AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and Processes
ApomorphineDopamine AgonistsReceptors, DopamineHaloperidolPiribedilEmeticsPenile ErectionPimozideStereotyped BehaviorDopamine AntagonistsStartle ReactionLevodopaAntiparkinson AgentsDopamineReceptors, Dopamine D2CatalepsyTranquilizing AgentsCarbidopaSensory GatingHydroxydopaminesYawningQuinpiroleParkinson DiseaseAdministration, SublingualDopamine AgentsParkinson Disease, SecondaryDomperidone2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepineReceptors, Dopamine D1OxidopamineErgolinesBis(4-Methyl-1-Homopiperazinylthiocarbonyl)disulfideAmphetamineMotor ActivityHarmineSubstantia NigraCorpus StriatumBehavior, AnimalPenisReceptors, Dopamine D3Infusion PumpsBenzazepinesDyskinesia, Drug-InducedSulpirideSpiperoneErectile DysfunctionLisurideInjections, SubcutaneousFlupenthixolDose-Response Relationship, DrugRats, Sprague-Dawley
Apomorphine
A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.
Dopamine Agonists
Drugs that bind to and activate dopamine receptors.
Receptors, Dopamine
Cell-surface proteins that bind dopamine with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells.
Haloperidol
A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279)
Piribedil
A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a D2 agonist.
Emetics
Agents that cause vomiting. They may act directly on the gastrointestinal tract, bringing about emesis through local irritant effects, or indirectly, through their effects on the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the postremal area near the medulla.
Penile Erection
The state of the PENIS when the erectile tissue becomes filled or swollen (tumid) with BLOOD and causes the penis to become rigid and elevated. It is a complex process involving CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS; HORMONES; SMOOTH MUSCLES; and vascular functions.
Pimozide
A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403)
Stereotyped Behavior
Relatively invariant mode of behavior elicited or determined by a particular situation; may be verbal, postural, or expressive.
Dopamine Antagonists
Drugs that bind to but do not activate DOPAMINE RECEPTORS, thereby blocking the actions of dopamine or exogenous agonists. Many drugs used in the treatment of psychotic disorders (ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS) are dopamine antagonists, although their therapeutic effects may be due to long-term adjustments of the brain rather than to the acute effects of blocking dopamine receptors. Dopamine antagonists have been used for several other clinical purposes including as ANTIEMETICS, in the treatment of Tourette syndrome, and for hiccup. Dopamine receptor blockade is associated with NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME.
Startle Reaction
A complex involuntary response to an unexpected strong stimulus usually auditory in nature.
Levodopa
The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.
Antiparkinson Agents
Agents used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The most commonly used drugs act on the dopaminergic system in the striatum and basal ganglia or are centrally acting muscarinic antagonists.
Dopamine
One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action.
Receptors, Dopamine D2
A subfamily of G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS that bind the neurotransmitter DOPAMINE and modulate its effects. D2-class receptor genes contain INTRONS, and the receptors inhibit ADENYLYL CYCLASES.
Catalepsy
A condition characterized by inactivity, decreased responsiveness to stimuli, and a tendency to maintain an immobile posture. The limbs tend to remain in whatever position they are placed (waxy flexibility). Catalepsy may be associated with PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS (e.g., SCHIZOPHRENIA, CATATONIC), nervous system drug toxicity, and other conditions.
Tranquilizing Agents
A traditional grouping of drugs said to have a soothing or calming effect on mood, thought, or behavior. Included here are the ANTI-ANXIETY AGENTS (minor tranquilizers), ANTIMANIC AGENTS, and the ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS (major tranquilizers). These drugs act by different mechanisms and are used for different therapeutic purposes.
Carbidopa
An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE, preventing conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA. It has no antiparkinson actions by itself.
Sensory Gating
The ability of the BRAIN to suppress neuronal responses to external sensory inputs, such as auditory and visual stimuli. Sensory filtering (or gating) allows humans to block out irrelevant, meaningless, or redundant stimuli.
Hydroxydopamines
Dopamines with a hydroxy group substituted in one or more positions.
Yawning
An involuntary deep INHALATION with the MOUTH open, often accompanied by the act of stretching.
Quinpirole
A dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist.
Parkinson Disease
A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)
Administration, Sublingual
Administration of a soluble dosage form by placement under the tongue.
Dopamine Agents
Any drugs that are used for their effects on dopamine receptors, on the life cycle of dopamine, or on the survival of dopaminergic neurons.
Parkinson Disease, Secondary
Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms, infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait, and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42)
Domperidone
A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.
2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine
A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.
Receptors, Dopamine D1
A subfamily of G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS that bind the neurotransmitter DOPAMINE and modulate its effects. D1-class receptor genes lack INTRONS, and the receptors stimulate ADENYLYL CYCLASES.
Oxidopamine
A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.
Ergolines
A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure.
Bis(4-Methyl-1-Homopiperazinylthiocarbonyl)disulfide
An inhibitor of the last step of noradrenaline biosynthesis.
Amphetamine
A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.
Motor Activity
The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.
Harmine
Alkaloid isolated from seeds of Peganum harmala L., Zygophyllaceae. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic Parkinson disease in the 1920's.
Substantia Nigra
The black substance in the ventral midbrain or the nucleus of cells containing the black substance. These cells produce DOPAMINE, an important neurotransmitter in regulation of the sensorimotor system and mood. The dark colored MELANIN is a by-product of dopamine synthesis.
Corpus Striatum
Striped GRAY MATTER and WHITE MATTER consisting of the NEOSTRIATUM and paleostriatum (GLOBUS PALLIDUS). It is located in front of and lateral to the THALAMUS in each cerebral hemisphere. The gray substance is made up of the CAUDATE NUCLEUS and the lentiform nucleus (the latter consisting of the GLOBUS PALLIDUS and PUTAMEN). The WHITE MATTER is the INTERNAL CAPSULE.
Behavior, Animal
The observable response an animal makes to any situation.
Penis
The external reproductive organ of males. It is composed of a mass of erectile tissue enclosed in three cylindrical fibrous compartments. Two of the three compartments, the corpus cavernosa, are placed side-by-side along the upper part of the organ. The third compartment below, the corpus spongiosum, houses the urethra.
Receptors, Dopamine D3
A subtype of dopamine D2 receptors that are highly expressed in the LIMBIC SYSTEM of the brain.
Infusion Pumps
Fluid propulsion systems driven mechanically, electrically, or osmotically that are used to inject (or infuse) over time agents into a patient or experimental animal; used routinely in hospitals to maintain a patent intravenous line, to administer antineoplastic agents and other drugs in thromboembolism, heart disease, diabetes mellitus (INSULIN INFUSION SYSTEMS is also available), and other disorders.
Benzazepines
Compounds with BENZENE fused to AZEPINES.
Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced
Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)
Sulpiride
A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Spiperone
A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.
Erectile Dysfunction
The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.
Lisuride
An ergot derivative that acts as an agonist at dopamine D2 receptors (DOPAMINE AGONISTS). It may also act as an antagonist at dopamine D1 receptors, and as an agonist at some serotonin receptors (SEROTONIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS).
Injections, Subcutaneous
Forceful administration under the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the skin.
Flupenthixol
A thioxanthene neuroleptic that, unlike CHLORPROMAZINE, is claimed to have CNS-activating properties. It is used in the treatment of psychoses although not in excited or manic patients. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p595)
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Modifications of local cerebral metabolic rates for glucose and motor behavior in rats with unilateral lesion of the subthalamic nucleus. (1/551)

Inactivation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has attracted interest as a therapeutic tool in Parkinson's disease. The functional consequences of the inactivation, however, are uncertain. In this study definition of the pattern of changes of cerebral functional activity associated with lesion of the STN and dopaminergic stimulation, by using the [14C]deoxyglucose method, was sought. Six or 7 days following unilateral lesion of the STN, the animals were divided into two groups: One group (n = 10) was administered apomorphine (1 mg/kg) subcutaneously; the second group (n = 10) received saline. The [14C]deoxyglucose procedure was initiated 10 minutes following the drug or saline injection. The results show that systemic administration of apomorphine to rats with unilateral lesion of the STN causes ipsiversive rotational behavior and asymmetries of glucose utilization of defined brain areas, including the substantia nigra reticulata, globus pallidus, and entopeduncular nucleus. These nuclei are the main targets of the subthalamic excitatory projections. Lesion of the nucleus per se (without challenge with apomorphine) has no significant consequences on glucose utilization. The findings indicate that the STN is involved in the activation of the basal ganglia output nuclei induced by systemic dopaminergic stimulation.  (+info)

Effects of tetrahydroprotoberberines on dopamine D2 receptors in ventral tegmental area of rat. (2/551)

AIM: To compare the actions of tetrahydroprotoberberines (THPB) on dopamine (DA) D2 receptors in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of rat. METHODS: Extracellular single unit recording technique was used in i.v. gallamine-paralyzed rats. RESULTS: Eleven THPB analogs tested completely attenuated the apomorphine (Apo, 20 micrograms.kg-1)-induced inhibition on VTA DA cell firing activity. The OH group on C2 at THPB was linked with the reversal of Apo-induced inhibition. Their reversal potencies (ED50, microgram.kg-1) for D2 receptors were: THPB-143 (5.6) > SPD (8.5) > Iso (17.0) > THP (33) > THB (48) > THPB-18 (66) > THPB-1 (179) > THPB-19 (408) > THPB-126 (510) > THPB-104 (1019) > THPB-10 (4815). CONCLUSION: Among these 11 THPB, the 2-hydroxyl-THPB (THPB-143) showed the strongest antagonistic action on D2 receptors.  (+info)

Comparison of effects of haloperidol administration on amphetamine-stimulated dopamine release in the rat medial prefrontal cortex and dorsal striatum. (3/551)

Research has shown that there are important neurochemical differences between the mesocortical and mesostriatal dopamine systems. The work reported in this paper has sought to compare the regulation of dopamine release in the medial prefrontal cortex and the anterior caudate-putamen. In vivo microdialysis was used to recover dialysate fluid for subsequent assay for dopamine concentrations. The responses to D2 antagonist (haloperidol) administration, which has been shown to increase impulse-dependent dopamine release, were compared. Results demonstrated a diminished effect of systemic haloperidol administration on dopamine efflux in the prefrontal cortex. The responses to systemic administration of a nonimpulse-dependent, transporter-mediated, dopamine releaser (d-amphetamine) were also contrasted. Results again demonstrated a diminished pharmacological effect in the cortex. The potential interaction of stimulation of these two types of dopamine release was examined by coadministration of these compounds. Haloperidol pretreatment dramatically potentiated the dopamine-releasing effect of amphetamine administration. This effect was observed in both the cortex and the striatum. Subsequent work demonstrated that this effect of haloperidol was mediated by D2-like receptors in the prefrontal cortex. These results are discussed in relation to other neurochemical and neuroanatomical studies demonstrating sparse densities of dopamine transporter sites and dopamine D2 receptors in the cortex compared with the striatum. They demonstrate a functional correlate to the recently reported, largely extrasynaptic localization of dopamine transporter sites in the prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, they demonstrate the existence of cortical D2-like autoreceptors that may normally be "silent" under basal conditions.  (+info)

Multisecond oscillations in firing rate in the basal ganglia: robust modulation by dopamine receptor activation and anesthesia. (4/551)

Multisecond oscillations in firing rate in the basal ganglia: robust modulation by dopamine receptor activation and anesthesia. Studies of CNS electrophysiology have suggested an important role for oscillatory neuronal activity in sensory perception, sensorimotor integration, and movement timing. In extracellular single-unit recording studies in awake, immobilized rats, we have found that many tonically active neurons in the entopeduncular nucleus (n = 15), globus pallidus (n = 31), and substantia nigra pars reticulata (n = 31) have slow oscillations in firing rate in the seconds-to-minutes range. Basal oscillation amplitude ranged up to +/-50% of the mean firing rate. Spectral analysis was performed on spike trains to determine whether these multisecond oscillations were significantly periodic. Significant activity in power spectra (in the 2- to 60-s range of periods) from basal spike trains was found for 56% of neurons in these three nuclei. Spectral peaks corresponded to oscillations with mean periods of approximately 30 s in each nucleus. Multisecond baseline oscillations were also found in 21% of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. The dopamine agonist apomorphine (0.32 mg/kg iv, n = 10-15) profoundly affected multisecond oscillations, increasing oscillatory frequency (means of spectral peak periods were reduced to approximately 15 s) and increasing the regularity of the oscillations. Apomorphine effects on oscillations in firing rate were more consistent from unit to unit than were its effects on mean firing rates in the entopeduncular nucleus and substantia nigra. Apomorphine modulation of multisecond periodic oscillations was reversed by either D1 or D2 antagonists and was mimicked by the combination of selective D1 (SKF 81297) and D2 (quinpirole) agonists. Seventeen percent of neurons had additional baseline periodic activity in a faster range (0.4-2.0 s) related to ventilation. Multisecond periodicities were rarely found in neurons in anesthetized rats (n = 29), suggesting that this phenomenon is sensitive to overall reductions in central activity. The data demonstrate significant structure in basal ganglia neuron spiking activity at unexpectedly long time scales, as well as a novel effect of dopamine on firing pattern in this slow temporal domain. The modulation of multisecond periodicities in firing rate by dopaminergic agonists suggests the involvement of these patterns in behaviors and cognitive processes that are affected by dopamine. Periodic firing rate oscillations in basal ganglia output nuclei should strongly affect the firing patterns of target neurons and are likely involved in coordinating neural activity responsible for motor sequences. Modulation of slow, periodic oscillations in firing rate may be an important mechanism by which dopamine influences motor and cognitive processes in normal and dysfunctional states.  (+info)

Disruption of latent inhibition in rats with postnatal hippocampal lesions. (5/551)

Disruption of latent inhibition has been proposed as a possible model of cognitive abnormalities that underlie positive symptoms of a schizophrenia. We tested neonatal hippocampal lesioned rats in a latent inhibition paradigm. Lesions of the ventral hippocampus were induced by bilateral injections of ibotenic acid in 7 days old rats. The behavior of lesioned rats was tested postpubertally. We found a hyperresponsiveness to dopaminergic stimulation by apomorphine in locomotion tests. Latent inhibition was tested using the acquisition of a conditioned reaction in a two-way shuttle box. Sham operated control animals showed after preexposure of the to-be-conditioned stimulus (combined tone and light stimulus) a low acquisition. Ibotenic acid lesioned animals learned the conditioned reaction with and without preexposure in the same way, indicating disturbed latent inhibition. These results demonstrate disturbances in early postnatal hippocampal lesioned rats comparable with those seen in schizophrenic patients, thus further validating this procedure as a useful animal model of some aspects of schizophrenia.  (+info)

Rat strain differences in the ability to disrupt sensorimotor gating are limited to the dopaminergic system, specific to prepulse inhibition, and unrelated to changes in startle amplitude or nucleus accumbens dopamine receptor sensitivity. (6/551)

Previous studies indicate that a variety of pharmacological agents interfere with the prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (PPI) response including phencyclidine (PCP), 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT), amphetamine, and apomorphine. Strain differences have been observed in the ability of apomorphine to disrupt PPI, although the degree to which these strain differences occur after administration of nondopaminergic drugs or the degree to which differences can be observed in other models of dopamine (DA) receptor activation has not been elucidated. The present study tested the effects of apomorphine, amphetamine, 8-OH-DPAT, and PCP on PPI in the Sprague Dawley and Wistar rat strains. Because apomorphine disrupts PPI via activation of DA receptors in the nucleus accumbens, apomorphine-induced hyperlocomotion, also a behavioral model of nucleus accumbens DA receptor activation, was measured in both rat strains. Administration of PCP or 8-OH-DPAT attenuated PPI in both strains, whereas apomorphine and amphetamine only attenuated PPI in Wistar rats. The ability of apomorphine to increase motor activity in the absence of a startle-eliciting stimulus was similar in the two strains, as was apomorphine-induced hyperlocomotion. A time course analysis of the effects of apomorphine on startle response in Sprague Dawley rats found that changes in the magnitude of PPI followed changes in basic startle amplitude. Similarly, no apomorphine-induced attenuation of PPI was observed in Sprague Dawley rats after 6-OHDA-induced DA receptor supersensitivity in the nucleus accumbens. These data suggest a dissociation between the effects of DA receptor agonists in PPI and other behavioral models of DA receptor activation.  (+info)

Effects of sustained phencyclidine exposure on sensorimotor gating of startle in rats. (7/551)

Phencyclidine (PCP), a non-competitive NMDA antagonist with actions at multiple other central nervous system receptors, can cause both acute and lasting psychoses in humans, and has also been used in cross-species models of psychosis. Acute exposure to PCP in rats produces behavioral changes, including a loss of prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex, which parallels the loss of PPI observed in schizophrenia patients. Sustained exposure to PCP in rats produces neuropathological changes in several limbic regions and prolonged behavioral abnormalities that may parallel neuropsychological deficits in schizophrenia. It is unclear whether sustained PCP exposure will also produce a loss of prepulse inhibition which parallels the decrease observed in schizophrenia patients. In the present study, we examined changes in PPI during and after sustained PCP administration, using 5-day PCP exposure via subcutaneous osmotic minipumps, or 14-day PCP exposure via repeated intraperitoneal injections. In both forms of drug delivery, PPI was disrupted during, but not after, sustained drug exposure. PPI does not appear to be sensitive to neuropathological effects of sustained PCP exposure.  (+info)

Altered activity of midbrain dopamine neurons following 7-day withdrawal from chronic cocaine abuse is normalized by D2 receptor stimulation during the early withdrawal phase. (8/551)

Using in vivo single-unit recording in rats, we compared the effects of continuous cocaine infusion via minipump or single daily injections (both 40 mg/kg/d x 14 days, S.C.) on the activity of putative dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA). On days 1-5 after cocaine withdrawal, animals were further treated with single daily injections of DA agonists. On withdrawal day 7 continuous cocaine caused a reduction in spontaneously active neurons in the SNC and reduced bursting in the VTA. In contrast, intermittent cocaine resulted in an increase in the number of active neurons in the VTA. These changes were all reversed by apomorphine or quinpirole given during the first 5 withdrawal days. The D1 antagonist SCH 39166 did not antagonize the effects of apomorphine in either region. The role of D2 receptors in modulating baseline DA activity during intermediate cocaine withdrawal is discussed.  (+info)

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Apomorphine: Effect on growth hormone<...Apomorphine: Effect on growth hormone<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Apomorphine. T2 - Effect on growth hormone. AU - Maany, I.. AU - Frazer, A.. AU - Mendels, J.. PY - 1975/1. Y1 - 1975/1. N2 - Apomorphine (0.75 mg SC) was found to elicit growth hormone release in normal men. The younger men had a significantly greater peak growth hormone response to apomorphine as compared to the older men. Among other possible explanations, this finding may indicate that dopamine receptors in the hypothalamus are more sensitive to apomorphine in younger than in older men.. AB - Apomorphine (0.75 mg SC) was found to elicit growth hormone release in normal men. The younger men had a significantly greater peak growth hormone response to apomorphine as compared to the older men. Among other possible explanations, this finding may indicate that dopamine receptors in the hypothalamus are more sensitive to apomorphine in younger than in older men.. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0016440091&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - ...
https://scholars.uthscsa.edu/en/publications/apomorphine-effect-on-growth-hormone
A review of intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine injections for the rescue management of motor fluctuations associated with...
Twenty-one studies were included: 8 double-blind trials (n=126), six of which were of a crossover design, and 13 uncontrolled open-label studies (n=202).. Following administration of apomorphine, the decrease in daily off time from baseline ranged from 2.6 to 4 hours (6 studies) and 20.5% and 22% (2 studies) of the waking day in the open-label studies. Two studies reported that the difference was statistically significant, while six did not report a statistical comparison. The mean delay of onset ranged from 6 to 14 minutes (6 studies). The mean duration of effect ranged from 36 to 61.9 minutes (5 studies).. In the double-blind trials, all of the studies except one reported a statistically significant difference between apomorphine and placebo (8 studies) or levodopa (1 study) for motor functioning, with the improvement in favour of apomorphine. The mean delay of onset ranged from 8.1 to 22 minutes (3 studies). The mean duration of effect ranged from 56.6 to 96 minutes (2 studies).. Based on ...
http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/crdweb/ShowRecord.asp?LinkFrom=OAI&ID=12006000532
Block by apomorphine of acetylcholine receptor channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Block by apomorphine of acetylcholine receptor channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. AU - Nakazawa, Ken. AU - Akiyama, Takami. AU - Inoue, Kazuhide. PY - 1994/11/15. Y1 - 1994/11/15. N2 - Effects of apomorphine and other compounds related to dopamine receptors on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channels were investigated by expressing functional channels in Xenopus oocytes. When channels were expressed with a combination of α3 and β4 subunits, acetylcholine activated an inward current, and apomorphine suppressed the current in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of about 3 μM. SKF38393 (R(+)-1-phehyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-(1H)-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol; dopamine D1 receptor agonist; 3 and 30 μM), quinpirole (dopamine D2 receptor agonist; 30 μM), SCH23390 (R(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine; dopamine D1 receptor antagonist; 10 μM) or sulpiride (dopamine D2 receptor antagonist; 10 μM) also inhibited the ...
https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/block-by-apomorphine-of-acetylcholine-receptor-channels-expressed
apomorphine - Parkinson FITapomorphine - Parkinson FIT
Social media users in India were abuzz the past few weeks over a video posted on Facebook by Nanavati Super Specialty Hospital (yes, that is the hospitals real name) that showed the results of an apomorphine infusion on a 50-year old patient with advanced Parkinsons Disease. Before the treatment, the patient was barely able to lift his arms and struggled to walk. After the apomorphine injection, the patient was able to walk and run, and even do push-ups. Apomorphine is a very strong dopamine agonist. The video fails to show that the drugs effect only lasts for an hour or two ...
https://parkinson.fit/tag/apomorphine/
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In addition to their well characterized effects at dopamine receptors, neuroleptic drugs have been shown to affect the level and in vitro metabolism of neuropeptides. In the present study, the effect of acute and subchronic administration of the neuroleptic haloperidol and the nonselective, dopamine agonist apomorphine on neuropeptidase activity was determined in regional, rat brain P2 membranes. Subchronic administration of haloperidol decreased the activity of aminopeptidase N in the frontal cortex and caudate-putamen. In contrast, subchronic administration of apomorphine increased aminopeptidase N activity in the frontal cortex and caudate-putamen. Neutral endopeptidase 24.11 also was affected differentially in the caudate-putamen, but both subchronic haloperidol and apomorphine decreased neutral endopeptidase 24.11 activity in the frontal cortex. Metalloendopeptidase 24.15 activity was decreased in the caudate-putamen after acute haloperidol and increased in the frontal cortex after acute ...
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/277/1/113
Comparison of motor response to apomorphine and levodopa in Parkinsons disease. | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &...Comparison of motor response to apomorphine and levodopa in Parkinsons disease. | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &...
The magnitude and pattern of motor responses to single doses of subcutaneous apomorphine and oral levodopa were compared in 14 patients with Parkinsons disease. Although apomorphine produced much shorter motor responses than levodopa, the quality of response to the two drugs was virtually indistinguishable. These clinical observations support the notion that integrity of striatal post-synaptic dopamine receptors is a key determinant of responsiveness to dopaminergic treatment in Parkinsons disease.. ...
https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/53/11/1004
apomorphine - WellSpan Health Libraryapomorphine - WellSpan Health Library
Apomorphine has some of the same effects as a chemical called dopamine, which occurs naturally in your body. Low levels of dopamine in the brain are associated with Parkinsons disease. Apomorphine is used to treat wearing-off episodes (muscle stiffness, loss of muscle control) in people with advanced Parkinsons...
http://www.wellspan.org/health-library/Document.aspx?id=d04991a1
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(−)-Apomorphine is a non-selective dopamine receptor agonist that exhibits pKi values of 6.43, 7.08, 7.59, 8.36, and 7.83 for human recombinant D1, D2L, D3, D4, and D5 receptors, respectively.1,2 It produces biphasic effects on locomotor activity and displays anti-parkinsonian and neuroprotective actions.1,3
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PRIME PubMed | Apomorphine monotherapy in the treatment of refractory motor complications of Parkinsons disease: long-term...PRIME PubMed | Apomorphine monotherapy in the treatment of refractory motor complications of Parkinsons disease: long-term...
PubMed journal article: Apomorphine monotherapy in the treatment of refractory motor complications of Parkinsons disease: long-term follow-up study of 64 patients. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/12465062/Apomorphine_monotherapy_in_the_treatment_of_refractory_motor_complications_of_Parkinson
apomorphine | Ligand page | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGYapomorphine | Ligand page | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology. apomorphine ligand page. Quantitative data and detailed annnotation of the targets of licensed and experimental drugs.
http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?tab=biology&ligandId=33
Apomorphine and Ceron-DM Drops Drug Interactions - Drugs.comApomorphine and Ceron-DM Drops Drug Interactions - Drugs.com
A Moderate Drug Interaction exists between apomorphine and Ceron-DM Drops. View detailed information regarding this drug interaction.
https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/apomorphine-with-ceron-dm-drops-224-0-612-7683.html
Antagonism by propanol of central dopamine receptor stimulation is not related to β-adrenergic blockade : WestminsterResearchAntagonism by propanol of central dopamine receptor stimulation is not related to β-adrenergic blockade : WestminsterResearch
Dijckmans, B., Tortosa-Martínez, J., Caus, N., González-Caballero, G., Martínez-Pelegrin, B., Manchado-Lopez, C., Cortell-Tormo, J.M., Chulvi-Medrano, I. and Clow, A. 2017. Does the diurnal cycle of cortisol explain the relationship between physical performance and cognitive function in older adults? European Review of Aging and Physical Activity. 14 (6). https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-017-0175-5 Salivary diurnal cortisol profiles in patients suffering from chronic breathlessness receiving supportive and palliative care services: a cross-sectional study ...
https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/94x63/antagonism-by-propanol-of-central-dopamine-receptor-stimulation-is-not-related-to-adrenergic-blockade
Apomorphine | CTDApomorphine | CTD
A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use ...
http://ctdbase.org/detail.go?type=chem&acc=D001058
Apomorphine - DrugBankApomorphine - DrugBank
A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.
https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00714
Sublingual Apomorphine Effectively Manages Off Episodes in Parkinsons Disease | Global Academy for Medical EducationSublingual Apomorphine Effectively Manages Off Episodes in Parkinsons Disease | Global Academy for Medical Education
A total of 109 patients were randomized to the double-blind treatment phase, and had a mean of 3.9 off episodes per day. Participants mean age was 62.7, and 37.6% of participants were female. More than 90% of participants were white.. In all, 80 patients completed the study. The least squares mean change from predose to 30 minutes post dose for the MDS-UPDRS-III score at 12 weeks was -11.1 and -3.5 for the APL and placebo groups, respectively (mean difference, -7.6). Similar results were observed at day 1 and weeks 4 and 8.. The difference between treatment arms in motor score became significant at 15 minutes and remained significant until 90 minutes. There was a significant difference favoring APL over placebo in the percentage of patients achieving a self-rated full on response at 30 minutes post dose at week 12. A home dosing diary showed that a larger percentage of patients receiving APL were on within 30 minutes post dose (least squares mean, 78.70%), compared with controls (least squares ...
https://www.globalacademycme.com/conference-news/sublingual-apomorphine-effectively-manages
Apomorphine | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterApomorphine | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
This information should not be used to decide whether or not to take this medicine or any other medicine. Only the healthcare provider has the knowledge and training to decide which medicines are right for a specific patient. This information does not endorse any medicine as safe, effective, or approved for treating any patient or health condition. This is only a brief summary of general information about this medicine. It does NOT include all information about the possible uses, directions, warnings, precautions, interactions, adverse effects, or risks that may apply to this medicine. This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from the healthcare provider. You must talk with the healthcare provider for complete information about the risks and benefits of using this medicine ...
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Comparison of automated home-cage monitoring systems: Emphasis on feeding behaviour, activity and spatial learning following...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparison of automated home-cage monitoring systems. T2 - Emphasis on feeding behaviour, activity and spatial learning following pharmacological interventions. AU - Robinson, Lianne. AU - Riedel, Gernot. PY - 2014/8/30. Y1 - 2014/8/30. N2 - Background: Different automated systems have been developed to facilitate long-term and continuous assessment of behaviours including locomotor activity, feeding behaviour and circadian activity. New method: This study assessed the effectiveness of three different observation systems as methods for determining strain and pharmacological induced differences in locomotor activity, feeding behaviour and spatial learning. The effect of the CB1 antagonist AM251 on feeding behaviour was determined in the PhenoMaster and PhenoTyper. Next, effects of cholinergic (scopolamine) and glutamatergic (Phenylcyclidine, PCP) receptor antagonism and dopaminergic agonism (apomorphine) on activity were assessed in the PhenoTyper and IntelliCage. Finally, the ...
https://abdn.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/comparison-of-automated-home-cage-monitoring-systems-emphasis-on-
Motor response to apomorphine and levodopa in asymmetric Parkinsons disease
Subcutaneous continuous apomorphine infusion in fluctuating patients with Parkinsons disease: long-term results. Stocchi, F.; Vacca, L.; De Pandis, M. F.; Barbato, L.; Valente, M.; Ruggieri, S. // Neurological Sciences;Feb2001, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p93 Fluctuations in motor disability and dyskinesias are the major problem in the long-term treatment of Parkinsons disease (PD). Many authors and ourselves have shown that by giving patients a continuous infusion of levodopa it is possible to control motor fluctuations. Levodopa can be... ...
http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/66105793/motor-response-apomorphine-levodopa-asymmetric-parkinsons-disease
FDA Accepts New Drug Application for Sublingual Apomorphine to Treat Motor Fluctuations - Practical NeurologyFDA Accepts New Drug Application for Sublingual Apomorphine to Treat Motor Fluctuations - Practical Neurology
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted a new drug application (NDA) for apomorphine sublingual film (APL-130277; Sunovion, Marlborough, M
https://practicalneurology.com/news/fda-accepts-new-drug-application-for-sublingual-apomorphine-to-treat-motor-fluctuations?c4src=topic:movement-disorders:feed
Overview of advanced therapies in Parkinsons disease - Medical IndependentOverview of advanced therapies in Parkinsons disease - Medical Independent
Apomorphine is a highly potent dopamine agonist, which can be delivered as intermittent subcutaneous injections or as a continuous subcutaneous infusion using a small pump carried by the patient. Both forms of the treatment are used in patients with poor control of motor symptoms or significant adverse effects with oral medications.. Patient selection. Indications for intermittent apomorphine injection include anticipated rescue during motor and non-motor off periods, impaired absorption of levodopa or gastric emptying problems, delayed on effect after oral medications and relief of early morning motor symptoms including akinesia and dystonia. Apomorphine is highly effective in patients with these problems due to its very short time to onset of four to 12 minutes.. Patients who may benefit from continuous apomorphine infusion include those with off periods that are not adequately controlled by oral treatment; those with significant drug-drug interactions between oral medications; and those who ...
https://www.medicalindependent.ie/overview-of-advanced-therapies-in-parkinsons-disease/
Microinjection of apomorphine into the prefrontal cortex of the rat reduces dopamine metabolite concentrations in...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Microinjection of apomorphine into the prefrontal cortex of the rat reduces dopamine metabolite concentrations in microdialysate from the caudate nucleus. AU - Jaskiw, George E.. AU - Weinberger, Daniel R.. AU - Crawley, Jacqueline. PY - 1991/4/1. Y1 - 1991/4/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0025782434&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0025782434&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1016/0006-3223(91)90144-B. DO - 10.1016/0006-3223(91)90144-B. M3 - Article. C2 - 1711381. AN - SCOPUS:0025782434. VL - 29. SP - 703. EP - 706. JO - Biological Psychiatry. JF - Biological Psychiatry. SN - 0006-3223. IS - 7. ER - ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/microinjection-of-apomorphine-into-the-prefrontal-cortex-of-the-r
Clinical Trial of Apomorphine Subcutaneous Infusion in Patients With Advanced Parkinson's Disease - Full Text View -...Clinical Trial of Apomorphine Subcutaneous Infusion in Patients With Advanced Parkinson's Disease - Full Text View -...
The least squares mean reduction (improvement) in OFF time as reported by the patient using the Hauser Parkinsons disease home diary. Patients categorised their motor symptoms into OFF, ON with dyskinesia, ON without troublesome dyskinesia or sleeping using half hour blocks over 24 hours. Daily OFF time was computed from the average of valid motor diaries from the two days preceding each visit. Correct diary completion was evaluated during screening and observed by the investigator to ensure patients could categorise their motor symptoms correctly. A diary was considered valid if no more than 4 half-hour periods were either absent or duplicated. There were no invalid diaries at Baseline or Week 12 ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02006121
Clinical Trial of Apomorphine Subcutaneous Infusion in Patients With Advanced Parkinson's Disease - Full Text View -...Clinical Trial of Apomorphine Subcutaneous Infusion in Patients With Advanced Parkinson's Disease - Full Text View -...
The least squares mean reduction (improvement) in OFF time as reported by the patient using the Hauser Parkinsons disease home diary. Patients categorised their motor symptoms into OFF, ON with dyskinesia, ON without troublesome dyskinesia or sleeping using half hour blocks over 24 hours. Daily OFF time was computed from the average of valid motor diaries from the two days preceding each visit. Correct diary completion was evaluated during screening and observed by the investigator to ensure patients could categorise their motor symptoms correctly. A diary was considered valid if no more than 4 half-hour periods were either absent or duplicated. There were no invalid diaries at Baseline or Week 12 ...
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02006121
7-(4-[4-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]butyloxy)-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone (OPC-14597), a new putative antipsychotic...7-(4-[4-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]butyloxy)-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone (OPC-14597), a new putative antipsychotic...
The effects of 7-(4-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]butyloxy)-3,4-dihydro-2 (1H)- quinolinone (OPC-14597), a derivative of the dopamine (DA) autoreceptor agonist 7-(3-[4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazinyl]propoxy)-2(1H)-quinolinone (OPC-4392), on DA receptors were biochemically and behaviorally studied and compared with those of OPC-4392. Both OPC-14597 and OPC-4392 inhibited reserpine- and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL)-induced increase in tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the mouse and rat brain. The effects of OPC-14597 were comparable to those of OPC-4392 and were completely antagonized by haloperidol. OPC-14597, unlike apomorphine, did not evoke postsynaptic DA receptor-stimulating behavioral signs such as hyperlocomotion in the reserpinized mice and contralateral rotation in rats with unilateral striatal 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. Both OPC-14597 and OPC-4392 inhibited such apomorphine-induced postsynaptic behavioral changes as stereotypy and hyperlocomotion in mice and rats and rotation in ...
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/274/1/329.long
Search results - Pascal and Francis Bibliographic DatabasesSearch results - Pascal and Francis Bibliographic Databases
DOPAMINE RECEPTOR SENSITIVITY AFTER CHRONIC DOPAMINE AGONISTS. STRIATAL 3H-SPIROPERIDOL BINDING IN MICE AFTER CHRONIC ADMINISTRATION OF HIGH DOSES OF APOMORPHINE N-M-PROPYLNORAPOMORPHINE AND DEXTROAMPHETAMINERIFFEE WH; WILCOX PE; VAUGHN DM et al.1982; PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGIA; ISSN 0033-3158; DEU; DA. 1982; VOL. 77; NO 2; PP. 146-149; BIBL. 30 REF.Article ...
https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=search&lang=en&terms=%22Agonist%22&index=kw
N,N-dibutyldopamine hydrobromide | DA agonist | CAS [65273-67-8] - [68671-30-7] | Axon 1061 | Axon Ligand™ with |99% purity...N,N-dibutyldopamine hydrobromide | DA agonist | CAS [65273-67-8] - [68671-30-7] | Axon 1061 | Axon Ligand™ with |99% purity...
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S)-6-Hydroxy-DPAT hydrobromide | DA agonist | DPAT, (S)-6-OH- | CAS [162992-70-3] | Axon 1011 | Axon Ligand™ with |98% purity...S)-6-Hydroxy-DPAT hydrobromide | DA agonist | DPAT, (S)-6-OH- | CAS [162992-70-3] | Axon 1011 | Axon Ligand™ with |98% purity...
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For 40 years, it has brought sexual function and androgen replacement therapy has impeded efforts to integrate new knowledge learned in therapy with sildenafil and vardenafil have no change in majority of these alternative therapies, although the mechanisms of penile erection. A number of treatment failures that may be a reasonable guideline for clinical research and treatment outcome be assessed more closely by targeted questioning. Although depression is the startstop or pause technique whereby he is sufficiently aroused, independent of disease severity and quality of life including sexual disinhibition and increased penile sensitivity and/or nerve conduction abnormalities. Hemo- dynamic responses to adenosine and dipyridamole apomorphine naltrexone xantheine derivative (improved red blood cell membrane and enter the paravesical retropubic space, 2. The majority of experts, however, a controlled crossover study. There are reports that 45% of cases, 1 with vascular disease is unknown. Please ...
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Most recent papers in the journal Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry | Read by QxMDMost recent papers in the journal Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry | Read by QxMD
R)-Apomorphine (1) has the potential to reduce the accumulation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ42), a causative agent of Alzheimers disease (AD). Although the inhibition of Aβ42 aggregation by 1 is ascribable to the antioxidative effect of its phenol moiety, its inhibitory mechanism at the molecular level remains to be fully elucidated. LC-MS and UV analyses revealed that 1 is autoxidized during incubation to produce an unstable o-quinone form (2), which formed a Michael adduct with Lys 16 and 28 of Aβ42. A further autoxidized form of 1 (3) with o-quinone and phenanthrene moieties suppressed Aβ42 aggregation comparable to 1, whereas treating 1 with a reductant, tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine diminished its inhibitory activity ...
https://www.readbyqxmd.com/journal/31538
Hot wiring humans | The Times & The Sunday TimesHot wiring humans | The Times & The Sunday Times
Susan is putting herself through this drastic operation for a very modest reason: she wants her old life back. Her symptoms have been controlled in recent years with a drug called apomorphine, involving the insertion every morning of a needle into her stomach controlled by a pump, which is cumbersome and often lets her down.. She is to receive two electrode implants deep in her brain, to be attached to wires that will run under her skin to a miniature battery-operated pulse generator that will be sewn into her chest. The electrodes will permanently stimulate cells deep in her brain to alleviate her symptoms. Amazingly, she will remain awake throughout the procedure: the best indication that things have not gone to plan - a haemorrhage, for…. ...
https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/hot-wiring-humans-zk8qp2lc05r
Cynapsus Therapeutics Inc. : Cynapsus Therapeutics APL 130277 For Parkinsons Chosen As One Of The Top Ten Neurology Projects...Cynapsus Therapeutics Inc. : Cynapsus Therapeutics APL 130277 For Parkinsons Chosen As One Of The Top Ten Neurology Projects...
TORONTO--(Marketwire - Oct 29, 2012) - October 29, 2012 -Independent Committee Selects Cynapsus Novel Sublingual formulation of Apomorphine, as One of the Most Promising CNS Candidates- TORONTO, CANADA - Cynapsus Therapeutics Inc. (CTH: TSX V) today announced that its APL-130277 for Parkinsons was recognized as one of the Top Ten...
http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/cynapsus-therapeutics-inc-cynapsus-therapeutics-apl-130277-for-parkinsons-chosen-as-1718788.htm
Enhancement of apomorphine-induced penile erection in the rat by a selective alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor antagonist.Enhancement of apomorphine-induced penile erection in the rat by a selective alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor antagonist.
article{d23beaa2-6272-4b9d-81e2-0e0950c0f72e, abstract = {Effects of A-322312 (alpha(1B)-adrenoceptor (AR) antagonist), A-119637 (alpha(1D)-AR antagonist), prazosin (non-selective alpha(1)-AR antagonist), and yohimbine (alpha(2)-AR antagonist) were studied in rat corpus cavernosum (CC) and cavernous artery (Acc) preparations. Effects of intracavernous (i.c.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of alpha(1)-AR antagonists on apomorphine-induced erections were investigated. A-119637 attenuated electrically induced contractions in isolated CC (-logIC(50); 8.12+/-0.15), and relaxed noradrenaline (NA)-contracted preparations by more than 90% at 10(-7) M. At the same concentration, the -logEC(50) value for NA in Acc was altered from 6.79+/-0.07 to 4.86+/-0.13. In the CC and Acc, prazosin similarily inhibited contractile responses. Inhibitory effects of A-322312 (10(-7) M) in electrically activated CC were 32.3+/-5.1%, whereas no effect on concentration-response curves for NA was observed in the ...
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/109057
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Educators and parents should be postponed until significant progress has made it possible to work together in order to facilitate performance in response to gnrh challenge. 176benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) 150 questions and answers about erectile dysfunction, apomorphine administration (25). Hiv is a completely different feeling from being jocelyns to being life threateningmay necessarily prevent or treat the depressive disorder as successfully as the next session by inquiring about cultural issues 451 is it placed. How escherichia coli infects the urinary channel, the urethra), or by interpreting the mans unconscious impulses and defense mechanisms that must perform the procedure for evaluation of simple methods for their personal lives, thereby preventing reintroduction of activity present within the brain. In addition to the interactions and indirectly these images propagate a mythical sexual standard suggesting that the cortical or spinal cord injury patients: Longterm follow-up. ...
https://hyperbaricnurses.org/982-can-viagra-cause-impotence/
Effects of d-amphetamine and apomorphine upon operant-behavior and schedule-induced licking in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine...Effects of d-amphetamine and apomorphine upon operant-behavior and schedule-induced licking in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine...
After training under a fixed-interval 60 sec schedule of food presentation in the presence of a water tube (to permit schedule-induced licking), groups of rats received either 6-hydroxy-dopamine (6-OHDA)(8 micrograms base/2 microliters) or 0.2% ascorbate-0.9% saline vehicle bilaterally into the nucleus accumbens. 6-OHDA produced greater than 80% depletion of the catecholamines dopamine and norepinephrine and the dopamine metabolite dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in the nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle, but nonsignificant depletions in the corpus striatum. The behavior of the groups treated with 6-OHDA (lesion) and vehicle (sham) was assessed for up to 58 days postoperatively. In the first few days after 6-OHDA, the lesion group showed reductions in high rates of responding toward the end and in high rates of licking at the beginning of the fixed-interval. However, licking was increased during later portions of the fixed interval in the lesion group. d-Amphetamine (0.25-2.0 mg/kg) ...
https://vivo.scripps.edu/display/endnote125756
How Much Zofran Can I Take
Zofran (Ondansetron) - Side Effects, Dosage, Interactions - Drugs ODT, do not remove the tablet from its foil pocket until just before you take it. You should not take Zofran if you take a drug called apomorphine, which is an injectable drug used to treat Parkinson 39;s disease. The combination of apomorphine and ondansetron can cause dangerously low blood pressure. ZOFRAN 4MG TABLETS tablets. Other medicines and Zofran Please tell your doctor, nurse or pharmacist if you are taking or have recently taken or might take other medicines. This includes medicines that you buy without a prescription and herbal medicines. This is because Zofran can affect the way some nbsp; Zofran Dosage Guide - (ondansetron hydrochloride). Includes dose adjustments, warnings and precautions. Zofran: Dosage, Side Effects amp; Pregnancy - Live Science Adults typically take one 8-mg tablet or rapidly disintegrating tablet or 10 mL of liquid twice a day. For patients ages 12 and older, the dosage is the same as for ...
http://boltrendsbycotexbo.com/index.php/component/k2/itemlist/user/249493
APOMORPHINUM. - THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PURE MATERIA MEDICA By TIMOTHY F. ALLEN, A.M., M.D.APOMORPHINUM. - THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PURE MATERIA MEDICA By TIMOTHY F. ALLEN, A.M., M.D.
Presented by M di-T. APOMORPHINUM.. A substance obtained from morphine (differing only from morphine in having one less equivalent of water). Formula, C17H17NO2. (Morphine is C17H19NO3.). Authority. J. B. Victor Victor Bourgeois, de LApomorphine, un nouvel m tique, monograph, Paris, 1874.. CASE I. Injection of three milligrammes of Apomorphine; no result. ► October 26, 9.20 A.M. M. Lachize injected into the outer portion of my left arm three milligrammes of Apomorphine. I placed a thermometer in the axilla. ► 9.20. Pulse 60, respiration 16, thermometer 36.8 . ► 9.23. No especial sensation; pulse 72, thermometer 36.8 , respiration 16. ► 9.25. *Violent inclination to vomit; feeling of heat all over, but especially in the head; face congested; pulse 92, thermometer 36.9 , respiration 20. ► 9.28 No change; pulse 96, thermometer 36.9 , respiration 22. ► 9.30. Pulse slightly irregular; less nausea; pulse 80, thermometer 36.9 , respiration 20. ► 9.33. Pulse 84, thermometer 36.9 , ...
http://www.homeoint.org/allen/a/apom.htm
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Both early and late apoptotic blebs are taken up by DC and induce IL-6 production.Both early and late apoptotic blebs are taken up by DC and induce IL-6 production.
During apo blebs, containing nuclear components, are formed at the cells surfaces. When these blebs separate from the dying cell an apo cell body remains. The contents of apo blebs are modified and can be released, especially in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) since impaired clearance of apo material has been observed in this autoimmune condition. Accordingly, autoantibodies present in subjects with SLE bind to apo blebs. Based on AnxA5 binding, and permeability for PI, we show that apo blebs can be categorized as early (AnxA5(+)/PI(- )) or late (AnxA5(+)/PI(+)) apo ones. Both forms of blebs contain apo-induced chromatin modifications and are efficiently phagocytosed by dendritic cell (DC). Uptake by DC of late, but also early apo blebs, stimulate DC to produce IL-6. This bleb-induced effect on DC may be an important step in the initiation of the autoimmune responses in SLE ...
http://repository.ubn.ru.nl/handle/2066/80827
Tablets causing vomiting: a list of emetic drugs
Treatment of alcoholism with apomorphine is not less than 7 days, in some cases, the period may be extended before the appearance of intolerance to alcohol.. Gag reflex when drinking alcohol appear as a defensive reaction of the human body, which aims to eliminate toxic substances. The metabolites of ethanol in the liver lead to a General poisoning of the body. In these cases, prescribe medication to clear the stomach and prevent intoxication.. ...
http://medicalj-center.info/poisoning/tablets-causing-vomiting-a-list-of-emetic-drugs.html
Piribedil dihydrochloride | AbcamPiribedil dihydrochloride | Abcam
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Should I skip water changes? - Page 2 - Equipment and Water Care - Kokos Goldfish ForumShould I skip water changes? - Page 2 - Equipment and Water Care - Kokos Goldfish Forum
And in addition a quick google search actually bought a bunch of research on this up.. http://www.sciencedi...016648083710099. Growth Hormone and Gonadotropin Secretion in the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.): In Vitro Interactions of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Somatostatin, and the Dopamine Agonist Apomorphine. http://www.springerl...11880540350234/. Characterization of growth hormone binding sites in the goldfish,Carassius auratus: effects of hypophysectomy and hormone injection. A recombinant carp growth hormone (rcGH) was used to develop for a GH radioreceptor binding assay in the goldfish (Carassius auratus). Specific binding of125I-rcGH to goldfish liver membranes was a pH, time, temperature, and membrane protein dependent process.. (Use of artificially manufactured carp GH -rcGH- on Goldfish shows that goldfish have receptors for GH. Its a cloned GH, to whoever was asking before. There are MANY of them out there.. Stone, N., Mc Nulty, E. & Park, E. (2002) The Effect of Stocking and ...
https://kokosgoldfish.invisionzone.com/topic/99561-should-i-skip-water-changes/page/2/?tab=comments
Mismatch negativity is not correlated with neuroendocrine indicators of catecholaminergic activity in healthy subjects. -...Mismatch negativity is not correlated with neuroendocrine indicators of catecholaminergic activity in healthy subjects. -...
en] The identification of the brain structures and neurotransmitters responsible for the generation and/or modulation of the mismatch negativity (MMN) may contribute to a clearer understanding of its functional significance, and may have clinical implications. In this context, some findings suggest that the scalp-recorded MMN reflects activity from multiple neuronal ensembles within or in the immediate vicinity of the primary auditory cortex and with possible contribution from the frontal cortex. However, few data are available concerning the influence of neurotransmitter systems on the MMN. In this study, the relationship between both noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems and the MMN were investigated in 34 healthy volunteers. Noradrenergic and dopaminergic activities were assessed with the apomorphine and clonidine challenge tests. The results showed no significant relationship between either growth hormone (GH) responses to apomorphine or clonidine and the MMN amplitude or latency. ...
http://orbi.ulg.ac.be/handle/2268/5221
Treatment of female sexual dysfunction - Pentech Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Treatment of female sexual dysfunction - Pentech Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Sexual dysfunction in human females can be ameliorated, without substantial undesirable side effects, by sublingual administration of apomorphine dosage forms. Administration of apomorphine increases
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5945117.html
Inhibition of 17α-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase reduces gating deficits consequent to dopaminergic activationInhibition of 17α-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase reduces gating deficits consequent to dopaminergic activation
Cogent evidence points to the involvement of neurosteroids in the regulation of dopamine (DA) neurotransmission and signaling, yet the neurobiological bases of this link remain poorly understood. We previously showed that inhibition of 5α-reductase (5αR), a key neurosteroidogenic enzyme, attenuates the sensorimotor gating deficits induced by DA receptor activation, as measured by the prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex. To extend these findings, the present study was aimed at the assessment of the role of other key neurosteroidogenic enzymes in PPI, such as 17α-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase (CYP17A1), 3α- and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD), in Sprague-Dawley rats. The PPI deficits induced by the DAergic non-selective agonist apomorphine (APO, 0.25 mg/kg, SC) were dose-dependently attenuated by the selective CYP17A1 inhibitor abiraterone (ABI, 10-50 mg/kg, IP) in a fashion akin to that of the 5αR inhibitor finasteride (FIN, 100 mg/kg, IP). These systemic effects were ...
https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/handle/1808/24682?show=full
Does genetic BDNF deficiency in rats interact with neurotransmitter control of prepulse inhibition? Implications for...Does genetic BDNF deficiency in rats interact with neurotransmitter control of prepulse inhibition? Implications for...
Several studies have suggested a role of BDNF in the development of schizophrenia. For example, post-mortem studies have shown significantly reduced levels of BDNF protein expression in the brain of schizophrenia patients. We investigated the relationship between reduced levels of BDNF in the brain and the regulation of prepulse inhibition (PPI), a behavioral endophenotype of schizophrenia. We used BDNF heterozygous mutant rats which display a 50% decrease of mature BDNF protein levels. Previously, we observed normal baseline PPI and responses to the dopamine D1/D2 receptor agonist, apomorphine, in these rats. Here, we focused on the effects of the NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801, its interaction with mGluR2/3 and mGluR5 receptors, and the PPI response to serotonergic drugs. MK-801 administration caused a dose-dependent reduction of PPI and increase of startle amplitudes. Baseline PPI and the effect of 0.02-0.1mg/kg of MK-801 were not significantly altered in male or female BDNF heterozygous rats,
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Does-genetic-BDNF-deficiency-in-rats-interact-with-Buuse-Biel/6f6df8761a1c0e9428aa481943e1e34333f74f41
Internal Pudendal Artery Anatomy, Function & Diagram | Body MapsInternal Pudendal Artery Anatomy, Function & Diagram | Body Maps
The internal pudendal artery serves oxygenated blood to the external genitalia of both males and females. It branches from the internal iliac artery. This artery tends to be smaller in women and some of the branches of the artery are specific to each sex.
https://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/internal-pudendal-artery
Report on the MSSVD Spring meeting, Belfast, 24-26 May 2001 | Sexually Transmitted InfectionsReport on the MSSVD Spring meeting, Belfast, 24-26 May 2001 | Sexually Transmitted Infections
A reception and tour of City Hall followed.. In Friday mornings plenary session, Dr Phil Kell told us Whats new in the management of erectile dysfunction. On the horizon is sublingual apomorphine, effective in 40 minutes, and with fewer interactions than sildenafil.. There was an entertaining debate of the motion This house believes that education and counselling cannot produce significant and lasting changes in sexual behaviour. Dr Oliver Davidson speaking against the motion persuaded the house to change from 72 for and 77 against to 55 for and 92 against, after the debate.. A McOwan and colleagues presented the result of their postal survey of four central London primary care groups. Of the 120 replies received (51% response rate), 85% categorised themselves as currently offering level 1 service in the sexual health strategy. Only 11% wish to offer level 2 service for the future. Interestingly, only 2% of these general practitioners surveyed would currently look to another general ...
http://sti.bmj.com/content/78/2/150
Spears/korea teen girl stripdance britney spears do somethin, Xalatan eye drops priceSpears/korea teen girl stripdance britney spears do somethin, Xalatan eye drops price
Intravenous apomorphine therapy in Parkinsons disease: clinical and pharmacokinetic observations. I located a number on the back of my tower, but it wasnt the correct one. Our cafe complements the towns buzzing vibe in the summer and during the winter offers a place where you can unwind over unique cocktails and meals, live music shows, kids activities and so much more. Urinary frequency and functional bladder capacity improved more in the amitriptyline group, opposite cost of hyzaar but the difference was not statistically significant? Therefore, when discontinuance of propranolol is planned, the dosage should be gradually reduced over at least a few weeks, and the patient should be cautioned against interruption or cessation of therapy without the physicians advice. Keep using this amount till the cancer is eliminated? Without that understanding, it will be difficult to control the Candida monster? During the first year, I had faith in God that i would be healed somedayThis virus started ...
https://www.celebritysex.cz/2019/02/britney-spears/korea-teen-girl-stripdance-britney-spears-do-somethin.html
A Review Of dog pain relief sprayA Review Of dog pain relief spray
Antifreeze (ethylene glycol), as a result of its sweet flavor, poses an Extraordinary Threat of poisoning to dogs and cats if ingested. Even an exceedingly small sum like a tablespoon can certainly show deadly. The antifreeze alone is not toxic, but is metabolized by means of the liver to the toxins glycolate and oxalate, which cause intoxication and vomiting, metabolic acidosis, and finally acute kidney failure resulting in seizures and Demise. By the time clinical signs are noticed, the kidneys are often way too weakened for the Doggy to survive so acting quickly is vital. Fast treatments include things like inducing vomiting by using dog pain pills tramadol apomorphine or dilute hydrogen peroxide Answer (if This may be done shortly after ingestion), but these simply decrease the volume absorbed - instant veterinary treatment continues to be normally critical due to high toxicity with dog growing pain the compound ...
http://messiahbazwr.shotblogs.com/a-review-of-dog-pain-relief-spray-3719323
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Subsequently, the concentration of most commonly performed surgical incisions and highlight some tips and tricks: If sce promotes to prefacial planes it may be accompanied for longer than 52 hours, drug concentration and gastric emptying; both can a ect the chemical transmitters has forced us to achieve calm is self-empowering and can be these fibroendothelial lesions arise from fig. Inform the patient that bowel movement 4 7 head 5 right paramedian section: Lateral to the respiratory system provides oxygen and nutrient arteries only of historic interest. Some of these apomorphine is administered with caution in these patients and patients on isoniazid and rifampicin, ethambutol is optic glycosides, is absorbed systemically to be advised to drink at least 6 ounces of water. It is the minimal number of experts (oncologists, neurosur- geons, physicians, research scientists, and pathologists) in various steps of percutaneous absorption. Genic effect on the pituitary dent. (2002), into these mice ...
https://eventorum.puc.edu/usarx/viagra-tablets-in-chennai/82/
reportoctober09.htm - aubertisareportoctober09.htm - aubertisa
Le Temps des Naguals - Autour de Burroughs et Gysin is an anthology of texts unpublished in France. It gathers writings by William Burroughs, Brion Gysin, Victor Bockris, Bill Rich, Isabelle Aubert-Baudron, interviews of Ramuntcho Matta, and many colour illustrations, among them portraits realized by Jean-Marc Vincent and illustrations by Paul ODonovan.. This book was written to communicate a view of Burroughs and Gysin which they transmitted of themselves to people who knew them, and to bring to light certain aspects of their works neglected until now, among them the exploration of levels of non ordinary reality, and domains of researches which they had undertaken, on the dreamachine or Doctor John Dents apomorphine cure. Some of these researches were pursued, reproduced and experimented on the scale of the Interzone network, since August, 2007.. Le Temps des Naguals - Autour de Burroughs and Gysin is the first one of nine volumes of the anthology of Interzones writings The other ...
https://sites.google.com/site/aubertisa/reportoctober09.htm
Mind Gnawing | Tuesdays with LaurieMind Gnawing | Tuesdays with Laurie
Youve heard of mind-numbing. How about mind gnawing? Recently our son and his family relocated to a place just around the corner from us. Yay! Were excited because itll make visiting with our granddaughter extremely convenient once she arrives in September. Len and I got to help them with their move out/in process. If youve…
https://tuesdayswithlaurie.com/2018/08/07/mind-gnawing/?replytocom=48590
Mind Gnawing | Tuesdays with LaurieMind Gnawing | Tuesdays with Laurie
Youve heard of mind-numbing. How about mind gnawing? Recently our son and his family relocated to a place just around the corner from us. Yay! Were excited because itll make visiting with our granddaughter extremely convenient once she arrives in September. Len and I got to help them with their move out/in process. If youve…
https://tuesdayswithlaurie.com/2018/08/07/mind-gnawing/?replytocom=48600
List of dopaminergic drugsList of dopaminergic drugs
Apomorphine • Aripiprazole • Azodopa • Bifeprunox • BP-897 • CY-208,243 • Dizocilpine • Etilevodopa • Flibanserin • Ketamine • ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_dopaminergic_drugs
Am Spiegelgrund clinicAm Spiegelgrund clinic
... spinal injections of apomorphine; injections of phenobarbital; overdoses of sedatives, which would often lead to death when the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am_Spiegelgrund_clinic
Dopamine agonistDopamine agonist
Apomorphine has a catechol element and belongs to a class called β-phenylethylamines and its main components are similar to the ... The effect that apomorphine has on the dopamine receptors can also be linked to the similarities between its structure and ... When apomorphine interacts with the dopamine receptor, or the ATP on the receptor, the catechol and nitrogen are important to ... Apomorphine had limited use since it had considerable side effects and difficulty with administration. In 1974 bromocriptine ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopamine_agonist
Aporphine alkaloidsAporphine alkaloids
Apomorphine lowers blood pressure and is also a powerful emetic. It has been used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease ... For example, as the name suggests, morphine can be used to produce apomorphine. This can be done by adding an acid under the ... The best known representative is apomorphine. The aporphine alkaloids are of interest mainly because of their similarity to ... Apoglaziovine Apomorphine Bulbocapnine Corydine Glaucine Isoboldine Isothebaine Nuciferine The aporphine alkaloids differ in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aporphine_alkaloids
NuciferineNuciferine
It is structurally related to apomorphine. Nuciferine has been reported to have various anti-inflammatory possibly via PPAR ... Apomorphine Aporphine Glaucine Bulbocapnine Nantenine Pukateine Stepholidine Tetrahydropalmatine Bhattacharya, S. K.; Bose, R ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuciferine
AporphineAporphine
Studies on subcutaneous apomorphine injection are the closest thing as apomorphine is the bioactive form of aporphine. In a 5- ... The psychoactive effect of the flower is due to two aporphine alkaloids; apomorphine and nuciferine. Apomorphine is known to ... However, apomorphine is used in veterinary clinics as an emetic, due to severe off-target effects that lead to vomiting. In ... Historically, apomorphine has been tried for a variety of uses, including as a way to relieve anxiety and craving in alcoholics ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aporphine
Dopamine receptor D1Dopamine receptor D1
These include apomorphine, pergolide, rotigotine, and terguride. All of these drugs are preferentially D2-like receptor ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopamine_receptor_D1
DomperidoneDomperidone
3-. ISBN 978-1-4831-5550-0. Corsini GU (2010). "Apomorphine: from experimental tool to therapeutic aid" (PDF). In Ban TA, Healy ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domperidone
Amyloid betaAmyloid beta
Anti-aggregation agents such as apomorphine, or carbenoxolone. The latter has commonly been used as a treatment for peptic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloid_beta
Donald Cumming WilsonDonald Cumming Wilson
They specialised in painkillers: Morphine, Apomorphine and Diamorphine. They also made surgical dressings. During the First ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Cumming_Wilson
Ray KennedyRay Kennedy
His condition improved when he began injections of apomorphine. He was reliant on the Professional Footballers' Association to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Kennedy
Biochemistry of Alzheimers diseaseBiochemistry of Alzheimer's disease
For example, apomorphine was seen to significantly improve memory function through the increased successful completion of the ... February 2011). "Apomorphine treatment in Alzheimer mice promoting amyloid-β degradation". Annals of Neurology. 69 (2): 248-56 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemistry_of_Alzheimer's_disease
LGBT rights in AustraliaLGBT rights in Australia
The patients were subjected to apomorphine injections and electric shocks. At the time, conversion therapy was supported by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Australia
Nymphaea nouchali var. caeruleaNymphaea nouchali var. caerulea
Apomorphine is said to be main psychoactive compound present[inconsistent]. Other compounds include nuciferine. In Southern ... not to be confused with apomorphine, a metabolic product of aporphine). Nymphaea spectabilis, a purple form known from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphaea_nouchali_var._caerulea
MetoclopramideMetoclopramide
Justin-Besancon L, Laville C (1964). "[Antiemetic Action of Metoclopramide with Respect to Apomorphine and Hydergine]". Comptes ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metoclopramide
Erich HarnackErich Harnack
He is remembered for his pharmacological studies of physostigmine and apomorphine. He was the son of theologian Theodosius ... and a short history of apomorphine". Eur Neurol. 69 (6): 321-4. doi:10.1159/000346762. PMID 23549143. Harnack, Gottfried Rudolf ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erich_Harnack
Subcutaneous administrationSubcutaneous administration
This includes medications such as apomorphine and hyaluronic acid injected as a filler, which may cause the area to appear ... Müller T (October 2020). "An evaluation of subcutaneous apomorphine for the treatment of Parkinson's disease". Expert Opinion ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subcutaneous_administration
Dopamine receptor D3Dopamine receptor D3
Oliveira V, Videira G, Mendes A (July 2020). "Loss of Awareness after Continuous Apomorphine Infusion Withdrawal in Parkinson's ... Apomorphine (non-selective dopamine agonist) Bromocriptine (non-selective dopamine agonist) Captodiame CJ-1639 compound R,R-16 ... display antidepressant effects in rodent models of depression.Apomorphine has the ability to help PD patients with their ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopamine_receptor_D3
PropylnorapomorphinePropylnorapomorphine
Apomorphine "(6aS)-6-Propyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-10,11-diol". ChemSpider. Retrieved 16 January 2016. ... N-n-Propylnorapomorphine (NPA) is an aporphine derivative dopamine agonist closely related to apomorphine. In rodents it has ... Menon MK, Clark WG, Neumeyer JL (November 1978). "Comparison of the dopaminergic effects of apomorphine and (−)-N-n- ... Riffee WH, Wilcox RE, Smith RV (March 1979). "Stereotypic and hypothermic effects of apomorphine and N-n-propylnorapomorphine ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propylnorapomorphine
PecazinePecazine
Lassen JB (April 1976). "Inhibition and potentiation of apomorphine-induced hypermotility in rats by neuroleptics". Eur. J. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pecazine
SonepiprazoleSonepiprazole
However, it does reverse the prepulse inhibition deficits induced by apomorphine, and has also been shown to enhance cortical ... Mansbach RS, Brooks EW, Sanner MA, Zorn SH (January 1998). "Selective dopamine D4 receptor antagonists reverse apomorphine- ... sonepiprazole does not block the behavioral effects of amphetamine or apomorphine, does not alter spontaneous locomotor ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonepiprazole
Management of Parkinsons diseaseManagement of Parkinson's disease
Apomorphine is also available in a more acute dose as an autoinjector pen for emergency doses such as after a fall or first ... Apomorphine, which is a dopamine agonist not orally administered, may be used to reduce off periods and dyskinesia in late PD. ... Apomorphine can be administered by subcutaneous injection using a small pump which is carried by the patient. A low dose is ... After an initial "apomorphine challenge" in hospital to test its effectiveness and brief patient and primary caregiver (often a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_of_Parkinson's_disease
Parkinsons diseaseParkinson's disease
Apomorphine, a dopamine agonist, may be used to reduce off periods and dyskinesia in late PD. It is administered only by ... Since secondary effects such as confusion and hallucinations are common, individuals receiving apomorphine treatment should be ... Dopamine agonists include bromocriptine, pergolide, pramipexole, ropinirole, piribedil, cabergoline, apomorphine, and lisuride ... subcutaneous waking-day apomorphine infusion, and enteral dopa pumps may be useful. Late-stage PD presents many challenges ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkinson's_disease
Neuroleptic malignant syndromeNeuroleptic malignant syndrome
Apomorphine may be used however its use is supported by little evidence. Benzodiazepines may be used to control agitation. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroleptic_malignant_syndrome
Animals and tobacco smokeAnimals and tobacco smoke
Apomorphine hydrochloride and activated charcoal had to be administered along with other fluids. 5 days after the incident, the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animals_and_tobacco_smoke
ChlorodihydrocodideChlorodihydrocodide
... and the Mechanism of the Morphine-Apomorphine Transformation1". Journal of Organic Chemistry. 5 (4): 334-349. doi:10.1021/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorodihydrocodide
StepholidineStepholidine
Apomorphine Bulbocapnine Glaucine Nuciferine Pukateine Tetrahydropalmatine Natesan S, Reckless GE, Barlow KB, et al. (August ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepholidine
Keeley InstituteKeeley Institute
Strychnine, alcohol, apomorphine, willow bark, ammonia, and atropine were claimed to have been identified in the injections. ... Strychnine, alcohol, apomorphine, willow bark, ammonia, and atropine were among the many suggested chemicals. The Keeley ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keeley_Institute
N,N-DimethyldopamineN,N-Dimethyldopamine
1895). "Cholinergic effects of molecular segments of apomorphine and dopaminergic effects of N,N-dialkylated dopamines." J. Med ... phenethylamines and apomorphine." J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 163 188-197. M. Ilhan, J. P. Long and J. G. Cannon (1975). " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N,N-Dimethyldopamine
Apomorphine Sublingual: MedlinePlus Drug InformationApomorphine Sublingual: MedlinePlus Drug Information
Apomorphine Sublingual: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus ... Apomorphine comes as a sublingual film to take under the tongue. Apomorphine sublingual is usually used when needed, according ... Before using apomorphine,. *tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to apomorphine, any other medications, sulfites ... you should not drink alcohol while you are using apomorphine. Alcohol can make the side effects from apomorphine worse. ...
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a620044.html
Sublingual Apomorphine Alleviates Parkinsons OFF EpisodesSublingual Apomorphine Alleviates Parkinson's OFF Episodes
A new sublingual apomorphine film rapidly alleviated OFF episodes in Parkinsons dis-ease, but oral adverse effects may limit ... Apomorphine sublingual film (Kynmobi, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals) was efficacious and generally safe and well tolerated for the ... At the beginning of this study, patients in an OFF period received titrated doses of 10 to 35 mg of sublingual apomorphine in 5 ... There are no head-to-head comparisons of sublingual vs subcutaneous delivery of apomorphine. But based on experience, Pahwa ...
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/940102
Apomorphine - WikipediaApomorphine - Wikipedia
Apomorphine has a catechol structure similar to that of dopamine. Several techniques exist for the creation of apomorphine from ... Apomorphine does not work in cats, who have too few dopamine receptors. Apomorphine (data page) Propylnorapomorphine Millan MJ ... This, along with the use of sublingual apomorphine tablets, led to a renewed interest in the use of apomorphine as a treatment ... Tompkins J (1899). "Apomorphine in Acute Alcoholic Delirium". Medical Record. "Apomorphine as a hypnotic". The Lancet. 155 ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apomorphine
Apomorphine - Public CitizenApomorphine - Public Citizen
More Information on Apomorphine (Uprima). *Petition to the FDA to Require a Black-Box Warning for Dopamine Agonist Drugs, June ...
https://www.citizen.org/article/apomorphine/
apomorphine subq (Apokyn Subq) Drug Interactions - Minor or Nonsignificant - RxListapomorphine subq (Apokyn Subq) Drug Interactions - Minor or Nonsignificant - RxList
Identify these minor or nonsignificant apomorphine subq (Apokyn Subq) interactions with the RxList drug interaction checker ... Medications known to have minor interactions with apomorphine subq. drug interactions checker , minor interactions for ... All generic drug interactions for apomorphine subq (lists will include brand and generic names): ...
https://www.rxlist.com/drug-interactions/minor-index/apomorphine-subq.htm
Apokyn, Kynmobi (apomorphine) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and moreApokyn, Kynmobi (apomorphine) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more
... apomorphine), frequency-based adverse effects, comprehensive interactions, contraindications, pregnancy & lactation schedules, ... apomorphine subcutaneous APOMORPHINE - INJECTION (A-poe-MOR-feen) COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Apokyn USES: This medication is used to ... doxepin and apomorphine both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.. doxepin and apomorphine both increase QTc interval. Use ... apomorphine and sevoflurane both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.. sevoflurane and apomorphine both increase ...
http://reference.medscape.com/drug/apokyn-kynmobi-apomorphine-343040
Supernus One Step Closer to Decision on Apomorphine Infusion DeviceSupernus One Step Closer to Decision on Apomorphine Infusion Device
... an apomorphine infusion device for the continuous treatment of motor fluctuations (off episodes) in adults with Parkinson ... Apomorphine, a non-ergoline dopamine agonist, is believed to treat off episodes associated with Parkinson disease through ... Supernus receives notice assigning early October 2022 PDUFA for SPN-830 apomorphine infusion device NDA. News release. Supernus ... Close more info about Supernus One Step Closer to Decision on Apomorphine Infusion Device ...
https://www.empr.com/home/news/drugs-in-the-pipeline/supernus-one-step-closer-to-decision-on-apomorphine-infusion-device/
Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 3744 : Modification Of Apomorphine Hypothermia By Drugs Affecting Brain 5-hydroxytryptamine...Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 3744 : Modification Of Apomorphine Hypothermia By Drugs Affecting Brain 5-hydroxytryptamine...
Vivonia CA Modification Of Apomorphine Hypothermia By Drugs Affecting Brain 5-hydroxytryptamine Function European Journal of ... One mg/kg dose of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) blocked apomorphine hypothermia. The apomorphine-blocking effect of both ... "Modification Of Apomorphine Hypothermia By Drugs Affecting Brain 5-hydroxytryptamine Function". European Journal of ... Intraperitoneal administration of apomorphine caused hypothermia in mice. Pretreatment with the Serotonin (5-HT) receptor ...
https://erowid.org/references/refs_view.php?ID=3744&S=Hine_B&SField=all
Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 2813 : Influence of LSD, Apomorphine and Monoamine synthesis: Inhibitors on the urge to obtain...Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 2813 : Influence of LSD, Apomorphine and Monoamine synthesis: Inhibitors on the urge to obtain...
Apomorphine and Monoamine synthesis: Inhibitors on the urge to obtain water and seek Heterosexual contact in the female rat. ... "Influence of LSD, Apomorphine and Monoamine synthesis: Inhibitors on the urge to obtain water and seek Heterosexual contact in ... apomorphine, APO) and MAO inhibitors (p - chlorophenylalanine PGMCG and u-methyl-p-tyrosine, MT) were used. The influence.of ... "Influence of LSD, Apomorphine and Monoamine synthesis: Inhibitors on the urge to obtain water and seek Heterosexual contact in ...
https://erowid.org/references/refs_view.php?ID=2813&S=pcp%20or%20phencyclidine&SField=All
Parkinsons disease, visual hallucinations and apomorphine: a review of the available evidence - UCL...Parkinson's disease, visual hallucinations and apomorphine: a review of the available evidence - UCL...
RESULTS: Apomorphine is well-tolerated in PD patients with VH, also in long-term follow-up studies. Apomorphine is also ... Apomorphine, Dopamine, Parkinsons disease, Serotonin, Visual hallucinations. UCL classification:. UCL. UCL , Provost and Vice ... Therefore apomorphine is still an option to consider in fluctuating PD patients with VH, if they are treated properly with ... METHODS: The aim of this study is to review the current evidence of apomorphine and its effects on VH in PD patients. ...
https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1494594/
Stereochemical Characteristics of Dopamine Agonists: Molecular Structure of Bromocriptine and Structural Comparisons with...Stereochemical Characteristics of Dopamine Agonists: Molecular Structure of Bromocriptine and Structural Comparisons with...
The dopamine-like portion of the molecule has been compared conformationally with the active and inactive forms of apomorphine ... Molecular Structure of Bromocriptine and Structural Comparisons with Apomorphine. NORMAN CAMERMAN, LILIAN Y. Y. CHAN and ARTHUR ... Molecular Structure of Bromocriptine and Structural Comparisons with Apomorphine. NORMAN CAMERMAN, LILIAN Y. Y. CHAN and ARTHUR ... Molecular Structure of Bromocriptine and Structural Comparisons with Apomorphine. NORMAN CAMERMAN, LILIAN Y. Y. CHAN and ARTHUR ...
https://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/16/3/729
MDS-Device Aided Medical Therapy Module 1: A Practical Comparison of Apomorphine, Long-acting Dopamine Agonists, DBS and LCIGMDS-Device Aided Medical Therapy Module 1: A Practical Comparison of Apomorphine, Long-acting Dopamine Agonists, DBS and LCIG
The MDS-Device Aided Medical Therapy Module 1 course will provide a practical comparison of apomorphine, long-acting dopamine ... MDS-Device Aided Medical Therapy Module 1: A Practical Comparison of Apomorphine, Long-acting Dopamine Agonists, DBS and LCIG. ... 1. Describe how apomorphine, levodopa carbidopa, intestinal gel (LCIG), and deep brain stimulation (DBS) compare with each ... The MDS-Device Aided Medical Therapy Module 1 course will provide a practical comparison of apomorphine, long-acting dopamine ...
https://www.movementdisorders.org/Courses/MDS-Device-Aided-Medical-Therapy-Module-1-A-Practical-Comparison-of-Apomorphine-Long-acting-Dopamine-Agonists-DBS-and-LCIG2.htm
Proposal to award sole supply for apomorphine hydrochloride - Pharmac | New Zealand GovernmentProposal to award sole supply for apomorphine hydrochloride - Pharmac | New Zealand Government
We are proposing to make changes to the funding of apomorphine hydrochloride, a medicine used to treat advanced Parkinsons ... About apomorphine. Apomorphine is a direct acting dopamine receptor agonist, structurally related to dopamine and is typically ... Apomorphine hydrochloride inj 10 mg per ml, 2 ml ampoules are currently listed in Section B and Part II of Section H of the ... People currently using apomorphine and their family, whānau or caregivers. *Consumer support groups for people living with ...
https://pharmac.govt.nz/news-and-resources/consultations-and-decisions/proposal-to-award-sole-supply-for-apomorphine-hydrochloride/
Buy Blue Lotus | Nymphaea caerulea Flower Petals | ApomorphineBuy Blue Lotus | Nymphaea caerulea Flower Petals | Apomorphine
Our Blue Lotus flowers are imported direct from a private and organic family farm in Cameroon.
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Female Orgasmic Disorder Medication: Antidepressants, Other, Antiparkinson Agents, Dopamine AgonistsFemale Orgasmic Disorder Medication: Antidepressants, Other, Antiparkinson Agents, Dopamine Agonists
Apomorphine acts in D2 brain receptors known to be involved in sexual function. ... Placebo-controlled study on efficacy and safety of daily apomorphine SL intake in premenopausal women affected by hypoactive ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2185837-medication
Effects of apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist, on ocular refraction and axial elongation in a primate model of myopiaEffects of apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist, on ocular refraction and axial elongation in a primate model of myopia
... ... Four of the monkeys received drops of 1% apomorphine HCl 2-3 times/day in the occluded eye; the four control monkeys received ... In contrast, they found that growth of the occluded and nonoccluded eyes of the apomorphine-treated monkeys was equivalent, ... The findings suggest that apomorphine administration retards excessive axial elongation and the concomitant development of ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2016144/
Apokyn, Kynmobi (apomorphine) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and moreApokyn, Kynmobi (apomorphine) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more
... apomorphine), frequency-based adverse effects, comprehensive interactions, contraindications, pregnancy & lactation schedules, ... apomorphine subcutaneous APOMORPHINE - INJECTION (A-poe-MOR-feen) COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Apokyn USES: This medication is used to ... doxepin and apomorphine both increase sedation. Use Caution/Monitor.. doxepin and apomorphine both increase QTc interval. Use ... apomorphine and sevoflurane both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.. sevoflurane and apomorphine both increase ...
http://reference.staging.medscape.com/drug/apokyn-kynmobi-apomorphine-343040
Interested? - Apomorphine
Thank you for your interest in the use of apomorphine for the treatment of alcoholism.. The information you provide will only ... Do you consent for apomorphine.info to use your personal information and/or message to support our campaign for clinical trials ... Do you think there should be a clinical trial to test if apomorphine works?. *. Yes. ... to test Apomorphine as an alternative treatment for alcohol and other chemical or psychological dependencies? *. *. I am happy ...
https://apomorphine.info/?page_id=5505
Apomorphine
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Behavioral interactions produced by co-administration of 7-OH-DPAT with cocaine or apomorphine in the rat<...
... apomorphine. To examine whether 7-OH-DPAT would alter cocaine and apomorphine dose-response curves for motor behaviors and CPP ... apomorphine. To examine whether 7-OH-DPAT would alter cocaine and apomorphine dose-response curves for motor behaviors and CPP ... apomorphine. To examine whether 7-OH-DPAT would alter cocaine and apomorphine dose-response curves for motor behaviors and CPP ... apomorphine. To examine whether 7-OH-DPAT would alter cocaine and apomorphine dose-response curves for motor behaviors and CPP ...
https://asu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/behavioral-interactions-produced-by-co-administration-of-7-oh-dpa
Medical Information - APOKYN® (apomorphine HCI)Medical Information - APOKYN® (apomorphine HCI)
Alcohol, antihypertensive medications, and vasodilating medications may potentiate the hypotensive effect of apomorphine. ... Alcohol, antihypertensive medications, and vasodilating medications may potentiate the hypotensive effect of apomorphine. ...
https://www.apokynhcp.com/hcp-resources/medical-information
Dopamine agonist - WikipediaDopamine agonist - Wikipedia
Apomorphine[edit]. Apomorphine has a catechol element and belongs to a class called β-phenylethylamines and its main components ... Subramony JA (2006). "Apomorphine in dopaminergic therapy". Molecular Pharmaceutics. 3 (4): 380-5. doi:10.1021/mp060012c. PMID ... When apomorphine interacts with the dopamine receptor, or the ATP on the receptor, the catechol and nitrogen are important to ... Apomorphine (Apokyn - used to treat Parkinsons disease & Restless leg syndrome ) - biased at the D1 receptor.[40] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopamine_agonist
Patient Stories - Apomorphine
Read first-hand accounts by addicts who received the apomorphine treatment from Dr John Yerbury Dent.. ...
https://apomorphine.info/?page_id=5499
apomorphine (sublingual/injection)apomorphine (sublingual/injection)
Apomorphine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. ... Apomorphine is used to treat "wearing-off" episodes (muscle stiffness, loss of muscle control) in people with ... Measuring your apomorphine injection dose correctly is extremely important. The dose in an apomorphine injection pen is ... What is apomorphine?. Apomorphine is used to treat "wearing-off" episodes (muscle stiffness, loss of muscle control) in people ...
https://www.wayneunc.org/wellness/health-library/document-viewer/?id=d04991a1
IMSEAR at SEARO: Effect of intracisternally administered adenosine and inosine on apomorphine- and amphetamine-induced...IMSEAR at SEARO: Effect of intracisternally administered adenosine and inosine on apomorphine- and amphetamine-induced...
Singh J. Effect of intracisternally administered adenosine and inosine on apomorphine- and amphetamine-induced stereotyped ... Effect of intracisternally administered adenosine and inosine on apomorphine- and amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour in ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/108193?mode=full
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Buy Apokyn (apomorphine hcl) Online | Blink HealthBuy Apokyn (apomorphine hcl) Online | Blink Health
Apomorphine is used to treat off episodes when they occur. It is not used to prevent off episodes. This drug should not be ... Apomorphine is used to treat off episodes when they occur. It is not used to prevent off episodes. This drug should not be ... Before using apomorphine, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This ... Before using apomorphine, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all the drugs you take and if you have any of the following ...
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Updated shared care protocol: apomorphine for adult patients - GMMMGUpdated shared care protocol: apomorphine for adult patients - GMMMG
Home » News Summary » Updated shared care protocol: apomorphine for adult patients. Updated shared care protocol: apomorphine ... the revised GMMMG shared care protocol for apomorphine for adult patients is now available. ...
https://gmmmg.nhs.uk/updated-shared-care-protocol-apomorphine-for-adult-patients/
ApokynParkinson'sHydrochlorideEffects of apomorphineEffect of apomorphineSuggest that apomorphineAdministration of apomorphine2022KynmobiSubcutaneousTrimethobenzamideDose of apomorphineResponse to apomorphineHypotensionReceptorsInject apomorphineSublingual apomorphineSerotoninEpisodesPrecautionsFormulationInjectionInteractionsAlcoholAllergicAdverse effectsPatientsConcomitantInduceInfusionInjectionsSubcutaneouslyCause dizzinessErectile dysfunctionMedicationDoses2020ArterialOndansetronReceptorStimulatesRatsTreatmentCynapsusSynthesisProlongationDrugsVeinAcuteHealthcare providerDrugCocaine
Apokyn9
  • Apomorphine, sold under the brand name Apokyn among others, is a type of aporphine having activity as a non-selective dopamine agonist which activates both D2-like and, to a much lesser extent, D1-like receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Apomorphine injection (Apokyn) is injected under the skin. (wayneunc.org)
  • Apokyn is also referred to by its drug name, apomorphine. (myparkinsonsteam.com)
  • Apokyn is not suitable for use in people who have previously shown hypersensitivity to apomorphine, sulfa drugs, or sulfites. (myparkinsonsteam.com)
  • Apokyn (apomorphine) is good for treating the 'off' episodes or difficulty moving around when you have advanced Parkinson's disease, but it can cause vomiting and sudden sleepiness. (iodine.com)
  • People respond to the injection of Apokyn (apomorphine) very quickly and this response can last longer than other medicines. (iodine.com)
  • Apokyn (apomorphine) should only be used if you have an 'off' period of moving around. (iodine.com)
  • Dosing can be confusing since the pen only dispenses in milliliters, and there have been reports of people getting overdoses of Apokyn (apomorphine) because they thought it was for milligrams. (iodine.com)
  • Stopping Apokyn (apomorphine) suddenly or lowering the dose too quickly can cause your muscles to become very stiff and you might get a very high fever, which can be life threatening. (iodine.com)
Parkinson's13
  • Apomorphine sublingual film ( Kynmobi, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals) was efficacious and generally safe and well tolerated for the on-demand treatment of OFF episodes in Parkinson's disease, long-term follow-up of a phase 3 study has shown. (medscape.com)
  • Currently, apomorphine is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Apomorphine is used in advanced Parkinson's disease intermittent hypomobility ("off" episodes), where a decreased response to an anti-Parkinson drug such as L-DOPA causes muscle stiffness and loss of muscle control. (wikipedia.org)
  • We are proposing to make changes to the funding of apomorphine hydrochloride, a medicine used to treat advanced Parkinson's disease, through an agreement with Stada. (pharmac.govt.nz)
  • Apomorphine is used to treat "wearing-off" episodes (muscle stiffness, loss of muscle control) in people with Parkinson's disease. (wayneunc.org)
  • Some anti-nausea medicines can increase certain side effects of apomorphine, or can make your Parkinson's symptoms worse. (wayneunc.org)
  • Apomorphine (aporphine-10,11-diol, CA Registry Number 58004) is a non-narcotic derivative of morphine discovered in 1869 by Mattheisen [1] and it is a well-known potent short-acting dopamine agonist at D1 and D2 dopamine receptors, typically used in the treatment of patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). (edu.sa)
  • Apomorphine treats treats acute immobility episodes, also known as 'off periods', that occur in advanced Parkinson's Disease. (rxwiki.com)
  • Apomorphine is a prescription medication used in the treatment of acute episodes of reduced mobility, also known as 'off periods', that can occur in advanced Parkinson's disease . (rxwiki.com)
  • Apomorphine is a prescription medication used to treat acute episodes of reduced mobility, also known as 'off periods', that can occur in advanced Parkinson's disease . (rxwiki.com)
  • The company has several transdermal products in clinical trials in the US, including an insulin patch providing basal levels of the hormone for diabetes treatment, an apomorphine hydrochloride patch for management of advanced Parkinson's disease, and a fentanyl citrate patch for moderate to severe pain management. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • Apomorphine works by reducing the time of "off" or immobile periods in people previously treated for Parkinson's disease with levodopa (another treatment for Parkinson's disease ) and/or other dopamine agonists. (zeepedia.com)
  • KYNMOBI ® (APL-130277) is a sublingual formulation of apomorphine approved for the treatment of OFF episodes in Parkinson's disease. (clinicaltrialsarena.com)
Hydrochloride2
  • The net cost of Movapo 2 ml ampoule would be reduced from 1 January 2020 and Movapo would be the only funded brand of apomorphine hydrochloride until 30 June 2023. (pharmac.govt.nz)
  • Apomorphine hydrochloride hemihydrate belongs to a group of medicines called dopamine agonists. (zeepedia.com)
Effects of apomorphine4
  • Common side effects of apomorphine are nausea, yawning, and runny nose. (rxwiki.com)
  • Metoclopramide has 28.8 nM affinity at the D2 receptor site and apomorphine 52nM (higher number = lower affinity) so theoretically metoclopramide may diminish the effects of apomorphine but I couldn't find any studies relating to this. (vtx-cpd.com)
  • Dopamine transporter genotype dependent effects of apomorphine on cold pain tolerance in healthy volunteers. (cdc.gov)
  • Shuddha Guggulu or capsules should be effects of apomorphine, induces release of lipid metabolism, showing high grade formula made a single reduce hunger and. (marsta.nu)
Effect of apomorphine3
  • Some data suggest that the positive effect of apomorphine on VH is related to its piperidine moiety, part of many anti-psychotics. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Alcohol, antihypertensive medications, and vasodilating medications may potentiate the hypotensive effect of apomorphine. (apokynhcp.com)
  • The effect of apomorphine sl. (psm.edu)
Suggest that apomorphine2
  • The risk of developing VH with oral dopamine agonists seems to increase with advancing disease, while in contrast some clinical studies suggest that apomorphine does not worsen VH, or might even improve VH. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • The findings suggest that apomorphine administration retards excessive axial elongation and the concomitant development of myopia associated with visual deprivation in primates. (nih.gov)
Administration of apomorphine2
  • IV administration of apomorphine is highly discouraged, as it can crystallize in the veins and create a blood clot (thrombus) and block a pulmonary artery (pulmonary embolism). (wikipedia.org)
  • Intraperitoneal administration of apomorphine caused hypothermia in mice. (erowid.org)
20221
  • Supernus receives notice assigning early October 2022 PDUFA for SPN-830 apomorphine infusion device NDA. (empr.com)
Kynmobi2
  • Apomorphine sublingual (Kynmobi) is placed under the tongue, where it will dissolve in about 3 minutes. (wayneunc.org)
  • KYNMOBI is available as a sublingual film coated with apomorphine, which can be used up to five times a day at doses of between 10mg and 30mg. (clinicaltrialsarena.com)
Subcutaneous4
  • However, it may have some advantages over subcutaneous apomorphine injections in terms of administration during OFF episodes. (medscape.com)
  • New subjects could not have received subcutaneous apomorphine within 7 days of a screening visit. (medscape.com)
  • SPN-830 provides a continuous subcutaneous infusion of apomorphine through an infusion pump. (empr.com)
  • Apomorphine is available as a subcutaneous (under the skin) injection given at the onset of an "off period. (rxwiki.com)
Trimethobenzamide5
  • Your doctor will give you another medication called trimethobenzamide to take when you begin to use apomorphine sublingual. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Your doctor will probably tell you to begin taking trimethobenzamide 3 days before you begin to use apomorphine, and to continue taking it for up to 2 months. (medlineplus.gov)
  • You should know that taking trimethobenzamide along with apomorphine may increase your risk of drowsiness, dizziness, and falls. (medlineplus.gov)
  • antiemetics such as trimethobenzamide or domperidone, dopamine antagonists, are often used while first starting apomorphine. (wikipedia.org)
  • To decrease the risk of nausea, your doctor may direct you to start taking another medication (e.g., trimethobenzamide) 3 days before your first dose of apomorphine and to continue taking as directed for up to 2 months. (blinkhealth.com)
Dose of apomorphine2
  • Do not use a second dose of apomorphine sublingual for treatment of the same "off" episode. (medlineplus.gov)
  • You will receive your first dose of apomorphine in a medical office where your doctor can closely monitor your condition to determine your dose. (medlineplus.gov)
Response to apomorphine4
  • Psychooncology and cancer progression-related alterations of pleasure-associated neurochemical system: Abnormal neuroendocrine response to apomorphine in advanced cancer patients. (nel.edu)
  • Lissoni P, Malugani F, Manganini V, Ardizzoia A, Gardani G, Bartolacelli E, Messina G, Tancini G. Psychooncology and cancer progression-related alterations of pleasure-associated neurochemical system: Abnormal neuroendocrine response to apomorphine in advanced cancer patients. (nel.edu)
  • Mean LPPr was 76.8 ± 6.18 mm Hg at baseline and decreased by 50% after injury, with no response to apomorphine on day 7. (inserm.fr)
  • Our data did not allow us to determine whether the impairment in erectile response to apomorphine preponderantly reflected arterial penile insufficiency or veno-occlusive dysfunction. (inserm.fr)
Hypotension3
  • Profound hypotension and loss of consciousness reported when 5HT3 antagonists are coadministered with apomorphine. (medscape.com)
  • Profound hypotension, loss of consciousness with apomorphine. (empr.com)
  • Use with apomorphine (profound hypotension). (arogga.com)
Receptors11
  • Contrary to its name, apomorphine does not actually contain morphine or its skeleton, nor does it bind to opioid receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dopamine antagonists, by their nature of competing for sites at dopamine receptors, reduce the effectiveness of the agonistic apomorphine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Apomorphine improves motor function by activating dopamine receptors in the nigrostriatal pathway, the limbic system, the hypothalamus, and the pituitary gland. (wikipedia.org)
  • Apomorphine, a non-ergoline dopamine agonist, is believed to treat off episodes associated with Parkinson disease through stimulation of postsynaptic dopamine D 2 -type receptors within the caudate-putamen in the brain. (empr.com)
  • Apomorphine acts in D2 brain receptors known to be involved in sexual function. (medscape.com)
  • The attenuation of cocaine-CPP by 7-OHDPAT likely involves stimulation of D 2 /D 3 autoreceptors in the mesolimbic pathway, whereas the potentiation of apomorphine-CPP likely involves stimulation of D 2 /D 3 postsynaptic receptors. (elsevier.com)
  • Furthermore, it is suggested that attenuation of apomorphine- induced locomotion by 7-OH-DPAT likely involves stimulation of postsynaptic D 3 receptors in the mesolimbic pathway. (elsevier.com)
  • Apomorphine is an a potent Dopamine 1 and (to a greater degree) Dopamine 2-'like' receptor agonist and also has an antagonistic effect on serotonergic receptors 5-HT2 and antagonist effects on alpha adrenergic receptors. (vtx-cpd.com)
  • Metoclopramide and Apomorphine act on the same receptors and maropitant is the different one. (vtx-cpd.com)
  • So when we give apomorphine this is where the action is happening on the D2 receptors. (vtx-cpd.com)
  • Block by 5-hydroxytryptamine and apomorphine of recombinant human neuronal nicotinic receptors. (semanticscholar.org)
Inject apomorphine3
  • Do not inject apomorphine into a vein. (wayneunc.org)
  • Your healthcare provider will show you where on your body to inject apomorphine. (wayneunc.org)
  • Do not inject apomorphine in your vein. (rxwiki.com)
Sublingual apomorphine1
  • At the beginning of this study, patients in an OFF period received titrated doses of 10 to 35 mg of sublingual apomorphine in 5 mg increments during sequential office visits until they achieved a tolerable full ON within 45 minutes of a dose. (medscape.com)
Serotonin3
  • Pretreatment with the Serotonin (5-HT) receptor antagonists methysergide (3 mg/kg), cinanserin (10 mg/kg) or brom-LSD (3 mg/kg) potentiated this response of apomorphine. (erowid.org)
  • Irrespective this piperidine moiety, apomorphine has a high D1-like receptor affinity, and acts as a serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, which might explain the potential anti-hallucinogenic properties as well. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • To investigate the effect of varying monoaminergic activity levels on motivation, a serotonin agonist (LSD), a dopamine agonist (apomorphine, APO) and MAO inhibitors (p - chlorophenylalanine PGMCG and u-methyl-p-tyrosine, MT) were used. (erowid.org)
Episodes3
  • The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has assigned a Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) target date for SPN-830, an apomorphine infusion device for the continuous treatment of motor fluctuations (off episodes) in adults with Parkinson disease. (empr.com)
  • Apomorphine is used to treat 'off' episodes when they occur. (blinkhealth.com)
  • There have been reports of severe episodes of sudden drowsiness in a small number of patients using apomorphine. (rxwiki.com)
Precautions1
  • See the "Apomorphine Precautions" section. (rxwiki.com)
Formulation1
  • To identify the unknown vibrational spectrum of this compound, apomorphine bare salt and its commercial drug formulation (Apofin) were examined by means of Raman spectroscopy. (edu.sa)
Injection8
  • Measuring your apomorphine injection dose correctly is extremely important. (wayneunc.org)
  • The dose in an apomorphine injection pen is measured in milliliters (mL) marked on the pen. (wayneunc.org)
  • One milligram, or 1 mg, of apomorphine is equal to 0.1 mL marked on the injection pen. (wayneunc.org)
  • The medicine from an apomorphine injection pen can cause irritation if it gets in your eyes or on your skin. (wayneunc.org)
  • If you stop using apomorphine injection for 7 days or longer , ask your doctor before restarting the medication. (wayneunc.org)
  • By using a model of hemiparkinsonism in male rats, injection of the neurotoxic 6-OHDA in left striatum, we studied progesterone's effects on rotational behavior induced by amphetamine or apomorphine. (hindawi.com)
  • He takes it each morning in advance of any use of apomorphine injections because it has prevented nausea and vomiting that he experienced after his first injection in the past. (neurologylive.com)
  • To assess EF, we measured systemic and penile blood flow using penile laser Doppler and penile rigidity using a durometer before and after apomorphine injection. (inserm.fr)
Interactions1
  • This is not a complete list of apomorphine drug interactions. (rxwiki.com)
Alcohol2
  • Do you consent for apomorphine.info to use your personal information and/or message to support our campaign for clinical trials to test Apomorphine as an alternative treatment for alcohol and other chemical or psychological dependencies? (apomorphine.info)
  • 2009. The dopamine agonist apomorphine differentially affects cognitive performance in alcohol dependent patients and healthy controls. . (nispa.nl)
Allergic3
  • tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to apomorphine, any other medications, sulfites, or any other ingredients in apomorphine sublingual. (medlineplus.gov)
  • You should not use apomorphine if you are allergic it. (wayneunc.org)
  • Severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reactions are possible with apomorphine. (rxwiki.com)
Adverse effects3
  • After that, your doctor will tell you to use apomorphine sublingual at home and to monitor for adverse effects. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Besides the usual adverse effects with apomorphine, the sublingual film was associated with more oral adverse effects than seen with the injectable drug. (medscape.com)
  • The risk or severity of adverse effects can be decreased when Apomorphine is combined with Epicriptine. (drugbank.com)
Patients6
  • METHODS: The aim of this study is to review the current evidence of apomorphine and its effects on VH in PD patients. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • RESULTS: Apomorphine is well-tolerated in PD patients with VH, also in long-term follow-up studies. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Therefore apomorphine is still an option to consider in fluctuating PD patients with VH, if they are treated properly with respect to their cholinergic deficits and existing VH. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Patients would continue to access funded apomorphine. (pharmac.govt.nz)
  • Following approval by CRG and GMMMG, and by the Greater Manchester ICS Clinical Effectiveness and Governance Committee, the revised GMMMG shared care protocol for apomorphine for adult patients is now available. (gmmmg.nhs.uk)
  • Some patients can stop taking Tigan after using apomorphine for several months. (rxwiki.com)
Concomitant2
  • Concomitant use of apomorphine. (nih.gov)
  • Concomitant apomorphine. (empr.com)
Induce5
  • Historically, apomorphine has been tried for a variety of uses, including as a way to relieve anxiety and craving in alcoholics, an emetic (to induce vomiting), for treating stereotypies (repeated behaviour) in farmyard animals, and more recently in treating erectile dysfunction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The emetic properties of apomorphine are exploited in veterinary medicine to induce therapeutic emesis in canines that have recently ingested toxic or foreign substances. (wikipedia.org)
  • CONCLUSION: The anecdotal evidence suggesting that apomorphine has a relatively low proclivity to induce VH in PD may be due to its capacity to reduce serotonergic activity in particular. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • por el contrario, la lesi n de este n cleo induce un incremento en la conducta antes mencionada. (medigraphic.com)
  • Soon after Commander ingested the object, veterinary staff at the aquarium administered a dose of a drug called apomorphine, which is used to induce vomiting, in hopes that he would expel the foreign object. (bostonmagazine.com)
Infusion1
  • Supernus resubmits NDA for SPN-830 apomorphine infusion device. (empr.com)
Injections1
  • His treatment regimen has been changed recently and includes apomorphine injections: in his case, 0.3 mL of solution that's given subcutaneously, which was worked out by titration. (neurologylive.com)
Subcutaneously2
  • When an episode sets in, the apomorphine is injected subcutaneously or applied sublingually, and signs subside. (wikipedia.org)
  • Apomorphine injected subcutaneously can sometimes go to work within 5 to 10 minutes. (neurologylive.com)
Cause dizziness2
  • you should know that if you use nitroglycerin under your tongue while using apomorphine sublingual, your blood pressure may decrease and cause dizziness. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Apomorphine can also cause dizziness. (rxwiki.com)
Erectile dysfunction1
  • Hydroxylated to apomorphine in erectile dysfunction in rats. (psm.edu)
Medication3
  • This medication will help decrease your chance of developing nausea and vomiting while you are using apomorphine, especially during the beginning of treatment. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Apomorphine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. (wayneunc.org)
  • Apomorphine is a medication that stimulates both libido and erections and it works synergistically with Tadalafil. (vaulthealth.com)
Doses1
  • Furthermore, 7-OHDPAT attenuated locomotion produced by high doses of apomorphine. (elsevier.com)
20201
  • A new apomorphine 10 mg/ml, 5 ml ampoule would be funded from 1 February 2020. (pharmac.govt.nz)
Arterial2
  • The priapism is caused by apomorphine increasing arterial blood supply to the penis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Apomorphine increased baseline Doppler flow by 180% (95% confidence interval, 156-202%) and penile hardness from 3.49 ± 0.5 to 7.16 ± 0.82 Shore A units but did not change systemic arterial flow. (inserm.fr)
Ondansetron1
Receptor2
  • On the contrary, the 5-HT receptor agonists quipazine (3 mg/kg) and MK-212 (3 mg/kg), significantly blocked apomorphine hypothermia. (erowid.org)
  • I guess the question pharmacologically is, does metoclopramide have greater affinity for the D2 receptor than apomorphine? (vtx-cpd.com)
Stimulates1
  • Apomorphine stimulates dopamine in the brain to further stimulate the sexual response. (renewyouth.com)
Rats1
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Effect of intracisternally administered adenosine and inosine on apomorphine- and amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour in rats. (who.int)
Treatment7
  • Apomorphine was also used as a private treatment of heroin addiction, a purpose for which it was championed by the author William S. Burroughs. (wikipedia.org)
  • There is, however, no clinical evidence that apomorphine is an effective and safe treatment regimen for opiate addiction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thank you for your interest in the use of apomorphine for the treatment of alcoholism. (apomorphine.info)
  • Read first-hand accounts by addicts who received the apomorphine treatment from Dr John Yerbury Dent. (apomorphine.info)
  • Begun as an amplification on writings on apomorphine treatment for heroin addiction in the British Journal of Addiction (1957) and the. (jmichaelsbooks.com)
  • EN] Emetics can be used to obtain food samples from birds, but they can harm birds during or after treatment. (upv.es)
  • Schlatter, E. K. E. & Lal, S. (1972) Treatment of alcoholism using Dent's oral apomorphine method. (easyfamily.top)
Cynapsus2
  • Toronto-based Cynapsus is developing APL 130277, a sublingual thin film strip containing apomorphine that dissolves much like the breath mint strips. (cynapsus.ca)
  • The start-up hasn't disclosed which molecule it's working on, but Cynapsus' Giovinazzo said it's either levadopa or apomorphine. (cynapsus.ca)
Synthesis2
  • Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 2813 : Influence of LSD, Apomorphine and Monoamine synthesis: Inhibitors on the urge to obtain water and seek Heterosexual contact in the female rat. (erowid.org)
  • A Report on the Synthesis of the Apomorphine Form. (jmichaelsbooks.com)
Prolongation1
  • Additionally, dolasetron may cause additive QT prolongation with apomorphine. (medscape.com)
Drugs2
  • Some drugs should not be used together with apomorphine. (wayneunc.org)
  • Apomorphine belongs to a group of drugs called non-ergoline dopamine agonists. (rxwiki.com)
Vein1
  • Injecting apomorphine into a vein (intravenous) can cause blood clots. (rxwiki.com)
Acute1
  • Thesis title: Effects of acute and chronic apomorphine on sexual behavior and copulation-induced neural activation in the male rat. (rug.nl)
Healthcare provider1
  • What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before using apomorphine? (wayneunc.org)
Drug2
  • It was concluded that 5-HT modulates the dopamine (DA)-mediated body temperature changes and that drug induced alterations in the brain 5-HT function modify apomorphine-induced hypothermia in a predictable manner. (erowid.org)
  • In the Raman spectrum of apomorphine (both bare salt and commercial drug), two strong characteristic signals werefound,whichwereassignedwiththehelpoffirst-principlescalculations:thebandat1589cm -1 (assignedtothestretching mode of the B aromatic ring coupled with C-H in-plane bending) and the band at 1302 cm -1 (assigned to O-H in-plane bending and CH 2 twisting and wagging vibrations). (edu.sa)
Cocaine4
  • This study further examined the effects of 7-OH-DPAT on behaviors produced by the indirect DA agonist, cocaine, and the non-selective direct DA agonist, apomorphine. (elsevier.com)
  • To examine whether 7-OH-DPAT would alter cocaine and apomorphine dose-response curves for motor behaviors and CPP, 0.1 mg/kg 7-OH-DPAT was co-administered with 0- 30 mg/kg cocaine and 0-3 mg/kg apomorphine. (elsevier.com)
  • 7-OH-DPAT enhanced cocaine- and apomorphine-induced stereotypies following repeated administration. (elsevier.com)
  • 7-OH-DPAT also attenuated cocaine-CPP, but potentiated apomorphine-CPP. (elsevier.com)
Parkinson Disease Medication: Dopamine Agonists, Anticholinergic, MAO-B inhibitors, Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors, Central,...
Parkinson Disease Medication: Dopamine Agonists, Anticholinergic, MAO-B inhibitors, Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors, Central,... (medscape.com)
Female Orgasmic Disorder Medication: Antidepressants, Other, Antiparkinson Agents, Dopamine Agonists
Female Orgasmic Disorder Medication: Antidepressants, Other, Antiparkinson Agents, Dopamine Agonists (emedicine.medscape.com)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
Sublingual Apomorphine Alleviates Parkinson's OFF Episodes
Sublingual Apomorphine Alleviates Parkinson's OFF Episodes (medscape.com)
Parkinson : actualité des pompes à apomorphine et de la neurochirurgie
Parkinson : actualité des pompes à apomorphine et de la neurochirurgie (medscape.com)
Erectile Dysfunction Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, External Erection-Facilitating...
Erectile Dysfunction Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, External Erection-Facilitating... (medscape.com)
Metoclopramide Nasal Spray: MedlinePlus Drug Information
Metoclopramide Nasal Spray: MedlinePlus Drug Information (medlineplus.gov)
Parkinson : la moitié des patients sous agonistes dopaminergiques souffre de troubles du contrôle des impulsions
Parkinson : la moitié des patients sous agonistes dopaminergiques souffre de troubles du contrôle des impulsions (medscape.com)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
APO-risperiDONE Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.com
APO-risperiDONE Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.com (drugs.com)
CO Irbesartan - Uses, Side Effects, Interactions - MedBroadcast.com
CO Irbesartan - Uses, Side Effects, Interactions - MedBroadcast.com (medbroadcast.com)
Little magazines | verdant press
Little magazines | verdant press (verdantpress.com)
E-3810 - Ontology Browser - Rat Genome Database
E-3810 - Ontology Browser - Rat Genome Database (rgd.mcw.edu)
EastMidlands-RSN - Page 4 - For people in the East Midlands interested in Parkinson's research
EastMidlands-RSN - Page 4 - For people in the East Midlands interested in Parkinson's research (eastmidlands-rsn.org)
Netmeds.com
Netmeds.com (netmeds.com)
Ran-Irbesartan | PharmaChoice
Ran-Irbesartan | PharmaChoice (pharmachoice.com)
Comment évolue la maladie de Parkinson | Orkyn'
Comment évolue la maladie de Parkinson | Orkyn' (orkyn.fr)
Projects V1 - UDIC Unitat D'Investigació Clínica
Projects V1 - UDIC Unitat D'Investigació Clínica (udic.es)
Carbinoxamine-pseudoephedrine oral (Andec Oral, Andec TR Oral, Biodec Oral, Biohist-LA Oral, Carbaxefed RF Oral) Drug...
Carbinoxamine-pseudoephedrine oral (Andec Oral, Andec TR Oral, Biodec Oral, Biohist-LA Oral, Carbaxefed RF Oral) Drug... (rxlist.com)
A Look at the Generic and Biosimilar Drug Pipeline
A Look at the Generic and Biosimilar Drug Pipeline (ipdanalytics.com)
Erectile Dysfunction (ED) Treatment Through Compounding - Pavilion
Erectile Dysfunction (ED) Treatment Through Compounding - Pavilion (pavilioncompounding.com)
東北大学医学部小児科：業績
東北大学医学部小児科：業績 (ped.med.tohoku.ac.jp)
List publications
List publications (dr-julian-keogh.de)
Bloke cracking goal the full monty get stuffed mate posh. - Out of Blue
Bloke cracking goal the full monty get stuffed mate posh. - Out of Blue (outofblue.net)
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 inhibits α-synuclein-induced microglia inflammation to protect from neurotoxicity in...
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 inhibits α-synuclein-induced microglia inflammation to protect from neurotoxicity in... (jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com)
Blue Lotus of the Nile: The Narcotic Lily - Mermade Magickal Arts
Blue Lotus of the Nile: The Narcotic Lily - Mermade Magickal Arts (mermadearts.com)
Research Grants 15/09984-9 - Síntese orgânica, Síntese assimétrica - BV FAPESP
Research Grants 15/09984-9 - Síntese orgânica, Síntese assimétrica - BV FAPESP (bvs.fapesp.br)
MBBS Medicine (Humanity First): Parkinson's disease
MBBS Medicine (Humanity First): Parkinson's disease (medicinembbs.com)
Pharmaceutical Drug Analysis l Report Store l Pharma Intelligence
Pharmaceutical Drug Analysis l Report Store l Pharma Intelligence (pharmastore.informa.com)
Sphenopalatine Ganglion (SPG) Blocks | SPG Blocks | Chicago
Sphenopalatine Ganglion (SPG) Blocks | SPG Blocks | Chicago (sphenopalatineganglionblocks.com)
Can Golden Retrievers Eat Chocolate - ClubGoldenRetriever.com
Can Golden Retrievers Eat Chocolate - ClubGoldenRetriever.com (clubgoldenretriever.com)
Pro Plus Penis Enlargement Before And After Penis Enlargement Time Lapse & Unique Carpet And Floor
Pro Plus Penis Enlargement Before And After Penis Enlargement Time Lapse & Unique Carpet And Floor (uniquecarpetandfloor.com)
RX Pharmacy: Tamsulosin viagra side effects tracking numbers!
RX Pharmacy: Tamsulosin viagra side effects tracking numbers! (vgdev.gtorg.gatech.edu)
Schedule Online - Search: diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, hepatitis b and haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine
Schedule Online - Search: diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, hepatitis b and haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (schedule.pharmac.govt.nz)
Klotter kan delvis förklara brottssiffror - BID Gamlestaden
Klotter kan delvis förklara brottssiffror - BID Gamlestaden (bidgamlestaden.se)
End Stage Of Parkinson Help | MyParkinsonsTeam
End Stage Of Parkinson Help | MyParkinsonsTeam (myparkinsonsteam.com)