Aphakia
Endophthalmitis
Lens Implantation, Intraocular
Cataract
Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic
Visual Acuity
Blindness
Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous
Refractive Errors
Aniseikonia
Visual outcome after contact lens and intraocular lens correction of neonatal monocular aphakia in monkeys. (1/91)
PURPOSE: A monkey model was used to evaluate intraocular lenses (IOLs) and extended-wear contact lenses (EWCLs) for the optical treatment of infantile aphakia in humans. Specifically, the relative effectiveness of EWCLs used alone and IOLs used in combination with EWCLs in preventing amblyopia was assessed. METHODS: A total of 33 rhesus monkeys was studied in this project, 24 assigned to experimental treatment groups and 9 to normal controls. Contact lenses made from a diffusing material or dyed opaque were placed on one eye at birth to simulate an infantile cataract. A unilateral lensectomy was then performed on the same eye within 2.5 weeks after birth. In 15 monkeys this was combined with implantation of an IOL. The eyes were left aphakic in the remaining 9 animals. EWCLs were used to adjust the optical correction of both aphakic and pseudophakic eyes to a near point (3-5 D). Opaque lenses were used to maintain daily part-time (approximately 70%) occlusion of the fellow eye. The primary outcome measure was grating acuity assessed with behavioral methods. Some animals were also assessed for acuity with sweep visually evoked potentials (VEPs) and for optotype acuity (Landolt C) with behavioral methods. RESULTS: Two of the animals with IOLs developed complications in the eye that precluded completion of the behavioral assessment protocol. Only behavioral outcomes obtained before or in the absence of surgical complications are presented. There was a developmental delay in the maturation of grating acuity in both eyes of both treatment groups. Normal adult levels of grating acuity were eventually achieved in the group treated with IOLs combined with EWCLs. Grating acuity was significantly poorer than normal in aphakic eyes treated only with EWCLs. Comparison of the two treatment groups revealed that pseudophakic eyes treated with multifocal IOLs had significantly better gating acuity than aphakic eyes. Assessments of optotype acuity and sweep VEP acuity revealed amblyopic deficits in both pseudophakic and aphakic eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Given an absence of serious postoperative complications, neonatal correction of aphakia with IOLs combined with EWCLs can lead to normal grating acuity in a primate model. Correction with EWCLs alone was not sufficient to produce normal grating acuity. Multifocal IOL treatments combined with EWCL provided a significantly better outcome than EWCL methods alone. However, neither IOL nor EWCL methods were able to prevent amblyopia as evaluated using behavioral testing with optotypes or with sweep VEPs. (+info)Primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: 20 years of change. (2/91)
AIM: To compare characteristics, management, and outcome of two groups of patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) presenting to the same vitreoretinal unit approximately 20 years apart. METHODS: 124 patients in 1979-80 and 126 cases in 1999 were compared. RESULTS: More cases were pseudophakic and fewer aphakic in 1999 than 1979-80. More cases of giant retinal tear and fewer dialyses were operated on in 1999. Vitrectomy was a primary procedure in 63% of cases in 1999 but only 1% in 1979-80. Anatomical success rates were statistically similar: 79.8% primary and 88.8% final success in 1979-80, and 84% primary and 93.6% final success in 1999. CONCLUSION: Surgical management of primary RRD has changed greatly in 20 years. Success rates have changed little, despite availability of differing surgical techniques. (+info)Outcomes of extracapsular surgery in eye camps of eastern Nepal. (3/91)
BACKGROUND: Extracapsular cataract (ECCE) surgery is becoming increasingly popular in surgical eye camps of developing countries. This study assesses the outcome of 166 eyes at 6 weeks and 14 and 32 months after ECCE with and without implantation of intraocular lens in refugee camps of eastern Nepal. METHOD: All patients operated on in seven refugee camps during the 3 years before the assessment were included in the study population. Visual acuity, examination of anterior segment and posterior segments, and grading of capsular opacification using a standardised grading system were performed. RESULTS: Of 166 eyes examined, of which 49.4% were aphakic, 58% of eyes had very poor functional vision (WHO severe visual impairment-VA <6/60). After refraction and best correction 19% still had very poor vision. The aphakic eyes had both significantly poorer functional and best corrected vision than the pseudophakic eyes. In patients with intact posterior capsule clinically significant posterior capsular opacification was observed in over 10% of eyes at 14 months and 30% at 32 months. CONCLUSION: It was found that ECCE surgery in eye camps in this setting gave unacceptable outcomes because of a high rate of capsular rupture and posterior capsular opacification. Careful consideration should be given to the quality of the surgical set up and available resources and possibilities of postoperative follow up when ECCE is introduced in eye camps. (+info)Visual acuity and quality of life outcomes in cataract surgery patients in Hong Kong. (4/91)
BACKGROUND: Visual acuity, visual functioning, and vision related quality of life outcomes after cataract surgery were assessed in a population based study in a suburban area of Hong Kong. METHODS: A cluster sampling design was used to select apartment buildings within housing estates for enumeration. All enumerated residents 60 years of age or over were invited for an eye examination and visual acuity measurement at a site within each estate. Visual functioning (VF) and vision related quality of life (QOL) questionnaires were administered to interview subjects who had undergone cataract surgery and to unoperated people with presenting visual acuity less than 6/60 in either eye, and a sample of those with normal visual acuity. RESULTS: 36.6% of the 310 cataract operated individuals had presenting visual acuity 6/18 or better in both eyes, and 40.0% when measured by pinhole. 4.5% were blind, with presenting visual acuity less than 6/60 in both eyes. Of operated eyes, 59.6% presented with visual acuity 6/18 or better. 11.2% of the operated eyes were blind with vision less than 6/60. Visual acuity outcomes 6/18 or better were marginally associated with surgery in private versus public hospitals. Lens status (pseudophakic versus aphakic) and surgical period (within the most recent 3 years versus before) were not significantly related to vision outcomes. Mean VF and QOL scores decreased consistently with decreasing vision status. Spearman correlation with vision status was 0.420 for VF scores and 0.313 for QOL scores. Among VF/QOL subscales, correlation was strongest for visual perception (r = 0.447) among VF subscales and weakest for self care (r = 0.171) among QOL subscales. Regression adjusted VF and QOL total scores for cataract operated individuals were slightly lower than for those of visually comparable unoperated individuals (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Cataract operations in Hong Kong did not consistently produce good presenting visual acuity outcomes, suggesting that postoperative monitoring would be useful to minimise visual impairment in this population. Although vision outcomes were consistently correlated with all VF/QOL subscale scores, there was a differential impact with VF subscales usually being affected more by reduced acuity than the more general QOL subscales. (+info)Angle closure glaucoma following pupillary block in an aphakic perfluoropropane gas-filled eye. (5/91)
We report the case of a 35-year-old aphakic patient who developed an intractable secondary glaucoma due to angle closure after pupillary block following the use of perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas at a nonexpansile concentration of 14%. (+info)Longitudinal study on visual outcome and spectacle use after intracapsular cataract extraction in northern India. (6/91)
PURPOSE: More than 3 million cataract extractions are undertaken in India annually. Almost 60% of these operations are intracapsular Cataract Extractions. The subsequent optical correction is provided by aphakic spectacles. The aim of this study is to assess visual outcome and perceived benefits of post-operative use of aphakic spectacles. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-seven persons who had undergone intracapsular cataract extraction and had been given best corrected aphakic spectacles were evaluated one year following prescription of the best corrected aphakic spectacles. Out of these, 82.6% were re-examined in this interview-based longitudinal study. RESULTS: The mean age of the male participants was 65.95 years and that of females was 71.26 years. 81.2% of the participants were using the provided spectacles. There was no significant association between the spectacle use and gender of the participant. The commonest reason stated by the respondents, for the non-use of the spectacles was 'poor vision'. 61.7% of the current users of provided spectacles had a visual acuity of 6/18 or better. 91.1% of the current users were very satisfied with the spectacles. All the current users could now manage personal activities and the spectacles had facilitated independent mobility. There was no difference in the level of satisfaction between mono-aphakics and bi-aphakics. Among the satisfied users, the modal spherical power was +10 D followed by +11 D. About one-third of these required a cylindrical correction. CONCLUSION: Following intracapsular cataract extraction, provision of the best correction after cataract surgery is desirable to obtain an optimal visual outcome. (+info)Comparison of outcomes of primary and secondary implantation of scleral fixated posterior chamber intraocular lens. (7/91)
AIM: To assess and compare the results of primary and secondary implantation of scleral fixated posterior chamber intraocular lens (SFIOL). METHODS: The medical records of a consecutive series of 55 eyes of 55 patients with SFIOLs implanted during (group 1) or after (group 2) complicated senile cataract surgery were retrospectively reviewed and analysed. RESULTS: There were 30 and 25 eyes in group 1 and 2, respectively. Follow up was from 6 to 36 months. Mean logMAR postoperative best corrected visual acuity in group 1 was not significantly different (0.50 (SD 0.36)) from that of group 2 (0.36 (0.21)) (p=0.109). Postoperative best corrected visual acuity of 6/12 or better was achieved in 58.6% and 76.0% in group 1 and 2, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (p=0.177). In group 1, 25 (83.3%) eyes had a total of 55 early complications, while in group 2, 16 (64%) eyes had 26 early complications (p=0.028). The difference in early complication was statistically significant. For late complication after 1 month, 21 (70.0%) eyes had a total of 37 complications in group 1, while 13 eyes (52.0%) had 19 complications in group 2 (p=0.077). The difference in late complication was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Secondary implantation of SFIOL after cataract extraction seems to have a lower early complication rate than primary implantation in complicated cataract extraction although the final visual acuity and late complication rate are not significantly different. (+info)Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of pseudophakic and aphakic retinal detachments. (8/91)
We retrospectively evaluated the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of 20 pseudophakic retinal detachment (RD) patients (20 eyes) and 17 aphakic RD patients (17 eyes). Males were predominated in both groups. The time interval between cataract extraction and RD was 31 months on average in the pseudophakic group, 32 months with intact posterior capsule and 27 months with ruptured posterior capsule, and 148 months in the aphakic group. In 50% of cases with ruptured posterior capsule in the pseudophakic group, RD occurred within 1 year. The anatomic success rate was 95% in the pseudophakic group and 88% in the aphakic group. The most common cause of failure was the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Visual acuities more than 20/40 after RD surgery were found in 13 pseudophakic (65%) and 6 aphakic (36%) eyes. Aphakic patients were more inclined to have silent RD than pseudophakic patients because of their poor visual acuity. Post-operative follow-up is required especially for the first 1 year in cases of damaged posterior capsule due to the high incidence of RD during this period. (+info)Aphakia is a medical condition in which the lens of the eye is completely or partially missing. This can occur due to trauma, surgery, or a congenital defect. Without a lens, the eye is unable to focus light properly, leading to vision loss or blindness. In some cases, an artificial lens may be implanted to replace the missing lens and restore vision. Aphakia can also increase the risk of other eye problems, such as cataracts and glaucoma.
Endophthalmitis is a serious medical condition that occurs when the inner part of the eye, called the vitreous humor, becomes infected or inflamed. This can happen as a result of a bacterial, fungal, or viral infection, or it can be caused by a traumatic injury to the eye. Symptoms of endophthalmitis may include severe eye pain, redness, sensitivity to light, and vision loss. If left untreated, endophthalmitis can lead to permanent vision loss or even blindness. Treatment for endophthalmitis typically involves the use of antibiotics or antifungal medications to fight the infection, as well as surgery to remove any infected or damaged tissue from the eye. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you suspect that you or someone else may have endophthalmitis, as prompt treatment is crucial for preventing permanent damage to the eye.
Aphakia, postcataract refers to the condition of having no lens in the eye after cataract surgery. Cataract surgery involves removing the cloudy natural lens of the eye and replacing it with an artificial lens. If the natural lens is not removed completely during surgery, or if the artificial lens does not fit properly, it can result in aphakia. This condition can cause a variety of visual problems, including difficulty focusing on objects, sensitivity to light, and double vision. Treatment for aphakia may include the use of glasses or contact lenses to correct vision, or the implantation of a new artificial lens.
Contact lenses are thin, transparent lenses that are placed directly on the surface of the eye to correct vision problems such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. They are made of materials such as silicone hydrogel, hydrogel, or gas-permeable materials and come in various shapes and sizes to fit different eye shapes and prescriptions. Contact lenses can be worn on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis, and they can be disposable or reusable. They are a popular alternative to glasses for people who want to improve their vision and enhance their appearance. In the medical field, contact lenses are prescribed by eye care professionals, such as optometrists or ophthalmologists, and are fitted and monitored by trained technicians. Proper care and maintenance of contact lenses are essential to prevent eye infections and other complications.
Pseudophakia is a medical condition in which a person has an artificial lens implanted in their eye, but the natural lens has not been removed. This is in contrast to phakia, which refers to a person who has a natural lens in their eye. Pseudophakia is often seen in people who have had cataract surgery, in which the natural lens is removed and replaced with an artificial one. The term "pseudophakia" is used to distinguish between people who have had cataract surgery and those who have not.
Cataract extraction is a surgical procedure to remove a cataract, which is a clouding of the natural lens in the eye. The cataract can cause vision loss and other complications, and cataract extraction is often the only effective treatment for this condition. During the procedure, the surgeon makes a small incision in the eye and removes the cloudy lens. The surgeon may then implant an artificial lens, called an intraocular lens (IOL), to replace the removed lens and improve vision. The IOL can be a permanent implant or can be removed at a later date if necessary. Cataract extraction is typically performed under local anesthesia, which numbs the eye and surrounding area. The procedure is usually quick and painless, and most people are able to return home the same day. After the procedure, patients may experience some discomfort, blurry vision, and sensitivity to light, but these symptoms usually improve within a few days to a week.
A cataract is a clouding of the natural lens in the eye that affects vision. The lens is responsible for focusing light onto the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. When the lens becomes cloudy, it can interfere with the ability of light to pass through and be focused properly, leading to vision problems. Cataracts are a common age-related condition, but they can also be caused by injury, disease, or certain medications. Symptoms of cataracts may include blurry vision, difficulty seeing at night, sensitivity to light, double vision, and the appearance of halos around lights. Treatment for cataracts typically involves surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens. This procedure, called cataract surgery, is generally safe and effective, and can significantly improve vision in people with cataracts.
Contact lenses, hydrophilic are a type of contact lens that are made from a hydrophilic (water-loving) material. These lenses are designed to absorb and retain water, which helps to keep the surface of the lens moist and comfortable on the eye. Hydrophilic contact lenses are typically worn for longer periods of time than other types of contact lenses, as they are less likely to dry out and irritate the eye. They are also generally easier to handle and put in and out of the eye than other types of contact lenses. Hydrophilic contact lenses are available in a variety of materials, including silicone hydrogel, and are used to correct a range of vision problems, including nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism.
Blindness is a medical condition characterized by a severe loss of vision that affects a person's ability to see and navigate their environment. In medical terms, blindness is defined as visual acuity of less than 20/200 in the better eye, even with corrective lenses. This means that a person with blindness cannot see as well as a person with normal vision, and may have difficulty recognizing faces, reading, or performing other tasks that require good vision. Blindness can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic disorders, eye injuries, infections, diseases such as glaucoma or cataracts, and aging. It can also be caused by neurological conditions such as stroke or brain injury, or by certain medications or toxins. Treatment for blindness depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, corrective lenses or surgery may be able to improve vision. In other cases, rehabilitation and assistive technology such as braille, audio books, and guide dogs may be necessary to help individuals with blindness live independently and participate fully in society.
Microphthalmos is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally small size of one or both eyes. The term "microphthalmos" comes from the Greek words "micros," meaning small, and "ophthalmos," meaning eye. Microphthalmos can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic mutations, exposure to certain teratogens (substances that can cause birth defects), or abnormalities in the development of the eye during fetal development. Symptoms of microphthalmos may include a small, misshapen eye, reduced vision, and an increased risk of developing glaucoma or other eye problems. In some cases, microphthalmos can also be associated with other medical conditions, such as cleft palate or intellectual disability. Treatment for microphthalmos depends on the severity of the condition and the specific symptoms experienced by the individual. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct vision or prevent complications such as glaucoma. In other cases, supportive care and regular monitoring by an ophthalmologist may be sufficient.
Hyphema is a medical condition characterized by the presence of blood within the front part of the eye, known as the anterior chamber. It occurs when blood vessels in the eye are damaged, causing blood to leak into the anterior chamber. Hyphema can be caused by a variety of factors, including blunt trauma to the eye, eye surgery, high blood pressure, or certain medical conditions such as sickle cell disease or glaucoma. Symptoms of hyphema may include eye pain, redness, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, and the appearance of a red ring around the iris. In severe cases, hyphema can lead to vision loss if it is not treated promptly. Treatment for hyphema typically involves rest, ice packs, and the use of eye drops to reduce inflammation and prevent further bleeding. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the blood from the anterior chamber and restore normal vision.
Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous (PHPV) is a rare congenital eye disorder that affects the development of the vitreous humor, a clear gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina in the eye. In PHPV, the vitreous humor does not fully develop and remains in a hyperplastic (overgrown) state, leading to a variety of eye problems. There are two types of PHPV: Type I and Type II. Type I PHPV is the more common form and is characterized by the presence of a cyst or mass in the vitreous humor, which can cause the eye to become cloudy and the vision to be impaired. Type II PHPV is a more severe form of the disorder and is characterized by the presence of multiple cysts or masses in the vitreous humor, which can cause the eye to become severely clouded and the vision to be lost. PHPV is typically diagnosed in infancy or early childhood, and treatment may involve surgery to remove the cyst or mass and improve vision. However, in some cases, the condition may be managed with observation and regular eye exams.
Refractive errors are a group of conditions that affect the way light passes through the eye and reaches the retina. The retina is a light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye that converts light into electrical signals that are sent to the brain for processing. When light does not pass through the eye correctly, it can result in refractive errors. Refractive errors can be classified into three main categories: myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism. Myopia occurs when the eye is too long or the cornea is too curved, causing light to focus in front of the retina instead of on it. Hyperopia occurs when the eye is too short or the cornea is too flat, causing light to focus behind the retina instead of on it. Astigmatism occurs when the cornea is irregularly shaped, causing light to focus unevenly on the retina. Refractive errors can be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery. The type of correction needed depends on the severity and type of refractive error, as well as the individual's visual needs and lifestyle. Regular eye exams are important for detecting and managing refractive errors to prevent vision loss and maintain good eye health.
Aniseikonia refers to a condition in which the two eyes have different visual fields or images. This can result in a distorted or mismatched perception of the visual world, and can cause symptoms such as double vision, difficulty reading, and problems with depth perception. Aniseikonia can be caused by a variety of factors, including eye injuries, diseases such as glaucoma or cataracts, or the use of certain medications. Treatment for aniseikonia depends on the underlying cause and may include corrective lenses, surgery, or other interventions.
List of MeSH codes (C11)
Aphakic Pupillary Block: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
Aphakic Pupillary Block: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
Fungal Endophthalmitis and it's Management
Pesquisa | Prevenção e Controle de Câncer
Artificial iris-lens diaphragm in reconstructive surgery for aniridia and aphakia - PubMed
List of MeSH codes (C11) - Wikipedia
MeSH Browser
MeSH Browser
Aphakia | Profiles RNS
DeCS
T000001A 23187
TERM
Senile Cataract (Age-Related Cataract) Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations
Senile Cataract (Age-Related Cataract): Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
Midríase/cirurgia
Journal of Glaucoma and Cataract
Cataract3
- To determine the efficacy and safety of surgical implantation of artificial iris-lens diaphragm in patients with anatomic or functional iris deficiencies, aphakia or cataract. (nih.gov)
- Aphakia, the absence of the crystalline lens, may occur as a result of trauma, lens subluxation or dislocation, or surgical management of a visually significant cataract. (medscape.com)
- Pupillary block in aphakia was a significant complication following round-pupil cataract extraction (without sector iridectomy). (medscape.com)
Descriptor1
- Aphakia" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ouhsc.edu)
