Recombinant interferon alpha-2b in patients with metastatic apudomas: effect on tumours and tumour markers. (1/17)
Malignant carcinoid tumours, islet cell tumours and medullary carcinomas of the thyroid are tumours with similar clinical features. In patients with unresectable or metastatic tumours leukocyte interferon (IFN) and recombinant human (rh) IFN have demonstrated efficacy. Twenty-four evaluable patients with progressive tumours were treated with 2.5 megaunits rh IFN alpha-2b, administered once daily subcutaneously, for a median duration of 7 months (range 0.5-37+). Two carcinoid patients demonstrated a response in tumour size, 80% showed stable disease (SD). Sixty percent of the carcinoid patients with elevated urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic (5-HIAA) levels reached a biochemical partial response of the urinary 5-HIAA levels (median duration 13.5 months). In the patients with an islet cell or medullary tumour and an elevated tumour marker, the marker did not further increase. Of the 12 carcinoid patients evaluable for a symptomatic response, ten (83%) experienced a relieve of symptoms. IFN alpha-2b dose reduction or discontinuation due to toxicity was necessary in three and ten patients, respectively. No neutralising IFN alpha-2b antibodies developed despite prolonged treatment. In conclusion, IFN alpha-2b had a beneficial effect in patients with progressive tumours, while long-term IFN alpha-2b treatment did not augment neutralising antibodies. In view of the IFN alpha-2b-related toxicity, administration of IFN alpha-2b on alternating days may be preferable. (+info)Relative usefulness of electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry in tumour diagnosis: 10 years of retrospective analysis. (2/17)
AIMS: To determine retrospectively the relative usefulness of electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry for tumour diagnosis; to monitor the influence of new antibodies and antisera on the use of these techniques in one laboratory. METHODS: During 1980 to 1989 inclusive, 726 tumours were examined by electron microscopy, 862 by immunocytochemistry, and 286 by both techniques. The choice of techniques and, for immunocytochemistry, the range of antibodies used were compared between each category of final diagnosis. RESULTS: During the study period there was a sharp fall in the use of electron microscopy and a corresponding rise in immunocytochemistry. These trends applied to all categories of final tumour diagnosis, but the use of electron microscopy was sustained longer for lesions suspected or eventually confirmed to be melanomas or amine precursor uptake decarboxylation cell carcinoma (APUDomas)--for example, carcinoid tumours. The immunocytochemistry:electron microscopy use ratios ranged from 2.07:1 to 0.44:1 for the categories in which lymphoma and APUDoma, respectively, were the final diagnoses. The abandonment of electron microscopy for suspected or confirmed lymphomas and carcinomas corresponded to the increasing availability of relevant antisera and antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: The wider application of immunocytochemistry for tumour diagnosis is endorsed, but electron microscopy should be retained for selected cases in which the results of immunocytochemistry might be predictably ambiguous or otherwise unhelpful. (+info)Production of calcitonin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in tumors derived from amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cells. (3/17)
The tumor production of human calcitonin (CT) was examined by radioimmunoassay, and it was found that 50 of 85 (59%) tumor tissues collected at random contained immunoreactive CT. These tumors were grouped as to whether they were derived from the amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) series. The group that was derived from APUD cells showed appreciable amounts of CT in 30 of 31 (97%) of these tumors or in 20 of 21 (95%) when the medullary carcinomas of the thyroid were excluded. However, of the non-APUD group of tumors only 20 of 54 (37%) were found to contain CT, so that the difference between these two groups was highly significant (p less than 0.001). Of the tumors with ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-melanocyte-stimulating hormone production, 12 of 14 were shown to contain CT. These data indicate that CT is a common product of the APUD tumors and that tumor production of CT is often associated with that of adrenocorticotropic hormone and beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. (+info)Cyclical release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) from a pancreatic islet cell apudoma. (4/17)
A patient is described who presented with the classical symptomatology and profound electrolyte disturbance of the Verner-Morrison syndrome due to a pancreatic apudoma secreting vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). Diagnosis was confirmed by plasma VIP as measured by a radio-immunoassay technique now available. It is suggested that the cyclical nature of the symptoms in this case was due to cyclical release of VIP from the tumour in response to an unknown stimulus. Perfusion studies confirmed the excess secretory state of water, sodium and chloride in the small intestine. Symptoms were completely abolished by surgery and the progress is being monitored by means of serial plasma VIP estimations to detect any early recurrence of metastatic disease. (+info)Apudoma of the pancreas: benign or malignant? (5/17)
A middle-aged, obese, black woman complained of abdominal pain and tenderness in the left upper quadrant. An abdominal computerized tomographic (CT) scan revealed an encapsulated cystic mass in the tail region of the pancreas. Selective angiography confirmed mass and hypervascularity, definite encapsulation, and lack of capsular invasion. The diagnostic value of the CT scan, angiography, and special staining in classifying the excised pancreatic mass as an apudoma is discussed. Malignancy was excluded by the lack of capsular-vascular invasion and the absence of metastases. Nonfunctional status was determined by lack of hormone hypersecretion. (+info)ACTH-producing apudoma metastatic to the liver. (6/17)
A young man presented with combative psychosis and elevated levels of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). A solitary vascular pancreatic mass and diffuse vascular hepatic nodules were demonstrated on selective splenic and hepatic arteriograms. These classic angiographic findings are used to emphasize the role of angiography in initial radiographic evaluation and to summarize the angiographic appearance of functioning pancreatic adenomas. Even though this is an aggressive tumor, early diagnosis and intensive treatment may allow prolonged remission, if not cure. (+info)Iodine-131 MIBG scintigraphy of neuroendocrine tumors other than pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma. (7/17)
Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) locates most pheochromocytomas and neuroblastomas. The tracer is concentrated in intracellular storage vesicles by an active process. Many other neuroendocrine tumors of the amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) series have hormonal storage vesicles and, thus, the potential to take up [131I]MIBG. A variety of neuroendocrine tumors in 57 patients were studied 1, 2, and 3 days after 0.5 mCi [131I]MIBG. Views from skull to pelvis were obtained. Results of MIBG scans were compared with all available imaging modalities (including plain radiography, liver scan, ultrasound, computed tomography, and angiography) and surgical exploration. The neuroendocrine nature of the tumor was determined by histology, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and the assay of appropriate biogenic amines and peptide hormones. Results were (positive/total cases): carcinoids (four of ten), nonsecreting paragangliomas (three of three), sporadic medullary carcinomas of the thyroid (MCT) (one of five), familial MCT (one of 26), chemodectomas (two of five), oat cell carcinomas (zero of four), choriocarcinoma (one of one), atypical schwannoma (with storage granules) (one of one), Merkel cell skin cancer (one of one), islet cell carcinoma (zero of one). We conclude that a wide range of neuroendocrine tumors show [131I]MIBG uptake; tumors other than pheochromocytomas and neuroblastomas are less often seen scintigraphically, but in certain cases (e.g., carcinoid and nonsecreting paragangliomas) scintigraphy may be useful in depicting the extent and location of disease and may indicate therapeutic potential. Iodine-131 MIBG shows promise in the diagnosis and staging of tumors of varied types. (+info)Neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin. Its natural history, diagnosis, and treatment. (8/17)
Over 400 cases of neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin (NCS) have been reported. This tumor continues to pose problems in diagnosis and effective treatment for physicians unfamiliar with its biological characteristics. Reported here are five additional cases of NCS and the literature for this rare neoplasm is comprehensively reviewed. An early and accurate diagnosis is made possible by combining clinical presentation with results of histologic study, immunoperoxidase staining for neuron-specific enolase (NSE), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratins, and electron microscopy. NCS is an aggressive tumor. Depending on the length of follow-up, up to 40% of tumors locally recur, 55% develop regional nodal metastases, and 36% undergo distant metastasis. Survival is sex, but not age, dependent, with an overall 2-year survival rate of 72% (males 58% vs. females 79%). No standard procedure for initial and/or follow-up treatment for NCS exists. The authors recommend that NCS be treated, whenever possible, using the same rationale as applied for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. (+info)Natural cure for Apudoma and alternative treatments
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Carcinoid Neuroendocrine tumor Small intestine neuroendocrine tumor Kulchitsky cells Apudoma Serotonin Syndrome "Carcinoid ...
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Merkel cell tumor Primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma M8248/1 Apudoma M8249/3 Atypical carcinoid tumor M8250/1 Pulmonary ...
Merkel-cell carcinoma
It is also known as cutaneous APUDoma, primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, primary small cell carcinoma of the skin, ...
List of skin conditions
... cutaneous apudoma, primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, primary small cell carcinoma of the skin, trabecular carcinoma ...
APUD cell
Medullary Cells Glomus cells in Carotid Body Melanocytes of Skin Cells of Pineal Gland Renin producing cells in Kidney Apudoma ...
List of MeSH codes (C04)
... apudoma MeSH C04.557.465.625.650.200 - carcinoid tumor MeSH C04.557.465.625.650.200.500 - malignant carcinoid syndrome MeSH ... apudoma MeSH C04.557.580.625.650.200 - carcinoid tumor MeSH C04.557.580.625.650.200.500 - malignant carcinoid syndrome MeSH ... apudoma MeSH C04.557.470.035.320 - cystadenoma MeSH C04.557.470.035.320.225 - cystadenoma, mucinous MeSH C04.557.470.035. ...
List of diseases (A)
Cogan type Apudoma Aqueductal stenosis Aqueductal stenosis, X linked Arachindonic acid, absence of Arachnodactyly ...
Apudoma
In pathology, an apudoma is an endocrine tumour that arises from an APUD cell from structures such as the ampulla of Vater. ... Because the label "apudoma" is very general, it is preferred to use a more specific term when possible.[citation needed] VIPoma ... 2002). "[Apudoma of Vater's ampulla: case report and review of the literature]". Il Giornale di Chirurgia (in Italian). 23 (3 ... Spence RW, Burns-Cox CJ (1975). "ACTH-secreting 'apudoma' of gallbladder". Gut. 16 (6): 473-6. doi:10.1136/gut.16.6.473. PMC ...
Apudoma - Wikipedia
In pathology, an apudoma is an endocrine tumour that arises from an APUD cell from structures such as the ampulla of Vater. ... Because the label "apudoma" is very general, it is preferred to use a more specific term when possible.[citation needed] VIPoma ... 2002). "[Apudoma of Vaters ampulla: case report and review of the literature]". Il Giornale di Chirurgia (in Italian). 23 (3 ... Spence RW, Burns-Cox CJ (1975). "ACTH-secreting apudoma of gallbladder". Gut. 16 (6): 473-6. doi:10.1136/gut.16.6.473. PMC ...
What is an Apudoma?
Carcinoid tumors may secrete hormones that can cause thickening of the lining of heart chambers, valves and blood vessels. This can lead to leaky heart valves and heart failure that may require valve-replacement surgery.. Is neuroendocrine tumor the same as carcinoid tumor?. Overview. Carcinoid tumors are a type of slow-growing cancer that can arise in several places throughout your body. Carcinoid tumors, which are one subset of tumors called neuroendocrine tumors, usually begin in the digestive tract (stomach, appendix, small intestine, colon, rectum) or in the lungs.. How rare are neuroendocrine tumors?. Neuroendocrine tumors are rare, accounting for less than one percent of all malignant disorders in the United States. It is estimated that fewer than 2,000 new cases occur in the United States each year.. ...
Apudoma
... On-line free medical diagnosis assistant. Ranked list of possible diseases from either several symptoms or a full ... Ranked list of diseases related to "apudoma"Drugs, active principles and "apudoma"Medicinal plantsQuestions and answers from ... Apudoma. A general term collectively applied to tumors associated with the apud cells series, irrespective of their specific ...
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Clinical picture of apudoma. Apudoma neoplasms originate from the so-called APUD cells (APUD) of the gastrointestinal mucosa, ... The main classification involves the division of tumors into 2 groups: orthoendocrine apudoma; paraendocrine apudoma; Those ... We list the main signs that characterize the presence in the body of such neoplasms as apudoma: redness of the skin of the face ... Like other tumors, apudoma are both malignant and benign. About 90% are localized in the gastrointestinal tract, and the ...
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Merkel Cell Tumors of the Head and Neck: Overview, Pathophysiology and Etiology, Clinical Features
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ICD-10-CM Code C44.122 - Squamous cell carcinoma of skin of right eyelid, including canthus
MeSH Browser
Sacrococcygeal teratoma
During prenatal ultrasound, an SCT having an external component may appear as a fluid-filled cyst or a solid mass sticking out from the fetus body. Fetal SCTs that are entirely internal may be undetected if they are small; detection (or at least suspicion) is possible when the fetal bladder is seen in an abnormal position, due to the SCT pushing other organs out of place.. At birth, the usual presentation is a visible lump or mass under the skin at the top of the buttocks crease. If not visible, it can sometimes be felt; gently prodded, it feels somewhat like a hardboiled egg. A small SCT, if it is entirely inside the body, may not present for years, until it grows large enough to cause pain, constipation and other symptoms of a large mass inside the pelvis, or until it begins to extend out of the pelvis. Even a relatively large SCT may be missed, if it is internal, because the bony pelvis conceals and protects it. Mediastinal tumors, including teratomas, are similarly concealed and protected ...
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A neoplasm that arises from SCHWANN CELLS of the cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. Clinically, these tumors may present as a cranial neuropathy, abdominal or soft tissue mass, intracranial lesion, or with spinal cord compression. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, highly vascular, and composed of a homogenous pattern of biphasic fusiform-shaped cells that may have a palisaded appearance. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp964-5 ...
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Neuroendocrine2
- Since then, it has been referred to as cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, small cell tumor of the skin, primary undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin, anaplastic carcinoma of the skin, murky cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor of the skin, or cutaneous APUDoma (a tumor composed of cells with amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation [APUD] cytochemical properties). (medscape.com)
- It is also known as cutaneous APUDoma, primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, primary small cell carcinoma of the skin, and trabecular carcinoma of the skin. (icd.codes)
Tumors2
- Like other tumors, apudoma are both malignant and benign. (omeprazolef.com)
- The second type of apudoma are paraendocrine tumors. (omeprazolef.com)
APUD3
- In pathology, an apudoma is an endocrine tumour that arises from an APUD cell from structures such as the ampulla of Vater. (wikipedia.org)
- Apudoma neoplasms originate from the so-called APUD cells (APUD) of the gastrointestinal mucosa, as well as from pancreatic islet cells. (omeprazolef.com)
- Regarding the symptoms of the disease, the main symptom of apudoma is an excess of peptides and hormones that are produced by APUD cells. (omeprazolef.com)
Primary2
- Primary hepatic apudoma with serotonin syndrome]. (semanticscholar.org)
- Primary hepatic apudoma associated with serotonin syndrome was recorded in a man of 55 followed up for 6 years. (semanticscholar.org)
General1
- Because the label "apudoma" is very general, it is preferred to use a more specific term when possible. (wikipedia.org)
Cells1
- Neural crest cells are precursors of APUDoma and neurogenic cells. (medscape.com)
Endocrine2
- Several other names have been used to describe MCC, among these are: anaplastic carcinoma of the skin, apudoma, endocrine carcinoma of the skin, neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin (NEC), primary small-cell carcinoma of the skin, primary undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin, and trabecular cell carcinoma. (encyclopedia.com)
- Being an endocrine tumor, or apudoma, thyroid nodules entail the development of hyperthyroidism. (allcysts.com)
Carcinoma3
- This skin cancer has been called by several other names, including primary small-cell carcinoma of the skin, APUDoma, primary undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin, and the Toker tumor. (medscape.com)
- Since then, it has been referred to as cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, small cell tumor of the skin, primary undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin, anaplastic carcinoma of the skin, murky cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor of the skin, or cutaneous APUDoma (a tumor composed of cells with amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation [APUD] cytochemical properties). (medscape.com)
- It is also known as cutaneous APUDoma, primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, primary small cell carcinoma of the skin, and trabecular carcinoma of the skin. (icd.codes)