Aphasia, Primary Progressive
A progressive form of dementia characterized by the global loss of language abilities and initial preservation of other cognitive functions. Fluent and nonfluent subtypes have been described. Eventually a pattern of global cognitive dysfunction, similar to ALZHEIMER DISEASE, emerges. Pathologically, there are no Alzheimer or PICK DISEASE like changes, however, spongiform changes of cortical layers II and III are present in the TEMPORAL LOBE and FRONTAL LOBE. (From Brain 1998 Jan;121(Pt 1):115-26)
Aphasia
A cognitive disorder marked by an impaired ability to comprehend or express language in its written or spoken form. This condition is caused by diseases which affect the language areas of the dominant hemisphere. Clinical features are used to classify the various subtypes of this condition. General categories include receptive, expressive, and mixed forms of aphasia.
Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia
Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive
A form of multiple sclerosis characterized by a progressive deterioration in neurologic function which is in contrast to the more typical relapsing remitting form. If the clinical course is free of distinct remissions, it is referred to as primary progressive multiple sclerosis. When the progressive decline is punctuated by acute exacerbations, it is referred to as progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis. The term secondary progressive multiple sclerosis is used when relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis evolves into the chronic progressive form. (From Ann Neurol 1994;36 Suppl:S73-S79; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp903-914)
Anomia
A language dysfunction characterized by the inability to name people and objects that are correctly perceived. The individual is able to describe the object in question, but cannot provide the name. This condition is associated with lesions of the dominant hemisphere involving the language areas, in particular the TEMPORAL LOBE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p484)
Aphasia, Broca
An aphasia characterized by impairment of expressive LANGUAGE (speech, writing, signs) and relative preservation of receptive language abilities (i.e., comprehension). This condition is caused by lesions of the motor association cortex in the FRONTAL LOBE (BROCA AREA and adjacent cortical and white matter regions).
Language Tests
Tests designed to assess language behavior and abilities. They include tests of vocabulary, comprehension, grammar and functional use of language, e.g., Development Sentence Scoring, Receptive-Expressive Emergent Language Scale, Parsons Language Sample, Utah Test of Language Development, Michigan Language Inventory and Verbal Language Development Scale, Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities, Northwestern Syntax Screening Test, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Ammons Full-Range Picture Vocabulary Test, and Assessment of Children's Language Comprehension.
Agraphia
Loss or impairment of the ability to write (letters, syllables, words, or phrases) due to an injury to a specific cerebral area or occasionally due to emotional factors. This condition rarely occurs in isolation, and often accompanies APHASIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p485; APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)
Atrophy
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting
The most common clinical variant of MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, characterized by recurrent acute exacerbations of neurologic dysfunction followed by partial or complete recovery. Common clinical manifestations include loss of visual (see OPTIC NEURITIS), motor, sensory, or bladder function. Acute episodes of demyelination may occur at any site in the central nervous system, and commonly involve the optic nerves, spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebellum. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp903-914)
Apraxia, Ideomotor
A form of apraxia characterized by an acquired inability to carry out a complex motor activity despite the ability to mentally formulate the action. This condition has been attributed to a disruption of connections between the dominant parietal cortex and supplementary and premotor cortical regions in both hemispheres. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p57)
Apraxias
A group of cognitive disorders characterized by the inability to perform previously learned skills that cannot be attributed to deficits of motor or sensory function. The two major subtypes of this condition are ideomotor (see APRAXIA, IDEOMOTOR) and ideational apraxia, which refers to loss of the ability to mentally formulate the processes involved with performing an action. For example, dressing apraxia may result from an inability to mentally formulate the act of placing clothes on the body. Apraxias are generally associated with lesions of the dominant PARIETAL LOBE and supramarginal gyrus. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp56-7)
Multiple Sclerosis
An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)
Neuropsychological Tests
Speech Therapy
Aphasia, Conduction
A type of fluent aphasia characterized by an impaired ability to repeat one and two word phrases, despite retained comprehension. This condition is associated with dominant hemisphere lesions involving the arcuate fasciculus (a white matter projection between Broca's and Wernicke's areas) and adjacent structures. Like patients with Wernicke aphasia (APHASIA, WERNICKE), patients with conduction aphasia are fluent but commit paraphasic errors during attempts at written and oral forms of communication. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p482; Brain & Bannister, Clinical Neurology, 7th ed, p142; Kandel et al., Principles of Neural Science, 3d ed, p848)
Frontotemporal Dementia
Language Disorders
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Speech Disorders
Aphasia, Wernicke
Impairment in the comprehension of speech and meaning of words, both spoken and written, and of the meanings conveyed by their grammatical relationships in sentences. It is caused by lesions that primarily affect Wernicke's area, which lies in the posterior perisylvian region of the temporal lobe of the dominant hemisphere. (From Brain & Bannister, Clinical Neurology, 7th ed, p141; Kandel et al., Principles of Neural Science, 3d ed, p846)
Brain
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.
Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
Heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by frontal and temporal lobe atrophy associated with neuronal loss, gliosis, and dementia. Patients exhibit progressive changes in social, behavioral, and/or language function. Multiple subtypes or forms are recognized based on presence or absence of TAU PROTEIN inclusions. FTLD includes three clinical syndromes: FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA, semantic dementia, and PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE NONFLUENT APHASIA.
Acid Sensing Ion Channel Blockers
Temporal Lobe
Pick Disease of the Brain
A rare form of DEMENTIA that is sometimes familial. Clinical features include APHASIA; APRAXIA; CONFUSION; ANOMIA; memory loss; and personality deterioration. This pattern is consistent with the pathologic findings of circumscribed atrophy of the poles of the FRONTAL LOBE and TEMPORAL LOBE. Neuronal loss is maximal in the HIPPOCAMPUS, entorhinal cortex, and AMYGDALA. Some ballooned cortical neurons contain argentophylic (Pick) bodies. (From Brain Pathol 1998 Apr;8(2):339-54; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1057-9)
Language Therapy
Disease Progression
Neuroimaging
Dementia
An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness.
Echolalia
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Comprehension
Frontal Lobe
Brain Mapping
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)
Remission, Spontaneous
Mental Status Schedule
Functional Laterality
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Neurologic Examination
Cerebral Cortex
Severity of Illness Index
Disability Evaluation
Cognition Disorders
Case-Control Studies
Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.
Age of Onset
Spinal Cord
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
Positron-Emission Tomography
An imaging technique using compounds labelled with short-lived positron-emitting radionuclides (such as carbon-11, nitrogen-13, oxygen-15 and fluorine-18) to measure cell metabolism. It has been useful in study of soft tissues such as CANCER; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and brain. SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY is closely related to positron emission tomography, but uses isotopes with longer half-lives and resolution is lower.
Dyslexia, Acquired
A receptive visual aphasia characterized by the loss of a previously possessed ability to comprehend the meaning or significance of handwritten words, despite intact vision. This condition may be associated with posterior cerebral artery infarction (INFARCTION, POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY) and other BRAIN DISEASES.
Nerve Fibers, Myelinated
A class of nerve fibers as defined by their structure, specifically the nerve sheath arrangement. The AXONS of the myelinated nerve fibers are completely encased in a MYELIN SHEATH. They are fibers of relatively large and varied diameters. Their NEURAL CONDUCTION rates are faster than those of the unmyelinated nerve fibers (NERVE FIBERS, UNMYELINATED). Myelinated nerve fibers are present in somatic and autonomic nerves.
Speech Production Measurement
Linguistics
Nerve Degeneration
Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.
Statistics, Nonparametric
A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)
Stroke
A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)
Nerve Net
A meshlike structure composed of interconnecting nerve cells that are separated at the synaptic junction or joined to one another by cytoplasmic processes. In invertebrates, for example, the nerve net allows nerve impulses to spread over a wide area of the net because synapses can pass information in any direction.
Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive
A degenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS (supranuclear ophthalmoplegia); DYSARTHRIA; swallowing difficulties; and axial DYSTONIA. Onset is usually in the fifth decade and disease progression occurs over several years. Pathologic findings include neurofibrillary degeneration and neuronal loss in the dorsal MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS; RED NUCLEUS; pallidum; dentate nucleus; and vestibular nuclei. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1076-7)
Psychomotor Performance
Names
Personal names, given or surname, as cultural characteristics, as ethnological or religious patterns, as indications of the geographic distribution of families and inbreeding, etc. Analysis of isonymy, the quality of having the same or similar names, is useful in the study of population genetics. NAMES is used also for the history of names or name changes of corporate bodies, such as medical societies, universities, hospitals, government agencies, etc.
Primary progressive aphasia : a case report. (1/119)
Primary progressive aphasia is due to focal left perisylvian degeneration and manifests with progressive decline in language function for two or more years. There is preservation of cognitive functions and activities of daily living continue to be normal. We report a case of progressive aphasia in a 65 year old lady. (+info)Atypical and typical presentations of Alzheimer's disease: a clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging and pathological study of 13 cases. (2/119)
There has been increasing awareness that some slowly progressive focal cortical syndromes can be the presenting features of Alzheimer's disease, but pathological evidence has been sparse. This clinico-pathological series presents our experience with pathologically proven atypical as well as typical Alzheimer's disease presentations. We report and compare four patterns of presentation: a typical pattern with initial amnesic syndrome (n = 4 cases), progressive visual dysfunction (n = 1), progressive biparietal syndrome (n = 2) and progressive aphasia (n = 6). The aphasic presentations include both fluent and non-fluent aphasic syndromes. The neuropsychological profiles and neuroimaging clearly reflect the presenting clinical features, and show a close relationship to the distribution of pathology in these cases. Of note was the sparing of medial temporal structures (hippocampus and/or entorhinal cortex) in several aphasic cases and the severe occipito-parietal involvement in those with prominent visuospatial disorders at presentation. Our data demonstrate the wide spectrum of Alzheimer's disease presentations. The recognition of atypical presentations of Alzheimer's disease is important when attempting to make an early accurate pre-morbid diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease. (+info)Frontotemporal decreases in rCBF correlate with degree of dysnomia in primary progressive aphasia. (3/119)
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is an uncommon degenerative dementia characterized by gradual impairment of language function with initial sparing of the memory domain. Using semiquantitative 99mTc-hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) brain SPECT as a measure of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), we investigated the relationship between reduced 99mTc-HMPAO uptake and the severity of dysnomia in PPA. METHODS: Seven right-handed patients with PPA had their dysnomia assessed by the Boston Naming Test (BNT), a subtest of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. Neuroimaging studies, including 99mTc-HMPAO brain SPECT, CT, and MRI, were performed. Correlational analysis between reduced rCBF and BNT was performed. RESULTS: Brain SPECT showed a reduction in 99mTc-HMPAO uptake involving the frontal and temporal lobes in all 7 patients. CT and MRI showed mild to moderate cerebral atrophy in 4 patients. Low scores on the BNT correlated with low frontotemporal 99mTc-HMPAO (Spearman r = 0.97, P = 0.004) in the 5 patients with left-hemisphere involvement. CONCLUSION: Decreased rCBF to the frontotemporal region characterized the cerebral abnormalities associated with PPA. The finding of focal rCBF abnormalities in the right hemisphere of 2 right-handed women corroborates that PPA symptoms may arise from a "non-left-dominant"-hemisphere degenerative process. Our results support the usefulness of rCBF SPECT imaging as a diagnostic aid in PPA. (+info)The role of conceptual knowledge in object use evidence from semantic dementia. (4/119)
It has been reported that patients with semantic dementia function well in everyday life and sometimes show striking preservation of the ability to use objects, even those specific objects for which the patient has degraded conceptual information. To explore this phenomenon in nine cases of semantic dementia, we designed a set of semantic tests regarding 20 everyday objects and compared performance on these with the patients' ability to demonstrate the correct use of the same items. We also administered a test of mechanical problem solving utilizing novel tools, on which the patients had completely normal ability. All but the mildest affected patient showed significant deficits of naming and on the visually based semantic matching tasks. Object use was markedly impaired and, most importantly, correlated strongly with naming and semantic knowledge. In a small number of instances, there was appropriate use of an object for which the patient's knowledge on the semantic matching tasks was no better than chance; but this typically applied to objects with a rather obvious relationship between appearance and use, or was achieved by trial and error. The results suggest that object use is heavily dependent upon object-specific conceptual knowledge, supplemented to some degree by a combination of visual affordances and mechanical problem solving. (+info)Primary progressive aphasia: analisys of 16 cases. (5/119)
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is an intriguing syndrome, showing some peculiar aspects that differentiate it from classical aphasic pictures caused by focal cerebral lesions or dementia. The slow and progressive deterioration of language occurring in these cases provides an interesting model to better understand the mechanisms involved in the linguistic process. We describe clinical and neuroimaging aspects found in 16 cases of PPA. Our patients underwent language and neuropsychological evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT). We observed a clear distinction in oral expression patterns; patients were classified as fluent and nonfluent. Anomia was the earliest and most evident symptom in both groups. Neuroimaging pointed to SPECT as a valuable instrument in guiding the differential diagnosis, as well as in making useful clinical and anatomical correlations. This report and a comparison to literature are an attempt to contribute to a better understanding of PPA. (+info)Evidence of bilateral temporal lobe involvement in primary progressive aphasia: a SPECT study. (6/119)
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is rare. Only limited series have been reported with SPECT or PET. Moreover, in the majority of studies, the left-to-right asymmetry ratio was used, leading to difficulties in right hemisphere analyzes. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with clinical criteria of PPA (Mesulam and Weintraub) were included and compared with 12 control subjects. Complete language examination was performed in all patients. SPECT was performed on a double-head gamma camera after intravenous injection of hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (22 patients and 12 control subjects) or ethylcysteinate dimer (7 patients). Nineteen regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn on each hemisphere in all patients using the Talairach atlas. The perfusion index (PI = cortex-to-cerebellum ratio) was calculated for each ROI. Atrophy was quantified on MRI by consensus of 3 observers in 16 cortical ROIs. ANOVAs were used to compare the PI between (a). patients and control subjects, (b). patients with (n = 15) or without (n = 14) lexicosemantic abnormalities (LS+ vs. LS-) and patients with (n = 19) or without (n = 10) arthric disorders (A+ vs. A-), and (c). patients with or without atrophy. RESULTS: In the 29 patients, the PI was significantly lower in the left temporopolar, left lateral temporal, left Wernicke, left parietal, and right lateral temporal cortex when compared with control subjects (P < 0.001). In LS+ patients versus control subjects, the PI significantly decreased in the left temporal cortex (lateral temporal; medial temporal; temporopolar; Wernicke), left Broca, left parietal, and right lateral temporal cortex (P < 0.001). In addition, LS+ versus LS- comparison showed a significant decrease in the left lateral, left medial temporal, and left Broca cortex (P < 0.001). In comparison with control subjects, the PI was not significantly different in A+ patients, whereas in A- patients the PI was significantly decreased in the left and right lateral temporal cortex, left Wernicke, and left parietal cortex. Moreover, the PI significantly decreased in the left lateral temporal region in A+ patients compared with A- patients. Finally, in patients without atrophy, the PI significantly decreased in the right and left lateral temporal cortex and the left parietal cortex (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that right-handed patients with PPA present a decreased perfusion in the bilateral temporal cortex. Moreover, in these regions, morphologic abnormalities are preceded by perfusion abnormalities. Finally, our results show that large left temporal dysfunction occurs in patients with LS disorders. (+info)Progressive non-fluent aphasia is associated with hypometabolism centred on the left anterior insula. (7/119)
Progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) is a syndrome in which patients lose the ability to communicate fluently in the context of relative preservation of single word comprehension and non-linguistic cognitive abilities. Neuroimaging in case studies with PNFA has failed to identify a consistent neural substrate for the language disorder. In this study of a group of patients (n=10) whose presenting complaint was progressive dysfluency, resting cerebral metabolism was measured using [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET and analysed with the technique of statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Regional atrophy was assessed with voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Seven patients had a 'pure' PNFA syndrome, while the remaining three had additional features of a more pervasive dementia. Compared with controls, the patients showed hypometabolism in several regions that, most notably, included the left anterior insula/frontal opercular region. The VBM analysis revealed only one small area of atrophy in the left peri-Sylvian region. Analysis of the pure PNFA cases (n=7) relative to controls yielded qualitatively similar results to those of the whole group, suggesting that these cases were also at risk of a more generalized dementia, a finding borne out in subsequent follow-up of two cases to date. The PNFA group was then compared with a group with Alzheimer's disease (n=10) whose clinical profile did not include non-fluent aphasic features. In this analysis, the only persisting hypometabolic region was that centred over the left anterior insula. VBM did not identify any regional differences in atrophy between PNFA and Alzheimer's disease. In the light of current theories of fluent language production, the findings offer anatomical evidence that the breakdown in fluency is due to a motor articulatory planning deficit (speech apraxia) combined with a variable degree of agrammatism. (+info)Cognition and anatomy in three variants of primary progressive aphasia. (8/119)
We performed a comprehensive cognitive, neuroimaging, and genetic study of 31 patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA), a decline in language functions that remains isolated for at least 2 years. Detailed speech and language evaluation was used to identify three different clinical variants: nonfluent progressive aphasia (NFPA; n = 11), semantic dementia (SD; n = 10), and a third variant termed logopenic progressive aphasia (LPA; n = 10). Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) on MRIs showed that, when all 31 PPA patients were analyzed together, the left perisylvian region and the anterior temporal lobes were atrophied. However, when each clinical variant was considered separately, distinctive patterns emerged: (1) NFPA, characterized by apraxia of speech and deficits in processing complex syntax, was associated with left inferior frontal and insular atrophy; (2) SD, characterized by fluent speech and semantic memory deficits, was associated with anterior temporal damage; and (3) LPA, characterized by slow speech and impaired syntactic comprehension and naming, showed atrophy in the left posterior temporal cortex and inferior parietal lobule. Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 haplotype frequency was 20% in NFPA, 0% in SD, and 67% in LPA. Cognitive, genetic, and anatomical features indicate that different PPA clinical variants may correspond to different underlying pathological processes. (+info)
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Primary progressive aphasia
A third variant of primary progressive aphasia, logopenic progressive aphasia (LPA) was then added, and is an atypical form of ... "Primary Progressive Aphasia - National Aphasia Association". National Aphasia Association. Retrieved 2017-12-17. Mesulam M ( ... In the classical Mesulam criteria for primary progressive aphasia, there are two variants: a non-fluent type progressive ... M.-Marsel Mesulam coined the term primary progressive aphasia. Anomic aphasia Aphasiology Apraxia of speech Speech-language ...
Progressive nonfluent aphasia
... which he called primary progressive aphasia (PPA) included patients with progressive nonfluent (aphasia, semantic dementia, and ... Bonner MF, Ash S, Grossman M (November 2010). "The new classification of primary progressive aphasia into semantic, logopenic, ... Mesulam MM (October 2003). "Primary progressive aphasia--a language-based dementia". The New England Journal of Medicine. 349 ( ... March 2004). "Cognition and anatomy in three variants of primary progressive aphasia". Annals of Neurology. 55 (3): 335-346. ...
Logopenic progressive aphasia
... (LPA) is a variant of primary progressive aphasia. It is defined clinically by impairments in ... Aphasia Dementia Early-onset Alzheimer's disease Harciarek M, Kertesz A (September 2011). "Primary progressive aphasias and ... Compared to other subtypes of primary progressive aphasia, the logopenic variant has been found to be associated with cognitive ... Henry ML, Gorno-Tempini ML (December 2010). "The logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia". Curr. Opin. Neurol. 23 (6 ...
Expressive aphasia
"Primary Progressive Aphasia - National Aphasia Association". National Aphasia Association. Retrieved 2018-11-26. "Common ... Expressive aphasia is classified as non-fluent aphasia, as opposed to fluent aphasia. Diagnosis is done on a case-by-case basis ... Expressive aphasia, also known as Broca's aphasia, is a type of aphasia characterized by partial loss of the ability to produce ... Expressive aphasia occurs in approximately 12% of new cases of aphasia caused by stroke. In most cases, expressive aphasia is ...
Anomic aphasia
Conduction aphasia Expressive aphasia Lists of language disorders Primary progressive aphasia Receptive aphasia Tip of the ... Anomic aphasia (also known as dysnomia, nominal aphasia, and amnesic aphasia) is a mild, fluent type of aphasia where ... Harciarek M, Kertesz A (September 2011). "Primary progressive aphasias and their contribution to the contemporary knowledge ... These results suggest minimal word-production difficulty in anomic aphasia relative to other aphasia syndromes. Anomic aphasia ...
Aphasia
... logopenic-variant primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA), and semantic-variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA), with primary ... There are three classifications of Primary Progressive Aphasia : Progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA), Semantic Dementia (SD), ... and Logopenic progressive aphasia (LPA). Progressive Jargon Aphasia[citation needed] is a fluent or receptive aphasia in which ... Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative focal dementia that can be associated with progressive illnesses or ...
Jargon aphasia
"Neologistic jargon aphasia and agraphia in primary progressive aphasia". Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 277 (1-2): 155- ... Jargon aphasia is a type of fluent aphasia in which an individual's speech is incomprehensible, but appears to make sense to ... 2010-01-05). "Prediction of pathology in primary progressive language and speech disorders". Neurology. 74 (1): 42-49. doi: ... All of these types of jargon are seen in fluent aphasia, which can more commonly be addressed as Wernicke's aphasia. Weinstein ...
Music therapy for non-fluent aphasia
... primary progressive dynamic aphasia. Neurocase, 9(2), 140-155. doi:10.1076/neur.9.2.140.15068 Samson, S., & Zatorre, R. J. ( ... Non-fluent aphasia, also called expressive aphasia, is a neurological disorder that deprives patients of the ability to express ... As non-fluent aphasia is usually caused by lesions in patients' left hemisphere, the undamaged right hemisphere is regarded by ... Music therapy for non-fluent aphasia is a method for treating patients who have lost the ability to speak after a stroke or ...
Body part as object
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a syndrome characterized by a progressive language deficit without other features of ... Weintraub, S., Rubin, N. P., & Mesulam, M. M. (1990). Primary progressive aphasia. Longitudinal course, neuropsychological ... Patterns of limb apraxia in primary progressive aphasia. Brain and Cognition, 53(2), 403-407. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ ... It has been debated whether the existence of BPO errors can be used as a measure for aphasia or brain damage. In the studies ...
Auditosensory cortex
Primary progressive aphasia is characterised by the progressive impairment of speech production, comprehension and ... doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-666055-5.x5000-x. ISBN 978-0-12-666055-5. "Primary Progressive Aphasia". National Aphasia Association. ... primary progressive aphasia and auditory hallucination. The auditosensory cortex defines Brodmann area 42, which is part of the ... eventually causing primary progressive aphasia. Difficulty in auditory processing is a complication of mild traumatic brain ...
Semantic dementia
... (SD), also known as semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA), is a progressive neurodegenerative ... Henry, M.L.; Gorno-Tempini, M.L. (December 2010). "The logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia". Current Opinion in ... "Semantic variant Primary Progressive Aphasia". Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration. Retrieved 2017-12-18. Warrington, E ... Bonner, M.F.; Ash, S.; Grossman, M. (November 2010). "The new classification of primary progressive aphasia into semantic, ...
Amnesia
"Semantic Variant Primary Progressive Aphasia". Memory and Aging Center. Retrieved 3 December 2019. "Amnesia: Management and ... Aphasia Betrayal Emotion and memory False memory Gollin figure test List of films featuring mental illness Memory erasure ... It is caused by brain damage due to a vitamin B1 deficiency and will be progressive if alcohol intake and nutrition pattern are ...
Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini
... in particular primary progressive aphasia and frontotemporal dementia. Gorno-Tempini has had mentees from diverse backgrounds ( ... "Cognition and anatomy in three variants of primary progressive aphasia." Annals of neurology 55.3 (2004): 335-346.https://doi. ... "The logopenic/phonological variant of primary progressive aphasia." Neurology 71.16 (2008): 1227-1234. https://doi.org/10.1212/ ...
Vasectomy
Rogalski E, Weintraub S, Mesulam MM (2013). "Are there susceptibility factors for primary progressive aphasia?". Brain Lang. ... An association between vasectomy and primary progressive aphasia, a rare variety of frontotemporal dementia, was reported. ... The primary long-term complications are chronic pain conditions or syndromes that can affect any of the scrotal, pelvic or ...
Transcortical sensory aphasia
Anomic aphasia Conduction aphasia Global aphasia Primary progressive aphasias Transcortical motor aphasia Broca's area ... TSA is a fluent aphasia similar to Wernicke's aphasia (receptive aphasia), with the exception of a strong ability to repeat ... receptive aphasia. However, transcortical sensory aphasia differs from receptive aphasia in that patients still have intact ... Transcortical sensory aphasia (TSA) is a kind of aphasia that involves damage to specific areas of the temporal lobe of the ...
Thought disorder
Rohrer JD, Rossor MN, Warren JD (February 2009). "Neologistic jargon aphasia and agraphia in primary progressive aphasia". ... Aphasia Auditory processing disorder Emil Kraepelin's dream speech Speech and language pathology Hart M, Lewine RR (May 2017 ... Noble J, Greene HL (15 January 1996). Textbook of primary care medicine. Mosby. p. 1325. ISBN 978-0-8016-7841-7. Jefferson JW, ... Kurowski, Kathleen; Blumstein, Sheila E. (February 2016). "Phonetic Basis of Phonemic Paraphasias in Aphasia: Evidence for ...
Alicinha Cavalcanti
In 2015, Cavalcanti was diagnosed with primary progressive aphasia. In 2017, she was also diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral ... at the Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital in São Paulo on 2 August 2021 at age 59 as a result of primary progressive aphasia. ...
Insular cortex
March 2004). "Cognition and anatomy in three variants of primary progressive aphasia". Annals of Neurology. 55 (3): 335-46. doi ... Progressive expressive aphasia is the deterioration of normal language function that causes individuals to lose the ability to ... Nestor PJ, Graham NL, Fryer TD, Williams GB, Patterson K, Hodges JR (November 2003). "Progressive non-fluent aphasia is ... The anterior insula is part of the primary gustatory cortex. There is evidence that, in addition to its base functions, the ...
Woody Durham
Durham was diagnosed with primary progressive aphasia in January 2016. In June 2016, Durham wrote a letter that was posted on ... Durham died on March 7, 2018, of complications from primary progressive aphasia. "Player Bio: Woody Durham". GoHeels.com. ... Deaths from primary progressive aphasia, People from Mebane, North Carolina, People from Albemarle, North Carolina). ...
Reading
"Neural mechanisms of object naming and word comprehension in primary progressive aphasia". J. Neurosci. 32 (14): 4848-55. doi: ... Snowden JS, Kindell J, Thompson JC, Richardson AM, Neary D (March 2012). "Progressive aphasia presenting with deep dyslexia and ... Cherney LR (2004). "Aphasia, alexia, and oral reading". Top Stroke Rehabil. 11 (1): 22-36. doi:10.1310/VUPX-WDX7-J1EU-00TB. ... "Primary national strategy, UK" (PDF). 2006. "Home , Learn - Children's Literacy Initiative". learn.cli.org. Schwartz, Sarah ( ...
Dementia
One type is called semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (SV-PPA). The main feature of this is the loss of the meaning ... The other type is called non-fluent agrammatic variant primary progressive aphasia (NFA-PPA). This is mainly a problem with ... a clinical analysis of the progressive aphasias". Brain. 131 (Pt 1): 8-38. doi:10.1093/brain/awm251. PMC 2373641. PMID 17947337 ... Given the progressive and terminal nature of dementia, palliative care can be helpful to patients and their caregivers by ...
Language processing in the brain
Brambati SM, Ogar J, Neuhaus J, Miller BL, Gorno-Tempini ML (July 2009). "Reading disorders in primary progressive aphasia: a ... "The Wernicke conundrum and the anatomy of language comprehension in primary progressive aphasia". Brain. 138 (Pt 8): 2423-37. ... Through research in aphasias, RHD signers were found to have a problem maintaining the spatial portion of their signs, ... See also the reviews by discussing this topic). The primary evidence for this role of the MTG-TP is that patients with damage ...
Communication disorder
Conduction aphasia Anomic aphasia Global aphasia Primary progressive aphasias Progressive nonfluent aphasia Semantic dementia ... and primary progressive aphasias caused by progressive illnesses such as dementia. Acute aphasias Expressive aphasia also known ... Receptive aphasia also known as Wernicke's aphasia, receptive aphasia is a fluent aphasia that is categorized by damage to the ... Harciarek M, Kertesz A (September 2011). "Primary progressive aphasias and their contribution to the contemporary knowledge ...
Dick Evey
On May 23, 2013, Evey died from dementia and primary progressive aphasia. From 2007 until his death, Evey was a recipient of ...
Samuel Bodman
The cause of death was reported to be complications from primary progressive aphasia. His death was announced by former ... Deaths from primary progressive aphasia, Politicians from Chicago, United States Deputy Secretaries of Commerce, United States ...
Auditory agnosia
"The Wernicke conundrum and the anatomy of language comprehension in primary progressive aphasia". Brain. 138 (Pt 8): 2423-37. ... He attributed both aphasia and auditory agnosia to damage in Lichtheim's auditory word center. He hypothesized that aphasia is ... Marie P (1906). "What to think about subcortical aphasias (pure aphasias)". In Cole MR, Cole M (eds.). Pierre Marie's Papers on ... The primary distinction between auditory agnosia and cerebral deafness is the ability to detect pure tones, as measured with ...
Short-term memory
Aphasias commonly occur after left-hemisphere stroke or with neurodegenerative conditions such as primary progressive aphasias ... which may also be a feature of logopenic primary progressive aphasia. Many language-impaired patients complain about short-term ... "Phonological short-term memory in logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia and mild Alzheimer's disease". Cortex. 71: 183- ... Short-term memory (or "primary" or "active memory") is the capacity for holding a small amount of information in an active, ...
Kimberly Williams-Paisley
Her mother, Linda, was diagnosed with primary progressive aphasia, which is a form of dementia. Williams-Paisley is the author ...
Deaths in September 2018
Samuel Bodman, 79, American politician, Secretary of Energy (2005-2009), complications from primary progressive aphasia. Joris ...
Harold Guskin
He had contracted primary progressive aphasia, a rare form of dementia, over decade before his death. LLC, New York Media (June ...
Terry Jones
Deaths from primary progressive aphasia, Monty Python members, Deaths from dementia in England, People educated at Royal ... Jones was diagnosed with primary progressive aphasia, a form of frontotemporal dementia that impairs the ability to speak and ... Jones attended Esher COE primary school and the Royal Grammar School in Guildford, where he was school captain in the 1960-61 ... After living for several years with a degenerative aphasia, he gradually lost the ability to speak and died in 2020 from ...
Outline of the human brain
... primary somatosensory map within the somatosensory cortex), 2. output maps (primary motor map within the primary motor cortex ... Damage to this pathway can cause a form of aphasia known as conduction aphasia, where auditory comprehension and speech ... Neurodegeneration - an umbrella term for the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including death of neurons. ... As primary cancer treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy have become more effective in the past few ...
Deaths in October 2018
... complications from primary progressive aphasia. Labinot Harbuzi, 32, Swedish footballer (Malmö FF, S.B.V. Excelsior, ...
Multiple sclerosis signs and symptoms
"Olfactory dysfunction in patients with primary progressive MS". Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation. 4 (4): e369. doi ... Navarro S, Mondéjar-Marín B, Pedrosa-Guerrero A, Pérez-Molina I, Garrido-Robres J, Alvarez-Tejerina A (2005). "[Aphasia and ... The authors found no evidence that pain was more common in people with progressive types of MS, in females compared to males, ... National clinical guideline for diagnosis and management in primary and secondary care. Salisbury, Wiltshire: Sarum ColourView ...
David McFadden (poet)
In 2012, McFadden was diagnosed with logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia, a type of Alzheimer's disease that affects ...
Early-onset Alzheimer's disease
... logopenic primary progressive aphasia. As the disease progresses, the patient exhibits more serious problems, becoming subject ... Levy-Lahad (1996) determined that PSEN2 contained 12 exons, 10 of which were coding exons, and that the primary transcript ...
Dysarthria
These allow people who are unintelligible, or may be in the later stages of a progressive illness, to continue to be able to ... It is unrelated to problems with understanding language (that is, dysphasia or aphasia), although a person can have both. Any ... Since regulation of skilled movements is a primary function of the cerebellum, damage to the superior cerebellum and the ...
Deaths in March 2018
... complications from primary progressive aphasia. Hao Bailin, 83, Chinese physicist. Victor Heringer, 29, Brazilian novelist, ...
Index of Singapore-related articles
Ahmad Ibrahim Primary School Ahmad Ibrahim Secondary School Ahmad Latiff Khamaruddin Ahmad Mattar Ahmad Mohamed Ibrahim Ahmad ... Democratic Progressive Party (Singapore) Democratic Republic of the Congo at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics Demographics of ... Neto Anucha Chuaysri Anugerah Planet Muzik Anumanthan Kumar Anurak Srikerd Anwar Hadi Anwell Technologies Apam balik Aphasia ( ... Primary School Leaving Examination Prime League Prime Minister of Singapore Prime Minister's Office (Singapore) Prime ...
List of MeSH codes (C23)
... aphasia, conduction MeSH C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100.155 - primary progressive aphasia MeSH C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100 ... aphasia MeSH C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100.100 - expressive aphasia MeSH C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100.111 - ... chronic progressive external MeSH C23.888.592.636.447.690 - supranuclear palsy, progressive MeSH C23.888.592.636.637 - ... anomic aphasia MeSH C23.888.592.604.150.500.300 - dyslexia MeSH C23.888.592.604.150.500.300.200 - Alexia (acquired dyslexia) ...
Cognitive disorder
Unlike delirium, mild neurocognitive disorders tend to develop slowly and are characterized by a progressive memory loss which ... In addition to memory loss and cognitive impairment, other symptoms include aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, loss of abstract thought ... Setters, Belinda; Solberg, Laurence M. (2017). "Delirium". Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice. Geriatrics. 44 (3): 541- ... they are not classified under neurocognitive disorders because loss of cognitive function is not the primary (causal) symptom. ...
List of neurological conditions and disorders
Primary lateral sclerosis Prion diseases Progressive hemifacial atrophy Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Progressive ... aphasia) and syndromes (e.g., Aicardi syndrome). There is disagreement over the definitions and criteria used to delineate ... see Progressive supranuclear palsy Stiff-person syndrome Stroke Sturge-Weber syndrome Stuttering Subacute sclerosing ... disease Amaurosis fugax Amnesia Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Acephalia Aneurysm Angelman syndrome Anosognosia Aphasia ...
Linguistic development of Genie
The primary focus of their research was to test the hypothesis of Eric Lenneberg that humans have a critical period for ... Even after learning the present progressive she inconsistently gave correct responses to it on tests, and use of the suffix - ... matching the timeline previously observed in children with various types of aphasia. Curtiss also noted that Genie used the ... When the circumstances of Genie, the primary victim in one of the most severe cases of abuse, neglect and social isolation on ...
Whitchurch-Stouffville
Aphasia Centre, official website; "Stouffville's Aphasia Centre has Plenty to Celebrate", Stouffville Sun-Tribune, Oct. 17, ... The Progressive Montessori Academy, official website. Stouffville Christian School, official website. Mindtech (Montessori) ... Whitchurch-Stouffville is traversed by two railway lines: One is Canadian National Railway's primary freight corridor ... The York-Durham Aphasia Centre is located in Stouffville's Parkview Village, and is a program of March of Dimes Canada. The ...
Letter board
... primary progressive aphasia, supranuclear palsy, and traumatic brain injuries. AAC can be divided into different categories, ... Sign language is the primary example of unaided AAC. Aided forms of augmented communication require some external tools or aid ...
Network neuroscience
There are many types of aphasia but the main types fall into three categories: Broca aphasia, Wernicke aphasia, and Global ... Primary motor cortex and supplementary motor areas are also less active in patients with PD. The frontoparietal (FP) network in ... Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease that can be clinically characterized by impaired memory ... Wernicke aphasia is when there is damage to the side portion of the language-dominant part of the brain. Wernicke's aphasia is ...
Speech-language pathology
In 2018, 193,971 children in English primary schools were on the special educational needs register needing speech-therapy ... Mental health issues Stroke Progressive neurological conditions such as cancer of the head, neck and throat (including ... "Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016 (6): CD000425. doi ... Primary pediatric speech and language disorders include: (i) receptive and (ii) expressive language disorders, (iii) speech ...
Genie (feral child)
They remained her primary caretakers throughout this time, but with the consent of her mother and psychologists, authorities ... In January 1972 the scientists measured her in the 50th percentile for an 81⁄2- to 9-year-old on Raven's Progressive Matrices, ... when a stroke left her with aphasia. She died in 1988 following another one. From January 1978 until the early 1990s, Genie ... When she moved in with them, Marilyn became her teacher, David decided to take over the role of her primary therapist James ...
L1 (protein)
... aphasia, spastic paraplegia and hydrocephalus). L1 protein is located all over the nervous system on the surface of neurons. It ... specifically the progressive myelination of nerve axon fibers), by mediating the elongation of Schwann cells along the axon. L1 ... a process that allows obtaining different mRNA mature molecules from one primary transcript of mRNA). L1CAM isoform 1 is known ... a comparison of the primary sequences of L1 molecules of different origin". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene ...
Apraxia of speech
... was not distinguished from other motor speech disorders such as dysarthria and in particular primary progressive aphasia. Many ... Recent research has established the existence of primary progressive apraxia of speech caused by neuroanatomic motor atrophy. ... AOS and expressive aphasia (also known as Broca's aphasia) are commonly mistaken as the same disorder mainly because they often ... May 2012). "Characterizing a neurodegenerative syndrome: primary progressive apraxia of speech". Brain. 135 (Pt 5): 1522-36. ...
Human brain
The primary sensory areas receive signals from the sensory nerves and tracts by way of relay nuclei in the thalamus. Primary ... The papyrus mentions the external surface of the brain, the effects of injury (including seizures and aphasia), the meninges, ... Neurodegenerative diseases result in progressive damage to different parts of the brain's function, and worsen with age. Common ... The primary motor cortex, which sends axons down to motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord, occupies the rear portion ...
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2
A deletion mutation of a single nucleotide (7630delT) in the gene has been found to cause symptoms of reversible aphasia, right ... MT-CO2 provides the substrate-binding site and contains the binuclear copper A center, probably the primary acceptor in ... which altered the initiation codon of the MT-CO2 gene in patients have shown clinical manifestations such as progressive gait ... hemiparesis, hemianopsia, exercise intolerance, progressive mental impairment, and short stature. Furthermore, a patient with a ...