Aortic Valve Prolapse
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Aortic Valve
3-Hydroxybutyric Acid
Heart Valve Diseases
Uterine Prolapse
Rectal Prolapse
Aortic Valve Insufficiency
Tricuspid Valve Prolapse
Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Echocardiography
Heart Valve Prolapse
Mitral Valve Insufficiency
Phonocardiography
Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation
Heart Murmurs
Heart Valve Prosthesis
Bioprosthesis
Marfan Syndrome
Tricuspid Valve
Endocarditis, Bacterial
Echocardiography, Transesophageal
Cystocele
Chordae Tendineae
Platelet Factor 4
Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional
Treatment Outcome
Pelvic Floor
Echocardiography, Doppler
Echocardiography, Doppler, Color
Mitral Valve Stenosis
Rheumatic Heart Disease
Heart Defects, Congenital
Lentigo
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular
Follow-Up Studies
Venous Valves
Prospective Studies
Severity of Illness Index
Cardiac Valve Annuloplasty
Endocarditis
Transesophageal echocardiographic description of the mechanisms of aortic regurgitation in acute type A aortic dissection: implications for aortic valve repair. (1/12)
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to use transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to define the mechanisms of aortic regurgitation (AR) in acute type A aortic dissection so as to assist the surgeon in identifying patients with mechanisms of AR suitable for valve preservation. BACKGROUND: Significant AR frequently complicates acute type A aortic dissection necessitating either aortic valve repair or replacement at the time of aortic surgery. Although direct surgical inspection can identify intrinsically normal leaflets suitable for repair, it is preferable for the surgeon to correlate aortic valve function with the anatomy prior to thoracotomy. METHODS: We studied 50 consecutive patients with acute type A aortic dissection in whom preoperative TEE findings were considered by the surgeons in planning aortic valve surgery. Six patients did not undergo surgery (noncandidacy or refusal) and one patient had had a prior aortic valve replacement and therefore was excluded from the analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients had no or minimal AR and 22 had moderate or severe AR. In all, there were 16 with intrinsically normal leaflets who had AR due to one or more correctable aortic valve lesion: incomplete leaflet closure due to leaflet tethering in a dilated aortic root in 7; leaflet prolapse due to disrupted leaflet attachments in 8; and dissection flap prolapse through the aortic valve orifice in 5. Of these 16 patients, 15 had successful aortic valve repair whereas just 1 underwent aortic valve replacement after a complicated intraoperative course (unrelated to the aortic valve). Nine patients underwent aortic valve replacement for nonrepairable abnormalities, including Marfan's syndrome in four, bicuspid aortic valve in four, and aortitis in one. In patients undergoing aortic valve repair, follow-up transthoracic echocardiography at a median of three months revealed no or minimal residual AR, and clinical follow-up at a median of 23 months showed that none required aortic valve replacement. CONCLUSIONS: When significant AR complicates acute type A aortic dissection, TEE can define the severity and mechanisms of AR and can assist the surgeon in identifying patients in whom valve repair is likely to be successful. (+info)Imbalance of cusp width and aortic regurgitation associated with aortic cusp prolapse in ventricular septal defect. (2/12)
The Doppler echocardiograms of the aortic valve and associated aortic regurgitation (AR) were reviewed in 72 patients with a ventricular septal defect (VSD). Group I comprised 13 patients without any deformity of the aortic cusp for > or = 10 years, group 2 included 35 patients who did not develop AR for > or = 10 years after right coronary cusp prolapse (RCCP) was first detected, group 3 comprised 11 patients with RCCP and AR in whom the AR remained subclinical for > or = 10 years, and group 4 was 13 patients who underwent surgical treatment because of moderate to severe AR. The cusp imbalance index [width of right (R) or non- (N) coronary cusp/width of left coronary cusp (L)] was compared among the 4 groups. R/L or N/L was larger in group 4 than in groups 1-3; R/L exceeded 1.30 in all the patients in group 4, whereas it was less than 1.30 in all the atients in groups 1-3. Two patients in group 4 with non-coronary cusp prolapse had an N/L greater than 1.50. No other patients in any group had an N/L larger than 1.20. An imbalance of cusp width may predict possible progressive deterioration of AR. (+info)Clinical significance of iodine-123-15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-R, S-methylpentadecanoic acid myocardial scintigraphy in patients with aortic valve disease. (3/12)
The present study sought to determine whether myocardial fatty acid metabolism as assessed with iodine-123-labeled 15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-R,S-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) scintigraphy is impaired in patients with aortic valve disease (AVD) and whether the degree of the metabolic abnormality reflects the severity of AVD. BMIPP scintigraphy was performed in 12 patients with aortic stenosis (AS), 14 patients with aortic regurgitation (AR), and 9 healthy volunteers, and from that the heart-mediastinum uptake ratio (H/M ratio) corrected by the left ventricular (LV) mass (U/Mass ratio) and the myocardial washout rate (WR) were obtained. The H/M ratio tended to be higher in patients than in healthy volunteers (3.3 +/- 0.7 for AS, 3.5 +/- 0.5 for AR, 3.0 +/- 0.3 for healthy volunteers), and the WR was significantly higher in patients than in healthy volunteers (42.8 +/- 9.1% for AS, 35.7 +/- 6.5% for AR, 19.6 +/- 9.1% for healthy volunteers, p<0.01). In the AS patients, the U/Mass ratio showed significant negative correlations (r=-0.79 to -0.90, all p<0.01) and the WR showed significant positive correlations (r=0.61 to 0.82, all p<0.01) with transaortic pressure gradient, LV wall thickness, and LV mass. Similarly, in AR patients these BMIPP parameters showed proportional changes to the LV volumes and LV mass (r=-0.79 to -0.83, all p<0.01 for U/Mass ratio, r=0.55 to 0.70, p<0.05 to <0.01 for WR). In the 9 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement, the BMIPP parameters tended to normalize with increasing U/Mass ratio (0.90 +/- 0.41 x 10(-2)/g to 1.34 +/- 0.59 x 10(-2)/g, p<0.05) and decreasing WR (41.9 +/- 8.8% to 35.4 +/- 9.2%, p<0.01) after surgery. Myocardial fatty acid metabolism as assessed with BMIPP scintigraphy was impaired in patients with aortic valve disease and the U/Mass ratio and WR reflect the severity. These parameters may be useful for the noninvasive assessment of the myocardial metabolic abnormalities caused by hemodynamic overload. (+info)Eccentric aortic regurgitation in patients with right coronary cusp prolapse complicating a ventricular septal defect. (4/12)
To analyze the clinical significance of eccentric aortic regurgitation (AR) complicating the right coronary cusp prolapse associated with a ventricular septal defect (VSD), the Doppler echocardiograms of 129 patients were reviewed. In 102 patients, AR was classified as mild and in 27 patients it was classified as moderate. Eccentric AR was defined as the jet distributing in an eccentric direction. In 15 patients of the moderate group, AR was already moderate at the initial examination and of these, the AR was eccentric in 14 and central in 1. In 12 patients who initially had mild AR, it became moderate during follow-up. In 7 patients with mild, central AR, 6 worsened to central moderate AR and 1 evolved to eccentric moderate AR. Eccentric mild AR patients all developed eccentric moderate AR. Within the mild AR group, 5 of 9 patients with eccentric AR progressed from mild to moderate, whereas only 7 of 105 patients with central AR did so (p<0.01). In conclusion, eccentric AR may be an advanced finding of the AR associated with right coronary cusp prolapse in some patients, but in others eccentric AR is highly likely to progress and is malignant. (+info)Severity indices of right coronary cusp prolapse and aortic regurgitation complicating ventricular septal defect in the outlet septum: which defect should be closed? (5/12)
BACKGROUND: The factors that may determine the evolution of right coronary cusp prolapse (RCCP) and regurgitation (AR) associated with a ventricular septal defect in the outlet septum (outlet VSD) have not been clarified. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Doppler echocardiograms of 316 patients were grouped according to both the development of RCCP, and the values of the right coronary cusp deformity index (RCCD) and the right coronary cusp imbalance index (R/L). All detected AR was /=0.30 or R/L >/=0.30. Rupture of the sinus of Valsalva was identified in patients with RCCD >/=0.30. A significantly large number of patients with both RCCD >/=0.30 and R/L >/=1.30 (p<0.01), and a few patients with either RCCD >/=0.30 or R/L >/=0.30 underwent aortic valvuloplasty or replacement. Operative outcome for AR /=0.30 or R/L >/=1.30. (+info)Repair of trileaflet aortic valve prolapse: mid-term outcome in patients with normal aortic root morphology. (6/12)
We described our mid-term results in repairing prolapsing aortic cusps in 21 patients with aortic regurgitation and normal aortic root morphology. Aortic regurgitation was moderate-severe in five patients and severe in 16 patients. Prolapse involved the left cusp in four patients (19%), the right cusp in 10 patients (47%) and the non-coronary cusp in 7 (33%) patients. Correction of the prolapsing cusp was achieved by either free edge plication, triangular resection or resuspension with polytetrafluoroethylene sutures, frequently associated to a subcommissural annuloplasty. There was no hospital death. At discharge transthoracic echocardiography, 18 patients (85%) showed no residual aortic regurgitation and three patients (14%) had trivial aortic regurgitation with a central jet. Mean clinical follow-up was 27.2+/-17.1 months (range: 10-72 months). Overall survival was 90.5%. At follow-up transthoracic echocardiography, fourteen patients (73%) were free from aortic regurgitation and five patients (26%) had mild aortic regurgitation without clinical signs of congestive heart failure. Correction of valve prolapse appears a reasonable extension of the original techniques of valve-preserving surgery. (+info)Valve-sparing aortic root replacement with repair of leaflet prolapse after Ross operation. (7/12)
The need for reoperation remains a principal limitation of the Ross procedure and most commonly includes replacement of the neo-aortic valve. Valve-preserving aortic root replacement has recently evolved into an increasingly accepted treatment modality for patients with neo-aortic valve regurgitation. Leaflet prolapse, however, may be present, making composite replacement the most frequent choice. Alternatively, valve preservation may be combined with correction of leaflet prolapse. We describe the use of a valve-sparing procedure with correction of leaflet prolapse in a patient with progressive dilatation of the pulmonary autograft and severe regurgitation of the neo-aortic valve. (+info)Acute aortic valve prolapse in Marfan's syndrome. (8/12)
A 22 year old man with Marfan's syndrome died suddenly following acute aortic valve prolapse. Although aortic root involvement in Marfan's syndrome is common, we have found no previous description of this particular complication in the literature. (+info)The condition is often diagnosed using echocardiography, and treatment options include medication to regulate the heart rhythm and reduce blood pressure, or in severe cases, surgical replacement of the aortic valve may be necessary.
There are several types of MVP, including:
1. Primary MVP: This is the most common type of MVP and occurs when the mitral valve leaflets are too long and prolapse into the left atrium.
2. Secondary MVP: This type of MVP occurs when another condition, such as a heart murmur or an enlarged heart, causes the mitral valve to prolapse.
3. Functional MVP: This type of MVP is caused by abnormal functioning of the mitral valve rather than any physical defect.
4. Rheumatic MVP: This type of MVP is caused by inflammation of the mitral valve due to rheumatic fever.
The symptoms of MVP can vary in severity and may include:
* Chest pain or discomfort
* Shortness of breath
* Palpitations or fluttering in the chest
* Fatigue
* Dizziness or lightheadedness
* Coughing up pink, foamy fluid (in severe cases)
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment. MVP can be diagnosed with an echocardiogram, which uses sound waves to create images of the heart. Treatment options for MVP include medications to control symptoms, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise and a healthy diet, and in severe cases, surgery to repair or replace the mitral valve.
In conclusion, mitral valve prolapse is a relatively common condition that can cause a range of symptoms. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms so that proper diagnosis and treatment can be provided. With appropriate treatment, most people with MVP can lead normal, active lives.
There are several types of prolapse, including:
1. Pelvic organ prolapse: This occurs when the muscles and tissues in the pelvis weaken, causing an organ to slip out of place. It can affect the uterus, bladder, or rectum.
2. Hemorrhoidal prolapse: This occurs when the veins in the rectum become swollen and protrude outside the anus.
3. Small intestine prolapse: This occurs when a portion of the small intestine slides into another part of the digestive tract.
4. Uterine prolapse: This occurs when the uterus slips out of place, often due to childbirth or menopause.
5. Cervical prolapse: This occurs when the cervix slips down into the vagina.
Symptoms of prolapse can include:
* A bulge or lump in the vaginal area
* Pain or discomfort in the pelvic area
* Difficulty controlling bowel movements or urine leakage
* Difficulty having sex due to pain or discomfort
* Feeling of fullness or heaviness in the pelvic area
Treatment for prolapse depends on the type and severity of the condition, and can include:
1. Kegel exercises: These exercises can help strengthen the muscles in the pelvic floor.
2. Pelvic floor physical therapy: This can help improve bladder and bowel control, as well as reduce pain.
3. Medications: These can include hormones to support bone density, as well as pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs.
4. Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or replace damaged tissue.
5. Lifestyle changes: Making healthy lifestyle changes such as losing weight, quitting smoking, and avoiding heavy lifting can help manage symptoms of prolapse.
It's important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of prolapse, as early treatment can help improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications.
There are several types of heart valve diseases, including:
1. Mitral regurgitation: This occurs when the mitral valve does not close properly, allowing blood to flow backward into the left atrium.
2. Aortic stenosis: This occurs when the aortic valve becomes narrowed or blocked, restricting blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta.
3. Pulmonary stenosis: This occurs when the pulmonary valve becomes narrowed or blocked, restricting blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery.
4. Tricuspid regurgitation: This occurs when the tricuspid valve does not close properly, allowing blood to flow backward into the right atrium.
5. Heart valve thickening or calcification: This can occur due to aging, rheumatic fever, or other conditions that cause inflammation in the heart.
6. Endocarditis: This is an infection of the inner lining of the heart, which can damage the heart valves.
7. Rheumatic heart disease: This is a condition caused by rheumatic fever, which can damage the heart valves and cause scarring.
8. Congenital heart defects: These are heart defects that are present at birth, and can affect the heart valves as well as other structures of the heart.
Symptoms of heart valve disease can include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling in the legs or feet, and chest pain. Treatment options for heart valve disease depend on the specific condition and can range from medication to surgery or other procedures.
Treatment options for uterine prolapse include lifestyle changes such as exercise, weight loss, and pelvic floor exercises, as well as surgical procedures such as hysterectomy or vaginal repair. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the condition and the individual's overall health status.
It is important to seek medical advice if symptoms persist or worsen over time, as uterine prolapse can lead to complications such as urinary incontinence, kidney damage, and bowel problems if left untreated. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent these complications and improve quality of life for individuals affected by the condition.
Symptoms of rectal prolapse may include:
* A bulge or lump near the anus
* Pain or discomfort in the rectal area
* Difficulty controlling bowel movements
* Leaking of stool or gas
* Difficulty sitting or passing stool
If left untreated, rectal prolapse can lead to complications such as:
* Increased risk of anal fissures and skin irritation
* Infection of the rectal area
* Impaired urinary continence
* Increased risk of recurrent prolapse
Treatment options for rectal prolapse depend on the severity of the condition and may include:
* Dietary changes and bowel training to improve bowel habits
* Exercise and physical therapy to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles
* Use of rectal inserts or devices to support the rectum
* Surgery to repair or remove the prolapsed rectum
It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms of rectal prolapse are present, as early treatment can help prevent complications and improve quality of life.
There are several causes of aortic valve insufficiency, including:
1. Congenital heart defects
2. Rheumatic fever
3. Endocarditis (infection of the inner lining of the heart)
4. Aging and wear and tear on the valve
5. Trauma to the chest
6. Connective tissue disorders such as Marfan syndrome or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
Symptoms of aortic valve insufficiency can include fatigue, shortness of breath, swelling in the legs and feet, and chest pain. Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of physical examination, echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart), electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), and chest X-ray.
Treatment options for aortic valve insufficiency depend on the severity of the condition and may include:
1. Medications to manage symptoms such as heart failure, high blood pressure, and arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms)
2. Lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet and regular exercise
3. Repair or replacement of the aortic valve through surgery. This may involve replacing the valve with an artificial one, or repairing the existing valve through a procedure called valvuloplasty.
4. In some cases, catheter-based procedures such as balloon valvuloplasty or valve replacement may be used.
It is important to note that aortic valve insufficiency can lead to complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and endocarditis, which can be life-threatening if left untreated. Therefore, it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time.
The term "prolapse" refers to the abnormal descent of an organ or structure from its normal position. In this case, the tricuspid valve is unable to close completely due to a defect in the valve tissue or supporting structures, leading to regurgitation (leakage) of blood through the valve.
Tricuspid valve prolapse can be caused by a variety of factors, including congenital heart defects, connective tissue disorders, and age-related wear and tear on the valve. Diagnosis typically involves echocardiography or other imaging tests to assess the function and structure of the tricuspid valve. Treatment options may include medication to manage symptoms, lifestyle modifications, or surgical intervention in severe cases.
There are several types of POP, including:
1. Cystocele (bladder prolapse): The bladder bulges into the vagina.
2. Rectocele (rectum prolapse): The rectum bulges into the vagina.
3. Uterine prolapse (womb prolapse): The uterus drops from its normal position and moves into the vagina.
4. Small intestine prolapse: A part of the small intestine bulges into the vagina.
Pelvic organ prolapse is caused by weakened muscles and tissues in the pelvis, which can be due to a variety of factors such as childbirth, menopause, obesity, chronic straining during bowel movements, and certain medical conditions like multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injuries.
Treatment options for POP include:
1. Kegel exercises to strengthen the pelvic muscles.
2. Lifestyle changes such as losing weight, quitting smoking, and avoiding heavy lifting.
3. Physical therapy to improve pelvic floor muscle function and strength.
4. Surgery to repair or remove damaged tissues and support the pelvic organs.
5. Pelvic mesh implantation to provide additional support to the weakened tissues.
It's important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of POP, as it can have a significant impact on your quality of life and may lead to complications such as urinary tract infections or rectal bleeding if left untreated.
There are several types of heart valve prolapse, including:
1. Mitral valve prolapse (MVP): This is the most common type of heart valve prolapse and occurs when the mitral valve bulges into the left atrium.
2. Tricuspid valve prolapse (TVP): This occurs when the tricuspid valve bulges into the right atrium.
3. Pulmonary valve prolapse (PVP): This occurs when the pulmonary valve bulges into the right ventricle.
4. Aortic valve prolapse (AVP): This is a rare condition that occurs when the aortic valve bulges into the left ventricle.
Heart valve prolapse can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
1. Genetics: Many people with heart valve prolapse have a family history of the condition.
2. Heart defects present at birth: Some people may be born with heart defects that increase their risk of developing heart valve prolapse.
3. Heart disease: Conditions such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and heart failure can damage the heart valves and lead to prolapse.
4. Age-related wear and tear: As people age, their heart valves can become worn out and less effective, leading to prolapse.
5. Infections: Endocarditis, an infection of the inner lining of the heart, can damage the heart valves and lead to prolapse.
Treatment for heart valve prolapse depends on the severity of the condition and may include:
1. Medications: Drugs such as beta blockers, diuretics, and anticoagulants may be prescribed to manage symptoms such as high blood pressure, fluid buildup, and blood clots.
2. Lifestyle changes: Patients with heart valve prolapse may need to make lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and avoiding strenuous activities.
3. Surgery: In severe cases of heart valve prolapse, surgery may be necessary to repair or replace the damaged valve.
4. Transcatheter procedures: Minimally invasive procedures such as balloon valvuloplasty or valve replacement can be performed through a catheter inserted into a blood vessel in the leg.
It is important for individuals with heart valve prolapse to follow their doctor's recommendations and attend regular check-ups to monitor their condition and prevent complications. With proper treatment, many people with heart valve prolapse can lead active and fulfilling lives.
The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle, and it is responsible for regulating blood flow between these two chambers. When the mitral valve does not close properly, blood can leak back into the left atrium, causing a range of symptoms and complications.
There are several causes of mitral valve insufficiency, including:
* Degenerative changes: The mitral valve can wear out over time due to degenerative changes, such as calcium buildup or tearing of the valve flaps.
* Heart muscle disease: Diseases such as cardiomyopathy can cause the heart muscle to weaken and stretch, leading to mitral valve insufficiency.
* Endocarditis: Infections of the inner lining of the heart can damage the mitral valve and lead to insufficiency.
* Heart defects: Congenital heart defects, such as a bicuspid valve or a narrow valve opening, can lead to mitral valve insufficiency.
Treatment for mitral valve insufficiency depends on the severity of the condition and may include medications to manage symptoms, lifestyle changes, or surgery to repair or replace the damaged valve. In some cases, catheter-based procedures may be used to repair the valve without open-heart surgery.
Overall, mitral valve insufficiency is a common condition that can have a significant impact on quality of life if left untreated. It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time.
There are two main types of heart murmurs:
1. Innocent murmurs: These are benign murmurs that are not caused by any underlying heart condition. They are often heard in healthy children and may disappear as the child grows.
2. Abnormal murmurs: These are murmurs that are caused by an underlying heart condition, such as a congenital heart defect or heart valve disease. These murmurs can be a sign of a serious heart problem and may require further evaluation and treatment.
Heart murmurs can be diagnosed by a pediatrician or cardiologist using a stethoscope to listen to the heart sounds. Additional tests, such as an echocardiogram or electrocardiogram (ECG), may be ordered to confirm the diagnosis and determine the cause of the murmur.
Treatment for heart murmurs depends on the underlying cause of the condition. In some cases, no treatment may be needed, while in other cases, medication or surgery may be required. It is important for individuals with heart murmurs to receive regular follow-up care from a pediatrician or cardiologist to monitor the condition and address any complications that may arise.
In summary, heart murmurs are abnormal sounds heard during a heartbeat that can be a sign of an underlying heart condition. They can be diagnosed by a pediatrician or cardiologist using a stethoscope and additional tests, and treatment depends on the underlying cause of the condition. Regular follow-up care is important to monitor the condition and address any complications that may arise.
The symptoms of Marfan syndrome can vary widely among individuals with the condition, but typically include:
1. Tall stature (often over 6 feet 5 inches)
2. Long limbs and fingers
3. Curvature of the spine (scoliosis)
4. Flexible joints
5. Eye problems, such as nearsightedness, glaucoma, and detached retinas
6. Heart problems, such as mitral valve prolapse and aortic dilatation
7. Blood vessel problems, such as aneurysms and dissections
8. Lung problems, such as pneumothorax (collapsed lung)
9. Other skeletal problems, such as pectus excavatum (a depression in the chest wall) and clubfoot
Marfan syndrome is usually diagnosed through a combination of clinical evaluation, family history, and genetic testing. Treatment for the condition typically involves managing its various symptoms and complications, such as with medication, surgery, or lifestyle modifications. Individuals with Marfan syndrome may also need to avoid activities that could exacerbate their condition, such as contact sports or heavy lifting.
While there is currently no cure for Marfan syndrome, early diagnosis and appropriate management can help individuals with the condition live long and relatively healthy lives. With proper care and attention, many people with Marfan syndrome are able to lead fulfilling lives and achieve their goals.
Causes and risk factors:
The most common cause of bacterial endocarditis is a bacterial infection that enters the bloodstream and travels to the heart. This can occur through various means, such as:
* Injecting drugs or engaging in other risky behaviors that allow bacteria to enter the body
* Having a weakened immune system due to illness or medication
* Having a previous history of endocarditis or other heart conditions
* Being over the age of 60, as older adults are at higher risk for developing endocarditis
Symptoms:
The symptoms of bacterial endocarditis can vary depending on the severity of the infection and the location of the infected area. Some common symptoms include:
* Fever
* Chills
* Joint pain or swelling
* Fatigue
* Shortness of breath
* Heart murmurs or abnormal heart sounds
Diagnosis:
Bacterial endocarditis is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests such as:
* Blood cultures to identify the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream
* Echocardiogram to visualize the heart and detect any abnormalities
* Chest X-ray to look for signs of infection or inflammation in the lungs or heart
* Electrocardiogram (ECG) to measure the electrical activity of the heart
Treatment:
The treatment of bacterial endocarditis typically involves a combination of antibiotics and surgery. Antibiotics are used to kill the bacteria and reduce inflammation, while surgery may be necessary to repair or replace damaged heart tissue. In some cases, the infected heart tissue may need to be removed.
Prevention:
Preventing bacterial endocarditis involves good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, and avoiding certain high-risk activities such as unprotected sex or sharing of needles. People with existing heart conditions should also take antibiotics before dental or medical procedures to reduce the risk of infection.
Prognosis:
The prognosis for bacterial endocarditis is generally good if treatment is prompt and effective. However, delays in diagnosis and treatment can lead to serious complications such as heart failure, stroke, or death. Patients with pre-existing heart conditions are at higher risk for complications.
Incidence:
Bacterial endocarditis is a relatively rare condition, affecting approximately 2-5 cases per million people per year in the United States. However, people with certain risk factors such as heart conditions or prosthetic heart valves are at higher risk for developing the infection.
Complications:
Bacterial endocarditis can lead to a number of complications, including:
* Heart failure
* Stroke or brain abscess
* Kidney damage or failure
* Pregnancy complications
* Nerve damage or peripheral neuropathy
* Skin or soft tissue infections
* Bone or joint infections
* Septicemia (blood poisoning)
Prevention:
Preventive measures for bacterial endocarditis include:
* Good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups to reduce the risk of dental infections
* Avoiding high-risk activities such as unprotected sex or sharing of needles
* Antibiotics before dental or medical procedures for patients with existing heart conditions
* Proper sterilization and disinfection of medical equipment
* Use of antimicrobial prophylaxis (prevention) in high-risk patients.
Emerging Trends:
Newly emerging trends in the management of bacterial endocarditis include:
* The use of novel antibiotics and combination therapy to improve treatment outcomes
* The development of new diagnostic tests to help identify the cause of infection more quickly and accurately
* The increased use of preventive measures such as antibiotic prophylaxis in high-risk patients.
Future Directions:
Future directions for research on bacterial endocarditis may include:
* Investigating the use of novel diagnostic techniques, such as genomics and proteomics, to improve the accuracy of diagnosis
* Developing new antibiotics and combination therapies to improve treatment outcomes
* Exploring alternative preventive measures such as probiotics and immunotherapy.
In conclusion, bacterial endocarditis is a serious infection that can have severe consequences if left untreated. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to improving patient outcomes. Preventive measures such as good oral hygiene and antibiotic prophylaxis can help reduce the risk of developing this condition. Ongoing research is focused on improving diagnostic techniques, developing new treatments, and exploring alternative preventive measures.
Symptoms of cystocele may include:
* A bulge in the vagina that may be felt through the skin
* Pain or discomfort during sexual activity
* Difficulty starting a stream of urine
* Frequent urination
* Increased urgency to urinate
* Leaking of urine
Diagnosis of cystocele is typically made through a physical exam and may also involve imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI. Treatment for cystocele depends on the severity of the condition and may include:
* Kegel exercises to strengthen the muscles that support the bladder
* A pessary, which is a device inserted into the vagina to support the bladder
* Surgery to repair or remove the damaged tissue
It's important for individuals experiencing symptoms of cystocele to consult with a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.
There are several types of visceral prolapse, including:
1. Small intestine prolapse (also known as intussusception): This occurs when a portion of the small intestine slides into another section of the intestine, causing a telescoping effect.
2. Large intestine prolapse (also known as rectal prolapse): This occurs when the rectum slips out of its normal position and moves towards the anus.
3. Uterine prolapse: This occurs when the uterus slips out of its normal position and moves into the vagina.
4. Bladder prolapse (also known as cystocele): This occurs when the bladder drops down from its normal position and pushes against the vaginal wall.
Visceral prolapse can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
1. Weakened muscles in the abdominal wall or pelvic floor
2. Increased pressure on the organs due to pregnancy, obesity, or other conditions
3. Previous surgery or injury to the abdominal or pelvic area
4. Neurological conditions that affect the nerves that control the organs
5. Age-related wear and tear on the organs and connective tissues
Symptoms of visceral prolapse can include:
1. Pain or discomfort in the abdomen or pelvis
2. Difficulty with bowel movements or urination
3. A bulge or lump in the abdomen or vagina
4. Feeling of fullness or pressure in the pelvic area
5. Difficulty controlling the flow of urine or stool
Treatment for visceral prolapse depends on the severity of the condition and can include:
1. Lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise modifications
2. Physical therapy to strengthen the muscles in the pelvic floor
3. Medications to relax the muscles or improve bowel function
4. Surgery to repair or remove the prolapsed organ
5. In some cases, a pessary (a device that is placed in the vagina to support the prolapsed organ) may be recommended.
It's important to note that visceral prolapse can be a chronic condition, and it may take time and multiple treatments to manage the symptoms effectively. If you suspect you have visceral prolapse, it's important to seek medical attention to receive an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Note: This definition is a general overview of the condition and may not cover all aspects of rectocele, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and management. It is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for detailed information and personalized advice.
There are several different types of calcinosis, each with its own unique causes and symptoms. Some common forms of calcinosis include:
1. Dystrophic calcinosis: This type of calcinosis occurs in people with muscular dystrophy, a group of genetic disorders that affect muscle strength and function. Dystrophic calcinosis can cause calcium deposits to form in the muscles, leading to muscle weakness and wasting.
2. Metastatic calcinosis: This type of calcinosis occurs when cancer cells spread to other parts of the body and cause calcium deposits to form. Metastatic calcinosis can occur in people with a variety of different types of cancer, including breast, lung, and prostate cancer.
3. Idiopathic calcinosis: This type of calcinosis occurs for no apparent reason, and the exact cause is not known. Idiopathic calcinosis can affect people of all ages and can cause calcium deposits to form in a variety of different tissues.
4. Secondary calcinosis: This type of calcidosis occurs as a result of an underlying medical condition or injury. For example, secondary calcinosis can occur in people with kidney disease, hyperparathyroidism (a condition in which the parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormone), or traumatic injuries.
Treatment for calcinosis depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. In some cases, treatment may involve managing the underlying disease or condition that is causing the calcium deposits to form. Other treatments may include medications to reduce inflammation and pain, physical therapy to improve mobility and strength, and surgery to remove the calcium deposits.
Mitral valve stenosis can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
* Calcification of the mitral valve due to aging or rheumatic fever
* Scarring of the mitral valve due to heart disease or injury
* Birth defects that affect the development of the mitral valve
* Rheumatoid arthritis, which can cause inflammation and scarring of the mitral valve
Symptoms of mitral valve stenosis may include:
* Shortness of breath
* Fatigue
* Swelling in the legs, ankles, and feet
* Chest pain
* Dizziness or lightheadedness
* Palpitations
If you suspect you or someone else may have mitral valve stenosis, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible. A healthcare provider can perform a physical examination and order diagnostic tests such as an echocardiogram or electrocardiogram to confirm the diagnosis and determine the severity of the condition. Treatment for mitral valve stenosis may include medications to manage symptoms, lifestyle changes, or surgery to repair or replace the mitral valve. With timely and appropriate treatment, many people with mitral valve stenosis can lead active and fulfilling lives.
Treatment for rheumatic heart disease typically involves antibiotics to prevent further damage and medications to manage symptoms such as high blood pressure, swelling, and shortness of breath. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or replace damaged valves.
Prevention of rheumatic heart disease involves early diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic fever, as well as maintaining good cardiovascular health through a healthy diet, regular exercise, and not smoking.
Some common symptoms of rheumatic heart disease include:
* Shortness of breath
* Fatigue
* Swelling in the legs, ankles, and feet
* Chest pain or discomfort
* Dizziness or lightheadedness
* Irregular heartbeat
Some common risk factors for developing rheumatic heart disease include:
* Previous exposure to group A streptococcus bacteria, which can cause rheumatic fever
* Family history of rheumatic heart disease
* Poor living conditions or overcrowding, which can increase the risk of exposure to group A streptococcus bacteria
* Malnutrition or a diet low in certain nutrients, such as vitamin D and iron.
Types of congenital heart defects include:
1. Ventricular septal defect (VSD): A hole in the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart, allowing abnormal blood flow.
2. Atrial septal defect (ASD): A hole in the wall between the two upper chambers of the heart, also allowing abnormal blood flow.
3. Tetralogy of Fallot: A combination of four heart defects, including VSD, pulmonary stenosis (narrowing of the pulmonary valve), and abnormal development of the infundibulum (a part of the heart that connects the ventricles to the pulmonary artery).
4. Transposition of the great vessels: A condition in which the aorta and/or pulmonary artery are placed in the wrong position, disrupting blood flow.
5. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS): A severe defect in which the left side of the heart is underdeveloped, resulting in insufficient blood flow to the body.
6. Pulmonary atresia: A condition in which the pulmonary valve does not form properly, blocking blood flow to the lungs.
7. Truncus arteriosus: A rare defect in which a single artery instead of two (aorta and pulmonary artery) arises from the heart.
8. Double-outlet right ventricle: A condition in which both the aorta and the pulmonary artery arise from the right ventricle instead of the left ventricle.
Causes of congenital heart defects are not fully understood, but genetics, environmental factors, and viral infections during pregnancy may play a role. Diagnosis is typically made through fetal echocardiography or cardiac ultrasound during pregnancy or after birth. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the defect and may include medication, surgery, or heart transplantation. With advances in medical technology and treatment, many children with congenital heart disease can lead active, healthy lives into adulthood.
Also known as: solar lentigo, senile lentigo, and lentigo simplex.
There are several types of heart septal defects, including atrial septal defects, ventricular septal defects, and mitral valve defects. Ventricular septal defects are the most common type and occur when there is an abnormal opening in the wall between the right and left ventricles.
Symptoms of heart septal defects can include shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and feet. In some cases, the defect may not cause any symptoms at all until later in life.
Diagnosis of heart septal defects is typically made using echocardiography, electrocardiography (ECG), or chest X-rays. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the defect and can include medication to manage symptoms, surgery to repair the defect, or catheter procedures to close the opening. In some cases, heart septal defects may be treated with a procedure called balloon atrial septostomy, in which a balloon is inserted through a catheter into the abnormal opening and inflated to close it.
Prognosis for patients with heart septal defects depends on the severity of the defect and the presence of any other congenital heart defects. In general, early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and endocardrial infection.
In summary, heart septal defects, ventricular type, are congenital heart defects that occur when there is an abnormal opening in the wall between the right and left ventricles of the heart. Symptoms can include shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and feet. Diagnosis is typically made using echocardiography, electrocardiography (ECG), or chest X-rays. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the defect and can include medication, surgery, or catheter procedures. Prognosis is generally good for patients with heart septal defects if they receive early diagnosis and treatment.
Symptoms of endocarditis may include fever, fatigue, joint pain, and swelling in the legs and feet. In some cases, the condition can lead to serious complications, such as heart valve damage, stroke, or death.
Treatment for endocarditis typically involves antibiotics to clear the infection. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or replace damaged heart tissue. Preventive measures include good dental hygiene, avoiding risky behaviors such as injecting drugs, and keeping wounds clean and covered.
Endocarditis is a serious condition that can have long-term consequences if left untreated. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent complications and ensure the best possible outcome for patients.
www.medicinenet.com/sudden_death/article.htm
Sudden death is death that occurs unexpectedly and without warning, often due to a cardiac arrest or other underlying medical condition.
In the medical field, sudden death is defined as death that occurs within one hour of the onset of symptoms, with no prior knowledge of any serious medical condition. It is often caused by a cardiac arrhythmia, such as ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia, which can lead to cardiac arrest and sudden death if not treated promptly.
Other possible causes of sudden death include:
1. Heart disease: Coronary artery disease, heart failure, and other heart conditions can increase the risk of sudden death.
2. Stroke: A stroke can cause sudden death by disrupting blood flow to the brain or other vital organs.
3. Pulmonary embolism: A blood clot in the lungs can block blood flow and cause sudden death.
4. Trauma: Sudden death can occur as a result of injuries sustained in an accident or other traumatic event.
5. Drug overdose: Taking too much of certain medications or drugs can cause sudden death due to cardiac arrest or respiratory failure.
6. Infections: Sepsis, meningitis, and other severe infections can lead to sudden death if left untreated.
7. Genetic conditions: Certain inherited disorders, such as Long QT syndrome, can increase the risk of sudden death due to cardiac arrhythmias.
The diagnosis of sudden death often requires an autopsy and a thorough investigation into the individual's medical history and circumstances surrounding their death. Treatment and prevention strategies may include defibrillation, CPR, medications to regulate heart rhythm, and lifestyle modifications to reduce risk factors such as obesity, smoking, and high blood pressure.
Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines
MASS syndrome
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Aortic valve repair
Marfan syndrome
Heart murmur
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Amaurosis fugax
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Chest pain in children
Second-degree atrioventricular block
Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine
Spondylo-ocular syndrome
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Transforming growth factor beta
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List of MeSH codes (C14)
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Mitral annular calcification
Handgrip maneuver
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Regurgitation (circulation)
Daoud Hanania
Heart valve
Heart click
Mitral valve
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Interventional radiology
Medical ultrasound
List of syndromes
Heart sounds
Mitral valve replacement
Mitral regurgitation
Chest pain
Outline of emergency medicine
The Hippocratic Crush II
Tissue Doppler echocardiography
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Atrial septal defect
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Heart disease - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
Polycystic Kidney Disease Workup: Approach Considerations, Ultrasonography, CT, MRI, and MRA
Transcatheter Treatment: Procedures and Heart Valve Market
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Heart valves - Libre Pathology
Aneurysm5
- [ 33 ] Patients with familial thoracic aortic aneurysm may have deformity of the thoracic cage (pectus excavatum, scoliosis). (medscape.com)
- In addition, mutations in the TGF β R2 gene have been implicated as a rare cause (5%) of familial thoracic aortic aneurysm. (medscape.com)
- In the course of his cardiology practice he encountered Marfan syndrome (first described by a French physician in 1896), a condition characterized by unusual height, abnormally long limbs, dislocation of the eye lenses, and aortic aneurysm and prolapsed heart valves, among other symptoms. (nih.gov)
- Aortic aneurysm and dissection can be life threatening. (nih.gov)
- Earned 'high performer' ratings in all 15 procedures and conditions - including cardiac bypass surgery, aortic valve surgery, abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR), heart attack and heart failure - evaluated in U.S. News ' 2021-2022 "Best Hospitals" study. (smh.com)
Regurgitation22
- In some cases, the prolapsed valve lets a small amount of blood leak backward through the valve, called regurgitation, which may cause a heart murmur. (stroke.org)
- The echo uses ultrasound to evaluate the characteristics of the valve cusps and how much blood may be leaking (regurgitation) from the valve when the heart contracts. (stroke.org)
- When mitral valve prolapse is severe enough to cause significant valve leakage , called "regurgitation," it can lead to serious complications such as heart attack and stroke . (stroke.org)
- Aortic regurgitation is a heart valve disease in which the aortic valve does not close tightly. (medlineplus.gov)
- In the past, rheumatic fever was the main cause of aortic regurgitation. (medlineplus.gov)
- Therefore, aortic regurgitation is more commonly due to other causes. (medlineplus.gov)
- If your blood pressure is high, you may need to take blood pressure medicines to help slow the worsening of aortic regurgitation. (medlineplus.gov)
- Surgery to repair or replace the aortic valve corrects aortic regurgitation. (medlineplus.gov)
- People with angina or congestive heart failure due to aortic regurgitation do poorly without treatment. (medlineplus.gov)
- You have symptoms of aortic regurgitation. (medlineplus.gov)
- Blood pressure control is very important if you are at risk for aortic regurgitation. (medlineplus.gov)
- Severe valve distortion can cause leakage and allow the backflow of blood from the ASCENDING AORTA back into the LEFT VENTRICLE , leading to aortic regurgitation. (nih.gov)
- Detailed description, including demographics and cost burden, of heart valve diseases (e.g., valvular stenosis and regurgitation) and transcatheter procedure approaches (e.g., transfemoral, transapical and transaortic). (researchandmarkets.com)
- But, over time, aortic regurgitation became my new problem. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- My name is Denise Ring and I suffered from severe mitral regurgitation due to a mitral valve prolapse. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- This disclosure pertains generally to prosthetic devices and related methods for helping to seal native heart valves and prevent or reduce regurgitation therethrough, as well as devices and related methods for implanting such prosthetic devices. (justia.com)
- Mitral regurgitation occurs when the native mitral valve fails to close properly and blood flows into the left atrium from the left ventricle during the systole phase of the cardiac cycle. (justia.com)
- Mitral regurgitation has different causes, such as leaflet prolapse, dysfunctional papillary muscles, and/or stretching of the mitral valve annulus resulting from dilation of the left ventricle. (justia.com)
- Many people with Marfan syndrome have additional heart problems including a leak in the valve that connects two of the four chambers of the heart (mitral valve prolapse) or the valve that regulates blood flow from the heart into the aorta (aortic valve regurgitation). (nih.gov)
- Degenerative mitral valve disease is the most common cause of mitral regurgitation. (mitralvalverepair.org)
- Dr. David H. Adams and his team offer patients a greater than 99 percent repair rate for patients with degenerative mitral valve regurgitation, and sets national benchmarks in safety. (mitralvalverepair.org)
- 72-year-old male with a diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse and chronic severe mitral regurgitation, aortic root and ascending aorta dilatation and patent foramen ovale. (doctorsmedicalopinion.com)
Stenosis9
- At all ages, men are more likely than women to have certain heart valve conditions, such as aortic stenosis. (nih.gov)
- This is similar to a procedure traditionally done in people with aortic stenosis. (medlineplus.gov)
- To learn more about TAVR for patients with aortic stenosis, click here . (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- AdventHealth Cardiovascular Institute has been selected as one of the first sites to offer the recently FDA-approved Edwards SAPIEN Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) as a treatment option for certain patients with inoperable, severe, symptomatic aortic valve stenosis. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- Patients eligible for this therapy have severe aortic stenosis and are experiencing cardiac symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest discomfort or syncope. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- I was born in 1967 with aortic stenosis. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- A failure of a valve to fully open, which restricts the amount of blood flow through the valve due to the thickening or stiffening of valves inside your heart may result in valve stenosis. (inlivepro.com)
- Mechanical obstruction must not be left unless they have coronary artery stenosis secondary to valve replacement is a common underdiagnosed problem. (albionfoundation.org)
- Other underlying structural factors include congenital defects (e.g., bicuspid aortic valve), degenerative cardiac lesions (calcific aortic stenosis), and rheumatic heart disease. (mhmedical.com)
Dilatation9
- Lifelong follow-up by echocardiography is advised, as aortic root dilatation can occur later in life. (medscape.com)
- Patients may develop aortic dilatation. (medscape.com)
- Echocardiography or cardiac MRI, to asses for valvular heart disease, mitral valve prolapse, aortic dilatation, or congenital abnormalities. (medscape.com)
- Adults may have mitral valve prolapse or aortic root dilatation. (nih.gov)
- Recurrent germline mutations as genetic markers for aortic root dilatation in bicuspid aortic valve patients. (cdc.gov)
- Although the clinical features can be similar to Marfan syndrome (MFS), multiple joint contractures (especially elbow, knee and finger joints), and crumpled ears in the absence of significant aortic root dilatation are characteristic of Beals syndrome and rarely found in Marfan syndrome. (biomedcentral.com)
- Lens subluxation is present in approximately half of patients with MFS and the most common cardiovascular complications are dilatation of aortic root and mitral valve prolapse. (biomedcentral.com)
- Other congenital heart defects have been reported, but aortic dilatation is mild in CCA and stationary, measurements being always less than 2SD above mean [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- In MFS, the aortic root dilatation expands beyond 2SD and is progressive. (biomedcentral.com)
Bicuspid aortic valve p1
- Mitral valve prolapse and bicuspid aortic valve problems can run in families. (nih.gov)
Left atrium7
- Mitral valve prolapse, also called MVP, is a condition in which the two valve flaps of the mitral valve don't close smoothly or evenly, but bulge (prolapse) upward into the left atrium. (stroke.org)
- The native mitral valve of the human heart connects the left atrium to the left ventricle. (justia.com)
- When operating properly, the anterior leaflet and the posterior leaflet function together as a one-way valve to allow blood to flow only from the left atrium to the left ventricle. (justia.com)
- When the muscles of the left atrium relax and the muscles of the left ventricle contract, the increased blood pressure in the left ventricle urges the two leaflets of the mitral valve together, thereby closing the one-way mitral valve so that blood cannot flow back into the left atrium and is, instead, expelled out of the left ventricle through the aortic valve. (justia.com)
- To prevent the two leaflets from prolapse under pressure and folding back through the mitral valve annulus towards the left atrium, a plurality of fibrous cords called chordae tendineae tether the leaflets to papillary muscles in the left ventricle. (justia.com)
- Mitral valve vegetations are typically attached within 1-2 cm of the leaflet tip on the left atrial side and prolapse into the left atrium during systole. (mhmedical.com)
- Mitral valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle. (inlivepro.com)
TAVR1
- Learn about TAVR The AdventHealth Cardiovascular Institute maintains an experienced Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) Heart Team. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
Cardiac3
- The ECM component hyaluronan and TGFbeta2 are required for epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) to contribute cardiac mesenchyme for heart valve formation and partitioning of the chambers. (nih.gov)
- By contrast, infection of the cardiac valve leaflet endothelium (endocardium) is not rare and occurs even in the absence of identifiable preexisting valve disease. (mhmedical.com)
- With our multi-disciplinary, team-based approach to cardiac care, patients benefit from collective expertise and decades of experience in evaluating and treating such conditions as irregular heartbeat, heart attack, heart failure, coronary artery disease, valve disorders, and other cardiovascular and thoracic disorders. (smh.com)
Echocardiogram2
- Even for those who aren't having symptoms, if a murmur is detected suggesting mitral valve prolapse, an echocardiogram (echo) is recommended. (stroke.org)
- An echocardiogram uses sound waves to help diagnose mitral valve disease. (mitralvalverepair.org)
Rheumatic fever2
- This helps prevent rheumatic fever , which can damage the heart valves. (nih.gov)
- Problems with heart valves may occur as a result of infections (most commonly infective endocarditis and rheumatic fever), degeneration, or congenital abnormality. (singhealth.com.sg)
Dissection2
- Mild aortic root enlargement has been reported, but further progression to dissection or rupture remains unclear. (medscape.com)
- Stretching of the aorta may cause the aortic valve to leak, which can lead to a sudden tearing of the layers in the aorta wall ( aortic dissection ). (nih.gov)
Valvular heart d2
- Valvular heart disease is a disorder or disease of the heart valves, which are the tissue flaps that regulate the flow of blood into and out of the chambers of the heart. (singhealth.com.sg)
- Patients with valvular heart disease have a malfunction of one or more of the heart valves. (singhealth.com.sg)
Disease12
- You may develop heart valve disease as you age, or because of medicine you take or a procedure you have. (nih.gov)
- A family history of early coronary heart disease can also raise your risk of developing a heart valve disease. (nih.gov)
- Risk factors for other types of heart disease may put you at risk for heart valve diseases, too. (nih.gov)
- Your family history and the genes you inherit can increase your risk of developing a heart valve disease. (nih.gov)
- You can take steps to help prevent some causes of congenital heart valve disease, although not all are preventable. (nih.gov)
- The most common cause of MVP is abnormally stretchy valve leaflets (called myxomatous valve disease). (stroke.org)
- Find out more about your heart valves and how to manage heart valve disease. (stroke.org)
- According to the American Heart Association, approximately five million people are diagnosed with valve disease each year. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- Valve disease can develop before birth (congenital) or during one's life. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- These heart valves can be rendered less effective by congenital malformations, inflammatory processes, infectious conditions, or disease. (justia.com)
- Valve infection probably begins when minor trauma, with or without accompanying valve disease, impairs the antihemostatic function of valve endocardium. (mhmedical.com)
- Most cases of endocarditis occur in those with a predisposing structural abnormality (congenital or acquired), prosthetic valve, or a risk factor for disease (e.g., injection drug use, intravascular device, poor dental hygiene, chronic hemodialysis, human immunodeficiency virus infection). (mhmedical.com)
Pulmonic2
- Although the mitral valve is the most commonly affected site (followed by the aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonic valves), the incidence of tricuspid valve endocarditis has steadily increased, attributed principally to increased rates of injection drug use. (mhmedical.com)
- A sampling of his research work shows - 1973 angiomorphic correlation, 1974 pulmonic valve motion assessment, 1977 mitral valve prolapse, 1984 pulmonary and aortic assessment. (mcobajm.org)
Tricuspid1
- The native heart valves (i.e., the aortic, pulmonary, tricuspid, and mitral valves) serve critical functions in assuring the forward flow of an adequate supply of blood through the cardiovascular system. (justia.com)
Leaflets3
- Doctor DeBoer was able to repair the aortic valve by simply cutting the three leaflets to a full open position. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- The mitral valve includes an annulus portion, which is an annular portion of the native valve tissue surrounding the mitral valve orifice, and a pair of cusps, or leaflets extending downward from the annulus into the left ventricle. (justia.com)
- Infection usually first appears along the coapting surface of the leaflets, suggesting a role for valve opening and closing. (mhmedical.com)
Cusps2
- The downward displacement of the cuspal or pointed end of the trileaflet AORTIC VALVE causing misalignment of the cusps. (nih.gov)
- Aortic valve vegetations usually occur on the left ventricular (LV) side of the mid or distal portions of the aortic cusps and prolapse into the LV outflow tract during diastole. (mhmedical.com)
Replacement5
- The decision to have aortic valve replacement depends on your symptoms and the condition and function of your heart. (medlineplus.gov)
- There is increasing interest in a minimally invasive procedure in which a replacement valve is implanted via catheter. (medlineplus.gov)
- AdventHealth Cardiovascular Institute (formerly Florida Hospital) excels at the repair and replacement of heart valves. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- For many years the definitive treatment for such disorders was the surgical repair or replacement of the valve during open-heart surgery. (justia.com)
- Mitral valve replacement should not be an option. (mitralvalverepair.org)
Symptoms4
- The use of antibiotics before having a dental procedure is no longer recommended by the American Heart Association for patients with mitral valve prolapse, regardless of whether they have associated symptoms. (stroke.org)
- Surgery can cure aortic insufficiency and relieve symptoms, unless you develop heart failure or other complications. (medlineplus.gov)
- You have aortic insufficiency and your symptoms worsen or new symptoms develop (especially chest pain, difficulty breathing , or swelling ). (medlineplus.gov)
- Your symptoms that you are experiencing may be due to the valve disorder you have. (inlivepro.com)
Insufficiency2
- Aortic insufficiency is most common in men between the ages of 30 and 60. (medlineplus.gov)
- Lab tests cannot diagnose aortic insufficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
Transcatheter2
- This report is an analytical business tool with the primary purpose of providing a thorough evaluation of the global market for transcatheter treatment for heart valve diseases. (researchandmarkets.com)
- Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) of the mitral valve is a complex procedure requiring continuous image guidance with 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. (bvsalud.org)
Shortness of bre1
- Leaks in these valves can cause shortness of breath, fatigue, and an irregular heartbeat felt as skipped or extra beats (palpitations). (nih.gov)
Cardiovascular2
- AdventHealth Cardiovascular Institute has assembled a special team of heart valve specialists that are committed to getting patients the best results. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- Such damage to the valves can result in serious cardiovascular compromise or death. (justia.com)
Root1
- The cardiologist ran a whole battery of tests and eventually concluded Heaven had an enlarged aortic root and mitral valve prolapse. (thezippyzebra.com)
Flaps1
- The individuals suffering from this condition typically suffer from an aortic valve that has just two flaps rather than three. (inlivepro.com)
Patients8
- These skeletal features are also seen in patients with bicuspid aortic valve sequence. (medscape.com)
- 6. Increased prevalence of mitral valve prolapse in patients with migraine. (nih.gov)
- 7. Mitral valve prolapse and platelet aggregation in patients with hemiplegic and non-hemiplegic migraine. (nih.gov)
- In 2017, AdventHealth performed more than 865 valve surgery patients (aortic valve and mitral valve combined), more than anyone else in the state. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- The Center for Valve Therapies is a multidisciplinary clinic that combines the efforts of referring physicians, cardiologists, interventional cardiologists and cardiothoracic surgeons to provide focused assessments and treatment options for patients with complex valve disorders. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- Therefore, elderly and frail patients with defective heart valves often went untreated. (justia.com)
- Pain from aortic or mitral valve prolapse, coronary artery spasm ie, variant angina and non-stemi patients. (albionfoundation.org)
- The Mitral Valve Repair Center at Mount Sinai offers patients the highest percentage of mitral valve repair available anywhere in the world. (mitralvalverepair.org)
Prosthetic heart1
- In a representative embodiment, a method comprises implanting first and second inflatable bodies within an annulus of a native heart valve by securing the inflatable bodies to tissue of the native heart valve with sutures, and implanting a prosthetic heart valve between the inflatable bodies such that the prosthetic heart valve is retained within the annulus by the inflatable bodies. (justia.com)
Leaks1
- This happens because when the valve leaks, it can cause the atrium to enlarge. (stroke.org)
Bulge1
- The second operation was carried out on Sept 12, 1957, with the patient under moderate total body hypothermia (29.5 C [85.1F]). A bulge was noticed just below the pulmonary valve and a thrill was pres- ent which was maximal over the bulge and extended up the pulmonary artery. (nih.gov)
Recurrent1
- 16. [Recurrent episodes of focal cerebral ischemia in a female patient with mitral valve prolapse and migraine headache]. (nih.gov)
Leaflet2
- When transient bacteremia coincides with the presence of an NBTE lesion, organisms may adhere to the valve leaflet and begin to proliferate causing additional deposition of platelets and fibrin and forming an infected vegetation. (mhmedical.com)
- Vegetations begin near the coaptation line of the leaflet on the side that contacts the opposite leaflet during valve closure. (mhmedical.com)
Degenerative1
- Mitral valve repair is the recommended surgical therapy for all prolapsing degenerative mitral valves. (mitralvalverepair.org)
Surgery3
- Recognized around the world for the volume of procedures performed, expertise and success, valve surgery has become a routine practice at our Institute. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- Heart valve surgery can be extremely complex and the experience of the entire team is critical. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- Aortic Valve Surgery in Non-Elderly Adults: What's New? (mitralvalverepair.org)
Ectopia lentis1
- Otras características consisten en desplazamiento del cristalino (ectopia lentis), extremidades desproporcionadamente largas y engrosamiento de la DURAMADRE (ectasia dural). (bvsalud.org)
Annulus1
- The mitral valve annulus can form a D-shaped, oval, or otherwise out-of-round cross-sectional shape having major and minor axes. (justia.com)
Minimally2
- As a Valve Center of Excellence, AdventHealth is leading the field in ground-breaking techniques including minimally invasive and small incision. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
- All prolapsing valves are repairable while using minimally invasive surgical techniques. (mitralvalverepair.org)
Pulmonary valve2
- The pulmonary valve is located between the ventricle of the right as well as the blood vessels of the pulmonary circulation. (inlivepro.com)
- Under inflow occlusion the prlmonary artery was opened, and by looking down through the pulmonary valve, a 5 mm defect could be seen high in the right ventricle im- mediately below the pulmonary valve. (nih.gov)
Endocarditis2
- This can help protect you from infections that cause endocarditis, a type of heart inflammation that can damage the heart valves. (nih.gov)
- For native valve endocarditis in the developed world, mitral valve prolapse is a common predisposing lesion. (mhmedical.com)
Chest1
- A chest X-ray chest, or an MRI may show an expanding heart, as well as a different ailments that could be connected to valves. (inlivepro.com)
Syndrome3
- NHLBI-supported researchers are investigating specific genes that can mutate and lead to heart valve defects such as bicuspid aortic valve syndrome. (nih.gov)
- Mitral valve prolapse is also known as click-murmur syndrome, Barlow's syndrome or floppy valve syndrome . (stroke.org)
- 12. Migraine and the mitral valve prolapse syndrome. (nih.gov)
Disorder1
- This disorder does not allow your mitral valve to shut properly, which causes blood flow to flow back into the atrium left. (inlivepro.com)
Heart chamber1
- The lub-dub sound is made by the heart valves closing as blood exits the heart chamber. (barkandwhiskers.com)
Repair1
- Dr. Adams and his team have been at the forefront of developing novel devices and approaches to facilitate mitral valve repair over the past decade. (mitralvalverepair.org)
