Papillary fibroelastoma

Marian Ionescu

Congenital heart defect

Valvular heart disease

Ventricular septal defect

Heart sounds

Stefan Struve

Amy Black

Aortic insufficiency

Aortic stenosis

Aortic dissection

Heart valve

Aortic valve

Fetal aortic stenosis

Aortic valve replacement

Bicuspid aortic valve

Artificial heart valve

Decellularization of porcine heart valve

Heart murmur

Mitral valve

Mitral valve repair

Congenital heart defect

Mitral valve

Austin Flint murmur

Mitral valve

Mitral valve annuloplasty

Pericardial heart valves

Shone's syndrome

Common ostrich

Common ostrich

कार्दियोलजि

Thoracic diaphragm

Valvulotomy

Gilles Dreyfus

Mitral valve stenosis

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis

Thoracic diaphragm

ATS Medical

Hans-Joachim Schäfers

E/A ratio

Annulus3

• Two thirds of the lower segment (aortic annulus) of the aortic root is attached to the interventricular septum while the remainder is attached to the fibrous part of the anterior mitral valve leaflet [ 2 ]. (intechopen.com)
• [ 2 ] This anomaly is characterized by a mitral valve with a single fibrous annulus with 2 orifices that open into the left ventricle (LV), as depicted in the image below. (blogspot.com)
• Each valve has a separate annulus, and a separate set of mitral valve leaflets and subvalvar apparatus. (blogspot.com)

Aorta1

• b) Aortic semilunar valve, located at the opening between the left ventricle and the aorta. (wikipedia.org)

Left ventricular1

• Aortic root had been described as the vascular tube supporting the aortic valve leaflets and connecting the left ventricular outflow tract inferiorly to the sinotubular junction superiorly [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)

Cusps6

• The valves incorporate leaflets or cusps , which are pushed open to allow blood flow and which then close together to seal and prevent backflow. (wikipedia.org)
• The mitral valve has two cusps, whereas the others have three. (wikipedia.org)
• The pulmonary valve has left, right, and anterior cusps. (wikipedia.org)
• and the mitral valve has just anterior and posterior cusps. (wikipedia.org)
• The mitral valve is also called the bicuspid valve because it contains two leaflets or cusps. (wikipedia.org)
• The tendinous chords pull the flaps or cusps of the valves and prevent them from swinging back into the upper chamber of the heart. (knowyourbody.net)

Coronary5

• This tubular structure ( Figure 1 ) encompasses the aortic valve leaflets, coronary ostia, commissures, interleaflet triangles and the sinuses [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
• Sinotubular junction is indicated by the open arrows, small arrows indicating the coronary ostia (left and right), broken lines indicating the fibrous skeleton between the aortic and mitral valves. (intechopen.com)
• The heart also has a coronary sinus valve, and a inferior vena cava valve , not discussed here. (wikipedia.org)
• The collagenous strands along with the opening of the coronary sinus and the septal cusp of the tricuspid valve form the triangle of Koch with the tendon of Todaro. (knowyourbody.net)
• The flexible, inelastic cord is a lateral structure of the Eustachian Valve of the Inferior vena cava and the Thebesian valve of the coronary sinus. (knowyourbody.net)

Pulmonic valves1

• The valves have two leaflets along with three leaflets of the aortic and pulmonic valves. (knowyourbody.net)

Heart valves3

• The heart valves and the chambers are lined with endocardium . (wikipedia.org)
• Heart valves separate the atria from the ventricles , or the ventricles from a blood vessel . (wikipedia.org)
• Heart valves are situated around the fibrous rings of the cardiac skeleton . (wikipedia.org)

Replacement1

• From first aortic root replacement reported by Bentall and De Bono in 1968 to aortic root reimplantation (David procedure) and remodeling (Yacoub operation) with multiple contemporary modifications, aortic root reconstruction now is widely used in treatment of chronic aortic aneurysmal disease and acute aortic dissections alike. (intechopen.com)

Cardiac1

• Aortic root reconstruction represents one of the most complex areas of cardiac surgery as well as one of the most dynamic-major developments in understanding of the aortic root anatomy and physiology, improvements in imaging and surgical technique allowed for development and acceptance into clinical practice of several novel procedures over last couple of decades. (intechopen.com)

Surgical1

• We present here a brief overview of pathology involving the aortic root with a special focus on the surgical aspects in these operative procedures. (intechopen.com)

Papillary6

• The chordae tendineae are attached to papillary muscles that cause tension to better hold the valve. (wikipedia.org)
• These are situated between the edges of the tricuspid and mitral valve of the heart and on the other end of the papillary muscles. (knowyourbody.net)
• Chordae tendineae and papillary muscles offer extreme support to the leaflets of the mitral and tricuspid valves. (knowyourbody.net)
• Other anomalies of the valve apparatus, such as cleft leaflets, accessory papillary muscles, fused papillary muscles, and crossing chordae tendineae, are commonly present. (blogspot.com)
• This condition involves 2 mitral valve annuli and valves, each with its own set of leaflets, commissures, chordae, and papillary muscles. (blogspot.com)
• Abnormal structures, including large bridging tissue, bulky abnormal leaflets, fused chordae, or abnormal papillary muscles reduce the effective area of the valve. (blogspot.com)

Anterior1

• The normal mitral valve consists of a large, central orifice located between a large sail-like anterior leaflet and a small, C-shaped posterior leaflet. (blogspot.com)

Atrioventricular4

• The two atrioventricular (AV) valves, the mitral valve (bicuspid valve), and the tricuspid valve , which are between the upper chambers (atria) and the lower chambers (ventricles). (wikipedia.org)
• On the other hand, in ventricular systole, the thick muscular walls of the ventricles contract as a result of high pressure than the arteries and close the atrioventricular valves. (knowyourbody.net)
• Complete AVCD includes ostium primum atrial septal defect, a common atrioventricular valve and a confluent posterior ventricular septal defect located in the inlet portion of ventricular septum. (biomedcentral.com)
• Partial AVCD is characterized by ostium primun septal defect and two distinct orifices of the atrioventricular valves with cleft of the antero-medial leaflet of the mitral valve. (biomedcentral.com)

Systolic1

• The peculiar insertion of chords on the leaflet free margin, however, provides systolic stress sharing between chords according to their different thickness. (wikipedia.org)

Chordae1

• They are anchored to the walls of the ventricles by chordae tendineae , which prevent the valves from inverting. (wikipedia.org)

Tricuspid and mitral valves1

• On the left are two standard 2D views (taken from the 3D dataset) showing tricuspid and mitral valves (above) and aortal valve (below). (wikipedia.org)

Fibrous1

• In about 15% of patients with double orifice mitral valve, a central bridge of fibrous or abnormal leaflet tissue connects the 2 leaflets of the mitral valve, dividing the orifice into medial and lateral parts. (blogspot.com)

Tissue1

• In double orifice mitral valve, abnormal tissue divides the orifice into 2 parts. (blogspot.com)

Ventricle4

• a) Tricuspid valve, located between the right atrium and right ventricle. (wikipedia.org)
• b) Bicuspid or mitral valve, located between the left atrium and left ventricle. (wikipedia.org)
• a) Pulmonary semilunar valve, located at the opening between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk. (wikipedia.org)
• Two mitral valves can be seen opening into the left ventricle. (blogspot.com)

Hemodynamics1

• These are a direct result of better understanding of the functional hemodynamics of the aortic root coupled with significant improvement in imaging. (intechopen.com)

Pulmonary valve3

• The two semilunar (SL) valves, the aortic valve and the pulmonary valve , which are in the arteries leaving the heart. (wikipedia.org)
• the tricuspid valve and the pulmonary valve are in the right heart. (wikipedia.org)
• the pulmonary valve is not visible. (wikipedia.org)

Bicuspid47

• The bicuspid aortic valve (AV) is the most common cardiac congenital anomaly and has been found to be a significant risk factor for developing calcific AV disease. (springer.com)
• In this study we quantified the structure of human normal and bicuspid leaflets in the early disease stage. (springer.com)
• Interestingly, we found statistically different and consistent regional structures between the normal and bicuspid valves. (springer.com)
• Bicuspid aortic valve: theoretical and clinical aspects of concomitant ascending aorta replacement. (springer.com)
• Evangelista, A. Bicuspid aortic valve and aortic root disease. (springer.com)
• Clinical and pathophysiological implications of a bicuspid aortic valve. (springer.com)
• Bicuspid aortic valve: clinical approach and scientific review of a common clinical entity. (springer.com)
• Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is an inherited form of heart disease in which two of the leaflets of the aortic valve fuse during development in the womb resulting in a two-leaflet valve (bicuspid valve) instead of the normal three-leaflet valve (tricuspid). (wikipedia.org)
• Normally, the mitral valve is the only bicuspid valve and this is situated between the heart's left atrium and left ventricle. (wikipedia.org)
• Bicuspid aortic valves may assume three different types of configuration: "Real" bicuspid valves with two symmetric leaflets A tricuspid architecture with a fusion of two leaflets A tricuspid architecture with a fusion of three leaflets In many cases, a bicuspid aortic valve will cause no problems. (wikipedia.org)
• Identifying hemodynamic patterns in the aorta after left ventricle systole aids in predicting consequential complications of bicuspid aortic valve. (wikipedia.org)
• Most patients with bicuspid aortic valve whose valve becomes dysfunctional will need careful follow-up and potentially valve replacement at some point in life. (wikipedia.org)
• Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart defect and is associated with a high risk of aortic dilation. (biomedcentral.com)
• Variations in aortic diameter with bicuspid aortic valve fusion pattern type. (biomedcentral.com)
• Your heart's mitral valve, also known as a bicuspid valve, has two leaflets, but the other valves normally have three. (howstuffworks.com)
• Ask the Pediatric Cardiologist: Bicuspid Aortic Valve. (howstuffworks.com)
• coarctation of the aorta and bicuspid aortic valve. (cdc.gov)
• Bicuspid aortic valve is an aortic valve that has two leaflets, instead of three. (cdc.gov)
• There is no intervention for his bicuspid aortic valve. (cdc.gov)
• This is called a bicuspid aortic valve (or BAV). (cincinnatichildrens.org)
• These obstructions to forward flow may present alone or in concert, as in the frequent association of a bicuspid aortic valve with coarctation of the aorta. (ahajournals.org)
• E, Autopsy specimen of a calcified and stenotic bicuspid aortic valve. (ahajournals.org)
• A bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is present in 23% of patients. (ahajournals.org)
• Should We Worry About Bicuspid Aortic Valve? (medworm.com)
• In bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) there are 2 asymmetric leaflets with a fish-mouthed orifice between them which may not open fully. (medworm.com)
• About 1% of the population is born with a bicuspid aortic valve, i.e. with only two cusps in the valve. (medindia.net)
• Congenital aortic stenosis from a unicuspid, bicuspid, or even abnormal tricuspid valve may cause symptoms during childhood and necessitates rectification by adolescence. (medindia.net)
• The most common congenital abnormality is a bicuspid aortic valve. (emaxhealth.com)
• OBJECTIVE: There is an ongoing discussion regarding the mechanism of aortic dilatation in bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease, that is, is this a hemodynamic effect or related to an inborn weakness of the aortic wall? (gu.se)
• CONCLUSIONS: In our study population, >50% of the patients admitted for surgery had a bicuspid valve. (gu.se)
• The bicuspid aortic valve, a kind of heart disease that comes from parents, has been paid attention around the world. (frontiersin.org)
• Although most bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients will suffer from some complications including aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, endocarditis, and heart dysfunction in the late stage of the disease, there is none symptom in the childhood, which restrains us to diagnose and treatment in the onset phase of BAV. (frontiersin.org)
• Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease has the characteristic of heredity with variable genetic penetrance. (frontiersin.org)
• Patients with a congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), a valve with two instead of three aortic leaflets, have an increased risk of developing thoracic aneurysms and aortic dissection. (biologists.org)
• Patients with a congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) often develop subsequent aortopathy later in adulthood. (biologists.org)
• Only has two leaflets instead of three (bicuspid aortic valve). (choc.org)
• Bicuspid aortic valve disease is a congenital valve disease that affects the aortic valve . (medicinenet.com)
• Instead of the normal three leaflets or cusps, the bicuspid aortic valve has only two. (medicinenet.com)
• Congenital malformation of the valve where by two of the three leaflets are fused into one, known as a bicuspid aortic valve, predisposes the valve to early calcific degeneration. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
• Dr. Heppner ran some tests on my heart valves, and found out I had a bicuspid aortic valve ," Bob says. (upmc.com)
• With a bicuspid aortic valve , the heart valve has only two cusps and may not open and close properly. (upmc.com)
• Only about 2 percent of people in the U.S. have bicuspid aortic valve, with it being more common in males. (upmc.com)
• Most people who have bicuspid aortic valve also form aneurysms (bulges) in the ascending aorta . (upmc.com)
• People with bicuspid aortic valve, including Bob, are born with the problem. (upmc.com)
• As time went on, Dr. Heppner kept a close eye on Bob's bicuspid aortic valve and ascending aorta. (upmc.com)
• And his bicuspid valve had narrowed greatly. (upmc.com)
• Bicuspid aortic valves with different spatial orientations of the leaflets are distinct etiological entities. (uma.es)

Insufficiency14

• To quantitate the effect of renal insufficiency on aortic valve thickening, we measured the maximal aortic valve leaflet thickness at the valve nodule in the nephrectomized and control mice. (nih.gov)
• Many mechanisms contribute to aortic valve insufficiency. (medscape.com)
• This article primarily focuses on aortic valve insufficiency caused by abnormalities in the aortic valve leaflets. (medscape.com)
• Aortic valve insufficiency can be due to, or associated with, congenital heart disease. (medscape.com)
• Causes of acquired aortic valve insufficiency include endocarditis, trauma, systemic diseases, and connective tissue syndromes. (medscape.com)
• Recently, the percentage of individuals with aortic valve insufficiency caused by aortic root disease has been steadily increasing compared with the percentage of those with valvular disease. (medscape.com)
• In fact, more than half of patients who present with pure aortic regurgitation (AR) without any associated cardiac anomalies have aortic valve insufficiency caused by aortic root disease. (medscape.com)
• 2005 Cardiology LABS: echocardiogram revealed mild mitral valve & aortic valve insufficiency. (medalerts.org)
• States patient had PMH of heart murmur which was evaluated by ped cardiologist who found mild aortic & mitral valve insufficiency & regurgitation. (medalerts.org)
• FINAL Cardiology DX: Aortic & mitral valve insufficiency of unknown etiology. (medalerts.org)
• Diseases of the aortic valve are functionally classified into those that cause the valve to leak, known as aortic regurgitation or insufficiency, and those that narrow its opening, known as aortic stenosis. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
• What is aortic regurgitation or insufficiency? (hopkinsmedicine.org)
• Aortic regurgitation or insufficiency is a condition whereby the aortic valve permits blood ejected from the left ventricle to leak back into the left ventricle. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
• The severity of aortic insufficiency can sometimes be reduced with medications, but aortic stenosis has no effective medical therapy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Replacement48

• Replacement aortic heart leaflets and method of making the same. (freepatentsonline.com)
• The replacement aortic heart leaflets of the present invention include first and second segments. (freepatentsonline.com)
• In another aspect of the invention, a standard set of replacement aortic leaflets is described. (freepatentsonline.com)
• Methods are provided to provide replacement aortic leaflets based on traced outlines obtained from a surgically opened aortic ring. (freepatentsonline.com)
• The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HALT and RLM by cardiac computed tomography in patients who underwent surgical aortic valve replacement and received a Perceval sutureless aortic valve bioprosthesis. (ahajournals.org)
• Methods and Results This was a single‐center prospective observational study that included 47 patients (83.5% of the total number of implantations) who underwent surgical aortic valve replacement with implantation of the Perceval sutureless bioprosthesis (LivaNova PLC, London, UK) at Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden from 2012 to 2016 and were studied by cardiac computed tomography. (ahajournals.org)
• Objective This study sought to determine the frequency, predictors and hemodynamic and clinical correlates of HALT and RLM after aortic bioprosthetic replacement. (onlinejacc.org)
• Uncertainty about the incidence and clinical significance of the findings is the basis of 2 US Food and Drug Administration-approved studies comparing transcatheter and surgical aortic valve replacement with a subset undergoing surveillance 4-dimensional computerized tomographic imaging. (elsevier.com)
• The available options for replacement of diseased valves are currently limited to mechanical and bioprosthetic valves, while the tissue engineered ones that are under study are currently far from clinical approval. (springer.com)
• Optimal elastomeric scaffold leaflet shape for pulmonary heart valve leaflet replacement. (springer.com)
• Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is well-established for the treatment of bioprosthetic aortic valve stenosis (AS) in high surgical risk patients. (elsevier.com)
• Nelson, BC , Chadderdon, S , Song, H & Zahr, F 2018, ' Bioprosthetic aortic valve leaflet disruption with high energy electrocautery to prevent coronary artery obstruction during valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement ', Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions . (elsevier.com)
• Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is now a well-established alternative for treating severe aortic valve stenosis. (centerwatch.com)
• BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become an established therapeutic option for patients with symptomatic, severe aortic valve stenosis, who are ineligible or at high risk for conventional surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). (centerwatch.com)
• This is a retrospective study with 1,735 patients who received tricuspid valve repair and 806 patients who underwent replacement. (ctsnet.org)
• In the case of aortic valve involvement, excision of the tumor is often valve-sparing, meaning that replacement of the valve with a prosthetic valve is not necessary. (wikipedia.org)
• The subject invention relates to a valve replacement system together with methods of preparation and use, are provided for endovascular replacement of a heart valve in a host. (google.co.uk)
• The valve replacement system includes up to five components: (1) a prosthetic valve device, (2) a valve introducer device, (3). (google.co.uk)
• The system provides for endovascular removal of a malfunctioning valve and subsequent replacement with a permanent prosthetic heart valve. (google.co.uk)
• Objectives This study sought to clarify the incidence and predictors of hypoattenuated leaflet thickening (HALT) and mid-term outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. (onlinejacc.org)
• Results Of 70 patients, MDCT scans revealed HALT in 1 patient (1.4%) at discharge, 7 (10.0%) at 6 months, and 10 (14.3%) at 1 year post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement cumulatively. (onlinejacc.org)
• Gene polymorphisms in dual antiplatelet therapy and the presence of hypo-attenuated leaflet thickening after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. (cdc.gov)
• The imaging finding of hypo-attenuated leaflet thickening (HALT) on bioprosthesis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been reported. (cdc.gov)
• This is called valve replacement surgery. (medlineplus.gov)
• Transcatheter aortic valve implantation versus surgical aortic valve replacement in low-risk patients: a propensity score-matched analysis. (nih.gov)
• If you have aortic valve disease and need a transplant, console yourself in knowing that, after the procedure, you'll likely be living a long, happy life as you motor on down the road with a top-notch replacement valve in your tuned-up engine. (howstuffworks.com)
• The Carpentier-Edwards PERIMOUNT Magna Ease pericardial aortic bioprosthesis is intended for use in patients whose aortic valvular disease is sufficiently advanced to warrant replacement of their natural valve with a prosthetic one. (edwards.com)
• It is also intended for use in patients with a previously implanted aortic valve prosthesis that is no longer functioning adequately and requires replacement. (edwards.com)
• Traditionally management of aortic regurgitation has been by aortic valve replacement, however, as has been observed in patients who have had mitral valve repair, the option of maintaining ones native aortic valve versus a replacement, either bioprosthetic or mechanical, can have added multiple benefits. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• Use of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for severe aortic stenosis (AS) has grown rapidly over the last decade and the technology has correspondingly matured. (bmj.com)
• Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is superior to medical therapy in inoperable patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS), and may be the preferred option in high-risk surgical patients. (bmj.com)
• The comparative efficacy of TAVR and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in intermediate risk AS patients has been less well studied. (bmj.com)
• Van Belle and colleagues hypothesized that transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) would correct this process, but that significant residual paravalvular leak (PVL) following TAVR would abrogate this corrective effect. (bmj.com)
• The advent of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has afforded an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for high-risk or non-operative candidates for aortic valve surgery. (bmj.com)
• Investigation of Computed-Tomography Based Predictors of Acute Stroke Related to Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Aortic Wall Plaque Thickness Might be a Predictive Parameter of Stroke. (medindia.net)
• Comedian Robin Williams, 57, needs aortic valve replacement surgery. (emaxhealth.com)
• There are two types of replacement valves for the aortic valve - mechanical or biological. (emaxhealth.com)
• After successful aortic valve replacement, patients can expect to return to their preoperative condition or better. (emaxhealth.com)
• MATERIAL In the period from May 2014 to November 2015, a random subset of patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) were offered intensified post-procedural clinical and imaging follow-up. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• 4 Its management includes surgical valve replacement, thrombectomy, or thrombolytic therapy, as the most recently developed treatment option. (dovepress.com)
• For both conditions, the most definitive treatment involves surgical replacement of the valve with a prosthetic valve. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
• Experimental and clinical research has shown that repair of the mitral valve is preferable to its replacement largely because native mitral valve is an intimately associated with the structure of the left ventricle. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
• In cases when repair of the mitral valve cannot be performed successfully, Mitral valve replacement is another option. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
• Mitral valve replacement involves removing much of the native mitral valve tissues and replacing it with an artificial valve consisting of animal and/or manufactured components. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
• Get a mechanical replacement valve. (healthlinkbc.ca)
• Get a tissue replacement valve. (healthlinkbc.ca)
• You and your doctor will consider your age, your other health problems, and how you feel about needing another valve replacement in the future or about taking warfarin. (healthlinkbc.ca)
• Current techniques and strategies for correction of cardiac anomalies of the RVOT include surgical repair and/or replacement of the pulmonary valve. (medtronic.com)

Reduced leaflet motion6

• Background The prevalence of hypo‐attenuated leaflet thickening ( HALT ) and reduced leaflet motion ( RLM ) is unknown in surgically implanted bioprostheses because systematic investigation of HALT and/or RLM is limited to a few catheter‐based valves. (ahajournals.org)
• Hypo‐attenuated leaflet motion and reduced leaflet motion were prevalent in the surgically implanted Perceval sutureless aortic valve bioprosthesis. (ahajournals.org)
• Both hypo‐attenuated leaflet thickening and reduced leaflet motion were found in patients with ongoing anticoagulation treatment. (ahajournals.org)
• Whether hypo‐attenuated leaflet thickening and reduced leaflet motion in the Perceval sutureless aortic valve bioprosthesis are associated with adverse events is currently unknown and warrants further investigation. (ahajournals.org)
• It was recently reported that leaflet thickening and reduced leaflet motion, verified by four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT), was not uncommon after both TAVR and SAVR. (centerwatch.com)
• Conclusions HALT with reduced leaflet motion was not rare but usually subclinical. (onlinejacc.org)

Human aortic valve3

• In-vivo heterogeneous functional and residual strains in human aortic valve leaflets. (upenn.edu)
• Approach and Results- Levels of ADAMTS5, matrilin 2, and α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin) were evaluated in calcified and normal human aortic valve tissues and VICs. (ahajournals.org)
• We hypothesize that inflammation and mechanical stress stimulate osteogenic differentiation of human aortic valve interstitial cells (VICs) and this may depend on the side of the leaflet. (frontiersin.org)

Cardiac8

• A cardiac valve repair device has a membrane assembly and a frame. (freepatentsonline.com)
• The cardiac valve repair device also includes a pair of upper expansion clip beams. (freepatentsonline.com)
• Cardiac magnetic resonance image annotated to illustrate the 9 levels at which the aortic diameter was measured. (biomedcentral.com)
• A, Gradient echo cardiac MR image as viewed from the frontal projection demonstrating flow acceleration at a site of supravalvar aortic stenosis (white arrow) in a patient with Williams syndrome. (ahajournals.org)
• The recent development of cardiac 4D computed tomography imaging (4DCT) shows great promise for the evaluation of valve leaflet mobility and morphology. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• Hemodynamic abnormalities induced by the malformations of the valves in BAV patients for a long time will cause BAV-associated aortopathy: including progress aortic dilation, aneurysm, dissection and rupture, cardiac cyst and even sudden death. (frontiersin.org)
• She had a history of holosystolic cardiac murmur due to mitral valve prolapse, diagnosed 20 years ago. (escardio.org)
• Our findings provide a conceptual framework with the potential to offer novel insights into human cardiac valve development and disease. (biologists.org)

Morphology5

• However, it is the increase and variance in WSS and flow displacement in BAV that demonstrate the importance of aortic leaflet morphology. (wikipedia.org)
• Echocardiographic imaging was used to assess morphology and function of the aortic valve and left ventricle. (ahajournals.org)
• In those patients with an abnormal leaflet morphology and/or motion, a treatment with rivaroxaban 20mg daily will be initiated. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• Those patients initiated on rivaroxaban after the second follow-up will be called in for a third clinical and imaging follow-up, with focus on leaflet morphology and/or motion after rivaroxaban therapy. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• In case of persistent abnormal leaflet morphology and/or motion despite NOAC, a treatment with Marevan (INR 2-3) will be initiated. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Implantation3

• Background It is unclear whether the apparent ineffectiveness of clopidogrel in preventing hypo-attenuated leaflet thickening (HALT) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) questions the concept of P2Y 12 inhibition after TAVI or is a consequence of an inadequate response to clopidogrel in elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis. (onlinejacc.org)
• The current work aims to study the effects of the design features on mechanical characteristics of this valve scaffold to attain proper function prior to in vivo implantation. (springer.com)
• Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has had a major impact on both morbidity and mortality in high-risk and inoperable patients with severe aortic stenosis. (bmj.com)

Bioprosthetic1

• The advantage of repair is the avoidance of prosthetic valve-related complications with bioprosthetic valves over 10-15 years or the need for anticoagulation with mechanical valves and the related problems of this therapy. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Bioprosthesis4

• Conclusions HALT and RLM were prevalent in the surgically implanted Perceval sutureless aortic valve bioprosthesis. (ahajournals.org)
• The Carpentier-Edwards aortic pericardial valve portfolio is built upon the PERIMOUNT bioprosthesis design. (edwards.com)
• Carpentier-Edwards PERIMOUNT pericardial aortic bioprosthesis. (edwards.com)
• Pressure fixation of valves can compromise the function and durability of the bioprosthesis. (medtronic.com)

Abnormal6

• Aortic valve thickening, although abnormal, is a benign condition. (medhelp.org)
• During exercise patients with important degrees of aortic stenosis may show abnormal blood pressure responses or electrocardiogram changes. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
• Aortic valve Stenosis is an abnormal narrowing of the aortic valve. (medindia.net)
• Aortic valve disease may be congenital (abnormal from birth) or acquired (comes with aging as with Bush and Williams). (emaxhealth.com)
• An abnormal aortic valve develops during the early weeks of pregnancy, when the baby's heart develops. (medlineplus.gov)
• MVP also causes the tissues of the valve to become abnormal and stretchy, causing the valve to leak. (medicinenet.com)

Severe14

• Patients with symptomatic, severe aortic valve stenosis conventionally have it surgically replaced requiring direct access to the heart through the chest. (centerwatch.com)
• In experimental animals, severe hyperlipidemia causes lipid deposition and structural alterations in aortic valves. (ahajournals.org)
• For the treatment of severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis, minimally invasive heart valve prostheses are increasingly used, especially for elderly patients. (degruyter.com)
• If this occurs it is almost always in a newborn infant with very severe valve obstruction. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
• Symptoms occur only with severe aortic stenosis. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
• In an older child, severe aortic stenosis rarely causes heart failure. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
• Severe aortic stenosis is a rare, but well-documented, cause of sudden death during strenuous sports activities. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
• With severe aortic stenosis, the electrocardiogram can show enlargement of the left ventricle and may even show evidence of left ventricular strain. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
• An emergent transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) was notable for the absence of the previously visualized mass on the aortic valve, severe right ventricular dilatation and dysfunction, and preserved left ventricular function. (massgeneral.org)
• Severe, excentric, anterior directed mitral valve regurgitation caused by the prolapse of the posterior leaflet (medial part of P2). (escardio.org)
• Apical four-chamber view : Severe, eccentric, anteriorly directed mitral valve regurgitation caused by posterior mitral leaflet prolapse. (escardio.org)
• Many patients with MVP have slowly progressive disease leading to severe MR. A more acute course could be seen due to spontaneous chordal rupture resulting in a partial flail leaflet segment. (escardio.org)
• A child with severe aortic stenosis will be quite ill, with major symptoms noted early in life. (choc.org)
• Tricuspid valve (TV) disease has been relatively neglected, despite the known association between severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and mortality. (onlinejacc.org)

Mitral and tricuspid valves6

• Valve repair is best for the mitral and tricuspid valves. (medlineplus.gov)
• This pushes open the mitral and tricuspid valves. (rochester.edu)
• This closes the mitral and tricuspid valves preventing back blood flow. (rochester.edu)
• The mitral and tricuspid valves then open to allow forward blood flow within the heart to fill the ventricles again. (rochester.edu)
• Blood flows from your right and left atria into your ventricles through the open mitral and tricuspid valves. (medicinenet.com)
• When the ventricles are full, the mitral and tricuspid valves shut. (medicinenet.com)

Prostheses3

• A 1975 study of patients who had received this prostheses determined that the Hufnagel trileaflet valve was not durable enough to withstand constant blood flow. (si.edu)
• FEA represented a useful tool for design of improved polymeric leaflet structures for minimally invasive implantable heart valve prostheses. (degruyter.com)
• Phonocardiographic Diagnosis of Ball Variance in Aortic Valve Prostheses. (annals.org)

Regurgitation and stenosis3

• Other problems included aortic regurgitation and stenosis. (si.edu)
• In comparison to other fusion patterns, RN leaflet fusion has a stronger association with future complications such as aortic valve regurgitation and stenosis. (wikipedia.org)
• Heart valves can develop both regurgitation and stenosis at the same time. (rochester.edu)

Prosthesis7

• Freedom from valve reoperation for prosthesis dysfunction and all other causes. (edwards.com)
• A portion of the valve prosthesis is placed in the groove. (google.com)
• The valve prosthesis portion in the groove is then secured to the ring. (google.com)
• wherein said ring defines a groove for receiving at least one portion of the valve prosthesis. (google.com)
• Physiological pressurization in FEA was specified, based on in vitro hydrodynamic testing of a commercially available heart valve prosthesis. (degruyter.com)
• Obtained leaflet dynamics were comparable to in vitro performance of the analyzed prosthesis. (degruyter.com)
• In echocardiography, it can demonstrate higher echogenicity on the prosthesis, lower movement of the disk, and high prosthetic valve gradient. (dovepress.com)

Semilunar valve4

• On the left, this semilunar valve is called your aortic valve , and on the right, the pulmonary valve . (howstuffworks.com)
• While it is not the endocardium, "D" represents the aortic semilunar valve. (proprofs.com)
• The aortic semilunar valve also sends blood to the body itself and the heart muscle. (proprofs.com)
• Semilunar valve leaflets have a well-described trilaminar histoarchitecture, with a sophisticated elastic fiber network. (biologists.org)

Dilation4

• BAV helical and high velocity outflow patterns are consistent with aortic dilation hemodynamics seen in those with tricuspid aortic valves. (wikipedia.org)
• Our findings support the role of hemodynamics in the aortic dilation seen in the presence of BAV, and illustrate the morphological heterogeneity that exists among BAV phenotypes. (biomedcentral.com)
• This is an emergency situation that requires immediate treatment, either balloon dilation of the valve or surgery. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
• A combination of histological examination and in vivo ultrasound imaging was used to investigate aortic dilation and dissections in Nos3 −/− mice. (biologists.org)

Tricuspid and pulmonary valves1

• The heart has four valves - the aortic, mitral, tricuspid and pulmonary valves. (harvard.edu)

Surgically2

• This investigation is a prospective, non-randomized, multi-center trial to evaluate the extended safety and performance of the HAART model 300 annuloplasty ring when used to surgically repair the aortic valve using a 3-D intra-annular mounting frame. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• We studied 134 mitral and aortic valves removed surgically for either stenosis or regurgitation or from double valve replacements. (bmj.com)

Mild aortic2

• A child with mild aortic stenosis may have few symptoms, or perhaps none until later in adulthood. (choc.org)
• Mild aortic stenosis may not cause any symptoms. (choc.org)

Minimally4

• A minimally invasive approach may be possible if the tumor involves the aortic valve or right atrium. (wikipedia.org)
• Minimally invasive valve surgery is done through much smaller cuts than open surgery, or through a catheter inserted through the skin. (medlineplus.gov)
• Minimally invasive mitral valve repair for functional mitral regurgitation. (nih.gov)
• Current treatment guidelines say patients who undergo minimally invasive aortic heart valve replacements should receive two antiplatelet drugs to reduce the risk of dangerous blood clots. (medicalxpress.com)

Congenital aortic valve disease1

• An aortic valve that started off too narrow from birth also can lead to stenosis (called congenital aortic valve disease ). (howstuffworks.com)

Stenosis occurs3

• Congenital aortic stenosis occurs three times more often in boys than in girls. (choc.org)
• Congenital aortic stenosis occurs due to improper development of the aortic valve in the first 8 weeks of fetal growth. (choc.org)
• Congenital aortic stenosis occurs in 4 to 6 percent of all children with congenital heart disease . (stlouischildrens.org)

Abnormalities1

• These include abnormalities of the aortic valve leaflets and pathologies of the proximal aortic root. (medscape.com)

Ventricular3

• However, most Cxcr7 −/− mice died at birth with ventricular septal defects and semilunar heart valve malformation. (pnas.org)
• When the ventricular muscles relax, the valve closes to prevent blood from backing up into the ventricular chamber. (innerbody.com)
• Interstitial cells isolated from healthy and calcified human aortic valves were cultured on collagen or elastin coated plates with flexible bottoms, simulating the matrix on the aortic and ventricular side of the valve leaflets, respectively. (frontiersin.org)

Porcine4

• Briefly, a three point bending device (Figure 1, B) was used to characterize the flexural rigidity of porcine AV leaflets using Euler Bernoulli Beam theory. (comsol.com)
• The valve model was constructed from a fresh porcine aortic valve, which was trimmed and sutured onto a plastic stented ring, and inserted into an idealized three-lobed sinus acrylic chamber. (biomedsearch.com)
• We imaged and quantified the macroscopically visible pattern of collagen fibers in seven porcine aortic valves with particular attention to measuring this pattern in the unstrained leaflet. (springer.com)
• Simulation results were validated by comparison with images of a porcine aortic valve under load. (springer.com)

Symptoms of Aortic Stenosis3

• What are the symptoms of aortic stenosis? (choc.org)
• The following are the most common symptoms of aortic stenosis. (choc.org)
• The symptoms of aortic stenosis may resemble other medical conditions or heart problems. (choc.org)

Diagnosis of aortic stenosis1

• The diagnosis of aortic stenosis is usually first suspected because a physician detects a heart murmur or click. (cincinnatichildrens.org)

Patients with aortic stenosis3

• 1 Studies in explanted valves from patients with aortic stenosis reveal histopathological parallels with atherosclerosis: lipid deposition, inflammation, cellular reaction, and matrix remodeling. (ahajournals.org)
• 4 Hyperlipidemia, in particular, has drawn the interest of clinicians and is a putative therapeutic target in patients with aortic stenosis. (ahajournals.org)
• Value of Transvalvular Flow Rate during Exercise in Asymptomatic Patients with Aortic Stenosis. (medindia.net)