Antitubercular Agents
Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: "first-line" agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and "second-line" drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Structure-Activity Relationship
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Thioacetazone
A thiosemicarbazone that is used in association with other antimycobacterial agents in the initial and continuation phases of antituberculosis regimens. Thiacetazone containing regimens are less effective than the short-course regimen recommended by the International Union Against Tuberculosis and are used in some developing countries to reduce drug costs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p217)
Isoniazid
Antibiotics, Antitubercular
Rifampin
A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)
Ethambutol
An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863)
Tuberculosis, Ocular
Tuberculosis
Cryoanesthesia
Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal
Tuberculosis, Male Genital
Tuberculoma, Intracranial
A well-circumscribed mass composed of tuberculous granulation tissue that may occur in the cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum, brain stem, or perimeningeal spaces. Multiple lesions are quite common. Management of intracranial manifestations vary with lesion site. Intracranial tuberculomas may be associated with SEIZURES, focal neurologic deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. Spinal cord tuberculomas may be associated with localized or radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, and incontinence. Tuberculomas may arise as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS, but also occur in immunocompetent individuals.
Tuberculosis, Cutaneous
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
Tuberculosis resistant to chemotherapy with two or more ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS, including at least ISONIAZID and RIFAMPICIN. The problem of resistance is particularly troublesome in tuberculous OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS associated with HIV INFECTIONS. It requires the use of second line drugs which are more toxic than the first line regimens. TB with isolates that have developed further resistance to at least three of the six classes of second line drugs is defined as EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS.
Drug Dosage Calculations
Molecular Structure
South Africa
Oxazoles
Streptomycin
Antiperspirants
Methylmethacrylate
PubMed
A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. PubMed, which is searchable through NLM's Web site, also includes access to additional citations to selected life sciences journals not in MEDLINE, and links to other resources such as the full-text of articles at participating publishers' Web sites, NCBI's molecular biology databases, and PubMed Central.
Publishing
MEDLINE
Bacteriology
Ophthalmology
Tuberculosis, Female Genital
Mucorales
Epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Texas. (1/3795)
During 1987-1996, over 22,000 tuberculosis cases were reported in Texas, at an average annual incidence rate of 12.5 cases per 100,000 population. Counties with the highest rates were located along the Mexico-Texas border and in northwestern Texas. Nine percent of cases were resistant to at least one of the five first-line antituberculosis drugs used for treatment. Almost 5 percent (4.6%) were resistant to isoniazid, either alone or in combination with other antibiotics; 2.3% were resistant to rifampin; and only 1.3% were resistant to both isoniazid and rifampin. Being a recurrent case, being foreign-born, being 20-39 years of age, and residing in a Mexico-Texas border county were independent risk factors for isoniazid resistance and rifampin resistance. Tuberculosis patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were more likely to have rifampin resistance and less likely to have isoniazid resistance than patients without HIV infection. Factors associated with multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis included a history of previous tuberculosis (relative risk (RR) = 4.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.5-6.8), non-US birth (RR = 2.69, 95% CI 2.1-3.5), age younger than 20 years (RR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.1-3.5), age 20-39 years (RR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.3-2.6), and residence in a Mexico-Texas border county (RR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.8-3.1). (+info)Issues in the treatment of active tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. (2/3795)
Most HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis can be treated satisfactorily with standard regimens with expectations of good results. Treatment of tuberculosis in these patients has been complicated by the introduction of HAART, which relies on drugs that interfere with the most potent class of antituberculous medications. Rifampin-free regimens or regimens that employ rifabutin may be acceptable strategies for patients who are receiving protease inhibitors, although these regimens have not been rigorously evaluated in patients with AIDS. At present, there is good reason to believe that a 6-month course of a rifabutin-containing regimen or a 9-12-month course of a regimen of streptomycin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide should be adequate therapy for most patients with drug-susceptible disease. As the treatment of HIV infection with antiretroviral agents evolves, the treatment of tuberculosis in patients with AIDS is likely to evolve as well. This will require careful coordination of antituberculosis and antiretroviral therapies. (+info)Reduced pyrazinamidase activity and the natural resistance of Mycobacterium kansasii to the antituberculosis drug pyrazinamide. (3/3795)
Pyrazinamide (PZA), an analog of nicotinamide, is a prodrug that requires conversion to the bactericidal compound pyrazinoic acid (POA) by the bacterial pyrazinamidase (PZase) activity of nicotinamidase to show activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mutations leading to a loss of PZase activity cause PZA resistance in M. tuberculosis. M. kansasii is naturally resistant to PZA and has reduced PZase activity along with an apparently detectable nicotinamidase activity. The role of the reduction in PZase activity in the natural PZA resistance of M. kansasii is unknown. The MICs of PZA and POA for M. kansasii were determined to be 500 and 125 micrograms/ml, respectively. Using [14C]PZA and [14C]nicotinamide, we found that M. kansasii had about 5-fold-less PZase activity and about 25-fold-less nicotinamidase activity than M. tuberculosis. The M. kansasii pncA gene was cloned on a 1.8-kb BamHI DNA fragment, using M. avium pncA probe. Sequence analysis showed that the M. kansasii pncA gene encoded a protein with homology to its counterparts from M. tuberculosis (69.9%), M. avium (65.6%), and Escherichia coli (28.5%). Transformation of naturally PZA-resistant M. bovis BCG with M. kansasii pncA conferred partial PZA susceptibility. Transformation of M. kansasii with M. avium pncA caused functional expression of PZase and high-level susceptibility to PZA, indicating that the natural PZA resistance in M. kansasii results from a reduced PZase activity. Like M. tuberculosis, M. kansasii accumulated POA in the cells at an acidic pH; however, due to its highly active POA efflux pump, the naturally PZA-resistant species M. smegmatis did not. These findings suggest the existence of a weak POA efflux mechanism in M. kansasii. (+info)Pharmacokinetics of ethambutol under fasting conditions, with food, and with antacids. (4/3795)
Ethambutol (EMB) is the most frequent "fourth drug" used for the empiric treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a frequently used drug for infections caused by Mycobacterium avium complex. The pharmacokinetics of EMB in serum were studied with 14 healthy males and females in a randomized, four-period crossover study. Subjects ingested single doses of EMB of 25 mg/kg of body weight under fasting conditions twice, with a high-fat meal, and with aluminum-magnesium antacid. Serum was collected for 48 h and assayed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Data were analyzed by noncompartmental methods and by a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model with zero-order absorption and first-order elimination. Both fasting conditions produced similar results: a mean (+/- standard deviation) EMB maximum concentration of drug in serum (Cmax) of 4.5 +/- 1.0 micrograms/ml, time to maximum concentration of drug in serum (Tmax) of 2.5 +/- 0.9 h, and area under the concentration-time curve from 0 h to infinity (AUC0-infinity) of 28.9 +/- 4.7 micrograms.h/ml. In the presence of antacids, subjects had a mean Cmax of 3.3 +/- 0.5 micrograms/ml, Tmax of 2.9 +/- 1.2 h, and AUC0-infinity of 27.5 +/- 5.9 micrograms.h/ml. In the presence of the Food and Drug Administration high-fat meal, subjects had a mean Cmax of 3.8 +/- 0.8 micrograms/ml, Tmax of 3.2 +/- 1.3 h, and AUC0-infinity of 29.6 +/- 4.7 micrograms.h/ml. These reductions in Cmax, delays in Tmax, and modest reductions in AUC0-infinity can be avoided by giving EMB on an empty stomach whenever possible. (+info)Use of site-directed mutagenesis to probe the structure, function and isoniazid activation of the catalase/peroxidase, KatG, from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (5/3795)
A series of mutants bearing single amino acid substitutions often encountered in the catalase/peroxidase, KatG, from isoniazid-resistant isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been produced by site-directed mutagenesis. The resultant enzymes were overexpressed, purified and characterized. Replacing Cys-20 by Ser abolished disulphide-bridge formation, but did not affect either dimerization of the enzyme or catalysis. The substitution of Thr-275, which is probably involved in electron transfer from the haem, by proline resulted in a highly unstable enzyme with insignificant enzyme activities. The most commonly occurring substitution in drug-resistant clinical isolates is the replacement of Ser-315 by Thr; this lowered catalase and peroxidase activities by 50% and caused a significant decrease in the KatG-mediated inhibition of the activity of the NADH-dependent enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] reductase, InhA, in vitro. The ability of this enzyme to produce free radicals from isoniazid was severely impaired, as judged by its loss of NitroBlue Tetrazolium reduction activity. Replacement of Leu-587 by Pro resulted in marked instability of KatG, indicating that the C-terminal domain is also important for structural and functional integrity. (+info)Susceptibility of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to amoxycillin in combination with clavulanic acid and ethambutol. (6/3795)
Thirty clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 20 of which were multidrug-resistant (MDR), were tested for susceptibility to different combinations of amoxycillin, clavulanic acid and subinhibitory concentrations of ethambutol. beta-Lactamase production was assessed semiquantitatively with the nitrocefin method and susceptibility testing was performed with the BACTEC method. All isolates were beta-lactamase positive and were resistant to 16 mg/L amoxycillin. The MIC of amoxycillin in combination with clavulanic acid was > or =2 mg/L for 27/30 (90%) isolates. Addition of subinhibitory concentrations of ethambutol significantly reduced the MIC of amoxycillin for all tested isolates. Twenty-nine (97%) isolates had an MIC of amoxycillin of < or =0.5 mg/L when subinhibitory concentrations of ethambutol were added; this is well below the concentrations achievable in serum and tissue. (+info)Molecular evidence for heterogeneity of the multiple-drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis population in Scotland (1990 to 1997). (7/3795)
Multiple-drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-MTB) has been well studied in hospitals or health care institutions and in human immunodeficiency virus-infected populations. However, the characteristics of MDR-MTB in the community have not been well investigated. An understanding of its prevalence and circulation within the community will help to estimate the problem and optimize the strategies for control and prevention of its development and transmission. In this study, MDR-MTB isolates from Scotland collected between 1990 and 1997 were characterized, along with non-drug-resistant isolates. The results showed that they were genetically diverse, suggesting they were unrelated to each other and had probably evolved independently. Several new alleles of rpoB, katG, and ahpC were identified: rpoB codon 525 (ACC-->AAC; Thr525Asn); katG codon 128 (CGG-->CAG; Arg128Gln) and codon 291 (GCT-->CCT; Ala291Pro); and the ahpC synonymous substitution at codon 6 (ATT-->ATC). One of the MDR-MTB isolates from an Asian patient had an IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern very similar to that of the MDR-MTB W strain and had the same drug resistance-related alleles but did not have any epidemiological connection with the W strains. Additionally, a cluster of M. tuberculosis isolates was identified in our collection of 715 clinical isolates; the isolates in this cluster had genetic backgrounds very similar to those of the W strains, one of which had already developed multiple drug resistances. The diverse population of MDR-MTB in Scotland, along with a low incidence of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis, has implications for the control of the organism and prevention of its spread. (+info)Rapid film-based determination of antibiotic susceptibilities of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains by using a luciferase reporter phage and the Bronx Box. (8/3795)
Detecting antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is becoming increasingly important with the global recognition of drug-resistant strains and their adverse impact on clinical outcomes. Current methods of susceptibility testing are either time-consuming or costly; rapid, reliable, simple, and inexpensive methods would be highly desirable, especially in the developing world where most tuberculosis is found. The luciferase reporter phage is a unique reagent well-suited for this purpose: upon infection with viable mycobacteria, it produces quantifiable light which is not observed in mycobacterial cells treated with active antimicrobials. In this report, we describe a modification of our original assay, which allows detection of the emitted light with a Polaroid film box designated the Bronx Box. The technique has been applied to 25 M. tuberculosis reference and clinical strains, and criteria are presented which allow rapid and simple discrimination among strains susceptible or resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, the major antituberculosis agents. (+info)
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Primidone
... an antitubercular agent with MAOI properties, has been known to strongly inhibit the metabolism of primidone.[55] ... They all had larger protective indexes than conventional agents and unlike these agents, the new ones did not cause birth ... "Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 45 (2): 382-92. doi:10.1128/AAC.45.2.382-392.2001. PMC 90302. PMID 11158730.. ... Other pharmacological agents include alprazolam, clonazepam, atenolol, sotalol, nadolol, clozapine, nimodipine, and botilinum ...
1,2,4-Triazole
A Promising Antitubercular Agent". Chemical Biology & Drug Design. 86 (4): 410-423. doi:10.1111/cbdd.12527. PMID 25643871. Kaur ... Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 16 (4): 465-489. doi:10.2174/1871520615666150819121106. PMID 26286663. Kathiravan, ... "The biology and chemistry of antifungal agents: A review". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry. 20 (19): 5678-5698. doi:10.1016/j. ...
Infection
... including antitubercular), antiviral, antifungal and antiparasitic (including antiprotozoal and antihelminthic) agents. ... First, the catalog of infectious agents has grown to the point that virtually all of the significant infectious agents of the ... Second, an infectious agent must grow within the human body to cause disease; essentially it must amplify its own nucleic acids ... Not all infectious agents cause disease in all hosts. For example, less than 5% of individuals infected with polio develop ...
Bedaquiline
Worley MV, Estrada SJ (November 2014). "Bedaquiline: a novel antitubercular agent for the treatment of multidrug-resistant ... Bedaquiline was described for the first time in 2004 at the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ( ...
Oxathiazolone
Various 5‐styryl‐oxathiazol‐2‐one heterocycles have also been tested as anti-tubercular agents because of their ability to ... and Evaluation of 5-Styryl-Oxathiazol-2-one Mycobacterium tuberculosis Proteasome Inhibitors as Potential Antitubercular Agents ...
Primidone
Isoniazid, an antitubercular agent with MAOI properties, has been known to strongly inhibit the metabolism of primidone. Like ... Other pharmacological agents include alprazolam, clonazepam, atenolol, sotalol, nadolol, clozapine, nimodipine, and botulinum ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 45 (2): 382-92. doi:10.1128/AAC.45.2.382-392.2001. PMC 90302. PMID 11158730. Theis JG, ...
Pyrazinamide
Its discovery as an antitubercular agent was remarkable since it has no activity against tuberculosis in vitro, due to not ... Dillon, Nicholas A.; Peterson, Nicholas D.; Feaga, Heather A.; Keiler, Kenneth C.; Baughn, Anthony D. (21 July 2017). "Anti-tubercular ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 59 (12): 7320-26. doi:10.1128/aac.00967-15. PMC 4649215. PMID 26369957. Shi W, Zhang X, ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 39 (6): 1269-71. doi:10.1128/aac.39.6.1269. PMC 162725. PMID 7574514. Klemens, S.P.; ...
Leprostatic agent
Sulfone - Dapsone (DDS), Phenazine derivative - Clofazimine, Antitubercular drugs - Rifampicin, Ethionamide, Solapsone, Other ... A leprostatic agent is a drug that interferes with proliferation of the bacterium that causes leprosy. The following agents are ... Established agents used in the treatment of leprosy are dapsone, clofazimine, and rifampicin. Treatment of tuberculoid leprosy ... Dapsone, combined with other antileprosy agents like rifampicin and clofazimine, is used in the treatment of both ...
Proteasome accessory factor E
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the etiologic agent of the disease tuberculosis, which kills approximately 1.4 million ... recent emergence of increasingly drug-resistant Mtb strains have given rise to an urgent need for the development of new anti-tubercular ...
Einhorn-Brunner reaction
Triazoles have been found to have a number of real world applications as antibacterial agents.[citation needed] The Einhorn- ... Research done by Pattan et al., specifically on 1,2,4-triazoles, found antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular, and anti- ... antitubercular and anti-inflammatory activities" (PDF). Indian Journal of Chemistry. 51B: 297-301.. ...
Psychopharmacology revolution
Nevertheless related agents such as phenelzine and isocarboxazid are still on the market. In addition, tranylcypromine is a non ... Iproniazid was the result of a failed medicinal chemistry attempt to improve on the anti-tubercular activity of isoniazid. It ... A limitation of these agents is their potential to cause hypertension so their safety is not guaranteed. However, it seems that ... He noted the so-called "indifference" that this agent causes and suggested that it be used on agitated psychotic patients. ...
Furonazide
In vivo studies in the guinea pig showed furonazide slightly more active than isoniazid as a tuberculostatic agent. The drug ... Antitubercular compounds". Yakugaku Zasshi. 75: 1066-9. Kiichiro Kakemi; Sezaki, Hitoshi; Iwamoto, Kikuo; Sano, Yukito (1969 ...
SQ109
In preclinical studies SQ109 enhanced the activity of anti-tubercular drugs isoniazid and rifampin and reduced by >30% the time ... "Synthesis and evaluation of carbamate prodrugs of SQ109 as antituberculosis agents". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. ... a new diamine-based antitubercular drug". British Journal of Pharmacology. 144 (1): 80-87. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705984. PMC ...
Streptomyces isolates
A recent screening of TCM extracts revealed a Streptomyces that produces a number of antitubercular pluramycins. Biology portal ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 8 (6): 721-32. doi:10.1128/AAC.8.6.721. PMC 429454 . PMID 1211926. Retrieved 2012-01-19 ... Y3111 from traditional Chinese medicine produced antitubercular pluramycins". Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 98 (3): 1077-85. doi: ...
Bladder cancer
Five immunotherapy agents has been approved in the US for use in metastatic bladder cancer. They act by inhibiting programmed ... BCG strains are not sensitive to pyrazinamide therefore, it should not be a part of anti-tubercular treatment. BCG treatment ... In people with systemic infections, BCG therapy should be stopped and anti-tubercular multidrug treatment for at-least 6 months ... The most commonly used second-line chemotherapy is single-agent regimes of Taxanes (Paclitaxel, nab-paclitaxel and Docetaxel). ...
List of MeSH codes (D27)
... antitubercular MeSH D27.505.954.122.085.222 - antitreponemal agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.085.255 - antitubercular agents MeSH ... antiviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077 - anti-retroviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077.088 - anti-hiv agents MeSH ... tocolytic agents MeSH D27.505.954.016 - anti-allergic agents MeSH D27.505.954.122 - anti-infective agents MeSH D27.505.954.122. ... tranquilizing agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.015 - anti-anxiety agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.025 - antimanic agents MeSH ...
Ethionamide
... is used in combination with other antituberculosis agents as part of a second-line regimen for active tuberculosis ... Belardinelli, Juan M.; Morbidoni, Héctor R. (2013-04-01). "Recycling and refurbishing old antitubercular drugs: the encouraging ... Rastogi, Nalin; Labrousse, Valérie; Goh, Khye Seng (1996). "In Vitro Activities of Fourteen Antimicrobial Agents Against Drug ... Bennett, John E.; Dolin, Raphael; Blaser, Martin; Mandell, Gerald L (2015). "38 - Antimycobacterial Agents". Mandell, Douglas, ...
Mycolic acid
An international multi-centre study has proved that delamanid (OPC-67683), a new agent derived from the nitro-dihydro- ... Raman, K.; Rajagopalan, P.; Chandra, N. (2005). "Flux Balance Analysis of Mycolic Acid Pathway: Targets for Anti-Tubercular ... Novel inhibitors of this enzyme could potentially be used as therapeutic agents. The mycolic acids show interesting ... the causative agent of the disease tuberculosis. They form the major component of the cell wall of mycolata species. Despite ...
Chalcone
Xia, Yi; Yang, Zheng-Yu; Xia, Peng; Bastow, Kenneth F.; Nakanishi, Yuka; Lee, Kuo-Hsiung (2000). "Antitumor agents. Part 202: ... The therapeutic (anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-ameobic, anti-malarial, anti-tubercular, ... Some 2′-amino chalcones have been studied as potential antitumor agents. ... Chalcone scaffolds as anti-infective agents: Structural and molecular target perspectives. European journal of medicinal ...
Rifampicin
... is relatively ineffective against spirochetes, which has led to its use as a selective agent capable of isolating ... Mycobacterial resistance to rifampicin may occur alone or along with resistance to other first line antitubercular drugs. Early ... Leschine SB, Canale-Parola E (December 1980). "Rifampin as a selective agent for isolation of oral spirochetes". Journal of ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 42 (10): 2762-4. doi:10.1128/AAC.42.10.2762. PMC 105936. PMID 9756794. Trivedi, Hirsh D ...
Tuberculosis
The benefits and risks of giving anti-tubercular drugs in those exposed to MDR-TB is unclear. Making HAART therapy available to ... The safety and effectiveness of these new agents are uncertain as of 2012, because they are based on the results of relatively ... In 2018, tuberculosis was the leading cause of death worldwide from a single infectious agent. The total number of tuberculosis ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 47 (3): 833-36. doi:10.1128/AAC.47.3.833-836.2003. PMC 149338. PMID 12604509. Bozzano F ...
Pretomanid
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 49 (6): 2294-301. doi:10.1128/AAC.49.6.2294-2301.2005. PMC 1140539. PMID 15917524. ... in a series of 100 nitroimidazopyran derivatives synthesized and tested for antitubercular activity, by PathoGenesis (now a ...
Osteomyelitis
In patients with sickle cell disease, the most common causative agent is Salmonella, with a relative incidence more than twice ... Tubercular osteomyelitis of the spine was so common before the initiation of effective antitubercular therapy, it acquired a ...
Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III
Agents Chemother. 48 (8): 3093-102. doi:10.1128/AAC.48.8.3093-3102.2004. PMC 478545. PMID 15273125. Al-Balas Q, Anthony NG, Al- ... Raman K, Rajagopalan P, Chandra N (October 2005). "Flux Balance Analysis of Mycolic Acid Pathway: Targets for Anti-Tubercular ... Agents Chemother. 50 (2): 519-26. doi:10.1128/AAC.50.2.519-526.2006. PMC 1366929. PMID 16436705. Ondeyka JG, Zink DL, Young K, ... the causative agent of another serious refractory problem, malaria. Given the predominance of TB in poor countries, the ...
Antimicrobial peptides
Lessons learned from the successes and failures of siderophore-conjugate drugs evaluated during the development of novel agents ... Usmani SS, Bhalla S, Raghava GP (26 August 2018). "Prediction of Antitubercular Peptides From Sequence Information Using ... Antimicrobial peptides have been used as therapeutic agents; their use is generally limited to intravenous administration or ... These peptides are potent, broad spectrum antibiotics which demonstrate potential as novel therapeutic agents. Antimicrobial ...
Isatin
Bin-Jubair, F.A.S. (2010). "Anti-Tubercular activity of Isatin and Derivatives". Int. J. Res. Pharm. Sci. 1: 113. Vuzquez de ... substituted indoles or oxindoles with different oxidizing agents such as TBHP, IBX-SO3K, tBuONO etc. The presence of an ...
Browsing Technical documents by Subject "Antitubercular Agents"
Antitubercular Agents | Profiles RNS
"Antitubercular Agents" by people in this website by year, and whether "Antitubercular Agents" was a major or minor topic of ... "Antitubercular Agents" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Antitubercular Agents" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Antitubercular Agents". ...
Synergistic Interactions of MmpL3 Inhibitors with Antitubercular Compounds In Vitro | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Synergistic Interactions of MmpL3 Inhibitors with Antitubercular Compounds In Vitro. Wei Li, Andrea Sanchez-Hidalgo, Victoria ... Synergistic Interactions of MmpL3 Inhibitors with Antitubercular Compounds In Vitro. Wei Li, Andrea Sanchez-Hidalgo, Victoria ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Mar 2017, 61 (4) e02399-16; DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02399-16 ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Mar 2017, 61 (4) e02399-16; DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02399-16 ...
Hybrid Docking-QSAR Studies of 1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-Dicarboxamides as Potential Antitubercular Agents | BenthamScience
Hybrid Docking-QSAR Studies of 1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-Dicarboxamides as Potential Antitubercular Agents. Author(s): Yasaman ... 1, 4-dihydropyridines are multi-target ligands that recently are recognized as anti-tubercular agents. ... Title:Hybrid Docking-QSAR Studies of 1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-Dicarboxamides as Potential Antitubercular Agents ... 1, 4-dihydropyridines are multi-target ligands that recently are recognized as anti-tubercular agents. ...
Synthesis and biological evaluation of conformationally constrained analogues of the antitubercular agent ethambutol. - Inserm
... prolinol-derived conformationally restricted analogues of the antitubercular agent ethambutol were prepared and tested against ... Synthesis and biological evaluation of conformationally constrained analogues of the antitubercular agent ethambutol. Vanessa ... Abstract : Three (S)-prolinol-derived conformationally restricted analogues of the antitubercular agent ethambutol were ... Synthesis and biological evaluation of conformationally constrained analogues of the antitubercular agent ethambutol.. ...
DNA-Minor Groove Binding Agents as Anti-Tubercular Probes. Old Tools for a New Challenge? | Bentham Science
"DNA-Minor Groove Binding Agents as Anti-Tubercular Probes. Old Tools for a New Challenge?", Anti-Infective Agents (2018) 16: 71 ... Anti-Infective Agents. *Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Different Leaf Extracts of Ocimum gratissimum Linn for Anti ... DNA-Minor Groove Binding Agents as Anti-Tubercular Probes. Old Tools for a New Challenge?. Author(s): Federico Brucoli*. ... Title:DNA-Minor Groove Binding Agents as Anti-Tubercular Probes. Old Tools for a New Challenge? ...
Conventional and microwave assisted synthesis of novel pyrimidine derivatives as antimicrobial and antitubercular agent |...
Browsing by Subject "Antitubercular Agents"
Antitubercular agent | Article about antitubercular agent by The Free Dictionary
A substance, such as streptomycin or isoniazid, used in the treatment of tuberculosis Explanation of antitubercular agent ... Looking for antitubercular agent? Find out information about antitubercular agent. ... antitubercular agent. antitubercular agent. [¦an·tē·tə¦bərk·yə·lər ′ā·jənt] (pharmacology) A substance, such as streptomycin or ... Antitubercular agent , Article about antitubercular agent by The Free Dictionary https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/ ...
Anti-tubercular agents | PTB Reports
PTB Reports [Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biomedical Reports] - It is an international, peer-review, open access, online journal publishing research articles, review articles, clinical case reports and recent trends in experimental and clinical pharmacology, toxicology and Biomedicine. It covers clinical pharmacokinetics, biochemical pharmacology, clinical biochemistry, molecular biology, analytical toxicology, psychopharmacology, neuropharmacology, cardiovascular and renal pharmacology and other systemic pharmacology.. ...
Rimantadine HCL
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Antitubercular Agents, ATC:J01MA09
Prosom
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Antitubercular Agents, Leprostatic Agents, ATC:J04AD03
Influence of genetic variants on toxicity to anti-tubercular agents : a systematic review and meta-analysis (protocol)
WHO HQ Library catalog ›
Results of search for 'su:{Antitubercular agents}'
Book; Format: print Publisher: Geneva : World Health Organization, 1991Other title: Drugs used in mycobacterial diseases.Title translated: Fiches modèles OMS d information à l usage des prescripteurs médicaments utilisés dans les mycobactérioses; Modelo OMS de información sobre prescripción de medicamentos :medicamentos utilizados en las enfermedades micobacterianas.Online access: Full text now in IRIS Availability: Items available for loan: WHO HQ [Call number: QV 268 91WH] (3). Withdrawn (1). ...
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of varied ether linker analogues of the antitubercular drug (6S)-2-nitro-6-{[4-...
New analogues of antitubercular drug PA-824 were synthesized, featuring alternative side chain ether linkers of varying size ... Antitubercular Agents / chemical synthesis* * Antitubercular Agents / pharmacokinetics * Antitubercular Agents / pharmacology * ... New analogues of antitubercular drug PA-824 were synthesized, featuring alternative side chain ether linkers of varying size ... Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of varied ether linker analogues of the antitubercular drug (6S)-2-nitro-6-{[4-( ...
Rose Oil, Rose Oil Suppliers and Manufacturers at Alibaba.com
Review of Evidence for Measuring Drug Concentrations of First-Line Antitubercular Agents in Adults
... ... Although TDM of first-line antitubercular drugs is used during the treatment of tuberculosis, the extent of any benefit ... This review summarizes the available literature describing TDM of first-line treatment agents in patients with tuberculosis and ... literature review was conducted for articles describing drug concentration and TDM outcomes for first-line tuberculosis agents ...
Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel Isatin Derivatives as Antitubercular Agents.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Antitubercular Agents by Co.... In vitro antitubercular activity against ... TABLE-04: Results for Anti tubercular activity S.No. Compound code 100 µg/ml 50 µg/ml 25 µg/ml 12.5 µg/ml 6.25 µg/ml 3.12 µg/ml ... ISATIN DERIVATIVES AS ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS" submitted by the candidate bearing Register No.261215701 in partial fulfillment of ... ISATIN DERIVATIVES AS ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS" submitted by the candidate bearing the Reg. No. 261215701 in partial fulfillment ...
WHO HQ Library catalog ›
Results of search for 'su:{Tuberculosis} and su-to:Antitubercular agents'
Rational Design and Synthesis of Novel Diphenyl ether Derivatives as Antitubercular Agents - MAHE Digital Repository
Rational Design and Synthesis of Novel Diphenyl ether Derivatives as Antitubercular Agents ... Rational Design and Synthesis of Novel Diphenyl ether Derivatives as Antitubercular Agents. Drug Design, Development and ... Based on the antitubercular activity and druglikeness profile, it may be concluded that compound 10b could be a lead for future ... A series of triclosan mimic diphenyl ether derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular ...
ethambutol (CHEBI:4877)
antitubercular agent A substance that kills or slows the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. and is used in the treatment of ... antitubercular agent A substance that kills or slows the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. and is used in the treatment of ... ethambutol (CHEBI:4877) has role antitubercular agent (CHEBI:33231) ethambutol (CHEBI:4877) has role environmental contaminant ...
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in rural China: lack of public awareness, unaffordable costs and poor clinical management. -...
Studies on the treatment of tuberculosis undertaken by the British Medical Research Council tuberculosis units, 1946-1986, with...
rifampicin (CHEBI:28077)
... has role antineoplastic agent (CHEBI:35610) rifampicin (CHEBI:28077) has role antitubercular agent ( ... antitubercular agent A substance that kills or slows the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. and is used in the treatment of ... antitubercular agent A substance that kills or slows the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. and is used in the treatment of ... antiamoebic agent An antiparasitic agent which is effective against amoeba, a genus of single-celled amoeboids in the family ...
Drug-induced ocular side effects (Book, 2001) [WorldCat.org]
Antifungal agents. Antileprosy agents. Antimalarial agents. Antiprotozoal agents. Antitubercular agents --. 2. Agents affecting ... Antifungal agents. Antileprosy agents. Antimalarial agents. Antiprotozoal agents. Antitubercular agents -- 2. Agents affecting ... Oxytocic agents --. 9. Homeostatic and nutrient agents: Agents used to treat hyperglycemia. Vitamins --. 10. Agents used to ... Oxytocic agents -- 9. Homeostatic and nutrient agents: Agents used to treat hyperglycemia. Vitamins -- 10. Agents used to treat ...
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel quinoline-based carboxylic hydrazides as anti-tubercular agents. -...
... seventeen novel quinoline-based carboxylic hydrazides were designed as potential anti-tubercular agents using molecular ... Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel quinoline-based carboxylic hydrazides as anti-tubercular agents.. *. ... In this study, seventeen novel quinoline-based carboxylic hydrazides were designed as potential anti-tubercular agents using ... synthesis and biological evaluation of novel quinoline-based carboxylic hydrazides as anti-tubercular agents.}, author={Subhash ...
EARNEST Rifabutin Pharmacokinetics (PK) Substudy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
TBTC Study 23A: Pharmacokinetics of Intermittent Isoniazid and Rifabutin in HIV-TB - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
RCSB PDB - 478 Ligand Summary Page
TuberculosisPharmacologyIsoniazidDerivativesSynthesisMeSHAntimicrobial AgentsAntibioticsAntimalarialAnaloguesCompoundsSubstancesDrugsPotentPhenylInfectionsMinimum inhibitory coToxicity2018ClinicalRenalCausative agentAntifungal AgentsDiseasesRifampicinCompoundEvaluationAminoAntihypertensiveTreatmentMinor
Tuberculosis22
- A number of inhibitors of the essential Mycobacterium tuberculosis mycolic acid transporter, MmpL3, are currently under development as potential novel antituberculosis agents. (asm.org)
- Three (S)-prolinol-derived conformationally restricted analogues of the antitubercular agent ethambutol were prepared and tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (inserm.fr)
- In summary, DNA-minor groove binding agents may serve as molecular scaffolds for the design of highly efficient probes to treat M. tuberculosis infections. (eurekaselect.com)
- formulated a niosomal drug delivery system of antitubercular agents such as isoniazid that has exceptional potential for development into a low dose performed with effective treatment for tuberculosis [83]. (thefreedictionary.com)
- For use in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis when other antitubercular drugs have failed. (pharmacycode.com)
- Manual de normas y procedimientos técnicos para la bacteriolog'ia de la tuberculosis / Comité Asesor de la OPS/OMS en Bacteriolog'ia de la Tuberculosis. (who.int)
- Although TDM of first-line antitubercular drugs is used during the treatment of tuberculosis, the extent of any benefit achieved is currently unknown. (edu.qa)
- This review summarizes the available literature describing TDM of first-line treatment agents in patients with tuberculosis and describes clinical associations with achievement of target drug concentrations, including data from special populations. (edu.qa)
- A literature review was conducted for articles describing drug concentration and TDM outcomes for first-line tuberculosis agents in adults. (edu.qa)
- A series of triclosan mimic diphenyl ether derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. (manipal.edu)
- Aminosalicylic acid is an anti-mycobacterial agent used with other anti-tuberculosis drugs (most often isoniazid) for the treatment of all forms of active tuberculosis due to susceptible strains of tubercle bacilli. (rcsb.org)
- 1,4-azaindole, a potential drug candidate for treatment of tuberculosis.Antimicrob Agents Chemother. (tballiance.org)
- The emergence of resistance to antituberculosis drugs emphasize the necessity to discover new therapeutic agents for preferential tuberculosis therapy. (dovepress.com)
- The title compounds were also synthesized, characterized, and tested for ex vivo antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC27294) . (dovepress.com)
- The outer membrane (OM) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis , the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is distinctively characterized by the abundance of mycolic acids (MAs), C 60 -C 90 long-chain, branched fatty acids packed together to produce a bilayer with markedly reduced fluidity and permeability ( 1 ). (pnas.org)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease of which ~9 million new cases and ~1.7 million mortalities were reported for the year 2009 ( 1 ). (asm.org)
- Los objetivos de la presente investigación fueron los siguientes, atendiendo específicamente a los cuatro estados de los Estados Unidos que tienen frontera con México: 1) describir la situación epidemiológica de la tuberculosis, 2) identificar los factores de riesgo de contraer la enfermedad y 3) examinar las estrategias aplicadas en los programas antituberculosos. (scielosp.org)
- Durante el período de 1993 a 2001, 12 450 (76,7%) de los 16 223 casos de tuberculosis en residentes de Estados Unidos nacidos en México se notificaron en Arizona, California, Nuevo México y Texas. (scielosp.org)
- En esos cuatro estados en general, la incidencia de tuberculosis en 2001 en personas nacidas en México fue 5,0 veces mayor que en personas nacidas en Estados Unidos. (scielosp.org)
- Catalase-peroxidase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been exploited for the activation of the front-line antitubercular agent isoniazid to its antibiotic form. (auburn.edu)
- They were evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, multidrug resistance tuberculosis and extensively drug resistance tuberculosis by agar diffusion method and tested for the cytotoxic action on peripheral blood mononuclear cells by MTT assay. (wiley.com)
- Among all the tested compounds in the series, compounds 7 and 11 emerged as promising antitubercular agents at 16 μg/mL against multidrug resistance tuberculosis and over 64 μg/mL against extensively drug resistance tuberculosis. (wiley.com)
Pharmacology1
- Anti-Infective Agents publishes original research articles, full-length/mini reviews, drug clinical trial studies and guest edited issues on all the latest and outstanding developments on the medicinal chemistry, biology, pharmacology and use of anti-infective and anti-parasitic agents. (benthamscience.com)
Isoniazid4
- An antitubercular agent often administered in association with isoniazid. (rcsb.org)
- 2 The standard antitubercular treatment regimen, termed DOTS (Directly Observed Therapy, Short-course), is based on the co-administration of age-old drugs like isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RMP), ethambutol (EMB), and pyrazinamide (PZA) for the first two months, followed by a prolonged treatment with INH and RMP for additional 4-7 months with no guarantee of complete sterilization from the infection. (newdrugapprovals.org)
- The project aimed at the development of very robust, predictive and well-validated quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) that assisted us in the design of a series of new potentially active antitubercular compounds from particular relevant core structures, namely, isoniazid, thiobenzanilide, benzimidazole and indole scaffolds. (scienceportugal.com)
- In spite of a few new antitubercular candidates in phase II and III of the clinical global TB drug pipeline, isoniazid (INH), first synthesized in 1952, is still the treatment of choice for TB and is part of all WHO multidrug recommended regimens. (scienceportugal.com)
Derivatives5
- Some of these novel derivatives showed moderate to potent in-vitro antibacterial, antifungal and antitubercular activity. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
- Peoples, Isonicotinyl hydrazones as antitubercular agents and derivatives for identification of aldehydes and ketones, J. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Fifty molecules of 1,2,4-Triazole derivatives as potent antitubercular agents that were used in this study were obtained from the literature [4]. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel Isatin Derivatives as Antitubercular Agents. (1library.net)
- 3-[4-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl) phenyl]-5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives useful as potential anticancer agents and process for the preparation thereof. (iictindia.org)
Synthesis7
- Synthesis and biological evaluation of conformationally constrained analogues of the antitubercular agent ethambutol. (inserm.fr)
- A compound, usually an anti-bacterial agent or a toxin, which inhibits the synthesis of a protein. (ebi.ac.uk)
- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel quinoline-based carboxylic hydrazides as anti-tubercular agents. (semanticscholar.org)
- Herein, we reported the synthesis of a novel series of N-substituted amino acid hydrazides, utilising a scaffold hopping approach within a library of anti-tubercular agents. (ncl.ac.uk)
- antineoplastic a's ( antitumor a's ) a class of antineoplastic agents that apparently affect the function or the synthesis, or both, of nucleic acids and thus are cell cycle nonspecific. (thefreedictionary.com)
- these agents exert their action by inhibiting mucopeptide synthesis in bacterial plasma walls during multiplication of the organisms. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3,4,5-trimethoxy styrylarylamino Propenone as potential anticancer agents. (iictindia.org)
MeSH1
- Antitubercular Agents" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
Antimicrobial Agents3
- Thank you for sharing this Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy article. (asm.org)
- Message Body (Your Name) thought you would be interested in this article in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. (asm.org)
- These barriers reinforcing the need for development of new antimicrobial agents, that ideally should reduce the time of treatment and be active against susceptible and resistant strains. (frontiersin.org)
Antibiotics1
- Antibiotics that are sufficiently nontoxic to the host are used as chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of infectious diseases. (thefreedictionary.com)
Antimalarial1
- Antimalarial agents. (worldcat.org)
Analogues2
- This review describes the structural features of the DNA-minor groove, the requirements for small molecules to bind to this site and the remarkable biophysical and antibacterial properties of DNA-minor groove binding agents, including netropsin, distamycin and their poly-heterocyclic analogues, diamidines, benzimidazole-containing molecules, duocarmycins and pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepines (PBDs). (eurekaselect.com)
- New analogues of antitubercular drug PA-824 were synthesized, featuring alternative side chain ether linkers of varying size and flexibility, seeking drug candidates with enhanced metabolic stability and high efficacy. (nih.gov)
Compounds1
- Here, we used AlMu to evaluate our small compounds library to discover agents to develop new anti-BU treatment. (nature.com)
Substances1
- An agent and endogenous substances that antagonize or inhibit the development of new blood vessels. (ebi.ac.uk)
Drugs2
- Based on the antitubercular activity and druglikeness profile, it may be concluded that compound 10b could be a lead for future development of antitubercular drugs. (manipal.edu)
- Moreover, the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Mtb all over the world, together with significant levels of co-infection with HIV, makes the search for new antitubercular drugs a major public health challenge. (scienceportugal.com)
Potent1
- TB47 is highly potent against M. ulcerans and possesses desirable pharmacological attributes and low toxicity that warrant further assessment of this agent for treatment of BU. (nature.com)
Phenyl1
- It has been confirmed that there is an increase in hydrophobicity of the [OCH.sub.3] group at the C-4 position of the phenyl ring, which is attached to the azetidinone nucleus, which results in an increase in the antitubercular potency. (thefreedictionary.com)
Infections1
- 2 an antimicrobial agent, derived from cultures of a microorganism or produced semisynthetically, used to treat infections. (thefreedictionary.com)
Minimum inhibitory co1
- Among them, compound 10b was found to possess antitubercular activity (minimum inhibitory concentration =12.5 μg/mL) comparable to triclosan. (manipal.edu)
Toxicity1
- These reasons make a compelling case for an urgent need for new and effective antitubercular agents with improved properties such as enhanced activity against MDR strains, reduced toxicity, rapid mycobactericidal mechanism of action and the ability to penetrate host cells and exert antimycobacterial effects in the intracellular environment. (newdrugapprovals.org)
20181
- Anti-Infective Agents (2018) 16: 71. (eurekaselect.com)
Clinical3
- The scope of the journal covers all pre-clinical and clinical research on antimicrobials, antibacterials, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic agents. (benthamscience.com)
- Fibrin sealant agents: clinical application of TachoSil® in abdominal surgery. (bioportfolio.com)
- All participants reviewed relevant clinical published articles relating to tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1 blocking agents. (bmj.com)
Renal1
- 6. Cardiac, vascular, and renal agents: Agents used to treat migraine. (worldcat.org)
Causative agent1
- The causative agent, Mycobacterium ulcerans , secretes toxin called mycolactone that triggers inflammation and immunopathology. (nature.com)
Antifungal Agents1
- Antifungal agents. (worldcat.org)
Diseases3
- Antitubercular agents , Mycobacterium infection, Interstitial lung diseases. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The various study tools used were the patient profile form which recorded all the information, such as name, age, sex, socioeconomic status, life style factors and dietary factors and any concurrent diseases and medications other than antitubercular agents that the patients might be taking. (thefreedictionary.com)
- They had expertise in the use of biological agents for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. (bmj.com)
Rifampicin1
- These structures were explored for the targeted detection of the anti-tubercular agent rifampicin. (springer.com)
Compound1
- One propynyloxy-linked compound displayed an 89-fold higher efficacy than the parent drug in the acute model, and it was slightly superior to antitubercular drug OPC-67683 in a chronic infection model. (nih.gov)
Evaluation1
- Evaluation of use of risedronate as an antibiofilm agent. (profeccoutinho.net.in)
Amino1
- Amino acids as selective sulfonamide acylating agents. (up.pt)
Antihypertensive1
- Antihypertensive agents. (worldcat.org)
Treatment2
- For the treatment of HIV-1 infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents. (rcsb.org)
- Paradoxical response refers to the enlargement of old lesions or unexpected appearance of new lesions after initial improvement following treatment with antitubercular agents . (bvsalud.org)
Minor2
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Antitubercular Agents" by people in this website by year, and whether "Antitubercular Agents" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
- DNA-Minor Groove Binding Agents as Anti-Tubercular Probes. (eurekaselect.com)