Aphids. Medical search

A genus of gram-negative bacteria which are obligately intracellular endosymbionts of APHIDS. The bacteria are found within specialized cells in the aphid body cavity.

A family of RNA plant viruses infecting disparate plant families. They are transmitted by specific aphid vectors. There are three genera: LUTEOVIRUS; Polerovirus; and Enamovirus.

The relationship between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other or a relationship between different species where both of the organisms in question benefit from the presence of the other.

Plant tissue that carries nutrients, especially sucrose, by turgor pressure. Movement is bidirectional, in contrast to XYLEM where it is only upward. Phloem originates and grows outwards from meristematic cells (MERISTEM) in the vascular cambium. P-proteins, a type of LECTINS, are characteristically found in phloem.

A genus of plant viruses that infects both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. Its organisms are persistently transmitted by aphids, and weeds may provide reservoirs of infection.

The immature stage in the life cycle of those orders of insects characterized by gradual metamorphosis, in which the young resemble the imago in general form of body, including compound eyes and external wings; also the 8-legged stage of mites and ticks that follows the first moult.

The relationship between an invertebrate and another organism (the host), one of which lives at the expense of the other. Traditionally excluded from definition of parasites are pathogenic BACTERIA; FUNGI; VIRUSES; and PLANTS; though they may live parasitically.

A plant species of the genus VICIA, family FABACEAE. The edible beans are well known but they cause FAVISM in some individuals with GLUCOSEPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY. This plant contains vicine, convicine, Vicia lectins, unknown seed protein, AAP2 transport protein, and Vicia faba DNA-binding protein 1.

Diseases of plants.

A plant genus in the family ROSACEAE, order Rosales, subclass Rosidae. It is best known as a source of edible fruits such as apricot, plum, peach, cherry, and almond.

Any of numerous winged hymenopterous insects of social as well as solitary habits and having formidable stings.

The act of feeding on plants by animals.

A variable annual leguminous vine (Pisum sativum) that is cultivated for its rounded smooth or wrinkled edible protein-rich seeds, the seed of the pea, and the immature pods with their included seeds. (From Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1973)

INSECTS of the order Coleoptera, containing over 350,000 species in 150 families. They possess hard bodies and their mouthparts are adapted for chewing.

Reproduction without fusion of two types of cells, mostly found in ALGAE; FUNGI; and PLANTS. Asexual reproduction occurs in several ways, such as budding, fission, or splitting from "parent" cells. Only few groups of ANIMALS reproduce asexually or unisexually (PARTHENOGENESIS).

A large genus of plant viruses of the family POTYVIRIDAE which infect mainly plants of the Solanaceae. Transmission is primarily by aphids in a non-persistent manner. The type species is potato virus Y.

Behavioral responses or sequences associated with eating including modes of feeding, rhythmic patterns of eating, and time intervals.

Proteins found in any species of insect.

The process of laying or shedding fully developed eggs (OVA) from the female body. The term is usually used for certain INSECTS or FISHES with an organ called ovipositor where eggs are stored or deposited before expulsion from the body.

Insects of the family Formicidae, very common and widespread, probably the most successful of all the insect groups. All ants are social insects, and most colonies contain three castes, queens, males, and workers. Their habits are often very elaborate and a great many studies have been made of ant behavior. Ants produce a number of secretions that function in offense, defense, and communication. (From Borror, et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p676)

An order of fungi comprising mostly insect pathogens, though some infect mammals including humans. Strict host specificity make these fungi a focus of many biological control studies.

The genetic complement of an insect (INSECTS) as represented in its DNA.

A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs in the natural environment (soil, water, and plant surfaces) or as an opportunistic human pathogen.

Instinctual behavior pattern in which food is obtained by killing and consuming other species.

The gourd plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is sometimes placed in its own order, Cucurbitales. 'Melon' generally refers to CUCUMIS; CITRULLUS; or MOMORDICA.

A genus of PLANT VIRUSES, in the family CAULIMOVIRIDAE, that are transmitted by APHIDS in a semipersistent manner. Aphid-borne transmission of some caulimoviruses requires certain virus-coded proteins termed transmission factors.

Substituted thioglucosides. They are found in rapeseed (Brassica campestris) products and related cruciferae. They are metabolized to a variety of toxic products which are most likely the cause of hepatocytic necrosis in animals and humans.

A genus in the family NANOVIRIDAE infecting bananas. The type species is Banana bunchy top virus.

Insects that transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.

Use of naturally-occuring or genetically-engineered organisms to reduce or eliminate populations of pests.

The sequence of transfers of matter and energy from organism to organism in the form of FOOD. Food chains intertwine locally into a food web because most organisms consume more than one type of animal or plant. PLANTS, which convert SOLAR ENERGY to food by PHOTOSYNTHESIS, are the primary food source. In a predator chain, a plant-eating animal is eaten by a larger animal. In a parasite chain, a smaller organism consumes part of a larger host and may itself be parasitized by smaller organisms. In a saprophytic chain, microorganisms live on dead organic matter.

An extensive order of highly specialized insects including bees, wasps, and ants.

The reduction or regulation of the population of noxious, destructive, or dangerous insects through chemical, biological, or other means.

A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE. The starchy roots are used as food. SOLANINE is found in green parts.

A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. Members contain acrid calcium oxalate and LECTINS. Polynesians prepare the root into poi. Common names of Taro and Coco Yam (Cocoyam) may be confused with other ARACEAE; XANTHOSOMA; or with common yam (DIOSCOREA).

A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE known for the edible fruit.

Chemical substances, excreted by an organism into the environment, that elicit behavioral or physiological responses from other organisms of the same species. Perception of these chemical signals may be olfactory or by contact.

The total process by which organisms produce offspring. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Eighteen-carbon cyclopentyl polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID via an oxidative pathway analogous to the EICOSANOIDS in animals. Biosynthesis is inhibited by SALICYLATES. A key member, jasmonic acid of PLANTS, plays a similar role to ARACHIDONIC ACID in animals.

A plant genus of the family Cruciferae. It contains many species and cultivars used as food including cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussel sprouts, kale, collard greens, MUSTARD PLANT; (B. alba, B. junica, and B. nigra), turnips (BRASSICA NAPUS) and rapeseed (BRASSICA RAPA).

The properties of a pathogen that makes it capable of infecting one or more specific hosts. The pathogen can include PARASITES as well as VIRUSES; BACTERIA; FUNGI; or PLANTS.

A large order of insects characterized by having the mouth parts adapted to piercing or sucking. It is comprised of four suborders: HETEROPTERA, Auchenorrhyncha, Sternorrhyncha, and Coleorrhyncha.

A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Ongoing collection, analysis, and interpretation of ecological data that is used to assess changes in the components, processes, and overall condition and functioning of an ECOSYSTEM.

A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is widely used as ground cover and forage and known for the edible beans, VICIA FABA.

The pattern of any process, or the interrelationship of phenomena, which affects growth or change within a population.

The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants.

The blood/lymphlike nutrient fluid of some invertebrates.

A group of the proteobacteria comprised of facultatively anaerobic and fermentative gram-negative bacteria.

Organisms, biological agents, or biologically-derived agents used strategically for their positive or adverse effect on the physiology and/or reproductive health of other organisms.

The continuous sequence of changes undergone by living organisms during the post-embryonic developmental process, such as metamorphosis in insects and amphibians. This includes the developmental stages of apicomplexans such as the malarial parasite, PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

An order of very small, fringed-wing INSECTS including many agricultural pests.

A genus of plant viruses of the family BROMOVIRIDAE, which infect cucurbits and solanaceous plants. Transmission occurs via aphids in a non-persistent manner, and also via seeds. The type species Cucumber mosaic virus, a CUCUMOVIRUS, should not be confused with Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, a TOBAMOVIRUS.

A unisexual reproduction without the fusion of a male and a female gamete (FERTILIZATION). In parthenogenesis, an individual is formed from an unfertilized OVUM that did not complete MEIOSIS. Parthenogenesis occurs in nature and can be artificially induced.

A plant genus of the family MALVACEAE. It is the source of COTTON FIBER; COTTONSEED OIL, which is used for cooking, and GOSSYPOL. The economically important cotton crop is a major user of agricultural PESTICIDES.

A plant genus in the family FABACEAE known for LATHYRISM poisoning.

Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals.

An order of fungi in the phylum ASCOMYCOTA that includes a number of species which are parasitic on higher plants, insects, or fungi. Other species are saprotrophic.

A plant species of the family FABACEAE used to study GENETICS because it is DIPLOID, self fertile, has a small genome, and short generation time.

Viruses parasitic on plants higher than bacteria.

The functional hereditary units of INSECTS.

The capacity to conceive or to induce conception. It may refer to either the male or female.

A family of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that do not form endospores. Its organisms are distributed worldwide with some being saprophytes and others being plant and animal parasites. Many species are of considerable economic importance due to their pathogenic effects on agriculture and livestock.

A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The common name of thoroughwort is also used for other plants including EUPATORIUM; CHROMOLAENA, Hebeclinium and Koanophyllon. Eupolin is the aqueous extract of the leaves.

A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE. The fruit is a large, egg-shaped berry, varying in color from dark purple to red, yellowish, or white. The leaves are large and ovate. The flowers are pendant, violet, and two inches across.

A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Some species of the CHRYSANTHEMUM and the old Pyrethrum genera have been reclassified to this genus. The common name of tansy usually refers to this but also forms part of the common name of other plants such as Tansy Ragwort (SENECIO) and Tansyaster (HAPLOPAPPUS).

Methods of comparing two or more samples on the same two-dimensional gel electrophoresis gel.

An order of the class Insecta. Wings, when present, number two and distinguish Diptera from other so-called flies, while the halteres, or reduced hindwings, separate Diptera from other insects with one pair of wings. The order includes the families Calliphoridae, Oestridae, Phoridae, SARCOPHAGIDAE, Scatophagidae, Sciaridae, SIMULIIDAE, Tabanidae, Therevidae, Trypetidae, CERATOPOGONIDAE; CHIRONOMIDAE; CULICIDAE; DROSOPHILIDAE; GLOSSINIDAE; MUSCIDAE; TEPHRITIDAE; and PSYCHODIDAE. The larval form of Diptera species are called maggots (see LARVA).

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

Number of individuals in a population relative to space.

PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.

A plant species of the family SOLANACEAE, native of South America, widely cultivated for their edible, fleshy, usually red fruit.

A variety of simple repeat sequences that are distributed throughout the GENOME. They are characterized by a short repeat unit of 2-8 basepairs that is repeated up to 100 times. They are also known as short tandem repeats (STRs).

Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.

The class Insecta, in the phylum ARTHROPODA, whose members are characterized by division into three parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. They are the dominant group of animals on earth; several hundred thousand different kinds having been described. Three orders, HEMIPTERA; DIPTERA; and SIPHONAPTERA; are of medical interest in that they cause disease in humans and animals. (From Borror et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p1)

A plant genus of the family POACEAE that contains allergen Dac g I.

Substances released by PLANTS such as PLANT GUMS and PLANT RESINS.

The development by insects of resistance to insecticides.

A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. It is distinct from Sweet Clover (MELILOTUS), from Bush Clover (LESPEDEZA), and from Red Clover (TRIFOLIUM).

A compound obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. It has bacteriostatic, fungicidal, and keratolytic actions.

Compounds having the nitro group, -NO2, attached to carbon. When attached to nitrogen they are nitramines and attached to oxygen they are NITRATES.

Pesticides designed to control insects that are harmful to man. The insects may be directly harmful, as those acting as disease vectors, or indirectly harmful, as destroyers of crops, food products, or textile fabrics.

A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain NICOTINE and other biologically active chemicals; its dried leaves are used for SMOKING.

Organic compounds that have a relatively high VAPOR PRESSURE at room temperature.

A plant species of the family CUCURBITACEAE, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae known for the melon fruits with reticulated (net) surface including cantaloupes, honeydew, casaba, and Persian melons.

The reduction or regulation of the population of noxious, destructive, or dangerous plants, insects, or other animals. This includes control of plants that serve as habitats or food sources for animal pests.

A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. It is a very poisonous plant that contains cardioactive agents.

The large family of plants characterized by pods. Some are edible and some cause LATHYRISM or FAVISM and other forms of poisoning. Other species yield useful materials like gums from ACACIA and various LECTINS like PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS from PHASEOLUS. Many of them harbor NITROGEN FIXATION bacteria on their roots. Many but not all species of "beans" belong to this family.

Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

A strand of primary conductive plant tissue consisting essentially of XYLEM, PHLOEM, and CAMBIUM.

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

A group of degraded TRITERPENES in which the four terminal carbons of the C17 side chain have been removed, and the remaining portion often forming C17 furans.

Any of several BRASSICA species that are commonly called mustard. Brassica alba is white mustard, B. juncea is brown or Chinese mustard, and B. nigra is black, brown, or red mustard. The plant is grown both for mustard seed from which oil is extracted or used as SPICES, and for its greens used as VEGETABLES or ANIMAL FEED. There is no relationship to MUSTARD COMPOUNDS.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.

A genus of PARVOVIRIDAE, subfamily DENSOVIRINAE, comprising helper-independent viruses containing only two species. Junonia coenia densovirus is the type species.

The interactions between a host and a pathogen, usually resulting in disease.

The capability of producing eggs (OVA) from which young are hatched outside the body. While mostly referring to nonmammalian species, this does include MAMMALS of the order MONOTREMATA.

An annual legume. The SEEDS of this plant are edible and used to produce a variety of SOY FOODS.

A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that includes several marshy plants. The common name of watercress is also used for NASTURTIUM & TROPAEOLUM.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A plant genus in the family ROSACEAE and order Rosales. This should not be confused with the genus RHODIOLA which is sometimes called roseroot.

Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.

Large and highly vacuolated cells possessing many chloroplasts occuring in the interior cross-section of leaves, juxtaposed between the epidermal layers.

A process by which animals in various forms and stages of development are physically distributed through time and space.

A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.

A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE.

A plant species of the family FABACEAE widely cultivated for ANIMAL FEED.

The mint plant family. They are characteristically aromatic, and many of them are cultivated for their oils. Most have square stems, opposite leaves, and two-lipped, open-mouthed, tubular corollas (united petals), with five-lobed, bell-like calyxes (united sepals).

A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. The hot peppers yield CAPSAICIN, which activates VANILLOID RECEPTORS. Several varieties have sweet or pungent edible fruits that are used as vegetables when fresh and spices when the pods are dried.

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of anthranilate (o-aminobenzoate) and pyruvic acid from chorismate and glutamine. Anthranilate is the biosynthetic precursor of tryptophan and numerous secondary metabolites, including inducible plant defense compounds. EC 4.1.3.27.

A plant genus of the family Musaceae, order Zingiberales, subclass Zingiberidae, class Liliopsida.

Cultivated plants or agricultural produce such as grain, vegetables, or fruit. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)

A plant genus in the ANACARDIACEAE family known for the Pistachio nuts and for gum Mastic.

A plant genus of the family RHAMNACEAE. Several species have been reclassified to the FRANGULA genus. It is often called buckthorn but should not be confused with other plants called that.

The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.

Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The sequential location of genes on a chromosome.

A family of gram-negative bacteria in the order Legionellales. It includes genera COXIELLA and Rickettsiella.

The mulberry plant family of the order Urticales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida. They have milky latex and small, petalless male or female flowers.

The outer protein protective shell of a virus, which protects the viral nucleic acid.

A plant genus of the family ARACEAE that contains pinellian (an acidic polysaccharide). The plant is an ingredient of some traditional Asian medicinal mixtures including sho-saiko-to, saiko-keishi-to, and banxia houpu decoction.

A plant species of the family BRASSICACEAE best known for the edible roots.

A plant species of the family POACEAE that is widely cultivated for its edible seeds.

Frozen water crystals that fall from the ATMOSPHERE.

A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The EDIBLE GRAIN, barley, is widely used as food.

The rose plant family in the order ROSALES and class Magnoliopsida. They are generally woody plants. A number of the species of this family contain cyanogenic compounds.

A localized proliferation of plant tissue forming a swelling or outgrowth, commonly with a characteristic shape and unlike any organ of the normal plant. Plant tumors or galls usually form in response to the action of a pathogen or a pest. (Holliday, P., A Dictionary of Plant Pathology, 1989, p330)

The protoplasm and plasma membrane of plant, fungal, bacterial or archaeon cells without the CELL WALL.

The functional hereditary units of PLANTS.

A mitosporic fungal genus. Teleomorphs are found in the family Clavicipitaceae and include Cordyceps bassiana. The species Beauveria bassiana is a common pathogen of ARTHROPODS and is used in PEST CONTROL.

A method that is derived from western blotting (BLOTTING, WESTERN) and is used to detect protein-protein interactions. The blotted proteins are probed with a non-antibody protein which can then be tagged with a labeled antibody.

A natural association between organisms that is detrimental to at least one of them. This often refers to the production of chemicals by one microorganism that is harmful to another.

The naturally occurring transmission of genetic information between organisms, related or unrelated, circumventing parent-to-offspring transmission. Horizontal gene transfer may occur via a variety of naturally occurring processes such as GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; and TRANSFECTION. It may result in a change of the recipient organism's genetic composition (TRANSFORMATION, GENETIC).

A genus of fungi in the family Entomophthoraceae, order Entomorphthorales. They are primarily parasites of insects and spiders, but have been found to cause mycotic infections of the nose in man and horses.

A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE known for allergenic pollen (ALLERGENS).

A family of bacteriophages which are characterized by short, non-contractile tails.

A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, which includes pumpkin, gourd and squash.

A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE, order Euphorbiales, subclass Rosidae. The seed of Ricinus communis L. is the CASTOR BEAN which is the source of CASTOR OIL; RICIN; and other lectins.

A genus of perennial herbs used topically and internally. It contains echinacoside, GLYCOSIDES; INULIN; isobutyl amides, resin, and SESQUITERPENES.

A plant genus of the family LYCOPODIACEAE. Members contain ALKALOIDS. Lycopodium oil is obtained from L. clavatum.

A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Other plants called broom include CYTISUS; SPARTIUM; and BROMUS.

Biphasic dose responses of cells or organisms (including microorganisms) to an exogenous or intrinsic factor, in which the factor induces stimulatory or beneficial effects at low doses and inhibitory or adverse effects at high doses.

Derivatives of ethylene, a simple organic gas of biological origin with many industrial and biological use.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

The infective system of a virus, composed of the viral genome, a protein core, and a protein coat called a capsid, which may be naked or enclosed in a lipoprotein envelope called the peplos.

Glands that secrete SALIVA in the MOUTH. There are three pairs of salivary glands (PAROTID GLAND; SUBLINGUAL GLAND; SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND).

A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. M. chamomilla appears similar to Anthemis but this flower disk is conical and hollow and lacks chaffy bract scales and the odor is weaker. The common name of 'manzanilla' is confused with other meanings of the word. 'Matricaria chamomilla sensu' is classified by some as Tripleurospermum perforata. Other plants with similar common names include CHAMAEMELUM; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM and ANTHEMIS.

A genus of gram-negative, helical bacteria, in the family SPIROPLASMATACEAE, order Entomoplasmatales, causing disease in PLANTS. It has been isolated from TICKS; INSECTS; and PLANTS.

Viruses which produce a mottled appearance of the leaves of plants.

The capability of an organism to survive and reproduce. The phenotypic expression of the genotype in a particular environment determines how genetically fit an organism will be.

Amino acids that are not synthesized by the human body in amounts sufficient to carry out physiological functions. They are obtained from dietary foodstuffs.

A species of gram-positive, spherical bacteria whose organisms occur in tetrads and in irregular clusters of tetrads. The primary habitat is mammalian skin.

The capability of bearing live young (rather than eggs) in nonmammalian species. Some species of REPTILES and FISHES exhibit this.

Endogenous substances produced through the activity of intact cells of glands, tissues, or organs.

A large group of facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.

Innate response elicited by sensory stimuli associated with a threatening situation, or actual confrontation with an enemy.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

The saxifrage plant family of the order ROSALES, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. The leaves are alternate and sometimes deeply lobed or form rosettes. The flowers have both male and female parts and 4 or 5 sepals and petals; they are usually in branched clusters. The fruit is a capsule with many seeds.

A group I chaperonin protein that forms the barrel-like structure of the chaperonin complex. It is an oligomeric protein with a distinctive structure of fourteen subunits, arranged in two rings of seven subunits each. The protein was originally studied in BACTERIA where it is commonly referred to as GroEL protein.

A phase transition from liquid state to gas state, which is affected by Raoult's law. It can be accomplished by fractional distillation.

The observable response an animal makes to any situation.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

Communication between animals involving the giving off by one individual of some chemical or physical signal, that, on being received by another, influences its behavior.

The directional growth of an organism in response to an external stimulus such as light, touch, or gravity. Growth towards the stimulus is a positive tropism; growth away from the stimulus is a negative tropism. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

An insect growth regulator which interferes with the formation of the insect cuticle. It is effective in the control of mosquitoes and flies.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

An animal's cleaning and caring for the body surface. This includes preening, the cleaning and oiling of feathers with the bill or of hair with the tongue.

The myrtle plant family of the order Myrtales. It includes several aromatic medicinal plants such as EUCALYPTUS.

A superfamily of nematodes whose members are free-living saprophytes or parasites of plants. Ova are sometimes found in human feces after ingestion of infected plants.

DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.

A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain physalin and withangulatin.

Proteins that form the CAPSID of VIRUSES.

A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria often surrounded by a protein microcapsular layer and slime layer. The natural cycle of its organisms generally involves a vertebrate and an invertebrate host. Species of the genus are the etiological agents of human diseases, such as typhus.

Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

A species of the Beta genus. Cultivars are used as a source of beets (root) or chard (leaves).

The use of wings or wing-like appendages to remain aloft and move through the air.

The science dealing with the earth and its life, especially the description of land, sea, and air and the distribution of plant and animal life, including humanity and human industries with reference to the mutual relations of these elements. (From Webster, 3d ed)

A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that causes vascular wilts on a wide range of plant species. It was formerly named Erwinia chrysanthemi.

Changes in biological features that help an organism cope with its ENVIRONMENT. These changes include physiological (ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL), phenotypic and genetic changes.

A plant genus in the family ROSACEAE, order Rosales, subclass Rosidae. It is best known as a source of the edible fruit (apple) and is cultivated in temperate climates worldwide.

Differential and non-random reproduction of different genotypes, operating to alter the gene frequencies within a population.

An excessive number of individuals, human or animal, in relation to available space.

A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain SOLANACEOUS ALKALOIDS. Some species in this genus are called deadly nightshade which is also a common name for ATROPA BELLADONNA.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).

The immediate physical zone surrounding plant roots that include the plant roots. It is an area of intense and complex biological activity involving plants, microorganisms, other soil organisms, and the soil.

The pattern of GENE EXPRESSION at the level of genetic transcription in a specific organism or under specific circumstances in specific cells.

Plants or plant parts which are harmful to man or other animals.

The change in gene frequency in a population due to migration of gametes or individuals (ANIMAL MIGRATION) across population barriers. In contrast, in GENETIC DRIFT the cause of gene frequency changes are not a result of population or gamete movement.

New device and method for capture, reverse transcription and nested PCR in a single closed-tube. (1/795)

A device and improved method based on the use of a compartmentalized Eppendorf tube that allows capture, reverse transcription and nested-PCR in a single closed-tube has been developed and patented. The main advantages of the system are the high sensitivity obtained, the simplicity, the low risk of contamination and the easy establishment of adequate conditions for nested-PCR. The method has been successfully applied to the detection and characterization of citrus tristeza closterovirus and plum pox potyvirus isolates in plant tissues and single aphids squashed on paper. This device and methodology could be easily adapted to the detection of other targets. (+info)

The haplotype distribution of two genes of citrus tristeza virus is altered after host change or aphid transmission. (2/795)

Genetic variability of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) was studied using the haplotypes detected by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of genes p18 and p20 in six virus populations of two origins. The Spanish group included a CTV isolate and subisolates obtained by graft-transmission to different host species. The other included two subisolates aphid-transmitted from a single Japanese isolate. The homozygosity observed for gene p20 was always significantly higher than that expected under neutral evolution, whereas only three populations showed high homozygosity for p18, suggesting stronger host constraints for p20 than for p18. Sequential transmissions of a Spanish isolate to new host species increased the difference between its population and that of the successive subisolates for gene p18, as estimated by the F statistic. Analysis of molecular variance indicated that variation between both groups of populations was not statistically significant, whereas variations between populations of the same group or within populations were significant for both genes studied. Our data indicate that selection affects the haplotype distribution and that adaptation to a new host can be as important or more as the geographical origin. Variation of the CTV populations after host change or aphid transmission may explain in part the wide biological variability observed among CTV isolates. (+info)

A GroEL homologue from endosymbiotic bacteria of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci is implicated in the circulative transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. (3/795)

Evidence for the involvement of a Bemisia tabaci GroEL homologue in the transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus (TYLCV) is presented. A approximately 63-kDa protein was identified in B. tabaci whole-body extracts using an antiserum raised against aphid Buchnera GroEL. The GroEL homologue was immunolocalized to a coccoid-shaped whitefly endosymbiont. The 30 N-terminal amino acids of the whitefly GroEL homologue showed 80% homology with that from different aphid species and GroEL from Escherichia coli. Purified GroEL from B. tabaci exhibited ultrastructural similarities to that of the endosymbiont from aphids and E. coli. In vitro ligand assays showed that tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) particles displayed a specific affinity for the B. tabaci 63-kDa GroEL homologue. Feeding whiteflies anti-Buchnera GroEL antiserum before the acquisition of virions reduced TYLCV transmission to tomato test plants by >80%. In the haemolymph of these whiteflies, TYLCV DNA was reduced to amounts below the threshold of detection by Southern blot hybridization. Active antibodies were recovered from the insect haemolymph suggesting that by complexing the GoEL homologue, the antibody disturbed interaction with TYLCV, leading to degradation of the virus. We propose that GroEL of B. tabaci protects the virus from destruction during its passage through the haemolymph. (+info)

Relationship between amount of esterase and gene copy number in insecticide-resistant Myzus persicae (Sulzer). (4/795)

Overproduction of the insecticide-degrading esterases, E4 and FE4, in peach-potato aphids, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), depends on both gene amplification and transcriptional control, the latter being associated with changes in DNA methylation. The structure and function of the aphid esterase genes have been studied but the determination of their copy number has proved difficult, a common problem with gene amplification. We have now used a combination of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and quantitative competitive PCR to determine relative esterase gene copy numbers in aphid clones with different levels of insecticide resistance (R1, R2 and R3). There are approx. 4-fold increases between susceptible, R1, R2 and R3 aphids, reaching a maximum of approx. 80 times more genes in R3; this gives proportionate increases in esterase protein relative to susceptible aphids. Thus there is no overexpression of the amplified genes, in contrast with what was thought previously. For E4 genes, the loss of 5-methylcytosine is correlated with a loss of expression, greatly decreasing the amount of enzyme relative to the copy number. (+info)

Evidence for genetic drift in endosymbionts (Buchnera): analyses of protein-coding genes. (5/795)

Buchnera, the bacterial endosymbionts of aphids, undergo severe population bottlenecks during maternal transmission through their hosts. Previous studies suggest an increased effect of drift within these strictly asexual, small populations, resulting in an increased fixation of slightly deleterious mutations. This study further explores sequence evolution in Buchnera using three approaches. First, patterns of codon usage were compared across several homologous Escherichia coli and Buchnera loci, in order to test the prediction that selection for the use of optimal codons is less effective in small populations. A chi 2-based measure of codon bias was developed to adjust for the overall A + T richness of silent positions in the endosymbionts. In contrast to E. coli homologues, adaptive codon bias across Buchnera loci is markedly low, and patterns of codon usage lack a strong relationship with gene expression level. These data suggest that codon usage in Buchnera has been shaped largely by mutational pressure and drift rather than by selection for translational efficiency. One exception to the overall lack of bias is groEL, which is known to be constitutively overexpressed in Buchnera and other endosymbionts. Second, relative-rate tests show elevated rates of sequence evolution of numerous protein-coding loci across Buchnera, compared to E. coli. Finally, consistently higher ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions in Buchnera loci relative to the enteric bacteria strongly suggest the accumulation of nonsynonymous substitutions in endosymbiont lineages. Combined, these results suggest a decreased effectiveness of purifying selection in purging endosymbiont populations of slightly deleterious mutations, particularly those affecting codon usage and amino acid identity. (+info)

Self-association and mapping of interaction domains of helper component-proteinase of potato A potyvirus. (6/795)

Potyviral helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) is a multifunctional protein involved in aphid transmission, long-distance movement, polyprotein processing, genome amplification and symptom expression. It has been proposed that the active form of HC-Pro is a dimer and that coat protein (CP)-HC-Pro interaction is required for aphid transmission. To test these proposed interactions between CP and HC-Pro of potato A potyvirus (PVA), the yeast two-hybrid system was used. HC-Pro was shown to interact with itself in vivo in yeast cells, as did CP. Taken together with previous observations, we conclude that the functional HC-Pro is a homodimer. Deletion analysis showed that a 24 aa domain in the N-terminal half and the C-terminal proteinase part of HC-Pro were required for the interaction between HC-Pro molecules. No interactions were found between HC-Pro and CP using the genes of aphid-transmissible as well as aphid non-transmissible strains of PVA. (+info)

Phosphocarrier proteins in an intracellular symbiotic bacterium of aphids. (7/795)

A GroEL homolog produced by Buchnera, an intracellular symbiotic bacterium of aphids, is not only a molecular chaperone but also a novel phosphocarrier protein, suggesting that this protein plays a role in a signal transducing system specific to bacteria living in an intracellular environment. This prompted us to look into phosphocarrier proteins of Buchnera that may be shared in common with other bacteria. As a result, no evidence was obtained for the presence of sensor kinases of the two-component system in Buchnera, which are found in many bacteria. It is possible that the lack of sensor kinases is compensated for by the mulitifunctional GroEL homolog in this symbiotic bacteria. In contrast, we successfully identified three phosphotransferase system genes, ptsH, ptsI, and crr in Buchnera, and provide evidence for their active expression. While the deduced amino acid sequences of these gene products, histidine-containing phosphocarrier protein, Enzyme I, and Enzyme III were similar to their counterparts in Escherichia coli, the predicted isoelectric points of the Buchnera proteins were strikingly higher. It was also suggested that Buchnera Enzyme I, when produced in E. coli, is able to accept the phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate, but not from ATP. (+info)

Sex-specific organisation of middle repetitive DNA sequences in the mealybug Planococcus lilacinus. (8/795)

Differential organisation of homologous chromosomes is related to both sex determination and genomic imprinting in coccid insects, the mealybugs. We report here the identification of two middle repetitive sequences that are differentially organised between the two sexes and also within the same diploid nucleus. These two sequences form a part of the male-specific nuclease-resistant chromatin (NRC) fraction of a mealybug Planococcus lilacinus. To understand the phenomenon of differential organisation we have analysed the components of NRC by cloning the DNA sequences present, deciphering their primary sequence, nucleosomal organisation, genomic distri-bution and cytological localisation. Our observations suggest that the middle repetitive sequences within NRC are functionally significant and we discuss their probable involvement in male-specific chromatin organisation. (+info)

Aphids are a feminist art collective from Melbourne, Australia comprising Lara Thoms, Mish Grigor and Eugenia Lim. Since its ... "Monster Theatres - APHIDS - Howl". AGSA - The Art Gallery of South Australia. Retrieved 2021-03-06. "The Director". Arts House ... Based at the Collingwood Arts Precinct and known for their experimental feminist performance art, Aphids are a leading ... "Aphids appoints new feminist co-directorship of Eugenia Lim, Mish Grigor and Lara Thoms". Zilla & Brook. 2018-09-18. Retrieved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphids_(performance_artists)

... melon or cotton aphid Aphis nerii, oleander aphid Hyadaphis coriandri, coriander aphid Longistigma caryae, giant bark aphid ... "Aphid Species File - Aphidomorpha". Université de Montréal. aphid.speciesfile.org. Aphid Species File. Montreal, Canada: Aphid ... Aphids of the round morph cause the ants to farm them, as with many other aphids. The flat morph aphids are aggressive mimics ... Aphids brush against the microscopic spores. These stick to the aphid, germinate, and penetrate the aphid's skin. The fungus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphid

... pear root aphid Eriosoma sorbiradicis Danielsson, 1979 Eriosoma ulmi (L., 1879) - elm-currant aphid "Eriosoma Leach, 1818". www ... Species: Eriosoma alabastrum Eriosoma americanum (C.V.Riley, 1879) - woolly elm aphid Eriosoma anncharlotteae Danielsson, 1979 ... Eriosoma flavum Jancke, 1930 Eriosoma grossulariae (Schüle, 1887) Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausemann, 1802) - woolly apple aphid ... aphid), Taxa named by William Elford Leach). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eriosoma_(aphid)

Trama is a genus of aphids, in the order Hemiptera. They are noted for their lack of sexual reproduction. Trama afghanica ... doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1953.tb01243.x. Narzikulov, M. N. (1973). "Palearctic aphids of the genus Trama Heyden, 1837 (Homoptera ... "High diversity of structurally heterozygous karyotypes and rDNA arrays in parthenogenetic aphids of the genus Trama (Aphididae ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trama_(aphid)

Chaetosiphon is a bug genus in the family Aphididae. Species, mainly C. fragaefolii, C. thomasi and C. thomasi jacobi, are vectors of the strawberry mild yellow-edge virus.[citation needed] Wikispecies has information related to Chaetosiphon. discoverlife.org "Chaetosiphon" at the Encyclopedia of Life v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles lacking sources from May 2014, All articles lacking sources, Articles with 'species' microformats, All articles with unsourced statements, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2014, Sternorrhyncha genera, Macrosiphini, All stub articles, Aphididae stubs ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaetosiphon_(aphid)

When soybean aphids are plentiful, an adult multicolored Asian lady beetle has the capacity to consume 160 soybean aphids per ... Soybean Aphid at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Soybean Aphid at Iowa State University (CS1 maint: multiple names: ... These winged soybean aphids begin the spring migration to their secondary host, soybean. Soybean aphids go through ... Soybean aphids may indirectly affect plant health through viral transmission. Viruses spread by soybean aphids are typically ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soybean_aphid

Pineus is a genus of aphids in the family Adelgidae. There are more than 20 described species in Pineus. These 29 species ... Favret, Colin (2019). "genus Pineus Shimer, 1869". Aphid species file online, Version 5.0. Retrieved 2019-05-03. Media related ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineus_(aphid)

An aphid is a type of sap-feeding insect. Aphid may also refer to: Molniya R-60 or Aphid, a Soviet/Russian air-to-air missile ... New York This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Aphid. If an internal link led you here, you may ... Lake Storm "Aphid", a 2006 snowstorm in Buffalo, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphid_(disambiguation)

... slendemics.net/easl/invertibrates/aphids/aphids.html (Articles with short description, Short description is different from ... About 4500 species with 500 genera are described in aphids. Out of them, Sri Lanka comprises 74 species in 46 genera and 6 ... 2 endemic aphid species found on Sri Lanka. Subfamily: Aphidinae Acyrthosiphon gossypii Acyrthosiphon kondoi Acyrthosiphon ... The following list provide the aphid fauna of Sri Lanka. Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Hemiptera Superfamily: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_aphids_of_Sri_Lanka

"Beet leaf aphid, Bean aphid, Black bean aphid". HYPP Zoology. Archived from the original on 2018-05-19. Retrieved 2013-01-02. " ... The black bean aphid is a major pest of sugar beet, bean, and celery crops, with large numbers of aphids cause stunting of the ... The black bean aphid may have originated in Europe and Asia, but it is now one of the most widely distributed species of aphids ... These aphids are also the vectors of about 30 plant viruses, mostly of the nonpersistent variety. The aphids may not be the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_bean_aphid

As with other aphids, honeydew may be found on infected leaves, excreted by the aphids after feeding on the plant's sap. Erica ... The woolly elm aphid (Eriosoma americanum) is an aphid native to North America, found where Saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia) ... The aphid feeds on the Saskatoon elm in late spring through fall, and the American elm during both early spring and late fall. ... aphid), Hemiptera of North America, Insects described in 1879, All stub articles, Aphididae stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woolly_elm_aphid

On that day, the NWS Buffalo dubbed the storm "Lake Storm Aphid", in accordance with their naming scheme for lake-effect storms ... It was called Lake Storm Aphid by the National Weather Service office in Buffalo, in accordance with their naming scheme for ... Retrieved 2006-10-25.[dead link] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lake Storm Aphid. National Weather Service Forecast ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Storm_Aphid

... gleaning honeydew beneath aphid feeding areas at beech trees and tending aphids at the cypress tree sites. The aphids do not ... The aphids can be blasted off with a jet of water or can be controlled with any insecticides labeled for aphids. A wetting ... Many aphids performing this action at the same time has led to this species being referred to as the "Boogie-Woogie Aphid". ... UMass: The Beech Blight Aphid Tom Volk's Fungus of the Month Bugguide.net UMass Blight Information Dancing Aphids, by biologist ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beech_blight_aphid

The aphid also causes reduction in biomass of the whole plant. However, once the aphid is removed the plant quickly recovers ... Aphid infestation on wheat also affects the flour that is made from infested wheat plants. Aphid feeding in wheat results in ... The Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) is an aphid that can cause significant losses in cereal crops. The species was ... There is an appendage above the cauda giving the aphid the appearance of having two tails. The saliva of this aphid is toxic to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_wheat_aphid

"Biting the Plant that Feeds You" Article on gall-forming aphids Species Hormaphis hamamelidis - Witch Hazel Cone Gall Aphid v t ... The witch-hazel cone gall aphid (Hormaphis hamamelidis) is a minuscule insect, a member of the aphid superfamily, whose ... As the leaf grows, the aphid injects it with a substance, possibly an enzyme or hormone, that causes that the galls to form ... This gall, rich in nutrients, provides both food and shelter for the female aphid. The host plant is witchhazel (Hamamelis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witch-hazel_cone_gall_aphid

One example of this is aphids which can engage in heterogony. In this system, females are born pregnant and produce only female ... However, some aphid species are obligate parthenotes. In obligate parthenogenesis, females only reproduce asexually. One ... Parthenogenesis occurs in the wild in many invertebrates (e.g. water fleas, rotifers, aphids, stick insects, some ants, bees ... Stern, David L. (24 June 2008). "Aphids". Current Biology. 18 (12): R504-R505. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.03.034. ISSN 0960-9822. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asexual_reproduction

Aphids: insect pest that sucks sap from plant tissue, excreting a substance called honeydew, which invites other fungal disease ... "Aphids". www.aos.org. Retrieved 2017-04-21. "Thrips". www.aos.org. Retrieved 2017-04-21. "Mites". www.aos.org. Retrieved 2017- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalaenopsis_bellina

2. Aphids; their biology, natural enemies and control, PART B (Eds. A. K. Minks and P. Harrewijn). Elsevier, Amsterdam". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anastrepha_suspensa

Aphid species file v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with 'species ... Sorensen, J.T. (2009). "Aphids". In Resh, Vincent H.; Cardé, R.T. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Insects (2 ed.). Academic Press. pp. ... Szwedo, Jacek; Nel, André (2011-12-01). "The Oldest Aphid Insect from the Middle Triassic of the Vosges, France". Acta ... Aphidomorpha is an infraorder within the insect order Sternorrhyncha which includes the aphids and their allies in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphidomorpha

"Corn Leaf Aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis)". Utah State University Extension Service. Archived from the original on November 6, ... "Aphids". Utah State University Extension Services. Archived from the original on November 6, 2018. Retrieved May 22, 2017. " ... "Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae)". Utah State University Extension Services. Archived from the original on November 6, ... Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) Green stink bug (Chinavia hilaris) Ichneumon wasp (Megarhyssa spp.) Jerusalem cricket ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fauna_of_Utah

... , commonly known as bamboo aphids, is a genus of aphids belonging to the family Aphididae. The genus contains 7 ... "Bamboo aphids". Influential Points. Retrieved 3 April 2018. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is ... Aphid Species File (Version 5.0/5.0). Retrieved 3 April 2018. Lee, Y.; Lee, S. (2018). "A review of the genus Takecallis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takecallis

and aphids. The fossil was recovered from outcrops of the Las Peñosas Formation in Rábago, part of the Cantabria autonomous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necroraphidia

Aphids and Coccids.)". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 13 (2): 142-151. doi:10.1093/aesa/13.2.142. ISSN 0013- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrutalis_calva

... cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora), cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii), milkweed aphid (Aphis nerii), spirea aphid (Aphis spiraecola), ... turnip aphid (Lipaphis pseudobrassicae), Macrosiphoniella yomogifoliae, potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae), rose aphid ( ... Among those insects hunted include many species of aphids, including the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), Aphis affinis, ... leafcurling plum aphid (Brachycaudus helichrysi), cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae), Cervaphis quercus, Cervaphis rappardi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccinella_transversalis

The green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) is the primary vector of PLRV. Aphids acquire the virus by feeding on infected plants. ... Aphids can also spread PLRV to tubers in storage, especially after they sprout. Winged aphids can be carried several hundred ... It can be spread by several aphid species that colonize potato, with the green peach aphid being the most efficient. The insect ... Since virus takes several hours to be transmitted by aphids systemic insecticides are utilized and the aphid dies before it can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potato_leafroll_virus

Pests include aphids. Phytochemical profiling showed antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities in extracts from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senecio_angulatus

In aphids, a generation sexually conceived by a male and a female produces only females. The reason for this is the non-random ... Examples include several aphid species and the willow sawfly, Nematus oligospilus, which is sexual in its native Holarctic ... Examples include aphids. Parthenogenesis involving meiosis is more complicated. In some cases, the offspring are haploid (e.g ... In the case of aphids, parthenogenetically produced males and females are clones of their mother except that the males lack one ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthenogenesis

Plant lice Aphids. Leafminer Liriomyza trifolii. Greenhouse whiteflies Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Bemisia tabaci. Thrips ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerbera_jamesonii

"Aphids, M, Macrosiphoniella". Aphids on the World's Plants. Retrieved May 19, 2020. Bisby F.A.; Roskov Y.R.; Orrell T.M.; ... AphidSF: Aphid Species File. Favret C., 2010-04-14 v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from ... Macrosiphoniella sibirica is an aphid found on stems and inflorescences of Artemisia (mugwort) in western Siberia and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrosiphoniella_sibirica

... , the pink tansy aphid, is an aphid of the family Aphididae. The species was first described by H.L.G. ... Compared to other aphids ants prefer collecting honeydew from Metopeurum fuscoviride. Large colonies often get destroyed by ... Hoffmann, Klaus; Fischer, Melanie; Völkl, Wolfgang; Lorenz, Matthias W. (December 2003). "Of Aphids and Ants". German Research ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metopeurum_fuscoviride

Aphids, it seems, find security among the corpses of their peers.. Aphids, like almost all insects, are the targets of ... On hatching, the wasp grubs use the aphid as a living larder and eat their way out, leaving behind a mummified aphid-shaped ... he found that they abandoned plants with 5 mummies and 10 healthy aphids more quickly than those with just 10 healthy aphids. ... The aphids meanwhile do a simple risk assessment and conclude that its better to hide among the bodies of former peers than to ...

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/aphids-hide-from-parasitic-wasps-among-the-corpses-of-their-peers

Soybean Aphid. The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) is a soft bodied insect, light green to pale yellow, less than 1/16th inch ... Figure 39: Soybean aphid Once on soybeans, multiple generations of wingless female aphids are produced until late summer and ... With severe infections later in the growing season, aphids can be found feeding on all plant parts. The soybean aphid is the ... There are also some varieties that reduce soybean aphid reproduction and creates an overall unhealthy aphid. ...

https://cropwatch.unl.edu/soybean-management/insects

Weather can also affect aphids. Both cold and hot temperatures will diminish the aphid population. Thats why you see them ... When considering application of pesticides for aphid control, remember that moderate populations of aphids attacking leaves of ... Master Gardener: Aphids Share this:. *Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) ... Only the aphids directly hit with the spray will be killed. You will not be spraying the lady beetles and other predators so ...

https://www.mercurynews.com/2011/04/04/master-gardener-aphids/

... the clonal offspring of pea aphids turn to an alternative source of nutrition: parents and other adults ... Pea aphids are a major pest, damaging important crops like alfalfa, broad beans and - obviously - peas. Like many aphids, they ... Aphids on the more desiccated plants were more likely to resort to cannibalism than aphids on well-watered plants, suggesting ... "These symbionts are almost part of the aphid," says Leather.. Tiny green vampires. The pea aphids seem to be perfectly suited ...

https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn24513-zoologger-baby-vampire-aphids-drink-parents-blood/

Aphid definition, any of numerous tiny soft-bodied insects of the family Aphididae of worldwide distribution, that suck the sap ... Words nearby aphid. apheliotropism, aphemia, apheresis, aphesis, aphetic, aphid, aphid lion, aphis, aphonia, aphonic, aphorism ... Derived forms of aphid. aphidian (əˈfɪdɪən), adjective, nounaphidious, adjective. Word Origin for aphid. C19: back formation ... When a mite or aphid munches on the plant, the volatile may be released to attract insects that will eat the mites or aphids. ...

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/aphid

The sugarcane aphid is a new pest to the sorghum industry. Early detection and tolerant sorghum hybrids are the best defense. ... Part of that is selecting a hybrid from the get-go that is aphid-tolerant, gives you that extra time and a non-preference, Id ... The aphids invade sorghum plants when theyre flowering. They secrete honeydew onto the plant which makes the plant sticky. The ... Bevel says counting 50 aphids per leaf on 30% of your crop is when you need to think about spraying. The good news is, theres ...

https://www.agriculture.com/podcast/successful-farming-radio-podcast/sugarcane-aphids

Field Release of Aphelinus glycinis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) for Biological Control of the Soybean Aphid, Aphis glycines ( ... Field Release of Aphelinus rhamni (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) for Biological Control of the Soybean Aphid, Aphis glycines ( ...

https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/planthealth/plant-pest-and-disease-programs/ea/CT_Soybean_aphid/

And fossil aphids, including those exquisitely preserved in amber, are recognizable as aphids. Aphids have always been aphids. ... Aphids: A Change for the Better. Consider the lowly aphid and how it points to its Creator. by Jeffrey P. Tomkins on January 1 ... Consider the lowly aphid-an insect so small that most of us dont even notice it exists. ... Evolution doesnt even offer an explanation for how the original aphids came about. They show up abruptly in the fossil record ...

https://answersingenesis.org/creepy-crawlies/insects/change-better/

https://www.ent.iastate.edu/soybeanresearch/content/soybean-aphids-are-found-young-soybean

Search results for "aphids/". No Results Found. The page you requested could not be found. Try refining your search, or use the ...

https://texashighways.com/?s=aphids/

Aphids. Small aphid populations are generally not serious. Aphids can, on rare occasions, be a vector for viruses, but in a ... Aphid predators always appear on the garden scene after the arrival of the aphids. Pesticides either kill the predators (along ... Most pesticides sold for killing aphids are very effective; unfortunately, they not only kill the aphids, but many of the ... Wash aphids off with a stream of water.. *Increase the garden biodiversity to provide sources of pollen and nectar for the ...

https://www.lotusland.org/greengarden/managing-plants-and-pests/aphids/

This Product Controls These Pests or Diseases: Soft-bodied insects and mites, such as Aphids (Aphidoidea), Whiteflies ( ...

https://www.arbico-organics.com/product/eco-1-40-insecticide-fungicide/pest-solver-guide-aphids

Learn how to control aphids using beneficial insects. Well show you how we do it in the Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden ... How to control aphids. Once we release the parasitic wasps into the Conservatory, they seek out aphids and lay eggs inside of ... Once the wasp is fully developed, they hatch out of the aphid mummy ready to seek out more aphids to repeat the cycle. This ... The red circle shows an aphid mummy or an aphid that has been parasitized by our parasitic wasp. The blue circle shows an empty ...

https://www.lewisginter.org/control-aphids/

We share her tips of getting rid of aphids in your organic vegetable garden! ... In this video, Tricia shares her tips of getting rid of aphids in your organic vegetable garden! ...

https://www.groworganic.com/blogs/videos/getting-rid-of-aphids

Tag: Aphids * Finished, but not yet free. Words by Samantha Ward & Marianne Coquilleau Illustrations by Marianne Coquilleau ... symbionts for agricultural pest control PEARG is researching ways to control important agricultural pests such as aphids and ...

https://blogs.unimelb.edu.au/pearg/tag/aphids/

The boogie-woogie aphid is nicknamed for an unusual defense mechanism. ... The boogie-woogie aphid-or the beech blight aphid (Grylloprociphilus imbricator), as its known officially-was the subject of a ... According to Newsweek, the aphids only put on a show in response to perceived threats. When they sense an influx of carbon ... But few monikers are as appropriate-or delightful-as that of the boogie-woogie aphid. These tiny critters are nicknamed for an ...

https://www.mentalfloss.com/posts/watch-boogie-woogie-aphids-dance

These two homemade organic sprays have a proven track record of effectiveness when it comes to getting rid of aphids. ... In the case of fighting aphids, or plant lice, two homemade sprays have proven very effective: tomato leaf spray or garlic oil ... By suspending the alkaloids in water, they make an easy-to-use spray that is toxic to aphids, but still safe around plants and ... Garlic oil can be harmful to beneficial insects such as ladybugs, which are natural predators of aphids. It is best to keep as ...

https://www.thespruce.com/homemade-sprays-for-fighting-aphids-2539831

Different biological pest control solutions are available to control aphids. ... aphids can inflict various types of damage to cultivation crops. Learn more about their life cycle and damage symptoms. ... Aphid control videos. Take a look at the video or go to our Youtube channel to see our aphid control products in action. ... The most significant aphids that occur in greenhouses are: *Myzus persicae subsp. persicae (peach potato aphid) and Myzus ...

https://www.koppert.com/challenges/pest-control/aphids/

The genome of the pea aphid shows remarkable levels of gene duplication and equally remarkable gene absences that shed light on ... aspects of aphid biology, most especially its symbiosis with Buchnera. ...

https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1000313

Three species of aphids colonize grain sorghum in Louisiana - corn leaf aphid, yellow sugarcane aphid and green bug. ... The corn leaf aphid is blue to grayish green in color with black cornicles (twin exhaust pipes on rear of the body). Corn leaf ... The yellow sugarcane aphid has a lemon yellow body with a double row of dark spots down the back and is covered with small ... Yellow sugarcane aphids will occasionally infest grain sorghum and can cause an issue due to the injection of a toxin when ...

https://www.lsuagcenter.com/profiles/truffin/articles/page1567628857895

... a team of Drexel University scientists examined the biological variations in pea aphids, insects that reproduce frequently ... "In the lab, we initially thought the aphids with the endosymbiont would be worse off than the aphids that did not have the ... This concept, that aphids with Hamiltonella endosymbionts were worse off than those without them in the absence of the wasps, ... Defense Mechanisms in Aphids Can Become a Double-edged Sword, Sharpened by the Seasons. April 20, 2021 ...

https://drexel.edu/news/archive/2021/April/aphid-symbiotic-bacteria-evolution

Aphids (Aphididae) » Neophyllaphidinae » Neophyllaphis » Podocarpus Aphid (Neophyllaphis podocarpi) ... Aphids I believe.. - Neophyllaphis podocarpi. Altamonte Springs, Seminole County, Florida, USA. November 18, 2008. Size: teeny ... Home » Guide » Arthropods (Arthropoda) » Hexapods (Hexapoda) » Insects (Insecta) » True Bugs, Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids and ... The bush looks like Podocarpus, and the aphid looks like Neophyllaphis podocarpi. ...

https://bugguide.net/node/view/240648

Aug 4, 2020 @ 10: ...

https://news.xbox.com/en-us/2021/06/24/mighty-aphid-is-now-available-for-xbox-one-and-xbox-series-xs/mighty-aphid/

With your support Flux Projects is helping artists transform public spaces ...

https://fluxprojects.org/productions/sound-cloud-forest/aphid_large4/

Aphids infesting winter wheat in Michigan DOWNLOAD FILE November 7, 2016 Author: Christina DiFonzo ...

https://www.canr.msu.edu/resources/aphids-infesting-winter-wheat-in-michigan

APHIDS REEL MUSIC FESTIVAL & AUSTRALIAN CENTRE FOR THE MOVING IMAGE. APHIDS REEL MUSIC FESTIVAL. A DYNAMIC NEW SERIES OF ... APHIDS in conjunction with ACMI presented the inaugural APHIDS Reel Music Festival, a new series of performance screenings ... APHIDS REEL MUSIC FESTIVAL PROGRAMME:. WEDNESDAY 25 JUNE, 7 PM. Chauvel Theatre, Cinema in Sydney:. Waiting to Turn Into ... APHIDS presents the Australian premiere and exclusive appearance of Tokyos d.v.d - two drummers and a video artist performing ...

https://aphids.net/projects/ghosts-before-breakfast/

Aphids are small sucking insects that secrete sticky honeydew on houseplants. ... Signs and symptoms of aphids on indoor plants. * Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects, of various colors, some may be covered ... If necessary, aphids may be controlled with an application of insecticidal soap labeled for indoor plants or a houseplant ...

https://extension.umd.edu/resource/aphids-indoor-plants

Aphids and Buchnera. What links here. Page:. Namespace:. all. (Main). Talk. User. User talk. Microbewiki. Microbewiki talk. ... Pages that link to "Aphids and Buchnera". From MicrobeWiki, the student-edited microbiology resource ... Retrieved from "https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Special:WhatLinksHere/Aphids_and_Buchnera" ...

https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Aphids_and_Buchnera&hideredirs=1

Aphids are slender, small insects that are green, brown, red, black or yellow in color, depending on the species. According to ... the University of California Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, in large numbers aphids can cause yellowing, ... Aphids are slender, small insects that are green, brown, red, black or yellow in color, depending on the species. According to ... Pay attention to spray the mixture onto the underside of the leaves, as this is where aphids commonly congregate. If the leaves ...

https://homeguides.sfgate.com/kill-aphids-orange-oil-75277.html

The sugarcane aphid arrived to the Valley in 2014. ... RGV Sorghum Growers on Alert for Aphid Bug 5 years 9 months 6 ... "Sugar aphids reproduce so quickly, especially with our heat down here… They need those heat units to reproduce so that they can ... The sugarcane aphid arrived to the Valley in 2014. Sorghum grower Mike England said its been his nemesis ever since. ... "When it comes to the Aphid, when it comes to biblical plagues, they are hard to battle," he said. "We had fields that we didnt ...

https://www.krgv.com/news/rgv-sorghum-growers-on-alert-for-aphid-bug

Aphids, like almost all insects, are the targets of parasitic wasps that implant eggs inside their bodies. (nationalgeographic.com)
Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that can be green, yellow, brown, red, or black depending on the species and the plants they feed on. (mercurynews.com)
It also suggests that pea aphids can tell the difference between their own clones and unrelated insects, which nobody thought they could do. (newscientist.com)
When a mite or aphid munches on the plant, the volatile may be released to attract insects that will eat the mites or aphid s. (dictionary.com)
Instead of chewing on plants as many insects do, aphids draw sap from leaves and stems through unique piercing, sucking mouthparts shaped like sophisticated hypodermic needles. (answersingenesis.org)
unfortunately, they not only kill the aphids, but many of the beneficial insects that feed on aphids as well. (lotusland.org)
Because of their resilience, the aphids, as well as other pest insects, are quick to repopulate the garden without interference from the beneficial insects, and pesticides use will have to be continued throughout the season. (lotusland.org)
A positive step toward aphid and other insect management is to increase garden biodiversity by planting plants that attract beneficial insects. (lotusland.org)
It is at the larval stage that most beneficial insects consume pest insects such as aphids. (lotusland.org)
Soft-bodied insects and mites, such as Aphids ( Aphidoidea ), Whiteflies ( Aleurothrixus floccosus ) and Two-Spotted Spider Mites ( Tetranychus urticae Koch). (arbico-organics.com)
Dealing with aphids and other plant-damaging insects, can seem overwhelming and a burden. (lewisginter.org)
Before applying either of the mixtures below, be sure the insects you are fighting are indeed aphids. (thespruce.com)
Aphids form a single, very large group of insects: the super- family Aphidoidea, belonging to the order Hemiptera. (koppert.com)
In a newly published study in Molecular Ecology a team of Drexel University scientists examined the biological variations in pea aphids, insects that reproduce frequently enough to evolve before our eyes, by tracing the prevalence of their protective endosymbiont, Hamiltonella defensa , which the insects use to ward off parasitoid wasps. (drexel.edu)
Like many insects, aphids play host to symbiotic bacteria - or endosymbionts - in their blood and internal tissues. (drexel.edu)
Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects, of various colors, some may be covered with fluffy white wax. (umd.edu)
So, who are these beneficial insects that can take care of entire aphid colonies without you having to spread insecticide all over your garden? (whatsthatbug.com)
Their larvae also feed on common pests like aphids, thrips, and smaller insects. (whatsthatbug.com)
Asian lady beetle preys on aphids along with other insects. (whatsthatbug.com)
Yes, several species of spiders eat aphids , along with other insects, including termites and flies. (whatsthatbug.com)
The insects inject saliva into leaf stalks, inducing the plant to form small growths called galls that the aphids live inside. (esa.org)
Aphids are hemipteran insects that adapt their reproductive mode to season variation. (biorxiv.org)
Aphids are sucking insects that are common on both outdoor and indoor plants. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Plants where there are aphids farmed by ants may appear to be overrun by insects. (gardeningknowhow.com)
These yellow sticky traps for aphids and whitefly also attract a broad spectrum of flying insects, including: thrips, leafhoppers, leafminers, and moths. (theaquaponicsource.com)
The honeydew that the ants crave is a sweet, sticky substance that is exuded from the anal end of aphids and certain other plant-sucking insects such as mealybugs, scale insects, whiteflies, and planthoppers. (colonialpest.com)
In some cases, an indoor ant problem can be controlled not by treating inside at all, but by controlling aphids or other plant-sucking insects on plants outside. (colonialpest.com)
Aphids are a favorite food of many birds and predatory insects. (radenpedia.com)
Aphids are an important food source for beneficial insects such as lady beetles (especially their larvae) and green lacewing larvae (see photo below). (radenpedia.com)
Since I don't have a house full of beneficial insects (as much as I love them when they are outside) the aphids quickly got out of control. (radenpedia.com)
It is among the favourite natural pest control option used for scale insects, aphids, mealybugs, spider mites, and other garden insects. (pestsupplycanada.ca)
Whiteflies are not true flies but are more closely related to scale insects, mealybugs, and aphids. (clemson.edu)
Biological controls, including a healthy population of ladybugs, are essential for naturally controlling aphids, spider mites, whiteflies and scale insects, including rose scale. (gardenguides.com)
This is often mistaken for tree sap but is, in fact, the sweet sticky secretion of certain insects, like aphids. (outwell.com)
Common garden pests, such as aphids, spider mites, mealybugs and scale insects can also feed on cactuses. (succulentsaddiction.com)

The economic threshold , or population infestation level where control measures are recommended, for late vegetative through R5 stage soybeans is 250 aphids per plant with 80% of the plants infested and populations increasing. (unl.edu)
If the infestation is small, you can j ust wipe the aphids away with a wet cloth. (thespruce.com)
Skip the pesticides and instead control an aphid infestation on your outdoor or houseplants with orange oil, which is extracted from the peels of oranges. (sfgate.com)
An unchecked aphid infestation can leave sooty mold on the leaves, which can cause a lot of damage to the plant. (whatsthatbug.com)
However, it's the larvae you should look to if you want to get rid of an aphid infestation. (whatsthatbug.com)
Anytime you see a large number of ants on a tree or plant, it is likely you have a large infestation of aphids. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Furthermore, we do offer Diatomaceous Earth as an organic and NON-GMO solution to killing your aphid infestation on any plant whether indoors or outdoors, in the ground or in a container. (earthworkshealth.com)
I sprayed a severe rosy woolly aphid infestation on my apple tree with a mixture of crushed garlic stepped in used cooking oil - left for 2 days in the fridge, then added to something like 1 part mixture to 10 or 20 parts water. (countryfarm-lifestyles.com)
Tomato plants are usually quite hardy and will not suffer any major damage unless a very large infestation of aphids is covering your plant. (pestsbanned.com)
In light cases of aphid infestation on roses, you can easily pick them off by hand then simply squish them to control aphid damage. (pestsupplycanada.ca)

The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) is a soft bodied insect, light green to pale yellow, less than 1/16th inch long. (unl.edu)
Aphis gossypii ( cotton aphid ), mainly on Cucurbitaceae, but also on chrysanthemums, and sweet pepper. (koppert.com)
Species encountered in greenhouses include green peach aphid ( Myzus persicae ), cotton or melon aphid ( Aphis gossypii ), potato aphid ( Macrosiphum euphorbiae ), foxglove aphid ( Aulacorthum solani ) and/or chrysanthemum aphid ( Macrosiphoniella sanborni ). (gpnmag.com)
The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii , was found to readily perceive and respond to two specific trail pheromonal components. (datadryad.org)

The large groups of aphids excrete a sticky fluid known as honeydew, which attracts sooty molds and ants. (mercurynews.com)
Ants will actually protect aphids from other insect predators and move them from plant to plant in order to harvest the honeydew. (mercurynews.com)
Aphids usually do not kill the plants they infest, but the damage they cause is unhealthy, the black molds living on honeydew are unsightly, and crop production can decrease due to heavy feeding. (mercurynews.com)
Look for a buildup of honeydew, sooty molds, ants crawling up into the plants, shed skins and globs of adult aphids clustered on the tender parts of the plants. (mercurynews.com)
Farmed aphids supposedly produce larger drops of honeydew and more offspring. (gardeningknowhow.com)
During feeding, aphids excrete honeydew, a clear, sticky liquid that serves as a growing medium for black sooty mold. (gpnmag.com)
The ants even stroke the aphids or "milk" their aphid cows with their antennae to stimulate them to produce more of the liquid which is called "honeydew. (colonialpest.com)
Problems with certain ants around buildings can often be traced to ants feeding on honeydew from aphids in nearby trees, shrubs, or on foundation plantings. (colonialpest.com)
Honeydew was spattered thickly on the floor of my conservatory and the plant was crawling with, infested with, aphids. (radenpedia.com)
It worked for a little bit longer, but I still ended up with lots of accumulated honeydew and lots of creepy, crawly aphids on my plant. (radenpedia.com)
After consuming the sap, aphids will excrete a sticky substance called honeydew which sticks to the plant's leaves. (pestsbanned.com)
Aphids also excrete honeydew, which is a sticky substance that attracts ants as well as other pests. (pestsupplycanada.ca)
Like aphids, whiteflies excrete honeydew, which makes leaves shiny and sticky and encourages the growth of sooty mold fungi. (clemson.edu)
Like aphids, soft scales excrete honeydew. (clemson.edu)
The most common leaf-feeding pest on basil, the aphid, damages the foliage as it sucks out sap and leaves behind a sticky honeydew that encourages mildew growth on the foliage. (sfgate.com)
Has anyone ever had some weird viral disease in a plant that gives the symptoms of aphid honeydew? (rv-orchidworks.com)

Phoenix palms can be susceptible to a few pests including spider mites, mealy bugs, aphids, whitefly and scale. (tree2mydoor.com)

Enquiries via [email protected] Project 1/4: Exploring bacterial symbionts for agricultural pest control PEARG is researching ways to control important agricultural pests such as aphids and mites that cause millions of dollars in damage to crops each year in Australia. (edu.au)
aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations. (bladmineerders.nl)
Included in this test, were allergens from aphids, mites, beetles, and mosquitoes, all producing a raised wheal at the site of their respective inoculations. (cdc.gov)

Hand-crush small populations of young aphids and whiteflies. (abisfoods.com)

Pea aphids are a major pest, damaging important crops like alfalfa, broad beans and - obviously - peas. (newscientist.com)
The aphids discussed here all belong to the family Aphididae, a family containing many species that cause damage in cultivated crops. (koppert.com)
nicotianae ( tobacco aphid ) on various vegetable and ornamental crops. (koppert.com)
Macrosiphum euphorbiae ( potato aphid ), mainly on Solanaceae and various ornamental crops. (koppert.com)
Aulacorthum solani ( glasshouse potato aphid ), mainly on Solanaceae and various ornamental crops, e.g. begonia. (koppert.com)
To supplement their aphid collection and endosymbiont screening, the field team studied a range of environmental variables within the same alfalfa fields, including the prevalence of Aphidius ervi , a parasitoid wasp introduced in the United States to control populations of the pea aphid, which was once a threat to crops, including alfalfa. (drexel.edu)
Aphids are major pests of most of the crops worldwide. (biorxiv.org)
Answer: Aphids are major insect pests of greenhouse-grown horticultural crops such as vegetables and ornamentals. (gpnmag.com)
Their high reproductive potential allows aphid populations to build up quickly on horticultural crops in greenhouses. (gpnmag.com)
All biological control agents must be released early in the production cycle before aphids establish on greenhouse-grown crops. (gpnmag.com)
This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Kavallieratos, Nickolas G. (2017): Identification key, diversity and host associations of parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of aphids attacking cereal crops in Egypt. (gbif.org)
Destroy infested crops immediately after harvest to prevent aphid dispersal. (pnwhandbooks.org)
Alginate beads that release semiochemical compounds are interesting biological control devices used to attract the natural enemies of aphids in infested crops. (ac.be)

Common insect pest of soybeans include soybean aphids, bean leaf beetles, two-spotted spider mite, Japanese beetle, stink bugs and dectes stem borer. (unl.edu)
As a general practice, control of corn leaf aphid is not recommended because this insect is seldom an economic pest. (lsuagcenter.com)
While most people recognize adult ladybugs as pest killers, larvae are more potent than even adult ladybugs since they can eat twice the amount of aphids at the same time. (whatsthatbug.com)
Click here to be directed to our Crawling Insect Pest Control Bundle to Save on Time and Money this gardening season on your aphid control! (earthworkshealth.com)
The main goal of this project is to obtain a better understanding of the aphid pest pressure, movement and distribution of the black bean aphid over the growing season through monitoring and networking techniques. (cornell.edu)
About 75% of our common pest ants have some association with aphids. (colonialpest.com)
Aphids are a garden and houseplant pest that will produce extensive damage to plants if left uncontrolled. (abisfoods.com)
Pest description and crop damage The green peach aphid is slender, dark green to yellow, and has no waxy bloom. (pnwhandbooks.org)
Aphids feed on carrot foliage, but they are a key pest because they can transmit diseases such as motley dwarf virus. (pnwhandbooks.org)
Wasps - A number of parasitic and predatory wasps are sold in batches for use as a biological pest control, including Aphidius colemani (aphid control), Muscidifurax zaraptor (fly control), Encarsia formosa (whitefly control), Diglyphus isaea (leafminer control) and Trichogramma (caterpillar and worm control). (saferbrand.com)

If you provide a source of the food, they will repay you by laying their eggs on aphid and other insect pests . (lotusland.org)
Once we release the parasitic wasps into the Conservatory, they seek out aphids and lay eggs inside of them. (lewisginter.org)
The wasps kill aphids by laying eggs inside them. (drexel.edu)
Damsel bugs can eat one aphid a day when they are young and up to a dozen eggs when they grow older. (whatsthatbug.com)
The ants will even move their aphid herd to more suitable host plants and find them safe places to hibernate where they will protect the aphids' eggs during the winter. (colonialpest.com)
But a couple of years ago, right around this time of year, the aphid eggs hatched. (radenpedia.com)
When I bring it in at the end of the season, I will apply horticultural oil to smother the aphid eggs. (radenpedia.com)
When removing aphids from your plants, make sure to check the underside of the leaves as they like to hide there as well as lay their eggs there. (pestsbanned.com)
An aphid will often lay eggs on a plant that will produce 40 to 60 larvae. (abisfoods.com)
Midges - The Aphidoletes aphidimyza , known commonly as the aphid predatory midge, will lay eggs near aphid colonies. (saferbrand.com)

Sorghum growers are battling sugarcane aphids. (agriculture.com)
He recommends planting sorghum hybrids with a higher level of tolerance to sugarcane aphid pressure. (agriculture.com)
The good news is, there's been a decrease in sugarcane aphids in the past couple of years. (agriculture.com)
Three species of aphids colonize grain sorghum in Louisiana - corn leaf aphid, yellow sugarcane aphid and green bug. (lsuagcenter.com)
The yellow sugarcane aphid has a lemon yellow body with a double row of dark spots down the back and is covered with small spines. (lsuagcenter.com)
Yellow sugarcane aphids will occasionally infest grain sorghum and can cause an issue due to the injection of a toxin when feeding. (lsuagcenter.com)
The sugarcane aphid arrived to the Valley in 2014. (krgv.com)
Danielle Sekula-Ortiz with Texas A&M AgriLife Extension said warm weather is a perfect breeding ground for the sugarcane aphid. (krgv.com)
Sugarcane aphids have wasted no time in making themselves at home and becoming firmly entrenched across the High Plains, prompting a change in some recommendations on treatment, experts from Texas A&M AgriLife Extension say. (no-tillfarmer.com)

Aphid predators always appear on the garden scene after the arrival of the aphids. (lotusland.org)
Pesticides either kill the predators (along with the aphids) or eliminate the predators' food source (the aphid). (lotusland.org)
Instead of an active insect ecology where the predators keep the aphid numbers low naturally, pesticide use disrupts the natural balance between friend and foe. (lotusland.org)
Effectiveness of the ant Crematogaster cerasi (Fitch) protective behavior toward aphids against predators. (umich.edu)
A researcher reports evidence of a gall-forming aphid defending itself against predators, a first for the species, Mordwilkoja vagabunda. (esa.org)
The aphids were recorded attacking their moth larvae predators, by clawing the larvae with their tarsi and using their syringe-like mouths to cut the predator's cuticle. (esa.org)
Ants protect the aphids from predators, such as lacewings and ladybugs . (gardeningknowhow.com)
In turn, the aphids are exposed to predators and their numbers will dwindle. (gardeningknowhow.com)
There are a number of biological control agents (e.g., parasitoids and predators) commercially available that can be purchased and released into greenhouses to manage aphid populations. (gpnmag.com)
In return, the ant farmers protect the aphids from predators and parasites. (colonialpest.com)
i.e., the presence of predators, parasites ( aphid mummies ) , and disease. (pnwhandbooks.org)
Many parasites and predators attack aphids. (pnwhandbooks.org)
Monitor the proportion of aphid mummies relative to unparasitized aphids and the numbers of predators such as lady beetles. (pnwhandbooks.org)
If the proportion of mummies is increasing, or predators appear to be gaining control, and aphid populations are not yet damaging, avoid sprays that will disrupt these natural enemies. (pnwhandbooks.org)
Lacewings - These helpful bugs, chrysoperla rufilabris , are highly active predators that gorge themselves on aphids during the adult portion of their life. (saferbrand.com)

The young aphids grow rapidly, molting their skins at least four times before reaching adulthood in seven to eight days. (mercurynews.com)
Young aphids were climbing onto the backs of adults, probing them with their mouthparts and then sucking blood out of them. (newscientist.com)
The young aphids were choosy about who they attacked. (newscientist.com)

Bevel says counting 50 aphids per leaf on 30% of your crop is when you need to think about spraying. (agriculture.com)
The corn leaf aphid is blue to grayish green in color with black cornicles (twin exhaust pipes on rear of the body). (lsuagcenter.com)
Corn leaf aphids are typically found in the whorl, and development occurs sporadically throughout the growing season. (lsuagcenter.com)
Sugar aphids reproduce so quickly, especially with our heat down here… They need those heat units to reproduce so that they can go from a population of five, 10, 20 and then in four days to about 500 per leaf," she said. (krgv.com)
They still have a small lovely green clump surrounded by lots of dead-leaf daylilies that were covered with aphids. (garden.org)
Aphids use piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on new growth and leaf undersides (Figure 2), withdrawing plant fluids from the food-conducting tissues. (gpnmag.com)
Feeding by aphids results in leaf yellowing, distorted leaves and plant stunting. (gpnmag.com)
Aphids feeding on leaf underside. (gpnmag.com)
Be sure to check new growth and leaf undersides where aphids tend to reside. (gpnmag.com)
These plants synthesized GNA at levels above 0.22% total soluble protein, and enhanced resistance to aphids was demonstrated by exposing the plants to corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch) under greenhouse conditions. (who.int)

soybean fields should be checked or scouted for soybean aphids every five to seven days. (unl.edu)

The soybean aphid is the only aphid currently known to colonize on soybean in the North America. (unl.edu)
The soybean aphid life cycle is complex with up to 18 generations a year. (unl.edu)
certain soybean varieties have genetic qualities that prevent them from being heavily damaged by the soybean aphid. (unl.edu)
There are also some varieties that reduce soybean aphid reproduction and creates an overall unhealthy aphid. (unl.edu)
Watch the video: Soybean Aphid Natural Enemies! (unl.edu)
WOOSTER, Ohio - The soybean aphid has just made an appearance in Ohio's soybean fields and growers should begin scouting their fields to monitor population levels. (farmanddairy.com)
This time last year we were finding thousands of soybean aphids on a single leaflet, so we are not exactly sure why they have not built up in numbers, at least not yet. (farmanddairy.com)
The presence of the soybean aphid marks the third year it has been found in Ohio, and each season has brought more questions rather than answers in the challenge to effectively control the insect. (farmanddairy.com)
Based on research conducted in other states experiencing soybean aphid problems, Hammond and his colleagues speculated that the best time to control the soybean aphid using insecticides was at flowering or immediately thereafter. (farmanddairy.com)
The soybean crop, however, is currently flowering with little or no feeding from soybean aphids and Hammond said he is at a loss to explain the low population levels. (farmanddairy.com)
The thing that growers must be aware of is that the soybean aphid is here and populations could increase at anytime. (farmanddairy.com)
Growers can best check for soybean aphids by scouting 20-30 locations throughout their fields and looking for the insect on the uppermost leaflets of the plants. (farmanddairy.com)
They can get a good feel of soybean aphid levels just by doing a quick walk-through. (farmanddairy.com)
The soybean aphid, the first known aphid to colonize soybeans, is a relatively new insect that has spread throughout the Midwest. (farmanddairy.com)
Researchers know little about the soybean aphid - what exactly is its over-wintering host, whether it's a vector for disease and why larger insect populations tend to be found in more northern states. (farmanddairy.com)
Some states reported an average six to eight bushel loss per acre last year due to soybean aphid feeding. (farmanddairy.com)
Aphid Speed Scout will make scouting for soybean aphids easier and faster, said Wayne Ohnesorg, UNL Extension educator in Madison County. (unl.edu)
Ohnesorg said he thought an app would help crop scouts better and more quickly scout for soybean aphids. (unl.edu)
Scouts go into a field, select a soybean plant at random and count the number of aphids on the plant. (unl.edu)
When finished, Aphid Speed Scout tells scouts whether to advise producers to treat for soybean aphids, to come back in seven to 10 days for another test, or to sample five more plants. (unl.edu)
Also, the first confirmation of soybean aphid in Iowa happened again this week. (iastate.edu)
It is typical to find aphids during early June in vegetative soybean, so listeners shouldn't be too concerned at this time. (iastate.edu)
Erin shared some updates on soybean aphid in Iowa. (iastate.edu)
In this mid-June episode, Matt and Erin start off by summarizing current soybean aphid activity around the state of Iowa. (iastate.edu)

Other ladybug species, including Cryptolaemus montrouzieri , are marketed for their ability to destroy mealybugs, aphids and soft scale populations. (saferbrand.com)

When Fievet placed female wasps in a glass cage with aphid-infested plants, he found that they abandoned plants with 5 mummies and 10 healthy aphids more quickly than those with just 10 healthy aphids. (nationalgeographic.com)
Conventional Method - Check 20 to 30 randomly selected plants for the presence of aphids in four to five areas in the field. (unl.edu)
When checking the plants, concentrate on checking the upper portion where aphids typically first colonize. (unl.edu)
Generally adult aphids are wingless but winged forms will occur in spring and fall or when population pressure builds up and they need to move to other plants in other areas. (mercurynews.com)
If your plants are thickly coated with aphids and you just can't hose them off, spray them thoroughly with horticultural oils, neem oils or insecticidal soaps. (mercurynews.com)
Female pea aphids produce squadrons of genetically identical offspring, which swarm rapidly on their host plants. (newscientist.com)
The pea aphids seem to be perfectly suited to a vegetarian lifestyle, but they don't restrict themselves to eating plants. (newscientist.com)
Aphids on the more desiccated plants were more likely to resort to cannibalism than aphids on well-watered plants, suggesting that cannibalism was a response to lack of food. (newscientist.com)
The aphids invade sorghum plants when they're flowering. (agriculture.com)
Before you try anything else, try simply rinsing the aphids off the leaves of affected plants. (thespruce.com)
Don't use a pressure washer, just a garden hose and nozzle with enough pressure to knock the aphids off the plants without damaging the foliage. (thespruce.com)
By suspending the alkaloids in water, they make an easy-to-use spray that is toxic to aphids, but still safe around plants and humans. (thespruce.com)
Aphids can be washed off the plants with water. (umd.edu)
If necessary, aphids may be controlled with an application of insecticidal soap labeled for indoor plants or a houseplant insecticide. (umd.edu)
According to the University of California Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, in large numbers aphids can cause yellowing, curling and the transmission of potentially deadly viruses to several ornamental plants and vegetables, including pumpkins, melons, cucumbers and lettuce. (sfgate.com)
There are always a few daylily plants (typically seedlings) that don't seem to be touched by the aphids. (garden.org)
I am wondering if there are genes in some of the cultivars that would indeed produce aphid resistant plants. (garden.org)
Becky, are all the plants actually DEAD from the aphids? (garden.org)
Aphids are sap suckers that destroy plants and vegetation. (whatsthatbug.com)
But nature has a balance to everything - and as aphids eat plants, there are those that eat them too. (whatsthatbug.com)
So, protecting your plants from the aphid population is very important. (whatsthatbug.com)
The good thing is that aphids can be removed from your garden naturally, without using chemicals on them, which, more or less, would affect your plants as well. (whatsthatbug.com)
Aphids and ants on plants are as interdependent as peanut butter and jelly. (gardeningknowhow.com)
It is a fascinating arrangement where aphids and ants on plants live in close cooperative proximity. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Plants with 30-100 aphids per leaflet should be treated. (farmanddairy.com)
If you are an avid gardener or farmer, you know full well what aphids can do to your plants. (earthworkshealth.com)
Without proper aphid control, untreated aphids can eat your plants in a matter of days to weeks. (earthworkshealth.com)
Aphids come in a variety of colors but all do the same, eat your plants! (earthworkshealth.com)
The presence of white molting skins on plants (Figure 3) indicates that you are dealing with an extensive population of aphids. (gpnmag.com)
Scouting for aphids involves inspecting plants, especially those susceptible to aphids, at least once per week during the growing season. (gpnmag.com)
Do not overfertilize plants with water-soluble, nitrogen-based fertilizers because overfertilizing plants encourages soft, succulent growth that is easy for aphids to penetrate with their mouthparts. (gpnmag.com)
Furthermore, young plants contain an abundance of essential amino acids, which are the components of proteins necessary for aphid reproduction and population growth. (gpnmag.com)
Weeds or undesirable plants located within the greenhouse and around the greenhouse perimeter should be removed because many weed species serve as hosts for aphids. (gpnmag.com)
Plants heavily infested with aphids should be disposed of immediately by placing them into refuse containers with tight-sealing lids or in garbage receptacles located outside the greenhouse. (gpnmag.com)
Systemic insecticides are applied preventatively, before aphids are present on plants, early in the production cycle. (gpnmag.com)
When ants are tending aphids on plants near a house, the ants may start to forage into the house as well. (colonialpest.com)
Look closely at other nearby plants for aphids (or put your son on it! (colonialpest.com)
Do Aphids Like Tomato Plants? (pestsbanned.com)
Aphids are not usually fussy about the plants they occupy. (pestsbanned.com)
There are very few plants that aphids do not like. (pestsbanned.com)
There are two main aphid varieties that you're most likely to find on tomato plants. (pestsbanned.com)
Will Aphids Live on Tomato Plants? (pestsbanned.com)
You can often find aphids occupying the space on tomato plants, they quite like them. (pestsbanned.com)
There are certain species of aphids that particularly love tomato plants, but it is possible for you to find almost any species of aphid living on your tomato plant. (pestsbanned.com)
Fed Up With Aphids Ruining Plants? (pestsbanned.com)
Which Aphids Can Be Found on Tomato Plants? (pestsbanned.com)
However, there are certain species of aphids that are fonder of tomato plants therefore, you are more likely to see them. (pestsbanned.com)
How Can You Remove Aphids From Tomato Plants? (pestsbanned.com)
In conclusion, aphids like tomato plants and will inhabit them. (pestsbanned.com)
The potato aphid and the green peach aphid are particularly big fans of tomato plants. (pestsbanned.com)
Treat all plants surfaces, upper and lower, thoroughly - and check for aphids hiding in curled, distorted leaves. (abisfoods.com)
Image Credit: Comstock/Comstock/Getty Images These plants technically grow as frost-tender perennials in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 10 through 11, … Spray all over the plant, and target aphid colonies to get rid of aphids permanently. (abisfoods.com)
Aphids can also transmit viruses between plants. (abisfoods.com)
Aphids like visiting plants and rose bushes yearly and can attack them easily. (pestsupplycanada.ca)
Certain species like the Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Potato aphid) or Macrosiphum rosae (Rose aphid) are known to attack flowering plants. (pestsupplycanada.ca)
For you to keep beautiful roses and other flowering plants, you must control aphids before it is too late. (pestsupplycanada.ca)
Do this for a couple of days to keep the aphids off the bushes or plants. (pestsupplycanada.ca)
The less nitrogen in the plants means it will less likely attract aphids. (pestsupplycanada.ca)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Enhancement of resistance to aphids by introducing the snowdrop lectin gene gna into maize plants. (who.int)
The toxicity of GNA-expressing plants to aphids has also been studied. (who.int)
The greenhouse contained a variety of plants used to study the transmission of viruses by aphid vectors. (cdc.gov)
Find out how to recognize and remove aphids from your plants! (smartiqer.com)

When considering application of pesticides for aphid control, remember that moderate populations of aphids attacking leaves of fruit trees or ornamental trees and shrubs do not cause long-term damage. (mercurynews.com)
Therefore, many individuals will use chemical pesticides to kill the aphid population but what they do not realize is the pesticide will be forever in the fruit of the plant. (earthworkshealth.com)
As you can see from the article on natural pesticides, there are other methods of killing woolly aphids. (countryfarm-lifestyles.com)

Tolerate small populations of aphids. (lotusland.org)

They placed individual grain aphids ( Sitobion avenae ) in cages, either alone or surrounded by mummies produced by the body-snatching wasp Aphidius rhopalosiphi . (nationalgeographic.com)

These are potato aphids and green peach aphids. (pestsbanned.com)
Populations of green peach aphids are reduced in winter by a parasitic fungus, Entomophthora aphidis. (pnwhandbooks.org)

This process is faster than sexual reproduction and allows aphid populations to grow quickly so they don't die out. (answersingenesis.org)

If the aphids have attracted ants, you must treat for the ants first. (mercurynews.com)
Are Aphids Farmed by Ants? (gardeningknowhow.com)
This sticky resin is a favorite food of ants, who actually "milk" the aphids for it by stroking their abdomen. (gardeningknowhow.com)
The relationship between aphids and ants is symbiotic in that both receive some benefit from the arrangement. (gardeningknowhow.com)
The unique relationship between these two organisms provides protection for the aphids and food for the ants. (gardeningknowhow.com)
How Do Aphids Help Ants? (gardeningknowhow.com)
Aphids feed the ants and docilely allow themselves to be moved if the ants require them to relocate. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Managing ants is one way of controlling the aphid population. (gardeningknowhow.com)
With less ants to defend them, aphid numbers will drop. (gardeningknowhow.com)
This catches the ants and prevents them from tending to the aphids. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Without aphids, the ants will be forced to move on for food. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Mutualisms, like the ones between ants and aphids, evolve and persist when benefits outweigh the costs from the interactions between the partners. (datadryad.org)
These findings reveal a novel mechanism by which ants and aphids both increase the benefits that they provide to each other, thereby likely enhancing the stability of their mutualistic relationship. (datadryad.org)
Readers will eat this book up, learning what aphids look like and how ants and aphids help each other live. (getepic.com)
Q. My 6 year old son pointed out all of the ants and aphids on the azaleas by our deck. (colonialpest.com)
The aphids don't seem to be bothered by the ants. (colonialpest.com)
He wanted to know why the ants don't eat the aphids. (colonialpest.com)
The ants don't bother the aphids because they have a very special mutually beneficial relationship that is both complicated and fascinating. (colonialpest.com)
The aphids excrete a sugary liquid which the ants feed on. (colonialpest.com)
Some aphid species even live inside the ants' colonies and are totally dependent on the ants. (colonialpest.com)
As a result of this beneficial relationship, populations of both the ants and the aphids can increase. (colonialpest.com)
Household ants can sometimes be tracked right back to the aphids outside. (colonialpest.com)
Conversely, controlling ants will also control aphids as they will lose their protective benefactors. (colonialpest.com)
One nonchemical way to keep ants from reaching the aphids in trees is to apply sticky tape barriers (available from your local plant nursery) around tree trunks. (colonialpest.com)

Squirting off the aphids in the mornings is guaranteed to give the ground beetles a hearty breakfast as they can catch the aphids when they fall on the ground. (mercurynews.com)
All lady beetles do not feed on all aphids, so you have to be sure which one you are buying. (whatsthatbug.com)
Do Asian Lady Beetles Eat Aphids? (whatsthatbug.com)
Ladybugs are predatory beetles that eat a large number of aphids (plant lice) and other harmful bugs. (gardenguides.com)

Adelgids are more closely related to aphid s, and adults feed on the base of hemlock needles, slowly sapping the tree of nutrients. (dictionary.com)
Even in the larval stage, ladybugs will normally consume hundreds of aphids and will grow into adults that may eat up to 5,000 aphids in a lifetime. (gardenguides.com)
Aphids are tiny (adults are under ¼-inch), and often nearly invisible to the naked eye. (succulentsaddiction.com)

I am hopeful this approach will allow both me and my plant to be happier, but also keep the aphids out of the house! (radenpedia.com)

There are over 60 different species in the UK, so there are likely to be many more species of aphid that you may see on your tomato plant. (pestsbanned.com)
These traps were installed in the wheat field where it attracted 14 species of aphid. (researcherslinks.com)

The dish soap in this mixture also breaks down the bodies of soft-bodied pests like aphids. (thespruce.com)

There are many insecticides on the market that will kill aphids, but be aware that they also kill the natural enemies that provide long-term control of aphids and other pests. (mercurynews.com)
These wasps are important in the control of aphids. (parkseed.com)

Horticultural oil worked really well for the aphid problem I had on my honeysuckle (see my blog from January 17, 2018- http://coloradomountaingardener.blogspot.com/2018/01/aphids-on-my-honeysuckles.html ). (radenpedia.com)

While searching for their prey, the wasps bumped into fewer living aphids when the mummies were around, although whenever they found one, they were just as likely to attack it. (nationalgeographic.com)
This concept, that aphids with Hamiltonella endosymbionts were worse off than those without them in the absence of the wasps, was supported by prior lab experiments. (drexel.edu)

persicae ( peach potato aphid ) and Myzus persicae subsp. (koppert.com)

Fievet thinks that from the wasp's point of view, the dead aphids are a sign that this particular plant had already been mined for bodies. (nationalgeographic.com)
During the past few weeks when pulling and removing the dead foliage I found thousands of aphids, I am still not sure if they are all dead aphids are not. (garden.org)

I sprayed it on the apple tree, but it did not seem to control the woolly aphids. (countryfarm-lifestyles.com)

There are many ways to remove aphids. (pestsbanned.com)
You can easily remove aphids from your plant by hand or using fruit peels, essential oils or water sprays. (pestsbanned.com)

Contact insecticides must also be applied early in the production cycle to prevent aphid populations from reaching plant-damaging levels. (gpnmag.com)

Regular scouting allows you to determine if aphid populations are actively increasing and monitor the natural enemies populations which include Asian lady beetle (Orius insidiosus) (Figure 40), green lacewing (Chyrsoperla spp. (unl.edu)
Low populations can be tolerated in most situations and aphids will often disappear when natural enemies or hot temperatures arrive. (mercurynews.com)
Early year aphids have many natural enemies that frequently bring them under control later in the year. (pnwhandbooks.org)

Lacewing larvae are also useful in destroying aphid colonies. (whatsthatbug.com)

To use the mixture, spray the stems and foliage of the infested plant and pay particular attention to the undersides of leaves since that is where aphids most commonly congregate. (thespruce.com)
Pay attention to spray the mixture onto the underside of the leaves, as this is where aphids commonly congregate. (sfgate.com)

Aphid management strategies include scouting, cultural and physical practices, insecticide applications, and releasing biological control agents. (gpnmag.com)
Problem areas discussed include host plant resistant and germplasm enhancement, biological control and simulation modeling, aphid-plant interactions and population genetics. (usda.gov)

High nitrogen fertilizers attract aphid populations because the juices of the plant will contain higher levels of nitrogen. (mercurynews.com)
My lime tree in particular seems to attract aphids, which isn't a problem when the plant is outside. (radenpedia.com)

Once on soybeans, multiple generations of wingless female aphids are produced until late summer and early fall. (unl.edu)
The wingless form of the green peach aphid is pale green. (pnwhandbooks.org)

Some aphid species are known to transmit viruses when they go from plant to plant, especially in vegetable gardens. (mercurynews.com)
Aphids can, on rare occasions, be a vector for viruses, but in a garden situation that usually is not a concern. (lotusland.org)
Aphids can transmit pathogenic organisms, particularly viruses. (koppert.com)
Peas are susceptible to a large number of aphid-transmitted viruses, which can produce diseases individually or in combination. (cornell.edu)

Many varieties of aphids exist, and they can cause a lot of damage to a tree's foliage that may eventually prevent the tree from receiving all the nutrients it needs. (stewartslawn.com)

Recently, David Kerns and I have been receiving more calls about aphids in grain sorghum. (lsuagcenter.com)

Hamiltonella defensa , the endosymbiont focused on in this study, for instance, wards off parasitoids in pea aphids. (drexel.edu)
Be sure to have aphids identified to species before purchasing parasitoids because not all parasitoids will attack the same aphid species. (gpnmag.com)

You will see aphids start appearing as the spring weather causes faster growth in succulent stems and leaves. (mercurynews.com)
Having a few aphids in the garden is no problem, but large populations can cause distorted growth in leaves and stems, leaving you with a less than desirable plant with damaged or small flowers and fruits, and stunted growth due to loss of vital plant fluids. (mercurynews.com)
Tender buds, new leaves, and soft stems are the ones that aphids damage. (pestsupplycanada.ca)

Horticultural soap sprays or neem oil work well for aphid control. (gardeningknowhow.com)

Repeated applications of these insecticides may also allow the aphids to develop a resistance to the poison. (mercurynews.com)
Systemic insecticides, in general, are applied to the growing medium as a drench or granule, providing up to 8 weeks of protection against aphid infestations. (gpnmag.com)

Potato virus Y (PVY) is transmitted by aphids in tomato in this way, as is the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in cucumber. (koppert.com)
This aphid is very closely related to the potato aphid. (pestsbanned.com)

One model for heritable endosymbiosis is the association of aphids with their obligate bacterial symbiont, Buchnera We experimentally established heteroplasmic pea aphid matrilines containing pairs of closely related Buchnera haplotypes and used deep sequencing of diagnostic markers to measure haplotype frequencies in successive host generations . (bvsalud.org)
Remarkably, closely related haplotypes were subject to strong within-host selection, with selection coefficients as high as 0.5 per aphid generation. (bvsalud.org)

Jan 27, 2019 - How to Keep Aphids Away From Million Bells. (abisfoods.com)
Aphid-borne Viral Spread Is Enhanced by Virus-induced Accumulation of Plant Reactive Oxygen Species[J]. Plant Physiology,2019,179:143-155. (ioz.ac.cn)
2019).Aphid-borne Viral Spread Is Enhanced by Virus-induced Accumulation of Plant Reactive Oxygen Species. (ioz.ac.cn)

Their larvae and green lacewings larvae can help in aphid control. (pestsupplycanada.ca)

Anatomy12

Organisms110

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs37

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment12

Psychiatry and Psychology9

Phenomena and Processes65

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture16

Information Science4

Health Care14

Geographicals3

New device and method for capture, reverse transcription and nested PCR in a single closed-tube. (1/795)

The haplotype distribution of two genes of citrus tristeza virus is altered after host change or aphid transmission. (2/795)

A GroEL homologue from endosymbiotic bacteria of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci is implicated in the circulative transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. (3/795)

Relationship between amount of esterase and gene copy number in insecticide-resistant Myzus persicae (Sulzer). (4/795)

Evidence for genetic drift in endosymbionts (Buchnera): analyses of protein-coding genes. (5/795)

Self-association and mapping of interaction domains of helper component-proteinase of potato A potyvirus. (6/795)

Phosphocarrier proteins in an intracellular symbiotic bacterium of aphids. (7/795)

Sex-specific organisation of middle repetitive DNA sequences in the mealybug Planococcus lilacinus. (8/795)

Buchnera

Luteoviridae

Symbiosis

Phloem

Luteovirus

Nymph

Host-Parasite Interactions

Vicia faba

Plant Diseases

Prunus

Wasps

Herbivory

Peas

Beetles

Reproduction, Asexual

Potyvirus

Feeding Behavior

Insect Proteins

Oviposition

Ants

Entomophthorales

Genome, Insect

Serratia

Predatory Behavior

Cucurbitaceae

Caulimovirus

Glucosinolates

Babuvirus

Insect Vectors

Pest Control, Biological

Food Chain

Hymenoptera

Insect Control

Solanum tuberosum

Colocasia

Fragaria

Pheromones

Reproduction

Oxylipins

Brassica

Host Specificity

Hemiptera

Cyclopentanes

Molecular Sequence Data

Ecological Parameter Monitoring

Vicia

Population Dynamics

Disease Resistance

Hemolymph

Gammaproteobacteria

Biological Control Agents

Life Cycle Stages

Phylogeny

Thysanoptera

Cucumovirus

Parthenogenesis

Gossypium

Lathyrus

Larva

Hypocreales

Medicago truncatula

Plant Viruses

Genes, Insect

Fertility

Enterobacteriaceae

Chromolaena

Svalbard

Sesquiterpenes

Solanum melongena

Tanacetum

Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis

Diptera

Species Specificity

Population Density

Plants, Genetically Modified

Lycopersicon esculentum

Microsatellite Repeats

Plants

Insects

Dactylis