Aquaporin 1. Medical search

Aquaporin 1 forms a water-specific channel that is constitutively expressed at the PLASMA MEMBRANE of ERYTHROCYTES and KIDNEY TUBULES, PROXIMAL. It provides these cells with a high permeability to WATER. In humans polymorphisms of this protein result in the Colton blood group antigen.

Aquaporin 5 is a water-specific channel protein that is expressed primarily in alveolar, tracheal, and upper bronchial EPITHELIUM. It plays an important role in maintaining water HOMEOSTASIS in the LUNGS and may also regulate release of SALIVA and TEARS in the SALIVARY GLANDS and the LACRIMAL GLAND.

Aquaporin 3 is an aquaglyceroporin that is expressed in the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS and is constitutively localized at the basolateral MEMBRANE.

Aquaporin 4 is the major water-selective channel in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM of mammals.

A class of porins that allow the passage of WATER and other small molecules across CELL MEMBRANES.

Aquaporin 2 is a water-specific channel protein that is expressed in KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS. The translocation of aquaporin 2 to the apical PLASMA MEMBRANE is regulated by VASOPRESSIN, and MUTATIONS in AQP2 have been implicated in a variety of kidney disorders including DIABETES INSIPIDUS.

Aquaporin 6 is an aquaglyceroporin that is found primarily in KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS. AQP6 protein functions as an anion-selective channel.

A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Mercury chloride (HgCl2). A highly toxic compound that volatizes slightly at ordinary temperature and appreciably at 100 degrees C. It is corrosive to mucous membranes and used as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant.

Tendency of fluids (e.g., water) to move from the less concentrated to the more concentrated side of a semipermeable membrane.

A subgroup of aquaporins that transport WATER; GLYCEROL; and other small solutes across CELL MEMBRANES.

Sets of cell surface antigens located on BLOOD CELLS. They are usually membrane GLYCOPROTEINS or GLYCOLIPIDS that are antigenically distinguished by their carbohydrate moieties.

The balance of fluid in the BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS; total BODY WATER; BLOOD VOLUME; EXTRACELLULAR SPACE; INTRACELLULAR SPACE, maintained by processes in the body that regulate the intake and excretion of WATER and ELECTROLYTES, particularly SODIUM and POTASSIUM.

A trihydroxy sugar alcohol that is an intermediate in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. It is used as a solvent, emollient, pharmaceutical agent, and sweetening agent.

Property of membranes and other structures to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabolites, and mineral ions.

A quality of cell membranes which permits the passage of solvents and solutes into and out of cells.

The loss of water vapor by plants to the atmosphere. It occurs mainly from the leaves through pores (stomata) whose primary function is gas exchange. The water is replaced by a continuous column of water moving upwards from the roots within the xylem vessels. (Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

Straight tubes commencing in the radiate part of the kidney cortex where they receive the curved ends of the distal convoluted tubules. In the medulla the collecting tubules of each pyramid converge to join a central tube (duct of Bellini) which opens on the summit of the papilla.

The ability of the kidney to excrete in the urine high concentrations of solutes from the blood plasma.

A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder characterized by persistent hypotonic urine and HYPOKALEMIA. This condition is due to renal tubular insensitivity to VASOPRESSIN and failure to reduce urine volume. It may be the result of mutations of genes encoding VASOPRESSIN RECEPTORS or AQUAPORIN-2; KIDNEY DISEASES; adverse drug effects; or complications from PREGNANCY.

Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.

Gated, ion-selective glycoproteins that traverse membranes. The stimulus for ION CHANNEL GATING can be due to a variety of stimuli such as LIGANDS, a TRANSMEMBRANE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE, mechanical deformation or through INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS.

A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS; MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4.

Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS).

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

The commonest and widest ranging species of the clawed "frog" (Xenopus) in Africa. This species is used extensively in research. There is now a significant population in California derived from escaped laboratory animals.

The pressure required to prevent the passage of solvent through a semipermeable membrane that separates a pure solvent from a solution of the solvent and solute or that separates different concentrations of a solution. It is proportional to the osmolality of the solution.

Female germ cells derived from OOGONIA and termed OOCYTES when they enter MEIOSIS. The primary oocytes begin meiosis but are arrested at the diplotene state until OVULATION at PUBERTY to give rise to haploid secondary oocytes or ova (OVUM).

Agents that reduce the excretion of URINE, most notably the octapeptide VASOPRESSINS.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain tuliposides and tulipalins and have been associated with allergic contact dermatitis in florists.

The contribution to barometric PRESSURE of gaseous substance in equilibrium with its solid or liquid phase.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. The common name of rock rose is used with several plants of this family.

The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)

Inorganic compounds that contain mercury as an integral part of the molecule.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

A transparent, biconvex structure of the EYE, enclosed in a capsule and situated behind the IRIS and in front of the vitreous humor (VITREOUS BODY). It is slightly overlapped at its margin by the ciliary processes. Adaptation by the CILIARY BODY is crucial for OCULAR ACCOMMODATION.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.

Fluids composed mainly of water found within the body.

Drugs used for their effects on the kidneys' regulation of body fluid composition and volume. The most commonly used are the diuretics. Also included are drugs used for their antidiuretic and uricosuric actions, for their effects on the kidneys' clearance of other drugs, and for diagnosis of renal function.

The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. Osmolality is expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent.

Antidiuretic hormones released by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS of all vertebrates (structure varies with species) to regulate water balance and OSMOLARITY. In general, vasopressin is a nonapeptide consisting of a six-amino-acid ring with a cysteine 1 to cysteine 6 disulfide bridge or an octapeptide containing a CYSTINE. All mammals have arginine vasopressin except the pig with a lysine at position 8. Vasopressin, a vasoconstrictor, acts on the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS to increase water reabsorption, increase blood volume and blood pressure.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

A phylum of fungi that are mutualistic symbionts and form ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE with PLANT ROOTS.

A type of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY in which the object is examined directly by an extremely narrow electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point and using the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen to create the image. It should not be confused with SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.

Glands that secrete SALIVA in the MOUTH. There are three pairs of salivary glands (PAROTID GLAND; SUBLINGUAL GLAND; SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND).

The body of a fungus which is made up of HYPHAE.

A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VASOPRESSIN receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating FACTOR VIII and VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.

A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.

Large and highly vacuolated cells possessing many chloroplasts occuring in the interior cross-section of leaves, juxtaposed between the epidermal layers.

A plant genus of the family AIZOACEAE. It is a native of Africa and widely planted for erosion control to stabilize soil along roadsides and beaches.

The internal portion of the kidney, consisting of striated conical masses, the renal pyramids, whose bases are adjacent to the cortex and whose apices form prominent papillae projecting into the lumen of the minor calyces.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

One of two salivary glands in the neck, located in the space bound by the two bellies of the digastric muscle and the angle of the mandible. It discharges through the submandibular duct. The secretory units are predominantly serous although a few mucous alveoli, some with serous demilunes, occur. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Specific molecular sites or proteins on or in cells to which VASOPRESSINS bind or interact in order to modify the function of the cells. Two types of vasopressin receptor exist, the V1 receptor in the vascular smooth muscle and the V2 receptor in the kidneys. The V1 receptor can be subdivided into V1a and V1b (formerly V3) receptors.

Prolonged dry periods in natural climate cycle. They are slow-onset phenomena caused by rainfall deficit combined with other predisposing factors.

A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from "star" cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with "end feet" which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and "reactive astrocytes" (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

An aquatic genus of the family, Pipidae, occurring in Africa and distinguished by having black horny claws on three inner hind toes.

A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

A widely cultivated plant, native to Asia, having succulent, edible leaves eaten as a vegetable. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of glycerol 3-phosphate from ATP and glycerol. Dihydroxyacetone and L-glyceraldehyde can also act as acceptors; UTP and, in the case of the yeast enzyme, ITP and GTP can act as donors. It provides a way for glycerol derived from fats or glycerides to enter the glycolytic pathway. EC 2.7.1.30.

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.

Yeast-like ascomycetous fungi of the family Saccharomycetaceae, order SACCHAROMYCETALES isolated from exuded tree sap.

A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE known for the edible fruit.

A mutant strain of Rattus norvegicus used in research on renal function and hypertension and as a disease model for diabetes insipidus.

Closable openings in the epidermis of plants on the underside of leaves. They allow the exchange of gases between the internal tissues of the plant and the outside atmosphere.

Protein-lipid combinations abundant in brain tissue, but also present in a wide variety of animal and plant tissues. In contrast to lipoproteins, they are insoluble in water, but soluble in a chloroform-methanol mixture. The protein moiety has a high content of hydrophobic amino acids. The associated lipids consist of a mixture of GLYCEROPHOSPHATES; CEREBROSIDES; and SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS; while lipoproteins contain PHOSPHOLIPIDS; CHOLESTEROL; and TRIGLYCERIDES.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Hypertonic sodium chloride solution. A solution having an osmotic pressure greater than that of physiologic salt solution (0.9 g NaCl in 100 ml purified water).

A schistosomicide possibly useful against other parasites. It has irritant emetic properties and may cause lethal cardiac toxicity among other adverse effects.

Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Slender tubular or hairlike excretory structures found in insects. They emerge from the alimentary canal between the mesenteron (midgut) and the proctodeum (hindgut).

An intermediate filament protein found only in glial cells or cells of glial origin. MW 51,000.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

Synthetic transcripts of a specific DNA molecule or fragment, made by an in vitro transcription system. This cRNA can be labeled with radioactive uracil and then used as a probe. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.

Microscopy in which the samples are first stained immunocytochemically and then examined using an electron microscope. Immunoelectron microscopy is used extensively in diagnostic virology as part of very sensitive immunoassays.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

Liquids transforming into solids by the removal of heat.

Na-K-Cl transporter in the ASCENDING LIMB OF LOOP OF HENLE. It mediates active reabsorption of sodium chloride and is inhibited by LOOP DIURETICS such as FUROSEMIDE; and BUMETANIDE. Mutations in the gene encoding SLC12A1 are associated with a BARTTER SYNDROME.

A cytotoxic sulfhydryl reagent that inhibits several subcellular metabolic systems and is used as a tool in cellular physiology.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

A compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids.

Solutions that have a greater osmotic pressure than a reference solution such as blood, plasma, or interstitial fluid.

A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

The quantity of volume or surface area of CELLS.

An early embryo that is a compact mass of about 16 BLASTOMERES. It resembles a cluster of mulberries with two types of cells, outer cells and inner cells. Morula is the stage before BLASTULA in non-mammalian animals or a BLASTOCYST in mammals.

A subclass of symporters that specifically transport SODIUM CHLORIDE and/or POTASSIUM CHLORIDE across cellular membranes in a tightly coupled process.

Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

A plant genus of the family FAGACEAE that is a source of TANNINS. Do not confuse with Holly (ILEX).

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

A plant species of the family POACEAE. It is a tall grass grown for its EDIBLE GRAIN, corn, used as food and animal FODDER.

A computer simulation developed to study the motion of molecules over a period of time.

Adaptation to a new environment or to a change in the old.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

Starches that have been chemically modified so that a percentage of OH groups are substituted with 2-hydroxyethyl ether groups.

A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food.

Reduced water permeability and altered ultrastructure in thin descending limb of Henle in aquaporin-1 null mice. (1/469)

It has been controversial whether high water permeability in the thin descending limb of Henle (TDLH) is required for formation of a concentrated urine by the kidney. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy (FFEM) of rat TDLH has shown an exceptionally high density of intramembrane particles (IMPs), which were proposed to consist of tetramers of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) water channels. In this study, transepithelial osmotic water permeability (Pf) was measured in isolated perfused segments (0.5-1 mm) of TDLH in wild-type (+/+), AQP1 heterozygous (+/-), and AQP1 null (-/-) mice. Pf was measured at 37 degrees C using a 100 mM bath-to-lumen osmotic gradient of raffinose, and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran as the luminal volume marker. Pf was (in cm/s): 0.26 +/- 0.02 ([+/+]; SE, n = 9 tubules), 0.21 +/- 0.01 ([+/-]; n = 12), and 0.031 +/- 0.007 ([-/-]; n = 6) (P < 0.02, [+/+] vs. [+/-]; P < 0.0001, [+/+] vs. [-/-]). FFEM of kidney medulla showed remarkably fewer IMPs in TDLH from (-/-) vs. (+/+) and (+/-) mice. IMP densities were (in microm-2, SD, 5-12 micrographs): 5,880 +/- 238 (+/+); 5,780 +/- 450 (+/-); and 877 +/- 420 (-/-). IMP size distribution analysis revealed mean IMP diameters of 8.4 nm ([+/+] and [+/-]) and 5.2 nm ([-/-]). These results demonstrate that AQP1 is the principal water channel in TDLH and support the view that osmotic equilibration along TDLH by water transport plays a key role in the renal countercurrent concentrating mechanism. The similar Pf and AQP1 expression in TDLH of (+/+) and (+/-) mice was an unexpected finding that probably accounts for the unimpaired urinary concentrating ability in (+/-) mice. (+info)

Lung fluid transport in aquaporin-1 and aquaporin-4 knockout mice. (2/469)

The mammalian lung expresses water channel aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in microvascular endothelia and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) in airway epithelia. To test whether these water channels facilitate fluid movement between airspace, interstitial, and capillary compartments, we measured passive and active fluid transport in AQP1 and AQP4 knockout mice. Airspace-capillary osmotic water permeability (Pf) was measured in isolated perfused lungs by a pleural surface fluorescence method. Pf was remarkably reduced in AQP1 (-/-) mice (measured in cm/s x 0.001, SE, n = 5-10: 17 +/- 2 [+/+]; 6.6 +/- 0.6 AQP1 [+/-]; 1.7 +/- 0.3 AQP1 [-/-]; 12 +/- 1 AQP4 [-/-]). Microvascular endothelial water permeability, measured by a related pleural surface fluorescence method in which the airspace was filled with inert perfluorocarbon, was reduced more than 10-fold in AQP1 (-/-) vs. (+/+) mice. Hydrostatically induced lung interstitial and alveolar edema was measured by a gravimetric method and by direct measurement of extravascular lung water. Both approaches indicated a more than twofold reduction in lung water accumulation in AQP1 (-/-) vs. (+/+) mice in response to a 5- to 10-cm H2O increase in pulmonary artery pressure for five minutes. Active, near-isosmolar alveolar fluid absorption (Jv) was measured in in situ perfused lungs using 125I-albumin as an airspace fluid volume marker. Jv (measured in percent fluid uptake at 30 min, n = 5) in (+/+) mice was 6.0 +/- 0.6 (37 degrees C), increased to 16 +/- 1 by beta-agonists, and inhibited to less than 2.0 by amiloride, ouabain, or cooling to 23 degrees C. Jv (with isoproterenol) was not affected by aquaporin deletion (18.9 +/- 2.2 [+/+]; 16.4 +/- 1.5 AQP1 [-/-]; 16.3 +/- 1.7 AQP4 [-/-]). These results indicate that osmotically driven water transport across microvessels in adult lung occurs by a transcellular route through AQP1 water channels and that the microvascular endothelium is a significant barrier for airspace-capillary osmotic water transport. AQP1 facilitates hydrostatically driven lung edema but is not required for active near-isosmolar absorption of alveolar fluid. (+info)

Developmental expression of aquaporin 1 in the rat renal vasculature. (3/469)

Aquaporin 1 (AQP-1) is a water channel protein that is constitutively expressed in renal proximal tubule and descending thin limb cells as well as in endothelial cells of the descending vasa recta. Studies in the developing rat kidney have demonstrated that AQP-1 is expressed in renal tubules before birth. However, nothing is known about the expression of AQP-1 in the renal vasculature during kidney development. The purpose of this study was to establish the distribution of AQP-1 in the renal vasculature of the developing rat kidney and follow the differentiation of the vascular system during kidney development. Kidneys from 16-, 17-, 18-, and 20-day-old fetuses and 1-, 4-, 7-, 14-, 21-, and 28-day-old pups were preserved and processed for immunohistochemical studies using a preembedding immunoperoxidase procedure. AQP-1 immunoreactivity was detected using affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibodies to AQP-1. AQP-1 was expressed throughout the arterial portion of the renal vasculature of the fetal and neonatal kidney from gestational age 17 days to 1 wk after birth. AQP-1 immunoreactivity gradually disappeared from the renal vasculature between 1 and 2 wk of age and remained only in the descending vasa recta. In contrast, AQP-1 immunoreactivity was not observed in lymphatic vessels until 3 wk of age and persisted in the adult kidney. AQP-1 was also expressed in a population of interstitial cells in the terminal part of the renal papilla at 3 wk of age as well as in the adult kidney. The transient expression of AQP-1 in the arterial portion of the renal vasculature in the developing rat kidney suggests that AQP-1 is important for fluid equilibrium and/or drainage in the developing kidney or, alternatively, plays a role in the regulation of growth and/or branching of the vascular tree during kidney development. (+info)

Molecular identification and immunolocalization of the water channel protein aquaporin 1 in CBCECs. (4/469)

PURPOSE: Water channel proteins are important pathways for water movements across cell membranes, including those in the corneal endothelium that contribute to the fluid transport mechanism essential in maintaining corneal transparency. This study was conducted to identify and locate the water channel protein(s) in cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells (CBCECs). METHODS: Poly(A)+ RNA was isolated from CBCECs, and MMLV reverse transcriptase and random hexamer primers were used to generate a cDNA pool by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Two specific degenerate primers were synthesized based on consensus sequences from the major intrinsic lens protein superfamily; a "touchdown" PCR protocol accommodated the degeneracy. Immunolocalization was performed by incubating sections of CBCECs with an antibody against human aquaporin 1 (AQP1). Cryosections (0.85 microm) of CBCECs were used for light microscopy, and 800-A ultrathin cryosections were used for electron microscopy (EM). RESULTS: A 372-bp fragment was isolated. Its encoded amino acid sequence was 100% identical with that of bovine AQP1 (AQP2_bovin). CBCECs reacted strongly with the anti-AQP1 antibody, and the labeling was selectively localized to the plasma membrane by light microscopy. Subcellular localization by EM revealed immunoreactivity with the inner leaflets of the plasma membrane. CONCLUSIONS: The identity of the aquaporin, its abundance, and its membrane location suggest that it is a major pathway for fluid flow across endothelial cell membranes. This is consistent with transcellular endothelial fluid transport. (+info)

Novel method for evaluation of the oligomeric structure of membrane proteins. (5/469)

Assessment of the quaternary structure of membrane proteins by PAGE has been problematic owing to their relatively poor solubility in non-dissociative detergents. Here we report that several membrane proteins can be readily solubilized in their native quaternary structure with the use of the detergent perfluoro-octanoic acid (PFO). Further, PFO can be used with PAGE, thereby providing a novel, accessible tool with which to assess the molecular mass of homo-multimeric protein complexes. (+info)

Regulation of aquaporin-1 and nitric oxide synthase isoforms in a rat model of acute peritonitis. (6/469)

The loss of ultrafiltration (UF) that accompanies acute peritonitis is a common problem in peritoneal dialysis (PD). It has been suggested that changes in nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vascular tone and permeability might be involved in the loss of UF, whereas channel-mediated water permeability should not be affected. This study used a model of acute peritonitis in rats to characterize changes in PD parameters, in correlation with: (1) expression studies of water channel aquaporin-1 and NO synthase (NOS) isoforms and (2) enzymatic assays for NOS in the peritoneum. Compared with controls, rats with peritonitis had a higher removal of plasma urea, a faster glucose absorption, and a loss of UF. Additional changes, including high protein loss, elevated leukocyte counts in dialysate, positive bacterial cultures, edema, and mononuclear infiltrates, were similar to those observed in PD patients with acute peritonitis. Acute peritonitis in rats induced a major increase in total NOS activity, which was inversely correlated with free-water permeability. The increased NOS activity was mediated by both inducible (Ca2+-independent) and endothelial (Ca2+-dependent) NOS isoforms and was reflected by increased peritoneal staining for nitrotyrosine. In contrast, aquaporin-1 expression was unchanged in rats with peritonitis. These findings cast light on the pathophysiology of permeability changes and loss of UF that characterize acute peritonitis. In particular, these data suggest that a local production of NO, mediated by different NOS isoforms, might play a key role in these changes. (+info)

Micropuncture analysis of tubuloglomerular feedback regulation in transgenic mice. (7/469)

Micropuncture methods have been used widely as a means to define the function of single tubules and study the functional connection between tubules and afferent arterioles (so-called tubuloglomerular feedback [TGF]). Transgenic mouse strains have become a new research tool with the potential of shedding new light on the role of specific gene products in renal tubular and vascular function. The micropuncture approach has therefore been adapted to studies in the mouse kidney. Although the data presented here support the feasibility of using this technique in the mouse, technical improvements are desirable in the areas of anesthesia, ureteral urine collections, blood collections, volume replacement, and functional stability for extended time periods. During ketamine/inactin anesthesia, TGF responses could regularly be elicited in wild-type mice. In contrast, changes in loop flow did not alter stop-flow pressure in angiotensin II type 1A receptor and angiotensin-converting enzyme knockout mice. Infusion of angiotensin II in subpressor doses partially restored TGF responsiveness in angiotensin-converting enzyme knockout animals. Normal TGF responses compared to wild type were found in nitric oxide synthase I and thromboxane receptor knockout mice. Using free-flow micropuncture techniques, the proximal-distal single-nephron GFR difference was found to be augmented in aquaporin-1 and Na/H exchanger-3 knockout mice, suggesting TGF activation in these strains of mice. These results support an essential role of angiotensin II in TGF regulation mediated through the angiotensin II type 1A receptor. Chronic nitric oxide synthase I and thromboxane receptor deficiency did not change TGF responsiveness. Aquaporin-1 and Na/H exchanger-3 deficiency enhances TGF suppression of TGF probably by volume depletion-mediated TGF sensitization. The use of micropuncture methodology in transgenic mice combines old and new research tools in a way that promises to yield important new insights into single-nephron function in physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions. (+info)

Safety and efficacy of adenovirus-mediated transfer of the human aquaporin-1 cDNA to irradiated parotid glands of non-human primates. (8/469)

This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a single administration of a recombinant adenovirus encoding human aquaporin-1 (AdhAQP1) to the parotid glands of adult rhesus monkeys. In anticipation of possible clinical use of this virus to correct irradiation damage to salivary glands, AdhAQP1 was administered (at either 2 x 10(9) or 1 x 10(8) plaque-forming units/gland) intraductally to irradiated glands and to their contralateral nonirradiated glands. Radiation (single dose, 10 Gy) significantly reduced salivary flow in exposed glands. Virus administration resulted in gene transfer to irradiated and nonirradiated glands and was without untoward local (salivary) or systemic (sera chemistry, complete blood count) effects in all animals. However, the effect of AdhAQP1 administration varied and did not result in a consistent positive effect on salivary flow rates for all animals under these experimental conditions. We conclude that a single adenoviral-mediated gene transfer to primate salivary glands is well-tolerated, although its functional utility in enhancing fluid secretion from irradiated parotid glands is inconsistent. (+info)

The gene encoding this aquaporin is a possible candidate for disorders involving imbalance in ocular fluid movement. Aquaporin ... Aquaporin 1 (AQP-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AQP1 gene. AQP-1 is a widely expressed water channel, whose ... Aquaporins are a family of small integral membrane proteins related to the major intrinsic protein (MIP or AQP0). This gene ... Aquaporin and Blood Brain Barrier, Current Neuropharmacology from U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2010. Rauen K, Pop V, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaporin-1

This results in aquaporin-2 containing vesicles to increase water uptake and return to circulation. Mutation of the aquaporin 2 ... The gating of an aquaporin is carried out by an interaction between a gating mechanism and the aquaporin, which causes a 3D ... It was not until 1992 that the first aquaporin, 'aquaporin-1' (originally known as CHIP 28), was reported by Peter Agre, of ... There have been two clear examples of diseases identified as resulting from mutations in aquaporins: Mutations in the aquaporin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaporin

Aquaporin 3 is expressed more in atopic eczema. Recent studies indicate that aquaporin 3 is overexpressed in many types of ... Sasaki S, Ishibashi K, Marumo F (1998). "Aquaporin-2 and -3: representatives of two subgroups of the aquaporin family ... Aquaporin 3 (AQP-3) is the protein product of the human AQP3 gene. It is found in the basolateral cell membrane of principal ... 2005). "Roles of aquaporin-3 water channels in volume-regulatory water flow in a human epithelial cell line". J. Membr. Biol. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaporin-3

E. M. Müller, J. S. Hub, H. Grubmüller, and B. L. de Groot (2008). "Is TEA an inhibitor for human Aquaporin-1?" Pflügers Arch. ... It has also been reported that TEA inhibits aquaporin (APQ) channels, but this still seems to be a disputed issue. A partial ... 131-137 doi:10.1002/9780470132470.ch36 G. W. Parshall "Tetraethylammonium Trichlorogermanate(1−) and Trichlorostannate(1−)" ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetraethylammonium

The MIP superfamily includes three subfamilies: aquaporins, aquaglyceroporins and S-aquaporins. The aquaporins (AQPs) are water ... Aquaporin-1 (Aqp1) from the human red blood cell has been solved by electron crystallography to 3.8 Å resolution (PDB: 1FQY). ... Aquaporins generally have the NPA motif in both halves, the glycerol facilitators generally have an NPA motif in the first ... Roles of aquaporins in human cancer have been reviewed as have their folding pathways. AQPs may act as transmembrane ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_intrinsic_proteins

Defines the Diego Blood Group; Aquaporin 1 - water transporter, defines the Colton Blood Group; Glut1 - glucose and L- ... 6-1 Uptake and Delivery of the Respiratory Gasses". In Brobeck, John R., PhD, M.D. (ed.). Best & Taylor's Physiological basis ... Kesava, Shobana (1 September 2007). "Red blood cells do more than just carry oxygen; New findings by NUS team show they ... 35 (1): 43-57. doi:10.1016/j.cll.2014.10.002. PMC 4717490. PMID 25676371. Lang F, Lang E, Föller M (2012). "Physiology and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell

Evidence for a secretin-induced vesicular translocation of aquaporin-1". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (20): 12984-8 ... translocation of aquaporin 2, or both are found. It has been suggested that "Secretin as a neurosecretory hormone from the ... "Secretin promotes osmotic water transport in rat cholangiocytes by increasing aquaporin-1 water channels in plasma membrane. ... 127 (1): 43-54. doi:10.1002/ijc.25028. PMID 19904746. S2CID 2789418. Lee LT, Tan-Un KC, Pang RT, Lam DT, Chow BK (2004). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretin

... is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AQP8 gene. Aquaporin-8 (AQP-8) is a water channel protein. Aquaporins ... "Entrez Gene: AQP8 aquaporin 8". Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of ... 2007). "Aquaporin-8 expression is reduced in ileum and induced in colon of patients with ulcerative colitis". World J. ... Wang S, Chen J, Au KT, Ross MG (2003). "Expression of aquaporin 8 and its up-regulation by cyclic adenosine monophosphate in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaporin-8

July 2009). "Aquaporin-4 autoimmune syndrome and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-negative opticospinal multiple sclerosis in Japanese ... The presence of anti-MOG autoantibodies has been associated with the following conditions Some cases of aquaporin-4- ... Vojdani A, Mukherjee PS, Berookhim J, Kharrazian D (2015). "Detection of Antibodies against Human and Plant Aquaporins in ... Tzartos JS, Stergiou C, Kilidireas K, Zisimopoulou P, Thomaidis T, Tzartos SJ (2013). "Anti-aquaporin-1 autoantibodies in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammatory_demyelinating_diseases_of_the_central_nervous_system

In 2005 they identified the aquaporin 4 protein as the target of the disease, and developed the first in-house test to aid in ... In more than 80% of cases, IgG autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (anti-AQP4+) are the cause, and in 10-40% of the remaining ... In more than 80% of cases, NMO is caused by immunoglobulin G autoantibodies to aquaporin 4 (anti-AQP4), the most abundant water ... Some authors propose to use the name "autoimmune aquaporin-4 channelopathy" for these diseases, while others prefer a more ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromyelitis_optica_spectrum_disorder

... and AQP3 are at the same chromosomal location suggesting that 9p13 may be a site of an aquaporin cluster. Aquaporin ... Aquaporin-7 (AQP-7) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AQP7 gene. Aquaporins/major intrinsic proteins (MIP) are a ... "Entrez Gene: AQP7 aquaporin 7". Dibas AI, Mia AJ, Yorio T (1998). "Aquaporins (water channels): role in vasopressin-activated ... Aquaporin-7 has greater sequence similarity with AQP3 and AQP9 and they may be a subfamily. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaporin-7

... (AQP-9) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AQP9 gene. The aquaporins/major intrinsic protein are a ... Aquaporin-9 has greater sequence similarity with AQP3 and AQP7 and they may be a subfamily. Aquaporin-9 allows passage of a ... "Entrez Gene: AQP9 aquaporin 9". Ishibashi K, Kuwahara M, Gu Y, et al. (1998). "Cloning and functional expression of a new ... 2003). "Aquaporin-9 is expressed in a mucus-secreting goblet cell subset in the small intestine". FEBS Lett. 540 (1-3): 157-62 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaporin-9

... (AQP-5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AQP5 gene. Aquaporin-5 (AQP-5) is a water channel protein. ... Aquaporins are a family of small integral membrane proteins related to the major intrinsic protein (MIP or AQP0). Aquaporin-5 ... "Entrez Gene: AQP5 aquaporin 5". Verkman AS (2003). "Role of aquaporin water channels in eye function". Exp. Eye Res. 76 (2): ... 2003). "Distribution of aquaporin water channels AQP1 and AQP5 in the ductal system of the human pancreas". Gut. 52 (7): 1008- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaporin-5

The expression of aquaporin 4 is reliant on the disease stage of TBI. In an acute stage of TBI, the lack of aquaporin 4 causes ... Aquaporin-4, also known as AQP-4, is a water channel protein encoded by the AQP4 gene in humans. AQP-4 belongs to the aquaporin ... Aquaporin-4 is the most common aquaporin in the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve. It is highly expressed in the human body ... Aquaporin-4 is essential in the formation of memory as well as synaptic plasticity. Other performances that aquaporin-4 is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaporin-4

It is the only aquaporin regulated by vasopressin. The basic job of aquaporin 2 is to reabsorb water from the urine while its ... This aquaporin is also regulated by food intake. Fasting reduces expression of this aquaporin independently of vasopressin. ... so the aquaporin 2 can be used by the cell. This aquaporin is regulated in two ways by the peptide hormone vasopressin: short- ... Aquaporin-2 (AQP-2) is found in the apical cell membranes of the kidney's collecting duct principal cells and in intracellular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaporin-2

Agre, P.; King, L. S.; Yasui, M.; Guggino, W. B.; Ottersen, O. P.; Fujiyoshi, Y.; Engel, A.; Nielsen, S. (2002). "Aquaporin ... Fujiyoshi and Engel solved the structure of Aquaporin-1 in collaboration with Agre. Together with Palczewski Engel's team ... 177 (1): 3-13. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2011.11.013. PMID 22115996. "Farewell Symposium for Andreas Engel". unibas.ch. Archived from ... 542 (1): 3-16. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2002.020818. PMC 2290382. PMID 12096044. "Structure of the rhodopsin dimer: a working model ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas_Engel

"Aquaporin-1 promotes angiogenesis, fibrosis, and portal hypertension through mechanisms dependent on osmotically sensitive ... 70 (1): 36-45. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-3153. PMID 20028859. Schotte D, Chau JC, Sylvester G, Liu G, Chen C, van der Velden ... miR-708 is located on chromosome 11q14.1 and is endcoded in intron 1 of the ODZ4 gene. It is most highly expressed in the brain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-708_microRNA_precursor_family

... and aquaporin-1 in human erythrocyte membrane domains". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes. 1828 (3): 956-66. ... GLUT 1 of humans and mice have 98% identity at the amino acid level. GLUT 1 is encoded by the SLC2 gene and is one of a family ... The SLC2A1 gene is located on the p arm of chromosome 1 in position 34.2 and has 10 exons spanning 33,802 base pairs. The gene ... Glucose transporter 1 (or GLUT1), also known as solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1 (SLC2A1), is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLUT1

Horng, J.L.; Chao, P.L.; Chen, P.Y.; Shih, T.H.; Lin, L.Y. (2015). "Aquaporin 1 Is Involved in Acid Secretion by Ionocytes of ... Li, S.; Liu, J.; An, Y.; Cao, Y.; Liu, Y.; Zhang, J.; Geng, J.; Hu, T.; Yang, P. (2019). "MsPIP2;2, a novel aquaporin gene from ... 19 (1): 89. doi:10.1186/s12870-019-1674-5. PMC 6394093. PMID 30819104. Zhang, Z.Y.; Wang, W.J.; Pan, L.J.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z.M ... ISBN 1-58603-083-3. Yang, C.; Fang, S.; Chen, D.; Wang, J.; Liu, F.; Xia, C. (2015). "The possible role of bacterial signal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-invasive_micro-test_technology

Shanahan, CM (1999). "Aquaporin-1 is expressed by vascular smooth muscle cells and mediates rapid water transport across ... 1999 Aquaporin-1 is expressed by vascular smooth muscle cells and mediates rapid water transport across vascular cell membranes ... doi:10.1385/1-59259-240-6:201. ISBN 1-59259-240-6. PMID 11968489. "AstraZeneca to buy CAT for £702m". News.bbc.co.uk. 15 May ... Retrieved 1 August 2019. "The Record 1988". Issuu.com. Retrieved 1 August 2019. Osbourn, J. K.; Watts, J. W.; Beachy, R. N.; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Osbourn

"In vivo requirement of the alpha-syntrophin PDZ domain for the sarcolemmal localization of nNOS and aquaporin-4". J. Cell Biol ... and Aquaporin 4. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000101400 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027488 ... "Syntrophin-dependent expression and localization of Aquaporin-4 water channel protein". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (24): ... "Syntrophin-dependent expression and localization of Aquaporin-4 water channel protein". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (24): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntrophin,_alpha_1

Proteins found in the tonoplast (aquaporins) control the flow of water into and out of the vacuole through active transport, ... "Acceleration of vacuolar regeneration and cell growth by overexpression of an aquaporin NtTIP1;1 in tobacco BY-2 cells". Plant ... 1. pp. 295-298. doi:10.1007/3-540-33774-1_10. ISBN 978-3-540-26205-3. Brooker RJ, Widmaier EP, Graham LE, Stiling PD (2007). ... 1. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd. Thomas Boller Archived 2013-12-06 at the Wayback Machine. Plantbiology.unibas.ch. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuole

The Co antigen is found on a protein called aquaporin-1 which is responsible for water homeostasis and urine concentration. The ... Agre P.Defective urinary-concentrating ability due to a complete deficiency of aquaporin-1. N Engl J Med. 2001 Jul 19;345(3): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colton_antigen_system

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2007.04.002 Uehlein, N., & Kaldenhoff, R. (2007). Aquaporins and Plant Leaf Movements. Annals ... ISBN 978-0-12-614445-1 Galston, A. W. (1974). Plant Photobiology in the Last Half-Century. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 54(4), 427-436. ... 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcm278 Sage, L. C. (1992). Pigment of the Imagination: A History of Phytochrome Research. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Lyttle_Satter

Aquaporin 4 in Müller cells in rats transports water to the vitreous body. The vitreous has many anatomical landmarks, ... "Aquaporin-4 water channel protein in the rat retina and optic nerve: polarized expression in Müller cells and fibrous ... Nagelhus, EA; Veruki, ML; Torp, R; Haug, FM; Laake, JH; Nielsen, S; Agre, P; Ottersen, OP (1 April 1998). " ... 1 March 2016. Velpandian, Thirumurthy (29 February 2016). Pharmacology of Ocular Therapeutics. Springer. ISBN 9783319254982 - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitreous_body

Yang B, Verkman AS (September 2002). "Analysis of double knockout mice lacking aquaporin-1 and urea transporter UT-B. Evidence ... UT-1 is activated by ADH, but is a passive transporter. It reabsorbs up to 70% of the original filtered load of urea. Urea ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urea_transporter

Agre was recognized for his discovery of aquaporin water channels. Aquaporins are water-channel proteins that move water ... Aquaporins are "the plumbing system for cells," said Agre. Every cell is primarily water. "But the water doesn't just sit in ... The 28 kDa protein is now known as aquaporin-1 (abbreviated AQP1), the archetypal member of a large family of water channel ... Permeated by water, aquaporins are required for generation of cerebrospinal fluid, aqueous humour, tears, sweat, saliva, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Agre

Around active NMO lesions AQP4 may selectively be lost in the absence of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) loss or other structural damage ( ... 28 (1): 84-94. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1019130. PMID 18256989. Misu T, Höftberger R, Fujihara K, Wimmer I, Takai Y, Nishiyama S, ... 255 (1): 1-10. doi:10.1007/s00415-007-0754-x. PMID 18004634. S2CID 1411872. Garrido C, Levy-Gomes A, Teixeira J, Temudo T (2004 ... 183 (1-2): 168-74. doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.09.008. PMID 17084910. S2CID 41262535. Jilek S, Schluep M, Rossetti AO, et al. ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesional_demyelinations_of_the_central_nervous_system

Lindsay, L. A., & Murphy, C. R. (2006). Redistribution of aquaporins 1 and 5 in the rat uterus is dependent on progesterone: a ... Lindsay, L. A., & Murphy, C. R. (2004). Redistribution of aquaporins in uterine epithelial cells at the time of implantation in ... Cell Physiology, 283(1), C142-C147. Enders, A. C., & Nelson, D. M. (1973). Pinocytotic activity of the uterus of the rat. ... The Journal of membrane biology, 206(1), 17-28. Tsang, L. L., Chan, L. N., Wang, X. F., So, S. C., Yuen, J. P., Fiscus, R. R ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterine_epithelium

Zheng X, Bollinger Bollag W (December 2003). "Aquaporin 3 colocates with phospholipase d2 in caveolin-rich membrane ... Caveolin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CAV1 gene. The scaffolding protein encoded by this gene is the main ... Caveolin 1 has been shown to interact with heterotrimeric G proteins, Src tyrosine kinases (Src, Lyn) and H-Ras,cholesterol,TGF ... 271 (1): 568-73. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.1.568. PMID 8550621. Razani B, Zhang XL, Bitzer M, von Gersdorff G, Böttinger EP, Lisanti ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caveolin_1

Aquaporins are membrane proteins that selectively conduct water molecules while preventing the passage of ions and other ... ADH affects the function of aquaporins, resulting in the reabsorption of water molecules as it passes through the collecting ... ISBN 978-1-4160-2328-9. Mitchell B, Sharma R (2009). Embriology (2nd ed.). Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. Kuro-O M (January ... A healthy adult has 1 to 1.5 million nephrons in each kidney.: 22 Blood is filtered as it passes through three layers: the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephron

Potassium absorption has a positive correlation with aquaporins and the uptake of water in plant cells via cell membrane ... ISBN 978-1-319-38147-9. OCLC 1333920083. Weinberg ED (February 1996). "The role of iron in cancer". European Journal of Cancer ... 1055: 1-20. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90143-5_1. ISBN 978-3-319-90143-5. PMID 29884959. S2CID 46997332. Banci L, ed. (2013). ... 5 (1): 19-36. JSTOR 45074238. PMID 8664805. Lippard SJ (1994). "Metals in Medicine". Bioinorganic Chemistry (PDF). pp. 505-83. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biometal_(biology)

Subsequent research by Nedergaard and colleagues has revealed that the aquaporin-4 water channel protein plays a crucial role ... doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30318-1. PMC 6261373. PMID 30353860. "Nedergaard Lab". University of Rochester Medical Center. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maiken_Nedergaard

... aquaporin - archaea - arginine - argipressin - aromatic amine - aromatic compound - arrestin - Arrhenius equation - aryl ... IGF type 1 receptor - IGF type 2 receptor - IgG - IgM - immediate-early protein - immune cell - immune system - immunoglobulin ... alpha-1 adrenergic receptor - alpha-2 adrenergic receptor - alpha-beta T-cell antigen receptor - alpha-fetoprotein - alpha- ... endothelin-1 - energy decomposition cycles - energy level - enhancer - enkephalin - enthalpy - entomology - entropy - env gene ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_biochemistry_articles

Marlar S, Jensen HH, Login FH, Nejsum LN (October 2017). "Aquaporin-3 in Cancer". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. ... aquaporin 3, is a water channel that when overexpressed is thought to promote the progression and spread of various types of ... Overall median and 1 year survival rates in a series of 28 patients treated with chemotherapy for PEL were 6.2 months and 39.3 ... 35 (1): 94-6. doi:10.1093/ageing/afj009. PMID 16364944. Kubota T, Sasaki Y, Shiozawa E, Takimoto M, Hishima T, Chong JM ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_effusion_lymphoma

To help conserve water they produce very concentrated urine, via a process apparently associated with expression of aquaporin 1 ... 117 (1): 211-213. doi:10.2307/2425723. JSTOR 2425723. Patton, J.L. (2005). "Family Heteromyidae". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M ... Offspring remain in the mound for 1-6 more months in the maternal caches. Family Heteromyidae Subfamily Dipodomyinae Dipodomys ... Garrison, T.E.; Best, T.L. (April 1990). "Dipodomys ordii". Mammalian Species (353): 1-10. doi:10.2307/3504290. JSTOR 3504290. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangaroo_rat

... for Aquaporin Membrane water purification and desalination technology). He was named a Bill & Melinda Gates Grand Challenge ... Xi, Jianzhong; Schmidt, Jacob J.; Montemagno, Carlo D. (1 February 2005). "Self-assembled microdevices driven by muscle". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Montemagno

... possible role in aquaporin-2 trafficking". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 98 (4): 906-13. doi:10.1172/JCI118873. PMC ... 138 (1-2): 171-4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298. Jagadish MN, Fernandez CS, Hewish DR, Macaulay SL, Gough KH, ... 200 (1-2): 149-56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149. Weir ML, Klip A, Trimble WS (Jul 1998). "Identification of ... 254 (1): 21-6. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9876. PMID 9920726. Valdez AC, Cabaniols JP, Brown MJ, Roche PA (Mar 1999). "Syntaxin 11 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAMP2

Aquaporin tetramer composition modifies the function of tobacco aquaporins. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2010. 285(41): p. ... He is known for his work on the aquaporin protein class, where he detected facilitated diffusion of CO2 in plant tissue and ... Kaldenhoff was one of the first scientists to describe plant aquaporins. He initially accomplished to analyse the function and ... For the first time, Kaldenhoff could provide evidence that an aquaporin molecule could conduct CO₂. Kaldenhoff also worked on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralf_Kaldenhoff

Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) may result from V2R or aquaporin-2 (AQP2) mutations. Exogenously administered ... 119 (7 Suppl 1): S87-92. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.05.014. PMID 16843091. Serradeil-Le Gal, C; Wagnon, J; Valette, G; Garcia, G ... ISBN 978-94-009-0449-1. Greenberg A, Verbalis JG (2006). "Vasopressin receptor antagonists". Kidney Int. 69 (12): 2124-30. doi: ... 1-8. doi:10.1042/CS20030062. PMID 12639215. (Vasopressin receptor antagonists, World Anti-Doping Agency prohibited substances) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin_receptor_antagonist

... aquaporins or Na/K-ATPase. In sweat glands, CFTR is responsible for the reabsorption of chloride in the sweat duct. Sodium ions ... 252 (1): 208-13. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9625. PMID 9813171. Shekdar K, Langer J, Venkatachalan S, Schmid L, Anobile J, Shah P, ... 23 (4 Pt 1): 763-6. doi:10.1016/0190-9622(90)70285-p. PMID 2229513. Hanukoglu I (February 2017). "ASIC and ENaC type sodium ... Jasti J, Furukawa H, Gonzales EB, Gouaux E (September 2007). "Structure of acid-sensing ion channel 1 at 1.9 A resolution and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epithelial_sodium_channel

The presence of anti-MOG autoantibodies has been associated with the following conditions Most cases of aquaporin-4- ... 259 (1-2): 21-6. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2006.05.070. PMID 17367811. S2CID 23257594. Boyle LH, Traherne JA, Plotnek G, Ward R, ... 12 (1): 46. doi:10.1186/s12974-015-0256-1. PMC 4359547. PMID 25889963. CYNTHIA MCKELVEY, Press Report, What's the Role of ... Ichiro Nakashima, Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody in demyelinating diseases [1] Kezuka T, Usui Y, Yamakawa N ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelin_oligodendrocyte_glycoprotein

... colocalization with aquaporin-2 in collecting duct vesicles". The American Journal of Physiology. 275 (5 Pt 2): F752-60. doi: ... 234 (1): 257-62. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6560. PMID 9168999. Steegmaier M, Yang B, Yoo JS, Huang B, Shen M, Yu S, Luo Y, Scheller ... 234 (1): 257-62. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6560. PMID 9168999. Tang BL, Tan AE, Lim LK, Lee SS, Low DY, Hong W (Mar 1998). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNAP23

NMOSD can be associated with antibodies that bind to a protein called aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Binding of the anti-AQP4 antibody ... who are anti-aquaporin 4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) seropositive. The applicant for this medicinal product is Viela Bio. ... patients who are anti-aquaporin-4 or AQP4 antibody positive). NMOSD is a rare autoimmune disorder in which immune system cells ... 30 (1). hdl:10665/331046. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. "Inebilizumab" (PDF). USAN. Cree BA, Bennett JL, Kim HJ, Weinshenker BG ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inebilizumab

June 1999). "Urinary excretion of aquaporin-2 water channel differentiates psychogenic polydipsia from central diabetes ... 22 (1): 54-60. ISSN 0090-838X. PMC 6761819. PMID 15706734. Taivainen, H.; Laitinen, K.; Tähtelä, R.; Kilanmaa, K.; Välimäki, M ... 21 (1): 53-61. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(90)90049-q. ISSN 0005-7916. PMID 2373769.(subscription required) Costanzo, Erin S.; Antes ... 35 (1): 65-68. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00847.x. ISSN 0004-8674. PMID 11270459. S2CID 13168153.(subscription required) Goh ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_polydipsia

"IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple sclerosis binds to the aquaporin-4 water channel". Journal of Experimental Medicine. 202 (4 ... "Neuromyelitis optica brain lesions localized at sites of high aquaporin 4 expression". Archives of Neurology. 63 (7): 964-968. ... ISBN 978-1-4160-2973-1. 8th edition. Toro JR, Finlay D, Dou X, Zheng SC, LeBoit PE, Connoly KM (2000). "Detection of Type 1 ... 26 (1 Suppl 48): S12-7. PMID 18570749. Faé KC, da Silva DD, Oshiro SE, Tanaka AC, Pomerantzeff PM, Douay C, Charron D, Toubert ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_autoimmune_diseases

NMOSD can be associated with antibodies that bind to a protein called aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Binding of the anti-AQP4 antibody ... people who are anti-aquaporin-4 or AQP4 antibody-positive. NMOSD is a rare autoimmune disease of the central nervous system ... of 116 participants with NMOSD who were anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody positive. The trials were conducted at 62 sites in the ... including the formation of pathological autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4), and the permeability of the blood-brain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satralizumab

... although the membrane contains aquaporins that are believed to be conduits for regulated water transport. Mitochondrial matrix ... Mitochondrial DNA is 1% of total DNA of a cell. It is rich in guanine and cytosine content. Mitochondria of mammals have 55s ... 203 (Pt 1): 51-59. doi:10.1242/jeb.203.1.51. ISSN 0022-0949. PMID 10600673. Karmen, A.; Wroblewski, F.; Ladue, J. S. (1955-01- ... Dimroth, P.; Kaim, G.; Matthey, U. (2000-01-01). "Crucial role of the membrane potential for ATP synthesis by F(1)F(o) ATP ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_matrix

... or Aquaporin, cytoskeletal structural proteins, paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 3 (PITX3), avian ... with an estimated prevalence of 1 to 6 cases per 10,000 live births. Basic and clinical science course (2011-2012). Pediatric ... galactose 1-phosphate uridyltransferase, galactokinase, amino acids - Infectious diseases: TORCH and varicella titers, VDRL - ... in a darkened room and involves shining a bright direct ophthalmoscope into both eyes simultaneously from a distance of 1- 2 ft ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_cataract

"A water-specific aquaporin involved in aphid osmoregulation". Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 39 (1): 1-10. doi: ... ISBN 978-1-118-84615-5. Hales, Dinah F.; Wilson, Alex C. C.; Sloane, Mathew A.; Simon, Jean-Christophe; Legallic, Jean-François ... ISBN 978-1-4443-5784-4. van Emden, Helmut F.; Harrington, Richard (2017). Aphids as Crop Pests. CABI. pp. 229-230. ISBN 978-1- ... ISBN 978-1-78064-709-8. Archived from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2018-04-29. Von Dohlen, Carol; Moran, Nancy A. ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphid

... enters the cells though aquaporins 7 and 9, which is a type of aquaglyceroporin. Arsenic (V) compounds use phosphate ... The anhydride 1-arsenato-3-phospho-D-glycerate generated readily hydrolyzes due to the longer bond length of As-O compared to P ... 533 (1-2): 37-65. doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.07.009. PMID 14643412. Pierce, B.L; Kibriya, M.G (2012). "Genome-wide association ... 715 (1-2): 32-41. doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.07.004. PMID 21782832. Sykora, P; Snow, E.T (2008). "Modulation of DNA polymerase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic_biochemistry

... aquaporins) or other solutes to passively pass through the membrane down their electrochemical gradient. They are studied using ... 1828 (1): 79-93. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.01.002. PMID 22266266. Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_channel

... of their apt location in the cell membranes of root caps as well as their interactions and effect on a type of aquaporin water ... This mechanism is supported strongly by the observation of growth patterns of the Arabidopsis abscisic acid mutants (aba1-1 and ... abi2-1) and no hydrotropic response mutant (nhr1). Abscisic acid mutants were unable to produce abscisic acid, and haphazardly ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrotropism

This creates osmotic pressure and draws water into CSF, facilitated by aquaporins. Chloride, with a negative charge, moves with ... and specific antibodies such as aquaporin-4 may be tested for to assist in the diagnosis of autoimmune conditions. A lumbar ... ISBN 978-1-58829-040-3. Iliff JJ, Wang M, Liao Y, Plogg BA, Peng W, Gundersen GA, et al. (August 2012). "A paravascular pathway ... 15 (4): 1 p following ECP4. doi:10.3171/foc.2003.15.6.8. PMID 15376362. Seehusen DA, Reeves MM, Fomin DA (September 2003). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_fluid

Only mature blood cells contain the membrane proteins, such as aquaporin and glycophorin, that are required to attach to and ... Poulton, T B; Murphy, W D; Duerk, J L; Chapek, C C; Feiglin, D H (1 December 1993). "Bone marrow reconversion in adults who are ... 2016 (7): 1-24. doi:10.1155/2016/6940283. PMC 4969512. PMID 27516776.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link ... Chan, Brian Y.; Gill, Kara G.; Rebsamen, Susan L.; Nguyen, Jie C. (1 October 2016). "MR Imaging of Pediatric Bone Marrow". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow

May 2007). "Pattern-specific loss of aquaporin-4 immunoreactivity distinguishes neuromyelitis optica from multiple sclerosis". ... is characterized by neuromyelitis optica IgG antibodies which selectively bind to aquaporin-4. Optic neuritis is associated ... HSV-1 commonly resides in cranial nerve ganglia, particularly the trigeminal ganglia, and may cause painful neuralgias during ... 16 (1): 5-11. doi:10.1080/14787210.2018.1417836. PMID 29278020. S2CID 22534091. Sharma NC, Efstratiou A, Mokrousov I, Mutreja A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuritis

The erythrocyte water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is expressed in multiple absorptive and secretory epithelia including the ... Microvessel overexpression of aquaporin 1 parallels bone marrow angiogenesis in patients with active multiple myeloma Br J ... The erythrocyte water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is expressed in multiple absorptive and secretory epithelia including the ... A Vacca 1 , A Frigeri, D Ribatti, G P Nicchia, B Nico, R Ria, M Svelto, F Dammacco ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11380407/?dopt=Abstract

keywords = "Aquaporins, Bile secretion, Biliary epithelia",. author = "Marinelli, {Ra{\u}l A.} and Tietz, {Pamela S.} and Pham ... Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) water channels are present in the apical and basolateral plasma membrane domains of bile duct epithelial ... abstract = "Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) water channels are present in the apical and basolateral plasma membrane domains of bile duct ... N2 - Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) water channels are present in the apical and basolateral plasma membrane domains of bile duct ...

https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/secretin-induces-the-apical-insertion-of-aquaporin-1-water-channe-3

Keywords: irritable bowel syndrome, aquaporins, NF-κB. Received: November 04, 2016 Accepted: April 18, 2017 Published: May 02, ... Objective: Our research was to detect the expression of aquaporins. NF-κB in Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) rat models colon ... Aquaporins 1, 3 and 8 expression in irritable bowel syndrome rats colon via NF-κB pathway. ... Guanqun Chao1 and Shuo Zhang2. 1Department of Family Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China ...

https://www.oncotarget.com/article/17565/

Crystallization and Preliminary Crystallographic Analysis of Human Aquaporin 1 at a Resolution of 3.28 A.. ...

https://3dprint.nih.gov/discover/3dpx-004514

Red blood cell aquaporin-1 expression is decreased in hereditary spherocytosis. Ann Hematol. 2016 Oct. 95 (10):1595-601. [QxMD ... Aquaporin-1. In addition to abnormal levels of proteins affected by mutations, patients with HS may demonstrate aberrant ... Crisp et al found reduced expression of the water channel protein aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in the membranes of erythrocytes from ... 1, 2] It is also one of the most common causes of hemolytic anemia due to membrane defect. The morphologic hallmark of HS is ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/206107-168268/what-is-the-role-of-band-3-deficiency-in-the-pathophysiology-of-hereditary-spherocytosis-hs

Living cells regulate the movement of water via pores in the cell membrane called aquaporins. In a study of plant aquaporin, ... Here we report the X-ray structure of the spinach plasma membrane aquaporin SoPIP2;1 in its closed conformation at 2.1 Å ... These results reveal a molecular gating mechanism which appears conserved throughout all plant plasma membrane aquaporins. ... Plants counteract fluctuations in water supply by regulating all aquaporins in the cell plasma membrane. Channel closure ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/nature04316?error=cookies_not_supported&code=2525d571-cb34-4b91-a72f-7ca965afb192

To explore the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in bladder uroepithelium cell carcinoma (BUCC)and its relevance to recurrence. ... "Expression of Aquaporin 1 in Bladder Uroepithelial Cell Carcinoma and its Relevance to Recurrence". Asian Pacific Journal of ... Expression of Aquaporin 1 in Bladder Uroepithelial Cell Carcinoma and its Relevance to Recurrence. Asian Pacific Journal of ... 2015). Expression of Aquaporin 1 in Bladder Uroepithelial Cell Carcinoma and its Relevance to Recurrence. Asian Pacific Journal ...

http://journal.waocp.org/article_31019.html

Enhancement of Proton Conductance by Mutations of the Selectivity Filter of Aquaporin-1. Title. Enhancement of Proton ...

https://vothgroup.uchicago.edu/publications/enhancement-proton-conductance-mutations-selectivity-filter-aquaporin-1

Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of channel proteins that facilitate water transportation across cell membranes. Kidney AQPs play ... Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of channel proteins that facilitate water transportation across cell membranes. Kidney AQPs play ... 2000). Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in mice lacking aquaporin-3 water channels. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97, 4386-4391. ... 2001). Immunolocalization of aquaporin-8 in rat kidney, gastrointestinal tract, testis, and airways. Am. J. Physiol. Renal. ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2019.01172/full

Normal mesothelium expresses aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and retained expression has been associated with improved survival in MM. AQP1 ... The Effect of Aquaporin 1-Inhibition on Vasculogenic Mimicry in Malignant Mesothelioma November 11, 2017 ...

https://www.mesothelioma-line.com/the-effect-of-aquaporin-1-inhibition-on-vasculogenic-mimicry-in-malignant-mesothelioma/

Anaemia stimulates aquaporin 1 expression in the fetal sheep heart. / Jonker, S. S.; Davis, L. E.; van der Bilt, J. D.W. et al. ... Anaemia stimulates aquaporin 1 expression in the fetal sheep heart. S. S. Jonker, L. E. Davis, J. D.W. van der Bilt, B. Hadder ... Anaemia stimulates aquaporin 1 expression in the fetal sheep heart. In: Experimental physiology. 2003 ; Vol. 88, No. 6. pp. 691 ... Anaemia stimulates aquaporin 1 expression in the fetal sheep heart. Experimental physiology. 2003 Nov;88(6):691-698. doi: ...

https://ohsu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/anaemia-stimulates-aquaporin-1-expression-in-the-fetal-sheep-hear-2

Aquaporin 1 (AQP1), a transmembrane protein that forms water channels, has previously been shown to facilitate growth and ... Down-regulation of Aquaporin-1 mediates a microglial phenotype switch affecting glioma growth ... Down-regulation of Aquaporin-1 mediates a microglial phenotype switch affecting glioma growth. ...

http://edoc.mdc-berlin.de/19494/

Classification and Gene Structure of Aquaporins.. Xu, Long; Guo, Xiangdong; Wang, Weidong; Li, Chunling. Adv Exp Med Biol; 1398 ... A pair of NPA boxes forming a pore is highly conserved among all aquaporins and is also key residues for the classification of ... Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of membrane water channels that basically function as regulators of intracellular and ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/odontologia/resource/pt/mdl-36717483

Aquaporin-mediated dysregulation of cell migration in disease states. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023;80:48. [PMID: 36682037 DOI: ... Aquaporins: New Targets for Cancer Therapy. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2016;15:821-8. [PMID: 26438607 DOI: 10.1177/ ... Aquaporins 1, 3 and 5 in Different Tumors, their Expression, Prognosis Value and Role as New Therapeutic Targets. Pathol Oncol ... Dutta A, Das M. Deciphering the Role of Aquaporins in Metabolic Diseases: A Mini Review. The American Journal of the Medical ...

https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/CitedArticlesInF6?id=10.1177%2F0194599814521569

To mimic phosphorylation, residues implicated in the opening and closing of this gated aquaporin were mutated and their X-ray ... Our findings show that aquaporins, even though similar in size and fold, give very diverse protein yields. Factors influencing ... Increased structural and functional knowledge of aquaporins will aid in understanding how the flux of water through these pores ... Observations regarding the influence of the aquaporin construct on crystal packing are also discussed. Regulatory mechanisms of ...

https://research.chalmers.se/publication/68857

A full-length cDNA sequence of aquaporin (GenBank JQ970426) was isolated from the hypodermis of the blue crab, C. sapidus, ... Callinectes larvae differed in their capacity to molt in hyposalinity, as those at earlier stages from Zoea (Z) 1 to Z4 had ... CasAQP-1 expression differed with ontogeny during larval development, with significantly higher expression at Z1-2, compared to ... However, it remains to be determined if the increase in CasAQP-1 expression at later larval stages may have a role in ...

https://aquaticbiosystems.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2046-9063-8-21/figures/5

Expression of aquaporin-4 water channels in rat cholangiocytes. Raúl A. Marinelli, Linh D. Pham, Pamela S. Tietz, Nicholas F. ... Expression of aquaporin-4 water channels in rat cholangiocytes. / Marinelli, Raúl A.; Pham, Linh D.; Tietz, Pamela S. et al. ... Expression of aquaporin-4 water channels in rat cholangiocytes. In: Hepatology. 2000 ; Vol. 31, No. 6. pp. 1313-1317. ... Marinelli, R. A., Pham, L. D., Tietz, P. S., & LaRusso, N. F. (2000). Expression of aquaporin-4 water channels in rat ...

https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/expression-of-aquaporin-4-water-channels-in-rat-cholangiocytes

Impairment of angiogenesis and cell migration by targeted aquaporin-1 gene disruption p.786 doi: 10.1038/nature03460 ...

http://www.natureasia.com/ko-kr/nature/toc/434/7034

aquaporins are basically proteins that are embedded in the cell membranes that perform the function of regulation of the water. ... Water Dynamics In Plants; Water In Plant Life, Aquaporins, Properties Of Water, An Excellent Solvent. Semester-1 Applied ... particularly it can pass more easily through aquaporin that are the low resistance pores. ... Seed Structure And Seed Germination; Seed Dormancy, Seed Viability, BS Applied biosciences, Semester-1, Plant Physiology ...

https://niazitv.pk/water-dynamics-in-plants-water-in-plant-life-aquaporins-properties-of-water-an-excellent-solvent-semester-1-applied-biosciences-plant-physiology/

Aquaporin-1 and aquaporin-2 urinary excretion in cirrhosis: Relationship with ascites and hepatorenal syndrome. Hepatology. ... 10] Stage 1 AKI would be classified as an increase in serum creatinine level by 0.3 mg/dL or a 50% increase, whereas stages 2 ... 1] and, occasionally, fulminant hepatitis, who have portal hypertension and ascites. Estimates indicate that at least 40% of ... Reversal of type 1 hepatorenal syndrome with the administration of midodrine and octreotide. Hepatology. 1999 Jun. 29(6):1690-7 ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/178208

102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 1 * 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 description 1 ... CN (1) CN207340514U (en) Cited By (1). * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party. Publication number. Priority date. ... Priority Applications (1). Application Number. Priority Date. Filing Date. Title. CN201721292603.9U CN207340514U (en) 2017-10- ... Applications Claiming Priority (1). Application Number. Priority Date. Filing Date. Title. CN201721292603.9U CN207340514U (en) ...

https://patents.google.com/patent/CN207340514U/en

AquaPorin Hydrating Cream - 1.7 oz. Home \ Retail Products \ Retail Hydrating/Moisturizing \ AquaPorin Hydrating Cream - 1.7 oz ... AquaPorin Hydrating Cream - 1.7 oz. Log in to see prices. Hydrate with natural oils to maintain and increase skin moisture. ... Boosts Aquaporin-3 which promotes inner hydration mechanisms and water movement from the basal layer of epidermis and to the ... Increases Aquaporins-3, 9, and 10 to hydrate skin, increases fibronectin, and envelope proteins to improve corneocyte cohesion ...

https://circadia.com/product/aquaporin-hydrating-cream-1-7-oz/

Aquaporin-1 Show on y-axis - References (HTP + LTP). References (LTP). References (HTP). ...

https://www.phosphosite.org/proteinAction?id=14613&showAllSites=true

Aquaporin (1) Bactenecin (2) Bacterial signal peptidase (1) BAD (3) BAK (2) ...

https://www.eurogentec.com/en/catalog/c135~peptides?catalog_product.ProductAttribute.227=20540

Aquaporin-1 in the peritoneal membrane: Implications for water transport across capillaries and peritoneal dialysis.. *O. ... It is concluded that the quantitative role of aquaporins in overall fluid transport may vary substantially in normal patients ... The conclusion was that the mechanisms describing peritoneal bicarbonate and pH kinetics during PD must include 1) ...

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Fluid-and-Electrolyte-Transport-across-the-Membrane-Rippe-Venturoli/afaeed210c6dbba9bc07e8afce53b87b1b59e3e5

Anti-Rat Aquaporin 3 , 15-AQP31-A Catalog#: AQP31-A Antigen: 15aa peptide of Rat AQP3 (Gene accession #P47862; Designated ( ... Anti-Rat Aquaporin 1 , 15-aqp11-a Company name: Alpha Diagnostics Product type: Antibody Product name: Rabbit Anti-Aquaporin-1 ... Goat Anti-Mouse PSD95 , 513-DPABH-27821 Goat anti-Mouse DLG4 (aa 1-100) polyclonal antibody for ICC/IF, WB, IHC-P Host Species ... Exosome FLOT1 Antibody , 322-EXOAB-FLOT1-1 Anti-FLOT1 Antibody (rabbit anti-human, mouse, rat) with goat anti-rabbit HRP ...

https://enigmadiagnostics.com/anti-sema3g-antibody-gentaur/

Anti-Rat Aquaporin 3 Catalog#: AQP31-A Antigen: 15aa peptide of Rat AQP3 (Gene accession #P47862; Designated (AQP31-P or ... Anti-Rat Aquaporin 1 Company name: Alpha Diagnostics Product type: Antibody Product name: Rabbit Anti-Aquaporin-1 Antibody, ... QualiCode™ HIV-1/2 Western Blot Kit * QualiCode™ HIV-1/2 Western Blot Kit ... Exosome HSP70 Antibody Product name: Hsp70 Catalog: Exoab-hsp70a-1 Clonality: Polyclonal Host: Rabbit Conjugate: Nonconjugated ...

https://immunetics.com/anti-apoe3-antibody-gentaur/

Hydrocephalus and Aquaporins: The Role of Aquaporin-1. M. Y. S. Kalani, A. S. Filippidis, H. L. Rekate. 12. Hydrocephalus and ... Aquaporins: The Role of Aquaporin-4. A. S. Filippidis, M. Y. S. Kalani, H. L. Rekate. 13. Effect of Acetazolamide on Aquaporin- ... 1. Series. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplementum. Page amount. 12 pages. Category. Medicine, Health Care, Mode. Format. Ebook. ... 1. Fifth International Hydrocephalus Workshop, Crete, Greece, May 20-23, 2010: Themes and Highlights. Harold L. Rekate, Gunes A ...

https://www.ellibs.com/book/9783709109236/hydrocephalus

Journal Article] Expression of Aquaporin 1 in Primary Renal Tumors : A Prognostic Indicator for Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ... 1. 腎癌及び膀胱癌細胞株においてHypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) 1α& 2αそれぞれを強制発現または発現抑制させたクローンを作製しました。. 2. HIFαを強制発現させると、低酸素環境下でも増殖が抑制されにくい傾向が認め ... Presentation] Effect of binding proteins to Hypoxia-

https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19591863/

Aquaporins and small neutral solute transporters [TC:1.A.8]. Aquaporins. 343 (AQP8). ... Ontology (2) KEGG BRITE (2) Pathway (1) KEGG PATHWAY (1) Disease (1) OMIM (1) Genome (1) KEGG GENOME (1) Gene (12) KEGG ... 1) HGNC (1) Ensembl (1) RIKEN BRC-DNA (1) OC (1) PHAROS (1) Protein sequence (5) UniProt (1) SWISS-PROT (1) RefSeq(pep) (3) DNA ... sequence (15) RefSeq(nuc) (3) GenBank (6) EMBL (6) Protein domain (1) Pfam (1) All databases (38) Download RDF ...

https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa+343

The erythrocyte water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is expressed in multiple absorptive and secretory epithelia including the capillary endothelia. (nih.gov)
Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) water channels are present in the apical and basolateral plasma membrane domains of bile duct epithelial cells, or cholangiocytes, and mediate the transport of water in these cells. (elsevier.com)
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a newly described phenomenon associated with increased aggressiveness in other malignancies, and has been characterized in MM. Normal mesothelium expresses aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and retained expression has been associated with improved survival in MM. AQP1 is expressed by normal vascular endothelium and is involved in mediating MM cell motility and proliferation. (mesothelioma-line.com)
Therefore, the goal of our study was to determine the level of expression of the water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1) during cardiac development and in the anaemic fetal sheep heart. (elsevier.com)
Aquaporin 1 (AQP1), a transmembrane protein that forms water channels, has previously been shown to facilitate growth and progression of many types of tumors by modulating tumor cell migration, proliferation and angiogenesis. (mdc-berlin.de)
We recently reported that secretin induces the exocytic insertion of functional aquaporin-1 water channels (AQP1) into the apical membrane of cholangiocytes and proposed that this was a key process in ductal bile secretion. (elsevier.com)
Our results indicate that: (1) cholangiocytes express AQP4 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein and (2) in contrast to AQP1, which is targeted to the apical cholangiocyte membrane by secretin, AQP4 is constitutively expressed on the basolateral cholangiocyte membrane and is secretin unresponsive. (elsevier.com)

Our findings show that aquaporins, even though similar in size and fold, give very diverse protein yields. (chalmers.se)
Factors influencing the level of protein production are discussed, and one construct of human aquaporin 1 resulted in an exceptionally high yield. (chalmers.se)
The AQP2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called aquaporin 2. (medlineplus.gov)
Most of the known AQP2 gene mutations cause the aquaporin 2 protein to be misfolded into an incorrect 3-dimensional shape. (medlineplus.gov)
Aquaporin 6 is a protein in humans that is encoded by the AQP6 gene. (nsjbio.com)
In order to maintain water homeostasis, the rapid and specific regulation of cellular water flow is mediated by the aquaporin (AQP) family of membrane protein water channels. (shu.ac.uk)
Western blot analysis detected expression of alpha amylase and aquaporin 5 protein, suggesting that primary cells were acinar in origin. (cdc.gov)
Cells strongly expressed the tight junction protein ZO-1 at points of cell-cell contact. (cdc.gov)
1/22 reacts on the intracellular C-terminal AQPl epitope of aquaporins which are members of the Major Intrinsic Protein family. (immbio.hu)
expressed in middle/late meiosis,IV" YDR525W 1 5 7 YDR525W "Ydr525wp,IV" YDR526C 1 5 8 YDR526C "Ydr526cp,IV" YER187W 1 5 9 YER187W "similar to killer toxin,V" YER188W 1 5 10 YER188W "Yer188wp,V" YER190W 1 5 11 YER190W "Yrf1-2p,V" YFL002C 1 5 12 YFL002C "ATP-dependent RNA helicase,VI" YFL002W-B 1 5 13 YFL002W-B "TyA gag protein. (davidson.edu)
contains a zinc finger,XV" YOL091W 1 15 16 YOL091W "involved in sporulation,XV" YOL103W-B 1 15 17 YOL103W-B "TyB Gag-Pol protein. (davidson.edu)
XV" YOL105C 1 15 18 YOL105C "Putative integral membrane protein containing novel cysteine motif. (davidson.edu)

Our research was to detect the expression of aquaporins. (oncotarget.com)
2015). 'Expression of Aquaporin 1 in Bladder Uroepithelial Cell Carcinoma and its Relevance to Recurrence', Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention , 16(9), pp. 3973-3976. (waocp.org)
Journal Article] Expression of Aquaporin 1 in Primary Renal Tumors : A Prognostic Indicator for Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. (nii.ac.jp)
Finally, a high level of aquaporin 1 unexpectedly appeared at the apical surfaces of CLIC4-suppressed RPE cells, together with a concomitant loss of basal surface expression of monocarboxylate transporter MCT3. (elsevier.com)
Red blood cell aquaporin-1 expression is decreased in hereditary spherocytosis. (medscape.com)
Brain expression of the water channels aquaporin-1 and -4 in mice with acute liver injury, hyperammonemia and brain edema. (medscape.com)
Devic's neuromyelitis optica is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that mainly affects spinal cord, optic nerve and brain regions with high aquaporin 4 antigen expression. (bvsalud.org)

Association analysis of aquaporin 7 (AQP7) gene variants with semen qu" by TENGHE MA, JIFENG LIU et al. (tubitak.gov.tr)

Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of channel proteins that facilitate water transportation across cell membranes. (frontiersin.org)
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of membrane water channels that basically function as regulators of intracellular and intercellular water flow . (bvsalud.org)
The aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of water-transporting proteins that facilitate osmotically driven water movement across cell plasma membranes. (nsjbio.com)

These findings provide further insight into the molecular gating mechanism previously suggested for this plant aquaporin. (chalmers.se)

Diagram illustrating the structural mechanism of aquaporin gating in plant plasma membranes. (nature.com)
Johansson, I., Larsson, C., Ek, B. & Kjellbom, P. The major integral proteins of spinach leaf plasma membranes are putative aquaporins and are phosphorylated in response to Ca 2+ and apoplastic water potential. (nature.com)
Aquaporins are water channel proteins embedded in the membranes of cells. (chalmers.se)
aquaporins are basically proteins that are embedded in the cell membranes that perform the function of regulation of the water. (niazitv.pk)

Classification and Gene Structure of Aquaporins. (bvsalud.org)
Aquaporin 7 (AQP7) gene as a candidate Antifreeze gene was investigated and associated with fresh and frozen semen quality traits in 45 Simmental and Charolais bulls. (tubitak.gov.tr)
Influence of aquaporin-1 gene polymorphism on water retention in liver cirrhosis. (cdc.gov)

Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) regulates water content in blood, brain, and cerebrospinal fluid. (smarttots.org)
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (AQP4-IgG seropositive NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG-associated disease (MOGAD) are inflammatory demyelinating disorders distinct from each other and from multiple sclerosis (MS).While anti-CD20 treatments can be used to treat MS and AQP4-IgG seropositive NMOSD, some MS medications are ineffective or could exacerbate AQP4-IgG seropositive NMOSD including beta-interferons, natalizumab, and fingolimod. (elsevier.com)
Rituximab, eculizumab, inebilizumab, and satralizumab all have class 1 evidence for use in AQP4-IgG seropositive NMOSD, and the latter three have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (elsevier.com)

A pair of NPA boxes forming a pore is highly conserved among all aquaporins and is also key residues for the classification of AQP superfamily into four groups according to primary sequences. (bvsalud.org)

Morishita, Y., Sakube, Y., Sasaki, S. & Ishibashi, K. Molecular mechanisms and drug development in aquaporin water channel diseases: aquaporin superfamily (superaquaporins): expansion of aquaporins restricted to multicellular organisms. (nature.com)

Electron density at the sites of regulation by phosphorylation and pH for SoPIP2;1 in its closed conformation. (nature.com)
Regulation of the cytoplasmic entrance into the SoPIP2;1 channel. (nature.com)

Here we report the X-ray structure of the spinach plasma membrane aquaporin SoPIP2;1 in its closed conformation at 2.1 Å resolution and in its open conformation at 3.9 Å resolution, and molecular dynamics simulations of the initial events governing gating. (nature.com)
Structures of the closed and open conformations of SoPIP2;1. (nature.com)
Characterizing the SoPIP2;1 channel. (nature.com)
Regulatory mechanisms of the spinach aquaporin SoPIP2;1 were also investigated. (chalmers.se)

Aquaporin-1 promoter hypermethylation is associated with improved prognosis in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. (wjgnet.com)
D'Agostino C , Elkashty OA , Chivasso C , Perret J , Tran SD , Delporte C . Insight into Salivary Gland Aquaporins. (wjgnet.com)
Aquaporins in Salivary Gland - The Water Fa(u)cet of an Acini? (adejournal.com)
The present article reviews the basic histology of salivary gland, its ductal system and also physiology of secretion of saliva and highlights the role of Aquaporins in saliva formation. (adejournal.com)

Furthermore, serine 188 was identified as a putative phosphorylation site as its mutation to a glutamate increased the water flux through the aquaporin. (chalmers.se)

FAR-INFRARED RAY INDUCED DECATIONIZATION Restores water molecules ability to pass through your body's aquaporins to hydrate at the cellular level. (aquacoolers.com)

These antibodies are directed against the aquaporin-4 water channels in the astrocyte foot processes at the blood-brain barrier, pia, subpia, and Virchow-Robin spaces. (medscape.com)

As of January 1, 2022, Oncotarget has shifted to a continuous publishing model. (oncotarget.com)

Requirement of human renal water channel aquaporin-2 for vasopressin-dependent concentration of urine. (medlineplus.gov)

Increased structural and functional knowledge of aquaporins will aid in understanding how the flux of water through these pores is controlled and why certain physical disorders in humans connected to the aquaporins arise. (chalmers.se)
A few mutations result in the production of functional aquaporin 2 water channels, but these channels are misrouted within the cell and do not reach the cell membrane. (medlineplus.gov)

Liao S , Gan L , Lv L , Mei Z . The regulatory roles of aquaporins in the digestive system. (wjgnet.com)

These results reveal a molecular gating mechanism which appears conserved throughout all plant plasma membrane aquaporins. (nature.com)

All these ducts function to transport saliva secretion through the terminal excretory duct and into the oral cavity ( Figure 1 ). (adejournal.com)

This hormone triggers chemical reactions that ultimately insert aquaporin 2 water channels into the membrane of collecting duct cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Without signals from ADH, aquaporin 2 water channels are removed from the membrane of collecting duct cells. (medlineplus.gov)
If aquaporin 2 water channels are not inserted into the membrane of collecting duct cells, the kidneys are unable to respond to signals from ADH. (medlineplus.gov)

Adv Exp Med Biol;1398: 1-13, 2023. (bvsalud.org)

Loonen AJ, Knoers NV, van Os CH, Deen PM. Aquaporin 2 mutations in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. (medlineplus.gov)

2021 (1):331-340. (medscape.com)

Detection of Aquaporin 1 in human kidney tissue (formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE): SNAP i.d.® 2.0 IHC System (sections 1-13) vs. Standard IHC protocol (section M1). (emdmillipore.com)
Aquaporin 1 forms a water-specific channel that is constitutively expressed at the PLASMA MEMBRANE of ERYTHROCYTES and KIDNEY TUBULES, PROXIMAL. (bvsalud.org)

To mimic phosphorylation, residues implicated in the opening and closing of this gated aquaporin were mutated and their X-ray structures elucidated. (chalmers.se)

Water transport activity of the plasma membrane aquaporin PM28A is regulated by phosphorylation. (nature.com)

Aquaporin-mediated dysregulation of cell migration in disease states. (wjgnet.com)

Heparinized bloodstream examples (1C4 ml) had been acquired 10- to 54-day time post-IVIG (sub-acute cohort, topics #1C10) and 1- to 2-season post-IVIG for five topics (#11C14, 16) and 10-season post-IVIG for just one subject matter (#15) (convalescent cohort). (forgetmenotinitiative.org)

1398: 1-13, 2023. (bvsalud.org)
2023 Jan. 25 (1):4. (medscape.com)

Agre, P. & Kozono, D. Aquaporin water channels: molecular mechanisms for human diseases. (nature.com)
Dutta A , Das M. Deciphering the Role of Aquaporins in Metabolic Diseases: A Mini Review. (wjgnet.com)

It is concluded that the quantitative role of aquaporins in overall fluid transport may vary substantially in normal patients as well in patients with permanent ultrafiltration failure. (semanticscholar.org)
The aquaporin 2 water channel plays an essential role in maintaining the body's water balance. (medlineplus.gov)
Aquaporins are water channels expressed in acini of salivary glands and play an important role in formation of saliva. (adejournal.com)
The role of Aquaporin is to permit the water inflow which determines the viscosity and tonicity of the saliva secreted. (adejournal.com)

Type 1 HRS has a more rapid onset, often precipitated by bacterial infection, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, large-volume paracentesis without albumin administration, or excessive response to diuretics, alcohol, or drugs. (medscape.com)

Molecular Membrane Biology , 30 (1), 1-12. (shu.ac.uk)

This specific transporter is called aquaporin. (coursera.org)

Observations regarding the influence of the aquaporin construct on crystal packing are also discussed. (chalmers.se)

1994 Apr 1;264(5155):92-5. (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy18

Organisms16

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs41

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Phenomena and Processes24

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Humanities1

Information Science5

Reduced water permeability and altered ultrastructure in thin descending limb of Henle in aquaporin-1 null mice. (1/469)

Lung fluid transport in aquaporin-1 and aquaporin-4 knockout mice. (2/469)

Developmental expression of aquaporin 1 in the rat renal vasculature. (3/469)

Molecular identification and immunolocalization of the water channel protein aquaporin 1 in CBCECs. (4/469)

Novel method for evaluation of the oligomeric structure of membrane proteins. (5/469)

Regulation of aquaporin-1 and nitric oxide synthase isoforms in a rat model of acute peritonitis. (6/469)

Micropuncture analysis of tubuloglomerular feedback regulation in transgenic mice. (7/469)

Safety and efficacy of adenovirus-mediated transfer of the human aquaporin-1 cDNA to irradiated parotid glands of non-human primates. (8/469)

Aquaporin 1

Aquaporin 5

Aquaporin 3

Aquaporin 4

Aquaporins

Aquaporin 2

Aquaporin 6

Water

Mercuric Chloride

Osmosis

Aquaglyceroporins

Blood Group Antigens

Water-Electrolyte Balance

Glycerol

Permeability

Cell Membrane Permeability

Plant Transpiration

Kidney Tubules, Collecting

Kidney Concentrating Ability

Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic

Plant Proteins

Ion Channels

Neuromyelitis Optica

Polyuria

Biological Transport

Xenopus laevis

Osmotic Pressure

Oocytes

Antidiuretic Agents

Molecular Sequence Data

Tulipa

Vapor Pressure

Amino Acid Sequence

Cistaceae

Plant Roots

Brain Edema

Mercury Compounds

Cell Membrane

Membrane Proteins

Lens, Crystalline

Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

Eye Proteins

Body Water

Renal Agents

Anguilla

Osmolar Concentration

Vasopressins

Immunohistochemistry

Dehydration

RNA, Messenger

Glomeromycota

Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Transmission

Salivary Glands

Mycelium

Deamino Arginine Vasopressin

Propylene Glycol

Mesophyll Cells

Mesembryanthemum

Kidney Medulla

Kidney

Submandibular Gland

Receptors, Vasopressin

Droughts

Astrocytes

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Xenopus

Mercury

Gene Expression

Nobel Prize

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Spinacia oleracea

Glycerol Kinase

Protein Transport

Pichia

Fragaria

Rats, Brattleboro

Plant Stomata

Proteolipids

Blotting, Western

Saline Solution, Hypertonic

$Gentaur Molecular :FabGennix \ Aquaporin 8, Host species: Rabbit, Polyclonal antibody \ AQP-801AP$ Gentaur Molecular :FabGennix \ Aquaporin 8, Host species: Rabbit, Polyclonal antibody \ AQP-801AP

$Gentaur Molecular :FabGennix \ Aquaporin 4, FITC conjugates \ AQP4-FITC$ Gentaur Molecular :FabGennix \ Aquaporin 4, FITC conjugates \ AQP4-FITC