Apolipoprotein c ii. Medical search

A 6.6-kDa protein component of VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; INTERMEDIATE-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; and HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. Apo C-I displaces APO E from lipoproteins, modulate their binding to receptors (RECEPTORS, LDL), and thereby decrease their clearance from plasma. Elevated Apo C-I levels are associated with HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA and ATHEROSCLEROSIS.

A group of apolipoproteins that can readily exchange among the various classes of lipoproteins (HDL; VLDL; CHYLOMICRONS). After lipolysis of TRIGLYCERIDES on VLDL and chylomicrons, Apo-C proteins are normally transferred to HDL. The subtypes can modulate remnant binding to receptors, LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE, or LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE.

A 9-kDa protein component of VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS and CHYLOMICRON REMNANTS. Apo C-III, synthesized in the liver, is an inhibitor of LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE. Apo C-III modulates the binding of chylomicron remnants and VLDL to receptors (RECEPTORS, LDL) thus decreases the uptake of triglyceride-rich particles by the liver cells and subsequent degradation. The normal Apo C-III is glycosylated. There are several polymorphic forms with varying amounts of SIALIC ACID (Apo C-III-0, Apo C-III-1, and Apo C-III-2).

A class of lipoproteins of very light (0.93-1.006 g/ml) large size (30-80 nm) particles with a core composed mainly of TRIGLYCERIDES and a surface monolayer of PHOSPHOLIPIDS and CHOLESTEROL into which are imbedded the apolipoproteins B, E, and C. VLDL facilitates the transport of endogenously made triglycerides to extrahepatic tissues. As triglycerides and Apo C are removed, VLDL is converted to INTERMEDIATE-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS, then to LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS from which cholesterol is delivered to the extrahepatic tissues.

The most abundant protein component of HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS or HDL. This protein serves as an acceptor for CHOLESTEROL released from cells thus promoting efflux of cholesterol to HDL then to the LIVER for excretion from the body (reverse cholesterol transport). It also acts as a cofactor for LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE that forms CHOLESTEROL ESTERS on the HDL particles. Mutations of this gene APOA1 cause HDL deficiency, such as in FAMILIAL ALPHA LIPOPROTEIN DEFICIENCY DISEASE and in some patients with TANGIER DISEASE.

A class of protein components which can be found in several lipoproteins including HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; and CHYLOMICRONS. Synthesized in most organs, Apo E is important in the global transport of lipids and cholesterol throughout the body. Apo E is also a ligand for LDL receptors (RECEPTORS, LDL) that mediates the binding, internalization, and catabolism of lipoprotein particles in cells. There are several allelic isoforms (such as E2, E3, and E4). Deficiency or defects in Apo E are causes of HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE III.

A 513-kDa protein synthesized in the LIVER. It serves as the major structural protein of low-density lipoproteins (LIPOPROTEINS, LDL; LIPOPROTEINS, VLDL). It is the ligand for the LDL receptor (RECEPTORS, LDL) that promotes cellular binding and internalization of LDL particles.

Major structural proteins of triacylglycerol-rich LIPOPROTEINS. There are two forms, apolipoprotein B-100 and apolipoprotein B-48, both derived from a single gene. ApoB-100 expressed in the liver is found in low-density lipoproteins (LIPOPROTEINS, LDL; LIPOPROTEINS, VLDL). ApoB-48 expressed in the intestine is found in CHYLOMICRONS. They are important in the biosynthesis, transport, and metabolism of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins. Plasma Apo-B levels are high in atherosclerotic patients but non-detectable in ABETALIPOPROTEINEMIA.

A major and the second most common isoform of apolipoprotein E. In humans, Apo E4 differs from APOLIPOPROTEIN E3 at only one residue 112 (cysteine is replaced by arginine), and exhibits a lower resistance to denaturation and greater propensity to form folded intermediates. Apo E4 is a risk factor for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.

A 34-kDa glycosylated protein. A major and most common isoform of apolipoprotein E. Therefore, it is also known as apolipoprotein E (ApoE). In human, Apo E3 is a 299-amino acid protein with a cysteine at the 112 and an arginine at the 158 position. It is involved with the transport of TRIGLYCERIDES; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; CHOLESTEROL; and CHOLESTERYL ESTERS in and out of the cells.

The second most abundant protein component of HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS or HDL. It has a high lipid affinity and is known to displace APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I from HDL particles and generates a stable HDL complex. ApoA-II can modulate the activation of LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE in the presence of APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I, thus affecting HDL metabolism.

Protein components on the surface of LIPOPROTEINS. They form a layer surrounding the hydrophobic lipid core. There are several classes of apolipoproteins with each playing a different role in lipid transport and LIPID METABOLISM. These proteins are synthesized mainly in the LIVER and the INTESTINES.

A 9-kDa protein component of VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. It contains a cofactor for LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE and activates several triacylglycerol lipases. The association of Apo C-II with plasma CHYLOMICRONS; VLDL, and HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS is reversible and changes rapidly as a function of triglyceride metabolism. Clinically, Apo C-II deficiency is similar to lipoprotein lipase deficiency (HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE I) and is therefore called hyperlipoproteinemia type IB.

Structural proteins of the alpha-lipoproteins (HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS), including APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I and APOLIPOPROTEIN A-II. They can modulate the activity of LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE. These apolipoproteins are low in atherosclerotic patients. They are either absent or present in extremely low plasma concentration in TANGIER DISEASE.

A 241-kDa protein synthesized only in the INTESTINES. It serves as a structural protein of CHYLOMICRONS. Its exclusive association with chylomicron particles provides an indicator of intestinally derived lipoproteins in circulation. Apo B-48 is a shortened form of apo B-100 and lacks the LDL-receptor region.

One of three major isoforms of apolipoprotein E. In humans, Apo E2 differs from APOLIPOPROTEIN E3 at one residue 158 where arginine is replaced by cysteine (R158--C). In contrast to Apo E3, Apo E2 displays extremely low binding affinity for LDL receptors (RECEPTORS, LDL) which mediate the internalization and catabolism of lipoprotein particles in liver cells. ApoE2 allelic homozygosity is associated with HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE III.

A class of lipoproteins of small size (4-13 nm) and dense (greater than 1.063 g/ml) particles. HDL lipoproteins, synthesized in the liver without a lipid core, accumulate cholesterol esters from peripheral tissues and transport them to the liver for re-utilization or elimination from the body (the reverse cholesterol transport). Their major protein component is APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I. HDL also shuttle APOLIPOPROTEINS C and APOLIPOPROTEINS E to and from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins during their catabolism. HDL plasma level has been inversely correlated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

A large and highly glycosylated protein constituent of LIPOPROTEIN (A). It has very little affinity for lipids but forms disulfide-linkage to APOLIPOPROTEIN B-100. Apoprotein(a) has SERINE PROTEINASE activity and can be of varying sizes from 400- to 800-kDa. It is homologous to PLASMINOGEN and is known to modulate THROMBOSIS and FIBRINOLYSIS.

The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.

Lipid-protein complexes involved in the transportation and metabolism of lipids in the body. They are spherical particles consisting of a hydrophobic core of TRIGLYCERIDES and CHOLESTEROL ESTERS surrounded by a layer of hydrophilic free CHOLESTEROL; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; and APOLIPOPROTEINS. Lipoproteins are classified by their varying buoyant density and sizes.

A lipoprotein that resembles the LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS but with an extra protein moiety, APOPROTEIN (A) also known as APOLIPOPROTEIN (A), linked to APOLIPOPROTEIN B-100 on the LDL by one or two disulfide bonds. High plasma level of lipoprotein (a) is associated with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

A glycoprotein component of HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS that transports small hydrophobic ligands including CHOLESTEROL and STEROLS. It occurs in the macromolecular complex with LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE. Apo D is expressed in and secreted from a variety of tissues such as liver, placenta, brain tissue and others.

A class of lipoproteins of small size (18-25 nm) and light (1.019-1.063 g/ml) particles with a core composed mainly of CHOLESTEROL ESTERS and smaller amounts of TRIGLYCERIDES. The surface monolayer consists mostly of PHOSPHOLIPIDS, a single copy of APOLIPOPROTEIN B-100, and free cholesterol molecules. The main LDL function is to transport cholesterol and cholesterol esters to extrahepatic tissues.

A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Receptors on the plasma membrane of nonhepatic cells that specifically bind LDL. The receptors are localized in specialized regions called coated pits. Hypercholesteremia is caused by an allelic genetic defect of three types: 1, receptors do not bind to LDL; 2, there is reduced binding of LDL; and 3, there is normal binding but no internalization of LDL. In consequence, entry of cholesterol esters into the cell is impaired and the intracellular feedback by cholesterol on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase is lacking.

A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.

Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDL), including CHOLESTEROL ESTERS and free cholesterol.

Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

An enzyme secreted from the liver into the plasma of many mammalian species. It catalyzes the esterification of the hydroxyl group of lipoprotein cholesterol by the transfer of a fatty acid from the C-2 position of lecithin. In familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency disease, the absence of the enzyme results in an excess of unesterified cholesterol in plasma. EC 2.3.1.43.

Mass spectral study of polymorphism of the apolipoproteins of very low density lipoprotein. (1/189)

New isoforms of apolipoprotein (apo)C-I and apoC-III have been detected in delipidated fractions from very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) using matrix-assisted laser desorption (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS). The cleavage sites of truncated apoC-III isoforms have also been identified. The VLDL fractions were isolated by fixed-angle single-spin ultracentrifugation using a self-generating sucrose density gradient and delipidated using a newly developed C18 solid phase extraction protocol. Fifteen apoC isoforms and apoE were identified in the MALDI spectra and the existence of the more abundant species was verified by ESI-MS. The relative intensities of the apoCs are closely correlated in three normolipidemic subjects. A fourth subject with type V hyperlipidemia exhibited an elevated apoC-III level and a suppressed level of the newly discovered truncated apoC-I isoform. ApoC-II was found to be particularly sensitive to in vitro oxidation. The dynamic range and specificity of the MALDI assay shows that the complete apoC isoform profile and apoE phenotype can be obtained in a single measurement from the delipidated VLDL fraction. (+info)

A thymidine to cytosine substitution for codon 26 of exon 3 of apolipoprotein C-II gene in a patient with apolipoprotein C-II deficiency. (2/189)

A 52-year-old Japanese woman was evaluated for severe hypertriglyceridemia and recurrent acute pancreatitis. This hypertriglyceridemia was found to be due to the absence of serum apolipoprotein C-II (apo C-II) which was identified by Western blotting using polyclonal anti-apo C-II antiserum. DNA sequence analysis of the apo C-II gene from the patient revealed a homozygous nucleotide change: a thymidine (T) to cytosine (C) substitution in codon 26 (TGG->CGG) at the third exon of the apo C-II gene, that resulted in a Trp26 to Arg substitution. The mutation was also confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis with the restriction enzyme Hpa II. The same mutation has been found in a case previously reported in Japan, and was named apo C-II Wakayama. However, the case in Wakayama prefecture showed two concomitant point mutations at the 5'-flanking region upstream from the first exon, which were not identified in our case by RFLP analysis with the restriction enzyme BstXI. Considering that the prefectures of these two cases, Nara and Wakayama, are next to each other, the mutation in our case may be a genetic forebear of apo C-II Wakayama. However, no familial relationship between the two cases has been documented. (+info)

Protective effect of apolipoprotein A I, A II, C I and C II on endothelial cells injury induced by low density lipoprotein. (3/189)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of apo-lipoprotein (apo) A I, A II, C I and C II, the main proteins in high density lipoprotein (HDL), on the morphology and function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells injured with low density lipoprotein (LDL) in vitro. METHODS: Cultured human endothelial cells derived from umbilical veins were exposed to LDL, HDL, and apoA I, A II, C I and C II. The morphology of endothelial cells was examined with phase contrast and transmission electron microscope. The released amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (PGF1 alpha) was also measured. RESULTS: Endothelial cells after being injured by LDL showed cell contraction, increased release of LDH and decreased secrection of prostacyclin (PGI2). However, the addition of HDL, and apoA I, A II, C I and C II before incubation with LDL inhibited the cellular injury induced by LDL as demonstrated by lowered LDH release, increased level of PGF1 alpha and prevention of morphological changes. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that apoA I, A II, C I and C II, as well as HDL, may play an important role in combating atherogenesis by protecting endothelial cells from damages induced by LDL. (+info)

Fibrinolytic factors, serum lipid and C-reactive protein predicting cardiac events in Japanese patients with coronary atherosclerotic lesions. (4/189)

Although disturbances of the fibrinolytic system and serum lipid, and the presence of inflammation, may be risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), few reports have investigated these relationships in Japanese patients. Data on 106 patients (79 men and 27 women, mean age 62.3 years) with atherosclerotic lesions on the coronary angiogram were evaluated prospectively to identify whether the factors were useful in predicting the risk of coronary events during a follow-up of 50+/-4 months. Of the 106 patients who were followed, 11 patients had coronary events (4 acute myocardial infarction and 7 unstable angina pectoris). In univariate Cox analyses, a high level of tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA), apolipoprotein CII, C-reactive protein (CRP), and a low level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was each associated with a significant increase in the risk of future cardiac events. The stepwise model of Cox proportional hazards analysis selected only a high level of t-PA and CRP as predictors of cardiac events. Controlling for any risk factor did not lower the relation between t-PA and the risk of cardiac events, whereas the relative risk of cardiac events in CRP was not significant when controlled for HDL-C. Thus, in prospective data obtained from a cohort of Japanese patients with coronary atherosclerotic lesions, the elevation of t-PA was an independent predictor of subsequent cardiac events. The prognostic role of CRP in cardiac events was related to a low level of HDL-C. (+info)

Structure of a biologically active fragment of human serum apolipoprotein C-II in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and dodecylphosphocholine. (5/189)

We have studied the three-dimensional structure of a biologically active peptide of apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II) in the presence of lipid mimetics by CD and NMR spectroscopy. This peptide, corresponding to residues 44-79 of apoC-II, has been shown to reverse the symptoms of genetic apoC-II deficiency in a human subject. A comparison of alpha-proton secondary shifts and CD spectroscopic data indicates that the structure of apoC-II(44-79) is similar in the presence of dodecylphosphocholine and sodium dodecyl sulfate. The three-dimensional structure of apoC-II(44-79) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, determined by relaxation matrix calculations, contains two amphipathic helical domains formed by residues 50-58 and 67-75, separated by a non-helical linker centered at Tyr63. The C-terminal helix is terminated by a loop formed by residues 76-79. The C-terminal helix is better defined and has a larger hydrophobic face than the N-terminal helix, which leads us to propose that the C-terminal helix together with the non-helical Ile66 constitute the primary lipid binding domain of apoC-II(44-79). Based on our structure we suggest a new mechanism of lipoprotein lipase activation in which both helices of apoC-II(44-79) remain lipid bound, while the seven-residue interhelical linker extends away from the lipid surface in order to project Tyr63 into the apoC-II binding site of lipoprotein lipase. (+info)

In addition to the high-density lipoprotein fraction, apolipoprotein C-III is detected in chylomicrons and the very low-density lipoprotein fraction from serum of normolipidemic cows. (6/189)

Apolipoprotein (apo) C-III is a low-molecular-mass protein that is involved in the regulation of the triglyceride metabolism. Except for the hyperlipidemic calf, cattle apoC-III is mainly detected in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction, and the distribution in chylomicrons (CM) and the very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction has not yet been clarified. The purpose of the present study was to detect apoC-III in concentrated CM and VLDL fractions to examine whether apoC-III is distributed in the two fractions even in normolipidemic cattle. ApoC-III could be detected by immunoblot analysis in both concentrated cow CM and VLDL fractions, but not in the corresponding calf fractions. These results suggest that apoC-III is distributed in the CM and VLDL fractions, at least in cows, although the concentrations in these fractions are considerably lower than in the HDL fraction. (+info)

Expression of the apolipoprotein C-II gene during myelomonocytic differentiation of human leukemic cells. (7/189)

Apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II), which is known to activate lipoprotein lipase (LPL), was identified by ordered differential display (ODD)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a cDNA fragment exhibiting a distinct increase in expression during 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced differentiation of promonocytic U937 cells into monocytes and macrophages. The amount of apoC-II mRNA expression detectable in U937 cells significantly increased and reached a maximum 24-48 h after treatment with 32 nM TPA. apoC-II mRNA was also detected in monocytic THP-1 cells but was not detected in promyelocytic HL-60 cells. In healthy human tissues, the most significant expression of apoC-II mRNA was in the liver. Although apoC-II mRNA expression was markedly up-regulated during the induced differentiation of HL-60 cells into monocytes and macrophages with 32 nM TPA, such expression was not induced during the differentiation of HL-60 cells into granulocytes with 1.25% dimethyl sulfoxide. These results suggest that human apoC-II expression is induced at the transcription level during myelomonocytic differentiation and may confer an important role to macrophages involved in normal lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis. (+info)

Sub-micellar phospholipid accelerates amyloid formation by apolipoprotein C-II. (8/189)

Lipid-free human apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II) forms amyloid fibrils with characteristic beta-structure. This conformation is distinct from the alpha-helical fold of lipid-bound apoC-II. We have investigated the effect of the short-chain phospholipid, dihexanoylphosphatidylcholine (DHPC) on amyloid formation by apoC-II. The alpha-helical content of apoC-II increases in the presence of micellar DHPC (16 mM) and amyloid formation is inhibited. However, at sub-micellar DHPC concentrations (below 8 mM) amyloid formation is accelerated 6 fold. These results suggest that individual phospholipid molecules in vivo may exert significant effects on amyloid folding pathways. (+info)

The disease begins with endothelial dysfunction, which allows lipid accumulation in the artery wall. Macrophages take up oxidized lipids and become foam cells, which die and release their contents, including inflammatory cytokines, leading to further inflammation and recruitment of more immune cells.

The atherosclerotic plaque can rupture or ulcerate, leading to the formation of a thrombus that can occlude the blood vessel, causing ischemia or infarction of downstream tissues. This can lead to various cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke, and peripheral artery disease.

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease that is influenced by genetic and environmental factors such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol levels, and obesity. It is diagnosed by imaging techniques such as angiography, ultrasound, or computed tomography (CT) scans.

Treatment options for atherosclerosis include lifestyle modifications such as smoking cessation, dietary changes, and exercise, as well as medications such as statins, beta blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. In severe cases, surgical interventions such as bypass surgery or angioplasty may be necessary.

In conclusion, atherosclerosis is a complex and multifactorial disease that affects the arteries and can lead to various cardiovascular diseases. Early detection and treatment can help prevent or slow down its progression, reducing the risk of complications and improving patient outcomes.

Arteriosclerosis can affect any artery in the body, but it is most commonly seen in the arteries of the heart, brain, and legs. It is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide and is often associated with aging and other factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking.

There are several types of arteriosclerosis, including:

1. Atherosclerosis: This is the most common type of arteriosclerosis and occurs when plaque builds up inside the arteries.
2. Arteriolosclerosis: This type affects the small arteries in the body and can cause decreased blood flow to organs such as the kidneys and brain.
3. Medial sclerosis: This type affects the middle layer of the artery wall and can cause stiffness and narrowing of the arteries.
4. Intimal sclerosis: This type occurs when plaque builds up inside the innermost layer of the artery wall, causing it to become thick and less flexible.

Symptoms of arteriosclerosis can include chest pain, shortness of breath, leg pain or cramping during exercise, and numbness or weakness in the limbs. Treatment for arteriosclerosis may include lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet and regular exercise, as well as medications to lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to open up or bypass blocked arteries.

... (Apo-CII, or Apoc-II), or apolipoprotein C2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC2 gene. The ... 1989). "A deletion mutation in the ApoC-II gene (ApoC-II Nijmegen) of a patient with a deficiency of apolipoprotein C-II". J. ... 1988). "Donor splice site mutation in the apolipoprotein (Apo) C-II gene (Apo C-IIHamburg) of a patient with Apo C-II ... 1989). "A nonsense mutation in the apolipoprotein C-IIPadova gene in a patient with apolipoprotein C-II deficiency". J. Clin. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein_C-II

... is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOA2 gene. APOA2 encodes apolipoprotein A-II, (ApoA-II) ... Brewer HB, Lux SE, Ronan R, John KM (May 1972). "Amino acid sequence of human apoLp-Gln-II (apoA-II), an apolipoprotein ... Lackner KJ, Law SW, Brewer HB (Sep 1984). "Human apolipoprotein A-II: complete nucleic acid sequence of preproapo A-II". FEBS ... Defects in this gene may result in apolipoprotein A-II deficiency or hypercholesterolemia. ApoA-II has been shown to interact ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein_A-II

... even if they have two ApoE4 alleles, thus reducing the risk from nine or ten times the odds of getting AD down to just two ... The gene, APOE, is mapped to chromosome 19 in a cluster with apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) and the apolipoprotein C2 (APOC2). The ... "Genetic studies of human apolipoproteins. X. The effect of the apolipoprotein E polymorphism on quantitative levels of ... Yet those with two ε4 alleles have up to 20 times the risk of developing AD. There is also evidence that the APOE2 allele may ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein_E

... (ApoB) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOB gene. Apolipoprotein B is the primary apolipoprotein ... Su Q, Tsai J, Xu E, Qiu W, Bereczki E, Santha M, Adeli K (2009). "Apolipoprotein B100 acts as a molecular link between lipid- ... MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Apolipoprotein B100 Cromwell WC, Otvos JD, Keyes MJ, Pencina MJ, Sullivan L, Vasan RS, Wilson PW, ... Overproduction of apolipoprotein B can result in lipid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and insulin resistance in the liver ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein_B

"Plasma apolipoprotein concentrations in familial apolipoprotein A-I and A-II deficiency (Tangier disease)". Metabolism: ... Identification of apolipoprotein D, apolipoprotein A-IV, apolipoprotein E, and apolipoprotein A-I". The Journal of Biological ... Apolipoprotein D (ApoD) is a component of HDL that has no marked similarity to other apolipoprotein sequences. It has a high ... "Entrez Gene: APOD apolipoprotein D". Muffat J, Walker DW (January 2010). "Apolipoprotein D: an overview of its role in aging ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein_D

These two activities can be differentiated by the binding to Apo-H domains, whereas binding to the 5th domain promotes that ... 2000). "HLA class II alleles associations of anticardiolipin and anti-beta2GPI antibodies in a large series of European ... In autoimmune disease, anti-apolipoprotein H (AAHA) antibodies, also called anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies, comprise a ... 70 (2): 342-5. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1649577. PMID 8236146. Schousboe I, Rasmussen MS (1995). "Synchronized inhibition of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-apolipoprotein_antibodies

Zannis VI, Cole FS, Jackson CL, Kurnit DM, Karathanasis SK (Jul 1985). "Distribution of apolipoprotein A-I, C-II, C-III, and E ... Apolipoprotein C-III also known as apo-CIII, and apolipoprotein C3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC3 gene. ... Karathanasis SK (Oct 1985). "Apolipoprotein multigene family: tandem organization of human apolipoprotein AI, CIII, and AIV ... "Two initiator-like elements are required for the combined activation of the human apolipoprotein C-III promoter by upstream ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein_C-III

... C (ApoC-I, apo ApoC-II, apo ApoC-III, and ApoC-IV) Apolipoprotein D Apolipoprotein E Apolipoprotein F ... Apolipoprotein H - a misnomer Apolipoprotein L Apolipoprotein M Apolipoprotein(a) Exchangeable apolipoproteins (apoA, apoC, and ... apolipoprotein C-II for lipoprotein lipase and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA1) for lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase).[citation ... "Human apolipoprotein A-IV binds to apolipoprotein A-I/A-II receptor sites and promotes cholesterol efflux from adipose cells". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein

... is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOL1 gene. Two transcript variants encoding two different ... G2 is an in-frame deletion of the two amino acid residues, N388 and Y389.[citation needed] Apolipoprotein L1 (apoL1) is a minor ... Recently, two coding sequence variants in APOL1 have been shown to associate with kidney disease in a recessive fashion while ... APOL1 is a member of a family of apolipoproteins which also includes six other proteins and it is a member of bcl2 genes which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein_L1

Retinyl esters (present in meats) and beta-carotene (present in plants) are the two main sources of retinoids in the diet. ... apolipoprotein D; beta-lactoglobulin; complement component C8 gamma chain; crustacyanin; epididymal-retinoic acid binding ... In the event that two species names have identical designations, they are discriminated from one another by adding one or more ... share only one or two of these. Proteins known to belong to this family include alpha-1-microglobulin (protein HC); major ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipocalin

Kim DH, Iijima H, Goto K, Sakai J, Ishii H, Kim HJ, Suzuki H, Kondo H, Saeki S, Yamamoto T (Jun 1996). "Human apolipoprotein E ... Upon reelin binding, Dab1 is phosphorylated by two tyrosine kinases, Fyn and Src. The phosphorylated Dab1 then causes further ... Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays an important role in phospholipid and cholesterol homeostasis. After binding ApoER2, ApoE is ... Riddell DR, Sun XM, Stannard AK, Soutar AK, Owen JS (2001). "Localization of apolipoprotein E receptor 2 to caveolae in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-density_lipoprotein_receptor-related_protein_8

1996). Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer's Disease. Research and Perspectives in Alzheimer's Disease. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer ... "Maestre CV" (PDF). Maestre, Gladys Elena (1996). Apolipoproteins and Alzheimer's disease (Thesis). OCLC 36257436. Staff, M. D. ... "The apolipoprotein ?4 allele in patients with Alzheimer's disease". Annals of Neurology. 34 (5): 752-754. doi:10.1002/ana. ... "Apolipoprotein E and alzheimer's disease: Ethnic variation in genotypic risks". Annals of Neurology. 37 (2): 254-259. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladys_Maestre

Apolipoprotein L2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOL2 gene. This gene is a member of the apolipoprotein L gene ... Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. >sp,Q9BQE5,1-337 ... "Entrez Gene: APOL2 apolipoprotein L, 2". "The Human Protein atlas Gene: APOL2 apolipoprotein L, 2". Liao W, Goh FY, Betts RJ, ... "The Human Protein atlas Gene: APOL2 apolipoprotein L, 2". Rao SK, Pavicevic Z, Du Z, Kim JG, Fan M, Jiao Y, Rosebush M, Samant ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APOL2

Apolipoprotein L6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOL6 gene. This gene is a member of the apolipoprotein L gene ... Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome ... "Entrez Gene: APOL6 apolipoprotein L, 6". Human APOL6 genome location and APOL6 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. ... Liu Z, Lu H, Jiang Z, Pastuszyn A, Hu CA (Jan 2005). "Apolipoprotein l6, a novel proapoptotic Bcl-2 homology 3-only protein, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APOL6

Apolipoprotein M is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOM gene. The protein encoded by this gene is an apolipoprotein ... Two transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene, but only one of them has been fully ... "Entrez Gene: APOM apolipoprotein M". Albertella MR, Jones H, Thomson W, et al. (1997). "Localization of eight additional genes ... Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: O95445 (Human Apolipoprotein M) at the PDBe-KB. v ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APOM

However, the two models do not have the same meaning and can be falsified based on data (that is, if observational data show an ... Katan MB (March 1986). "Apolipoprotein E isoforms, serum cholesterol, and cancer". Lancet. 1 (8479): 507-8. doi:10.1016/s0140- ... Where two models match on all relevant variables and data from one model is known to be unbiased, data from one population can ... The two effects have a common cause. There exists a (non-causal) spurious correlation between A {\displaystyle A} and C {\ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causal_model

Zannis VI, Kan HY, Kritis A, Zanni E, Kardassis D (Mar 2001). "Transcriptional regulation of the human apolipoprotein genes". ... two mechanisms for repression". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 20 (1): 187-95. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.1.187-195.2000. PMC 85074. ... Ginsburg GS, Ozer J, Karathanasis SK (Jul 1995). "Intestinal apolipoprotein AI gene transcription is regulated by multiple ... "Cloning and sequencing of cDNAs encoding the human hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 indicate the presence of two isoforms in human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocyte_nuclear_factor_4_alpha

... and apolipoprotein E receptor-2 (ApoER2; 602600), are also required. Both receptors bound Dab1 on their cytoplasmic tails and ... "Functional dissection of Reelin signaling by site-directed disruption of Disabled-1 adaptor binding to apolipoprotein E ... 19 (2): 239-49. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80936-8. PMID 9292716. S2CID 1273677. Long H, Bock HH, Lei T, Chai X, Yuan J, Herz J ... 47 (2): 165-74. doi:10.1002/gcc.20519. PMID 18008369. S2CID 24674687. Deguchi K, Inoue K, Avila WE, et al. (2003). "Reelin and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DAB1

Zannis VI, Kan HY, Kritis A, Zanni E, Kardassis D (March 2001). "Transcriptional regulation of the human apolipoprotein genes ... The name is a combination of the two. During Drosophila research, it was found that a mutation in the gene MAD in the mother ... MAD homolog 2 belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the gene products of the Drosophila gene 'mothers against ... 11 (1-2): 5-13. doi:10.1016/S1359-6101(99)00024-6. PMID 10708948. Miyazono K (2000). "TGF-beta signaling by Smad proteins". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mothers_against_decapentaplegic_homolog_2

Thus one extra sialyl residue on apolipoprotein C3 impairs its action on lipoprotein lipase. This can affect expression of the ... Galton, DJ (August 2017). "Clarifying complex inheritance: apolipoprotein C3 and atherosclerosis". Current Opinion in ... "An abnormal triglyceride-rich lipoprotein containing excess sialylated apolipoprotein". Journal of Clinical Investigation. 69 ( ... "Hypertriglyceridaemia associated with an abnormal triglyceride-rich lipoprotein carrying excess apolipoprotein". Lancet. 2 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_J._Galton

Ferrous ion is a common nomenclature used in the HMOX field for Iron(II) which appears in PubChem. The iron liberated from HMOX ... peptides such as adrenomedullin and apolipoprotein; and iii) hemin. NRF2 inducers with downstream HO-1 induction include: ... Endogenous inducers include i) lipids such as lipoxin and epoxyeicosatrienoic acid; and ii) ... HO-2 is encoded by the HMOX2 gene. HO-2 is 36 kDa and shares 47% similarity with the HO-1 amino acid sequence; notably HO-2 has ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heme_oxygenase

"Two copies of the human apolipoprotein C-I gene are linked closely to the apolipoprotein E gene". The Journal of Biological ... Servillo L, Brewer HB, Osborne JC (February 1981). "Evaluation of the mixed interaction between apolipoproteins A-II and C-I ... Curry MD, McConathy WJ, Fesmire JD, Alaupovic P (April 1981). "Quantitative determination of apolipoproteins C-I and C-II in ... Rozek A, Buchko GW, Cushley RJ (June 1995). "Conformation of two peptides corresponding to human apolipoprotein C-I residues 7- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein_C-I

Seol W, Choi HS, Moore DD (Jan 1995). "Isolation of proteins that interact specifically with the retinoid X receptor: two novel ... "Farnesoid X receptor agonists suppress hepatic apolipoprotein CIII expression". Gastroenterology. 125 (2): 544-55. doi:10.1016/ ... Seol W, Choi HS, Moore DD (Jan 1995). "Isolation of proteins that interact specifically with the retinoid X receptor: two novel ... 290 (1-2): 35-43. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(02)00557-7. PMID 12062799. Pineda Torra I, Claudel T, Duval C, Kosykh V, Fruchart JC, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farnesoid_X_receptor

Dance GS, Sowden MP, Cartegni L, Cooper E, Krainer AR, Smith HC (2002). "Two proteins essential for apolipoprotein B mRNA ... Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 1 also known as C->U-editing enzyme APOBEC-1 is a protein that in ... Like all APOBEC proteins, A1 coordinates a zinc atom with two cysteine and one histidine residues that serve as a Lewis acid. ... Lau PP, Chang BH, Chan L (April 2001). "Two-hybrid cloning identifies an RNA-binding protein, GRY-RBP, as a component of apobec ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APOBEC1

Two transcription initiation sites and two polyadenylation sites are identified in the gene structure. The reelin protein ... All members of this family are receptors for Apolipoprotein E (ApoE). Therefore, they are often synonymously referred to as ' ... Moreover, the two main receptors of reelin are able to form clusters that most probably play a major role in the signaling, ... The two main reelin receptors seem to have slightly different roles: VLDLR conducts the stop signal, while ApoER2 is essential ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reelin

2002). "Regulated expression of the apolipoprotein E/C-I/C-IV/C-II gene cluster in murine and human macrophages. A critical ... Apolipoprotein C-IV, also known as apolipoprotein C4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC4 gene. APOC4 is a ... in the apolipoprotein E, C-I, and C-II gene locus". Genomics. 28 (2): 291-300. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1144. PMID 8530039. Human ... "Entrez Gene: apolipoprotein C-IV". Allan CM, Walker D, Segrest JP, Taylor JM (July 1995). "Identification and characterization ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein_C-IV

Kim SY, Park SM, Lee ST (January 2006). "Apolipoprotein C-II is a novel substrate for matrix metalloproteinases". Biochem. ... Two molecules of ApoC-II can attach to each LPL dimer.> It is estimated that up to forty LPL dimers may act simultaneously on a ... In the Golgi apparatus, the oligosaccharides are further altered to result in either two complex chains, or two complex and one ... "Activation of lipoprotein lipase by native and synthetic fragments of human plasma apolipoprotein C-II". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoprotein_lipase

Dance GS, Sowden MP, Cartegni L, Cooper E, Krainer AR, Smith HC (April 2002). "Two proteins essential for apolipoprotein B mRNA ... Mammalian apolipoprotein B mRNA undergoes site-specific C to U deamination, which is mediated by a multi-component enzyme ... Lau PP, Chang BH, Chan L (April 2001). "Two-hybrid cloning identifies an RNA-binding protein, GRY-RBP, as a component of apobec ... Lau PP, Chang BH, Chan L (2001). "Two-hybrid cloning identifies an RNA-binding protein, GRY-RBP, as a component of apobec-1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A1CF

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): Apolipoprotein C-II Deficency - 207750 Yamamura T, Sudo H, Ishikawa K, Yamamoto A ( ... "Familial type I hyperlipoproteinemia caused by apolipoprotein C-II deficiency". Atherosclerosis. 34 (1): 53-65. doi:10.1016/ ... Hyperlipoproteinemia type II is further classified into types IIa and IIb, depending mainly on whether elevation in the ... The lipoprotein density and type of apolipoproteins it contains determines the fate of the particle and its influence on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperlipidemia

Apolipoprotein B48 on chylomicra and Apolipoprotein B100 on LDL, IDL, and VLDL are important for MTP binding. Click on genes, ... Gordon DA (1997). "Recent advances in elucidating the role of the microsomal triaglyceride transfer protein in apolipoprotein B ... 1999). "A common binding site on the microsomal triaglyceride transfer protein for apolipoprotein B and protein disulfide ... The network of endoplasmic reticulum-resident chaperones (ERp72, GRP94, calreticulin, and BiP) interacts with apolipoprotein b ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsomal_triglyceride_transfer_protein

apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε2 and ε4 are associated with increased risk of getting cerebral amyloid antipathy. The use of ... Thal, Dietmar Rudolph; Ghebremidhin, Estifanos; Rüb, Udo; Haruyasu, Yamaguchi; Del Tredici, Kelly; Braak, Heiko (2002). "Two ... In type 2 CAA pathology, amyloid deposits are present in leptomeningeal and cortical arteries and arterioles, but not in ... 49 (2): 491-497. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.016990. PMC 5892842. PMID 29335334. Verbeek, M. M.; Waal, R. M. de; Vinters, Harry V ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_amyloid_angiopathy

The receptor also recognizes apolipoprotein E (ApoE) which is found in chylomicron remnants and IDL. In humans, the LDL ... Recent evidence has connected MI risk with coding-sequence mutations at two genes functionally related to APOA5, namely ... It is a cell-surface receptor that recognizes apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100), which is embedded in the outer phospholipid layer ... novel insights from recent kinetic studies of apolipoprotein B-100 metabolism". Atherosclerosis. Supplements. 2 (3): 1-4. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LDL_receptor

Probable DLB can be diagnosed when dementia and at least two core features are present, or when one core feature and at least ... Berge G, Sando SB, Rongve A, Aarsland D, White LR (November 2014). "Apolipoprotein E ε2 genotype delays onset of dementia with ... Together with Parkinson's disease dementia, DLB is one of the two Lewy body dementias. It is a common form of dementia, but the ... Two 1997 discoveries highlighted the importance of Lewy body inclusions in neurodegenerative processes: a mutation in the SNCA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia_with_Lewy_bodies

These family members lack the catalytic lysine in subdomain II, and instead have a conserved lysine in subdomain I. This family ... 2009). "Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip". Am. J. Hum. ... 74 (2): 134-44. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01028.x. PMID 18498374. S2CID 22008997. Wilson FH, Disse-Nicodème S, Choate KA, et ... 318 (2): 263-72. PMID 7757816. Kahle KT, Ring AM, Lifton RP (2008). "Molecular physiology of the WNK kinases". Annu. Rev. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WNK3

... angiotensin II - angiotensin receptor - ankyrin - annexin II - antibiotic - antibody - apoenzyme - apolipoprotein - apoptosis ... interferon type II - interferon-alpha - interferon-beta - interleukin receptor - interleukin-1 receptor - interleukin-2 ... Articles related to biochemistry include: Contents: Top 0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 2-amino-5- ... photosystem II - phototransduction - phylogenetics - phylogeny - physical chemistry - physiology - phytohaemagglutinin - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_biochemistry_articles

... of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total to HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins ... 2 (6 ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 465. doi:10.1002/047167849X. ISBN 978-0-471-38552-3. "Rice bran oil". RITO Partnership. ... Proper harvesting of the coconut (the age of a coconut can be 2 to 20 months when picked) makes a significant difference in the ... 16 (2): 87-94. doi:10.1080/09546630510035832. PMID 16019622. S2CID 18445488. "Smoke points of oils" (PDF). "Olive oil, salad or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coconut_oil

Yao XM, Wang CH, Song BL, Yang XY, Wang ZZ, Qi W, Lin ZX, Chang CC, Chang TY, Li BL (Dec 2005). "Two human ACAT2 mRNA variants ... polymorphisms on plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels in normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic subjects". Biochimica et ... Matsumoto K, Fujiwara Y, Nagai R, Yoshida M, Ueda S (Feb 2008). "Expression of two isozymes of acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol ... Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACAT2

Monocytes can be induced to differentiate into dendritic cells by a self-peptide Ep1.B derived from apolipoprotein E. These are ... This precursor, termed pre-DC, lacks MHC class II surface expression, and is distinct from monocytes, which primarily give rise ... are probably of mesenchymal rather than hematopoietic origin and do not express MHC class II, but are so named because they are ... "Dendritic cell differentiation induced by a self-peptide derived from apolipoprotein E." (PDF). J Immunol. 181 (10): 6859-71. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendritic_cell

Luciani MF, Denizot F, Savary S, Mattei MG, Chimini G (May 1994). "Cloning of two novel ABC transporters mapping on human ... ABCA1 mediates the efflux of cholesterol and phospholipids to lipid-poor apolipoproteins (apoA1 and apoE) (reverse cholesterol ... Oram JF, Vaughan AM (June 2000). "ABCA1-mediated transport of cellular cholesterol and phospholipids to HDL apolipoproteins". ... October 1999). "The Tangier disease gene product ABC1 controls the cellular apolipoprotein-mediated lipid removal pathway". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABCA1

... heterodimer MHC class II, DR (6p21.3) Mold / Biotoxin Susceptibility HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1 forms HLA-DP, MHC class II, DP ( ... encoding protein Apolipoprotein M (6p21.33) ATXN1: encoding protein Ataxin 1 (6p16.3-p16.76) TSBP1: encoding protein TSBP1 ( ... People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 6 spans more than 170 million base pairs (the building material ... 6p21.3) HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 form HLA-DQ heterodimer MHC class II, DQ: Celiac1, IDDM (6p21.3) HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB3, HLA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_6

Lee SK, Jung SY, Kim YS, Na SY, Lee YC, Lee JW (February 2001). "Two distinct nuclear receptor-interaction domains and CREB- ... and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA-1). Polymorphism may affect ERβ function and lead to altered responses in postmenopausal women ... January 2020). "Optimized immunohistochemical detection of estrogen receptor beta using two validated monoclonal antibodies ... is one of two main types of estrogen receptor-a nuclear receptor which is activated by the sex hormone estrogen. In humans ERβ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen_receptor_beta

The two ways of inhibition are distinct from each other, but they can replace each other in vivo. It was first identified by ... APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic subunit 3G) is a human enzyme encoded by the APOBEC3G gene that ... Only the latter two mechanisms have been extensively supported. The amount that is incorporated into virions is dependent on ... However, unlike the typical cytidine deaminases, APOBEC3G contains a unique alpha helix between two beta sheets in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APOBEC3G

"Shape Up Somerville two-year results: A community-based environmental change intervention sustains weight reduction in children ... and Apolipoproteins". Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 68 (1): 17-21. doi:10.1210/jcem-68-1-17. PMID 2491859. ... November 2, 2015. Retrieved 2020-12-21. "The Social Network Diet: Why You Really Are The Company You Keep". HuffPost. February ... 18 (2): 201-18. doi:10.1123/japa.18.2.201. PMC 4308058. PMID 20440031.[non-primary source needed] Gustin, Georgina (April 18, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miriam_E._Nelson

These tests must be carried out on a minimum of two occasions at least 6 weeks apart and be positive on each occasion, ... apolipoprotein H) complex. The use of testing for antibodies specific for individual targets of aPL such as β2 glycoprotein 1 ... This is tested for by using a minimum of two coagulation tests that are phospholipid-sensitive, due to the heterogeneous nature ... The diagnostic criteria require one clinical event (i.e. thrombosis or pregnancy complication) and two positive blood test ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiphospholipid_syndrome

"Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 85 (5 ... Ban HJ, Heo JY, Oh KS, Park KJ (2010). "Identification of type 2 diabetes-associated combination of SNPs using support vector ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATG9B

What is known is that ten years later, Monroe went on to publish the results of a meta-analysis of two controlled clinical ... and apolipoproteins A and B. It was first reported to exacerbate hepatic porphyria in 1975. In 1981, it was shown that ... In the three adults who are reported to have succumbed, the doses were 20-30 g. However, two adult survivors ingested 30 g 25 g ... Primidone is a congener of phenobarbital where the carbonyl oxygen of the urea moiety is replaced by two hydrogen atoms. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primidone

Low density lipoproteins are made up of cholesterol, TG, phospholipids, and apolipoproteins. LDL-C molecules bind to the ... Physicians and basic researchers classify dyslipidemias in two distinct ways. One way is its presentation in the body ( ... 80 (2): 179-181. doi:10.1111/bcp.12612. PMC 4541964. PMID 25702706. \ (CS1 maint: url-status, Articles with short description, ... doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67667-2. PMID 16310551. S2CID 40744740. Sabatine, Marc S. (March 2019). "PCSK9 inhibitors: clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyslipidemia

Strobl W, Gorder N, Lin-Lee YC, Gotto AM Jr, Patsch W. Role of thyroid hormones in apolipoprotein A-I gene expression in rat ... apolipoproteins A-I and B, and HDL density subfractions: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Circulation 2001 ... Thyroid hormone influences the maturation of apolipoprotein A-I messenger RNA in rat liver. J Biol Chem. 1995;270:3996-4004. ... Other genetic factors with relevance for obesity, type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome also were studied in collaboration ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Patsch

Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome ... 2001). "A novel low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein mediating cellular uptake of apolipoprotein E-enriched beta- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LRP10

2007). "Distinct roles of haptoglobin-related protein and apolipoprotein L-I in trypanolysis by human serum". Proc. Natl. Acad ... 119 (2): 291-4. doi:10.1016/S0166-6851(01)00420-0. PMID 11814582. Vanhollebeke B, Nielsen MJ, Watanabe Y, et al. ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HPR_(gene)

... and apolipoprotein B (apo B), and to increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) in adults with primary ... whereas their effect on HDL metabolism is associated with changes in HDL apolipoprotein expression." Fenofibrate is a fibrate ... 2 (4): 370-380. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2016.4828. PMC 5470410. PMID 28030716. Kim NH, Han KH, Choi J, Lee J, Kim SG (September ... 129 (25 Suppl 2): S1-45. doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000437738.63853.7a. PMID 24222016. "AbbVie Inc. et al; Withdrawal of Approval of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenofibrate

Metabolic hormones, apolipoproteins, adipokines, and cytokines in the alveolar lining fluid of healthy adults: ... 2007; 33(2):53-70. Brain JD, Curran MA, Donaghey T, Molina R. Responses of the lungs to nanomaterials depend on exposure, ... Repeated mouse lung exposures to Stachybotrys chartarum shift immune response from type 1 to type 2. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Brain_(academic)

This gene has been linked to familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL). Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have ... "Identification of a non-canonical E-box motif as a regulatory element in the proximal promoter region of the apolipoprotein E ... Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D ( ... 365 (Pt 2): 481-8. doi:10.1042/BJ20020223. PMC 1222691. PMID 11945176. Villavicencio EH, Yoon JW, Frank DJ, Füchtbauer EM, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USF1

"Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 85 (5 ... 37 (2): 1663-9. doi:10.1007/s13277-015-3919-8. PMID 26307393. S2CID 54485581. v t e This article incorporates text from the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrin_subunit_beta_like_1

Kynamro targets the mRNA product of the APOB gene, which codes for the Apolipoprotein B-100 protein, a component of low-density ... LNAs, 2'-OMe, or 2'-F modified bases are chemical analogs of natural RNA nucleic acids. These modifications allow for an ... The mimics are typically composed of locked nucleic acids (LNA), 2'-OMe, or 2'-F modified bases. LNA sequences are RNA ... 34 (2): 310-320. doi:10.1007/s11095-016-2063-5. ISSN 1573-904X. PMID 27896589. S2CID 7147120. Mipomersen [package insert]. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gapmer

The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the " ... Familial defective apolipoprotein B-100 Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (broad beta disease, remnant removal disease) Familial ... The dermis contains two vascular networks that run parallel to the skin surface-one superficial and one deep plexus-which are ... In normal skin, the rate of production equals the rate of loss; about two weeks are needed for a cell to migrate from the basal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_skin_conditions

Class I and II HDAC inhibitors such as trichostatin A, vorinostat, and sodium butyrate, and Class III HDACis, such as ... and familial inheritance of apolipoprotein E allele epsilon 4. In addition to these common factors, there are a number of other ... There exists two variations of myasthenia gravis with respect to age and gender demographics: early-onset myasthenia gravis, ... Sodium butyrate Sodium butyrate is a class I and II HDACi and has been shown to recover learning and memory after 4 weeks, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics_of_neurodegenerative_diseases

In a secondary analysis, a subgroup of individuals with the apolipoprotein E4 genotype showed sustained benefits with donepezil ... January 2015). "Donepezil improves gait performance in older adults with mild Alzheimer's disease: a phase II clinical trial". ... 2 (8000): 1403. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(76)91936-x. PMID 63862. S2CID 43250282. Kása P, Rakonczay Z, Gulya K (August 1997). "The ... 124 (2): 195-206. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.07.001. PMC 2785038. PMID 19619582. McCarthy AD, Owens IJ, Bansal AT, McTighe ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donepezil

Apolipoprotein A-II. Timeline for Superfamily h.6.1: Apolipoprotein A-II: *Superfamily h.6.1: Apolipoprotein A-II first ... Superfamily h.6.1: Apolipoprotein A-II appears in SCOPe 2.05. *Superfamily h.6.1: Apolipoprotein A-II appears in SCOPe 2.07. * ... Lineage for Superfamily h.6.1: Apolipoprotein A-II. *Root: SCOPe 2.06 *. Class h: Coiled coil proteins [57942] (7 folds). ... h.6.1.1: Apolipoprotein A-II [82937] (1 protein). More info for Superfamily h.6.1: ...

http://scop.berkeley.edu/sunid=82936&ver=2.06

Among them, apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II) was found to have the highest abundance among the CKD patients with hypertension. As ... As such, we hypothesized that apoC-II and apolipoprotein C-III (ApoC-III) levels were related to BP abnormalities and CVD in ... we hypothesized that apoC-II and apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) levels were related to BP abnormalities and CVD in children ... Children with CKD stages G2-G4 had a higher plasma apoC-II level than G1 patients (6.35 vs. 5.05 mg/dl, p , 0.05). We observed ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.706323/full

APOE / apolipoprotein E Antibody, Rabbit PAb, Antigen Affinity Purified [Sino Biological Inc.] APOE / apolipoprotein E Antibody ... Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 Genotype (ApoE rs429358-ApoE rs7412 Polymorphisms) Is Not Associated with Long COVID Symptoms in ... Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 Genotype (ApoE rs429358-ApoE rs7412 Polymorphisms) Is Not Associated with Long COVID Symptoms in ... Homo sapiens apolipoprotein E (APOE), transcript variant 2, mRNA Homo sapiens apolipoprotein E (APOE), transcript variant 2, ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/1519315198

Apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) mutations carriers typically display high plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low ... Two novel mutations in apolipoprotein C3 underlie atheroprotective lipid profiles in families A E Bochem et al. Clin Genet. ... Two novel mutations in apolipoprotein C3 underlie atheroprotective lipid profiles in families A E Bochem 1 , J C van ... Two novel mutations (c.-13-2A,G and c.55+1G,A) and one known mutation (c.127G,A;p.Ala43Thr) were found. Lipid profiles and ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23701270

... apolipoprotein H) excretion in chronic renal tubular disorders: comparison with other protein markers of tubular malfunction. ... apolipoprotein H) excretion in chronic renal tubular disorders: comparison with other protein markers of tubular malfunction. ... apolipoprotein H) excretion in chronic renal tubular disorders: comparison with other protein markers of tubular malfunction. ...

https://jcp.bmj.com/content/44/10/812.citation-tools

... and apoE as well as the ratios of apolipoproteins with apoA1 with the risk of T2D. All apolipoproteins, ratios, and HDL-C ... Serum levels of apolipoproteins and incident type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study. Publication. Publication. Diabetes ... OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the role of serumlevels of various apolipoproteins on the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). ... Second, Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine whether apolipoproteins predict the risk for T2D among individuals ...

https://repub.eur.nl/pub/108658

Effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplements on serum lipids, apolipoproteins and malondialdehyde in type 2 diabetes patients ... The aim of this study was to determine the effects of purified omega-3 fatty acids on serum lipoproteins, apolipoprotein B-100 ... Apo B-100), apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I), malondialdehyde (MDA) (as index for lipid peroxidation), and glycaemic control in ... apolipoproteins and malondialdehyde in type 2 diabetes patients Section menu. You are here. *Eastern Mediterranean Health ...

http://www.emro.who.int/emhj-volume-14-2008/volume-14-issue-2/article8.html

The Apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2) gene is associated with the synthesis of Apolipoprotein 2, the second most common protein found ...

https://www.xcode.life/tag/apolipoprotein-ii/

... ... ApoA-II) is the observed 8,946 m/z SELDI peak. Immunohistochemistry revealed that ApoA-II is overexpressed in prostate tumors. ... ApoA-II was also overexpressed in the serum of individuals with prostate cancer who have normal prostate-specific antigen (0- ... An 8,946 m/z SELDI-TOF MS peak was found to retain discriminatory value in each of two separate data sets with an increased ...

https://edrn.nci.nih.gov/data-and-resources/publications/15709174-529-serum-levels-of-an-isoform-of-apolipoprotein-a-ii-as-a-potential-marker-for-prostate-cancer/

LBXAPB - Apolipoprotein (B) (mg/dL). Variable Name: LBXAPB. SAS Label: Apolipoprotein (B) (mg/dL). English Text: Apolipoprotein ... LBDAPBSI - Apolipoprotein (B) (g/L). Variable Name: LBDAPBSI. SAS Label: Apolipoprotein (B) (g/L). English Text: Apolipoprotein ... Apolipoprotein B (ApoB_G) Data File: ApoB_G.xpt First Published: January 2014. Last Revised: NA ... Apolipoprotein B is the main protein component of LDL and accounts for approximately 95% of the total protein content of LDL. ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/2011-2012/APOB_G.htm

Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein C-II Protein. Synthesized inE.coli ;Yeast. Protein Tag: His-SUMO. Purity: Greater than 90% as ... Both proapolipoprotein C-II and apolipoprotein C-II can activate lipoprotein lipase. In normolipidic individuals, it is mainly ... Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein C-II Protein. $ 448.00 - $ 2,148.00. Please Select Product Options Below To View The Catalog ... Be the first to review "Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein C-II Protein" Cancel reply. Your email address will not be published. ...

https://enquirebio.com/proteins/QP5665-Apolipoprotein-C-II

... in particular the role of apo E genetic polyrnorphism 2. To establish apo E genotype related reference ranges for plasma apo E ... ii) AD. There is now much evidence implicating apolipoprotein E (apo E) in the pathogenesis of CAD and AD. The apo E gene is ... 2. To establish apo E genotype related reference ranges for plasma apo E concentration 3. To study the distribution of apo E ... 2,rue du doyen jacques parisot 54501 Vandoeuvre-les-nancy France See on map ...

https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/BMH4961543

Apolipoprotein E (Apo-E) is a major cholesterol carrier that supports lipid transport and injury repair in the brain. APOE ... Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer disease: risk, mechanisms and therapy Nat Rev Neurol. 2013 Feb;9(2):106-18. doi: 10.1038/ ... Apolipoprotein E (Apo-E) is a major cholesterol carrier that supports lipid transport and injury repair in the brain. APOE ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23296339/?dopt=Abstract

Apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) is a protein that plays a role in moving cholesterol around your body. It is a form of low ... Apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) is a protein that plays a role in moving cholesterol around your body. It is a form of low ... Apolipoprotein measurements may provide more detail about your risk for heart disease, but the added value of this test beyond ... Regulation and clearance of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. In: Ballantyne CM, ed. Clinical Lipidology: A Companion ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003502.htm

Two genes coding for inflammatory-type proteins (orosomucoide and serum amyloid A2 protein) presented increased expression that ... APOLIPOPROTEIN E-DEFICIENT MICE. The generation of the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse has been one of the most important ... These apolipoprotein A-IV-enriched particles were very effective in inactivating the peroxides present in the low-density ... apoE: apolipoprotein E. HDL: high-density lipoprotein. LDL: low-density lipoprotein. VLDL: very low-density lipoprotein ...

https://www.revespcardiol.org/en-knowledge-biological-actions-extra-virgin-articulo-13135142

Immunodominant MHC-II (Major Histocompatibility Complex II) Restricted Epitopes in Human Apolipoprotein B.. Roy, Payel; Sidney ... Only 1 HLA-II-restricted epitope was validated using the DRB1*0701-APOB3036-3050 tetramer. We hypothesized that human APOB may ... CD (cluster of differentiation) 4+ T-cell responses to APOB (apolipoprotein B) are well characterized in atherosclerotic mice ... Using 3 cohorts, each with ≈20 donors, we discovered and validated 6 immunodominant, HLA-II-restricted APOB epitopes. The ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/perinatal/resource/es/mdl-35766025

Macrophages in the reticuloendothelial system inhibit early induction stages of mouse apolipoprotein A-II amyloidosis.. Hiroki ... properties of macrophages that contribute to amyloid degradation and disease progression using inducible apolipoprotein A-II ... Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for the. Treatment of Patients With Heart. Failure. Importance: Only 1 class of glucose-lowering ... sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors-has. been reported to decrease the risk of cardiovascular. events primarily ...

https://read.qxmd.com/read/36495239/macrophages-in-the-reticuloendothelial-system-inhibit-early-induction-stages-of-mouse-apolipoprotein-a-ii-amyloidosis

Walldius G, Jungner I, Holme I, Aastveit AH, Kolar W, Steiner E. High apolipoprotein B, low apolipoprotein A-I, and improvement ... Plasma concentration levels of apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein (a) in Greenland Inuit (Eskimos). J Intern ... apolipoprotein A1, and apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio on the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome: the ATTICA study. Angiology 2008; ... Table 4. Plasma Apolipoprotein Levels by Sex and Age Among 481a Canadian First Nations Adults, 2003. Sex and Age, y. Mean (SD) ...

https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/jan/09_0216.htm

A Dual Apolipoprotein C-II Mimetic-Apolipoprotein C-III Antagonist Peptide Lowers Plasma Triglycerides. ... entitled "A dual apolipoprotein C-II mimetic-apolipoprotein C-III antagonist peptide lowers plasma triglycerides." published in ... Two rare diseases-fish-eye disease (FED) and familial LCAT deficiency (FLT)-result from a lack of LCAT. In a cooperative ... Marcelo Amar, runs two clinical trials on potential treatments for preventing and reducing cardiovascular diseases risk. First ...

https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/node/80358

A comparison of two methods to investigate the metabolism of human apolipoproteins A-I and A-II. / Shepherd, J.; Packard, C. J. ... A comparison of two methods to investigate the metabolism of human apolipoproteins A-I and A-II. In: Journal of lipid research ... A comparison of two methods to investigate the metabolism of human apolipoproteins A-I and A-II. Journal of lipid research. ... Two methods are compared for measuring the kinetic parameters of apolipoprotein A-I and A-II metabolism in human plasma. In the ...

https://scholars.houstonmethodist.org/en/publications/a-comparison-of-two-methods-to-investigate-the-metabolism-of-huma

View Mouse Monoclonal anti-Creatine Kinase, Muscle/CKMM Antibody (1E3) (H00001158-M02). Validated Applications: WB, ELISA, ICC/IF. Validated Species: Human.

https://www.novusbio.com/products/creatine-kinase-muscle-ckmm-antibody-1e3_h00001158-m02

Angiotensin II (1). * Antithrombin III/ATIII (1). * Apolipoprotein A I (1). * Arachidonic Acid (1). ...

https://www.abcam.com/products?sortOptions=Relevance&selected.classification=ELISA+and+Matched+Antibody+Pair+Kits&selected.assayType=Competitive

Removal of lipoproteins from human plasma by anti-Apolipoprotein B antibody coated magnetic beads.. Morten Mørk (Lecturer) ...

https://vbn.aau.dk/en/persons/128009

Genotypes were determined using DNA markers for the low-density lipoprotein receptor, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein CIII and ... Genetic Variation Associated with Differences in the Response of Plasma Apolipoprotein B Levels to Dietary Fibre Robert A. ... Fasting blood lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations were measured at the start and end of the 2 week metabolic ... 1. We hypothesized that differences within genes whose protein products are involved in apolipoprotein B metabolism could ...

https://portlandpress.com/clinsci/article-abstract/85/3/269/75884/Genetic-Variation-Associated-with-Differences-in?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Association of the lipoprotein lipase and Apolipoprotein C-II gene polymorphisms with risk of dyslipidemia in smokers and non- ... Association of the lipoprotein lipase and Apolipoprotein C-II gene polymorphisms with risk of dyslipidemia in smokers and non- ... ForAPO CII-Ava II polymorphisms, compared with those of the A2A2 genotype group, the total cholesterol TC, TG, low-density ... The LPL-Hind III and APO CII-Ava II polymorphisms were determined using the polymerase reaction-restriction fragment length ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/220943

Tissue and/or cellular expressions of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), amyloid β (Aβ) precursor protein ( ... 2; P = 0.01). 3) Aβ plaques were noted at early ages in our epilepsy patients, regardless of APOE genotype (APOE ε4,4 age 10; ... Tissue samples from temporal lobes resected from epilepsy patients carrying two APOE ε3 alleles were examined regarding an ... Aboud, O., Mrak, R.E., Boop, F. et al. Apolipoprotein epsilon 3 alleles are associated with indicators of neuronal resilience. ...

https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1741-7015-10-35

Two recent RCTs examining the effects of high dose (~3-4 g/day) of LC n-3 PUFAs were performed in overweight patients with high ... The association of apolipoproteins with later-life all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a population-based study stratified ... A two-tailedP value of ,0.05 was considered to be statistically significant unless otherwise specified, e.g., in the ... Of these, seven did not have relevant data (e.g., no mortality outcomes or no circulating PUFA levels at baseline), two ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-22370-2?ref=healthtips.kr&error=cookies_not_supported&code=5c672e77-edcf-4b4b-913f-6ad099599ab3

... the ODYSSEY COMBO II randomized controlled trial. Eur Heart J. 2015 May 14. 36 (19):1186-94. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... APOB gene encoding for apolipoprotein B, 5%. * PCSK9 gene (proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9), which codes for protein ... 2] The revisions and update have reflected the results of randomized placebo controlled clinical trials that have demonstrated ... Garg A. Statins for all patients with type 2 diabetes: not so soon. Lancet. 2004 Aug 21-27. 364(9435):641-2. [QxMD MEDLINE Link ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/121424-overview

See the reference protein sequence for apolipoprotein E isoform b precursor (NP_000032.1). (nih.gov)
Beta 2-glycoprotein-1 (apolipoprotein H) excretion in chronic renal tubular disorders: comparison with other protein markers of tubular malfunction. (bmj.com)
Apolipoprotein B is the main protein component of LDL and accounts for approximately 95% of the total protein content of LDL. (cdc.gov)
LpA-I exhibited significantly more protein diversity than LpA-I/A-II when isolated directly from plasma . (bvsalud.org)
This effect was independent of the accessory protein signature suggesting that apoA-II induces a structural change in apoA-I in HDLs. (bvsalud.org)
Apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) is the major protein of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and apoB is among the major proteins of very low-, low- (LDL), and intermediate-density lipoproteins. (cdc.gov)
Apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) is a protein that plays a role in moving cholesterol around your body. (medlineplus.gov)
Protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors suppressed both ABCA1 stabilization and cellular lipid release mediated by apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) but not ABCA1 increase by calpain inhibitors. (nih.gov)
1. We hypothesized that differences within genes whose protein products are involved in apolipoprotein B metabolism could influence the response of plasma apolipoprotein B-containing lipoprotein concentrations to increases in dietary fibre. (portlandpress.com)
Plasticity in structure and assembly of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. (nih.gov)

The analyst should use the special sampling weights in this file to analyze Apolipoprotein B (ApoB). (cdc.gov)
Because of their associations with the respective lipoproteins, apoA1 is inversely and apoB is positively associated with cardiovascular risk (2). (cdc.gov)
Linear regression models conducted in each cycle were used to perform a meta-analysis to investigate associations between urinary BPA and serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB). (bmj.com)

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 Genotype (ApoE rs429358-ApoE rs7412 Polymorphisms) Is Not Associated with Long COVID Symptoms in Previously Hospitalized COVID-19 Survivors. (nih.gov)
We studied the association of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), apoA1, apoCIII, apoD, and apoE as well as the ratios of apolipoproteins with apoA1 with the risk of T2D. (eur.nl)
Tissue samples from temporal lobes resected from epilepsy patients carrying two APOE ε3 alleles were examined regarding an association between inheritance of these alleles and determinants of neuronal resilience. (biomedcentral.com)
Apolipoprotein E ( APOE ) is a gene that influences Alzheimer's risk. (nih.gov)
People who carry two copies of APOE ε4 and are of European descent have a higher risk than those who are of African, Hispanic, or Japanese descent. (nih.gov)
The increased risk was only observed when the APOE ε3 [R145C] variant was paired with APOE ε4 and the risk was similar to that associated with carrying two copies of APOE ε4 . (nih.gov)

We herein investigated the properties of macrophages that contribute to amyloid degradation and disease progression using inducible apolipoprotein A-II amyloidosis model mice. (qxmd.com)

Sixty percent of women were at increased cardiovascular risk because of low apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) levels, compared with 35% of men. (cdc.gov)

Apolipoprotein A-II alters the proteome of human lipoproteins and enhances cholesterol efflux from ABCA1. (bvsalud.org)
Apolipoproteins may also offer advantages over lipoprotein cholesterol measurements because they are direct measurements, whereas LDL, for example, is calculated from other lipoproteins from a fasting blood sample. (cdc.gov)
Regulation and clearance of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. (medlineplus.gov)
1. Abnormal activation of lipoprotein lipase by non-equilibrating apoC-II: further evidence for the presence of non-equilibrating pools of apolipoproteins C-II and C-III in plasma lipoproteins. (nih.gov)
4. Lipoprotein distribution of apolipoprotein C-III and its relationship to the presence in plasma of triglyceride-rich remnant lipoproteins. (nih.gov)
5. Lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine of guinea pig very low density lipoproteins and discoidal complexes of phospholipid and apolipoprotein: effect of apolipoprotein C-II on the catalytic mechanism. (nih.gov)
6. Guinea pig apolipoprotein C-II: expression in E. coli, functional studies of recombinant wild-type and mutated variants, and distribution on plasma lipoproteins. (nih.gov)
8. Evidence for non-equilibrating pools of apolipoprotein C-III in plasma lipoproteins. (nih.gov)
12. Independent regulation of plasma apolipoprotein C-II and C-III concentrations in very low density and high density lipoproteins: implications for the regulation of the catabolism of these lipoproteins. (nih.gov)
14. Effects of dietary carbohydrate and fat on plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins C-II and C-III in healthy men. (nih.gov)

The apo E gene is polymorphic with 3 common alleles (2, (3 and (4. (europa.eu)
This study aimed to demonstrate whether lipoprotein lipase enzyme (LPL) and Apolipoprotein CII (APOCII) gene polymorphisms can be considered as independent genetic risk factors for dyslipidaemia among smokers with various smoking durations. (who.int)
Genotypes were determined using DNA markers for the low-density lipoprotein receptor, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein CIII and hepatic lipase gene loci. (portlandpress.com)

Both proapolipoprotein C-II and apolipoprotein C-II can activate lipoprotein lipase. (enquirebio.com)
2. Lipoprotein ApoC-II activation of lipoprotein lipase. (nih.gov)
3. Effects of plasma apolipoproteins on lipoprotein lipase-mediated lipolysis of small and large lipid emulsions. (nih.gov)
7. Modulation of lipoprotein lipase activity by apolipoproteins. (nih.gov)
17. Human apolipoprotein A-II determines plasma triglycerides by regulating lipoprotein lipase activity and high-density lipoprotein proteome. (nih.gov)

Serum levels of an isoform of apolipoprotein A-II as a potential marker for prostate cancer. (nih.gov)
SELDI-based immunoassay revealed that an 8.9-kDa isoform of ApoA-II is specifically overexpressed in serum from individuals with prostate cancer. (nih.gov)
ApoA-II was also overexpressed in the serum of individuals with prostate cancer who have normal prostate-specific antigen (0-4.0 ng/mL). (nih.gov)
In an immunochemical reaction, Apolipoprotein B in the human serum sample form immune complexes with specific antibodies. (cdc.gov)

Apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) mutations carriers typically display high plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low triglycerides (TGs). (nih.gov)

Apolipoprotein and lipid profiles in this First Nation population suggest high cardiovascular risk. (cdc.gov)

Apolipoprotein E (Apo-E) is a major cholesterol carrier that supports lipid transport and injury repair in the brain. (nih.gov)
ForAPO CII-Ava II polymorphisms, compared with those of the A2A2 genotype group, the total cholesterol TC, TG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL-C and VLDL-C concentrations were significantly increased in the A1A2 genotype group, while the HDL-C concentration was significantly decreased. (who.int)
There was no significant variation in the reduction of plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or apolipoprotein B concentrations for alleles of other genes tested. (portlandpress.com)
[ 2 ] The revisions and update have reflected the results of randomized placebo controlled clinical trials that have demonstrated reduced morbidity and mortality in subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia treated with cholesterol-lowering agents, particularly (though not exclusively) statins. (medscape.com)
Concentrations of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were about 10% lower with margarine than with butter. (bmj.com)
Lp(a) lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were similar with the two diets. (bmj.com)
1 2 A major justification for this recommendation is the association between saturated fatty acids and total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. (bmj.com)

The structure of most HDLs is maintained by two scaffold proteins , apoA-I and apoA-II , but up to 95 other "accessory" proteins have been found associated with the particles. (bvsalud.org)
Most LpA-I/A-II accessory proteins were associated with lipid transport pathways, whereas those in LpA-I were associated with inflammatory response, hemostasis , immune response , metal ion binding, and protease inhibition. (bvsalud.org)

Among them, apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II) was found to have the highest abundance among the CKD patients with hypertension. (frontiersin.org)
As such, we hypothesized that apoC-II and apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) levels were related to BP abnormalities and CVD in children suffering from mild-to-moderate CKD. (frontiersin.org)
Early evaluations of apoC-II and apoC-III, ABPM, and surrogate markers of CV risk will aid in early preventative interventions to reduce the risk of CV in youths suffering from CKD. (frontiersin.org)

Two methods are compared for measuring the kinetic parameters of apolipoprotein A-I and A-II metabolism in human plasma. (houstonmethodist.org)
The 'obesogen hypothesis' and 'metabolism-disrupting hypothesis' suggest that exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) found in the environment may predispose some individuals to the development of obesity and associated health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. (bmj.com)
The apoC-III proteoform containing two sialic acid residues (apoC-III2) has different in vitro effects on lipid metabolism compared with asialylated (apoC-III0) or the most abundant monosialylated (apoC-III1) proteoforms. (nih.gov)

Disialylated apolipoprotein C-III proteoform is associated with improved lipids in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. (nih.gov)
Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between plasma apoC-III proteoforms (by mass spectrometric immunoassay) and plasma lipids were tested in two randomized clinical trials: ACT NOW, a study of pioglitazone in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (n = 531), and RACED (n = 296), a study of intensive glycemic control and atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients. (nih.gov)

Epub 2003 Sep 2. (nih.gov)

Sequence identification by liquid chromatography-MS/MS and subsequent immunoassays verified that an isoform of apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II) is the observed 8,946 m/z SELDI peak. (nih.gov)
We have identified an isoform of ApoA-II giving rise to an 8.9K m/z SELDI 'peak' that is specifically overexpressed in prostate disease. (nih.gov)

Conclusions: The study revealed that the HþHþ or H þ H-genotype of the LPL-Hind III polymorphism and the A1A1or A1A2 genotype of the APOCII-Ava II polymorphism were at higher risk of developing dyslipidaemia compared to the HeH- genotype of the LPL-Hind III polymorphism and A2A2 genotype of the APOCII-Ava II polymorphism. (who.int)
3. Reductions in plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein B were significantly different depending on genotype determined with a low-density lipoprotein receptor DNA marker ( P = 0.03). (portlandpress.com)

A DNA sequence encoding the Homo sapiens (Human) Apolipoprotein C-II, was expressed in the hosts and tags indicated. (enquirebio.com)

11. Apolipoprotein C-II and C-III preferably transfer to both high-density lipoprotein (HDL)2 and the larger HDL3 from very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). (nih.gov)
16. Apolipoprotein C-III displacement of apolipoprotein E from VLDL: effect of particle size. (nih.gov)

The intensity of the scattered light is proportional to the concentration of Apolipoprotein B in the sample. (cdc.gov)

ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) plays an essential role in the helical apolipoprotein-mediated assembly of high density lipoprotein, and the apolipoporteins stabilize ABCA1 against calpain-mediated degradation during the reaction ((2002) J. Biol. (nih.gov)

SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given that on April 2, 2018, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Debarring Official, on behalf of the Secretary of HHS, issued a final notice of debarment based on the findings of research misconduct made by the Office of Research Integrity (ORI) against H.M. Krishna Murthy, Ph.D., former Research Associate Professor, Department of Vision Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). (nih.gov)
The administrative actions, including ten (10) years of debarment, were implemented beginning on April 2, 2018, and are detailed below. (nih.gov)

Fasting blood lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations were measured at the start and end of the 2 week metabolic period. (portlandpress.com)
4. Thus, genetic variability is associated with inter-individual differences in the fibre-related reduction in plasma apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein B-containing lipoprotein concentrations. (portlandpress.com)
9. Quantitation of human apolipoprotein C-III and its subspecie by radioimmunoassay and analytical isoelectric focusing: abnormal plasma triglyceride-rich lipoprotein apolipoprotein C-III subspecie concentrations in hypertriglyceridemia. (nih.gov)
Concentrations of total and low density lipoprotein, Lp(a) lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein B 100, and apolipoprotein AI. (bmj.com)

To begin to address this issue, we separated human plasma and HDL isolated by ultracentrifugation (UC-HDL) into particles with apoA-I and no apoA-II (LpA-I) and those with both apoA-I and apoA-II (LpA-I/A-II). (bvsalud.org)
The fractional plasma clearance rates of endogenous apolipoproteins A-I and A-II were the same. (houstonmethodist.org)

As follow-up care, the patient will receive repeat lumbar punctures every 3 months for 2 years to exclude occult invasion of the central nervous system (CNS). (cdc.gov)

Second, Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine whether apolipoproteins predict the risk for T2D among individuals free of diabetes at baseline. (eur.nl)

10. Identification and metabolic characteristics of an apolipoprotein C-II variant isolated from a hypertriglyceridemic subject. (nih.gov)

The solution structure of the 16th CCP module from human complement factor H has been determined by a combination of 2-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and restrained simulated annealing. (embl.de)

OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the role of serumlevels of various apolipoproteins on the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). (eur.nl)
In order to test whether hyperlipidaemia and glycaemic control can be improved among diabetes patients by dietary supplementation with purified omega-3 fatty acids, we carried out a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on 50 type 2 diabetes patients randomized to 2 g/day purified omega-3 fatty acids or placebo for 10 weeks. (who.int)
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has increased greatly in the past few years, and an even greater increase is foreseen in the next few years [1]. (who.int)
When additional risk factors were included in the model, including diabetes mellitus, alcohol intake, psychosocial factors, the ratio of apolipoprotein B to A1, and cardiac causes (atrial fibrillation or flutter, previous MI, and valve disease), these 10 risk factors accounted for 90% of the risk of stroke. (medscape.com)

Our aim was to describe the apolipoprotein profile with respect to cardiovascular risk in a Canadian First Nation community. (cdc.gov)
Our objective was to describe the apolipoprotein profile and its relationship to cardiovascular risk factors in a Canadian First Nation community. (cdc.gov)
Apolipoprotein measurements may provide more detail about your risk for heart disease, but the added value of this test beyond a lipid panel is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)

2. We studied 67 subjects (43 men and 24 women) who had taken part in parallel 2 week metabolic dietary studies involving either wheat bran or oat bran supplementation. (portlandpress.com)

The LPL-Hind III and APO CII-Ava II polymorphisms were determined using the polymerase reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) technique. (who.int)

All apolipoproteins, ratios, and HDL-C levels were naturally logtransformed to reach normal distribution. (eur.nl)

The catabolic clearance rate of exogenously labeled apolipoprotein A-I was consistently faster than that of endogenous apolipoprotein A-I. Conversely, endogenously and exogenously labeled apolipoprotein A-II were catabolized at identical rates. (houstonmethodist.org)

and 2) to evaluate prevention and treatment programs targeting cardiovascular disease in the U.S. (cdc.gov)

Macrophages in the reticuloendothelial system inhibit early induction stages of mouse apolipoprotein A-II amyloidosis. (qxmd.com)

The ability of ApoA-II to detect disease in patients with normal prostate-specific antigen suggests potential utility of the marker in identifying indolent disease. (nih.gov)

In the first, high density lipoprotein apoproteins were radioiodinated in situ in the lipoprotein particle (endogenous apoprotein labeling) while in the second, individually labeled apolipoprotein A-I or A-II was incorporated into the particle by in vitro incubation (exogenous apoprotein labeling). (houstonmethodist.org)

There is now much evidence implicating apolipoprotein E (apo E) in the pathogenesis of CAD and AD. (europa.eu)

Nous avons réalisé un essai en double aveugle contre placebo sur 50 patients atteints de diabète de type 2 randomisés pour recevoir 2 g/jour d'acides gras oméga 3 purifiés ou un placebo pendant 10 semaines. (who.int)

The limitations of this animal model associated with its morphological and physiological differences with humans are minimized by the similarity of the two genomes and by the potential for increased understanding attainable, given that the dietary interventions reported here would have taken 400 years to achieve in humans. (revespcardiol.org)

After the patient received 2 treatment doses of suramin and analysis of repeat blood films confirmed that parasitemia had cleared, a lumbar puncture was performed. (cdc.gov)

An 8,946 m/z SELDI-TOF MS peak was found to retain discriminatory value in each of two separate data sets with an increased expression in the diseased state. (nih.gov)
We found that the presence of apoA-II enhanced ABCA1-mediated efflux compared with LpA-I particles. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy1

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs28

Mass spectral study of polymorphism of the apolipoproteins of very low density lipoprotein. (1/189)

A thymidine to cytosine substitution for codon 26 of exon 3 of apolipoprotein C-II gene in a patient with apolipoprotein C-II deficiency. (2/189)

Protective effect of apolipoprotein A I, A II, C I and C II on endothelial cells injury induced by low density lipoprotein. (3/189)

Fibrinolytic factors, serum lipid and C-reactive protein predicting cardiac events in Japanese patients with coronary atherosclerotic lesions. (4/189)

Structure of a biologically active fragment of human serum apolipoprotein C-II in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and dodecylphosphocholine. (5/189)

In addition to the high-density lipoprotein fraction, apolipoprotein C-III is detected in chylomicrons and the very low-density lipoprotein fraction from serum of normolipidemic cows. (6/189)

Expression of the apolipoprotein C-II gene during myelomonocytic differentiation of human leukemic cells. (7/189)

Sub-micellar phospholipid accelerates amyloid formation by apolipoprotein C-II. (8/189)

Apolipoprotein C-I

Apolipoproteins C

Apolipoprotein C-III

Lipoproteins, VLDL

Triglycerides

Apolipoprotein A-I

Apolipoproteins E

Apolipoprotein B-100

Apolipoproteins B

Apolipoprotein E4

Apolipoprotein E3

Apolipoprotein A-II

Apolipoproteins

Apolipoprotein C-II

Apolipoproteins A

Apolipoprotein B-48

Apolipoprotein E2

Lipoproteins, HDL

Apoprotein(a)

Cholesterol

Lipoproteins

Lipoprotein(a)

Apolipoproteins D

Lipoproteins, LDL

Lipids

Receptors, LDL

Atherosclerosis

Cholesterol, HDL

Arteriosclerosis

Liver

Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase

Mass spectral study of polymorphism of the apolipoproteins of very low density lipoprotein. (1/189)

A thymidine to cytosine substitution for codon 26 of exon 3 of apolipoprotein C-II gene in a patient with apolipoprotein C-II deficiency. (2/189)

Protective effect of apolipoprotein A I, A II, C I and C II on endothelial cells injury induced by low density lipoprotein. (3/189)

Fibrinolytic factors, serum lipid and C-reactive protein predicting cardiac events in Japanese patients with coronary atherosclerotic lesions. (4/189)

Structure of a biologically active fragment of human serum apolipoprotein C-II in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and dodecylphosphocholine. (5/189)

In addition to the high-density lipoprotein fraction, apolipoprotein C-III is detected in chylomicrons and the very low-density lipoprotein fraction from serum of normolipidemic cows. (6/189)

Expression of the apolipoprotein C-II gene during myelomonocytic differentiation of human leukemic cells. (7/189)

Sub-micellar phospholipid accelerates amyloid formation by apolipoprotein C-II. (8/189)

Apolipoprotein C-II

Apolipoprotein A-II

Apolipoprotein E

Apolipoprotein B

Apolipoprotein D

Anti-apolipoprotein antibodies

Apolipoprotein C-III

Apolipoprotein

Apolipoprotein L1

Lipocalin

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8

Gladys Maestre

APOL2

APOL6

APOM

Causal model

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha

DAB1

Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2

David J. Galton

Heme oxygenase

Apolipoprotein C-I

Farnesoid X receptor

APOBEC1

Reelin

Apolipoprotein C-IV

Lipoprotein lipase

A1CF

Hyperlipidemia

Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy

LDL receptor

Dementia with Lewy bodies

WNK3

Index of biochemistry articles

Coconut oil

ACAT2

Dendritic cell

ABCA1

Chromosome 6

Estrogen receptor beta