Apraxias
A group of cognitive disorders characterized by the inability to perform previously learned skills that cannot be attributed to deficits of motor or sensory function. The two major subtypes of this condition are ideomotor (see APRAXIA, IDEOMOTOR) and ideational apraxia, which refers to loss of the ability to mentally formulate the processes involved with performing an action. For example, dressing apraxia may result from an inability to mentally formulate the act of placing clothes on the body. Apraxias are generally associated with lesions of the dominant PARIETAL LOBE and supramarginal gyrus. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp56-7)
Apraxia, Ideomotor
A form of apraxia characterized by an acquired inability to carry out a complex motor activity despite the ability to mentally formulate the action. This condition has been attributed to a disruption of connections between the dominant parietal cortex and supplementary and premotor cortical regions in both hemispheres. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p57)
Gait Apraxia
Speech Disorders
Aphasia
A cognitive disorder marked by an impaired ability to comprehend or express language in its written or spoken form. This condition is caused by diseases which affect the language areas of the dominant hemisphere. Clinical features are used to classify the various subtypes of this condition. General categories include receptive, expressive, and mixed forms of aphasia.
Ocular Motility Disorders
Disorders that feature impairment of eye movements as a primary manifestation of disease. These conditions may be divided into infranuclear, nuclear, and supranuclear disorders. Diseases of the eye muscles or oculomotor cranial nerves (III, IV, and VI) are considered infranuclear. Nuclear disorders are caused by disease of the oculomotor, trochlear, or abducens nuclei in the BRAIN STEM. Supranuclear disorders are produced by dysfunction of higher order sensory and motor systems that control eye movements, including neural networks in the CEREBRAL CORTEX; BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; and BRAIN STEM. Ocular torticollis refers to a head tilt that is caused by an ocular misalignment. Opsoclonus refers to rapid, conjugate oscillations of the eyes in multiple directions, which may occur as a parainfectious or paraneoplastic condition (e.g., OPSOCLONUS-MYOCLONUS SYNDROME). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p240)
Agraphia
Loss or impairment of the ability to write (letters, syllables, words, or phrases) due to an injury to a specific cerebral area or occasionally due to emotional factors. This condition rarely occurs in isolation, and often accompanies APHASIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p485; APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)
Thalamic Diseases
Disorders of the centrally located thalamus, which integrates a wide range of cortical and subcortical information. Manifestations include sensory loss, MOVEMENT DISORDERS; ATAXIA, pain syndromes, visual disorders, a variety of neuropsychological conditions, and COMA. Relatively common etiologies include CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; BRAIN HYPOXIA; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; and infectious processes.
Ataxia
Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions.
Hypoalbuminemia
Basal Ganglia Diseases
Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS. DYSKINESIAS (most notably involuntary movements and alterations of the rate of movement) represent the primary clinical manifestations of these disorders. Common etiologies include CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.
Articulation Disorders
Gait Ataxia
Impairment of the ability to coordinate the movements required for normal ambulation (WALKING) which may result from impairments of motor function or sensory feedback. This condition may be associated with BRAIN DISEASES (including CEREBELLAR DISEASES and BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES); SPINAL CORD DISEASES; or PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES.
Cerebellar Ataxia
Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90)
Speech Production Measurement
Speech Therapy
Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies
A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which share progressive ataxia in combination with atrophy of the CEREBELLUM; PONS; and inferior olivary nuclei. Additional clinical features may include MUSCLE RIGIDITY; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINAL DEGENERATION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; DEMENTIA; URINARY INCONTINENCE; and OPHTHALMOPLEGIA. The familial form has an earlier onset (second decade) and may feature spinal cord atrophy. The sporadic form tends to present in the fifth or sixth decade, and is considered a clinical subtype of MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1085)
Neuropsychological Tests
Higher Nervous Activity
Agnosia
Loss of the ability to comprehend the meaning or recognize the importance of various forms of stimulation that cannot be attributed to impairment of a primary sensory modality. Tactile agnosia is characterized by an inability to perceive the shape and nature of an object by touch alone, despite unimpaired sensation to light touch, position, and other primary sensory modalities.
Limb apraxias: higher-order disorders of sensorimotor integration. (1/32)
Limb apraxia comprises a wide spectrum of higher-order motor disorders that result from acquired brain disease affecting the performance of skilled, learned movements. At present, limb apraxia is primarily classified by the nature of the errors made by the patient and the pathways through which these errors are elicited, based on a two-system model for the organization of action: a conceptual system and a production system. Dysfunction of the former would cause ideational (or conceptual) apraxia, whereas impairment of the latter would induce ideomotor and limb-kinetic apraxia. Currently, it is possible to approach several types of limb apraxia within the framework of our knowledge of the modular organization of the brain. Multiple parallel parietofrontal circuits, devoted to specific sensorimotor transformations, have been described in monkeys: visual and somatosensory transformations for reaching; transformation of information about the location of body parts necessary for the control of movements; somatosensory transformation for posture; visual transformation for grasping; and internal representation of actions. Evidence from anatomical and functional brain imaging studies suggests that the organization of the cortical motor system in humans is based on the same principles. Imitation of postures and movements also seems to be subserved by dedicated neural systems, according to the content of the gesture (meaningful versus meaningless) to be imitated. Damage to these systems would produce different types of ideomotor and limb-kinetic praxic deficits depending on the context in which the movement is performed and the cognitive demands of the action. On the other hand, ideational (or conceptual) apraxia would reflect an inability to select and use objects due to the disruption of normal integration between systems subserving the functional knowledge of actions and those involved in object knowledge. (+info)Neural representations of skilled movement. (2/32)
The frontal and parietal cortex are intimately involved in the representation of goal-directed movements, but the crucial neuroanatomical sites are not well established in humans. In order to identify these sites more precisely, we studied stroke patients who had the classic syndrome of ideomotor limb apraxia, which disrupts goal-directed movements, such as writing or brushing teeth. Patients with and without limb apraxia were identified by assessing errors imitating gestures and specifying a cut-off for apraxia relative to a normal control group. We then used MRI or CT for lesion localization and compared areas of overlap in those patients with and without limb apraxia. Patients with ideomotor limb apraxia had damage lateralized to a left hemispheric network involving the middle frontal gyrus and intraparietal sulcus region. Thus, the results revealed that discrete areas in the left hemisphere of humans are critical for control of complex goal-directed movements. (+info)Multimodal EEG analysis in man suggests impairment-specific changes in movement-related electric brain activity after stroke. (3/32)
Movement-related slow cortical potentials and event-related desynchronization of alpha (alpha-ERD) and beta (beta-ERD) activity after self-paced voluntary triangular finger movements were studied in 13 ischaemic supratentorial stroke patients and 10 age-matched control subjects during movement preparation and actual performance. The stroke patients suffered from central arm paresis (n = 8), somatosensory deficits (n = 3) or ideomotor apraxia (n = 2). The multimodal EEG analysis suggested impairment-specific changes in the movement-related electrical activity of the brain. The readiness potential of paretic subjects was centred more anteriorly and laterally; during movement, they showed increased beta-ERD at left lateral frontal recording sites. Patients with somatosensory deficits showed reduced alpha-ERD and beta-ERD during both movement preparation and actual performance. Patients with ideomotor apraxia showed more lateralized frontal movement-related slow cortical potentials during both movement preparation and performance, and reduced left parietal beta-ERD during movement preparation. We conclude that (i) disturbed motor efference is associated with an increased need for excitatory drive of pyramidal cells in motor and premotor areas or an attempt to drive movements through projections from these areas to brainstem motor systems during movement preparation; (ii) an undisturbed somatosensory afference might contribute to the release of relevant cortical areas from their 'idling' state when movements are prepared and performed; and (iii) apraxic patients have a relative lack of activity of the mesial frontal motor system and the left parietal cortex, which is believed to be part of a network subserving ideomotor praxis. (+info)Cortical and subcortical contributions to ideomotor apraxia: analysis of task demands and error types. (4/32)
Ideomotor apraxia (IMA) is often associated with damage of the dominant parietal cortex, but many other lesion sites have been implicated suggesting that the praxis system is mediated by a distributed modular network. Although IMA has been reported with subcortical lesions, the role of subcortical structures in the praxis neural network has not been fully addressed. To ascertain the role of subcortical structures in praxis, we compared praxis performance on a variety of tasks in patients with left hemisphere cortical and subcortical lesions. The cortical patients presented with deficits in the production of transitive and intransitive gestures-to-verbal command and imitation, as well as impaired gesture discrimination. In contrast, the subcortical group demonstrated mild production-execution deficits for transitive pantomimes, but normal imitation and discrimination. Qualitative error analysis of production deficits, revealed that both patient groups produced timing errors and the full range of spatial errors. Whereas the subcortical group made more postural errors than the cortical group, sequencing, unrecognizable and no-response errors were only produced by the cortical group. The different profiles of praxis deficits associated with cortical and subcortical lesions, suggests that these structures may have different roles in praxis. (+info)Ability to learn inhaler technique in relation to cognitive scores and tests of praxis in old age. (5/32)
Clinical observations have shown that some older patients are unable to learn to use a metered dose inhaler (MDI) despite having a normal abbreviated mental test (AMT) score, possibly because of dyspraxia or unrecognised cognitive impairment. Thirty inhaler-naive inpatients (age 76-94) with an AMT score of 8-10 (normal) were studied. Standard MDI training was given and the level of competence reached was scored (inhalation score). A separate observer performed the minimental test (MMT), Barthel index, geriatric depression score (GDS), ideational dyspraxia test (IDT), and ideomotor dyspraxia test (IMD). No correlative or threshold relationship was found between inhalation score and Barthel index, GDS, or IDT. However, a significant correlation was found between inhalation score and IMD (r = 0.45, p = 0.039) and MMT (r = 0.48, p = 0.032) and threshold effects emerged in that no subject with a MMT score of less than 23/30 had an inhalation score of 5/10 or more (adequate technique requires 6/10 or more), and all 17/18 with an inhalation score of 6/10 or more had an IMD of 14/20 or more. The three patients with a MMT >22 and inhalation score <6 had abnormal IMD scores. Inability to learn an adequate inhaler technique in subjects with a normal AMT score appears to be due to unrecognised cognitive impairment or dyspraxia. The MMT is probably a more useful screening test than the AMT score in this context. (+info)Pantomime to visual presentation of objects: left hand dyspraxia in patients with complete callosotomy. (6/32)
Investigations of left hand praxis in imitation and object use in patients with callosal disconnection have yielded divergent results, inducing a debate between two theoretical positions. Whereas Liepmann suggested that the left hemisphere is motor dominant, others maintain that both hemispheres have equal motor competences and propose that left hand apraxia in patients with callosal disconnection is secondary to left hemispheric specialization for language or other task modalities. The present study aims to gain further insight into the motor competence of the right hemisphere by investigating pantomime of object use in split-brain patients. Three patients with complete callosotomy and, as control groups, five patients with partial callosotomy and nine healthy subjects were examined for their ability to pantomime object use to visual object presentation and demonstrate object manipulation. In each condition, 11 objects were presented to the subjects who pantomimed or demonstrated the object use with either hand. In addition, six object pairs were presented to test bimanual coordination. Two independent raters evaluated the videotaped movement demonstrations. While object use demonstrations were perfect in all three groups, the split-brain patients displayed apraxic errors only with their left hands in the pantomime condition. The movement analysis of concept and execution errors included the examination of ipsilateral versus contralateral motor control. As the right hand/left hemisphere performances demonstrated retrieval of the correct movement concepts, concept errors by the left hand were taken as evidence for right hemisphere control. Several types of execution errors reflected a lack of distal motor control indicating the use of ipsilateral pathways. While one split-brain patient controlled his left hand predominantly by ipsilateral pathways in the pantomime condition, the error profile in the other two split-brain patients suggested that the right hemisphere controlled their left hands. In the object use condition, in all three split-brain patients fine-graded distal movements in the left hand indicated right hemispheric control. Our data show left hand apraxia in split-brain patients is not limited to verbal commands, but also occurs in pantomime to visual presentation of objects. As the demonstration with object in hand was unimpaired in either hand, both hemispheres must contain movement concepts for object use. However, the disconnected right hemisphere is impaired in retrieving the movement concept in response to visual object presentation, presumably because of a deficit in associating perceptual object representation with the movement concepts. (+info)A new classification of higher level gait disorders in patients with cerebral multi-infarct states. (7/32)
BACKGROUND: cerebral multi-infarct states may lead to gait disorders in the absence of cognitive impairment. Where these gait disorders occur in the absence of neurological signs they have been termed gait apraxia or more recently higher-level gait disorders. In this paper we hypothesise three main types based on presumptive sites of anatomical damage: (a) Ignition Apraxia, where damage is predominantly in the supplementary motor area and its connections, with good responses to external clues; (b) Equilibrium Apraxia, where damage is predominantly in the pre-motor area in its connections, with poor responses to external cues and (c) Mixed Gait Apraxia. SUBJECTS: the clinical features and measured gait parameters of 13 patients with cerebral multi-infarct states and higher-level gait disorder are described (7 with Ignition Apraxia and 6 with Equilibrium Apraxia) along with those of 6 healthy elderly control subjects. METHODS: baseline gait characteristics were assessed on a walkway, which measured the following: step lengths, width of base and velocity. RESULTS: measured baseline gait parameters support the above hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS: it is suggested, though not proven, that patients with Ignition Apraxia could have problems with internal cueing due to lesions in the supplementary motor area or its connections whereas those with Equilibrium Apraxia could have dysfunction predominantly in the pre-motor area and its connections. (+info)Evaluation of ideomotor apraxia in patients with stroke: a study of reliability and validity. (8/32)
OBJECTIVE: This aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of an established ideomotor apraxia test when applied to a Turkish stroke patient population and to healthy controls. SUBJECTS: The study group comprised 50 patients with right hemiplegia and 36 with left hemiplegia, who had developed the condition as a result of a cerebrovascular accident, and 33 age-matched healthy subjects. METHODS: The subjects were evaluated for apraxia using an established ideomotor apraxia test. The cut-off value of the test and the reliability coefficient between observers were determined. RESULTS: Apraxia was found in 54% patients with right hemiplegia (most being severe) and in 25% of left hemiplegic patients (most being mild). The apraxia scores for patients with right hemiplegia were found to be significantly lower than for those with left hemiplegia and for healthy subjects. There was no statistically significant difference between patients with left hemiplegia and healthy subjects. CONCLUSION: It was shown that the ideomotor apraxia test could distinguish apraxic from non-apraxic subjects. The reliability coefficient among observers in the study was high and a reliability study of the ideomotor apraxia test was therefore performed. (+info)
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Ideomotor apraxia
This test screens for ideational and ideomotor apraxia, with the second portion aimed specifically at ideomotor apraxia. One ... The speed and accuracy of grasping objects also appears unaffected by ideomotor apraxia. Patients with ideomotor apraxia appear ... There is no one definitive test for ideomotor apraxia; there are several that are used clinically to make an ideomotor apraxia ... seems to be unaffected by ideomotor apraxia. It has also been shown that individuals with ideomotor apraxia may have some ...
Body part as object
Ideomotor apraxia: Error pattern analysis. Aphasiology, 2, 381-388. Raymer A.M., Maher, L.M., Foundas, A.L, Heilman K.M., & ... Error types in ideomotor apraxia: A qualitative analysis. Brain and Cognition, 25, 250-270. Martin, P., Tewesmeier, M., Albers ... Apraxia is a neurological condition in which an individual loses the ability to execute movements that the individual is ... Studies of motor apraxia use BPO measures to better understand gestural impairment in apraxic patients, and often consider ...
Agraphia
Apraxic agraphia without ideomotor apraxia may be caused by damage to either of the parietal lobes, the dominant frontal lobe, ... Apraxic agraphia with ideomotor apraxia is typically caused by damage to the superior parietal lobe (where graphomotor plans ... Apraxic agraphia may present with or without ideomotor apraxia. Paralysis, chorea, Parkinson's disease (micrographia), and ... In global apraxia, spelling knowledge is lost to such a degree that the individual can only write very few meaningful words, or ...
Alien hand syndrome
The left hand also showed signs of severe ideomotor apraxia. It was able to mimic actions but only with the help of mirror ... "Alien hand syndrome of the dominant hand and ideomotor apraxia of the nondominant hand". European Neurology. 36 (1): 39-42. doi ... Goldstein developed a "doctrine of motor apraxia" in which he discussed the generation of voluntary action and proposed a brain ... Apraxia and Related Syndromes at eMedicine Kischka, U; Ettlin, TM; Lichtenstern, L; Riedo, C (1996). " ...
Mixed-design analysis of variance
Comments on longitudinal ideomotor apraxia recovery." Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 12, 75-83. Gueorguieva, R. & Krystal, ...
Apraxia
Also, apraxia possibly may be caused by lesions in other areas of the brain. Ideomotor apraxia is typically due to a decrease ... Ideomotor apraxia is having deficits in the ability to plan or complete motor actions that rely on semantic memory. These ... Hanna-Pladdy, B; Heilman, K.M.; Foundas, A.L. (Feb 2003). "Ecological implications of ideomotor apraxia: evidence from physical ... Some individuals with apraxia may benefit from the use of a communication aid. However, many people with apraxia are no longer ...
Imitation
He was the one who coined the term "apraxia" and differentiated between ideational and ideomotor apraxia. It is in this basic ...
Disconnection syndrome
Callosal disconnection syndrome is characterized by left ideomotor apraxia and left-hand agraphia and/or tactile anomia, and is ... Callosal disconnection syndrome is characterized by left ideomotor apraxia and left-hand agraphia and/or tactile anomia, and is ... Movement - Apraxia and agraphia may occur where responding to any verbal instructions by movement or writing in the left hand ... Disconnection syndrome can also lead to aphasia, left-sided apraxia, and tactile aphasia, among other symptoms. Other types of ...
St. Rita School for the Deaf
... which include but is not limited to ideomotor, ideation, limb-kinetic and ocular motor apraxias). The school's Montessori pre- ... apraxia. The program teaches to the students communication disabilities (oral-buccofacial apraxia) and encompasses each ... student's global dyspraxic apraxia disabilities that affect the student's fine and gross motor skills with their motor planning ...
Corticobasal degeneration
Parkinsonism Alien hand syndrome Apraxia (ideomotor apraxia and limb-kinetic apraxia) Aphasia The presence of parkinsonism as a ... Ideomotor apraxia (IMA), although clearly present in CBD, often manifests atypically due to the additional presence of ... Some individuals with CBD exhibit limb-kinetic apraxia, which involves dysfunction of more fine motor movements often performed ... 71% had bradykinesia (slow movements), 64% showed apraxia, 43% reported limb dystonia, and although more cognitive 36% had ...
Hugo Liepmann
He conducted extensive research of a disorder he called apraxia, a term that he introduced in 1900.[citation needed] Apraxia is ... ideomotor: the inability to follow verbal commands or mimic an action, such as saluting or waving goodbye. kinetic: clumsiness ... The pathology of apraxia ("motor asymbolia") pursuant to a case of unilateral apraxia. Über Ideenflucht. Begriffsbestimmung und ... As a result of his studies, he divided apraxia into three types: ideational: object blindness, where the patient is incapable ...
Ideational apraxia
... with the treatment approach being the same as that of ideomotor apraxia. Some recovery may occur in younger patients after ... The term apraxia was first created by Steinthal in 1871 and was then applied by Gogol, Kusmaul, Star, and Pick to patients who ... Ideational apraxia is difficult to diagnose. This is because the majority of patients who have this disorder also have some ... Ideational apraxia (IA) is a neurological disorder which explains the loss of ability to conceptualize, plan, and execute the ...
List of MeSH codes (C23)
... apraxias MeSH C23.888.592.604.882.350.200 - apraxia, ideomotor MeSH C23.888.592.604.882.350.600 - gait apraxia MeSH C23.888. ... gait apraxia MeSH C23.888.592.413.450 - gait ataxia MeSH C23.888.592.544 - meningism MeSH C23.888.592.604 - neurobehavioral ... manifestations MeSH C23.888.592.604.080 - apraxias MeSH C23.888.592.604.115 - catatonia MeSH C23.888.592.604.150 - ...
List of MeSH codes (F01)
... apraxias MeSH F01.700.875.350.200 - apraxia, ideomotor MeSH F01.700.875.700 - psychomotor agitation MeSH F01.752.049 - ... apraxias MeSH F01.700.080.500 - gait apraxia MeSH F01.700.165 - catatonia MeSH F01.700.250 - confusion MeSH F01.700.250.500 - ...
List of MeSH codes (C10)
... apraxias MeSH C10.597.606.881.350.200 - apraxia, ideomotor MeSH C10.597.606.881.350.600 - gait apraxia MeSH C10.597.606.881.700 ... gait apraxia MeSH C10.597.404.450 - gait ataxia MeSH C10.597.606.115 - catatonia MeSH C10.597.606.150 - communication disorders ...
List of diseases (A)
Ideomotor Apraxia manual Apraxia, ocular motor, Cogan type Apudoma Aqueductal stenosis Aqueductal stenosis, X linked ... Apolipoprotein C-II deficiency Apparent mineralocorticoid excess Appelt-Gerken-Lenz syndrome Appendicitis Apraxia Apraxia, ...
IMA
Australia Ideomotor apraxia, a neurological disorder Inferior mesenteric artery Thyroid ima artery Ima (BT album), 1995 Ima ( ...
Facilitated communication
The facilitator may believe they are not the source of the messages due to the ideomotor effect, which is the same effect that ... Proponents of FC claim that the reason people with autism cannot communicate effectively involves motor issues such as apraxia ... James Randi, a magician familiar with the ideomotor effect commonly attributed to dowsing and later linked to FC, was called in ... Instead, research indicates that the facilitator is the source of the messages obtained through FC (involving ideomotor effect ...
Augmentative and alternative communication
The facilitator may believe they are not the source of the messages due to the ideomotor effect, which is the same effect that ... Developmental verbal dyspraxia, also known as childhood apraxia of speech, is a developmental motor speech disorder involving ... Cumley, G.; Swanson, S. (1999). "Augmentative and Alternative Communication Options for Children with Developmental Apraxia of ... "The use of a digital voice output device to facilitate language development in a child with developmental apraxia of speech: a ...
Split-brain
In 1908, Hugo Liepmann observed left-sided apraxia (a motor disorder of motor planning to perform tasks or movements) and ... Alien hand syndrome Society of Mind Parallel computing Laterality Mind-body problem Philosophy of mind Theory of mind Ideomotor ...
2014 Ju-Jitsu World Championships
The 2014 Ju-Jitsu World Championship were the 12th edition of the Ju-Jitsu World Championships, and were held in Paris, France from November 28 to November 30, 2014. 28.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Men's Duo System - Classic 29.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Women's Duo System - Classic 30.11.2014 - Men's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Mixed Duo System - Classic, Team event Vincent MATCZAK (2014-09-30). "4TH INVITAION TO WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP 2014" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-11-28.[dead link] Online results Official results (PDF) Mixed team event results (PDF) (All articles with dead external links, Articles with dead external links from April 2022, Ju-Jitsu World Championships, 2014 in French sport ...
Bolley Johnson
Bolley L. "Bo" Johnson (born November 15, 1951) is an American politician from the state of Florida. A member of the Democratic Party, Johnson was a member of the Florida House of Representatives, and served as the Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives. Johnson is from Milton, Florida. His father and grandfather served as county commissioners for Santa Rosa County, Florida. Johnson graduated from Milton High School, and became the first member of his family to attend college. He received his bachelor's degree from Florida State University. Johnson volunteered for Mallory Horne when Horne served as the president of the Florida Senate. At the age of 22, Johnson met Lawton Chiles, then a member of the United States Senate, who hired him as a legislative aide in 1973. Johnson was elected to the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 4th district from November 7, 1978 to November 3, 1992. He also served the 1st district from November 3, 1992 to November 8, 1994. He became the ...
Don't Say No
... may refer to: Don't Say No (Billy Squier album), a 1981 album by American rock singer Billy Squier, and its title track Don't Say No (Seohyun EP), a 2016 extended play by South Korean pop singer Seohyun, and its title track "Don't Say No" (Tom Tom Club song), from the 1988 album Boom Boom Chi Boom Boom "Don't Say No", by Robbie Williams from the 2005 album Intensive Care "Don't Say No Tonight", a 1985 single by Eugene Wilde This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Don't Say No. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. (Disambiguation pages with short descriptions, Short description is different from Wikidata, All article disambiguation pages, All disambiguation pages, Disambiguation pages ...
Dewoitine D.371
The Dewoitine 37 was the first of a family of 1930s French-built monoplane fighter aircraft. The D.37 was a single-seat aircraft of conventional configuration. Its fixed landing gear used a tailskid. The open cockpit was located slightly aft of the parasol wing. The radial engine allowed for a comparatively wide fuselage and cockpit. Design of this machine was by SAF-Avions Dewoitine but owing to over work at that companies plant at the time, manufacture of the D.37/01 was transferred to Lioré et Olivier. They were high-wing monoplanes of all-metal construction with valve head blisters on their engine cowlings. The first prototype flew in October 1931. Flight testing resulted in the need for multiple revisions in both engine and airframe, so it was February 1934 before the second prototype flew. Its performance prompted the French government to order for 28 for the Armée de l'Air and Aéronavale. The Lithuanian government ordered 14 that remained in service with their Air Force until 1936, ...
Noor-ul-Ain
The Noor-ul-Ain (Persian: نور العين, lit. 'the light of the eye') is one of the largest pink diamonds in the world, and the centre piece of the tiara of the same name. The diamond is believed to have been recovered from the mines of Golconda, Hyderabad in India. It was first in possession with the nizam Abul Hasan Qutb Shah, later it was given as a peace offering to the Mughal emperor Aurangazeb when he defeated him in a siege. It was brought into the Iranian Imperial collection after the Persian king Nader Shah Afshar looted Delhi in the 18th century.[citation needed] The Noor-ul-Ain is believed to have once formed part of an even larger gem called the Great Table diamond. That larger diamond is thought to have been cut in two, with one section becoming the Noor-ul-Ain and the other the Daria-i-Noor diamond. Both of these pieces are currently part of the Iranian Crown Jewels. The Noor-ul-Ain is the principal diamond mounted in a tiara of the same name made for Iranian Empress Farah ...
Benoist Land Tractor Type XII
The Benoist Land Tractor Type XII was one of the first enclosed cockpit, tractor configuration aircraft built. Benoist used "Model XII" to several aircraft that shared the same basic engine and wing design, but differed in fuselage and control surfaces. The Type XII was a tractor-engined conversion of the model XII headless pusher aircraft that resembled the Curtiss pusher aircraft. Demonstration pilots used Benoist aircraft to demonstrate the first parachute jumps, and the tractor configuration was considered much more suitable for the task. The first example named the "Military Plane" had a small box frame covered fuselage that left the occupants mostly exposed to the wind. The later model XII "Cross Country Plane" had a full fuselage that occupants sat inside of. The first tractor biplane used a wooden fuselage with a small seat on top. The wings were covered with a Goodyear rubberized cloth. The first model XII was built in the spring of 1912. On 1 March 1912, Albert Berry used a headless ...
Santa Cruz Barillas
... (also known as Yalmotx in Qʼanjobʼal) is a town, with a population of 17,166 (2018 census), and a municipality in the Guatemalan department of Huehuetenango. It is situated at 1450 metres above sea level. It covers a terrain of 1,174 km². The annual festival is April 29-May 4. Barillas has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round and extremely heavy rainfall from June to August. Citypopulation.de Population of departments and municipalities in Guatemala Citypopulation.de Population of cities & towns in Guatemala "Climate: Barillas". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved July 26, 2020. Muni in Spanish Website of Santa Cruz Barillas Coordinates: 15°48′05″N 91°18′45″W / 15.8014°N 91.3125°W / 15.8014; -91.3125 v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles containing Q'anjob'al-language text, Coordinates on Wikidata, ...
Maria Margaret Pollen
Maria Margaret La Primaudaye Pollen (10 April 1838 - c. 1919), known as Minnie, was a decorative arts collector. As Mrs John Hungerford Pollen, she became known during the early-twentieth century as an authority on the history of textiles, publishing Seven Centuries of Lace in 1908. Maria Margaret La Primaudaye was born into a Huguenot family on 10 April 1838, the third child of the Revd Charles John La Primaudaye, a descendant of Pierre de La Primaudaye. She was educated in Italy. Her family converted to Catholicism in 1851, and it was in Rome that her father met another recent English convert, John Hungerford Pollen, previously an Anglican priest and a decorative artist. She became engaged to Pollen, who was then seventeen years her senior, in the summer of 1854, and was married in the church of Woodchester monastery, near Stroud, Gloucester, on 18 September 1855. The Pollens initially settled in Dublin, where John Hungerford Pollen had been offered the professorship of fine arts at the ...
Ronald Fogleman
Ronald Robert Fogleman (born January 27, 1942) is a retired United States Air Force general who served as the 15th Chief of Staff of the Air Force from 1994 to 1997 and as Commanding General of the United States Transportation Command from 1992 to 1994. A 1963 graduate from the United States Air Force Academy, he holds a master's degree in military history and political science from Duke University. A command pilot and a parachutist, he amassed more than 6,800 flying hours in fighter, transport, tanker and rotary wing aircraft. He flew 315 combat missions and logged 806 hours of combat flying in fighter aircraft. Eighty of his missions during the Vietnam War were as a "Misty FAC" in the F-100F Super Sabre at Phù Cát Air Base, South Vietnam between 25 December 1968 and 23 April 1969. Fogleman was shot down in Vietnam in 1968, while piloting an F-100. He was rescued by clinging to an AH-1 Cobra attack helicopter that landed at the crash site. In early assignments he instructed student pilots, ...
Peachtree Street (song)
Peachtree Street" is a 1950 song co-written and recorded by Frank Sinatra in a duet with Rosemary Clooney. The song was released as a Columbia Records single. Frank Sinatra co-wrote the song with Leni Mason and Jimmy Saunders. Mason composed the music while Sinatra and Saunders wrote the lyrics. The song was arranged by George Siravo The song was released as an A side Columbia 10" 78 single, Catalog Number 38853, Matrix Number CO-43100-1 and as a 7" 33, 1-669. The B side was the re-issued "This Is the Night." Neither of the songs charted. The subject of the song is a stroll down the street in Atlanta, Georgia of the same name. Sinatra originally intended Dinah Shore to sing the duet with him. When Shore declined, Clooney was asked. The song was recorded on April 8, 1950. The song features spoken asides by Sinatra and Clooney. Rosemary Clooney asks: "Say, Frank, you wanna take a walk?" Frank Sinatra replies: "Sure, sweetie, just pick a street." He noted how there were no peach trees on the ...
Apraxia: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Apraxia is a disorder of the brain and nervous system in which a person is unable to perform tasks or movements when asked, ... Ideomotor apraxia. Inability to voluntarily perform a learned task when given the necessary objects. For instance, if given a ... Verbal apraxia; Dyspraxia; Speech disorder - apraxia; Childhood apraxia of speech; Apraxia of speech; Acquired apraxia ... Apraxia is caused by damage to the brain. When apraxia develops in a person who was previously able to perform the tasks or ...
Frontal Lobe Syndromes Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes
... with moderate ideomotor apraxia. The MRI demonstrates predominantly frontal (A) and anterior temporal atrophy (B) suggestive of ... Callosal apraxia also may occur with anterior cerebral artery strokes, causing unilateral left-limb apraxia. A curious finding ... Constructional apraxia: This refers to the inability to draw. On the Mini-Mental State Examination, subjects are asked to draw ... Buccofacial apraxia occurs when patients cannot perform movements with the mouth or lips and localizes separately near the ...
DeCS - Termos Novos
Frontotemporal Dementia and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Overview, Etiology, Genetic Distribution and Variation
Specific ideomotor apraxia - Rare, except in patients with language difficulty associated with corticobasal degeneration (see ... 59] reported that agrammatism and apraxia of speech were specifically useful in predicting the presence of a tau mutation and ... An overlap also exists with the syndrome of corticobasal degeneration, in which rigidity and apraxia of the upper limbs, ...
Complete Publications | Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences
Fast Five Quiz: Dementia Key Aspects
Symmetrical corticobasal syndrome caused by a novel c.314dup progranulin mutation<...
Neuropsychological assessment revealed prominent ideomotor and ideational apraxia, executive dysfunction, non-fluent aphasia ... Neuropsychological assessment revealed prominent ideomotor and ideational apraxia, executive dysfunction, non-fluent aphasia ... Neuropsychological assessment revealed prominent ideomotor and ideational apraxia, executive dysfunction, non-fluent aphasia ... Neuropsychological assessment revealed prominent ideomotor and ideational apraxia, executive dysfunction, non-fluent aphasia ...
Apraxia and Related Syndromes: Overview, Types of Apraxia, Apraxialike Syndromes
Therefore, patients with apraxia are unlikely to perform activities of daily living well. ... Apraxia, one of the most important and least understood major behavioral neurology syndromes, robs patients of the ability to ... Ideomotor apraxia. Testing for ideomotor apraxia can be performed at the bedside with simple tests for the ability to use tools ... Limb-kinetic apraxia. Limb-kinetic apraxia (as distinct from limb apraxia) means a clumsy hand. Typically, it refers to the ...
PEPSIC - pepsic.bvsalud.org
Titles list | Archive ouverte UNIGE
Ethics Quiz: Shock Therapy For The Disabled | Ethics Alarms
Talking Brains: Mirror Neurons - The unfalsifiable theory
but isnt there data that patients with ideomotor apraxia also have gesture recognition deficits? ... I have pointed out that this prediction doesnt hold, either in apraxia or with more force in aphasia. A typical response to ... In the human literature it has been operationalized as gesture recognition deficits in apraxia or speech recognition deficits ...
DeCS
Ideomotor Apraxia Ideomotor Apraxias Ideomotor Dyspraxia Ideomotor Dyspraxias Kinetic Apraxia, Limb Kinetic Apraxias, Limb Limb ... Ideomotor Apraxia. Ideomotor Apraxias. Ideomotor Dyspraxia. Ideomotor Dyspraxias. Kinetic Apraxia, Limb. Kinetic Apraxias, Limb ... Apraxia, Ideomotor Entry term(s). Apraxia, Classic Apraxia, Ideokinetic Apraxia, Limb Kinetic Apraxia, Transcortical Apraxias, ... Apraxias, Ideokinetic Apraxias, Ideomotor Apraxias, Limb Kinetic Apraxias, Transcortical Classic Apraxia Classic Apraxias ...
Code System Concept
DeCS - New terms
DeCS - New terms
DeCS - New terms
DeCS - New terms
DeCS - New terms
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DeCS - New terms
DeCS - New terms
DeCS - New terms
DeCS - New terms
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DeCS - Termos Novos
Find Research outputs
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Ideational apraxiaGait apraxiaLimbBuccofacialANTERIOR CEREBRInabilityHeilmanAphasiaStrokePatientsDisorderTasksSyndromesMovementsSpeechFormsTestsLeftImportantActionAtaxia with oculomotor apraxia typeOculomotor apraxiaIdeational ApraxiaConceptual apraxiaDeficitsBuccofacialForms of apraxiaTypes of ApraxiaCallosal apraxiaDementiaSpeechStrokeImpairmentGaitNeurologicalSpinal tapSensoryFrontalOccupational therapyAlienEvidenceAgnosiaPhenomenonDevelopsDisordersNervous systemTestDifficultyTreatmentAbilityPeopleApproachDamageHand
Ideational apraxia3
- Ideational apraxia. (medlineplus.gov)
- Neuropsychological assessment revealed prominent ideomotor and ideational apraxia, executive dysfunction, non-fluent aphasia and memory deficits. (elsevier.com)
- Patients with ideational apraxia have difficulty figuring out which motion to perform and have issue performing a series of actions within the appropriate sequence. (edu.pl)
Gait apraxia2
- In gait apraxia, it becomes impossible for a person to take even a small step. (medlineplus.gov)
- Gait apraxia is commonly seen in normal pressure hydrocephalus. (medlineplus.gov)
Limb2
- Limb-kinetic apraxia. (medlineplus.gov)
- Patients who have aphasia but who do not have coexisting apraxia can live independently, take the bus or subway, and lead a relatively normal life, while a patient with significant limb apraxia is likely to remain dependent. (medscape.com)
Buccofacial1
- Buccofacial or orofacial apraxia. (medlineplus.gov)
ANTERIOR CEREBR1
- Interestingly, callosal apraxia is rare after callosotomy and is much more common with anterior cerebral artery strokes or tumors. (medscape.com)
Inability1
- A form of apraxia characterized by an acquired inability to carry out a complex motor activity despite the ability to mentally formulate the action. (bvsalud.org)
Heilman2
- Heilman defined apraxia in negative terms, characterizing it as "a disorder of skilled movement not caused by weakness, akinesia, deafferentation, abnormal tone or posture, movement disorders such as tremors or chorea, intellectual deterioration, poor comprehension, or uncooperativeness. (medscape.com)
- Heilman, KM (1999) Cerebral lateralization - Relationship of language and ideomotor praxis. (ufl.edu)
Aphasia4
- Apraxia of speech is often present along with another speech disorder called aphasia. (medlineplus.gov)
- Apraxia of speech is now recognized as an articulation disorder distinct from dysarthria and aphasia. (medscape.com)
- Apraxia is one of the best localizing signs of the mental status examination and, unlike aphasia, also predicts disability in patients with stroke or dementia. (medscape.com)
- I have pointed out that this prediction doesn't hold, either in apraxia or with more force in aphasia. (talkingbrains.org)
Stroke4
- Contact the provider if someone has difficulty performing everyday tasks or has other symptoms of apraxia after a stroke or brain injury. (medlineplus.gov)
- Any disease of these areas can cause apraxia, although stroke and dementia are the most common causes. (medscape.com)
- Persistence of apraxia of speech after 12 months is associated with larger volume of the left-hemispheric stroke involving the Broca area. (medscape.com)
- Stroke patients with ideomotor apraxia (IMA) have difficulties controlling voluntary motor actions, as clearly seen when asked to imitate simple gestures performed by the examiner. (nfshost.com)
Patients4
- Goal-directed imitation of patients with ideomotor apraxia. (mpg.de)
- Specific ideomotor apraxia: This is rare, except in patients with language difficulty associated with corticobasal degeneration. (medscape.com)
- Apraxia, one of the most important and least understood major behavioral neurology syndromes, robs patients of the ability to use tools. (medscape.com)
- Therefore, patients with apraxia are unlikely to perform activities of daily living well. (medscape.com)
Disorder1
- Occupational and speech therapists play an important role in helping both people with apraxia and their caregivers learn ways to deal with the disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
Tasks2
- When apraxia develops in a person who was previously able to perform the tasks or abilities, it is called acquired apraxia. (medlineplus.gov)
- Many people with apraxia are no longer able to be independent and may have trouble performing everyday tasks. (medlineplus.gov)
Syndromes2
- There is no consensus on how to divide and organize the many different syndromes classified as apraxia. (medscape.com)
- Other disconnection syndromes embody alexia without agraphia, pure word deafness, and ideomotor apraxia. (edu.pl)
Movements2
- A person with apraxia is unable to put together the correct order of muscle movements. (medlineplus.gov)
- Conceptual apraxia is defined as a loss of knowledge about tools and the movements associated with their use. (medscape.com)
Speech2
- Standardized language and intellectual tests should be done if apraxia of speech is suspected. (medlineplus.gov)
- Speech apraxia is not a hearing problem. (medlineplus.gov)
Forms1
- Two forms of ideomotor apraxia. (bvsalud.org)
Tests1
- Neuropsychologic tests revealed ideomotor apraxia and alien hand syndrome presented with compulsive manipulation of tools or reflexive grasping in her left side. (e-jmd.org)
Left1
- Apraxia has a neurologic cause that localizes fairly well to the left inferior parietal lobule, the frontal lobes (especially the premotor cortex, supplementary motor area, and convexity), or the corpus callosum. (medscape.com)
Important1
- Recognition and treatment of depression is important for people with apraxia. (medlineplus.gov)
Action1
- Action generation and action perception in imitation: An instance of the ideomotor principle. (mpg.de)
Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type2
Oculomotor apraxia2
- Clinical manifestations (ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, oculomotor apraxia) of this disease have previously been limited to the nervous system. (nih.gov)
- Novel SETX variants in a patient with ataxia, neuropathy, and oculomotor apraxia are associated with normal sensitivity to oxidative DNA damaging agents. (nih.gov)
Ideational Apraxia1
- Ideational apraxia and ideomotor apraxia in dementia]. (elsevier.com)
Conceptual apraxia1
- Conceptual apraxia is defined as a loss of knowledge about tools and the movements associated with their use. (medscape.com)
Deficits1
- Objectives: The cardinal motor deficits seen in ideomotor limb apraxia are thought to arise from damage to internal representations for actions developed through learning and experience. (elsevier.com)
Buccofacial1
- Buccofacial or orofacial apraxia. (medlineplus.gov)
Forms of apraxia1
- And he's identified two different forms of apraxia of speech with contrasting clinical linguistic features, that have different etiologies. (langneurosci.org)
Types of Apraxia1
- There are different types of apraxia, which vary according to their link with the action or movement to be performed. (biotionary.com)
Callosal apraxia1
- Interestingly, callosal apraxia is rare after callosotomy and is much more common with anterior cerebral artery strokes or tumors. (medscape.com)
Dementia1
- Any disease of these areas can cause apraxia, although stroke and dementia are the most common causes. (medscape.com)
Speech7
- Persistence of apraxia of speech after 12 months is associated with larger volume of the left-hemispheric stroke involving the Broca area. (medscape.com)
- Standardized language and intellectual tests should be done if apraxia of speech is suspected. (medlineplus.gov)
- Occupational and speech therapists play an important role in helping both people with apraxia and their caregivers learn ways to deal with the disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
- Speech apraxia is not a hearing problem. (medlineplus.gov)
- Finally, it should be explained that childhood speech apraxia is a problem that develops in the motor system but the specific causes for which it begins are unknown. (biotionary.com)
- He's also made a compelling case that primary progressive apraxia of speech is a distinct neurological entity. (langneurosci.org)
- Even spoken words from people with apraxia of speech may also be unreliable and should be verified with them. (home.blog)
Stroke2
- Contact the provider if someone has difficulty performing everyday tasks or has other symptoms of apraxia after a stroke or brain injury. (medlineplus.gov)
- Stroke patients with ideomotor apraxia (IMA) have difficulties controlling voluntary motor actions, as clearly seen when asked to imitate simple gestures performed by the examiner. (nfshost.com)
Impairment2
- abnormal clock drawing task and additional constructional impairment) with moderate ideomotor apraxia. (medscape.com)
- A 74-year-old Caucasian woman showed a sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease clinical phenotype with reactive depression, followed by cognitive impairment, akinetic-rigid Parkinsonism with pseudobulbar syndrome and gait impairment with motor apraxia, visuospatial disorientation, and evident frontal dysfunction features such as grasping, palmomental reflex and brisk perioral reflexes. (biomedcentral.com)
Gait2
- In gait apraxia, it becomes impossible for a person to take even a small step. (medlineplus.gov)
- Gait apraxia is commonly seen in normal pressure hydrocephalus. (medlineplus.gov)
Neurological3
- The present study compared imitation performance in patients with ideomotor apraxia (IMA), eight right hemispheric-damaged patients, and eight control participants without neurological damage in three experiments. (ru.nl)
- If apraxia is a symptom of a neurological problem or other disorder, the pre-existing disease should be treated first. (biotionary.com)
- People are increasingly falling prey to the changing lifestyle that leaves no room for relaxation, leaving them sleep-deprived and frustrated.This, as a result, fuels the prevalence of neurological disorders such as apraxia. (mystrikingly.com)
Spinal tap1
- The medical studies that are carried out to detect apraxia are: computed tomography, electroencephalogram (EEG) or spinal tap, in order to detect if there are tumors or lesions in the brain, rule out epilepsy as the cause of the problem and any infection that may be affecting brain. (biotionary.com)
Sensory1
- When corticodentatonigral degeneration was first described, 1 the authors considered it a new entity characterized clinically by unilateral rigidity, cortical sensory loss, and apraxia, but recognized the resemblance of the pathologic features to Pick's disease. (neurology.org)
Frontal1
- Apraxia has a neurologic cause that localizes fairly well to the left inferior parietal lobule, the frontal lobes (especially the premotor cortex, supplementary motor area, and convexity), or the corpus callosum. (medscape.com)
Occupational therapy1
- Apraxia treatment may include physical therapy, intravenous immunoglobulin, and occupational therapy. (biotionary.com)
Alien1
- We prospectively followed 29 patients with CBDs, as defined by the development of asymmetrical extrapyramidal features, prominent apraxia, and alien hand phenomena. (neurology.org)
Evidence1
- Researchers have attributed the failure and evidence of facilitator influence to the ideomotor phenomenon. (home.blog)
Agnosia1
- [ 2 ] To simplify matters, apraxia can be considered a form of a motor agnosia. (medscape.com)
Phenomenon1
- this phenomenon has been termed "intermanual conflict" or "ideomotor apraxia . (medscape.com)
Develops1
- When apraxia develops in a person who was previously able to perform the tasks or abilities, it is called acquired apraxia. (medlineplus.gov)
Disorders1
- Moreover, the seminal efforts of key market players constantly bringing innovations and medical devices to treat apraxia bolster market growth.Growing prevalence of mental disorders fuelled by the fast life and various prevailing addictions such as alcohol, narcotics and etc., fuel the growth of the market. (mystrikingly.com)
Nervous system1
- Depending on the cause of apraxia, a number of other brain or nervous system problems may be present. (medlineplus.gov)
Test2
- However, the suppression correlated with De Renzi's apraxia test scores not only in central but also in occipital sites, suggesting a multifactorial mechanism for IMA, with a possible impact for deranged visual attention (alpha suppression) beyond the effect of MNS damage (mu suppression). (nfshost.com)
- Test to Measure Upper Limb Apraxia, MRI, and others. (mystrikingly.com)
Difficulty1
- People who suffer from apraxia are generally aware of their difficulty and the frustration that this fact causes them to fall into other mental illnesses, such as depression, for this reason psychological treatment for these individuals is essential, so that they do not stop. (biotionary.com)
Treatment2
- People with apraxia can benefit from treatment by a health care team. (medlineplus.gov)
- Recognition and treatment of depression is important for people with apraxia. (medlineplus.gov)
Ability1
- and ideomotor apraxia (ability to plan movement, but not to express what corresponds to it), among others. (biotionary.com)
People1
- Many people with apraxia are no longer able to be independent and may have trouble performing everyday tasks. (medlineplus.gov)
Approach1
- A quantitative approach to ideomotor apraxia. (nih.gov)
Damage2
- The magnitude of this late learning deficit was predicted by the degree of apraxia, and was correlated with the volume of damage in parietal cortex. (elsevier.com)
- Apraxia is caused by damage to the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
Hand1
- On the other hand, the little one who suffers from apraxia may have problems doing his homework, handling study materials or writing correctly. (biotionary.com)