Antlers
The horn of an animal of the deer family, typically present only in the male. It differs from the HORNS of other animals in being a solid, generally branched bony outgrowth that is shed and renewed annually. The word antler comes from the Latin anteocularis, ante (before) + oculus (eye). (From Webster, 3d ed)
Deer
The family Cervidae of 17 genera and 45 species occurring nearly throughout North America, South America, and Eurasia, on most associated continental islands, and in northern Africa. Wild populations of deer have been established through introduction by people in Cuba, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and other places where the family does not naturally occur. They are slim, long-legged and best characterized by the presence of antlers. Their habitat is forests, swamps, brush country, deserts, and arctic tundra. They are usually good swimmers; some migrate seasonally. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1362)
Horns
Reindeer
A genus of deer, Rangifer, that inhabits the northern parts of Europe, Asia, and America. Caribou is the North American name; reindeer, the European. They are often domesticated and used, especially in Lapland, for drawing sleds and as a source of food. Rangifer is the only genus of the deer family in which both sexes are antlered. Most caribou inhabit arctic tundra and surrounding arboreal coniferous forests and most have seasonal shifts in migration. They are hunted extensively for their meat, skin, antlers, and other parts. (From Webster, 3d ed; Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1397)
Clopenthixol
Periosteum
Hard fallow deer antler: a living bone till antler casting? (1/92)
Deer antlers are the only mammalian bone structures which regenerate completely every year. Once developed, antlers are cleaned of the velvet-like skin. Presently it is believed that due to velvet shedding the blood supply is interrupted in the solidifying antler bone. Histological examinations were made on different parts of fallow deer antlers investigated from the time of velvet shedding till the antler casting. The present study on hard (polished) antlers revealed living bone with regions presenting living osteocytes, active osteoblasts, osteoid seams and even early stages of trabecular microcallus formation, thus indicating to a continuous bone remodeling. A well developed vascular system was found despite the presence of hard antler bone. The pedicle bone exhibits a rich supply of capillaries and vessels connected to the spongy core of the main branch and the compact bone as well. There is evidence that hard fallow deer antlers possess a functioning vascular system that "keeps the antler moist" resulting in a high impact resistance when fights are most frequent. As late as 3 weeks prior to antler casting a large number of living cells were discovered within the antler core. As we have no doubt that parts of the polished fallow deer antler represent a living bone, we have concluded that a sufficient blood supply of the antler core is maintained almost till the time of antler casting by vessels passing through the antler base. (+info)Role of oestradiol in the regulation of the seasonal antler cycle in female reindeer, Rangifer tarandus. (2/92)
Reindeer (or caribou), Rangifer tarandus, is the only extant species of deer in which females as well as males normally develop antlers that are cast and regrown each year. This study investigated the role of ovarian oestradiol in the regulation of the seasonal antler cycle in female reindeer. Ovariectomized Norwegian reindeer living outdoors in northern Norway (69 degrees N) were treated with continuous-release subcutaneous Silastic implants containing oestradiol, which maintained the blood concentrations of oestradiol within the physiological range for the mating season from June to October-November. The treatment with oestradiol induced the synchronized maturation of the antlers and rapid cleaning of the velvet-like skin in August-September in the ovariectomized reindeer, a pattern very similar to that observed in ovary-intact controls living under the same conditions. The removal of the steroid implant in October-November caused the premature casting of the antlers in early winter in two of five animals, while the remainder cast at the normal time in spring; this response was seen whether the animals had received one or two oestradiol implants in autumn. The antlers developed by the ovariectomized, oestradiol-treated females were significantly heavier and carried more branches than the ovariectomized animals without oestradiol replacement, and were marginally heavier than the antlers of intact controls. These results support the view that oestradiol is the biologically active steroid secreted by the ovary in intact female reindeers that induces the normal development of the antlers. Oestradiol stimulates the growth and mineralization of the antler bone, the cleaning of the velvet, and suppresses the casting of the hard antlers. This endocrine control ensures that the hard antlers, which function as weapons, are retained throughout the autumn and winter when the females are normally pregnant and when competition between females over food in the snow is most intense; hence there is a reproductive advantage to explain the evolution of antlers in females. (+info)Velvet antler polypeptides promoted proliferation of chondrocytes and osteoblast precursors and fracture healing. (3/92)
AIM: To study the effects of velvet antler (VA) total polypeptides (VATP) and VA polypeptides, VAP-A, VAP-B, and VAP-C on proliferation of chondrocytes and osteoblast precusors. METHODS: Chondrocytes (rabbit and human fetus) and osteoblast precusors (chick embryo) were incubated in the culture medium containing VATP or VAP-A, VAP-B, and VAP-C. [3H]TdR incorporation into DNA was measured. Fracture healing-promoting action of VATP was determined in rats. RESULTS: VATP 50-200 mg.L-1 and VAP-B 12.5, 25, and 50 mg.L-1 showed most marked proliferation-promoting activity for rabbit costed chondrocytes and increased incorporation of [3H]TdR from (73 +/- 9) Bq (control group) to (272 +/- 55), (327 +/- 38), and (415 +/- 32) Bq, respectively (P < 0.01). The activity of VAP-A was weaker than that of VAP-B, and VAP-C had no activity. VATP 10 and 20 mg.kg-1 by local injection into the cross-section fracture area accelerated healing of radial fracture. The healing rate of VATP-treated group was higher (75%) than that of control group (25%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: VATP accelerated fracture healing by stimulating proliferation of chondrocytes and osteoblast precursors. (+info)Bone turnover associated with antler growth in red deer (Cervus elaphus). (4/92)
Although it is known that skeletal bone depletion occurs during antler growth in deer, it is not clear whether repletion of the skeleton takes place before or after completion of antler development. This study attempted to correlate repeated scanning electron microscopic measures of ilium and rib bone porosity from six approximately 2-monthly biopsy samples (using back-scattered imaging) and biochemical markers of bone turnover (serum hydroxyproline and osteocalcin concentrations) taken for 11 months with antler growth in six red deer stags. No changes were detected in ilium samples but changes in porosity of rib bones and an elevation of the biochemical markers indicated that skeletal depletion occurred during the antler growth period. However, the decrease in rib bone porosity and decline in markers of bone turnover took place before completion of antler growth, indicating that a considerable amount of skeletal repletion could have occurred whilst antlers were also undergoing bone accretion. This latter finding extends the current view of antler growth being accompanied by a form of reversible osteoporosis in the skeleton by showing that there is a period when the antlers and skeleton are both undergoing net bone formation. (+info)Cyproterone acetate reduced antler growth in surgically castrated fallow deer. (5/92)
We studied the role of androgens in antler growth. In particular, we investigated whether the onset of antler regrowth is triggered by a short-term pulse of testosterone and if low levels of androgens are required for antler growth. The study was conducted on 12 surgically castrated fallow deer bucks (Dama dama) aged approximately 27 months. Six animals (CA group) were given the antiandrogen, cyproterone acetate (CA, 1000 mg/treatment); the others were given vehicle solution only (control). Before each CA treatment, blood was sampled and analysed for testosterone, androstenedione, IGF-1, cortisol, FSH, and LH. CA treatment and blood sampling were performed 2 days before castration, on the day of castration and afterwards at 2-day intervals until day 22. Subsequently, CA treatment and blood sampling continued at weekly intervals until day 270. All animals cast their antlers, followed by antler regrowth in all control bucks, but in only four of the six CA-treated castrates. Plasma testosterone concentrations were low in all animals (between 0.01 and 0.20 ng/ml), but were significantly (P<0001) greater in the controls. In both groups, a temporary increase in testosterone values was recorded around the time of antler regrowth, the peak being significantly (P<0.01) higher in the controls. Androstenedione showed a similar pattern as testosterone. Plasma IGF-1 concentrations increased sharply during the antler growth spurt and did not differ significantly between the two groups throughout the study period. Cortisol concentrations were greater in controls than in the CA group. However, no link with the antler cycle was apparent. FSH and LH concentrations were higher in the controls for most of the study. Antlers produced by the control bucks were significantly larger than those in the CA group (P<0.03). For antler length, testosterone, androstenedione and IGF-1, areas under the curve (AUC) were calculated over the period of antler growth. For the pooled deer (n=12) significant correlations existed between AUCs of antler length and testosterone, but not for antler length and IGF-1. Also, a trend for a positive correlation between AUCs of antler length and androstenedione was noted. It is concluded that a plasma androgen concentration at least above a minimal threshold level is a necessary prerequisite for normal antler regrowth in fallow deer, and that this androgen effect is not mediated via circulating IGF-1. The biological role of low levels of androgens may be to sensitize antler cells to the stimulating effect of IGF. (+info)Structure and mineralisation density of antler and pedicle bone in red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) exposed to different levels of environmental fluoride: a quantitative backscattered electron imaging study. (6/92)
The structure and relative degree of mineralisation of antler and pedicle bone of yearling red deer stags exposed either to low or high levels of environmental fluoride were determined by digital quantitative backscattered electron (BSE) imaging. Bone fluoride content (BFC) in antlers (845 +/- 86 mg F-/kg ash, arithmetic mean +/- S.E.M.) and pedicles (1448 +/- 154 mg F-/kg ash) of deer from a highly fluoride polluted area in North Bohemia (Czech Republic) were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than those of controls from uncontaminated regions in West Germany (antlers: 206 +/- 41, pedicles: 322 +/- 52 mg F-/kg ash). Mean (56.5 +/- 4.5%) and maximum (84.9 +/- 2.1%) mineralised bone area of the control antlers significantly (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively) exceeded the corresponding values for the N. Bohemian deer (43.3 +/- 1.3 and 73.3 +/- 1.9%, respectively), while the pedicles from the 2 groups did not differ significantly. In the pooled antler samples (n = 18), negative correlations existed between BFC and mean (r(s) = -0.62, P < 0.01) as well as maximum (r(s) = -0.69, P < 0.01) mineralised bone area. Morphological imaging revealed a decreased width and an increased porosity of the antler cortex in the N. Bohemian specimens. Mean (148.5 +/- 1.7) and maximum (154.2 +/- 1.7) BSE-signal intensities (= grey levels; range between a monobrominated (grey level 0) and a monoiodinated (grey level 255) dimethacrylate resin standard) of the antlers from the controls were significantly higher than those of the N. Bohemian deer (140.7 +/- 2.1 and 145.7 +/- 2.2, respectively; P < 0.05 for both comparisons). In the pooled antler samples, negative correlations between BFC and mean (r(s) = -0.51, P < 0.05) as well as maximum (r(s) = -0.52, P < 0.05) BSE-signal intensities were observed. No significant differences in mineralisation density parameters were found for the 2 pedicle samples, and BFC and mineralisation density of the pooled pedicles were uncorrelated. Morphological imaging revealed bone mottling (denoting increased remodelling activity) and frequent occurrence of apparently increased osteocyte lacunae in some of the pedicles from the N. Bohemian deer. It is concluded that the reduced amount of mineralised bone in, and the lower mineralisation density of, the N. Bohemian antlers resulted from a fluoride induced disturbance of bone mineralisation. The rapid growth of antlers leads both to a high mineral demand and a high rate of fluoride uptake during antlerogenesis. This, and the limited lifespan of antlers, which does not allow for a compensation of a delay in the onset or progression of the mineralisation process, renders antler bone particularly susceptible to fluoride. Antlers are therefore considered a useful model for studying fluoride effects on bone formation. Furthermore, analysis of cast antlers enables a noninvasive monitoring of environmental pollution by fluorides. (+info)Histological studies of pedicle skin formation and its transformation to antler velvet in red deer (Cervus elaphus). (7/92)
Deer antlers and their antecedent pedicles are made up of two components, interior osseocartilage and exterior integument. In a previous study, we described that histogenesis of the interior osseocartilage proceeds through four ossification stages. These are intramembranous (IMO), transition (OPC), pedicle endochondral (pECO), and antler endochondral (aECO). In the present study, we used histological techniques to examine pedicle skin formation and its transformation to antler velvet. The results showed that pedicle skin initiated from the apex of a frontal lateral crest and was formed through three distinctive stages. These stages are 1) compression of the subcutaneous loose connective tissue at the OPC stage, 2) stretching of the undulated epidermis at the early pECO stage, and 3) neogenesis of the skin and its associated appendages at the mid pECO stage. Transformation into antler velvet, which occurs at the late pECO stage, is mainly associated with alteration in the skin appendages. This alteration includes the loss of arrector pili muscle and sweat glands, and the gain of the large bi- or multi-lobed sebaceous glands. These results suggest that pedicle skin expansion occurs to release the mechanical tension created by underlying forming antlerogenic tissue, initially in response to it by mechanical stretch, and then by neogenesis of skin. In turn, the stretched pedicle skin may exert mechanical pressure on the underlying antlerogenic tissue causing it to change in ossification type. Antler velvet generation may be accomplished by both mechanical stimulation and chemical induction from the underlying pECO stage antlerogenic tissue. If this hypothesis is correct it is likely that mechanical stimulation would drive skin formation and chemical induction then determine skin type. Furthermore, asynchronous transformation of the interior and exterior components during pedicle formation and antler generation may result from the delayed chemical induction and the way antler velvet initially generates. The results from both mitotic cell labelling of the basal layer and ultrastructure of the basement membrane of the apical skin in the study support these hypotheses. (+info)Cells in regenerating deer antler cartilage provide a microenvironment that supports osteoclast differentiation. (8/92)
Deer antlers are a rare example of mammalian epimorphic regeneration. Each year, the antlers re-grow by a modified endochondral ossification process that involves extensive remodelling of cartilage by osteoclasts. This study identified regenerating antler cartilage as a site of osteoclastogenesis in vivo. An in vitro model was then developed to study antler osteoclast differentiation. Cultured as a high-density micromass, cells from non-mineralised cartilage supported the differentiation of large numbers of osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (MNCs) in the absence of factors normally required for osteoclastogenesis. After 48 h of culture, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive mononuclear cells (osteoclast precursors) were visible, and by day 14 a large number of TRAP-positive MNCs had formed (783+/-200 per well, mean +/- s.e.m., N=4). Reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that receptor activator of NF &kgr; B ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) mRNAs were expressed in micromass cultures. Antler MNCs have the phenotype of osteoclasts from mammalian bone; they expressed TRAP, vitronectin and calcitonin receptors and, when cultured on dentine, formed F-actin rings and large resorption pits. When cultured on glass, antler MNCs appeared to digest the matrix of the micromass and endocytose type I collagen. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) may play a role in the resorption of this non-mineralised matrix since it is highly expressed in 100 % of MNCs. In contrast, cathepsin K, another enzyme expressed in osteoclasts from bone, is only highly expressed in resorbing MNCs cultured on dentine. This study identifies the deer antler as a valuable model that can be used to study the differentiation and function of osteoclasts in adult regenerating mineralised tissues. (+info)Antlers are annually growing and shed, branched, bony structures that arise from the frontal bones of members of the Cervidae family, used primarily for defense, dominance display, and mating rituals. (Note: This definition is specific to antlers in a medical context; the term "antlers" can also refer to similar structures in other animals like deer, elk, moose, and caribou in a broader biological context.)
Antlers are defined in medical terminology as the continuously growing, branched bony appendages that arise from the skull of members of the Cervidae family, which includes deer, elk, and moose. Antler growth and development are unique to this group of animals and are under the control of hormones and genetics. They serve as a means of defense, dominance display, and sexual selection.
During the growth phase, antlers are covered with highly vascular skin called "velvet," which provides nutrients for the rapid growth of bone. Once growth is complete, typically in late summer, the velvet is shed, revealing the hard, bony antler structure. The antlers are then used by males during the mating season as a tool to compete for females and establish dominance hierarchies.
In some species, only males grow antlers, while in others, both males and females develop them. After the mating season, the animals shed their antlers, which regenerate the following year. The study of antlers is known as palynology.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but the term "deer" is a common name for various species of ruminant artiodactyl mammals belonging to the Cervidae family, and it doesn't have a direct medical definition. However, in a medical context, certain conditions like Lyme disease can be associated with deer, as deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis) are known carriers of the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi that causes Lyme disease. But "deer" itself is not a medical term.
I apologize for any confusion, but "deer" is not a medical term. It is a common name used to refer to various species of hooved mammals belonging to the family Cervidae. If you have any questions about medical terminology or health-related topics, I would be happy to help answer them.
'Horns' is not a term used in medical terminology; however, in a general context, it may refer to abnormal bony growths arising from the skull, which can be caused by various conditions such as tumors, cysts, or genetic disorders.
I am not aware of a medical condition called "horns." The term "horns" is commonly used to refer to a hard, pointed projection on the head of certain animals, such as cattle or antelopes. In humans, abnormal growths that resemble horns are usually referred to as "cutaneous horns," which are benign or malignant skin tumors that protrude from the skin in a conical shape. They typically occur on sun-exposed areas of the body, such as the face and scalp. However, it's important to note that medical conditions can vary widely, and it's always best to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and treatment options.
A "Reindeer" does not have a specific medical definition, as it is not a medical term or condition; it is a species of deer (Rangifer tarandus) native to Arctic and Subarctic regions, including parts of Europe, Asia, and North America.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "reindeer" is not a medical term. It is a large species of deer that is native to the Arctic and Subarctic regions of Europe, Siberia, and Greenland. They are known for their impressive antlers and their ability to survive in harsh, cold climates. If you have any questions about medical terminology or health-related topics, I'd be happy to try to help!
Clopenthixol is a thioxanthene-derivative antipsychotic drug, used primarily for the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, which exhibits both dopamine D1 and D2 receptor blocking activities, as well as serotonin antagonism, thus exerting sedative, analgesic, and antiemetic effects.
Clopenthixol is a type of antipsychotic medication that is primarily used to manage and treat symptoms associated with various mental health disorders, such as schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. It belongs to a class of drugs known as "typical" or "first-generation" antipsychotics, which work by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain.
Clopenthixol has potent activity at both dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2 receptors, which contributes to its efficacy in treating positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucinations and delusions, as well as negative symptoms, like apathy and social withdrawal. It is also used off-label for the treatment of agitation and aggression in individuals with dementia or intellectual disabilities.
The medication is available in two forms: immediate-release tablets (Clopenthixol decanoate) and a long-acting injectable form (Clopenthixol decanoate). The long-acting injection is typically administered every 2-4 weeks, while the oral tablet is taken daily.
Like all medications, clopenthixol can have side effects, which may include extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), such as Parkinsonism, akathisia, and dystonia; weight gain; metabolic changes; sexual dysfunction; and cardiovascular issues. It is essential to monitor patients taking clopenthixol for these potential adverse effects and adjust the treatment plan accordingly.
It's important to note that clopenthixol should only be prescribed and administered under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional, and patients should follow their instructions carefully to ensure safe and effective use.
The periosteum is a highly vascularized and innervated connective tissue layer closely adhered to the outer surface of bones, responsible for providing nutrition, sensation, and the capacity for bone growth, remodeling, and repair.
The periosteum is a highly vascularized and innervated tissue that surrounds the outer surface of bones, except at the articular surfaces. It consists of two layers: an outer fibrous layer containing blood vessels, nerves, and fibroblasts; and an inner cellular layer called the cambium or osteogenic layer, which contains progenitor cells capable of bone formation and repair.
The periosteum plays a crucial role in bone growth, remodeling, and healing by providing a source of osteoprogenitor cells and blood supply. It also contributes to the sensation of pain in response to injury or inflammation of the bone. Additionally, the periosteum can respond to mechanical stress by activating bone formation, making it an essential component in orthopedic treatments such as distraction osteogenesis.
Electronarcosis is a state of reversible unconsciousness induced by the application of an electrical current to the body, specifically through the use of high voltage but low amperage electric shock, which temporarily disrupts normal brain function without causing significant harm or lasting injury.
Electronarcosis is a term that refers to the use of high-frequency electric currents to induce a state of unconsciousness or narcosis. It was an experimental medical procedure that was studied in the early 20th century as a possible method for surgical anesthesia. However, it is no longer in use today due to the development of safer and more effective anesthetic drugs.
During electronarcosis, electrodes were placed on the patient's skin, and a high-frequency alternating current was passed through the body. The current would cause a loss of consciousness by interfering with the electrical activity of the brain. However, this method of anesthesia had several drawbacks, including the risk of burns, muscle contractions, and other injuries caused by the electric current.
While electronarcosis is not used in modern medicine, high-frequency electrical stimulation is still used in some medical treatments, such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain relief and electromagnetic brain stimulation for the treatment of depression and other mental health disorders.
Cyproterone acetate is a synthetic steroidal anti-androgen used primarily in the treatment of prostate cancer and also for conditions such as hirsutism and sexual deviations, that works by blocking the action of male hormones called androgens in the body.
Cyproterone acetate is a synthetic steroid hormone with anti-androgen and progestogenic properties. It works by blocking the action of androgens (male sex hormones) in the body, which helps to reduce symptoms associated with excessive androgen production such as severe acne or hirsutism (excessive hair growth).
Cyproterone acetate is used in the treatment of conditions such as prostate cancer, where it can help to slow the growth of cancer cells by reducing the levels of androgens in the body. It is also used in the treatment of sexual deviations, such as pedophilia or exhibitionism, as it can reduce sexual desire.
In addition, cyproterone acetate is sometimes used in combination with estrogen in hormone replacement therapy for transgender women to suppress the production of testosterone and promote feminization.
It's important to note that cyproterone acetate can have significant side effects and its use should be under the close supervision of a healthcare professional.
Antlers, Colorado - Wikipedia
Antlers is an unincorporated community in Garfield County, in the U.S. state of Colorado. A post office called Antlers was in ... The community derives its name from the Antlers Hotel (Colorado). U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: ... Antlers, Colorado "Post offices". Jim Forte Postal History. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved June 22, ...
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Watch a Moose Shake Off Its Antlers in This Rare Footage
Moose shed their antlers each winter, but the event is seldom captured on video. ... Stumbling upon discarded antlers isnt uncommon in moose territory, but few people get to witness the moment they fall off. " ... It may even be a relief considering a full-grown mooses antlers can weigh up to 40 pounds. In the spring, a new pair starts to ... After picking up the animals on his drone camera, he focused on one male who still had his antlers. Shortly after zooming in, ...
Wanted: Deer Antlers Wanted
Schedule - Tivy Antlers (Kerrville, TX) Varsity Volleyball 22-23
Bull Elk Antlers Grow Quickly | Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation
Elk antlers can grow up to one inch per day and are the fastest growing antlers in the deer family (deer, elk, moose). ... Bull elk antlers start growing in early April and are typically fully grown by mid-August. As of today (6/5), the antler ... It does not take very long for bull elk to grow antlers. Below are the words of Jeremy Banfield, Pennsylvania Game Commission ...
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antler chandelier Archives - DigsDigs
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Chinese Scientists Are Growing Deer Antlers on Mice | Field & Stream
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Antlers book club
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GYK Antler On Stonyfield Controversy: Don't Look At Us 01/30/2018
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Utah wildlife officials say they won't renew controversial ban on antler gathering
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Day Hike - McNeeley, Antler & Dege Peaks - The Mountaineers
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Vail Guide - Antlers Vail
Velvet antlerMooseHorns2021Cooper'sSika20202017StagSkullGuillermo delNaturally shedGatherDeer familyPoundsAUCTIONLargeBonesGatheringChewSuperviseSprayGenerateRackMalesMiceQuietTissueGrowProductsDetailsFindBranchResultsMaleExtraordinarySmallSizeMakeProcessHalloweenProductMadeSelectObtainMessageFoundColoradoPieces
Velvet antler7
- FDA reviewed your product brochure and website at the Internet address tobinfarms.com in January 2017 and determined that you take orders on your website for the products Velvet Antler Capsules and Velvet Antler Powder. (fda.gov)
- The most prized part is velvet antler because it's essential to well being. (fda.gov)
- In addition, your brochure references publications that purport to provide information about the benefits of velvet antler. (fda.gov)
- 1985, 1988, claims that the polysaccharide content was responsible for the anti-ulcer effect of velvet antler preparations. (fda.gov)
- Deer Velvet Antler Extracts Exert Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Arthritic Effects on Human Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes and Distinct Mouse Arthritis. (medlineplus.gov)
- Efficacy of Chinese herbal prescriptions containing Ejiao or Velvet antler for management of uterine fibroids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. (medlineplus.gov)
- Zhang P, Guo Z, Ma L, Wang G, Zhao Y. Investigation of anti-fatigue effect and simultaneous determination of eight nucleosides in different parts of velvet antler in red deer and sika deer. (medlineplus.gov)
Moose8
- When you picture a moose, it's likely sporting antlers-but the oversized headgear is a trademark of the species, not a permanent feature. (mentalfloss.com)
- In fact, moose shed their antlers each winter, and a drone recently captured rare footage of the phenomenon. (mentalfloss.com)
- Shortly after zooming in, Burgoyne captured the bull moose shaking snow off his body and shedding his antlers in the process. (mentalfloss.com)
- Stumbling upon discarded antlers isn't uncommon in moose territory, but few people get to witness the moment they fall off. (mentalfloss.com)
- Elk antlers can grow up to one inch per day and are the fastest growing antlers in the deer family (deer, elk, moose). (rmef.org)
- The Division of Wildlife Resources has been concerned that increasing numbers of antler hunters could multiply the stresses faced by wintering mule deer, elk and moose, prompting a controversial closure last year that upset many enthusiasts and may have pushed some into Nevada. (sltrib.com)
- The Red Deer wears pointy and elongated antlers while the antler of Fallow Deer and Moose is palmated. (lu.se)
- I've always been fascinated by antler regeneration in deer, moose, and elk. (lu.se)
Horns7
- You may gather shed antlers or horns - or parts of shed antlers or horns - statewide, but there is one seasonal requirement. (utah.gov)
- From Feb. 1 to April 15, you must have an antler-gathering certificate on your person while collecting shed antlers or horns. (utah.gov)
- Important - The antler-gathering certificate does not authorize you to trepass on closed areas or private lands to collect shed antlers or horns. (utah.gov)
- What if I find antlers or horns attached to a skull? (utah.gov)
- If you find a skull with the antlers or horns still attached, it's possible the animal was poached. (utah.gov)
- This past weekend, buyers and sellers from around the region and around the country came together for a sale of antlers and horns like non other. (k2radio.com)
- AP) - Most public lands in Western Wyoming will be closed to the gathering of shed horns and antlers from January first through April 2013. (k2radio.com)
20211
- Nov 2, 2021 · In Antlers , a small-town Oregon teacher and her brother, the local sheriff, become entwined with a young student harboring a dangerous secret with frightening consequences. (yahoo.com)
Cooper's2
- Scott Cooper's " Antlers ," about a mythical beast terrorizing a blighted Oregon town, also earned an estimated $4.2 million from 2,800 locations. (click2houston.com)
- Antlers is Cooper's first foray into the supernatural genre, and as a filmmaker he's on unfamiliar ground but the risk in stepping into the unknown if one of "the great pleasures of making art. (comicsbeat.com)
Sika2
- The scientists implanted mice with stem cells harvested from the shed antlers of Sika deer. (fieldandstream.com)
- Scientists at Northwestern Polytechnical University in Xi'an, China have been looking for ways to harness the rapid growth rate of antler tissue by implanting stem cells from Sika deer antlers into the foreheads of lab mice. (fieldandstream.com)
20203
- Aug 23, 2020 · I'm really excited for the upcoming movie Antlers , based on the short story 'The Quiet Boy ' by Nick Antosca. (yahoo.com)
- In a similar study published in the Journal of Regenerative Biology and Medicine in August 2020, researchers surgically removed antler tissue from living deer then used something called a cryogenic freezer mill to process the antler material before inserting it into nude mice. (fieldandstream.com)
- During the 2020 San Diego Comic-Con at Home, Antlers writer and director Scott Cooper and producer Guillermo del Toro spoke with Scott Weintraub about their hope that audiences take what their film has to say about America's history, and present, to heart. (comicsbeat.com)
20171
- For its part, GYK Antler was pulled into the scandal after many believed the New Hampshire-based agency represented the company after being appointed its first AOR in July 2017. (mediapost.com)
Stag3
- Stag antlers are available in Small, Medium, Large and XL varieties. (primalpetfoods.com)
- Stag antler. (primalpetfoods.com)
- Primal Pet Foods Stag Antlers are intended for intermittent or supplemental feeding only. (primalpetfoods.com)
Skull2
- If having a seemingly endless supply of freshly tapped golden suds wasn't enough badassery for you, let us suggest this Deer Antler Skull Tap Tower. (coolhunting.com)
- Those cells were harvested from the antler pedicle-where the base of the antler connects to the skull plate-cultured in a petri dish, and then transplanted between the ears of hairless mice. (fieldandstream.com)
Guillermo del3
- Jan 28, 2019 · Coming out later this year, the Guillermo del Toro -produced, Scott Cooper -directed horror movie Antlers was co-written by "Channel Zero" creator Nick Antosca, based on a short story Antosca. (yahoo.com)
- Now playing in theaters, the Guillermo del Toro -produced, Scott Cooper -directed horror movie Antlers was co-written by " Channel Zero " creator Nick Antosca, based on a short story Antosca wrote titled "The Quiet Boy . (yahoo.com)
- ANTLERS director Scott Cooper and producer Guillermo del Toro discuss what went into the making of the film, and its place in the horror tradition. (comicsbeat.com)
Naturally shed2
- Sourced from the forest floor, these naturally shed antlers are handcrafted for pet size & safety for a perfect chew. (primalpetfoods.com)
- The durable antlers are naturally shed by roaming wild deer. (bestbullysticks.com)
Gather2
- Those who intend to gather these antlers between Jan. 31 and April 15 must complete an online course every year and carry proof of certification when in the field. (sltrib.com)
- Every year on the Saturday before Memorial weekend antler sellers gather around the square in Jackson Hole, Wyoming to vie for the best prices for their found treasures. (k2radio.com)
Deer family1
- The magnificent antlers of the deer family Cervidae represent one of the classic examples of evolution of an exaggerated character through sexual selection. (lu.se)
Pounds3
- It may even be a relief considering a full-grown moose's antlers can weigh up to 40 pounds. (mentalfloss.com)
- When all was said and done, the 2019 auction included more than 10,000 pounds of antlers that brought in more than $186,000 for the refuge and the scouting program. (rmef.org)
- The refuge says 7,398 pounds of antlers were auctioned off on Saturday. (k2radio.com)
AUCTION3
- Hundreds of people from all across America journey to Jackson, Wyoming, for the annual Boy Scout Antler Auction at the National Elk Refuge. (rmef.org)
- Go here to learn more about the elk antler auction program including 16 photos from a past auction in Jackson. (rmef.org)
- AP) - The 45th annual Boy Scout Elk Antler Auction in Jackson has raised nearly $90,500, most of which will benefit the National Elk Refuge. (k2radio.com)
Large8
- Reindeer Antlers - brown plush material, adjustable headband with large reindeer antlers. (halloweencostumes4u.com)
- Male red deer with large antlers had increased lifetime breeding success, both before and after correcting for body size, generating a standardized selection gradient of 0.44 (±0.18 SE). (bioone.org)
- Best Bully Sticks Large Whole Deer Antlers are the ultimate long-lasting chew for large dog breed power chewers. (bestbullysticks.com)
- Make a statement on your dining room table with our Large Antler Centerpiece. (ironaccents.com)
- Whether you're hosting a holiday dinner party or simply enjoying a quiet evening at home, our Large Antler Centerpiece is sure to add some extra flair to your décor. (ironaccents.com)
- Empirical evidence widely suggests that deer antlers are evolved and maintained through fitness benefit of males wearing large antlers for access to better resources and mating opportunities. (lu.se)
- Brett Petersen] The main purpose of most deer farms is to raise deer for hunting preserves, and so these deer are often bred to have large antlers to make them appealing to hunters. (cdc.gov)
- A large, so-called staghorn (because of its many projections that resemble a deer's antlers) stone may fill almost the entire renal pelvis (the central collecting chamber of the kidney) and the tubes that drain into it (calyces). (msdmanuals.com)
Bones1
- Dogs love to play with and chew on bones, and deer antlers make great toys for them. (petexpertise.com)
Gathering10
- Take the Antler Gathering Ethics Course between Feb. 1 and April 15. (utah.gov)
- You do not need an antler-gathering certificate at any other time of the year. (utah.gov)
- You can obtain this free certificate completing the online Antler Gathering Ethics Course, but you must complete the course every year. (utah.gov)
- Utah wildlife officials said Thursday they do not expect to impose further blanket bans on winter-time antler gathering, following last winter's statewide ban. (sltrib.com)
- In a change of course, Utah wildlife officials said Thursday they do not expect to impose further blanket bans on winter-time antler gathering, an outdoor activity that is soaring in popularity. (sltrib.com)
- When deep snows forced emergency deer feeding last winter, then-director Greg Sheehan shut down the entire state to antler gathering prior to April 1, when the arrival of spring allows big game to move to higher terrain. (sltrib.com)
- The course explains the stresses endured by big game, winter survival rates and the rules for gathering antlers. (sltrib.com)
- After the ban was enacted, conservation officers wrote 125 citations to people gathering antlers prior to April 1. (sltrib.com)
- Complicating the antler-gathering picture in Utah are various policies in neighboring states. (sltrib.com)
- Idaho and Nevada do not regulate antler gathering at all, while Wyoming bans winter-time gathering west of the Continental Division on public lands, according to Utah DWR's wildlife section chief Justin Shannon. (sltrib.com)
Chew2
- Antlers can be softened with Bone Broth and fed as a recreational chew. (primalpetfoods.com)
- Cut the antlers into small pieces for your dog to chew comfortably. (petexpertise.com)
Supervise2
- Always supervise your pet while chewing, and take antler away if it becomes small enough to swallow. (primalpetfoods.com)
- Always supervise your dog when they're enjoying an antler, and remove small or broken pieces to prevent your pup from choking. (bestbullysticks.com)
Spray5
- Restoration Hardware sells mounted Deer Antlers in Cast Resin (we'd spray paint them white) for $149. (remodelista.com)
- FYI: What Is Deer Antler Spray, And Why Would A Football Player Use It? (popsci.com)
- NFL players have been accused of using deer antler spray, a banned performance enhancer with a bizarre name. (popsci.com)
- A new report from Sports Illustrated connects Baltimore Ravens player Ray Lewis with deer antler spray, also known as deer antler velvet, one of the oddest-sounding performance enhancers we've ever heard of. (popsci.com)
- Well, it's pretty close to what it sounds like: It's a spray or pill with an active ingredient, IGF-1, extracted from deer antlers. (popsci.com)
Generate2
- Above: Made of powder-coated steel, UK designer Alexander Taylor's Antlers Hook for Thorsten Van Elten is $149 at Generate. (remodelista.com)
- However the observed selection did not generate an evolutionary response in antler size over the study period of nearly 30 years, and there was no evidence of a positive genetic correlation between antler size and fitness nor of a positive association between breeding values for antler size and fitness. (bioone.org)
Rack1
- Above: Designed by Seattle artist Erich Grinder, the Ghost Antler Rack is made of cast resin. (remodelista.com)
Males1
- Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that a heritable trait under directional selection will not evolve if associations between the measured trait and fitness are determined by environmental covariances: In red deer males, for example, both antler size and success in the fights for mates may be heavily dependent on an individual's nutritional state. (bioone.org)
Mice6
- Within 45 days of implantation, the mice had begun to develop "antler-like" structures of their own. (fieldandstream.com)
- This figure from a previous study shows the process of growing "mini antlers" on mice. (fieldandstream.com)
- That study produced similar results with the mice sprouting visible, antler-like protrusions atop their heads. (fieldandstream.com)
- To explore the means by which prions are transmitted with high efficiency among cervids, we examined prion infectivity in the apical skin layer covering the growing antler (antler velvet) by using CWD-susceptible transgenic mice and protein misfolding cyclic amplification. (cdc.gov)
- We used CWD-susceptible transgenic (Tg) mice as a sensitive means to detect prions in antler velvet. (cdc.gov)
- Bioassays in Tg mice expressing deer prion protein (PrP) ( 4 ) and newly created Tg mice expressing elk PrP, demonstrated low levels of CWD prions in antler velvet. (cdc.gov)
Quiet1
- Feb 17, 2022 · Spoilers for Antlers , currently available to watch on HBO Go, and the short story that inspired it, 'The Quiet Boy ' by Nick Antosca, currently available to read on Guernica. (yahoo.com)
Tissue2
- The Xi'an researchers started by investigating the cellular make-up and gene expression dynamics of antler tissue throughout various stages of growth. (fieldandstream.com)
- Our finding of prions in antler velvet of CWD-affected elk suggests that this tissue may play a role in disease transmission among cervids. (cdc.gov)
Grow1
- It does not take very long for bull elk to grow antlers. (rmef.org)
Products1
- But there are also many other products that can be made from deer, such as venison meat, deer skins or hides, deer urine, which can be used as an attractant for hunting, and even velvet antlers which are used in traditional Chinese medicine. (cdc.gov)
Details1
- Should you like personal recommendations, your Antlers reservations agent also doubles as your concierge and is happy to assist you in planning most details of your Vail vacation. (antlersvail.com)
Find3
- Find all stories on Antlers in this tag archive. (coolhunting.com)
- However, we could not find a trail up Antler that would have been consistent with Park rules nor which would have fit the Mountaineers definition of "hike", so as consolation we extended our return route further along Sourdough Ridge towards the 5-way junction at Frozen Lake. (mountaineers.org)
- This was something I was fascinating with growing up when I'd find these antlers on hikes in the mountains. (lu.se)
Branch1
- This trip was to also have included Antler Peak, which would have made it a two-fer for hikes in the Seattle Branch "15 Hiking Peaks in Mount Rainier NP" badge. (mountaineers.org)
Results1
- This project will include (1) visits to museums to obtain additional antler images, (2) rendering of 3D photogrammetric objects from images obtained at museums, (3) acquition of ecological and life-history data through literature survey, (4) analyses of phenotypic data with phylogenetic comparative analyses in R statistical environment, and (5) evaluation of obtained results with respect to existing literature on deer antler evolution. (lu.se)
Male3
- After picking up the animals on his drone camera, he focused on one male who still had his antlers. (mentalfloss.com)
- We present estimates of the selection on and the heritability of a male secondary sexual weapon in a wild population: antler size in red deer. (bioone.org)
- Growing antlers of male cervids are covered by a highly innervated and vascularized apical skin layer, referred to as velvet, which is shed after an increase in testosterone and ossification of antlers. (cdc.gov)
Extraordinary1
- Handcrafted with premium vintages from the finest growing regions, Antler Hill® wines offer extraordinary taste and excellent aging potential. (biltmore.com)
Small3
- Antler Hill ® wines pair the passion of Biltmore winemaker Sharon Fenchak with the premium harvests and vintages from our small partner vineyards with whom we've cultivated long-standing relationships in the nation's finest wine regions. (biltmore.com)
- Their experiments have yielded some bizarre-looking rodents with small outgrowths on their heads that the journal Nature referred to as "mini antlers. (fieldandstream.com)
- Examine the antler for wear after each use, and discard it if it has become small enough to present a choking hazard. (bestbullysticks.com)
Size2
- Despite substantial age- and environment-related variation, antler size was also heritable (heritability of antler mass = 0.33 ± 0.12). (bioone.org)
- Loeske E. B. Kruuk , Jon Slate , Josephine M. Pemberton , Sue Brotherstone , Fiona Guinness , and Tim Clutton-Brock "ANTLER SIZE IN RED DEER: HERITABILITY AND SELECTION BUT NO EVOLUTION," Evolution 56(8), 1683-1695, (1 August 2002). (bioone.org)
Make2
- Whole Deer Antlers will satisfy powerful "buzzsaw" chewers that make short work of softer chews. (bestbullysticks.com)
- Make sure all antlers are entirely submerged and remain so throughout. (petexpertise.com)
Process2
- The annual shedding of the antlers , or paddles , is a gruesome process. (mentalfloss.com)
- Before getting into the discussion about Antlers and their process of filmmaking, del Toro and Cooper shared what TV shows they would like to guest-direct and write on. (comicsbeat.com)
Halloween1
- In celebration of Antler releaseing worldwide tomorrow, and with Halloween being right around the corner, I thought. (yahoo.com)
Product1
- Antlers are a 100% natural product- variations in shape and appearance are normal and should be expected. (primalpetfoods.com)
Made1
- Our beautifully handmade Antler Bench is made from Scottish Red Deer antlers by a team of highly skilled artisans here in Scotland and covered in traditionally woven tapestry from Hines of Oxford, who meticulously hand finish their designs for the ultimate guarantee of quality. (houseofbruar.com)
Select1
- Please select an appropriately-sized antler for your dog. (primalpetfoods.com)
Obtain1
- As if that wasn't enough, Magdalena has a stated goal of having every Antlers housekeeper obtain their GED. (antlersvail.com)
Message1
- That is the message GYK Antler is proclaiming after former client Stonyfield released an ad that has been widely criticized for featuring children that state "unsubstantiated claims" about genetically modified organisms (GMOs). (mediapost.com)
Found2
- They found that the most effective cell implants were those derived from shed antlers that were no more than 5 days old. (fieldandstream.com)
- How Do I Clean Deer Antlers I Found? (petexpertise.com)
Colorado2
- Antlers is an unincorporated community in Garfield County, in the U.S. state of Colorado. (wikipedia.org)
- The community derives its name from the Antlers Hotel (Colorado). (wikipedia.org)
Pieces1
- When the water reaches a boil, put the antler pieces in the pot and reduce the heat to a simmer. (petexpertise.com)
