a number of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH.

Components of a cell produced by various separation techniques which, though they disrupt the delicate anatomy of a cell, preserve the structure and physiology of its functioning constituents for biochemical and ultrastructural analysis. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p163)

cDNA cloning of 15-lipoxygenase type 2 and 12-lipoxygenases of bovine corneal epithelium. (1/375)

Bovine corneal epithelium contains arachidonate 12- and 15-lipoxygenase activity, while human corneal epithelium contains only 15-lipoxygenase activity. Our purpose was to identify the corneal 12- and 15-lipoxygenase isozymes. We used cDNA cloning to isolate the amino acid coding nucleotide sequences of two bovine lipoxygenases. The translated sequence of one lipoxygenase was 82% identical with human 15-lipoxygenase type 2 and 75% identical with mouse 8-lipoxygenase, whereas the other translated nucleotide sequence was 87% identical with human 12-lipoxygenase of the platelet type. Expression of 15-lipoxygenase type 2 and platelet type 12-lipoxygenase mRNAs were detected by Northern analysis. In addition to these two lipoxygenases, 12-lipoxygenase of leukocyte (tracheal) type was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, and Northern analysis. Finally, PCR and sequencing suggested that human corneal epithelium contains 15-lipoxygenase types 1 and 2. (+info)

Murine 12(R)-lipoxygenase: functional expression, genomic structure and chromosomal localization. (2/375)

A cDNA, recently cloned (by Krieg et al. (1998)) from mouse skin, was shown to encode a 12(R)-lipoxygenase. When expressed in HEK cells, the recombinant protein converted methyl arachidonate into the corresponding 12-HETE ester which was shown to be the R-enantiomer by chiral phase chromatography. Neither arachidonic acid nor linoleic acid were substrates for the recombinant protein. The structure of the 12(R)-lipoxygenase gene is unique among all animal lipoxygenases in that it is divided into 15 exons and 14 introns spanning approximately 12.5 kb. By interspecific backcross analysis, the 12(R)-lipoxygenase gene was localized to the central region of mouse chromosome 11. (+info)

Tissue-specific translational regulation of alternative rabbit 15-lipoxygenase mRNAs differing in their 3'-untranslated regions. (3/375)

By screening a rabbit reticulocyte library, an alternative 15-LOX transcript of 3.6 kb (15-LOX mRNA2) was detected containing a 1019 nt longer 3'-untranslated region (UTR2) than the main 2.6 kb mRNA (15-LOX mRNA1). In anaemic animals, northern blotting showed that 15-LOX mRNA2 was predominantly expressed in non-erythroid tissues, whereas 15-LOX mRNA1 was exclusively expressed in red blood cells and bone marrow. The 15-LOX 3'-UTR2 mRNA2 contained a novel 8-fold repetitive CU-rich motif, 23 nt in length (DICE2). This motif is related but not identical to the 10-fold repetitive differentiation control element (DICE1) of 19 nt residing in the 15-LOX UTR1 mRNA1. DICE1 was shown to interact with human hnRNP proteins E1 and K, thereby inhibiting translation. From tissues expressing the long 15-LOX mRNA2, two to three unidentified polypeptides with molecular weights of 53-55 and 90-93 kDa which bound to DICE2 were isolated by RNA affinity chromatography. A 93 kDa protein from lung cytosol, which was selected by DICE2 binding, was able to suppress translational inhibition of 15-LOX mRNA2, but not of 15-LOX mRNA1, by hnRNP E1. A possible interaction between DICE1/DICE2 cis / trans factors in translational control of 15-LOX synthesis is discussed. Furthermore, the 3'-terminal part of the highly related rabbit leukocyte-type 12-LOX gene was analysed. Very similar repetitive CU-rich elements of the type DICE1 (20 repeats) and DICE2 (nine repeats) were found in the part corresponding to the 3'-UTR of the mRNA. (+info)

Effects of mutant p53 expression on human 15-lipoxygenase-promoter activity and murine 12/15-lipoxygenase gene expression: evidence that 15-lipoxygenase is a mutator gene. (4/375)

Human 15-lipoxygenase (h15-LO) is present on chromosome 17p13.3 in close proximity to the tumor-suppressor gene, p53. 15-LO is implicated in antiinflammation, membrane remodeling, and cancer development/metastasis. The murine BALB/c embryo fibroblast cell line, (10)1val, expresses p53 in mutant (mt) conformation when grown at 39 degrees C and in wild-type conformation when grown at 32 degrees C. Transfection of h15-LO promoter constructs (driving luciferase reporter) into (10)1val cells and into p53-deficient (10)1 cells resulted in a marked increase in h15-LO promoter activity in (10)1val cells at 39 degrees C, but not at 32 degrees C, or as compared with (10)1 cells. Transfection of h15-LO promoter deletion constructs, however, resulted in total loss of activity in both cell types at 32 degrees C and 39 degrees C. Cotransfection of (10)1 cells with h15-LO promoter (driving luciferase reporter) along with increasing levels of a mt p53 expression vector demonstrated dose-dependent capacity of mt p53 to induce 15-LO promoter activity. No effect was observed with wild-type p53. In contrast to h15-LO promoter activity, (10)1val cells had significantly lower levels of endogenous (murine) 12/15-LO (mouse analog of h15-LO) mRNA and protein when grown at 39 degrees C compared with cells grown at 32 degrees C. Our data support the hypothesis that loss of a tumor-suppressor gene (p53), or "gain-of-function activities" resulting from the expression of its mutant forms, regulates 15-LO promoter activity in man and in mouse, albeit in directionally opposite manners. The studies define a direct link between 15-LO activity and an established tumor-suppressor gene located in close chromosomal proximity. (+info)

Albumin modifies the metabolism of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids via 12-lipoxygenase in human platelets. (5/375)

12-Lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase 1 are the dominating enzymes that metabolize arachidonic acid in human platelets. In addition to the conversion of arachidonic acid to 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 12-lipoxygenase can also utilize 5(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid to form 5(S), 12(S)-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 14(R), 15(S)-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, respectively. Furthermore, 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid works as an inhibitor for 12-lipoxygenase. In the present paper we have studied the influence of albumin on the in vitro metabolism of 5 - and 15 -hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, and 5,15 -dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid by the platelet 12-lipoxygenase. The presence of albumin reduced the formation of 5(S),12(S)- dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid from 5(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, however, it had no effect on the 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid production from endogenous arachidonic acid. In contrast, when 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid was incubated with activated platelets, the formation of 14(R), 15(S)- dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid was stimulated by the presence of albumin. Furthermore, albumin reduced the inhibitory action 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid had on 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid formation from endogenous arachidonic acid. However, addition of exogenous arachidonic acid (20 microm) to the incubations inverted the effects of albumin on the conversion of 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid to 14(R),15(S)- dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and the production of 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in these incubations. Based on the Scatchard equation, the estimates of the binding constants to albumin were 1.8 x 10(5) for 15 -HETE, 1.4 x 10(5) for 12-HETE, and 0.9 x 10(5) for 5 -HETE respectively. These results suggest an important role of albumin for the regulation of the availability of substrates for platelet 12-lipoxygenase. (+info)

Relationship of arachidonic acid metabolizing enzyme expression in epithelial cancer cell lines to the growth effect of selective biochemical inhibitors. (6/375)

Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolizing enzymes are emerging as significant mediators of growth stimulation for epithelial cells. The relative contribution of the various family members of AA metabolizing enzymes to epithelial cancer cell growth is not known. To study this question, we first analyzed a series of epithelial cancer cells to establish the relative frequency of expression for the various enzymes. We analyzed the expression of five AA metabolizing enzymes as well as 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) in a panel of human epithelial cancer cell lines (n = 20) using reverse transcription-PCR. From this analysis, we found that cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and FLAP were universally expressed in all cancer cell lines tested. For the remaining enzymes, the expression of COX-2, 12-LOX, and 15-LOX varied among cell lines, 60, 35, and 90%, respectively. Although the pattern of expression varied among the different cell types, all of the enzymes were expressed in all major cancer histologies. Using a panel of selective biochemical AA metabolizing enzyme inhibitors, we then evaluated the effect of these agents on cell lines with known expression status for the AA metabolizing enzymes. For the enzymes that were not universally expressed, growth inhibition by selective biochemical inhibitors did not closely correlate with the expression status of specific enzymes (P > 0.05). For the universally expressed enzymes, the LOX inhibitors were more potent growth inhibitors than the COX inhibitors. The frequent expression of the AA metabolizing enzymes suggests that AA metabolism pathway may be modulated in response to xenobiotic exposure during carcinogenesis. Although establishing a priori AA metabolizing enzyme status was not consistently informative about what AA metabolizing enzyme inhibition would be most growth inhibitory, the frequent inhibition of many epithelial cancers by these biochemical inhibitors opens a new avenue for cancer therapy and intervention in carcinogenesis. (+info)

Resistance to type 1 diabetes induction in 12-lipoxygenase knockout mice. (7/375)

Leukocyte 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO) gene expression in pancreatic beta cells is upregulated by cytotoxic cytokines like IL-1beta. Recent studies have demonstrated that 12-LO inhibitors can prevent glutamate-induced neuronal cell death when intracellular glutathione stores are depleted. Therefore, 12-LO pathway inhibition may prevent beta-cell cytotoxicity. To evaluate the role of 12-LO gene expression in immune-mediated islet destruction, we used 12-LO knockout (12-LO KO) mice. Male homozygous 12-LO KO mice and control C57BL/6 mice received 5 consecutive daily injections of low-dose streptozotocin to induce immune-mediated diabetes. Fasting serum glucose and insulin levels were measured at 7-day intervals, and the mice were followed up for 28 days. 12-LO KO mice were highly resistant to diabetes development compared with control mice and had higher serum insulin levels on day 28. Isolated pancreatic islets were treated with IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma for 18 hours. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in cytokine-treated islets from C57/BL6 mice decreased 54% from that of untreated islets. In marked contrast, the same cytokine mix led to only a 26% decrease in islets from 12-LO KO mice. Furthermore, cytokine-induced 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) production was absent in 12-LO KO islets but present in C57/BL6 islets. Isolated peritoneal macrophages were stimulated for 48 hours with IFN-gamma + LPS and compared for nitrate/nitrite generation. 12-LO KO macrophages generated 50% less nitrate/nitrite when compared with C57BL/6 macrophages. In summary, elimination of leukocyte 12-LO in mice ameliorates low dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes by increasing islet resistance to cytokines and decreasing macrophage production of nitric oxide. (+info)

Evidence for 12-lipoxygenase induction in the vessel wall following balloon injury. (8/375)

OBJECTIVE: Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation are key events in the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis following angioplasty. These events are mediated by several growth factors and cytokines whose cellular effects include activation of phospholipases and arachidonic acid metabolism via the lipoxygenase (LO) pathway. Since 12-LO products have potent growth and chemotactic effects, we have examined if 12-LO is upregulated in the neointima of injured rat carotid arteries and also if LO inhibition could attenuate neointimal thickening. METHODS: The left common carotid arteries of male Sprague Dawley rats were injured using a 1.8 F PTCA balloon catheter. Four-fourteen days after injury, injured and uninjured tissue samples were processed for histology, and immunohistochemistry or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to examine 12-LO expression. RESULTS: Twelve days after injury, immunohistochemical staining with a 12-LO antibody revealed intense staining in injured left carotid arteries, mainly in neointimal VSMCs and inflammatory cells, but not in the uninjured right arteries. There was also a marked upregulation of 12-LO mRNA (over five-fold by competitive PCR) in the injured arteries. Treatment of the arteries with a LO inhibitor, phenidone, soon after injury resulted in significant inhibition of neointimal thickening. In contrast, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, ibuprofen, had no effect. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate for the first time that balloon injury results in marked induction of 12-LO mRNA and protein expression in the vessel wall. Furthermore, LO pathway activation may mediate, at least in part, the development of the lesion or plaque instability, suggesting a novel target for therapeutic intervention to block these pathological events. (+info)

... and arachidonate lipoxygenase 3, is a lipoxygenase-type enzyme composed of 701 amino acids and encoded by the ALOX12B gene. The ... "Entrez Gene: ALOX12B arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R type". Boeglin WE, Kim RB, Brash AR (June 1998). "A 12R-lipoxygenase in ... Among the human lipoxygenases, ALOX12B is most closely (54% identity) related in amino acid sequence to ALOXE3 ALOX12B ... Muñoz-Garcia A, Thomas CP, Keeney DS, Zheng Y, Brash AR (March 2014). "The importance of the lipoxygenase-hepoxilin pathway in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALOX12B

They include (HEPE is hydroxy-eicsapentaenoic acid): 5-HEPE (see Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase#Eicosapentaenoic acid), 12-HEPE, ... The enzymes 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1 or ALOX15) and 15-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LO-2, ALOX15B) metabolize arachidonic acid to the S ... Other reactions of lipoxygenases generate cellular damage; murine models implicate 15-lipoxygenase in the pathogenesis of ... Lipoxygenases (LOXs): 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX or ALOX5) initiates the metabolism of arachidonic acid to 5- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eicosanoid

Nugteren, D. H. (1975). "Arachidonate lipoxygenase in blood platelets". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid ... Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1, 15-LOX-1, ALOX15), which is expressed in far more tissues that ALOX12, metabolizes ... sequence identity to mouse Arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase. Mouse e-12LO metabolizes arachidonic acid predominantly to 12(S)-HETE ... "Arachidonate dilates basilar artery by lipoxygenase-dependent mechanism and activation of K(+) channels". American Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid

... may refer to: Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase, an enzyme Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, an enzyme This set ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukotriene_A4_synthase

... lipoxygenase MeSH D12.776.556.579.374.450.025 - arachidonate lipoxygenases MeSH D12.776.556.579.374.450.025.020 - arachidonate ... Type XII collagen MeSH D12.776.860.300.250.600 - procollagen MeSH D12.776.860.300.250.700 - tropocollagen MeSH D12.776.860.300. ... arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase MeSH D12.776.556.579.374.687 - retinal dehydrogenase MeSH D12.776.556.579.374.925 - tyrosine 3- ... 5-lipoxygenase MeSH D12.776.556.579.374.450.025.025 - arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase MeSH D12.776.556.579.374.450.025.030 - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D12.776)

... lipoxygenase MeSH D08.811.682.690.416.444.050 - arachidonate lipoxygenases MeSH D08.811.682.690.416.444.050.055 - arachidonate ... arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase MeSH D08.811.682.690.416.444.525 - protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase MeSH D08.811.682.690.416.722 - ... 5-lipoxygenase MeSH D08.811.682.690.416.444.050.060 - arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase MeSH D08.811.682.690.416.444.050.065 - ... steroid 12-alpha-hydroxylase MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.170.915.737 - steroid 16-alpha-hydroxylase MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.170. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D08)

... arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase EC 1.13.11.34: arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase EC 1.13.11.35: pyrogallol 1,2-oxygenase EC 1.13.11.36: ... inoleate 8R-lipoxygenase EC 1.13.11.61: linolenate 9R-lipoxygenase EC 1.13.11.62: linoleate 10R-lipoxygenase EC 1.13.11.63: β- ... arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase EC 1.13.11.41: 2,4′-dihydroxyacetophenone dioxygenase EC 1.13.11.42: identical to EC 1.13.11.11, ... lipoxygenase EC 1.99.2.2: deleted, now EC 1.13.11.1, catechol 1,2-dioxygenase EC 1.99.2.3: deleted, now EC 1.13.11.3, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_1)

Nugteren DH (February 1975). "Arachidonate lipoxygenase in blood platelets". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and ... Delta12-lipoxygenase, 12Delta-lipoxygenase, and C-12 lipoxygenase. ALOX12, often termed plate platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase, is ... "Entrez Gene: ALOX12 arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase". Yamamoto S, Suzuki H, Ueda N (March 1997). "Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenases". ... Muñoz-Garcia A, Thomas CP, Keeney DS, Zheng Y, Brash AR (March 2014). "The importance of the lipoxygenase-hepoxilin pathway in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALOX12

Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type II (ALOX15B), also termed 15-lipoxygenase-2, 15-LOX-2, and 15-LOX-2. It metabolizes ... soybean lipoxygenase L1 and L3, coral 8-lipoxygenase, human 5-lipoxygenase, rabbit 15-lipoxygenase and porcine leukocyte 12- ... erythrocyte type 15-lipoxygenase (or 15-lipoxygenase, erythrocyte type), reticulocyte type 15-lipoxygenase (or 15-lipoxygenase ... "ALOX5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". Haeggström, J. Z.; Funk, C. D. (2011). "Lipoxygenase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoxygenase

... , also known as ALOX5, 5-lipoxygenase, 5-LOX, or 5-LO, is a non-heme iron-containing enzyme (EC 1.13 ... Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase is a member of the lipoxygenase family of enzymes. It transforms essential fatty acids (EFA) ... "Alox5 - arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase". WikiGenes. Fahel JS, de Souza MB, Gomes MT, Corsetti PP, Carvalho NB, Marinho FA, de ... Arachidonate+5-Lipoxygenase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Human ALOX5 genome location ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachidonate_5-lipoxygenase

... s are compounds that slow or stop the action of the arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (5- ... 1. Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ...Specific function: Catalyzes the first step in leukotriene biosynthesis, and thereby plays a ... Antileukotriene agents Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5-inhibiting drugs David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox. Lehninger's ... Lipoxygenase+inhibitors at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) MeSH list of agents 82016859 v t ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachidonate_5-lipoxygenase_inhibitor

"Depletion of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase up-regulates arachidonate metabolism by 12S-lipoxygenase and ... untranslated region of human glutathione peroxidase 4 influences lipoxygenase metabolism". Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 29 (2): 174-8 ... 16 (12): 1180-1191. doi:10.1038/ncb3064. PMC 4894846. PMID 25402683. Smith AC, Mears AJ, Bunker R, Ahmed A, MacKenzie M, ... "Glutathione peroxidase 4 senses and translates oxidative stress into 12/15-lipoxygenase dependent- and AIF-mediated cell death ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPX4

... arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase 2, 15-lipoxygenase-2, 15-LOX-2, 15-LO-2, arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type II, arachidonate 15- ... ALOX15 (also termed arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase, 15-lipoxygenase-1, 15-LO-1, 15-LOX-1) is, like other lipoxygenases, a seminal ... Consequently, human ALOX15 is now referred to as arachidonate-15-lipoxygenase-1, 15-lipoxygenase-1, 15-LOX-1, 15-LO-1, human 12 ... Sigal E, Grunberger D, Craik CS, Caughey GH, Nadel JA (April 1988). "Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (omega-6 lipoxygenase) from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALOX15

Antileukotriene Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor Antihistamines Hooper, Nigel M. (2013). Membrane dipeptidase. Handbook of ... Leukotrienes are produced from arachidonic acid by 5-lipoxygenase (which is made from phospholipids in the cell membrane) and ... ISBN 978-0-12-382219-2. "Montelukast". Medicines Complete. doi:10.18578/BNF.236887386. Retrieved October 9, 2019. "Montelukast ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cysteinyl-leukotriene_type_1_receptor_antagonists

Ghosh J, Myers CE (1998). "Inhibition of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase triggers massive apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells ... mediates the survival-promoting effects of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase in prostate cancer cells". Cancer Lett. 336 (1): 185-95 ... Hussey HJ, Tisdale MJ (1996). "Inhibition of tumour growth by lipoxygenase inhibitors". Br. J. Cancer. 74 (5): 683-687. doi: ... Wijkander J, O'Flaherty JT, Nixon AB, Wykle RL (1995). "5-Lipoxygenase products modulate the activity of the 85-kDa ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxoeicosanoid_receptor_1

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase "Flavocoxid". livertox.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-07-20. This article incorporates text from this ... 12 (5): 1143-1148. doi:10.1089/jmf.2008.0244. ISSN 1557-7600. PMC 2784890. PMID 19857081. (Source attribution, Orphaned ... Complete resolution upon stopping flavocoxid has occurred in 2 to 12 weeks. Immunoallergic features have been mild and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavocoxid

Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type II is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALOX15B gene. ALOX15B, also known as 15- ... "Entrez Gene: ALOX15B arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase, type B". Human ALOX15B genome location and ALOX15B gene details page in the ... Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase 15-hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid ALOX15 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000179593 - Ensembl, May ... "Evidence that arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase 2 is a negative cell cycle regulator in normal prostate epithelial cells". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALOX15B

First, human eosinophils use Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase-1 (or possibly Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase-2 to metabolize 5-oxo-ETE ... oxygenation of this arachidonic acid by activated arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) to form 5(S)-hydroperoxy-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z- ... This transcellular production typically involves the limited variety of cell types that express active 5-lipoxygenase, lack ... and lipoxygenase-derived eicosanoids". Drug Metabolism and Disposition. 39 (2): 180-90. doi:10.1124/dmd.110.035121. PMC 3033693 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-Oxo-eicosatetraenoic_acid

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein also known as 5-lipoxygenase activating protein, or FLAP, is a protein that in ... Zintzaras E, Rodopoulou P, Sakellaridis N (March 2009). "Variants of the arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein ( ... "Associations of genetic polymorphisms of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein with risk of coronary artery disease in ... "Cytogenetic and radiation hybrid mapping of human arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (ALOX5AP) to chromosome 13q12 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-lipoxygenase-activating_protein

Kuhn, Hartmut; Walther, Matthias; Kuban, Ralf Jürgen (2002). "Mammalian arachidonate 15-lipoxygenases". Prostaglandins & Other ... and 15-lipoxygenase-2, and selected metabolites of the latter lipoxygenases show no such association. Similarly selective ... "Characterization and separation of the arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase and linoleic acid omega-6 lipoxygenase (arachidonic acid ... 15-lipoxygenase type 2 (ALOX15B) strongly prefers arachidonic acid over linoleic acid and in consequence is relatively poor in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic_acid

"Entrez Gene: ALOXE3 arachidonate lipoxygenase 3". Schneider C, Brash AR (August 2002). "Lipoxygenase-catalyzed formation of R- ... Epidermis-type lipoxygenase 3 (ALOXE3 or eLOX3) is a member of the lipoxygenase family of enzymes; in humans, it is encoded by ... The epidermis-type lipoxygenases are now regarded as a distinct subclass within the multigene family of mammalian lipoxygenases ... Among the human lipoxygenases, ALOXE3 is most closely (54% identity) related in amino acid sequence to ALOX12B. ALOXE3, ALOX12B ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALOXE3

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase Leukotriene 15-Hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid Greene ER, Huang S, Serhan ... The primary product of the lipoxygenase, 15-HPETE is believed to react with the enzyme further to produce the 14,15-epoxide, ... Claesson HE (September 2009). "On the biosynthesis and biological role of eoxins and 15-lipoxygenase-1 in airway inflammation ... Forsell PK, Brunnström A, Johannesson M, Claesson HE (2012). "Metabolism of anandamide into eoxamides by 15-lipoxygenase-1 and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eoxin

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase has been identified as playing a significant role in the survival of prostate cancer cells. ... In particular, arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors produce massive, rapid programmed cell death in prostate cancer cells. ... Ghosh J, Myers CE (October 1998). "Inhibition of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase triggers massive apoptosis in human prostate ... The 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathway is implicated in the development and progression of human cancers. 5-LOX, whose crystal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate_cancer

... by the arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase-1-based or arachidonate 15-lipoxygenased-2-based metabolism of 5-oxo-ETE; and f) conversion ... also termed arachidonate-5-lipoxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase, 5-LO, and 5-LOX). ALOX5 metabolizes arachidonic acid to its ... 12-Lipoxygenase (i.e. ALOX12) to metabolize 5(S)-HETE to 5(S),12(S)-diHETE. The activity of this product has not yet been fully ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid

Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase (processes essential fatty acids to leukotrienes, which are important agents in the inflammatory ... 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2017-03-04. "Search results - 10[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("has ccds"[Properties] AND alive[ ... 2017-05-12. Retrieved 2017-05-19. "Chromosome 10: Chromosome summary - Homo sapiens". Ensembl Release 88. 2017-03-29. Retrieved ... 90 (1-2): 1-12. doi:10.1159/000015653. PMID 11060438. S2CID 28931509. Gilbert F (2001). "Chromosome 10". Genet Test. 5 (1): 69- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_10

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase, B-cell linker, BCAR1, BCR gene, Beta-2 adrenergic receptor, C-Met, CBLB, CD117, CD22, CD28, CDKN1B ... Lepley RA, Fitzpatrick FA (September 1994). "5-Lipoxygenase contains a functional Src homology 3-binding motif that interacts ... "Competitive binding assay of src homology domain 3 interactions between 5-lipoxygenase and growth factor receptor binding ... 6 (12): 1651-8. PMID 9019171. Kharbanda S, Saleem A, Shafman T, Emoto Y, Taneja N, Rubin E, Weichselbaum R, Woodgett J, Avruch ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRB2

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) and LTC4 synthase (LTC4S), which couples ... Haeggström, Jesper Z.; Funk, Colin D. (2011-09-22). "Lipoxygenase and Leukotriene Pathways: Biochemistry, Biology, and Roles in ... "Expanding expression of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway within the arterial wall during human atherogenesis". Proceedings of the ... Dvash, Efrat; Har-Tal, Michal; Barak, Sara; Meir, Ofir; Rubinstein, Menachem (2015-12-11). "Leukotriene C4 is the major trigger ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukotriene_C4

When acting on GLA, arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase produces no leukotrienes and the conversion by the enzyme of arachidonic acid ... Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-01-12. Horrobin D.F. (From the Efamol Research Institute. Kentville. Nova Scotia. ... ISBN 1-893997-17-0. Retrieved 2007-12-07. Eckey, EW (1954). Vegetable Fats and Oils (volume 123 of American Chemical Society ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-Linolenic_acid

... see Lipoxygenase#Biological function and classification#Human lipoxygenases) that also contains a very long chain fatty acid. ... and concurrently the 8Z double bond in this arachidonate moves to the 9E position to form the intermediate product, 12S- ... Muñoz-Garcia, A; Thomas, C. P.; Keeney, D. S.; Zheng, Y; Brash, A. R. (2014). "The importance of the lipoxygenase-hepoxilin ... Muñoz-Garcia, A; Thomas, C. P.; Keeney, D. S.; Zheng, Y; Brash, A. R. (2014). "The importance of the lipoxygenase-hepoxilin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepoxilin

... arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) or leukotriene receptor antagonist (cysteinyl leukotriene receptors) and consequently opposes the ... drugs such as MK-886 that block the 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) inhibit functioning of 5-lipoxygenase and may help ... Zileuton is a specific inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase and thus inhibits leukotriene (LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) formation. Both ... Bishayee K, Khuda-Bukhsh AR (September 2013). "5-lipoxygenase antagonist therapy: a new approach towards targeted cancer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antileukotriene

When acting on GLA, arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase produces no leukotrienes and the conversion by the enzyme of arachidonic acid ... Retrieved 2007-12-07.. *^ Eckey, EW (1954). Vegetable Fats and Oils (volume 123 of American Chemical Society monograph series) ... Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-01-12.. *^ Nasaruddin, Mohd Hanif; Noor, Noor Qhairul Izzreen Mohd; Mamat, Hasmadi ( ... InChI=1S/C18H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h6-7,9-10,12-13H,2-5,8,11,14-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b7-6-,10- ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-Linolenic_acid

... see Lipoxygenase#Biological function and classification#Human lipoxygenases) that also contains a very long chain fatty acid. ... and concurrently the 8Z double bond in this arachidonate moves to the 9E position to form the intermediate product, 12S- ... Krieg, Peter; Fürstenberger, Gerhard (2014). "The role of lipoxygenases in epidermis". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - ... and 15-lipoxygenases". Progress in Lipid Research. 50 (1): 115-31. doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2010.10.005. PMC 3012140. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepoxilin_A3

... role of vanilloid receptors and lipoxygenases". The Journal of Neuroscience. 23 (10): 4127-4133. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-10- ... "Anandamide and diet: inclusion of dietary arachidonate and docosahexaenoate leads to increased brain levels of the ... 978-0-12-551460-6. .. *^ a b Wang J, Ueda N (September 2009). "Biology of endocannabinoid synthesis system". Prostaglandins & ... The acute beneficial effects of exercise (termed as runner's high) seem to be mediated by anandamide in mice.[12] Anandamide is ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anandamide

The enzymes 15-lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15 and 15-lipoxygenase-2 (ALOX15B catalyzes the oxidation of arachidonic acid to 15- ... 5,8,11,14-all-cis-Eicosatetraenoic acid; all-cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid; Arachidonate ... The enzyme 5-lipoxygenase catalyzes the oxidation of arachidonic acid to 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE), which in ... 15-Lipoxygenase-1 may also further metabolize 15-HPETE to eoxins in a pathway analogous to (and presumably using the same ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachidonic_acid

... inclusion of dietary arachidonate and docosahexaenoate leads to increased brain levels of the corresponding N-acylethanolamines ... role of vanilloid receptors and lipoxygenases". The Journal of Neuroscience. 23 (10): 4127-4133. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-10- ... 12 (3-4): 250-275. doi:10.1111/j.1527-3458.2006.00250.x. PMC 6506194. PMID 17227290. Sinning C, Watzer B, Coste O, Nüsing RM, ... ISBN 978-0-12-551460-6. Wang J, Ueda N (September 2009). "Biology of endocannabinoid synthesis system". Prostaglandins & Other ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anandamide

The eicosanoids formed in the ALOX12 (i.e. arachidonate-12-lipoxygnease) pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism, 12S- ... doi:10.1096/fj.12-217414. PMC 3633813. PMID 23382512. Koivisto A, Chapman H, Jalava N, Korjamo T, Saarnilehto M, Lindstedt K, ... 12 (10): 1293-9. doi:10.1038/nn.2379. hdl:10261/16906. PMID 19749751. S2CID 1670299. Ryckmans T, Aubdool AA, Bodkin JV, Cox P, ... April 2012). "Spinal 12-lipoxygenase-derived hepoxilin A3 contributes to inflammatory hyperalgesia via activation of TRPV1 and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRPA1

... is an enzyme that metabolizes an eicosanoid product of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), 5(S)-hydroxy-6S,8Z,11Z,14Z- ... Other eicosanoid oxireductases that use NADP+ and NADPH as cofactors include LTB4 12-hydroxy dehydrogenase which metabolizes ... 12-HETE) and LTB4 to their corresponding 12-oxo analogs and 11-hydroxy-TXB2 dehydrogenase, which metabolizes TXB2 to its 11-oxo ... and does not oxidize 12(S)-HETE, 15(S)-HETE, leukotriene B4, a racemate mixture of 9-HETE, a racemate mixture of 11-HETE, or a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-Hydroxyeicosanoid_dehydrogenase

Other lipoxygenases-8-LO, 12-LO and 15-LO-make other eicosanoid-like products. To act, 5-LO uses the nuclear-membrane enzyme 5- ... Phinney SD, Odin RS, Johnson SB, Holman RT (March 1990). "Reduced arachidonate in serum phospholipids and cholesteryl esters ... Lipoxygenase oxidation removes no C=C double bonds and leads to the LK. After oxidation, the eicosanoids are further modified, ... DGLA and EPA compete with AA for access to the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. So the presence of DGLA and EPA in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_fatty_acid_interactions

Brock TG (December 2005). "Regulating leukotriene synthesis: the role of nuclear 5-lipoxygenase" (PDF). Journal of Cellular ... The endocannabinoid system, broadly speaking, includes: The endogenous arachidonate-based lipids, anandamide (N- ... 54 (5): 801-12. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.05.020. PMC 2001295. PMID 17553427. Bacci A, Huguenard JR, Prince DA (2004). "Long- ... 19 (12): 1704-6. doi:10.1096/fj.05-3995fje. PMID 16037095. S2CID 42230. Christie BR, Cameron HA (2006). "Neurogenesis in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocannabinoid_system

If arachidonate is acted upon by a lipoxygenase instead of cyclooxygenase, Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and leukotrienes are ... The prostaglandins are synthesized in the cell membrane by the cleavage of arachidonate from the phospholipids that make up the ... The arachidonate is then acted upon by the cyclooxygenase component of prostaglandin synthase. This forms a cyclopentane ring ... 12. Print. "MetaCyc pathway: superpathway of fatty acids biosynthesis". MetaCyc Metabolic Pathway Database. BioCyc. (E. coli). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acid_metabolism

... amines by the lipoxygenase pathway". European Journal of Biochemistry. 267 (7): 2000-7. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01203.x. ... inclusion of dietary arachidonate and docosahexaenoate leads to increased brain levels of the corresponding N-acylethanolamines ... or its linoleoyl analogues by lipoxygenase action. N-Docosahexaenoyl ethanolamine (DHEA: C24H37NO2; 22:6, ω-3), or Anandamide ( ... 4 can also be oxygenated via lipoxygenase (LOX) or cyclooxygenase (COX), to produce ethanolamide oxylipins, like prostaglandin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-Acylethanolamine

"Evidence that arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase 2 is a negative cell cycle regulator in normal prostate epithelial cells". Journal ... 15-Lipoxygenase-2: Cells also used 15-lipoxygenase 2 (i.e. 15-LOX-2 or ALOX15B) to make 15(S)-HpETE and 15(S)-HETE. However ... 15-Lipoxygenase-1: Cells metabolize arachidonic acid with 15-lipoxygenase-1 (i.e., 15-LO-1, ALOX15) to form 15(S)-HpETE as a ... an arachidonate lipoxygenase product". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research. 1136 (3): 247-52. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid

ALOXE3: arachidonate lipoxygenase 3. *ALPL: alkaline phosphatase, biomineralization associated. *ALS2: alsin Rho guanine ...

https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene

Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase Grant support * P01 HL114453/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States ... 12 , Edward K Geissler 7 , Stephen B Thomas 13 , Brent R Stockwell 13 , Valerie B ODonnell 4 , Valerian E Kagan 3 , Joel A ... 12 Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology and Tumor Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Marchioninistr. 25 81377 Munich, ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25402683/?dopt=Abstract

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid

12(S)-Hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid; CAS No.:54397-83-0 with ≥95% (HPLC) purity. Buy from Sigma-Aldrich. ... 5-Lipoxygenase, Human, Recombinant, S. fruigiperda. 5-Lipoxygenase, Human, Recombinant, S. frugiperda E.C 1.13.11.34, catalyzes ... Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) converts arachidonic acid to 12(S)-(HETE). Alteration in 12-LOX expression or activity ... A cell-permeable, highly potent, selective, active site directed, mixed type inhibitor of lipoxygenase-12/15 (IC50 = 200 nM for ...

https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/product/sigma/h7768

Pharmacological inhibition of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase ameliorates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in multiple ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Huang%20YP%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=27007357

Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase. Gene namei Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to ... GO:0050473 [arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activity]. GO:0050727 [regulation of inflammatory response]. GO:0051120 [hepoxilin A3 ... GO:0050473 [arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activity]. GO:0050727 [regulation of inflammatory response]. GO:0051122 [hepoxilin ... GO:0050473 [arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activity]. GO:0050727 [regulation of inflammatory response]. GO:0051122 [hepoxilin ...

http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000161905-ALOX15

Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase in human corneal epithelium and 12- and 15-lipoxygenases in bovine corneal epithelium: comparison ... Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase in human corneal epithelium and 12- and 15-lipoxygenases in bovine corneal epithelium: comparison ... Human tracheal epithelial cells contain an arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase, while the same cells from animals (including bovine, ... Biochemical and immunohistochemical evidence for selective expression of novel epithelial lipoxygenases. Shannon, V.R., ...

https://www.wikigenes.org/e/gene/e/282139.html

M1 macrophages exhibited preferential induction of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (ALOX5AP), whereas M2 ... arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15). Polarization of macrophages in vitro differentially induced ALOX5AP in M1 macrophages or ... A total of 31 patients (31%) were 0 to 5 years of age, 42 (42%) were 6 to 12 years of age, and 26 (26%) were 13 to 20 years of ... RESULTS: Over 12 months, CIRKUITS tested 38,255 persons for HIV, identifying 10,974 (29%) new people living with HIV, of whom ...

https://www.cdc.gov/library/sciclips/issues/v12issue23.html

Epidermal growth factor enhances transcription of human arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase in A431 cells. Liu, Y. W., Chen, B. K., ... Wei, H. J., Su, T. H., Chien, C. L. & Tzeng, C. R., 1997, 於: Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy. 12, 5, p. 309-313 5 p.. 研究成果: 雜誌貢獻 › ... Lee, Y. M., Sheu, J. R. & Yen, M. H., 12月 1997, 於: Asia Pacific Journal of Pharmacology. 12, 3-4, p. 71-76 6 p.. 研究成果: 雜誌貢獻 › 文 ... 12, 10, p. 2087-2092 6 p.. 研究成果: 雜誌貢獻

https://tmu.pure.elsevier.com/zh/publications/?indexableKeyword=%2Fdk%2Fatira%2Fpure%2Fsustainabledevelopmentgoals%2Flife_on_land&format=&page=825&ordering=publicationYearThenTitle&descending=true

Collectively, these findings provide new evidence that 12-lipoxygenase products, IP3, and TRPV1 channels contribute importantly ... Collectively, these findings provide new evidence that 12-lipoxygenase products, IP3, and TRPV1 channels contribute importantly ... Collectively, these findings provide new evidence that 12-lipoxygenase products, IP3, and TRPV1 channels contribute importantly ... Collectively, these findings provide new evidence that 12-lipoxygenase products, IP3, and TRPV1 channels contribute importantly ...

https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/role-of-trpv1-and-intracellular-casup2sup-in-excitation-of-cardia

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase. ... Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R-type. Opens the Target List ...

https://pharos.nih.gov/targets/CYP4F2

Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (substance). Code System Preferred Concept Name. Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (substance). ...

https://phinvads.cdc.gov/vads/ViewCodeSystemConcept.action?oid=2.16.840.1.113883.6.96&code=81395002

Association between polymorphisms of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) and schizophrenia in a Korean population. Behavioral ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Schizophrenia+and+ALOX12&Mysubmit=Search

arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase. 0.025. Zc3hav1. zinc finger CCCH type, antiviral 1. 0.025. ...

http://imp.princeton.edu/predictions/process/mouse-context-global/6639/?gene=88695

arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase. U: 2. ANXA5. annexin A5. U: 1. D: 1 ...

https://senequest.net/search?type=go_term&search=sarcolemma

arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12.... ARHGAP6. 395. ARHGAP6. Rho GTPase activating protein 6 .... ...

https://www.gsea-msigdb.org/gsea/msigdb/human/geneset/RAAGNYNNCTTY_UNKNOWN.html

Epidermal growth factor enhances transcription of human arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase in A431 cells. Liu, Y. W., Chen, B. K., ... Wei, H. J., Su, T. H., Chien, C. L. & Tzeng, C. R., 1997, 於: Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy. 12, 5, p. 309-313 5 p.. 研究成果: 雜誌貢獻 › ... Lee, Y. M., Sheu, J. R. & Yen, M. H., 12月 1997, 於: Asia Pacific Journal of Pharmacology. 12, 3-4, p. 71-76 6 p.. 研究成果: 雜誌貢獻 › 文 ... Hsieh, W. H. S., Chao, J. C. J. & Taylor, A., 1997, 於: Nutritional Sciences Journal. 22, 4, p. 445-456 12 p.. 研究成果: 雜誌

https://tmu.pure.elsevier.com/zh/publications/?showAdvanced=false&allConcepts=true&inferConcepts=true&publicationYear=2017&publicationYear=2019&author=b1cab46d-9c3d-47f6-80a7-bac878af6a83&format=&nofollow=true&ordering=publicationYearThenTitle&descending=true&page=811

Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S type. Protein classi. Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).. Read more ...

https://v20.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000108839-ALOX12/cell

keywords = "Arachidonic acid, Lipoxygenase, Rabbit aorta, Vasorelaxation",. author = "Pfister, {Sandra L.} and Nancy Spitzbarth ... Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase Medicine & Life Sciences 55% * 8,11,12-trihydroxy-5,9,14-eicosatrienoic acid Medicine & Life ... N2 - Arachidonic acid is metabolized by both the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways by rabbit aorta. We investigated the ... AB - Arachidonic acid is metabolized by both the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways by rabbit aorta. We investigated the ...

https://utsouthwestern.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/metabolism-of-12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic-acid-to-vasodilatory

Yamamoto, S., Aizu, E., Jiang, H., Nakadate, T., Kiyoto, I., Wang, J. C. & Kato, R., 1991 2月, In: Carcinogenesis. 12, 2, p. 317 ... Nakayama, M., Yamada, N., Kumashiro, Y., Kanazawa, H., Yamato, M. & Okano, T., 2012 6月, In: Macromolecular Bioscience. 12, 6, p ... 12, p. 745-782 38 p.. 研究成果: Article › 査読 ... 1257-1268 12 p.. 研究成果: Article › 査読 ...

https://keio.pure.elsevier.com/ja/organisations/1b00-faculty-of-pharmacy/publications/?type=%2Fdk%2Fatira%2Fpure%2Fresearchoutput%2Fresearchoutputtypes%2Fcontributiontojournal%2Farticle&ordering=title&descending=false&page=42

... is a lipoxygenase-type enzyme composed of 701 amino acids and encoded by the ALOX12B gene.[1][2][3][ ... Among the human lipoxygenases, ALOX12B is most closely (54% identity) related in amino acid sequence to ALOXE3[6][7 ... 4] The gene is located on chromosome 17 at position 13.1 where it forms a cluster with two other lipoxygenases, ALOXE3 and ... Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R type, also known as ALOX12B, 12R-LOX, and arachiconate lipoygenase 3, ...

https://wikimd.com/wiki/12R_type

arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S t.... 25793. 25793. FBXO7. F-box protein 7 [Source:HGNC Symbol.... ...

https://www.gsea-msigdb.org/gsea/msigdb/cards/GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELL_ACTIVATION.html

Histochemical evidence for induction of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase in airway disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 147(4):1024-8, 4/1993 ... Related expression of arachidonate 12- and 15-lipoxygenases in animal and human lung tissue. Am J Physiol 261(6 Pt 1):L399-405 ... Induction of epithelial arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase at active sites of inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Physiol 264(1 Pt 1): ... Induction of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase at active sites of inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Physoil (Gastorinterol) 264:G104- ...

https://sciforschenonline.org/journals/cancer-research/vickie-r-shannon.php

... arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor metabolite antibacterial agent EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor ... it exhibits antibacterial activity and inhibitory activity against arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase. ... A trienoic fatty acid, that is octadecanoic acid containing double bonds at positions 9, 12 and 15 and a triple bond at ... 9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trien-6-ynoyl-containing glycerolipid Show first 5 Terms ...

http://zfin.org/action/ontology/term-detail/CHEBI:65768

... and its arachidonate metabolites. *Phytochemicals: Some phytochemical rich foods have direct anti-inflammatory properties via a ... The western diet led to increased expression of inflammatory markers including 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) ...

https://polybalm.com/nail-health/

ALOX12 (Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase): * ALOX12 Antikörper * ALOX12 ELISA Kits * ALOX12 Proteine ASPH - Aspartate beta ...

https://www.antikoerper-online.de/positive-regulation-of-endopeptidase-activity-pathway-85/

Alox5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) mRNA expression decrease. Molecular. heart. Mouse. Alox5. -. ... Alox5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) mRNA expression increase. Molecular. heart. Mouse. Alox5. -. ... Alox5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) promoter methylation increase. Molecular. heart. Mouse. Alox5. -. ... Alox5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) promoter methylation increase. Molecular. cerebellum. Mouse. Alox5. -. ...

https://active-seti.info/atlas/gene/11689/?t_2_sort=type

Detailed function of the Cytochrome P450 Family 2 Subfamily B Member 13 (Cyp2b13) and Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase, 12R Type ( ... MuRF1−/− and MuRF1 Tg mice and their strain-match wild-type controls (previously described [8, 12]) were shipped to the ... Data were obtained using Agilent Feature Extraction software (version 12), using the 1-color defaults for all parameters. The ... Data published in Drake, et al., Physiol Genomics 2013 45(12):449-61. (PDF 52 kb) ...

https://bmcmedgenet.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12881-018-0670-1

... which encode the epidermal lipoxygenases arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, i.e., 12R type (12R-LOX), and the epidermis-type ... lipoxygenase-3 (eLOX3), respectively. Deficiency of 12R-LOX and eLOX3 disrupts the epidermal barrier function and leads to an ...

https://ern-skin.eu/reference-center/meta-analysis-of-mutations-in-alox12b-or-aloxe3-identified-in-a-large-cohort-of-224-patients/

In humans, Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO, 12-LOX, ALO12, or platelet type 12-lipoxygenase) is encoded by the ALOX12 gene and expressed primarily in platelets and skin. (wikipedia.org)
ALOX12 metabolizes arachidonic acid almost exclusively to 12(S)-hydroperoxy-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (12(S)-HpETE or 12S-HpETE). (wikipedia.org)
Recent studies indicate that the metabolism by ALOXE3 of the R stereoisomer of 12-HpETE made by ALOX12B and therefore possibly the S stereoisomer of 12-HpETE made by ALOX12 or ALOX15 is responsible for forming various hepoxilins in the epidermis of human and mouse skin and tongue and possibly other tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Association between polymorphisms of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) and schizophrenia in a Korean population. (cdc.gov)
The following Apolipoprotein D (APOD) Rabbit antibody to or anti-Mouse Polyclonal (N- terminus) antibody, Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) Rabbit antibody to or anti-Mouse Polyclonal antibody, BCL2-associated X protein (BAX) Rabbit antibody to or anti-Mouse Polyclonal (N- terminus) antibody, biotin conjugated labelled Affinity Purified antibody to or anti-HUMAN IgG (H&L) (GOAT) (Min X MOUSE Serum proteins) products are the most profitable elements of the genways offer. (mousanti.com)

it metabolizes arachidonic acid to 12(R)-HpETE. (wikipedia.org)
Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) converts arachidonic acid to 12(S)-(HETE). (sigmaaldrich.com)
Up-regulation of 12/15-lipoxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to 12(S)- and 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, causes impaired cell signaling, oxidative-nitrosative stress, and inflammation. (uthscsa.edu)

during this metabolism, however, ALOX15 also forms 12(S)-HpETE as a minor product. (wikipedia.org)
Results: After accounting for multiple testing and comparing homozygotes, tagSNPs in the type 1 angiotensin II receptor (AGTR1, rs6801836) and arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15, rs2664593) genes were each significantly (q (cdc.gov)

Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R type , also known as ALOX12B , 12 R -LOX , and arachiconate lipoygenase 3 , is a lipoxygenase -type enzyme composed of 701 amino acids and encoded by the ALOX12B gene . (wikimd.com)
ALOX12B oxygenates arachidonic acid by adding molecular oxygen (O 2 ) in the form of a hydroperoxyl (HO 2 ) residue to its 12th carbon thereby forming 12( R )-hydroperoxy-5 Z ,8 Z ,10 E ,14 Z -icosatetraenoic acid (also termed 12( R )-HpETE or 12 R -HpETE). (wikimd.com)
12 R -HETE stimulates animal and human neutrophil chemotaxis and other responses in vitro and is able to elicit inflammatory responses when injected into the skin of an animal model [9] [10] However, the production of 12 R -HETE for this or other purposes may not be primary function of ALOX12B. (wikimd.com)
ALOX12B is also capable of metabolizing free linoleic acid to 9( R )-hydroperoxy-10(E),12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid (9 R -HpODE) which is also rapidly converted to its hydroxyl derivative, 9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9 R -HODE). (wikimd.com)
The main focus of this report is the mutational spectrum of the genes ALOX12B and ALOXE3, which encode the epidermal lipoxygenases arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, i.e., 12R type (12R-LOX), and the epidermis-type lipoxygenase-3 (eLOX3), respectively. (ern-skin.eu)

The initial 12(S)-HpETE and 12(R)-HpETE products, regardless of their pathway of formation, are rapidly reduced to 12(S)-HETE and 12(R)-HETE, respectively, by ubiquitous cellular peroxidases, including in particular Glutathione peroxidases or, alternatively, are further metabolized as described below. (wikipedia.org)
Prometastatic metabolite of arachidonic acid via the 12-lipoxygenase pathway that is expressed in many tumor cell lines. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Obesity is associated with increased expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway and increased Leukotrienes (LTs) production has been observed in obese asthma patients. (utmb.edu)
The renal cortex does not metabolize arachidonic acid through the lipoxygenase pathway. (wustl.edu)
A Sucrose-Enriched Diet Promotes Tumorigenesis in Mammary Gland in Part through the 12-Lipoxygenase Pathway. (greenmedinfo.com)
Collectively, these landmark discoveries provided initial insight into the COX pathway of arachidonate metabolism. (medscape.com)

A cell-permeable, highly potent, selective, active site directed, mixed type inhibitor of lipoxygenase-12/15 (IC50 = 200 nM for human). (sigmaaldrich.com)
Furthermore, the stimulating effect of bradykinin on DiI-labeled DRG neurons was significantly attenuated by baicalein (a selective inhibitor of 12-lipoxygenase) or 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate [an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP 3 ) antagonist]. (elsevier.com)
Effects of a lipoxygenase inhibitor on digoxin-induced cardiac arrhythmias in the isolated perfused guinea-pig heart. (semanticscholar.org)

It was first found as a product of arachidonic acid metabolism made by human and bovine platelets through their 12S-lipoxygenase (i.e. (wikipedia.org)
We investigated the metabolism of 12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid by aortic homogenates and microsomes. (elsevier.com)
Thus, there is regional metabolism of arachidonate to monohydroxy eicosanoids in the kidney. (wustl.edu)
Previous reports have suggested interactions with arachidonate metabolism. (henriettesherbal.com)

12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) is a derivative of the 20 carbon polyunsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid, containing a hydroxyl residue at carbon 12 and a 5Z,8Z,10E,14Z Cis-trans isomerism configuration (Z=cis, E=trans) in its four double bonds. (wikipedia.org)
Mice also express an epidermal type 15-lipoxygenase (e-12LO) which has 50.8% amino acid sequence identity to human 15-LOX-2 and 49.3% sequence identity to mouse Arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase. (wikipedia.org)
Mouse e-12LO metabolizes arachidonic acid predominantly to 12(S)-HETE and to a lesser extent 15(S)-HETE. (wikipedia.org)
12(R)-HpETE also spontaneously decomposes to a mixture of hepoxilins and trihydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acids that possess R or S hydroxy and epoxy residues at various sites while 8R-hydroxy-11R,12R-epoxy-hepoxilin A3 spontaneously decomposes to 8R,11R,12R-trihydroxy-5Z,9E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid. (wikipedia.org)
5-Lipoxygenase, Human, Recombinant, S. frugiperda E.C 1.13.11.34, catalyzes the formation of 5(S)-HpETE from arachidonic acid and its subsequent conversion to leukotriene A4. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Arachidonic acid is metabolized by both the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways by rabbit aorta. (elsevier.com)
Rabbit aortic homogenates were incubated in the presence of 14 C-arachidonic acid plus 12-lipoxygenase and analyzed by reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). (elsevier.com)
100% vs. 43% for compound A and 5% vs. 100% for compound B). Based on the mass spectra, peak 3 contained two metabolites identified as the methyl ester-trimethylsilyl ether derivatives of 8,11,12-trihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (trioxilin A 3 ) and 8,9,12-trihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (trioxilin C 3 ). (elsevier.com)
In conclusion, trioxilin C 3 acid was isolated and identified as a novel biologically active arachidonic acid metabolite formed by rabbit aorta when 12-lipoxygenase is supplied exogenously. (elsevier.com)
[2] [3] When formed in cells, 12 R -HpETE may be quickly reduced to its hydroxyl analog (OH), 12( R )-hydroxy-5' Z ,8 Z ,10 E ,14 Z -eicosatetraenoic acid (also termed 12( R )-HETE or 12 R -HETE), by ubiquitous peroxidase -type enzymes. (wikimd.com)
a) 9 R ,10 R -trans- epoxide ,13 R -hydroxy-10 E -octadecenoic acid, b) 9-keto-10 E ,12 Z -octadecadienoic acid, and c) 9 R ,10 R -trans-epoxy-13-keto-11 E -octadecenoic acid. (wikimd.com)
A trienoic fatty acid, that is octadecanoic acid containing double bonds at positions 9, 12 and 15 and a triple bond at position 6. (zfin.org)
All.simulation results of curcumin and its analogs have shown lower binding affinitycompared to arachidonate acid (natural ligand of 12-Lipoxygenase) and ibuprofen which act as competitive inhibitors.Enol curcumin has been found tohave the best score of Gibbs free energy ∆G = -8.4 kcal/mol. (ipb.ac.id)
It contains the recipe for making a protein called 5-Lipoxygenase (5L), which also makes leukotrienes from arachidonic acid. (asthma.net)
The mass spectra matched previously published mass spectra for 12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraeinoic acid and 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid. (wustl.edu)
First, molecular oxygen (O 2 ) is added to carbon 12 of arachidonic acid (i.e. 5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid) and concurrently the 8 Z double bond in this arachidonate moves to the 9 E position to form the intermediate product, 12 S -hydroperoxy-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (i.e. 12 S -hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid or 12 S -HpETE). (wikipedia.org)
When acting on GLA, arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase produces no leukotrienes and the conversion by the enzyme of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes is inhibited. (wikipedia.org)
Diabetic wild-type mice displayed increased sciatic nerve 12/15-lipoxygenase and 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid levels. (uthscsa.edu)
The notion that the inhibitory effect of AA is mediated by CYP-epoxygenase-dependent metabolites is also supported by the observation that application of 200 nM 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) inhibited ENaC in the CCD. (rupress.org)
Rosmarinic Acid seems to be able to suppress 5-lipoxygenase and 5-HETE synthesis (a pro-inflammatory compound in the omega-6 metabolic chain). (examine.com)

Regulatory effects of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase on hepatic microsomal TG transfer protein activity and VLDL-triglyceride and apoB secretion in obese mice. (mousemine.org)

Overall curcumin and its analogs have shown potential as stable Inhibitors for 12-Lipoxygenase and able to block the production of Leukotrien and 12-HETE which responsible for inflammation. (ipb.ac.id)
This should be considered in the selection of endpoints for future clinical trials of 12/15-lipoxygenase inhibitors. (uthscsa.edu)

Pharmacological inhibition of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase ameliorates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in multiple species. (nih.gov)
Inhibition of 12/15-LOX activity and ceramide pattern in the murine brain. (edu.pl)
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY***** Sumner H Salan U Knight DW Hoult JR Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase in leukocytes by feverfew. (henriettesherbal.com)
Moreover, expression of the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) enzyme was not detected in epithelial cells, and inhibition of this enzyme blocked NF-κB induction by IL-1β only in lymphoid cells. (elsevier.com)
Moreover, inhibition of either cyclooxygenase (COX) with indomethacin or cytochrome P450 (CYP) ω-hydroxylation with N -methylsulfonyl-12,12-dibromododec-11-enamide (DDMS) failed to abolish the effect of AA on ENaC. (rupress.org)

Docking simulations of curcumin and its analogs have been conducted on 12-Lipoxygenase receptor enzyme. (ipb.ac.id)
Semi-flexibledocking simulation has been performed using AutoDock Vina.This research is aimed to find the most stable compounds of curcumin that bind with 12-Lipoxygenase enzyme. (ipb.ac.id)
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Fibroblast Growth Factor 12 (FGF12) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (kits-elisa.com)

In the peripheral tissues, endocannabinoids are involved in endocrine regulation and energy balance [ 11 ] , as well as regulating the function of innate and adaptive immune system and immune response [ 12 ] , regulating cell migration and apoptosis. (encyclopedia.pub)

Biochemical and immunohistochemical evidence for selective expression of novel epithelial lipoxygenases. (wikigenes.org)

12(S)-HETE is a bioactive lipid implicated in angiogenesis, growth, and metastasic action in tumor cell lines and in animal models. (sigmaaldrich.com)

в журнале Frontiers in pharmacology , издательство Frontiers Media] ([Lausanne, Switzerland) , том 12, с. (ac.ru)

Sub-primate mammals, such as the mouse, rat, rabbit, cow, and pig, express platelet type 12-lipoxygenase but also a leukocyte type 12-lipoxygenase (also termed 12/15-lipoxygenase, 12/15-LOX or 12/15-LO) which is an ortholog of, and metabolically equivalent to, human 15-LO-1 in that it forms predominantly 15(S)-HpETE with 12(S)-HpETE as a minor product. (wikipedia.org)

12/15-lipoxygenase gene deficiency did not affect weight gain or blood glucose concentrations. (uthscsa.edu)

Control and streptozotocin-diabetic wildtype and 12/15-lipoxygenase-deficient mice were maintained for 14 to 16 weeks. (uthscsa.edu)
The frequencies of superior mesenteric-celiac ganglion neuritic dystrophy, the hallmark of diabetic autonomic neuropathy in mouse prevertebral sympathetic ganglia, were increased 14.8-fold and 17.2-fold in diabetic wild-type and 12/15-lipoxygenase-deficient mice, respectively. (uthscsa.edu)

2019 Dec;46(12):777-779. (cdc.gov)

Characterization of a methyljasmonate-inducible lipoxygenase from barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. (ipb-halle.de)

Sub-human primates, although not extensively examined, appear to have 12-lipoxygenase expression patterns that resemble those of sub-primate mammals or humans depending on the closeness of there genetic relatedness to these species. (wikipedia.org)

12/15-lipoxygenase deficiency prevented or alleviated diabetes-induced thermal hypoalgesia, tactile allodynia, motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity deficits, and reduction in tibial nerve myelinated fiber diameter, but not intraepidermal nerve fiber loss. (uthscsa.edu)

Acetylcysteine is a cysteine precursor, prevents hemin-induced ferroptosis by neutralizing toxic lipids generated by arachidonate-dependent activity of 5-lipoxygenases. (medchemexpress.com)

Epub 2009 Jun 12. (greenmedinfo.com)

The fld mutation maps near to but distinct from the Apob locus on mouse chromosome 12. (mousemine.org)

According to a study published in the June issue of Neurology (64, 12:2040-2045), the risk of developing Parkinson's disease may be reduced by a high intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). (inflammationsolutions.com)

Second, the R , S versus S , R chirality of the epoxide residue in these earlier studies likewise goes undefined and given with, for example, HxB3 as 11,12-epoxide. (wikipedia.org)

Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase in human corneal epithelium and 12- and 15-lipoxygenases in bovine corneal epithelium: comparison with other bovine 12-lipoxygenases. (wikigenes.org)

Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Mouse Fibroblast Growth Factor 12 (FGF12) in samples from serum, plasma or other biological fluids. (kits-elisa.com)
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human Fibroblast growth factor 12 (FGF12) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates. (kits-elisa.com)

12 Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology and Tumor Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Marchioninistr. (nih.gov)

Alteration in 12-LOX expression or activity has been reported in various carcinomas including prostate carcinoma. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Anatomy27

Organisms11

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs169

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes24

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science3

cDNA cloning of 15-lipoxygenase type 2 and 12-lipoxygenases of bovine corneal epithelium. (1/375)

Murine 12(R)-lipoxygenase: functional expression, genomic structure and chromosomal localization. (2/375)

Tissue-specific translational regulation of alternative rabbit 15-lipoxygenase mRNAs differing in their 3'-untranslated regions. (3/375)

Effects of mutant p53 expression on human 15-lipoxygenase-promoter activity and murine 12/15-lipoxygenase gene expression: evidence that 15-lipoxygenase is a mutator gene. (4/375)

Albumin modifies the metabolism of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids via 12-lipoxygenase in human platelets. (5/375)

Relationship of arachidonic acid metabolizing enzyme expression in epithelial cancer cell lines to the growth effect of selective biochemical inhibitors. (6/375)

Resistance to type 1 diabetes induction in 12-lipoxygenase knockout mice. (7/375)

Evidence for 12-lipoxygenase induction in the vessel wall following balloon injury. (8/375)

Lipoxygenase

Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase

Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase

Lipoxygenase Inhibitors

Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase

Arachidonate Lipoxygenases

Arachidonic Acid

Arachidonic Acids

12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid

Leukotrienes

Masoprocol

5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins

4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

Leukotriene B4

Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids

Linoleic Acids

Calcimycin

Phospholipases A

5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid

Phospholipases A2

Eicosanoids

Leukotriene A4

Indomethacin

Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases

Eicosanoic Acids

Linoleic Acid

SRS-A

Blood Platelets

Thromboxane B2

Prostaglandins E

Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors

Prostaglandins

Lipid Peroxides

Phospholipids

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

Dinoprostone

Neutrophils

Fatty Acids

Quinacrine

Phospholipases

Fatty Acids, Unsaturated

Thromboxanes

Kinetics

Platelet Activating Factor

Fatty Acids, Essential

Epoprostenol

Flavanones

Phosphatidylinositols

Lipoxins

8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid

Phosphatidylcholines

Linolenic Acids

Cyclooxygenase 1

Leukocytes

Rabbits

Soybeans

Platelet Aggregation

Leukotriene C4

Thrombin

Cells, Cultured

Pyrazoles

Group IV Phospholipases A2

Bradykinin

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Zymosan

N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine

Cytosol

Enzyme Activation

Leukotriene Antagonists

Isoenzymes

Lysophosphatidylcholines

Ionophores

Phosphatidic Acids

Thromboxane-A Synthase

Epoxide Hydrolases

Esterification

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha

Calcium

Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic

Cyclooxygenase 2