OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsGeographicals
Antitubercular AgentsMycobacterium tuberculosisStructure-Activity RelationshipMicrobial Sensitivity TestsThioacetazoneIsoniazidAntibiotics, AntitubercularRifampinEthambutolTuberculosis, OcularTuberculosisPyrazinamideNitroimidazolesEthylenediaminesNigellaCryoanesthesiaEthionamideAdamantaneTuberculosis, OsteoarticularMycolic AcidsTuberculosis, GastrointestinalPhenothiazinesTuberculosis, Male GenitalTuberculoma, IntracranialTuberculosis, CutaneousTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantTuberculosis, PulmonaryDrug Dosage CalculationsMolecular StructureDrug DiscoverySouth AfricaOxazolesStreptomycin
Antitubercular Agents
Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: "first-line" agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and "second-line" drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that produces TUBERCULOSIS in humans, other primates, CATTLE; DOGS; and some other animals which have contact with humans. Growth tends to be in serpentine, cordlike masses in which the bacilli show a parallel orientation.
Structure-Activity Relationship
The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).
Thioacetazone
A thiosemicarbazone that is used in association with other antimycobacterial agents in the initial and continuation phases of antituberculosis regimens. Thiacetazone containing regimens are less effective than the short-course regimen recommended by the International Union Against Tuberculosis and are used in some developing countries to reduce drug costs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p217)
Isoniazid
Antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic. It remains the treatment of choice for tuberculosis.
Antibiotics, Antitubercular
Substances obtained from various species of microorganisms that are, alone or in combination with other agents, of use in treating various forms of tuberculosis; most of these agents are merely bacteriostatic, induce resistance in the organisms, and may be toxic.
Rifampin
A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)
Ethambutol
An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863)
Tuberculosis, Ocular
Tuberculous infection of the eye, primarily the iris, ciliary body, and choroid.
Tuberculosis
Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM.
Pyrazinamide
A pyrazine that is used therapeutically as an antitubercular agent.
Nitroimidazoles
Ethylenediamines
Nigella
A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE.
Cryoanesthesia
ANESTHESIA achieved by lowering either BODY TEMPERATURE (core cooling) or SKIN TEMPERATURE (external cooling).
Ethionamide
A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.
Adamantane
A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon.
Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular
Tuberculosis of the bones or joints.
Mycolic Acids
Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal
TUBERCULOSIS that involves any region of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, mostly in the distal ILEUM and the CECUM. In most cases, MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS is the pathogen. Clinical features include ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and palpable mass in the ileocecal area.
Phenothiazines
Compounds containing dibenzo-1,4-thiazine. Some of them are neuroactive.
Tuberculosis, Male Genital
MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the male reproductive tract (GENITALIA, MALE).
Tuberculoma, Intracranial
A well-circumscribed mass composed of tuberculous granulation tissue that may occur in the cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum, brain stem, or perimeningeal spaces. Multiple lesions are quite common. Management of intracranial manifestations vary with lesion site. Intracranial tuberculomas may be associated with SEIZURES, focal neurologic deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. Spinal cord tuberculomas may be associated with localized or radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, and incontinence. Tuberculomas may arise as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS, but also occur in immunocompetent individuals.
Tuberculosis, Cutaneous
Tuberculosis of the skin. It includes scrofuloderma and tuberculid, but not LUPUS VULGARIS.
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
Tuberculosis resistant to chemotherapy with two or more ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS, including at least ISONIAZID and RIFAMPICIN. The problem of resistance is particularly troublesome in tuberculous OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS associated with HIV INFECTIONS. It requires the use of second line drugs which are more toxic than the first line regimens. TB with isolates that have developed further resistance to at least three of the six classes of second line drugs is defined as EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS.
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.
Drug Dosage Calculations
Math calculations done for preparing appropriate doses of medicines, taking into account conversions of WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. Mistakes are one of the sources of MEDICATION ERRORS.
Molecular Structure
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.
Drug Discovery
The process of finding chemicals for potential therapeutic use.
South Africa
A republic in southern Africa, the southernmost part of Africa. It has three capitals: Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), and Bloemfontein (judicial). Officially the Republic of South Africa since 1960, it was called the Union of South Africa 1910-1960.
Oxazoles
Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.
Streptomycin
An antibiotic produced by the soil actinomycete Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting the initiation and elongation processes during protein synthesis.

Epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Texas. (1/3795)

During 1987-1996, over 22,000 tuberculosis cases were reported in Texas, at an average annual incidence rate of 12.5 cases per 100,000 population. Counties with the highest rates were located along the Mexico-Texas border and in northwestern Texas. Nine percent of cases were resistant to at least one of the five first-line antituberculosis drugs used for treatment. Almost 5 percent (4.6%) were resistant to isoniazid, either alone or in combination with other antibiotics; 2.3% were resistant to rifampin; and only 1.3% were resistant to both isoniazid and rifampin. Being a recurrent case, being foreign-born, being 20-39 years of age, and residing in a Mexico-Texas border county were independent risk factors for isoniazid resistance and rifampin resistance. Tuberculosis patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were more likely to have rifampin resistance and less likely to have isoniazid resistance than patients without HIV infection. Factors associated with multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis included a history of previous tuberculosis (relative risk (RR) = 4.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.5-6.8), non-US birth (RR = 2.69, 95% CI 2.1-3.5), age younger than 20 years (RR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.1-3.5), age 20-39 years (RR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.3-2.6), and residence in a Mexico-Texas border county (RR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.8-3.1).  (+info)

Issues in the treatment of active tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. (2/3795)

Most HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis can be treated satisfactorily with standard regimens with expectations of good results. Treatment of tuberculosis in these patients has been complicated by the introduction of HAART, which relies on drugs that interfere with the most potent class of antituberculous medications. Rifampin-free regimens or regimens that employ rifabutin may be acceptable strategies for patients who are receiving protease inhibitors, although these regimens have not been rigorously evaluated in patients with AIDS. At present, there is good reason to believe that a 6-month course of a rifabutin-containing regimen or a 9-12-month course of a regimen of streptomycin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide should be adequate therapy for most patients with drug-susceptible disease. As the treatment of HIV infection with antiretroviral agents evolves, the treatment of tuberculosis in patients with AIDS is likely to evolve as well. This will require careful coordination of antituberculosis and antiretroviral therapies.  (+info)

Reduced pyrazinamidase activity and the natural resistance of Mycobacterium kansasii to the antituberculosis drug pyrazinamide. (3/3795)

Pyrazinamide (PZA), an analog of nicotinamide, is a prodrug that requires conversion to the bactericidal compound pyrazinoic acid (POA) by the bacterial pyrazinamidase (PZase) activity of nicotinamidase to show activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mutations leading to a loss of PZase activity cause PZA resistance in M. tuberculosis. M. kansasii is naturally resistant to PZA and has reduced PZase activity along with an apparently detectable nicotinamidase activity. The role of the reduction in PZase activity in the natural PZA resistance of M. kansasii is unknown. The MICs of PZA and POA for M. kansasii were determined to be 500 and 125 micrograms/ml, respectively. Using [14C]PZA and [14C]nicotinamide, we found that M. kansasii had about 5-fold-less PZase activity and about 25-fold-less nicotinamidase activity than M. tuberculosis. The M. kansasii pncA gene was cloned on a 1.8-kb BamHI DNA fragment, using M. avium pncA probe. Sequence analysis showed that the M. kansasii pncA gene encoded a protein with homology to its counterparts from M. tuberculosis (69.9%), M. avium (65.6%), and Escherichia coli (28.5%). Transformation of naturally PZA-resistant M. bovis BCG with M. kansasii pncA conferred partial PZA susceptibility. Transformation of M. kansasii with M. avium pncA caused functional expression of PZase and high-level susceptibility to PZA, indicating that the natural PZA resistance in M. kansasii results from a reduced PZase activity. Like M. tuberculosis, M. kansasii accumulated POA in the cells at an acidic pH; however, due to its highly active POA efflux pump, the naturally PZA-resistant species M. smegmatis did not. These findings suggest the existence of a weak POA efflux mechanism in M. kansasii.  (+info)

Pharmacokinetics of ethambutol under fasting conditions, with food, and with antacids. (4/3795)

Ethambutol (EMB) is the most frequent "fourth drug" used for the empiric treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a frequently used drug for infections caused by Mycobacterium avium complex. The pharmacokinetics of EMB in serum were studied with 14 healthy males and females in a randomized, four-period crossover study. Subjects ingested single doses of EMB of 25 mg/kg of body weight under fasting conditions twice, with a high-fat meal, and with aluminum-magnesium antacid. Serum was collected for 48 h and assayed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Data were analyzed by noncompartmental methods and by a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model with zero-order absorption and first-order elimination. Both fasting conditions produced similar results: a mean (+/- standard deviation) EMB maximum concentration of drug in serum (Cmax) of 4.5 +/- 1.0 micrograms/ml, time to maximum concentration of drug in serum (Tmax) of 2.5 +/- 0.9 h, and area under the concentration-time curve from 0 h to infinity (AUC0-infinity) of 28.9 +/- 4.7 micrograms.h/ml. In the presence of antacids, subjects had a mean Cmax of 3.3 +/- 0.5 micrograms/ml, Tmax of 2.9 +/- 1.2 h, and AUC0-infinity of 27.5 +/- 5.9 micrograms.h/ml. In the presence of the Food and Drug Administration high-fat meal, subjects had a mean Cmax of 3.8 +/- 0.8 micrograms/ml, Tmax of 3.2 +/- 1.3 h, and AUC0-infinity of 29.6 +/- 4.7 micrograms.h/ml. These reductions in Cmax, delays in Tmax, and modest reductions in AUC0-infinity can be avoided by giving EMB on an empty stomach whenever possible.  (+info)

Use of site-directed mutagenesis to probe the structure, function and isoniazid activation of the catalase/peroxidase, KatG, from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (5/3795)

A series of mutants bearing single amino acid substitutions often encountered in the catalase/peroxidase, KatG, from isoniazid-resistant isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been produced by site-directed mutagenesis. The resultant enzymes were overexpressed, purified and characterized. Replacing Cys-20 by Ser abolished disulphide-bridge formation, but did not affect either dimerization of the enzyme or catalysis. The substitution of Thr-275, which is probably involved in electron transfer from the haem, by proline resulted in a highly unstable enzyme with insignificant enzyme activities. The most commonly occurring substitution in drug-resistant clinical isolates is the replacement of Ser-315 by Thr; this lowered catalase and peroxidase activities by 50% and caused a significant decrease in the KatG-mediated inhibition of the activity of the NADH-dependent enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] reductase, InhA, in vitro. The ability of this enzyme to produce free radicals from isoniazid was severely impaired, as judged by its loss of NitroBlue Tetrazolium reduction activity. Replacement of Leu-587 by Pro resulted in marked instability of KatG, indicating that the C-terminal domain is also important for structural and functional integrity.  (+info)

Susceptibility of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to amoxycillin in combination with clavulanic acid and ethambutol. (6/3795)

Thirty clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 20 of which were multidrug-resistant (MDR), were tested for susceptibility to different combinations of amoxycillin, clavulanic acid and subinhibitory concentrations of ethambutol. beta-Lactamase production was assessed semiquantitatively with the nitrocefin method and susceptibility testing was performed with the BACTEC method. All isolates were beta-lactamase positive and were resistant to 16 mg/L amoxycillin. The MIC of amoxycillin in combination with clavulanic acid was > or =2 mg/L for 27/30 (90%) isolates. Addition of subinhibitory concentrations of ethambutol significantly reduced the MIC of amoxycillin for all tested isolates. Twenty-nine (97%) isolates had an MIC of amoxycillin of < or =0.5 mg/L when subinhibitory concentrations of ethambutol were added; this is well below the concentrations achievable in serum and tissue.  (+info)

Molecular evidence for heterogeneity of the multiple-drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis population in Scotland (1990 to 1997). (7/3795)

Multiple-drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-MTB) has been well studied in hospitals or health care institutions and in human immunodeficiency virus-infected populations. However, the characteristics of MDR-MTB in the community have not been well investigated. An understanding of its prevalence and circulation within the community will help to estimate the problem and optimize the strategies for control and prevention of its development and transmission. In this study, MDR-MTB isolates from Scotland collected between 1990 and 1997 were characterized, along with non-drug-resistant isolates. The results showed that they were genetically diverse, suggesting they were unrelated to each other and had probably evolved independently. Several new alleles of rpoB, katG, and ahpC were identified: rpoB codon 525 (ACC-->AAC; Thr525Asn); katG codon 128 (CGG-->CAG; Arg128Gln) and codon 291 (GCT-->CCT; Ala291Pro); and the ahpC synonymous substitution at codon 6 (ATT-->ATC). One of the MDR-MTB isolates from an Asian patient had an IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern very similar to that of the MDR-MTB W strain and had the same drug resistance-related alleles but did not have any epidemiological connection with the W strains. Additionally, a cluster of M. tuberculosis isolates was identified in our collection of 715 clinical isolates; the isolates in this cluster had genetic backgrounds very similar to those of the W strains, one of which had already developed multiple drug resistances. The diverse population of MDR-MTB in Scotland, along with a low incidence of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis, has implications for the control of the organism and prevention of its spread.  (+info)

Rapid film-based determination of antibiotic susceptibilities of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains by using a luciferase reporter phage and the Bronx Box. (8/3795)

Detecting antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is becoming increasingly important with the global recognition of drug-resistant strains and their adverse impact on clinical outcomes. Current methods of susceptibility testing are either time-consuming or costly; rapid, reliable, simple, and inexpensive methods would be highly desirable, especially in the developing world where most tuberculosis is found. The luciferase reporter phage is a unique reagent well-suited for this purpose: upon infection with viable mycobacteria, it produces quantifiable light which is not observed in mycobacterial cells treated with active antimicrobials. In this report, we describe a modification of our original assay, which allows detection of the emitted light with a Polaroid film box designated the Bronx Box. The technique has been applied to 25 M. tuberculosis reference and clinical strains, and criteria are presented which allow rapid and simple discrimination among strains susceptible or resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, the major antituberculosis agents.  (+info)

Evaluation of microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay for diagnosis of multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Viet Nam |...Evaluation of microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay for diagnosis of multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Viet Nam |...
Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) is important for the elimination of TB. We evaluated the microscopic observation drug susceptibility (MODS) assay as a direct rapid drug susceptibility testing (DST) method for MDR-TB screening in sputum samples All adult TB suspects, who were newly presenting to Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital from August to November 2008 were enrolled into the study. Processed sputum samples were used for DST by MODS (DST-MODS) (Rifampicin (RIF) 1 μg/ml and Isoniazid (INH) 0.4 μg/ml), MGIT culture (Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube) and Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) culture. Cultures positive by either MGIT or LJ were used for proportional DST (DST-LJ) (RIF 40 μg/ml and INH 0.2 μg/ml). DST profiles on MODS and LJ were compared. Discrepant results were resolved by multiplex allele specific PCR (MAS-PCR). Seven hundred and nine TB suspects/samples were enrolled into the study, of which 300 samples with DST profiles available from both MODS and
https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2334-12-49
IN VITRO STUDY OF URSOLIC ACID COMBINATION FIRST-LINE ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUGS AGAINST DRUG-SENSITIVE AND DRUG-RESISTANT STRAINS...IN VITRO STUDY OF URSOLIC ACID COMBINATION FIRST-LINE ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUGS AGAINST DRUG-SENSITIVE AND DRUG-RESISTANT STRAINS...
IN VITRO STUDY OF URSOLIC ACID COMBINATION FIRST-LINE ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUGS AGAINST DRUG-SENSITIVE AND DRUG-RESISTANT STRAINS OF Mycobacterium tuberculosis
https://innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ajpcr/article/view/16582
In vitro effect of three-drug combinations of antituberculous agents against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis...In vitro effect of three-drug combinations of antituberculous agents against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis...
TY - JOUR. T1 - In vitro effect of three-drug combinations of antituberculous agents against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. AU - Rey-Jurado, Emma. AU - Tudó, Griselda. AU - De La Bellacasa, Jorge Puig. AU - Espasa, Mateu. AU - González-Martín, Julian. PY - 2013/3/1. Y1 - 2013/3/1. N2 - Multidrug resistance has become a problem in the management of tuberculosis, leading to an urgent need for research related to new regimens including the currently available drugs. The objectives of this study were: (i) to study the effect of the following second-choice three-drug combinations against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and drug-susceptible clinical isolates (levofloxacin, linezolid and ethambutol; levofloxacin, amikacin and ethambutol; and levofloxacin, linezolid and amikacin); and (ii) to compare the effect of these combinations with an isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol combination against drug-susceptible clinical isolates. A total of 9 MDR clinical and 12 drug-susceptible ...
https://portalrecerca.uab.cat/en/publications/in-vitro-effect-of-three-drug-combinations-of-antituberculous-age
Safety and Efficacy of Two Once Daily Anti Retroviral Treatment Regimens Along With Anti-tuberculosis Treatment - Full Text...Safety and Efficacy of Two Once Daily Anti Retroviral Treatment Regimens Along With Anti-tuberculosis Treatment - Full Text...
Description of Agent or Intervention:. The study intervention is to start patients with HIV and tuberculosis on anti-retroviral treatment along with the continuation phase of anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT)ie after completion of first two months of treatment. The anti-TB regimen used in this trial will be 2EHRZ3/4RH3. Two different once-daily regimens are being compared for their efficacy and adverse event profile, namely ddI + 3TC + NVP versus ddI + 3TC + EFZ. The primary aim is to study the outcome of patients treated with both ART and ATT at 6 months (24 weeks of ART). A secondary objective is to compare the utility of partially supervised directly observed treatment with unsupervised administration of anti-retroviral drugs.. Patients with HIV-1 infection and active tuberculosis (pulmonary and extrapulmonary) will be started on a four-drug intermittent short-course anti-TB regimen on recruitment to the trial. They will be randomized at the end of intensive phase of ATT to receive either of ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00332306?order=89
Safety and Efficacy of Two Once Daily Anti Retroviral Treatment Regimens Along With Anti-tuberculosis Treatment - Full Text...Safety and Efficacy of Two Once Daily Anti Retroviral Treatment Regimens Along With Anti-tuberculosis Treatment - Full Text...
Description of Agent or Intervention:. The study intervention is to start patients with HIV and tuberculosis on anti-retroviral treatment along with the continuation phase of anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT)ie after completion of first two months of treatment. The anti-TB regimen used in this trial will be 2EHRZ3/4RH3. Two different once-daily regimens are being compared for their efficacy and adverse event profile, namely ddI + 3TC + NVP versus ddI + 3TC + EFZ. The primary aim is to study the outcome of patients treated with both ART and ATT at 6 months (24 weeks of ART). A secondary objective is to compare the utility of partially supervised directly observed treatment with unsupervised administration of anti-retroviral drugs.. Patients with HIV-1 infection and active tuberculosis (pulmonary and extrapulmonary) will be started on a four-drug intermittent short-course anti-TB regimen on recruitment to the trial. They will be randomized at the end of intensive phase of ATT to receive either of ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00332306?order=209
Implementation of a national anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey in Tanzania - GOV.UKImplementation of a national anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey in Tanzania - GOV.UK
Background. A drug resistance survey is an essential public health management tool for evaluating and improving the performance of National Tuberculosis control programmes. The current manuscript describes the implementation of the first national drug resistance survey in Tanzania. Methods. Description of the implementation process of a national anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey in Tanzania, in relation to the study protocol and Standard Operating Procedures. Results. Factors contributing positively to the implementation of the survey were a continuous commitment of the key stakeholders, the existence of a well organized National Tuberculosis Programme, and a detailed design of cluster-specific arrangements for rapid sputum transportation. Factors contributing negatively to the implementation were a long delay between training and actual survey activities, limited monitoring of activities, and an unclear design of the data capture forms leading to difficulties in form-filling. Conclusion. ...
https://www.gov.uk/dfid-research-outputs/implementation-of-a-national-anti-tuberculosis-drug-resistance-survey-in-tanzania
Rapid determination of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance from whole-genome sequences | Genome Medicine | Full TextRapid determination of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance from whole-genome sequences | Genome Medicine | Full Text
Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance (DR) challenges effective tuberculosis disease control. Current molecular tests examine limited numbers of mutations, and although whole genome sequencing approaches could fully characterise DR, data complexity has restricted their clinical application. A library (1,325 mutations) predictive of DR for 15 anti-tuberculosis drugs was compiled and validated for 11 of them using genomic-phenotypic data from 792 strains. A rapid online TB-Profiler tool was developed to report DR and strain-type profiles directly from raw sequences. Using our DR mutation library, in silico diagnostic accuracy was superior to some commercial diagnostics and alternative databases. The library will facilitate sequence-based drug-susceptibility testing.
https://genomemedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13073-015-0164-0/tables/1
Synthesis and biological evaluation of conformationally constrained analogues of the antitubercular agent ethambutol. - Inserm
Three (S)-prolinol-derived conformationally restricted analogues of the antitubercular agent ethambutol were prepared and tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
https://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00409609
Synthesis and Antitubercular Activity of 2-(substituted phenyl/benzyl-amino)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-4-methyl-3...Synthesis and Antitubercular Activity of 2-(substituted phenyl/benzyl-amino)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-4-methyl-3...
A series of 2-(substituted phenyl/benzyl-amino)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-4-methyl-3,6-dihydropyrimidin-1-ium chlorides 7-13 and 15 was synthesized in their hydrochloride salt form. The title compounds were characterized by FT-IR, NMR (1H and 13C) and elemental analysis. They were evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, multidrug resistance tuberculosis and extensively drug resistance tuberculosis by agar diffusion method and tested for the cytotoxic action on peripheral blood mononuclear cells by MTT assay. Among all the tested compounds in the series, compounds 7 and 11 emerged as promising antitubercular agents at 16 μg/mL against multidrug resistance tuberculosis and over 64 μg/mL against extensively drug resistance tuberculosis. The conformational features and supramolecular assembly of the promising compounds 7 and 11 were determined by single crystal X-ray study. ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cbdd.12065/full?globalMessage=0
Global trends in resistance to antituberculosis drugs World He | GABA Pathway
Global trends in resistance to antituberculosis drugs. World Health Organization-International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Working Group on Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance.. N Engl J Med 2001,344(17):1294-1303.PubMedCrossRef 4. Van Rie A, Enarson D: XDR tuberculosis: an indicator of public-health negligence. Lancet 2006,368(9547):1554-1556.PubMedCrossRef 5. Daffe M, Draper see more P: The envelope layers of mycobacteria with reference to their pathogenicity. Adv Microb Physiol 1998, 39:131-203.PubMedCrossRef 6. Lee RE, Brennan PJ, Besra GS: Mycobacteriumtuberculosis cell envelope. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 1996, 215:1-27.PubMed 7. Zhang Y, Telenti A: Genetics of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis . In Ulixertinib purchase Molecular genetics of mycobacteria. Edited by: Hatfull GF, Jacobs WR Jr. Washington, D.C.: ASM Press; 2000:235-254. 8. Jackson M, Crick DC, Brennan PJ: Phosphatidylinositol is an essential phospholipid of mycobacteria. J Biol Chem ...
https://gabapathway.com/global-trends-in-resistance-to-antituberculosis-drugs-world-he/
Comparative analysis of M. tuberculosis drug susceptibility tests results in new multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases and...Comparative analysis of M. tuberculosis drug susceptibility tests results in new multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases and...
The ERS-education website provides centralised access to all educational material produced by the European Respiratory Society. It is the worlds largest CME collection for lung diseases and treatment offering high quality e-learning and teaching resources for respiratory specialists. This distance learning portal contains up-to-date study material for the state-of-the-art in Pulmonology.
https://www.ers-education.org/lr/show-details/?idP=243931
Review of Evidence for Measuring Drug Concentrations of First-Line Antitubercular Agents in AdultsReview of Evidence for Measuring Drug Concentrations of First-Line Antitubercular Agents in Adults
Measurement of drug concentrations and performing therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) are widely used to optimize efficacy and safety of many commonly used drugs today. Although TDM of first-line antitubercular drugs is used during the treatment of tuberculosis, the extent of any benefit achieved is currently unknown. This review summarizes the available literature describing TDM of first-line treatment agents in patients with tuberculosis and describes clinical associations with achievement of target drug concentrations, including data from special populations. A literature review was conducted for articles describing drug concentration and TDM outcomes for first-line tuberculosis agents in adults. A total of 40 studies were included in the review. Studies were a mixture of controlled trials, observational studies, cross-sectional studies, and case reports. The majority of the studies showed standard dosing does not consistently achieve target concentrations for the first-line antitubercular ...
http://qspace.qu.edu.qa/handle/10576/4153
Incidence and risk factors of major toxicity associated to first-line antituberculosis drugs for latent and active tuberculosis...
Adverse reactions. The most frequent ADR was hepatitis. Five of these patients were alcoholic, two had a previous history of chronic liver disease and one was HIV-positive. Asymptomatic hepatotoxicity occurred in 35 cases and the remaining 18 were symptomatic. The most common symptoms were nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. One female patient with no history of comorbid conditions had a poor outcome and needed liver transplantation while all others had complete liver transaminases normalization.. Rash occurred in five cases, with itchiness in three of them, and was the second most frequent adverse reaction.. One patient with chronic inflammatory arthritis and LTBI suffered gastrointestinal toxicity associated to RIF. One other patient with LTBI and no significant comorbid conditions had an episode of angioedema 25 days after initiating INH plus RIF anti-TB regimen which was subsequently interrupted. EMB was responsible for one single case of ocular toxicity in a patient with genitourinary TB ...
http://www.elsevier.pt/en/revistas/revista-portuguesa-pneumologia-420/artigo/incidence-risk-factors-major-toxicity-associated-first-line-antituberculosis-X0873215915188424
Effect of Immunomodulator Dzherelo In HIV/TB co-Infected patients receiving anti-tuberculosis therapy under DOTS - Міжнародна...Effect of Immunomodulator Dzherelo In HIV/TB co-Infected patients receiving anti-tuberculosis therapy under DOTS - Міжнародна...
Effect of Immunomodulator Dzherelo In HIV/TB co-Infected patients receiving anti-tuberculosis therapy under DOTS. Міжнародна діяльність. Екомед
http://www.ekomed.com.ua/ua/International-activity/249.html
Changes in CD4+ T-cells and HIV RNA resulting from combination of anti-TB therapy with Dzherelo in TB/HIV dually infected...Changes in CD4+ T-cells and HIV RNA resulting from combination of anti-TB therapy with Dzherelo in TB/HIV dually infected...
Changes in CD4+ T-cells and HIV RNA resulting from combination of anti-TB therapy with Dzherelo in TB/HIV dually infected patients. Международная деятельность. Экомед
http://www.ekomed.com.ua/ru/International-activity/252.html
Antituberculosis Drugs Manufacturer,Antituberculosis Drugs Exporter From India
UNITED BIOTECH (P) LTD is Manufacturer and exporter of Antituberculosis Drugs,Atorvastatin Tablets,Ganciclovir Capsules,Heparin Injection based in Delhi,In
http://www.unitedbiotechindia.net/antituberculosis-drugs.html
SID.ir | SYNTHESIS AND ANTITUBERCULAR ACTIVITY OF NEW N,N-DIARYL-4-(4,5-DICHLOROIMIDAZOLE-2-YL)-1,4-DIHYDRO-2,6-DIMETHYL-3,5...SID.ir | SYNTHESIS AND ANTITUBERCULAR ACTIVITY OF NEW N,N-DIARYL-4-(4,5-DICHLOROIMIDAZOLE-2-YL)-1,4-DIHYDRO-2,6-DIMETHYL-3,5...
Download Free Full-Text of an article SYNTHESIS AND ANTITUBERCULAR ACTIVITY OF NEW N,N-DIARYL-4-(4,5-DICHLOROIMIDAZOLE-2-YL)-1,4-DIHYDRO-2,6-DIMETHYL-3,5-PYRIDINEDICARBOXAMIDES
https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=103511
Recent Development and Future Perspective of Antitubercular Therapy | Bentham ScienceRecent Development and Future Perspective of Antitubercular Therapy | Bentham Science
Title: Recent Development and Future Perspective of Antitubercular Therapy. VOLUME: 9 ISSUE: 2. Author(s):Mahesh Chhabria, Shailesh Patel and Mitesh Jani. Affiliation:Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380 009, India.. Keywords:Mycobacterium tuberculosis, MDR, &, XDR TB, novel targets, ligands. Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) has remained an enemy of humankind before the beginning of recorded history. Although it is curable and preventable, TB claims the lives of more than 5,000 people every day. Despite of availability of effective chemotherapy and BCG vaccine in 21st century, TB remains one of the most deadly infectious diseases. The concomitant resurgence of TB with the Multi-drug resistant (MDR) or Extremely drug resistant (XDR)-TB and HIV/AIDS pandemic raises the threat posed by untreatable and fatal human TB, exposing the frailties of the current drug armatorium. No new drug is available acting through novel mechanism since last 40 years. The ...
https://www.eurekaselect.com/71801/article
Prediction of Susceptibility to First-Line Tuberculosis Drugs by DNA Sequencing. - MIDASPrediction of Susceptibility to First-Line Tuberculosis Drugs by DNA Sequencing. - MIDAS
We obtained whole-genome sequences and associated phenotypes of resistance or susceptibility to the first-line antituberculosis drugs isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide for isolates from 16 countries across six continents. For each isolate, mutations associated with drug resistance and drug susceptibility were identified across nine genes, and individual phenotypes were predicted unless mutations of unknown association were also present. To identify how whole-genome sequencing might direct first-line drug therapy, complete susceptibility profiles were predicted. These profiles were predicted to be susceptible to all four drugs (i.e., pansusceptible) if they were predicted to be susceptible to isoniazid and to the other drugs or if they contained mutations of unknown association in genes that affect susceptibility to the other drugs. We simulated the way in which the negative predictive value changed with the prevalence of drug resistance ...
https://midasnetwork.us/papers/prediction-of-susceptibility-to-first-line-tuberculosis-drugs-by-dna-sequencing/
Second-line anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations for susceptibility testing in the MODS assay - LSHTM Research Online |...Second-line anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations for susceptibility testing in the MODS assay - LSHTM Research Online |...
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) threatens TB control worldwide. The microscopic observation drug susceptibility (MODS) assay is a low-cost, high-performance TB diagnostic tool for rapid liquid culture and direct isoniazid and rifampicin drug susceptibility testing (DST). The objective of this study was to explore the potential for extending the MODS assay to rapid second-line DST and to identify critical concentrations of candidate drugs for prospective testing. Sputum samples from 94 TB culture-positive patients receiving second-line TB agents were cultured following standardised MODS protocols, with a range of titrations of antimicrobial drugs added. Critical concentrations were determined using a modified Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis. Candidate critical concentrations were determined for capreomycin (10 mu g.mL(-1)), ciprofloxacin (1.25 mu g.mL(-1)), cycloserine (40 mu g.mL(-1)), ethambutol (10 mu g.mL(-1)), ethionamide (5 mu g.mL(-1)), kanamycin (5 mu g.mL(-1)) ...
http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/989801/
Quantitative Drug Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Use of MGIT 960 and EpiCenter Instrumentation |...Quantitative Drug Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Use of MGIT 960 and EpiCenter Instrumentation |...
With the global rise of MDR strains, there is an increasing need to determine susceptibility to first and second-line anti-TB agents exactly. Treatment of patients with drug-resistant TB should be based on reliable and quantitative measures of susceptibility testing, a cornerstone for preventing further amplification of resistance (18) and for optimally exploiting available compounds. Detailed knowledge on quantitative drug resistance may guide empirical treatment of drug-resistant TB, e.g., addressing whether and when to add second-line drugs. A fundamental drawback to this strategy is that even in industrialized countries, only a limited panel of anti-TB drug concentrations is tested, leaving the exact resistance level of clinical M. tuberculosis isolates vestigial. In principle, automatic systems have the potential to meet the challenge of precise determinations of drug resistance levels with reasonable labor input. The MGIT 960 platform has been extensively validated for testing ...
https://jcm.asm.org/content/47/6/1773
The Effect of Initial Drug Resistance on Treatment Response and Acquired Drug Resistance during Standardized Short-Course...
Background. In Tomsk Oblast, Russian Federation, during the period of 1996-2000, most previously untreated patients with tuberculosis received standardized short-course chemotherapy, irrespective of drug-susceptibility testing results. A retrospective analysis was done to determine the effect of initial drug resistance on treatment outcome and acquired drug resistance in new patients receiving standardized short-course chemotherapy.. Methods. During the period of 1 November 1996 through 31 December 2000, a total of 2194 patients received a category 1 treatment regimen. Drug susceptibility test results for 1681 patients were available for analysis. Drug resistance patterns before and during treatment were compared for 73 patients whose culture results were persistently positive during treatment. Acquired resistance was defined as new drug resistance (during or at the end of treatment) that was not present at the beginning of treatment.. Results. Pretreatment drug resistance was strongly ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1086/425005
Malnourished children in India below three years are underdosed for first-line TB drugs - Science ChronicleMalnourished children in India below three years are underdosed for first-line TB drugs - Science Chronicle
The ultimate goal of evidence-based drug treatment is to produce a desired pharmacological response in a predictable manner and also to minimise adverse effects, notes a June 2013 paper published in the International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. The two goals can be achieved only when the correct therapeutic drug dosage of anti-TB drugs required by children, particularly those younger than five years, and the age-related differences in toxicity and pharmacokinetics are well studied and known.. Pharmacokinetics is the metabolism of the drugs in humans, Dr. Peter R. Donald, Emeritus Professor in the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health of the Faculty of Health Sciences at Stellenbosch University, South Africa said in an email to this Correspondent. The pharmacokinetics of first-line anti-TB drugs is not known for children younger than two years.. Since children have relatively greater mass of liver in proportion to total body weight, they metabolise and eliminate drugs ...
https://journosdiary.com/2016/01/14/malnourished-children-in-india-below-three-years-are-underdosed-for-first-line-tb-drugs/
TB Alliance Sublicenses Promising Anti-Tuberculosis Drug from the Medicines Patent Pool | Africa Science News
TB is the cause of the largest killer of humanity, killing nearly 2 million people each year. The poor efficacy of existing TB drugs requires that they be administered in a multi drug regimen for at least six months. This results in poor patient compliance and leads to development of multidrug-‐resistant TB (MDR-‐TB) and extremely drug-‐resistant TB (XDR-‐TB). Decades of misuse of existing antibiotics and poor compliance have created an epidemic of drug resistance that threatens TB control programs worldwide ...
http://africasciencenews.org/tb-alliance-sublicenses-promising-anti-tuberculosis-drug-from-the-medicines-patent-pool
The effects of antituberculous drugs on the catalase-activities of sensitive and resistant strains of human type tubercle...The effects of antituberculous drugs on the catalase-activities of sensitive and resistant strains of human type tubercle...
Semantic Scholar extracted view of [The effects of antituberculous drugs on the catalase-activities of sensitive and resistant strains of human type tubercle bacilli]. by Yoshio Nakano
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-effects-of-antituberculous-drugs-on-the-catal-Nakano/8f9271c485f366d747d8fc6dba8ff551b52a7084
Lifescience Marketplace - Highlighted Products #37Lifescience Marketplace - Highlighted Products #37
Lifescience Marketplace - Highlighted Products #37. Biotech 365 : news about Biotech Companies, Lifescience Tools, Biotechnology, and Biopharma.
http://biotech-365.com/lifescience-marketplace-highlighted-products-37/
ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS (TB) DRUGS Archives - Microbiology Class
Anti-tuberculosis drugs are groups of antimicrobial agents that are used for the management and treatment of infections and/or disease caused by the Gram-negative, acid-fast and […]. ...
https://microbiologyclass.com/tag/anti-tuberculosis-tb-drugs/
Ethambutol Hydrochloride Online Tender , Ethambutol Hydrochloride Tender Product,Ethambutol Hydrochloride Tender Project,e...Ethambutol Hydrochloride Online Tender , Ethambutol Hydrochloride Tender Product,Ethambutol Hydrochloride Tender Project,e...
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Computational Tools Play Versatile Role In Designing New TB Drugs From Anti-Tubercular Peptides | Science TrendsComputational Tools Play Versatile Role In Designing New TB Drugs From Anti-Tubercular Peptides | Science Trends
Without a doubt, tuberculosis (TB) is a symbolic threat to human health, causing millions of mortalities per year. Developing TB therapy without leading to drug
https://sciencetrends.com/computational-tools-play-versatile-role-in-designing-new-tb-drugs-from-anti-tubercular-peptides/
A Two-Cent Drug Can Treat Tuberculosis But Probably Wont Be UsedA Two-Cent Drug Can Treat Tuberculosis But Probably Wont Be Used
A drug that costs just two cents for a daily dose can treat tuberculosis, even a drug-resistant form of the disease, new research says.
http://www.medicaldaily.com/two-cent-drug-can-treat-tuberculosis-probably-wont-be-used-242442
HIV/TB Co-infection | Science Speaks: Global ID NewsHIV/TB Co-infection | Science Speaks: Global ID News
Around much of the world where rates of HIV-tuberculosis co-infection are highest, one of the challenges killing patients has been the wait to discover if their TB would respond to the most common treatments. A four-year South Africa study of co-infected patients showed starting treatment for HIV during the course of anti-tuberculosis treatment, rather than […]. ...
http://sciencespeaksblog.org/category/tb/hivaids-tb-co-infection/
Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia - Treatment by linezolid of lung TB caused by drug resistant mycobacterium (MBT)Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia - Treatment by linezolid of lung TB caused by drug resistant mycobacterium (MBT)
Content and methods: in St-Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology from 2013 to 2015, 49 patients with XDR lung TB, from 18 to 60 have been treated. Linezolid was used in 24 patients with XDR-TB during the first 6 months of intensive phase of treatment in the dose - 600 mg per day intravenously, by drop infusion in combination with 5-6 anti TB drugs taking into account range of MBT drug resistance Studied group (group I). Control group -group II(n=25), used 5-6 anti TB drugs without linezolid.We carried out statistical analysis with the use of the program Statistica 6.0. We applied the criterion chi-square(χ2 ...
http://klikpdpi.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=8068
Evaluation of optimized bronchoalveolar lavage sampling designs for characterization of pulmonary drug distributionEvaluation of optimized bronchoalveolar lavage sampling designs for characterization of pulmonary drug distribution
With approximately nine million new cases and the attributable cause of death of an estimated two millions people every year there is an urgent need for new and effective drugs and treatment regimens targeting tuberculosis. The tuberculosis drug development pathway is however not ideal, containing non-predictive model systems and unanswered questions that may increase the risk of failure during late-phase drug development. The aim of this thesis was hence to develop pharmacometric tools in order to optimize the development of new anti-tuberculosis drugs and treatment regimens.. The General Pulmonary Distribution model was developed allowing for prediction of both rate and extent of distribution from plasma to pulmonary tissue. A distribution characterization that is of high importance as most current used anti-tuberculosis drugs were introduced into clinical use without considering the pharmacokinetic properties influencing drug distribution to the site of action. The developed optimized ...
http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:878639
Studies on the endogenous metabolism of mycobacteria. 2. On the influence of enzyme inhibitors and effective antitubercular...Studies on the endogenous metabolism of mycobacteria. 2. On the influence of enzyme inhibitors and effective antitubercular...
Semantic Scholar extracted view of [Studies on the endogenous metabolism of mycobacteria. 2. On the influence of enzyme inhibitors and effective antitubercular substances on 32 P-incorporation]. by H. Iwainsky et al.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Studies-on-the-endogenous-metabolism-of-mycobacte-Iwainsky-Reutgen/bcb02d6e029d34b99a16d8892b6cf9633b977b94
TB drugs: Latest News & Videos, Photos about TB drugs | The Economic Times - Page 2TB drugs: Latest News & Videos, Photos about TB drugs | The Economic Times - Page 2
TB drugs Latest Breaking News, Pictures, Videos, and Special Reports from The Economic Times. TB drugs Blogs, Comments and Archive News on Economictimes.com
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/topic/TB-drugs/2
Proactively Treating HIV Patients at Risk for Tuberculosis with Multidrug TB Therapy Doesnt Save More LivesProactively Treating HIV Patients at Risk for Tuberculosis with Multidrug TB Therapy Doesnt Save More Lives
In what investigators say is a surprise finding, results of a new study appear to strongly affirm the effectiveness of prescribing the anti-tuberculosis drug isoniazid alone - in place of the standard four-drug regimen - to prevent TB and reduce death in people with advanced HIV/AIDS infections. Those with HIV and AIDS are highly susceptible to TB.
http://www.newswise.com/articles/proactively-treating-hiv-patients-at-risk-for-tuberculosis-with-multidrug-tb-therapy-doesn-t-save-more-lives
Doctors Without Borders Reports at Union World Conference on Lung Health on Use of New TB Drugs | MSF USADoctors Without Borders Reports at Union World Conference on Lung Health on Use of New TB Drugs | MSF USA
NEW YORK/LIVERPOOL, OCTOBER 26, 2016 - At the annual Union World Conference on Lung Health, which started in Liverpool today, Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) is sharing its experience of using the new tuberculosis drugs bedaquiline and delamanid to treat people with drug-resistant TB. MSF is also involved in two clinical trials to test new TB treatments, both of which will start enrolling patients soon.
http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/article/doctors-without-borders-reports-union-world-conference-lung-health-use-new-tb-drugs
Free Medical Flashcards about Anti-TB DrugsFree Medical Flashcards about Anti-TB Drugs
Free flashcards to help memorize facts about Anti-TB Drugs. Other activities to help include hangman, crossword, word scramble, games, matching, quizes, and tests.
https://www.studystack.com/flashcard-1476249
Barriers in the implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy for people living with HIV in Northern Ethiopia: a mixed...Barriers in the implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy for people living with HIV in Northern Ethiopia: a mixed...
Isoniazid preventive therapy is a key public health intervention for the prevention of tuberculosis disease among people living with HIV. Despite the confirmed efficacy of isoniazid preventive therapy and global recommendations existing for decades, its implementation remains limited. In resource constrained settings, few have investigated why isoniazid preventive therapy is not implemented on full scale. This study was designed to investigate the level of isoniazid preventive therapy implementation and reasons for suboptimal implementation in Tigray region of Ethiopia. A review of patient records combined with a qualitative study using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions was conducted in 11 hospitals providing isoniazid preventive therapy in the Tigray Region. The study participants were health providers working in the HIV clinics of the 11 hospitals in the province. Health providers were interviewed about their experience of providing isoniazid preventive therapy and challenges faced
https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-016-3525-8
Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients by microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay. - Nuffield...
The microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay (MODS) is a novel and promising test for the early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). We evaluated the MODS assay for the early diagnosis of TB in HIV-positive patients presenting to Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases in southern Vietnam. A total of 738 consecutive sputum samples collected from 307 HIV-positive individuals suspected of TB were tested by smear, MODS, and the mycobacteria growth indicator tube method (MGIT). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of MODS compared to the microbiological gold standard (either smear or MGIT) were 87 and 93%, respectively. The sensitivities of smear, MODS, and MGIT were 57, 71, and 75%, respectively, against clinical gold standard (MODS versus smear, P|0.001; MODS versus MGIT, P=0.03). The clinical gold standard was defined as patients who had a clinical examination and treatment consistent with TB, with or without microbiological confirmation. For the diagnosis of smear-negative
https://www.ndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/90275
Extensively drug resistant tuberculosis: Beware patients lost to follow-up | The BMJ
EDITOR-Lawn and Wilkinson report on the global emergence of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis.1 An outbreak of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis has been ongoing for a decade in Norway.2 In 1994 treatment was started in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis who was lost to follow-up. One year later, the same patient was admitted to hospital with smear positive, pulmonary, extensively drug resistant tuberculosis.2 In the following 10 years, 23 other patients were diagnosed with a strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that carried the same IS6110 RFLP and spoligotyping DNA patterns. Of these, 15 had extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (table). Among 3131 patients diagnosed with tuberculosis in Nor-way during these 12 years M tuberculosis was isolated from 2284. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis was identified in 37 of them. The 15 cases of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis in the current outbreak are 0.66% of all culture positive cases and 40% of the multidrug resistant cases ...
https://www.bmj.com/content/333/7570/705.1?ijkey=c2edadef231514fc4e23d1e832c9bf7bc52d7e7e&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Antituberculous drugs | definition of antituberculous drugs by Medical dictionaryAntituberculous drugs | definition of antituberculous drugs by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of antituberculous drugs in the Medical Dictionary? antituberculous drugs explanation free. What is antituberculous drugs? Meaning of antituberculous drugs medical term. What does antituberculous drugs mean?
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/antituberculous+drugs
AID 739417 - Antitubercular activity against extensively drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis R506 by microplate Alamar...AID 739417 - Antitubercular activity against extensively drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis R506 by microplate Alamar...
BioAssay record AID 739417 submitted by ChEMBL: Antitubercular activity against extensively drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis R506 by microplate Alamar Blue assay.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/739417
AID 1084878 - Antitubercular activity against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis by NCCLS agar dilution method -...AID 1084878 - Antitubercular activity against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis by NCCLS agar dilution method -...
BioAssay record AID 1084878 submitted by ChEMBL: Antitubercular activity against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis by NCCLS agar dilution method.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1084878
Table 2 - Isoniazid Preventive Therapy and Risk for Resistant Tuberculosis - Volume 12, Number 5-May 2006 - Emerging Infectious...
In the context of tuberculosis (TB) resurgence, isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is increasingly promoted, but concerns about the risk for development of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis may hinder its widespread implementation. We conducted a systematic review of data published since 1951 to assess the effect of primary IPT on the risk for isoniazid-resistant TB. Different definitions of isoniazid resistance were used, which affected summary effect estimates; we report the most consistent results. When all 13 studies (N = 18,095 persons in isoniazid groups and N = 17,985 persons in control groups) were combined, the summary relative risk for resistance was 1.45 (95% confidence interval 0.85-2.47). Results were similar when studies of HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected persons were considered separately. Analyses were limited by small numbers and incomplete testing of isolates, but findings do not exclude an increased risk for isoniazid-resistant TB after IPT. The diagnosis of active TB should be
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/12/5/05-0681-t2
Table 2 - Drug Susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype and Association with MDR TB - Volume 18, Number 4...
To determine differences in the ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains to withstand antituberculosis drug treatment, we compared the activity of antituberculosis drugs against susceptible Beijing and East-African/Indian genotype M. tuberculosis strains. Beijing genotype strains showed high rates of mutation within a wide range of drug concentrations, possibly explaining this genotypes association with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/18/4/11-0912-t2
The prevalence and factors associated for anti-tuberculosis treatment non-adherence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in...The prevalence and factors associated for anti-tuberculosis treatment non-adherence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in...
Evidence exists pointing out how non-adherence to treatment remains a major hurdle to efficient tuberculosis control in developing countries. Many tuberculosis (Tb) patients do not complete their six-month course of anti-tuberculosis medications and are not aware of the importance of sputum re-examinations, thereby putting themselves at risk of developing multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis and relapse. However, there is a dearth of publications about non-adherence towards anti-Tb medication in these settings. We assessed the prevalence of and associated factors for anti-Tb treatment non-adherence in public health care facilities of South Ethiopia. This was a cross-sectional survey using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative study was conducted among 261 Tb patients from 17 health centers and one general hospital. The qualitative aspect included an in-depth interview of 14 key informants. For quantitative data, the analysis of descriptive
https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4188-9
Evaluation of the Genotype® MTBDRsl® VER 2.0 assay for second-line drug resistance detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis...Evaluation of the Genotype® MTBDRsl® VER 2.0 assay for second-line drug resistance detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis...
Early detection of resistance to second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs is important for the management of multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB. The Genotype® MTBDRsl VERSION 2.0 (VER 2.0) line probe assay has been redesigned for molecular detection of resistance-conferring mutations of fluoroquinolones (FLQ) (gyrA and gyrB genes) and second-line injectable drugs (SLID) (rrs and eis genes). The study evaluated the diagnostic performance of MTBDRsl VER 2.0 for the detection of second-line drug resistance compared with phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST), using the Bactec™ MGIT 960 system on Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates from South Africa. A total of 268 repository isolates collected between 2012 and 2014, with rifampicin -mono-resistant (RR) or MDR based on DST were selected. MTBDRsl VER 2.0 testing was performed on these isolates and results analysed. The MTBDRsl VER 2.0 sensitivity and specificity indices for culture isolates were; FLQ 100% (95% CI, 95.8-100%) ; 98.9% (95% CI, ...
https://www.physiciansweekly.com/evaluation-of-the-genotype-mtbdrsl-ver-2-0-assay-for-second-line-drug-resistance-detection-of-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-isolates-in-south-africa/
Isoniazid price, Isoniazid preventive therapy pptIsoniazid price, Isoniazid preventive therapy ppt
Isoniazid price piridoxina con isoniazida isoniazid pastile isoniazid preventive therapy guidelines south africa isoniazid teaching isoniazid induced hepatotoxicity pdf isoniazid life threatening side effects isoniazida bp 100 mg
http://freesocialicons.com/70823-isoniazid-price.html
The use of anti-tuberculosis therapy for latent TB infection | IDRThe use of anti-tuberculosis therapy for latent TB infection | IDR
The use of anti-tuberculosis therapy for latent TB infection Justin T Denholm1,2, Emma S McBryde1,21Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; 2Department of Medicine, (RMH/WH), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaAbstract: Tuberculosis infection is of global public health significance, with millions of incident cases each year. Many cases, particularly in low-prevalence settings, result from the reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI); potentially acquired years prior to active disease. Up to one-third of the world’s population has been infected with LTBI, and so may be at risk for future active TB disease. A variety of antituberculosis medications and treatment regimens have now been evaluated in the management of LTBI, with the aim of eradicating tuberculosis bacilli and reducing the likelihood of subsequent reactivation disease. This article reviews LTBI therapies and their use in clinical contexts, and
https://www.dovepress.com/the-use-of-anti-tuberculosis-therapy-for-latent-tb-infection-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR
Resistance rates to antituberculosis drugs in Sivas province | AVESİSResistance rates to antituberculosis drugs in Sivas province | AVESİS
Infections caused by drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains represent a serious public health problem in recent years. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the resistance rates of M.tuberculosis complex strains isolated from clinical specimens in the laboratories of Cumhuriyet University and Numune State Hospitals in Sivas province (located in the middle Anatolia), between May 2004-May 2006 period, to the major antituberculous drugs. A total of 158 M.tuberculosis complex strains which were isolated from sputum, bronchial lavage fluid, stomach fluid, urine, pus, peritoneal fluid and cerebrospinal fluid samples, each of which from different patients were included to the study. The identification of the isolates and antituberculosis drug susceptibility testing were performed by MGIT (Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube) 960 system in both of the laboratories. Of 158 isolates 42 (26.6%) were found resistant to at least one of the drugs, while 116 (73.4%) were susceptible ...
https://avesis.comu.edu.tr/yayin/8ac95eef-a630-4577-bde0-93759ecc5a7f/resistance-rates-to-antituberculosis-drugs-in-sivas-province
Factors affecting uptake and completion of isoniazid preventive therapy among HIV-infected children at a national referral...Factors affecting uptake and completion of isoniazid preventive therapy among HIV-infected children at a national referral...
Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection and the leading cause of death in people living with HIV (PLHIV). HIV-infected children are at a higher risk of TB infection and disease compared to those without HIV. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is an effective intervention in preventing progression of latent TB infection to active TB. The World Health Organization (WHO) currently recommends that all children aged | 12 months and adults living with HIV in whom active TB has been excluded should receive a 6-months course of IPT as part of a comprehensive package of HIV care. Despite this recommendation, the uptake of IPT among PLHIV has been suboptimal globally. This study sought to determine the factors affecting IPT uptake and completion among HIV-infected children in a large HIV care centre in Nairobi, Kenya. This was a cross-sectional mixed methods study comprising of quantitative and qualitative study designs. Medical records of 225 HIV-infected children aged 1 to | 10 years, in
https://0-bmcinfectdis-biomedcentral-com.brum.beds.ac.uk/articles/10.1186/s12879-020-05011-9/tables/3
Prescription practice of anti-tuberculosis drugs in Yunnan, China: A clinical audit<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Prescription practice of anti-tuberculosis drugs in Yunnan, China. T2 - A clinical audit. AU - Xu, Lin. AU - Chen, Jinou. AU - Innes, Anh L.. AU - Li, Ling. AU - Chiang, Chen Yuan. PY - 2017/10/1. Y1 - 2017/10/1. N2 - Objectives: China has a high burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). As irrational use and inadequate dosing of anti-TB drugs may contribute to the epidemic of drug-resistant TB, we assessed the drug types and dosages prescribed in the treatment of TB cases in a representative sample of health care facilities in Yunnan. Methods: We applied multistage cluster sampling using probability proportion to size to select 28 counties in Yunnan. Consecutive pulmonary TB patients were enrolled from either the TB centers of Yunnan Center of Disease Control or designated TB hospitals. Outcomes of interest included the regimen used in the treatment of new and retreatment TB patients; and the proportion of patients treated with adequate dosing of anti-TB drugs. Furthermore, we ...
https://tmu.pure.elsevier.com/zh/publications/prescription-practice-of-anti-tuberculosis-drugs-in-yunnan-china-
A prospective pharmacovigilance study to evaluate adverse effect profile of first line anti-tubercular drugs in newly diagnosed...A prospective pharmacovigilance study to evaluate adverse effect profile of first line anti-tubercular drugs in newly diagnosed...
A prospective pharmacovigilance study to evaluate adverse effect profile of first line anti-tubercular drugs in newly diagnosed sputum positive patients
https://ijbcp.com/index.php/ijbcp/article/view/2237
MedicalResearch.com | Cures of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Probably Underestimated Under Current WHO GuidelinesMedicalResearch.com | Cures of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Probably Underestimated Under Current WHO Guidelines
Queen Mary University Hospital, London, United Kingdom. MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings?. Response: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has been on the increase worldwide over the past decade. Many patients who have been identified with MDR-TB live in the European region. Despite treatment with expensive second-line drug regimens, curing MDR TB remains a challenge and cure rates were thought to be very low. As part of the EU Commission funded TB-PANNET project 380 patients with MDR-TB were observed at 23 TB centers in countries of high, intermediate and low TB burden in Europe over a period of 5 years. Observation started from the time of diagnosis and lasted until one year after the end of the treatment.. The TBNET proposed new definitions for cure and failure of MDR-TB treatment based on the sputum culture status at 6 month after the initiation of therapy and whether patients were free from disease recurrence one year after the ...
https://medicalresearch.com/infections/cures-of-multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis-probably-underestimated-under-current-guidelines/28211/
National TB Control Program NTP Jobs 2021 - Apply Online www.ntp.gov.pkNational TB Control Program NTP Jobs 2021 - Apply Online www.ntp.gov.pk
Through this page, we are providing information on Latest National TB Control Program NTP Jobs 2021 - www.ntp.gov.pk. We get this advertisement from
https://www.wardajobsportal.com/2021/08/national-tb-control-program-ntp-jobs.html
Expanding the Role of the Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility Assay in Tuberculosis and HIV Management : Clinical...
We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time.Find out more ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1086/651082
Determinants of isoniazid preventive therapy completion among people living with HIV attending care and treatment clinics from...Determinants of isoniazid preventive therapy completion among people living with HIV attending care and treatment clinics from...
Tuberculosis (TB) disease is a common opportunistic infection among people living with HIV (PLHIV). WHO recommends at least 6 months of isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) to reduce the risk of active TB. It is important to monitor the six-month IPT completion since a suboptimal dose may not protect PLHIV from TB infection. This study determined the six-month IPT completion and factors associated with six-month IPT completion among PLHIV aged 15 years or more in Dar es Salaam region, Tanzania. Secondary analysis of routine data from PLHIV attending 58 care and treatment clinics in Dar es Salaam region was used. PLHIV, aged 15 years and above, who screened negative for TB symptoms and initiated IPT from January, 2013 to June, 2017 were recruited. Modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for factors associated with IPT completion. Multilevel analysis was used to account for health facility random effects in order to
https://0-bmcinfectdis-biomedcentral-com.brum.beds.ac.uk/articles/10.1186/s12879-020-04997-6/figures/1
Most recent papers with the keyword enzyme prodrug therapy | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword enzyme prodrug therapy | Read by QxMD
The place of prodrugs in the current antitubercular therapeutic arsenal is preponderant, since two of the four first-line antitubercular agents, isoniazid (INH) and pyrazinamide (PZA), need to be activated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis before exerting their activity. In addition, six other prodrugs can be found in the second- and third-line therapeutic regimens. The emergence of mycobacterial strains resistant to one or several antitubercular agents is one of the main issues of the antitubercular therapy. In the case of prodrugs, the resistance phenomenon is often related to a mutation in the gene encoding for the activation enzymes, resulting thus in a default of these enzymes that are no more able to activate prodrugs ...
https://www.readbyqxmd.com/keyword/101564
The Efficacy of Interferon-α in the Treatment of Multidrug Resistant TuberculosisThe Efficacy of Interferon-α in the Treatment of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis
Background: Tuberculosis is a major cause of infectious disease mortality all over the world. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major problem in the management of tuberculosis. With recent advances in understanding the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis, the use of various cytokine therapies has been suggested. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of parenteral INF- for treating MDR-TB patients. Materials and Methods: To conduct the study, 12 MDR- TB patients hospitalised in the clinical mycobacteriology ward of Massih Daneshvari hospital were selected randomly between October 2000 and March 2001. All had chest involvement in radiography, so they were smear and culture positive on two occasions. All had at least resistance to isoniazid and rifampin in antibiogram. They were divided in two groups. One group received INF- ; (3,000,000U, three times a week, subcutaneously) in addition to anti-TB drugs, and the other group received only anti -TB medications as control group.
http://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_241570.html
Delamanid, linezolid, levofloxacin, and pyrazinamide for the treatment of patients with fluoroquinolone-sensitive multidrug...Delamanid, linezolid, levofloxacin, and pyrazinamide for the treatment of patients with fluoroquinolone-sensitive multidrug...
Treatment success rates of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remain unsatisfactory, and long-term use of second-line anti-TB drugs is accompanied by the frequent occurrence of adverse events, low treatment compliance, and high costs. The development of new efficient regimens with shorter treatment durations for MDR-TB will solve these issues and improve treatment outcomes. This study is a phase II/III, multicenter, randomized, open-label clinical trial of non-inferiority design comparing a new regimen to the World Health Organization-endorsed conventional regimen for fluoroquinolone-sensitive MDR-TB. The control arm uses a conventional treatment regimen with second-line drugs including injectables for 20-24 months. The investigational arm uses a new shorter regimen including delamanid, linezolid, levofloxacin, and pyrazinamide for 9 or 12 months depending on time to sputum culture conversion. The primary outcome is the treatment success rate at 24 months after treatment initiation. Secondary
https://trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13063-018-3053-1
PARN » Emergence of Extensively Resistant TuberculosisPARN » Emergence of Extensively Resistant Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is usually treated with first-line anti-tuberculous drugs such as isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide.. Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR) is disease due to strains resistant to both isoniazid and rifampicin. Treatment of such strains requires use of second-line drugs which include fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, capreomycin (injectable drugs), para-aminosalicylate, cycloserine, and ethionamide.. Recently, however, strains resistant to fluoroquinolones have been noticed worldwide. When MDR TB strains become resistant to fluoroquinolones, treatment becomes difficult since other drugs used have limited efficacy. Treatment options become even more limited when in addition to fluoroquinolones, strains are resistant to any one of the injectable drugs. Such strains are labeled extensively drug resistant (XDR).. Patients with XDR TB require longer duration of treatment (at least 18 months) with drugs regimens that incorporate both old and new agents. Newer drugs ...
http://parn.org.pk/emergence-of-extensively-resistant-tuberculosis/
Metal complexes as therapeutic substitute in tuberculosis treatment | BMC Infectious Diseases | Full TextMetal complexes as therapeutic substitute in tuberculosis treatment | BMC Infectious Diseases | Full Text
Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that produces several million deaths annually. With the appearance of multi drug resistant microbial strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, innovations in TB drug discovery and evolving strategies to bring new agents with best performance is an essential investigation. Taking this into account, there is a pressing need to develop new and more effective anti tubercular agents. The coordination of metal with organic drugs is a promising strategy that has been successful in many cases with different pharmacological activities. The emergence of new cases and the adverse effects of first and second-line antituberculosis drugs have led to renewed research interest in metal drug complexes in the hope of discovering new antituberculosis drugs. The aim of the present study is to assess the antituberculosis activity of Ni (II) and Cu (II) complexes of polymer ligand poly (3-nitrobenzylidene-1-naphthylamine-co-methacrylic acid). ...
https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2334-14-S3-P29
Detection of Mutations Associated with Isoniazid Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from China | Journal of...Detection of Mutations Associated with Isoniazid Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from China | Journal of...
All of the 87 INH-resistant isolates from China had mutations in the nine structural genes (furA, katG, inhA, kasA, Rv0340, iniB, iniA, iniC, and efpA) or two regulatory regions (the oxyR-ahpC intergenic region and the promoter of mabA-inhA). Thirty-nine distinct mutations were identified. Among these, mutations in the katG gene were predominant, as expected; katG mutations were found in 82 (94.3%) isolates. Geographical differences in the frequencies of the katG codon 315 mutations were apparent in the analysis of data from other studies: mutations in katG codon 315 were detected in only 34.6% of the INH-resistant isolates from Madrid (18) but were detected in a substantial 93.6% of isolates from northwest Russia (26). Therefore, the documented information regarding the frequencies and types of mutations in one country or geographical region may not apply generally to other regions. We found mutations in katG codon 315 in 64.4% of the INH-resistant isolates from five provinces of China, which ...
https://jcm.asm.org/content/43/11/5477
Rapid Detection of Rifampicin and Isoniazid Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Using Genotype MTBDRplus Assay in NepalRapid Detection of Rifampicin and Isoniazid Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Using Genotype MTBDRplus Assay in Nepal
International Scholarly Research Notices is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal covering a wide range of subjects in science, technology, and medicine. The journals Editorial Board as well as its Table of Contents are divided into 108 subject areas that are covered within the journals scope.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2014/648294/cta/
Bergen Open Research Archive: Childhood tuberculosis case management in Pakistan: Addressing a priorityBergen Open Research Archive: Childhood tuberculosis case management in Pakistan: Addressing a priority
Childhood tuberculosis is considered a major cause of morbidity and mortality in high burden TB countries. It has had a low priority for research and development globally and was not given much attention in the past on ways and means to operationalize the case management strategies within the context of National TB Control Programmes. The current thesis focuses on various cohorts of childhood TB and audit of the case management practices within the routine national TB control programme of Pakistan. The thesis also documents the lessons learned during this research and development. Our initial retrospective cohorts were based on the review of patient records, focused on the case notification, treatment outcomes and case management practices of patients registered during two complete years 2004 and 2005, when NTP had no particular emphasis on childhood TB and had recently expanded the DOTS strategy for adults. These results we compared with those of patients registered during 2006 and 2007, when ...
https://bora.uib.no/bora-xmlui/handle/1956/5016?locale-attribute=en
Spoligotyping of clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil • Research - Institut...Spoligotyping of clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil • Research - Institut...
We performed spoligotyping on 114 strains of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex that had been isolated from patients in Minas Gerais Health Units
https://research.pasteur.fr/en/publication/spoligotyping-of-clinical-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-isolates-from-the-state-of-minas-gerais-brazil/
Plus itPlus it
The comorbidities of tuberculosis and diseases such as HIV require long-term treatment with multiple medications. Despite substantial in vitro and in vivo information on effects of rifampicin and isoniazid on human CYPs, there is limited published data regarding the inhibitory effects of other anti-TB drugs on human CYPs and UGTs. The inhibitory effects of 5 first-line anti-TB drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and rifabutin), and the newly approved bedaquiline, were evaluated for 6 common human hepatic UGT enzymes (UGT1A1, 1A4, 1A6, 1A9, 2B7 and 2B15) in vitro using HLMs. Pyrazinamide, ethambutol, rifabutin and bedaquiline were also studied for their inhibitory effects on 8 of the most common human CYP enzymes (CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1 and 3A). Rifabutin inhibited multiple CYPs to varying degrees in vitro, but with all IC50 values exceeding 25 μM. Rifabutin and rifampicin also inhibited several human UGTs including UGT1A4. The Ki value for rifabutin on human ...
http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/early/2017/06/26/dmd.117.076034
In vitro potency of 2-(((2-hydroxyphenyl)amino) methylene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione against drug-resistant and...
J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2021 Mar 28:S2213-7165(21)00081-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.03.015. Online ahead of print.. ABSTRACT. OBJECTIVES: New antituberculosis agents active on drug-resistant and nonreplicating tubercle bacilli remain an unmet medical obligation. We, therefore, evaluated a previously identified hit 2-(((2-hydroxyphenyl)amino) methylene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione (PAMCHD) against a panel of clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates including multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains and against nonreplicating drug-tolerant persisters of M. tuberculosis H37Rv.. METHODS: potential against drug-resistant isolates of M.tuberculosis was investigated by broth dilution assay. CFU enumeration was done to determine the activity of PAMCHD against five kinds of dormant bacilli.. RESULTS: No significant difference in MICs of PAMCHD was observed against M .tuberculosis H37Rv (2.5-5 µg/mL) and eight drug-susceptible strains (1.25-5 µg/mL) as well as drug-resistant strains including six ...
https://www.infectoforum.net/in-vitro-potency-of-2-2-hydroxyphenylamino-methylene-55-dimethylcyclohexane-13-dione-against-drug-resistant-and-nonreplicating-persisters-of-mycobacterium-tuberculosis/
Plus itPlus it
During the 1990s, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin, emerged as a great threat to global tuberculosis (TB) control [1]. For most MDR-TB patients, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a treatment regimen including second-line anti-TB drugs [2]. One of the most effective second-line drugs is fluoroquinolone [3]. During the treatment, MDR-TB may develop resistance to fluoroquinolone, or even become extensively drug-resistant (XDR-TB), which is resistant to both fluoroquinolone and at least one of three injectable second-line drugs [4]. The main genetic mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance lies in the mutations in the quinolone-resistance-determining region of gyrA and gyrB [5]. ...
http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/50/6/1701633
Challenges and Outlooks in Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis | Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition)Challenges and Outlooks in Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis | Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition)
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) has become one of the major obstacles currently encountered in the control of this disease worldwide.1 The widespread and sometimes inappropriate use of rifampicin in the last 40 years has generated a growing number of cases of rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB). Rifampicin resistance is the most decisive factor in the prognosis of TB patients.2 If this drug cannot be used, treatment must continue for at least 21-24 months, and combinations of less effective, more toxic drugs3 are required, leading to cure rates of only 50%.1 Moreover, more than 90% of RR-TB cases are also carriers of isoniazid (H)-resistant strains3; these patients make up the so-called multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) group.. The problem is further compounded by the appearance and spread of cases of extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), which is MDR-TB that is also resistant to the fluoroquinolones (FQ: levofloxacin and/or moxifloxacin) and second-line injectable drugs (SLID: amikacin and/or ...
https://www.archbronconeumol.org/en-challenges-outlooks-in-multi-drug-resistant-articulo-S1579212917301957
High Prevalence of Primary Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis in Persons with No Known Risk FactorsHigh Prevalence of Primary Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis in Persons with No Known Risk Factors
Introduction In high multidrug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) prevalence areas, drug susceptibility testing (DST) at diagnosis is recommended for patients with risk factors for MDR. However, this approach might miss a substantial proportion of MDR-TB in the general population. We studied primary MDR in patients considered to be at low risk of MDR-TB in Lima, Peru. Methods We enrolled new sputum smear-positive TB patients who did not report any MDR-TB risk factor: known exposure to a TB patient whose treatment failed or who died or who was known to have MDR-TB; immunosuppressive co-morbidities, ex prison inmates; prison and health care workers; and alcohol or drug abuse. A structured questionnaire was applied to all enrolled participants to confirm the absence of these factors and thus minimize underreporting. Sputum from all participants was cultured on Löwenstein-Jensen media and DST for first line drugs was performed using the 7H10 agar method. Results Of 875 participants with complete data,
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0026276
Prevention Treatment Beneficial for Children Exposed to Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis BacteriumPrevention Treatment Beneficial for Children Exposed to Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Bacterium
Researchers find the preventive treatment beneficial in protecting the children, who are in close contact with multidrug resistant tuberculosis affected patients, from acquiring the disease.
http://www.medindia.net/news/healthinfocus/prevention-treatment-beneficial-for-children-exposed-to-multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis-bacterium-98717-1.htm
Pyrazinoic acid - Pyrazinoic acid Exporter, Manufacturer, Distributor, Supplier, Trading Company, Vapi, India
TRIVENI INTERCHEM PVT. LTD. - Exporter, Manufacturer, Distributor, Supplier, Trading Company of Pyrazinoic acid based in Vapi, India
http://www.triveniinterchem.in/pyrazinoic-acid--1150019.html
Exposure to first line anti-tuberculosis drugs in prepubertal age reduces the quality and functional competence of spermatozoa...Exposure to first line anti-tuberculosis drugs in prepubertal age reduces the quality and functional competence of spermatozoa...
Prepubertal Swiss albino mice of both sex were administered with first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATDs) viz; rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, streptomycin and ethambutol intraperitoneally, for 4 weeks. Two weeks after the completion of treatment, male mice were sacrificed to collect caudal spermatozoa and female mice were superovulated with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to collect metaphase II (MII) oocytes from oviduct. Administration of ATDs not only decreased the count, motility and, nuclear maturity and also, increased the head abnormalities, mitochondrial damage and DNA damage in epididymal spermatozoa. Reduction in number of ovulated oocytes, increased degeneration rate and altered distribution pattern of cytoplasmic organelles was observed in oocytes of female mice. Presence of ATDs in in vitro maturation (IVM) medium increased abnormalities in meiotic resulted in abnormal spindle organization (except ethambutol) without affecting ...
https://eprints.manipal.edu/155720/
The clinical effect of thermo ablation and cryoablation treatment of lymph nodes fistula type of central airway...The clinical effect of thermo ablation and cryoablation treatment of lymph nodes fistula type of central airway...
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of combined thermoablation and cryoablation treatment of lymph nodes fistula type of central airway tracheo-bronchial tuberculosis(TBTB)under flexible bronchoscopy(referred to as bronchoscopy).Methods A total of 78 patients with TBTB were enrolled in the Anhui Provincial Chest Hospital from January 2013 to January 2017.After approval by the Ethics Committee,39 patients in the control group were treated with systemic anti-tuberculosis treatment and bronchoscopy which biopsy forceps were repeatedly cleaned and the isoniazid was injected through the catheter at the lesion.The observation group were treated with systemic anti-tuberculosis treatment and bronchoscopy which combined with cryo-thermo ablation and the isoniazid was injected through the catheter at the lesion.All of them were ended up with endoscopic treatment after stable lesions and followed up for 1 year.The average number of treatments was calculated,and the clinical symptoms and bronchoscopy findings were
http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-ZFLZ201906012.htm
Review of tuberculosis treatment outcome reporting system in Denmark, a retrospective study cohort study from 2009 through 2014...Review of tuberculosis treatment outcome reporting system in Denmark, a retrospective study cohort study from 2009 through 2014...
In Denmark, reporting of tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcome is voluntary and data incomplete. In the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control most recent report presenting data from 2017, only 53.9% of Danish pulmonary TB cases had a reported outcome. Monitoring of TB treatment outcome is not feasible based on such limited results. In this retrospective study from 2009 to 2014, we present complete treatment outcome data and describe characteristics of cases lost to follow up. All cases notified from 2009 through 2014 were reviewed. Hospital records were examined, and TB treatment outcome was categorized according to the World Health Organizations (WHO) definitions. A total of 2131 TB cases were included. Treatment outcome was reported to the Surveillance Unit in 1803 (84.6%) cases, of which 468 (26.0%) were reclassified. For pulmonary TB, 339 (28.9%) cases were reclassified between cured and treatment completed. Overall, the proportion of cases who achieved successful treatment outcome
https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-020-4927-y/figures/1
Shorter regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis should also be applicable in Europe<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Shorter regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis should also be applicable in Europe. AU - Heldal, Einar. AU - Van Deun, Armand. AU - Chiang, Chen-Yuan. AU - Rieder, Hans L. PY - 2017/6. Y1 - 2017/6. KW - Antitubercular Agents. KW - Europe. KW - Humans. KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis. KW - Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant. U2 - 10.1183/13993003.00228-2017. DO - 10.1183/13993003.00228-2017. M3 - Article. C2 - 28572127. VL - 49. JO - European Respiratory Journal. JF - European Respiratory Journal. SN - 0903-1936. IS - 6. ER - ...
https://tmu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/shorter-regimens-for-multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis-should-also
Plus it
Although our baseline analysis assumed that DOTS-plus can be implemented effectively, the proportion of patients completing even standard treatment regimens is low in areas where multidrug resistant tuberculosis has become a major problem.21 In areas where direct smear microscopy and giving two to four relatively non-toxic drugs for six months is impossible, routinely performing mycobacterial cultures and first and second line susceptibility testing as well as administering four to seven toxic drugs for 18-24 months is unlikely to be possible.. A tuberculosis control programme should have implemented effective DOTS before implementing DOTS-plus.28 A poorly run control programme can generate multidrug resistant tuberculosis, but effective DOTS can decrease the rates of multidrug resistant tuberculosis.29 More widespread implementation of effective DOTS would therefore decrease the number of cases for which DOTS-plus would be necessary.30 Currently, 77% of tuberculosis cases worldwide are not ...
http://www.bmj.com/content/326/7389/574
S2 Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment in the UK: a survey of injectable use and toxicity in practice | ThoraxS2 Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment in the UK: a survey of injectable use and toxicity in practice | Thorax
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https://thorax.bmj.com/content/65/Suppl_4/A4.2.alerts
Quantitative Assay of Mutated Nucleophosmin in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. - BiOptix Reagents and AssaysQuantitative Assay of Mutated Nucleophosmin in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. - BiOptix Reagents and Assays
Drug resistant tuberculosis poses a tremendous downside for tuberculosis administration worldwide. Timely dedication of drug resistance and environment friendly explicit particular person remedy are necessary for blocking the transmission of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We aimed to find out and think about the accuracy of a reverse dot blot hybridization (RDBH) assay to concurrently detect the resistance of Four anti-tuberculosis medication in M. tuberculosis isolated in China.. In this look at, we utilized a RDBH assay to concurrently detect the resistance of rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH), streptomycin (SM) and ethambutol (EMB) in 320 medical M. tuberculosis isolates and in distinction the outcomes to that from phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) and sequencing.. The RDBH assay was designed to verify as a lot as 42 samples at a time. Pearsons chi-square check out was used to compute the statistical measures of the RDBH assay using the phenotypic DST or sequencing as ...
https://bioptixinc.com/tag/quantitative-assay-of-mutated-nucleophosmin-in-acute-myeloid-leukemia/
1,2,4-Triazole1,2,4-Triazole
A Promising Antitubercular Agent". Chemical Biology & Drug Design. 86 (4): 410-423. doi:10.1111/cbdd.12527. PMID 25643871. Kaur ... Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 16 (4): 465-489. doi:10.2174/1871520615666150819121106. PMID 26286663. Kathiravan, ... "The biology and chemistry of antifungal agents: A review". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry. 20 (19): 5678-5698. doi:10.1016/j. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,2,4-Triazole
BedaquilineBedaquiline
Worley MV, Estrada SJ (November 2014). "Bedaquiline: a novel antitubercular agent for the treatment of multidrug-resistant ... Bedaquiline was described for the first time in 2004 at the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedaquiline
InfectionInfection
... including antitubercular), antiviral, antifungal and antiparasitic (including antiprotozoal and antihelminthic) agents. ... First, the catalog of infectious agents has grown to the point that virtually all of the significant infectious agents of the ... Second, an infectious agent must grow within the human body to cause disease; essentially it must amplify its own nucleic acids ... Not all infectious agents cause disease in all hosts. For example, less than 5% of individuals infected with polio develop ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infection
PrimidonePrimidone
Isoniazid, an antitubercular agent with MAOI properties, has been known to strongly inhibit the metabolism of primidone. Like ... Other pharmacological agents include alprazolam, clonazepam, atenolol, sotalol, nadolol, clozapine, nimodipine, and botulinum ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 45 (2): 382-92. doi:10.1128/AAC.45.2.382-392.2001. PMC 90302. PMID 11158730. Theis JG, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primidone
OxathiazolonesOxathiazolones
Various 5‐styryl‐oxathiazol‐2‐one heterocycles have also been tested as anti-tubercular agents because of their ability to ... and Evaluation of 5-Styryl-Oxathiazol-2-one Mycobacterium tuberculosis Proteasome Inhibitors as Potential Antitubercular Agents ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxathiazolones
Chiral drugsChiral drugs
The antitubercular agent Ethambutol contains two constitutionally symmetrical stereogenic centers in its structure and exists ... Many medicinal agents important to life are combinations of mirror-image twins. Despite the close resemblance of such twins, ... Ketamine is a widely used anaesthetic agent. It is a chiral molecule that is administered as a racemate. Studies show that (S ... Racemic drugs are not drug combinations in the accepted sense of two or more co-formulated therapeutic agents, but combinations ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral_drugs
Salicylic acidSalicylic acid
Aminosalicylic acid is used to induce remission in ulcerative colitis, and has been used as an antitubercular agent often ... Salicylic acid as its conjugate base is a chelating agent, with an affinity for iron(III). Salicylic acid slowly degrades to ... Chelating agents, Monohydroxybenzoic acids, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Plant hormones, World Health Organization ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salicylic_acid
PyrazinamidePyrazinamide
Its discovery as an antitubercular agent was remarkable since it has no activity against tuberculosis in vitro, due to not ... Dillon, Nicholas A.; Peterson, Nicholas D.; Feaga, Heather A.; Keiler, Kenneth C.; Baughn, Anthony D. (21 July 2017). "Anti-tubercular ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 59 (12): 7320-26. doi:10.1128/aac.00967-15. PMC 4649215. PMID 26369957. Shi W, Zhang X, ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 39 (6): 1269-71. doi:10.1128/aac.39.6.1269. PMC 162725. PMID 7574514. Klemens, S.P.; ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazinamide
Leprostatic agentLeprostatic agent
Sulfone - Dapsone (DDS), Phenazine derivative - Clofazimine, Antitubercular drugs - Rifampicin, Ethionamide, Solapsone, Other ... A leprostatic agent is a drug that interferes with proliferation of the bacterium that causes leprosy. The following agents are ... Established agents used in the treatment of leprosy are dapsone, clofazimine, and rifampicin. Treatment of tuberculoid leprosy ... Dapsone, combined with other antileprosy agents like rifampicin and clofazimine, is used in the treatment of both ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leprostatic_agent
Proteasome accessory factor EProteasome accessory factor E
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the etiologic agent of the disease tuberculosis, which kills approximately 1.4 million ... recent emergence of increasingly drug-resistant Mtb strains have given rise to an urgent need for the development of new anti-tubercular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteasome_accessory_factor_E
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosisMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis
... an agent from Group D2 and other agents from Group D3 may be added to bring the total to five. It is recommended that the ... Sileshi, Tesemma; Tadesse, Esayas; Makonnen, Eyasu; Aklillu, Eleni (2021). "The Impact of First-Line Anti-Tubercular Drugs' ... Antimycobacterial Agents , Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e". AccessMedicine , McGraw-Hill Medical. Retrieved 7 ... Ramaswamy, S; Musser, JM (1998). "Molecular genetic basis of antimicrobial agent resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: 1998 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multidrug-resistant_tuberculosis
Einhorn-Brunner reactionEinhorn-Brunner reaction
Triazoles have been found to have a number of real world applications as antibacterial agents.[citation needed] The Einhorn- ... Research done by Pattan et al., specifically on 1,2,4-triazoles, found antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular, and anti- ... antitubercular and anti-inflammatory activities" (PDF). Indian Journal of Chemistry. 51B: 297-301. (CS1 maint: multiple names: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einhorn–Brunner_reaction
Psychopharmacology revolutionPsychopharmacology revolution
Nevertheless, related agents such as phenelzine and isocarboxazid are still on the market. In addition, tranylcypromine is a ... Iproniazid was the result of a failed medicinal chemistry attempt to improve on the anti-tubercular activity of isoniazid. It ... He noted the so-called "indifference" that this agent causes and suggested that it be used on agitated psychotic patients. ... Due to the chemical similarity of imipramine to chlorpromazine, this agent also functions as a H1, M1, and α1 receptor ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychopharmacology_revolution
FuronazideFuronazide
In vivo studies in the guinea pig showed furonazide slightly more active than isoniazid as a tuberculostatic agent. The drug ... Antitubercular compounds". Yakugaku Zasshi. 75: 1066-9. doi:10.1248/yakushi1947.75.9_1066. Kiichiro Kakemi; Sezaki, Hitoshi; ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furonazide
SQ109SQ109
In preclinical studies SQ109 enhanced the activity of anti-tubercular drugs isoniazid and rifampin and reduced by >30% the time ... "Synthesis and evaluation of carbamate prodrugs of SQ109 as antituberculosis agents". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. ... a new diamine-based antitubercular drug". British Journal of Pharmacology. 144 (1): 80-87. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705984. PMC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQ109
List of MeSH codes (D27)List of MeSH codes (D27)
... antitubercular MeSH D27.505.954.122.085.222 - antitreponemal agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.085.255 - antitubercular agents MeSH ... antiviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077 - anti-retroviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077.088 - anti-hiv agents MeSH ... tocolytic agents MeSH D27.505.954.016 - anti-allergic agents MeSH D27.505.954.122 - anti-infective agents MeSH D27.505.954.122. ... tranquilizing agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.015 - anti-anxiety agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.025 - antimanic agents MeSH ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D27)
Bladder cancerBladder cancer
Five immunotherapy agents has been approved in the US for use in metastatic bladder cancer. They act by inhibiting programmed ... BCG strains are not sensitive to pyrazinamide therefore, it should not be a part of anti-tubercular treatment. BCG treatment ... In people with systemic infections, BCG therapy should be stopped and anti-tubercular multidrug treatment for at-least 6 months ... Additionally, blue light cystoscopy with optical-imaging agent Hexaminolevulinate (HAL) is recommended at initial TURBT to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bladder_cancer
EthionamideEthionamide
... is used in combination with other antituberculosis agents as part of a second-line regimen for active tuberculosis ... Belardinelli, Juan M.; Morbidoni, Héctor R. (2013-04-01). "Recycling and refurbishing old antitubercular drugs: the encouraging ... Rastogi, Nalin; Labrousse, Valérie; Goh, Khye Seng (1996). "In Vitro Activities of Fourteen Antimicrobial Agents Against Drug ... Bennett, John E.; Dolin, Raphael; Blaser, Martin; Mandell, Gerald L (2015). "38 - Antimycobacterial Agents". Mandell, Douglas, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethionamide
Mycobacterium tuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculosis
... (M. tb) is a species of pathogenic bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae and the causative agent ... Additionally, the ability of many MmpL3 inhibitors to work synergistically with other antitubercular drugs presents a ray of ... tuberculosis by several DNA-damaging agents, as well as during infection of mice. Loss of this DNA polymerase reduces the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis
Mycolic acidMycolic acid
An international multi-centre study has proved that delamanid (OPC-67683), a new agent derived from the nitro-dihydro- ... Raman, K.; Rajagopalan, P.; Chandra, N. (2005). "Flux Balance Analysis of Mycolic Acid Pathway: Targets for Anti-Tubercular ... Novel inhibitors of this enzyme could potentially be used as therapeutic agents. The mycolic acids show interesting ... the causative agent of the disease tuberculosis. They form the major component of the cell wall of mycolata species. Despite ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycolic_acid
AnxiolyticAnxiolytic
This effect is in contrast to anxiogenic agents which increase anxiety. Anxiolytic medications are used for the treatment of ... The first monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), iproniazid, was discovered accidentally when developing the new antitubercular ... An anxiolytic (/ˌæŋksiəˈlɪtɪk, ˌæŋksioʊ-/; also antipanic or antianxiety agent) is a medication or other intervention that ... "antianxiety agent" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary Whittlesea, Cate; Hodson, Karen, eds. (7 August 2018). Clinical pharmacy and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxiolytic
Streptomyces isolatesStreptomyces isolates
A recent screening of TCM extracts revealed a Streptomyces that produces a number of antitubercular pluramycins. Wailupemycins ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 8 (6): 721-32. doi:10.1128/AAC.8.6.721. PMC 429454. PMID 1211926. Fernandes, Prabhavathi ... Y3111 from traditional Chinese medicine produced antitubercular pluramycins". Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 98 (3): 1077-85. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptomyces_isolates
RifampicinRifampicin
... is relatively ineffective against spirochetes, which has led to its use as a selective agent capable of isolating ... Mycobacterial resistance to rifampicin may occur alone or along with resistance to other first-line antitubercular drugs. Early ... Leschine SB, Canale-Parola E (December 1980). "Rifampin as a selective agent for isolation of oral spirochetes". Journal of ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 42 (10): 2762-4. doi:10.1128/AAC.42.10.2762. PMC 105936. PMID 9756794. Trivedi, Hirsh D ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rifampicin
TuberculosisTuberculosis
The benefits and risks of giving anti-tubercular drugs in those exposed to MDR-TB is unclear. Making HAART therapy available to ... The safety and effectiveness of these new agents are uncertain as of 2012, because they are based on the results of relatively ... In 2018, tuberculosis was the leading cause of death worldwide from a single infectious agent. The total number of tuberculosis ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 47 (3): 833-36. doi:10.1128/AAC.47.3.833-836.2003. PMC 149338. PMID 12604509. Bozzano F ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis
PretomanidPretomanid
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 49 (6): 2294-301. doi:10.1128/AAC.49.6.2294-2301.2005. PMC 1140539. PMID 15917524. ... in a series of 100 nitroimidazopyran derivatives synthesized and tested for antitubercular activity, by PathoGenesis (now a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretomanid
OsteomyelitisOsteomyelitis
In patients with sickle cell disease, the most common causative agent is Salmonella, with a relative incidence more than twice ... Tubercular osteomyelitis of the spine was so common before the initiation of effective antitubercular therapy, it acquired a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteomyelitis
D. Srinivasa ReddyD. Srinivasa Reddy
Antitubercular compounds and process for the preparation thereof, D. Srinivasa Reddy, Remya Ramesh, WO2014128724A1. 13. ... anti-inflammatory as well as anti-cancer agents and as insect repellents. He employs the Silicon-switch approach for developing ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D._Srinivasa_Reddy
Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase IIIBeta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III
Agents Chemother. 48 (8): 3093-102. doi:10.1128/AAC.48.8.3093-3102.2004. PMC 478545. PMID 15273125. Al-Balas Q, Anthony NG, Al- ... Raman K, Rajagopalan P, Chandra N (October 2005). "Flux Balance Analysis of Mycolic Acid Pathway: Targets for Anti-Tubercular ... Agents Chemother. 50 (2): 519-26. doi:10.1128/AAC.50.2.519-526.2006. PMC 1366929. PMID 16436705. Ondeyka JG, Zink DL, Young K, ... the causative agent of another serious refractory problem, malaria. Given the predominance of TB in poor countries, the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-ketoacyl-ACP_synthase_III
Antimicrobial peptidesAntimicrobial peptides
Lessons learned from the successes and failures of siderophore-conjugate drugs evaluated during the development of novel agents ... Usmani SS, Bhalla S, Raghava GP (26 August 2018). "Prediction of Antitubercular Peptides From Sequence Information Using ... Antimicrobial peptides have been used as therapeutic agents; their use is generally limited to intravenous administration or ... These peptides are potent, broad spectrum antibiotics which demonstrate potential as novel therapeutic agents. Antimicrobial ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_peptides
IsatinIsatin
Bin-Jubair, F.A.S. (2010). "Anti-Tubercular activity of Isatin and Derivatives". Int. J. Res. Pharm. Sci. 1: 113. Vuzquez de ... substituted indoles or oxindoles with different oxidizing agents such as TBHP, IBX-SO3K, tBuONO etc. The presence of an ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isatin
BioenhancerBioenhancer
It increases the bioavailability of the active agent paclitaxel used to treat cancer. Carum carvi, a herb from Apiaceae ... Atal also initiated the bioenhanced anti tubercular drug research project using Rifampicin which later resulted in development ... Glycyrrhizin, a saponin of the liquorice plant, promotes the action of numerous antibiotics and the antifungal agent ... ginger and other herbal ingredients in food a lack of nutrients or insufficient effects of active agents can be prevented: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioenhancer
Erythema Induratum (Nodular Vasculitis) Medication: Antitubercular Agents, Antithyroid agents, NSAIDsErythema Induratum (Nodular Vasculitis) Medication: Antitubercular Agents, Antithyroid agents, NSAIDs
Antitubercular Agents. Class Summary. Anti-TB agents are used for empiric coverage of M tuberculosis. ... Antithyroid agents. Class Summary. These agents relieve lesional tenderness, arthralgia, and fever. Relief may occur in 24 ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/1083213-158652/which-medications-are-used-in-the-treatment-of-erythema-induratum-nodular-vasculitis
Browsing WHA62 by Subject Antitubercular AgentsBrowsing WHA62 by Subject "Antitubercular Agents"
JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/2026/browse?locale-attribute=en&type=mesh&authority=Antitubercular+Agents
7 substituted 2 Nitro-5,6-dihydroimidazo[2,1 b][1,3]oxazines: Novel antitubercular agents lead to a new preclinical candidate...7 substituted 2 Nitro-5,6-dihydroimidazo[2,1 b][1,3]oxazines: Novel antitubercular agents lead to a new preclinical candidate...
7 substituted 2 Nitro-5,6-dihydroimidazo[2,1 b][1,3]oxazines: Novel antitubercular agents lead to a new preclinical candidate ... scaffold hopping from delamanid inspired the discovery of a novel class of potent antitubercular agents that unexpectedly ... Summary: Within a backup program for the clinical investigational agent pretomanid, ...
https://dndi.org/scientific-articles/2017/jmc-antitubular-agents-preclinical-candidate-vl/
Discovery and development of novel salicylate synthase (MbtI) Furanic inhibitors as antitubercular agentsDiscovery and development of novel salicylate synthase (MbtI) Furanic inhibitors as antitubercular agents
... Chiarelli, Laurent R ... Discovery and development of novel salicylate synthase (MbtI) Furanic inhibitors as antitubercular agents / L.R. Chiarelli, M. ...
https://air.unimi.it/handle/2434/579371
Tuberculosis (TB) Medication: Antitubercular agents
Antitubercular agents. Class Summary. The goals of TB treatment are to shorten the clinical course of TB, prevent complications ... This is a bacteriostatic agent that is useful as a second-line agent against M tuberculosis. It is most commonly used for MDR- ... This agent is used twice weekly as part of a multiple drug regimen for 2 months during the intensive phase of TB treatment, ... This agent irreversibly binds to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, blocking the recognition step in protein synthesis and ...
https://www.staging.medscape.com/answers/230802-19658/what-is-the-efficacy-of-shorter-tuberculosis-tb-drug-regimens-compared-to-standard-6-month-regimens
IMSEAR at SEARO: Adverse reactions to antitubercular agents.
Vershney DP, Singhal KC, Gupta A. Adverse reactions to antitubercular agents. Journal of the Indian Medical Association. 1985 ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/97761
Nongonococcal Infectious Arthritis Medication: Antibiotics, Antitubercular agents, Antifungals, SystemicNongonococcal Infectious Arthritis Medication: Antibiotics, Antitubercular agents, Antifungals, Systemic
Antitubercular agents. Class Summary. Antitubercular agents are used when therapy for tuberculous arthritis is indicated. ... This agent binds to sterols (eg, ergosterol) in the fungal cell membrane, causing intracellular components to leak, with ... These agents are used when fungal arthritis, such as candidal arthritis, is documented. ... Mycobacterial and fungal infections are treated with agents appropriate to the causative pathogen. ...
https://emedicine.staging.medscape.com/article/334286-medication
Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modelling study of some novel carboxamide series as new anti-tubercular...Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modelling study of some novel carboxamide series as new anti-tubercular...
... modelling study of some novel carboxamide series as new anti-tubercular agents ...
https://bnrc.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s42269-020-00389-7/tables/8
Results of search for 'su:{Antitubercular agents.}' › WHO HQ Library catalog
Text; Format: print Publication details: Geneva : World Health Organization, 1991Other title: Drugs used in mycobacterial diseases.Title translated: Fiches modèles OMS d information à l usage des prescripteurs médicaments utilisés dans les mycobactérioses; Modelo OMS de información sobre prescripción de medicamentos :medicamentos utilizados en las enfermedades micobacterianas.Online access: Click here to access online Availability: Items available for loan: WHO HQ (3)Call number: QV 268 91WH, ... Not available: WHO HQ: Withdrawn (1). ...
https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=su:%7BAntitubercular%20agents.%7D
Nemurel - Antitubercular Agents, Leprostatic Agents, ATC:J04AD03Nemurel - Antitubercular Agents, Leprostatic Agents, ATC:J04AD03
For use in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis when other antitubercular drugs have failed. ...
https://pharmacycode.com/Nemurel.html
Antitubercular agents (Concept) - Sydney Jones Library, University of Liverpool
Antitubercular agents Resource Information The concept Antitubercular agents represents the subject, aboutness, idea or notion ... Antitubercular agents,/a,,/span, - ,span property=potentialAction typeOf=OrganizeAction,,span property=agent typeof= ... Antitubercular agents,/a,,/span, - ,span property=potentialAction typeOf=OrganizeAction,,span property=agent typeof= ... Antitubercular agents Label Antitubercular agents. Focus * Antitubercular agents 13 Items that share the Concept Antitubercular ...
https://link.liverpool.ac.uk/resource/kWFf9jC693M/
The use of next-generation sequencing technologies for the detection of mutations associated with drug resistance in...The use of next-generation sequencing technologies for the detection of mutations associated with drug resistance in...
Antitubercular Agents. en_US. dc.title. The use of next-generation sequencing technologies for the detection of mutations ...
https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/274443?show=full
Successful shortening of tuberculosis treatment using adjuvant host-directed therapy with FDA-approved phosphodiesterase...Successful shortening of tuberculosis treatment using adjuvant host-directed therapy with FDA-approved phosphodiesterase...
Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use* * Cilostazol * Disease Models, Animal * Mice * Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22319585/
Guidelines for the control of tuberculosis through DOTS strategy in Pacific Island countriesGuidelines for the control of tuberculosis through DOTS strategy in Pacific Island countries
Antitubercular Agents. en. dc.subject.mesh. Guideline. en. dc.subject.mesh. Pacific Islands. en. ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/207558?show=full
Synthesis and biological evaluation of some 4-aminoquinoline derivatives as potential antitubercular agents | Future Journal of...Synthesis and biological evaluation of some 4-aminoquinoline derivatives as potential antitubercular agents | Future Journal of...
Thus, 7-chloro-4-aminoquinolines could be a useful lead for the development of new MTB inhibitory agents. ... All synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ( ... From: Synthesis and biological evaluation of some 4-aminoquinoline derivatives as potential antitubercular agents ...
https://fjps.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43094-019-0016-7/tables/3
Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Categories: Antitubercular Agents Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
https://phil.cdc.gov/AdvancedSearchResults.aspx?Search=Antitubercular+Agents&parentid=3078&catid=3232
Classifications for Combined Hormonal Contraceptives | CDCClassifications for Combined Hormonal Contraceptives | CDC
Reimers D, Jezek A. [The simultaneous use of rifampicin and other antitubercular agents with oral contraceptives]. Prax Pneumol ... Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998;42:3266-8. PubMedexternal icon. *Silber TJ. Apparent oral contraceptive failure associated ... For agents with narrow therapeutic windows, such as tricyclic antidepressants, increased drug concentrations might pose safety ... Evidence: Studies of antiparasitic agents have shown no clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions with COCs (236,358- ...
https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/contraception/mmwr/mec/appendixd.html
Bedaquiline - WikipediaBedaquiline - Wikipedia
... a novel antitubercular agent for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis". Pharmacotherapy. 34 (11): 1187-97. doi: ... Bedaquiline was described for the first time in 2004 at the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedaquiline
Carolyn Ann Altman, M.D. | BCMCarolyn Ann Altman, M.D. | BCM
Altman C, Biour M, Grangé JD "[Hepatic toxicity of antitubercular agents. Role of different drugs. 199 cases].." Presse Med. ...
https://www.bcm.edu/people-search/carolyn-altman-17444
homehome
Antitubercular Agents Shortage, 2013 1 * Asymptomatic Infections Guidance - Multistate, 2012 1 * Bacteria 1 ...
https://stacks.cdc.gov/cbrowse?pid=cdc%3A24915&parentId=cdc%3A24915&start=460
World Journal of Virology - Baishideng Publishing GroupWorld Journal of Virology - Baishideng Publishing Group
Perriot J, Chambonnet E, Eschalier A. [Managing the adverse events of antitubercular agents]. Rev Mal Respir. 2011;28:542-555. ... Phenothiazines as anti-tubercular agents: mechanistic insights and clinical implications. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2011;20: ... International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 2017;50:23-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.01.036] [Cited by in Crossref: 8] ... Singh AK, Verma S, Kumar-M P, Soni H, Sharma S, Patil A, Sharma V. Appropriate chemopreventive strategy for anti-tubercular ...
https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3249/CitedArticlesInF6?id=10.1001%2Fjama.281.11.1014
Dr. D.Munirajasekhar - Google ScholarDr. D.Munirajasekhar - Google Scholar
Synthesis of novel azetidinone derivatives as antitubercular agents. M Himaja, A Karigar, M V Ramana, D Munirajasekhar, M S ... Synthesis, Docking and Biological Studies of the Linear Tetrapeptide PWPV-A Potent Insecticidal Agent. M Himaja, S Sharma, P ... SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF ANTITUBERCULAR ACTIVITY OF SOME LAMIVUDINE BASED HYBRID DRUGS.. M Himaja, MV Simha, D ...
https://scholar.google.co.in/citations?user=Eudk3yIAAAAJ&hl=en&oe=ASCII
The case for pre-approval access to bedaquiline - Health-e NewsThe case for pre-approval access to bedaquiline - Health-e News
Handbook of Anti-Tuberculosis Agents. ,/p, ,p,27. ZriliÄ V et al. Results of clinical trials of a new antitubercular agent, ... Handbook of Anti-Tuberculosis Agents. 27. ZriliÄ V et al. Results of clinical trials of a new antitubercular agent, terizidone ... Handbook of Anti-Tuberculosis Agents. ,/p, ,p,22. Dooley KE et al. Old Drugs, New Purpose: Retooling Existing Drugs for ... Handbook of Anti-Tuberculosis Agents. 22. Dooley KE et al. Old Drugs, New Purpose: Retooling Existing Drugs for Optimized ...
https://health-e.org.za/2012/11/26/the-case-for-pre-approval-access-to-bedaquiline/
ChemIDplus - 74-55-5 - AEUTYOVWOVBAKS-UWVGGRQHSA-N - Ethambutol [INN:BAN] - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas,...ChemIDplus - 74-55-5 - AEUTYOVWOVBAKS-UWVGGRQHSA-N - Ethambutol [INN:BAN] - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas,...
An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also ...
https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/74-55-5
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): Practice Essentials, Background, PathophysiologyRheumatoid Arthritis (RA): Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
Initiate or resume biologic agents after either 1 mo of treatment of LTBI with antitubercular regimen or completion of ... Infectious agents. For many decades, numerous infectious agents have been suggested as potential causes of RA, including ... The disease-modifying activity of several agents that have antimicrobial effects (eg, gold salts, antimalarial agents, ... Low Risk of Birth Defects for Infants Whose Mothers Are Treated With Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Agents During Pregnancy. Clin ...
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/331715-overview
GSK announces positive Phase IIa study results for a new first-in-class candidate medicine for patients with tuberculosis | GSKGSK announces positive Phase IIa study results for a new first-in-class candidate medicine for patients with tuberculosis | GSK
The investigational antitubercular agent will be tested in Phase IIb/c studies in different drug regimens to determine the ... GSK3036656 is a first-in-class investigational antitubercular agent which is being developed for the treatment of tuberculosis ... a first-in-class investigational antitubercular agent, was well tolerated and showed early bactericidal activity with a low, ... I am looking forward to evaluating GSK3036656 in shorter and better tolerated combinations with other new agents to bring about ...
https://www.gsk.com/en-gb/media/press-releases/gsk-announces-positive-phase-iia-study-results-for-a-new-first-in-class-candidate-medicine/
Cytokines and Rheumatoid ArthritisCytokines and Rheumatoid Arthritis
... all candidates for TB before initiating treatment with TNF-blocking agents and initiating treatment with an antitubercular ... Hence, these agents may become useful interventions earlier in the course of RA. Agent selection will depend primarily on the ... When considering new agents to treat RA, the FDA looks for 3 types of evidence: (1) improvement of signs and symptoms (eg, pain ... Its combination with TNF blocking agents has not been established as safe; small studies have shown an increased risk of ...
https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/2004-09-4527
Find Research outputs - Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
3D Atom based QSAR model of DprE1 inhibitors as Anti-tubercular Agents. Poojita, K., Fathima, F., Ray, R., Kumar, L. & Verma, R ... 4-triazoles acting as antitubercular agents. Ray, R., Shenoy, G. G. & Ganesh Kumar, T. N. V., 2021, In: Current Computer-Aided ... 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-containing hybrids as potential anticancer agents: Recent developments, mechanism of action and structure- ...
https://manipal.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/?showAdvanced=false&allConcepts=true&inferConcepts=false&publicationYear=2012&publicationYear=2014&publicationYear=2015&publicationYear=2017&format=&nofollow=true&ordering=publicationYearThenTitle&descending=false&page=473
Deciphering the mechanism of action of antitubercular compounds with metabolomics<...
Antitubercular Agents Medicine & Life Sciences 32% * Mass spectrometry Engineering & Materials Science 27% ... Deciphering the mechanism of action of antitubercular compounds with metabolomics. Isin T. Sakallioglu, Raúl G. Barletta, ... Sakallioglu IT, Barletta RG, Dussault PH, Powers R. Deciphering the mechanism of action of antitubercular compounds with ... Deciphering the mechanism of action of antitubercular compounds with metabolomics. / Sakallioglu, Isin T.; Barletta, Raúl G.; ...
https://experts.nebraska.edu/en/publications/deciphering-the-mechanism-of-action-of-antitubercular-compounds-w
DerivativesAntimicrobial agentsInhibitorsInvestigationalDrugsTuberculosisActionConceptTreatmentCombinationTargetTuberculosisMycobacteriumIsoniazidAntimycobacterial agentsDrugsAntibacterialInhibitorsPulmonaryCompoundsMedicinalEvaluationAntimicrobial Agents and CActivityAntidiarrhealInhibitPharmacologyMethodsPotentialPhenylAntiarrhythmic agentImmunosuppressive agentsMechanismDrugDosageDiseasesSearchTherapeutic agentsClassBiologicalBelongsJournal
Derivatives1
  • Shaik AB , Bhandare RR, Nissankararao S, Lokesh BVS, Shahanaaz S, Mukhlesur Rahman M. Synthesis, and biological screening of chloropyrazine conjugated benzothiazepine derivatives as potential antimicrobial, antitubercular and cytotoxic agents. (wjgnet.com)
Antimicrobial agents2
  • They were treated with multiple antimicrobial agents including antitubercular drugs before being correctly diagnosed as melioidosis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Differences among strains in their requirement for katG and glcB predicted differences in their response to these antimicrobial agents. (tamu.edu)
Inhibitors1
  • RA patients treated with combined TNF inhibitors and MTX have improved signs and symptoms of RA, less radiographic disease progression, good tolerance for these agents, and better medication adherence. (pharmacytimes.com)
Investigational3
  • GSK plc (LSE/NYSE: GSK) today announced positive results from a Phase IIa study demonstrating that GSK3036656, a first-in-class investigational antitubercular agent, was well tolerated and showed early bactericidal activity with a low, once-daily oral dose after 14 days of treatment in participants with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis. (gsk.com)
  • The investigational antitubercular agent will be tested in Phase IIb/c studies in different drug regimens to determine the appropriate partner agents to complement its anti-TB action and the optimal regimen durations. (gsk.com)
  • GSK plc (LSE/NYSE: GSK) announced positive results from a Phase IIa study demonstrating that GSK3036656, a first-in-class investigational antitubercular agent, was well t. (worldpharmanews.com)
Drugs3
  • For use in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis when other antitubercular drugs have failed. (pharmacycode.com)
  • 1 Improved understanding of the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has shifted treatment from the strictly empirical use of agents to the use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) with proven clinical effectiveness. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • This review describes recently introduced metabolomics methodologies and techniques for drug discovery, highlighting specific applications to the discovery of new antitubercular drugs and the elucidation of their MoAs. (nebraska.edu)
Tuberculosis3
  • I am looking forward to evaluating GSK3036656 in shorter and better tolerated combinations with other new agents to bring about a new era of tuberculosis treatment. (gsk.com)
  • Recent advancements and developments in search of anti-tuberculosis agents: A quinquennial update and future directions. (wjgnet.com)
  • Results from a Phase II trial have demonstrated the potential of GSK's first-in-class antitubercular agent to be a component of simpler treatment regimens for tuberculosis in the future. (informa.com)
Action1
  • Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE . (nih.gov)
Concept1
  • The concept Antitubercular agents represents the subject, aboutness, idea or notion of resources found in Sydney Jones Library, University of Liverpool . (liverpool.ac.uk)
Treatment1
  • Using expanded understanding and the availability of new agents as a basis, clinicians are employing several new treatment strategies. (pharmacytimes.com)
Combination1
  • It is used mostly in combination with other agents. (nih.gov)
Target1
  • 3,4 This insight has launched the development of biologic agents that target pivotal proinflammatory cytokines. (pharmacytimes.com)
Tuberculosis10
  • Manual de normas y procedimientos técnicos para la bacteriolog'ia de la tuberculosis / Comité Asesor de la OPS/OMS en Bacteriolog'ia de la Tuberculosis. (who.int)
  • Comité Asesor de la OPS/OMS en Bacteriolog'ia de la Tuberculosis. (who.int)
  • The α-aminophosphonate derivatives were for the first time evaluated for their antitubercular activity against the M. tuberculosis H37Ra (MTB) strain. (rsc.org)
  • Methods and compositions for treating disease caused by infectious agents, particularly tuberculosis. (justia.com)
  • Aminosalicylic acid is an anti-mycobacterial agent used with other anti-tuberculosis drugs (most often isoniazid) for the treatment of all forms of active tuberculosis due to susceptible strains of tubercle bacilli. (drugbank.com)
  • This research article presents a phytochemical study and antitubercular potential of methanol: water (MW), ethanol: water (EW) and dichloromethane: methanol (DM) of extracts of Dendrophthoe falcata (L.) and Tridax procumbens (L.) tested against of H37Rv Mycobacterium tuberculosis using microplate alamar blue assay (MABA) method. (ijpsr.com)
  • We propose the use of anti-angiogenic agents, now being used in cancer regimens, as a host-targeting tuberculosis therapy, particularly in extensively drug-resistant disease for which current antibiotic regimens are largely ineffective. (nature.com)
  • We suspected tuberculosis of abdomen as patient gave history of intake of antitubercular drugs for 9 months 1 year back. (hindawi.com)
  • An alarming dimension to this problem is the fact that some strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of TB, have developed resistance to some antibiotics used to kill them, leading to the emergence of 'drug resistant TB' and causing a global threat. (researchmatters.in)
  • Some new compounds have been tested for antitubercular activity in-vitro using Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (ajrconline.org)
Mycobacterium2
  • Antitubercular medications treat mycobacterium and TB infections which are pulmonary and extrapulmonary (kidney, spine or brain). (nursing.com)
  • If you see mycobacterium, I want to immediately think antitubercular medications. (nursing.com)
Isoniazid2
  • An antitubercular agent often administered in association with isoniazid. (drugbank.com)
  • Isoniazid (INH), a frontline antitubercular medication, inhibits InhA, the enoyl reductase from (MDRTB), the causative agent, and by the increased susceptibility of HIV-positive people to the disease (1C4). (casein-kinases.com)
Antimycobacterial agents1
  • Antimicrobial therapy of TB is a challenge due to poor response to drug therapy, and the low permeation of antimycobacterial agents necessitates the long-term use of high drug doses. (dovepress.com)
Drugs8
  • Rifadin belongs to a class of drugs called Antitubercular Agents. (rxlist.com)
  • Translating these strategies into clinically useful drugs engages the chemistry portion of the group in areas such as chemical modification of promising new synthetic antitubercular compounds, identification and optimization of products derived from natural sources with antitubercular activity, and development of novel delivery methods and formulations. (nih.gov)
  • Four forms of a salt combining two antitubercular drugs, clofazimine and 4-aminosalicylic acid, are reported and the crystal structure of two of these forms are described. (unamur.be)
  • Now, the types of drugs in the antitubercular section include the following. (nursing.com)
  • We administered antitubercular drugs alone and in combination with fruit extract of Lagenaria siceraria (EELS 100mg/kg and EELS 200mg/kg) in healthy albino rats by oral route for 15 days. (ijbcp.com)
  • Ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria fruit possesses significant hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity in antitubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity. (ijbcp.com)
  • In our case series of four patients two of them had ileocaecal masses with recurrent subacute intestinal obstruction with past history of intake of antitubercular drugs for 9 months. (hindawi.com)
  • You now are to be your resources pdf Matters of in a antitubercular hernia, very of resulting to each of those drugs and occurring out their disorder drugs. (lakesinclair.org)
Antibacterial1
  • Patient should be treated with local exploration and excision of sinuses that developed at the site, followed by antibacterial agents and anti tubercular medication for six to 9 months. (laparoscopyhospital.com)
Inhibitors2
  • This course of inhibitors retains out the guarantee of rational advancement of brand-new anti-tubercular agents. (acmbcb.org)
  • These effects as single agents in AML using FLT3 inhibitors have now been, maybe not surprisingly, disappointing. (igf-1rinhibitors.com)
Pulmonary1
  • First, individuals who require mandatory LTBI screening include those infected with human immunodeficiency virus, adults and children who encounter active pulmonary TB cases, people taking anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha agents, patients receiving dialysis, those preparing for organ or hematological transplantation, and patients with silicosis. (parasitol.or.kr)
Compounds1
  • Several compounds in this class are used as ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS. (bireme.br)
Medicinal1
  • D. Sriram, P. Yogeeswari and K. Madhu, "Synthesis and in Vitro Antitubercular Activity of Some 1-[(4-sub) Phenyl]-3-(4-{1-[(Pyridine-4-Carbonyl)Hydrazono]Ethyl} Phenyl)Thiourea," Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, Vol. 16, No. 4, 2006, pp. 876-878. (scirp.org)
Evaluation1
  • An evaluation of the data on the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity shows that 4n and 4v are promising antitubercular agents. (rsc.org)
Antimicrobial Agents and C1
  • Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. (unl.pt)
Activity9
  • The resulting NPs were characterised in terms of physicochemical characteristics, toxicity, cellular uptake and antitubercular activity. (dovepress.com)
  • The application of PLGA-based NPs as sustained-release delivery vehicles for RPT could prolong drug release, modify pharmacokinetics, increase antitubercular activity and diminish toxicity, thereby allowing low dosage and frequency. (dovepress.com)
  • This agent also exhibits antiproliferative activity in endometrial tissue and may exhibit chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities in endometrial carcinoma. (medindex.am)
  • In addition, this agent binds to muscarinic receptors, resulting in anticholinergic activity. (medindex.am)
  • 2018. Discovery and Structure-Activity-Relationship Study of N-Alkyl-5-hydroxypyrimidinone Carboxamides as Novel Antitubercular Agents Targeting Decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-ribose 2'-Oxidase. . (cornell.edu)
  • 4. DEFINITION substance or agent that reduces the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system. (slideshare.net)
  • The substance or agent that reduces the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system are called as parasympatholytic agent or Anti cholinergic agent. (slideshare.net)
  • 5. DEFINITION substance or agent that inhibit the activity of the acetyl choline. (slideshare.net)
  • The substance or agent that inhibit the activity of the acetyl choline are called as parasympatholytic agent or Anti cholinergic agent. (slideshare.net)
Antidiarrheal1
  • Which medications in the drug class Antidiarrheal agents are used in the treatment of Acute Gastritis? (medscape.com)
Inhibit1
  • Lastly, a model is presented which describes the mechanisms by which distinct efflux pumps of the phagosome-lysosome complex are inhibited by agents that are known to inhibit K + flux. (unl.pt)
Pharmacology1
  • Priority nursing concepts for a patient taking antitubercular medications include: infection control and pharmacology. (nursing.com)
Methods1
  • Several methods exist for testing the antitubercular potential of plant extracts such as fluorescence-based testing on the Bactec MGIT960 system, use of redox indicator dyes such as alamar blue or resazurin and MTT, using colony forming units (CFU) on solid agar plates. (ijpsr.com)
Potential3
  • This review covers the specific characteristics of MDR-TB, identifies a variety of agents that address these characteristics and therefore have potential for managing MDR-TB. (unl.pt)
  • Any collective work between these two universities will benefit from the availability of potential anti-tubercular agents of plant origin harboured in the highly bio-diverse forests of Assam and the technical expertise of Dr Bhakta in testing the effectiveness of these agents in a wet lab setting. (bbk.ac.uk)
  • The discovery of anti-tubercular agents inhibiting tryptophan synthase highlights the therapeutic potential of this enzyme and draws attention to the prospect of other amino acid biosynthetic pathways as future Mtb drug targets. (aston.ac.uk)
Phenyl2
  • Design and synthesis of novel 3(4fluoro3methyl phenyl)1phenyl5(substituted)2pyrazolines as potent analgesic and antiinflammatory agents. (gitam.edu)
  • Design and synthesis of novel 1((dimethylamino)methyl)3(4(3(substituted phenyl)4oxothiazolidin2yl)phenylimino)5nitroindolin2ones as potent antitubercular agents. (gitam.edu)
Antiarrhythmic agent1
  • The fumarate salt form of ibutilide, a class III antiarrhythmic agent. (medindex.am)
Immunosuppressive agents1
  • Treatment of eosinophilic enterocolitis is antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, glucocorticosteroids, and immunosuppressive agents along with surgery for acute surgical emergencies. (hindawi.com)
Mechanism2
  • Because the mechanism by which these agents enhance the killing of intracellular bacteria is important for the intelligent design of new anti-tubercular agents, the review correlates the mechanisms by which these agents manifest their effects. (unl.pt)
  • Despite the special mechanism of action among ALS relevant therapies, there's too little safety or efficacy data because of this agent in ALS patients. (pparsignaling.com)
Drug3
  • The poor response to antitubercular agents necessitates the long-term use of high drug doses, resulting in low patient compliance, which is the main reason for chemotherapy failure and contributes to the development of multidrug-resistant TB. (dovepress.com)
  • Extensively drug resistant strains that are resistant to first and second line antitubercular agents have been identified around the world. (ccghe.net)
  • Antitubercular drug induced hepatotoxicity is mediated through oxidative and free radical damage to hepatocytes. (ijbcp.com)
Dosage1
  • The purpose of present research work was to develop an Emulgels formulation of Terbinafine hydrochloride using carbopol 934 as a gelling agent and propylene Glycol as penetration enhancer for topical delivery with the aim to avoid hepatic first-pass metabolism, to improve stability of emulsion, to reduce dosage regimen and enhance residence time in the treatment of fungal infection. (iajpr.com)
Diseases1
  • They had expertise in the use of biological agents for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. (bmj.com)
Search1
  • Results of search for 'su:{Antitubercular agents. (who.int)
Therapeutic agents1
  • We focus on vulnerabilities in microorganism metabolism that might be targeted by small molecule therapeutic agents. (gwu.edu)
Class1
  • A benzoic acid derivative belonging to the meglitinide class of antidiabetic agents. (medindex.am)
Biological1
  • As in previous years, the consensus group to consider the use of biological agents was constituted by rheumatologists from the universities of Erlangen, Leiden, and Vienna in Europe in cooperation with other universities in the USA, Canada, and Europe. (bmj.com)
Belongs1
  • brand names include: EMB / Etibi / Combutol / Mycobutol / Tibitol / Servambutol / Tibinil) belongs to a group of medicines called antitubercular agents. (antibact911.us)
Journal1
  • International Journal Of Antimicrobial Agents. (unl.pt)
Browsing by Subject Antitubercular Agents
Browsing by Subject "Antitubercular Agents" (extranet.who.int)
Browsing WHA62 by Subject Antitubercular Agents
Browsing WHA62 by Subject "Antitubercular Agents" (extranet.who.int)
The use of next-generation sequencing technologies for the detection of mutations associated with drug resistance in...
The use of next-generation sequencing technologies for the detection of mutations associated with drug resistance in... (apps.who.int)
Guidelines for the control of tuberculosis through DOTS strategy in Pacific Island countries
Guidelines for the control of tuberculosis through DOTS strategy in Pacific Island countries (apps.who.int)
Browsing EMRO Publications by Subject Antitubercular Agents
Browsing EMRO Publications by Subject "Antitubercular Agents" (extranet.who.int)
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Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Karachi juvenile jail, Pakistan
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Karachi juvenile jail, Pakistan (extranet.who.int)
Towards universal access to diagnosis and treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis by 2015 ...
Towards universal access to diagnosis and treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis by 2015 ... (extranet.who.int)
Профилактика туберкулеза со множественной и широкой лекарственной устойчивостью и борьба с ним.
Профилактика туберкулеза со множественной и широкой лекарственной устойчивостью и борьба с ним. (extranet.who.int)
Guiding Principles to Reduce Tuberculosis Transmission in the WHO European Region
Guiding Principles to Reduce Tuberculosis Transmission in the WHO European Region (extranet.who.int)
Tuberculose multirésistante et ultrarésistante : prévention et lutte: réunion ministérielle des pays à forte charge de...
Tuberculose multirésistante et ultrarésistante : prévention et lutte: réunion ministérielle des pays à forte charge de... (extranet.who.int)
L' accès aux traitements antirétroviraux et aux soins : expérience de l' initiative sur l' équité face au VIH à Cange (...
L' accès aux traitements antirétroviraux et aux soins : expérience de l' initiative sur l' équité face au VIH à Cange (... (extranet.who.int)
Report of the guideline development group meeting on the use of bedaquiline in the treatment of multidrug-resistant...
Report of the guideline development group meeting on the use of bedaquiline in the treatment of multidrug-resistant... (extranet.who.int)
Multidrug and extensively drug-resistant TB (‎M/XDR-TB)‎ : 2010 global report on surveillance and response
Multidrug and extensively drug-resistant TB (‎M/XDR-TB)‎ : 2010 global report on surveillance and response (extranet.who.int)
Lutte contre la tuberculose multirésistante et accès aux médicaments coûteux : un cadre rationnel / Ariel Pablos-Méndez,...
Lutte contre la tuberculose multirésistante et accès aux médicaments coûteux : un cadre rationnel / Ariel Pablos-Méndez,... (extranet.who.int)
The use of bedaquiline in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: interim policy guidance
The use of bedaquiline in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: interim policy guidance (extranet.who.int)
Comparison of the effectiveness of 2 treatment regimens in patients with isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis
Comparison of the effectiveness of 2 treatment regimens in patients with isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis (extranet.who.int)
Access to antiretroviral treatment and care : experience of the HIV Equity Initiative, Cange, Haiti : case study / Joia...
Access to antiretroviral treatment and care : experience of the HIV Equity Initiative, Cange, Haiti : case study / Joia... (extranet.who.int)
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Antitubercular Agents | Drug, OTCs & Herbals | Medscape Reference
Antitubercular Agents | Drug, OTCs & Herbals | Medscape Reference (reference.medscape.com)
Cholestasis Medication: Choleretic agents, Barbiturates, Vitamins, Opioid antagonists, Bile salt resins, Antibiotics,...
Cholestasis Medication: Choleretic agents, Barbiturates, Vitamins, Opioid antagonists, Bile salt resins, Antibiotics,... (medscape.com)
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