DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase
Hominidae
Gorilla gorilla
Pongo pygmaeus
Pan paniscus
Hylobates
Leukemia Virus, Gibbon Ape
Skin Ulcer
Leishmaniasis, Visceral
Encyclopedias as Topic
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous
Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous
Leishmania
A new group of hepadnaviruses naturally infecting orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus). (1/102)
A high prevalence (42.6%) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was suspected in 195 formerly captive orangutans due to a large number of serum samples which cross-reacted with human HBV antigens. It was assumed that such viral infections were contracted from humans during captivity. However, two wild orangutans were identified which were HBV surface antigen positive, indicating that HBV or related viruses may be occurring naturally in the orangutan populations. Sequence analyses of seven isolates revealed that orangutans were infected with hepadnaviruses but that these were clearly divergent from the six known human HBV genotypes and those of other nonhuman hepadnaviruses reported. Phylogenetic analyses revealed geographic clustering with Southeast Asian genotype C viruses and gibbon ape HBV. This implies a common origin of infection within this geographic region, with cross-species transmission of hepadnaviruses among hominoids. (+info)Evaluation of accumulation of hepatitis C virus mutations in a chronically infected chimpanzee: comparison of the core, E1, HVR1, and NS5b regions. (2/102)
Four hepatitis C virus genome regions (the core, E1, HVR1, and NS5b) were amplified and sequenced from yearly samples obtained from a chronically infected chimpanzee over a 12-year span. Nucleotide substitutions were found to accumulate in the core, E1, and HVR1 regions during the course of chronic infection; substitutions within the NS5b region were not detected for the first 8 years and were found to be minimal during the last 4 years. The rate of accumulation of mutations in the core and E1 regions, based on a direct comparison between the first 1979 sequence and the last 1990 sequence, was 1.120 x 10(-3), while phylogenetic ancestral comparison using the 12 yearly sequences showed a rate of 0.816 x 10(-3) bases per site per year. Temporal evaluation of the sequences revealed that there appeared to be periods in which substitutions accumulated and became fixed, followed by periods with relative stasis or random substitutions that did not persist. Synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions within the core, E1, and HVR1 regions were also analyzed. In the core and E1 regions, synonymous substitutions predominated and gradually increased over time. However, within the HVR1 region, nonsynonymous substitutions predominated but gradually decreased over time. (+info)Molecular epidemiology of simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV) in wild-caught monkeys and apes from Cameroon: a new STLV-1, related to human T-lymphotropic virus subtype F, in a Cercocebus agilis. (3/102)
A serological survey for human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)/simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV) antibodies was performed in 102 wild-caught monkeys and apes from 15 (sub)species originating from Cameroon. Two animals (a Mandrillus sphinx and a Cercocebus agilis) exhibited a complete HTLV-1 seroreactivity pattern while two others lacked either the p24 (a Mandrillus sphinx) or the MTA-1/gp46 bands (a Pan troglodytes). Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analyses, using a 522 bp env gene fragment and the complete LTR, indicated that the two mandrill STLV strains belonged to the HTLV/STLV subtype D clade while the chimpanzee strain clustered in the HTLV/STLV subtype B clade. The Cercocebus agilis STLV strain, the first one found in this species, was closely related to the two HTLV/STLV subtype F strains. Such data indicate that the African biodiversity of STLV-1 in the wild is far from being known and reinforces the hypothesis of interspecies transmission of STLV-1 from monkeys and apes to humans leading to the present day distribution of HTLV-1 in African inhabitants. (+info)Cryptosporidiosis in people sharing habitats with free-ranging mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei), Uganda. (4/102)
Cryptosporidiosis, a zoonotic diarrheal disease, significantly contributes to the mortality of people with impaired immune systems worldwide. Infections with an animal-adapted genotype (Genotype 2) of Cryptosporidium parvum were found in a human population in Uganda that shares habitats with free-ranging gorillas, from which the same genotype of C. parvum had been recovered previously. A high prevalence of disease was found in park staff members (21%) who frequently contact gorillas versus 3% disease prevalence in the local community. This indicates a zoonotic transmission cycle of this pathogen against which no effective prophylaxis or therapy exists. The results of the study questionnaire demonstrated a high percentage of people not undertaking appropriate precautions to prevent fecal-oral transmission of C. parvum in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda. This human population will benefit from stronger compliance with park regulations regarding disposal of their fecal waste within the park boundaries. (+info)Identification of a hepatitis B virus genome in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthi) from East Africa indicates a wide geographical dispersion among equatorial African primates. (5/102)
DNAs from four wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthi) from eastern Africa were screened for 14 DNA viruses and retroviruses. Between two and three viruses were found in each animal. An entire hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome was amplified and sequenced from samples taken from one animal. This indicates that HBV is distributed across the entire range of chimpanzee habitats. (+info)Reduced transmission and prevalence of simian T-cell lymphotropic virus in a closed breeding colony of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus). (6/102)
A retrospective study spanning 20 years was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and modes of transmission of a simian T-cell lymphotropic virus (STLV) in a closed breeding colony of chimpanzees. Of the 197 animals tested, 22 had antibodies that were cross-reactive with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-I) antigens. The specificity of the antibody response was confirmed by Western blot analysis and the presence of a persistent virus infection was established by PCR analysis of DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Sequence analysis revealed that the virus infecting these chimpanzees was not HTLV-I but STLV(cpz), a virus that naturally infects chimpanzees. The limited number of transmission events suggested that management practices of social housing of family units away from troops of mature males might have prevented the majority of cases of transmission. Evidence for transmission by blood-to-blood contact was documented clearly in at least one instance. In contrast, transmission from infected mother to child was not observed, suggesting that this is not a common route of transmission for STLV in this species, which is in contrast to HTLV-1 in humans. (+info)Screening for simian foamy virus infection by using a combined antigen Western blot assay: evidence for a wide distribution among Old World primates and identification of four new divergent viruses. (7/102)
Simian foamy viruses (SFVs) belong to a genetically and antigenically diverse class of retroviruses that naturally infect a wide range of nonhuman primates (NHPs) and can also be transmitted to humans occupationally exposed to NHPs. Current serologic detection of SFV infection requires separate Western blot (WB) testing by using two different SFV antigens [SFV(AGM) (African green monkey) and SFV(CPZ) (chimpanzee)]. However, this method is labor intensive and validation is limited to only small numbers of NHPs. To facilitate serologic SFV testing, we developed a WB assay that combines antigens from both SFV(AGM) and SFV(CPZ). The combined-antigen WB (CA-WB) assay was validated with 145 serum samples from 129 NHPs (32 African and Asian species) and 16 humans, all with known SFV infection status determined by PCR. Concordant CA-WB results were obtained for all 145 PCR-positive or -negative primate and human specimens, giving the assay a 100% sensitivity and specificity. In addition, no reactivity was observed in sera from persons positive for human immunodeficiency virus or human T cell lymphotropic virus (HIV/HTLV) (n = 25) or HIV/HTLV-negative U.S. blood donors (n = 100). Using the CA-WB assay, we screened 360 sera from 43 Old World primate species and found an SFV prevalence of about 68% in both African and Asian primates. We also isolated SFV from the blood of four seropositive primates (Allenopithecus nigroviridis, Trachypithecus francoisi, Hylobates pileatus, and H. leucogenys) not previously known to be infected with SFV. Phylogenetic analysis of integrase sequences from these isolates confirmed that all four SFVs represent new, distinct, and highly divergent lineages. These results demonstrate the ability of the CA-WB assay to detect infection in a large number of NHP species, including previously uncharacterized infections with divergent SFVs. (+info)Structural and evolutionary analysis of an orangutan foamy virus. (8/102)
The full-length proviral genome of a foamy virus infecting a Bornean orangutan was amplified, and its sequence was analyzed. Although the genome showed a clear resemblance to other published foamy virus genomes from apes and monkeys, phylogenetic analysis revealed that simian foamy virus SFVora was evolutionarily equidistant from foamy viruses from other hominoids and from those from Old World monkeys. This finding suggests an independent evolution within its host over a long period of time. (+info)I'm not aware of a specific medical term called "Ape diseases." However, many primates, including apes, can suffer from diseases that are similar to those that affect humans. Some examples include:
1. Tuberculosis (TB): Both humans and apes can be infected with this bacterial disease, which primarily affects the lungs but can also impact other parts of the body.
2. Hepatitis: Apes can contract various forms of hepatitis, such as hepatitis B and C, just like humans. These viral infections affect the liver and can cause acute or chronic illness.
3. Respiratory infections: Both apes and humans are susceptible to respiratory infections caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.
4. Gastrointestinal diseases: Apes can suffer from gastrointestinal issues, such as diarrhea, due to various bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections.
5. Retroviral infections: Some apes are known to be infected with retroviruses, like simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), which is similar to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). SIV can lead to a condition called simian AIDS in apes.
6. Zoonotic diseases: Apes can contract zoonotic diseases, which are transmitted from animals to humans, such as Ebola and Marburg viruses.
7. Cardiovascular diseases: Apes can develop heart conditions similar to those seen in humans, including hypertension and atherosclerosis.
8. Neurological disorders: Some apes may suffer from neurological issues, like Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease, although research on these topics is still ongoing.
It's important to note that while apes can contract many of the same diseases as humans, there are also numerous diseases specific to each species due to differences in genetics, environment, and behavior.
Hominidae, also known as the "great apes," is a family of primates that includes humans (Homo sapiens), orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus), gorillas (Gorilla gorilla and Gorilla beringei), bonobos (Pan paniscus), and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). This family is characterized by their upright walking ability, although not all members exhibit this trait. Hominidae species are known for their high intelligence, complex social structures, and expressive facial features. They share a common ancestor with the Old World monkeys, and fossil records suggest that this split occurred around 25 million years ago.
"Gorilla gorilla" is the scientific name for the Western Gorilla, a subspecies of the Gorilla genus. Western Gorillas are divided into two subspecies: the Western Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) and the Cross River Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla diehli). Western Gorillas are native to the forests of central Africa, with Western Lowland Gorillas found in countries such as Gabon, Cameroon, Congo, and Equatorial Guinea, and Cross River Gorillas having a more restricted range along the border region of Nigeria and Cameroon.
Western Lowland Gorillas are the most numerous and widespread of all gorilla subspecies, but they still face significant threats from habitat loss, poaching, and disease. Cross River Gorillas are one of the world's 25 most endangered primates, with only a few hundred individuals remaining in the wild. Conservation efforts are underway to protect both subspecies and their habitats, including anti-poaching patrols, habitat restoration, and community education programs.
"Pongo pygmaeus" is the scientific name for the Bornean orangutan, a great ape species native to the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. They are one of the two species of orangutans, with the other being "Pongo abelii," the Sumatran orangutan. Bornean orangutans are highly intelligent and exhibit advanced tool use, social behaviors, and emotional expressions. They have a reddish-brown fur coat, long arms, and a distinctively shaped face. Unfortunately, they are critically endangered due to habitat loss and hunting.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Pan paniscus" is actually the scientific name for a species of primate, specifically the Bonobo or "Pygmy Chimpanzee." Here is the medical/scientific definition:
Pan paniscus, also known as the Bonobo or Pygmy Chimpanzee, is one of the two extant species in the genus Pan, the other being Pan troglodytes (the Common Chimpanzee). Bonobos are native to the Democratic Republic of Congo in Central Africa. They are smaller than Common Chimpanzees and have a more gracile build, darker coat, and distinctive hair parting down the middle of their head.
Bonobos share approximately 98.7% of their DNA with humans, making them our closest living relatives alongside Common Chimpanzees. They are highly social animals, living in complex fission-fusion communities with fluid membership. Bonobos exhibit unique behaviors such as sexual interactions to reduce tension and promote social bonding, which sets them apart from other primates, including Common Chimpanzees.
If you have any questions about veterinary medicine or animal health, please feel free to ask!
"Hylobates" is not a medical term, but a biological genus name. It refers to a group of small, tailless primates known as gibbons or lesser apes, which are native to the forests of Southeast Asia. They are known for their agility in moving through trees by brachiation (arm-over-arm swinging).
There are currently 10 species recognized in the genus Hylobates, including the lar gibbon, agile gibbon, and siamang. While not a medical term, understanding the natural history of animals like gibbons can be important for medical professionals who work with them or study their diseases, as well as for conservationists and others interested in their welfare.
Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus (GaLV) is not exactly a "leukemia virus" in the sense that it directly causes leukemia in humans. Instead, GaLV is a type of retrovirus that primarily infects gibbons and some other non-human primates. It's important to note that GaLV is not known to infect or cause disease in healthy human beings.
GaLV has four subtypes (A, B, C, and D), with A and B being the most well-studied. These viruses have a close genetic relationship with certain human retroviruses, such as Human T-cell Leukemia Virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II). Although GaLV is not known to cause leukemia or any other diseases in humans directly, it has served as an important model for understanding the biology and pathogenesis of retroviruses, including those that can cause leukemia and other malignancies in humans.
The term "leukemia virus" is often used to describe retroviruses that can cause leukemia or lymphoma, such as HTLV-I/II and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). GaLV does not fit into this category for humans, but it's essential to understand its role in the context of retroviral research and comparative primatology.
A skin ulcer is a defined as a loss of continuity or disruption of the skin surface, often accompanied by inflammation and/or infection. These lesions can result from various causes including pressure, venous or arterial insufficiency, diabetes, and chronic dermatological conditions. Skin ulcers are typically characterized by their appearance, depth, location, and underlying cause. Common types of skin ulcers include pressure ulcers (also known as bedsores), venous leg ulcers, arterial ulcers, and diabetic foot ulcers. Proper evaluation, wound care, management of underlying conditions, and prevention strategies are crucial in the treatment of skin ulcers to promote healing and prevent complications.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, is a systemic protozoan disease caused by the Leishmania donovani complex. It is the most severe form of leishmaniasis and is characterized by fever, weight loss, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia. If left untreated, it can be fatal in over 95% of cases within 2 years of onset of symptoms. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female sandflies (Phlebotomus spp. or Lutzomyia spp.). The parasites enter the skin and are taken up by macrophages, where they transform into amastigotes and spread to internal organs such as the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. Diagnosis is typically made through demonstration of the parasite in tissue samples or through serological tests. Treatment options include antimonial drugs, amphotericin B, miltefosine, and paromomycin. Prevention measures include vector control, early detection and treatment, and protection against sandfly bites.
An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with Leishmania parasites, which are transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The disease primarily affects the skin and mucous membranes, causing lesions that can be disfiguring and stigmatizing. There are several clinical forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis, including localized, disseminated, and mucocutaneous.
Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of the disease, characterized by the development of one or more nodular or ulcerative lesions at the site of the sandfly bite, typically appearing within a few weeks to several months after exposure. The lesions may vary in size and appearance, ranging from small papules to large plaques or ulcers, and can be painful or pruritic (itchy).
Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis is a more severe form of the disease, characterized by the widespread dissemination of lesions across the body. This form of the disease typically affects people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or those receiving immunosuppressive therapy.
Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is a rare but severe form of the disease, characterized by the spread of infection from the skin to the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and throat. This can result in extensive tissue destruction, disfigurement, and functional impairment.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is diagnosed through a combination of clinical evaluation, epidemiological data, and laboratory tests such as parasite detection using microscopy or molecular techniques, or serological tests to detect antibodies against the Leishmania parasites. Treatment options for cutaneous leishmaniasis include systemic or topical medications, such as antimonial drugs, miltefosine, or pentamidine, as well as physical treatments such as cryotherapy or thermotherapy. The choice of treatment depends on various factors, including the species of Leishmania involved, the clinical form of the disease, and the patient's overall health status.
Leishmaniasis is a complex of diseases caused by the protozoan parasites of the Leishmania species, which are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies. The disease presents with a variety of clinical manifestations, depending upon the Leishmania species involved and the host's immune response.
There are three main forms of leishmaniasis: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar. CL typically presents with skin ulcers, while MCL is characterized by the destruction of mucous membranes in the nose, mouth, and throat. VL, the most severe form, affects internal organs such as the spleen, liver, and bone marrow, causing symptoms like fever, weight loss, anemia, and enlarged liver and spleen.
Leishmaniasis is prevalent in many tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of Asia, Africa, South America, and southern Europe. The prevention strategies include using insect repellents, wearing protective clothing, and improving housing conditions to minimize exposure to sandflies. Effective treatment options are available for leishmaniasis, depending on the form and severity of the disease, geographical location, and the Leishmania species involved.
Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (MCL) is a chronic, granulomatous disease caused by an infection with Leishmania species, primarily L. braziliensis and L. guyanensis. It affects both the mucous membranes (such as those of the nose, mouth, and throat) and the skin.
The initial infection often occurs through the bite of an infected female sandfly, which transmits the parasitic protozoa into the host's skin. After a variable incubation period, the disease can manifest in different clinical forms, including localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.
MCL is characterized by progressive destruction of the mucous membranes, leading to deformities and functional impairments. The infection typically starts as a cutaneous lesion at the site of the sandfly bite, which heals spontaneously within several months. However, in some cases, the parasites disseminate to the mucous membranes, causing severe inflammation, ulceration, and tissue necrosis.
Symptoms of MCL include:
1. Destruction of nasal septum, leading to a saddle-nose deformity
2. Perforation of the palate or septum
3. Hoarseness or loss of voice due to laryngeal involvement
4. Difficulty swallowing and speaking
5. Chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, or otitis media
6. Severe disfigurement and functional impairments in advanced cases
Diagnosis is usually made by identifying the parasites in tissue samples (such as biopsies) using microscopy, culture, or PCR-based methods. Treatment typically involves systemic antiparasitic drugs, such as pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin B, miltefosine, or combination therapies, along with surgical interventions to reconstruct damaged tissues in advanced cases.
Leishmania is a genus of protozoan parasites that are the causative agents of Leishmaniasis, a group of diseases with various clinical manifestations. These parasites are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies. The disease has a wide geographic distribution, mainly in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of Asia, Africa, South America, and Southern Europe.
The Leishmania species have a complex life cycle that involves two main stages: the promastigote stage, which is found in the sandfly vector, and the amastigote stage, which infects mammalian hosts, including humans. The clinical manifestations of Leishmaniasis depend on the specific Leishmania species and the host's immune response to the infection.
The three main forms of Leishmaniasis are:
1. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL): This form is characterized by skin lesions, such as ulcers or nodules, that can take several months to heal and may leave scars. CL is caused by various Leishmania species, including L. major, L. tropica, and L. aethiopica.
2. Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL): Also known as kala-azar, VL affects internal organs such as the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. Symptoms include fever, weight loss, anemia, and enlarged liver and spleen. VL is caused by L. donovani, L. infantum, and L. chagasi species.
3. Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (MCL): This form affects the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and throat, causing destruction of tissues and severe disfigurement. MCL is caused by L. braziliensis and L. guyanensis species.
Prevention and control measures for Leishmaniasis include vector control, early diagnosis and treatment, and protection against sandfly bites through the use of insect repellents and bed nets.
Leishmaniasis
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New urgency in protecting Ape Cave from deadly disease - The Columbian
Chlamydia-Related Bacteria in Free-Living and Captive Great Apes, Gabon - Volume 22, Number 12-December 2016 - Emerging...
Disease Trends in Central Africa: The Implications on Great Ape Health and Wildlife Conservation - AAZV 2002 - VIN
Anthrax - Spreading The Disease Japan mp3, ape music - JapansMusic.com
Leishmaniasis - Wikipedia
A multi-disciplinary comparison of great ape gut microbiota in a central African forest and European zoo | Scientific Reports
Psittacosis (Parrot Fever): Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
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Mice get human brain cells and get smarter, too
Steven Gundry, MD - Renowned Cardiologist and Author of The Plant Paradox - June 8, 2017 | One Radio Network
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Latest news, opinion, analysis on coronavirus outbreak, Videos, photos, magazine stories | Down To Earth
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Halfbakery: Soy-Rilla
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South Haven Sentinel Archives, Dec 14, 1895, p. 2
Massive Study Across Western Equatorial Africa Finds More Gorillas and Chimpanzees Than Expected, but 80% Are Outside the Safe...
Humans15
- Diseases can significantly affect wild primate conservation efforts and humans sharing the same habitat. (vin.com)
- Humans may acquire disease by handling sick birds. (medscape.com)
- Humans are apes. (creation.com)
- Understandably, researchers are scrambling to shed light on the devastating impact that the disease has on humans, leaving the great apes hidden in the dark. (listverse.com)
- There are a number of diseases that are specific to humans -- neuropsychiatric diseases, schizophrenia, bipolar disease. (nbcnews.com)
- I conduct research on resource competition (crops, wild foods, space), disease transmission, and aggressive interactions between sympatric humans and chimpanzees across equatorial Africa. (exeter.ac.uk)
- The closer the contact the greater the risk humans and animals will pass devastating diseases to. (pulitzercenter.org)
- Lethal diseases, including Ebola and HIV, have jumped from apes to humans. (pulitzercenter.org)
- Others, such as influenza and polio, have gone the opposite route, passing from humans to apes. (pulitzercenter.org)
- Of the 400 or so emerging infectious diseases identified since 1940, more than 60% have been zoonotic, meaning they have passed from animals to humans. (pulitzercenter.org)
- Alongside hunting and deforestation, infectious diseases are a major threat - and genetic similarity with humans means great apes can catch some diseases from people. (exeter.ac.uk)
- Previous research has identified outbreaks of such viruses among chimpanzees , while another study found that nearly every mountain gorilla group visited by humans in Rwanda experienced at least one outbreak of respiratory disease . (exeter.ac.uk)
- Whereas their forager ancestors "suffered less from infectious diseases," thanks in part to a more varied diet, the lion's share of the "infectious diseases that have plagued agricultural and industrial societies (such as smallpox, measles and tuberculosis) originated in domesticated animals and were transferred to humans only after the Agricultural Revolution. (breakpoint.org)
- Dogs don't produce cats and individual apes don't morph into humans. (topdocumentaryfilms.com)
- Human Ape Science - 93 min - ★ 8.26 Humans are apes. (topdocumentaryfilms.com)
Infectious diseases5
- Infectious diseases are major threats to apes in Africa. (cdc.gov)
- Additional threats include infectious diseases and likely climate change in the near future. (mpg.de)
- Whereas infectious diseases affecting apes are of great interest to many researchers, not much work has been done regarding the potential impact of climate change. (mpg.de)
- Explore the latest questions and answers in Emerging Infectious Diseases, and find Emerging Infectious Diseases experts. (researchgate.net)
- What are the Early Warning Signs and Predictive Factors for Emerging Infectious Diseases? (researchgate.net)
Africa6
- About 200 million people in Asia, Africa, South and Central America, and southern Europe live in areas where the disease is common. (wikipedia.org)
- I supervise students working on human-great ape interactions across Africa, and have supervised dissertations on various aspects of wildlife behaviour and conservation across Africa, Asia, and the Neotropics. (exeter.ac.uk)
- It's great news that the forests of Western Equatorial Africa still contain hundreds of thousands of gorillas and chimpanzees, but we're also concerned that so many of these primates are outside of protected areas and vulnerable to poachers, disease, and habitat degradation and loss," said lead author Samantha Strindberg of WCS. (newswise.com)
- Respiratory viruses of human origin infect wild apes across Africa, sometimes lethally. (exeter.ac.uk)
- More than 1,000 people who have visited great ape tourism sites in Africa, or intend to do so, have completed a questionnaire created by the research team. (exeter.ac.uk)
- 26 April 2018: Gorillas and chimpanzees may be twice as numerous in West Africa as previously thought, but the apes are still endangered, declining fast and in dire need of protection, an international study found Wednesday. (egypttoday.com)
Conservation16
- As a result of poaching, diseases, and habitat loss, the western lowland gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla ) and the central chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes troglodytes ), both referred to as great apes, have been decreasing in numbers since 1970 and are now red-listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- Working with alliances between wildlife conservation non-governmental and national government organizations is key when developing a program aimed at protecting free-ranging lowland gorilla populations from the risk of emerging or introduced diseases. (vin.com)
- With the hopes of diminishing the negative impacts, when linked with monitoring and research, increased awareness and other preventive health measures will improve our understanding of the relationships between disease and population dynamics and the implication on human and great ape health and wildlife conservation. (vin.com)
- En 2016, l'UICN a requalifié le statut de conservation du chimpanzé d'Afrique de l'Ouest, Pan troglodytes verus, qui est passé de la catégorie « en danger » à la catégorie « en danger critique d'extinction », reflétant ainsi la situation désastreuse de cette sous-espèce. (stir.ac.uk)
- 3) collaborating with Government Organisations in the countries I work, and (4) influencing policy through active membership of professional conservation bodies including the Great Ape Section of the IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group. (exeter.ac.uk)
- My interests in Animal Behaviour and Conservation Science are broad, and I am currently conducting research in four diverse, but interlinked, areas: (1) human-wildlife interactions and applied animal conservation, (2) primate behavioural flexibility and cognition in anthropogenic habitats, (3) great ape tool-use and material culture, and (4) wildlife use of ethanol. (exeter.ac.uk)
- My research interests focus on various issues in ape conservation, the development of wildlife survey and monitoring techniques, as well as questions in ape population ecology. (mpg.de)
- Therefore, the easy accessibility of information on population status, threats and conservation opportunities is an important issue in ape conservation. (mpg.de)
- Côte d'Ivoire (Paul K. N'Goran, Genevieve Campbell), modeling past and present ape occurrence probability (Jessica Junker), or the effectiveness of ape conservation sites, including edge effects and law enforcement activities (Sandra Tranquilli). (mpg.de)
- These GIS layers can then be used in ape conservation planning and management evaluation. (mpg.de)
- Said co-author Dave Morgan of the Lincoln Park Zoo and Goualougo Triangle Ape Project: "The boots on the ground research teams and partnerships are crucial to the success of these programs and the conservation of gorillas and chimpanzees. (newswise.com)
- That is the Volcanoes great ape ecotourism model - around our lodges and wilderness areas we seek to create sensitive ecotourism that is linked to conservation and communities. (volcanoessafaris.com)
- Education for the conservation of great apes and other wildlife in northern Congo - the importance of nature clubs. (fao.org)
- The research team includes veterinarians, great ape disease experts and great ape conservation scientists, and the measures they suggest are endorsed by the great ape section of the IUCN Primate Specialist Group. (exeter.ac.uk)
- Spanning 59 sites in five countries surveyed over 11 years, it is the most comprehensive and accurate dataset ever compiled on these apes, said one of the lead authors, Fiona Maisels, conservation scientist for the Wildlife Conservation Society. (egypttoday.com)
- Given that gorillas are more numerous and chimpanzees are more ecologically resilient than expected, and that large areas of ecologically functional great ape habitat remain, we are hopeful that robust conservation policies, well-managed parks, and responsible industrial practices can stop their declines and provide for secure and thriving populations," the study concluded. (egypttoday.com)
Primates3
- Raised on a horse farm in Wisconsin, Khan has a passion for animals, especially primates and most especially orangutans, a great ape found in Asian rainforests and admired for its intelligence. (pulitzercenter.org)
- The fact that we share so many diseases with primates tells us about evolution," explains Tony Goldberg, the UW professor of epidemiology who led the investigation into Mahal's death. (pulitzercenter.org)
- Originally, the patent (EP3066203) granted by the European Patent Office (EPO) in 2020, covered all rodents and non-human primates up to and including great apes, in which genetic engineering is used to induce certain symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. (testbiotech.org)
Ebola9
- In addition to Ebola virus disease, a leading cause of death, the health of great apes is compromised by infections with Bacillus anthracis , Staphylococcus aureus , and Plasmodium falciparum ( 1 - 4 ). (cdc.gov)
- Diagnosing Ebola disease shortly after infection can be difficult. (cdc.gov)
- Early symptoms of Ebola disease such as fever, headache, and weakness are not specific to infection with ebolaviruses and often are seen in patients with other more common diseases, like malaria and typhoid fever . (cdc.gov)
- To determine whether Ebola disease is a possible diagnosis, there must be a combination of symptoms suggestive of Ebola disease AND a possible exposure to an ebolavirus within 21 days before the onset of symptoms. (cdc.gov)
- semen from a man who has recovered from Ebola disease. (cdc.gov)
- If a person shows signs of Ebola disease and has had a possible exposure, he or she should be isolated (separated from other people) and public health authorities notified. (cdc.gov)
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a commonly used diagnostic method for Ebola disease because of its ability to detect low levels of an ebolavirus. (cdc.gov)
- Worse yet the consumption of bushmeat has been linked to the spread of several diseases including HIV and even Ebola. (halfbakery.com)
- The estimates are based on other factors known to influence ape numbers, such as proximity to roads and people, and recent outbreaks of Ebola virus which can be deadly. (egypttoday.com)
Chimpanzees4
- To learn more about the prevalence of Chlamydiales in great apes, we analyzed samples from critically endangered western lowland gorillas and endangered central chimpanzees from Gabon. (cdc.gov)
- Africa's great apes are chimpanzees, bonobos, western gorillas and eastern gorillas (which includes mountain gorillas). (exeter.ac.uk)
- We'll be talking about a deadly respiratory disease in wild chimpanzees. (cdc.gov)
- We did this study, which was a study of rhinovirus C in chimpanzees, because we found ourselves in the middle of a severe outbreak of respiratory disease in a wild chimpanzee population in Uganda. (cdc.gov)
Species5
- The treatment needed is determined by where the disease is acquired, the species of Leishmania, and the type of infection. (wikipedia.org)
- The celebration highlights the zoo's three ape species: western lowland gorillas, orangutans, and white-cheeked gibbons. (themagnificentmile.com)
- Wild ape species face a multitude of dangers and destruction, including habitat loss, hunting, and poaching. (orangutan.com)
- All of us involved in this area will need to find new economic, business ways of working to safeguard the great ape species and protected areas. (volcanoessafaris.com)
- The following tables summarise the notifiable diseases in Northern Ireland (NI), which species are affected by the disease and the last known occurrence of the disease in NI. (daera-ni.gov.uk)
Populations6
- Some diseases can eat through these wild populations and leave mass destruction in their wake. (listverse.com)
- On both Saturday and Sunday, zoogoers can also attend special Zoo Chats throughout Tropic World to learn more about ape populations, the dangers they face in the wild, and what can be done to help them. (themagnificentmile.com)
- Ape populations are declining and disappearing throughout their range. (mpg.de)
- Ape populations are not only threatened by habitat loss and hunting. (mpg.de)
- Unfortunately, the vast majority of these great apes (80 percent) exist outside of protected areas, and gorilla populations are declining by 2.7 percent annually. (newswise.com)
- As we all know, the populations of apes in the Congo basin are very threatened. (volcanoessafaris.com)
Monkeys2
- Since most apes and monkeys are very strong, and have vicious bites, this is not pleasant. (washingtonmonthly.com)
- Apes and monkeys are smart, but not tractable, except when they are young. (washingtonmonthly.com)
Gorillas4
- People and animals must live in harmony to exist - without tourism the interest in the future of gorillas is in danger of diminishing and disappearing all together, too much tourism and they are endangered by human disease and stress. (volcanoessafaris.com)
- These gorillas are considered critically endangered, and primary threats to their survival include disease, poaching, and habitat destruction due to farming and mining activities in their habitat. (si.edu)
- Gorillas are the largest of the great apes, but the western lowland gorilla is the smallest of the subspecies. (si.edu)
- Even though killing gorillas is illegal worldwide, hunting remains the top threat to survival, followed by disease and habitat loss. (egypttoday.com)
Nonhuman1
- I have a particular interest in the drivers of resource competition, disease transmission, and aggressive interactions between human and nonhuman great apes in shared landscapes. (exeter.ac.uk)
Bushmeat1
- Bushmeat consists of great apes who are hunted in great numbers and sold as food, as the jungle is harvested for wood (see link below). (halfbakery.com)
Dental caries2
- The bacteria in plaque causes the two major tooth-related diseases, cavities (dental caries) and gum disease (periodontitis). (stackexchange.com)
- Oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal disease is still public health problems, especially for some age ranges, gender, socioeconomic levels, education levels, and geographical sites 35 . (bvsalud.org)
Western lowland1
- Native to the Congo Basin, the western lowland gorilla is a quiet, peaceful and nonaggressive animal threatened by disease and poaching. (si.edu)
Zoonotic diseases4
- Recognition of the risks of zoonotic diseases was brought further into focus when reports of increased wildlife mortalities and human disease were occurring side by side during this current epidemic. (vin.com)
- Although pathogens will always play a role in wildlife ecology, the implications, under circumstances where introduced or emerging zoonotic diseases have such a devastating impact, are enormous and cannot be ignored. (vin.com)
- Continued research on the health implications of zoonotic diseases in and around the region is therefore essential and in motion. (vin.com)
- A 2012 report by researchers in Britain, Kenya and Vietnam found that each year zoonotic diseases account for 2.5 billion cases of human illness and about 2.7 million deaths. (pulitzercenter.org)
Congo1
- Although not easy, the model of Uganda and Rwanda can be exported to the Congo Basin Great Apes. (volcanoessafaris.com)
Wildlife4
- We've always kind of looked at Ape Cave especially as being an Achilles' heel," said Mitch Wainwright, a wildlife biologist working in the south district of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest where Mount St. Helens is located. (columbian.com)
- These findings can help inform national and regional management strategies that safeguard the remaining habitat, increase anti-poaching efforts, and curtail the effects of development on great apes and other wildlife. (newswise.com)
- Infectious animal diseases: the wildlife/livestock interface. (fao.org)
- The Wild Side of Disease Control at the Wildlife-Livestock-Human Interface: A Review. (fao.org)
Prevalence9
- Except 1 report of bacteria of the order Chlamydiales in a fecal sample from a wild-living Congolese P. troglodytes troglodytes ( 5 ), nothing is known about the prevalence of Chlamydiales in great apes. (cdc.gov)
- As one example, take the changed prevalence of genetic diseases. (creation.com)
- Although NHANES I provides a wealth of information on the prevalence of health conditions and risk factors, the cross-sectional nature of the original survey limits its usefulness in studying the effects of clinical, environmental, and behavioral factors and in tracing the natural history of disease. (cdc.gov)
- Introduction and objective: A number of studies have associated prevalence of oral diseases, socioeconomic factors, and dental services in Brazil, and this study aimed to review, in narrative mode, the causal nexus between them. (bvsalud.org)
- Literature review: The high prevalence of dental problems such as caries and periodontal disease is still found worldwide, despite the significant reduction. (bvsalud.org)
- In Brazil, these characteristics are exemplified by prevalence estimates found in the last oral health epidemiological survey- SB Brasil 2010 10 , despite of the reduction of caries disease in permanent teeth (DMFT) at the age ranged of 12 years and 15-19 years 10 . (bvsalud.org)
- Although caries disease historically tends to decline in prevalence means, - recorded worldwide 21 and in Brazilian young population 10 -, much remains to be done considering the economic, social, caring, and human consequences of the disease. (bvsalud.org)
- Notwithstanding, in Brazil, especially in North, there is a high extraction rate at the age range of 65-74 years, which may reflect a mutilating characteristic of the care model and also the prevalence of severe disease cases 10 . (bvsalud.org)
- The general aim of this review study is to explore the pertinent literature on findings correlating the prevalence of oral diseases, socioeconomic factors, and dental services and discuss on the consistence and scope of such causal nexus, weighing the importance to guide more resolute oral health politics and services. (bvsalud.org)
Neurological diseases2
- Both mortality and occurrence of iatrogenic illness were significantly associated with: higher PRISM score, use of mechanical ventilation, higher bed occupancy rate in the unit, presence of respiratory and neurological diseases, prolonged duration of stay in the intensive care unit and younger age of the child. (who.int)
- Oxidative stress and DNA damage have been proposed as mechanisms linking pesticide exposure to health effects such as cancer and neurological diseases. (cdc.gov)
Habitats1
- We conducted participant-observation and semi-structured interviews among people living near these great apes to understand better their feeding habits and habitats. (nature.com)
20231
- 2 February 2023 / A patent covering genetically engineered 'Alzheimer apes' has been significantly restricted after Testbiotech filed an opposition. (testbiotech.org)
Outbreak1
- The assertion that COVID-19 was a hoax was so detached from reality that the same baseless claim can be applied to any disease, and influential Republicans like Trump are ready to make that argument should the monkeypox outbreak become severe in the U.S. (lgbtqnation.com)
IUCN1
- In collaboration with IUCN/SSC/PSG Section on great apes, we implemented the A.P.E.S. database project ( http://apes.eva.mpg.de ) to compile and meta-analyze great ape survey data. (mpg.de)
Infection1
- Lyme disease is a multisystem infection, with infl am- tinents, and isolates of this clone were uniform in DNA se- matory complications that commonly affect the skin, joints, quences, which suggests a recent trans-oceanic migration. (cdc.gov)
Centers7
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
- Human health organization's efforts, such as the World Health Organization, the Medicines Sans Frontier, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the ant Militaire and the National inst es de Sant, therefore all became linked. (vin.com)
- From 1988-97, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) received 766 reports of psittacosis, which is probably an underestimate of the actual number of cases because psittacosis is difficult to diagnose, is covered by macrolide antimicrobials (which may be used empirically for therapy of community-acquired pneumonia ), and often goes reported. (medscape.com)
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. (cdc.gov)
- Although the majority of great apes were found outside of protected areas, they were still in large forested landscapes close to or bordering existing national parks and reserves and away from centers of human activity. (newswise.com)
- Announcer] This program is presented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
- Investigators at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) tracked most of the cases to vitamin E acetate, an additive in illicit cannabis vaping products intended to promote the metabolism of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). (medscape.com)
Deadly disease2
- Bats and other animals may be responsible for carrying this deadly disease, which is easily spread from person to person through bodily fluids. (listverse.com)
- So, we had no idea that it could infect chimps, let alone cause a deadly disease. (cdc.gov)
Alzheimer's5
- It begins as scientist Will Rodman (James Franco) tries to develop a cure for Alzheimer's disease. (combustiblecelluloid.com)
- As a result, the animals first show behavioural abnormalities and then subsequent changes in their brain cells, similar to those observed in Alzheimer's disease. (testbiotech.org)
- There are already many more than a hundred 'animal models' designed to simulate Alzheimer's disease. (testbiotech.org)
- The patent holders, however, point out that they have recently succeeded in developing a diagnostic method for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease. (testbiotech.org)
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) has anosognosia as one of its symptoms, defined as a change in the individual's ability to judge their difficulties, and is observed as having a significant impact on quality of life of caregivers. (bvsalud.org)
20167
- The diseases are categorised in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2016/429 , known as Animal Health Law (AHL) and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1882 . (daera-ni.gov.uk)
- These are listed diseases that do not normally occur in the European Union (EU) or NI and for which immediate eradication measures must be taken as soon as it is detected, as referred to in Article 9(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) 2016/429. (daera-ni.gov.uk)
- These are listed diseases which must be controlled in the EU and NI with the goal of eradicating it throughout the EU and NI, as referred to in Article 9(1)(b) of Regulation (EU) 2016/429. (daera-ni.gov.uk)
- These are listed diseases which are of relevance to some EU Member States and for which measures are needed to prevent it from spreading to parts of the EU and NI that are officially disease-free or that have eradication programmes for the listed disease concerned, as referred to in Article 9(1)(c) of Regulation (EU) 2016/429. (daera-ni.gov.uk)
- These are listed diseases for which measures are needed to prevent it from spreading on account of its entry into the EU or NI or movements between Member States and NI, as referred to in Article 9(1)(d) of Regulation (EU) 2016/429. (daera-ni.gov.uk)
- These are listed diseases for which there is a need for surveillance within the EU and NI, as referred to in Article 9(1)(e) of Regulation (EU) 2016/429. (daera-ni.gov.uk)
- In addition to the PESS, Mozambique also has several disease specific & health programme and systems related strategic plans such as the Integrated MDG 4 & 5 plan, Strategic Plan for Malaria 2012-2016 , and Human Resources Development Plan 2008-2015 . (who.int)
Habitat loss1
- With poaching and habitat loss looming right over their heads, it's easy to dismiss a much quieter threat on the horizon: disease. (listverse.com)
Nests3
- Throughout the weekend, guests can participate in interactive, ape-related activities such as comparing their own weight, arm length, and hand size with those of an orangutan and gorilla or building apelike nests using paper and wheelbarrows. (themagnificentmile.com)
- Researchers walked more than 8,700 kilometers (5,400 miles)-a distance longer than the north-south axis of the African continent, or from New York to London-while collecting data on great ape nests that was used to generate population estimates and trends. (newswise.com)
- The new count uses mathematical modeling to project likely ape numbers in areas where their nests haven't been directly surveyed by people. (egypttoday.com)
Susceptible1
- Also, big-eared varieties of bats, several of which live near Mount St. Helens, don't seem to be susceptible to the disease. (columbian.com)
Alzheimer2
- Impacto de Anosognosia asociada a la demencia de Alzheimer en la calidad de vida de cuidadores. (bvsalud.org)
- Anosognosia es uno de los sÃntomas de la demencia de Alzheimer (AD), y se considera que tiene un impacto significativo en la calidad de vida (QOL) de los cuidadores. (bvsalud.org)
20011
- It had nowhere to go but up, given that the last Planet of the Apes movie was Tim Burton's abominably awful 2001 version, which was more or less a remake of the original 1968 version. (combustiblecelluloid.com)
Gabon1
- All apes were born and reared in captivity at the Primatology Unit of the International Centre for Medical Research of Franceville (Franceville, Gabon) and lived in social groups of ≈10 animals. (cdc.gov)
Threats1
- A further goal of this project is to develop a series of GIS layers, ranging from ape population data availability, ape presence and occurrence probability and population trends to threats and future population trajectories. (mpg.de)
Kidney diseases1
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have favourable outcomes in the treatment of kidney diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Malaria1
- Ape parasite origins of human malaria virulence genes. (cdc.gov)
Genetic diseases1
- Pedigree Dogs Exposed Nature - 60 min - ★ 8.19 Pedigree dogs are suffering from genetic diseases. (topdocumentaryfilms.com)
Cause more severe disease2
- These cases may cause more severe disease than avian-acquired psittacosis. (medscape.com)
- And because of that unique biochemistry, it has a tendency to cause more severe disease than its relatives. (cdc.gov)
20191
- She was one of almost 3000 people who were hospitalized during 2019 and early 2020 with severe lung damage from vaping and became part of what is now known as the epidemic of e -cigarette, or v aping, product use- a ssociated l ung i njury (EVALI). (medscape.com)
Wild1
- Wild birds such as falcons have caused disease through nasal or fecal secretions. (medscape.com)
Chimpanzee2
- For captive great apes, BLAST analysis of 1 rectal (gorilla) and 1 penile (chimpanzee) sample showed 100% and 98% sequence identity, respectively, with Waddlia chondrophila . (cdc.gov)
- It had a picture of a chimpanzee and $100 bills in the background, and the implication is that there are people who made up the disease in order to make money somehow. (lgbtqnation.com)
Outbreaks1
- The collation of information allows the authorities to monitor the disease and provides early warning of possible outbreaks. (daera-ni.gov.uk)
Pathogens1
- Monitoring teams put in place in the region are conducting health assessments of great apes by evaluating general morbidity and mortality indicators including the presence of multiple parasitic, bacterial and viral pathogens. (vin.com)
Animals5
- At the time of sampling, the animals were anesthetized and showed no evident signs of disease. (cdc.gov)
- The disease may occur in a number of other animals, including dogs and rodents. (wikipedia.org)
- The exhibit will be full of visuals, including the types of food apes eat and items that are used for training the animals to participate in their own health care. (themagnificentmile.com)
- As described in the patent, genetically modified viruses are injected directly into the brains of the animals, thus transferring the disease-causing genes into their genome. (testbiotech.org)
- What they all have in common: even if the genetically modified animals develop various symptoms of the disease, it has not been possible to use them to develop effective therapies or drugs. (testbiotech.org)
Rise3
- Rise of the Planet of the Apes may be my favorite summer popcorn movie of 2011. (combustiblecelluloid.com)
- Directed by Rupert Wyatt, Rise of the Planet of the Apes is the seventh feature film. (combustiblecelluloid.com)
- Last spring I praised a trio of sci-fi movies that were all based on ideas rather than on battles -- The Adjustment Bureau , Limitless , and Source Code -- and I'm convinced that, as pulpy as it is, Rise of the Planet of the Apes deserves to join them. (combustiblecelluloid.com)
Researchers6
- In February, Wainwright sent samples from the Ape Cave floor and 71 bats in hibernation caves to researchers with the U.S. Geological Survey in Wisconsin. (columbian.com)
- That's all the more impressive given that many great apes fail to understand pointing when it's done for them by human caretakers, the researchers say. (sciencedaily.com)
- The researchers have launched a website offering key information, and inviting tourists to make a pledge to protect great apes from disease. (exeter.ac.uk)
- Dr Hockings added: "It was clear to all of us great ape researchers that there was no consistency in disease prevention regulations between tourism sites. (exeter.ac.uk)
- Researchers have been able to explode another myth related to heart attacks: the idea that it is a disease of the rich, suffered by CEOs because of the high pressure they experience on their job for prolonged periods of time and the associated responsibilities of such a situation. (skepticfriends.org)
- But despite the larger numbers, researchers still found a speedy drop in the population in recent years, which means the apes are still in danger of going extinct. (egypttoday.com)
Bacteria1
- However, it is unclear how these IBD-affected bacterial groups are related to other common bacteria in the gut, and how they are connected across different disease conditions at the global scale. (springer.com)
Search1
- The search for Mahal's killer also would illustrate the links between diseases and some of the most powerful forces on the planet: evolution, glacial periods and the Earth's orbital patterns, known as Milankovitch cycles. (pulitzercenter.org)
Health4
- We screened 25 samples (8 ocular, 4 vaginal, 7 penile, and 6 rectal swab specimens) obtained noninvasively during routine health checks from 12 apes in captivity. (cdc.gov)
- The World Health Organization has obtained discounts on some medications to treat the disease. (wikipedia.org)
- It's also the reason the zoo regularly consults with doctors at Froedtert Hospital on health problems involving its great apes. (pulitzercenter.org)
- carry out health checks during quarantine and carry out the required tests (tuberculosis, detection of diseases on blood, fecal screening, etc. (4apes.com)
Anthrax3
- Anthrax - Spreading The Disease listening: where to download for free? (japansmusic.com)
- You can currently download the Anthrax - Spreading The Disease album for free in mp3, flac formats at japansmusic.com. (japansmusic.com)
- It is also possible to buy "Anthrax - Spreading The Disease" on Amazon, Discogs as listen or rent it on Spotify, Apple Music. (japansmusic.com)
Contagious1
- The smallpox vaccine - the first vaccine to be developed against a contagious disease - is 85% effective against monkeypox . (lgbtqnation.com)