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Antithyroid AgentsMethimazolePropylthiouracilCarbimazoleGraves DiseaseHyperthyroidismThyrotoxicosisImmunoglobulins, Thyroid-StimulatingThyroid GlandThyroxineThyroid Function TestsHypothyroidismThyrotropinAgranulocytosisThyroid DiseasesThiouracilReceptors, ThyrotropinTriiodothyronineThyroiditis, AutoimmuneThyroid HormonesIodine RadioisotopesThyroiditisGoiterAutoantibodiesThyroglobulinThyroidectomyHashimoto DiseaseMethylthiouracilIodide PeroxidasePerchloratesDermatitis, ExfoliativeNephrotic SyndromeAnemia, AplasticPruritusEye DiseasesBooksBacteriologyOphthalmologyNobel PrizeHistory, 19th CenturyBook SelectionDrug Information ServicesGraves OphthalmopathyExophthalmosTaste ThresholdTasteTaste PerceptionTaste BudsPhenylthioureaFeeding BehaviorPubMedPeriodicals as TopicPublishingMEDLINESerial PublicationsBiological Science Disciplines
Antithyroid Agents
Agents that are used to treat hyperthyroidism by reducing the excessive production of thyroid hormones.
Methimazole
A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.
Propylthiouracil
A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534)
Carbimazole
An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.
Graves Disease
A common form of hyperthyroidism with a diffuse hyperplastic GOITER. It is an autoimmune disorder that produces antibodies against the THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR. These autoantibodies activate the TSH receptor, thereby stimulating the THYROID GLAND and hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES. These autoantibodies can also affect the eyes (GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY) and the skin (Graves dermopathy).
Hyperthyroidism
Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE.
Thyrotoxicosis
A hypermetabolic syndrome caused by excess THYROID HORMONES which may come from endogenous or exogenous sources. The endogenous source of hormone may be thyroid HYPERPLASIA; THYROID NEOPLASMS; or hormone-producing extrathyroidal tissue. Thyrotoxicosis is characterized by NERVOUSNESS; TACHYCARDIA; FATIGUE; WEIGHT LOSS; heat intolerance; and excessive SWEATING.
Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating
Autoantibodies that bind to the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (RECEPTORS, THYROTROPIN) on thyroid epithelial cells. The autoantibodies mimic TSH causing an unregulated production of thyroid hormones characteristic of GRAVES DISEASE.
Thyroid Gland
A highly vascularized endocrine gland consisting of two lobes joined by a thin band of tissue with one lobe on each side of the TRACHEA. It secretes THYROID HORMONES from the follicular cells and CALCITONIN from the parafollicular cells thereby regulating METABOLISM and CALCIUM level in blood, respectively.
Thyroxine
The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.
Thyroid Function Tests
Blood tests used to evaluate the functioning of the thyroid gland.
Hypothyroidism
A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA.
Thyrotropin
A glycoprotein hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Thyrotropin stimulates THYROID GLAND by increasing the iodide transport, synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE). Thyrotropin consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH; LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.
Agranulocytosis
A decrease in the number of GRANULOCYTES; (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS).
Thyroid Diseases
Pathological processes involving the THYROID GLAND.
Thiouracil
Occurs in seeds of Brassica and Crucifera species. Thiouracil has been used as antithyroid, coronary vasodilator, and in congestive heart failure although its use has been largely supplanted by other drugs. It is known to cause blood dyscrasias and suspected of terato- and carcinogenesis.
Receptors, Thyrotropin
Cell surface proteins that bind pituitary THYROTROPIN (also named thyroid stimulating hormone or TSH) and trigger intracellular changes of the target cells. TSH receptors are present in the nervous system and on target cells in the thyroid gland. Autoantibodies to TSH receptors are implicated in thyroid diseases such as GRAVES DISEASE and Hashimoto disease (THYROIDITIS, AUTOIMMUNE).
Triiodothyronine
A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.
Thyroiditis, Autoimmune
Inflammatory disease of the THYROID GLAND due to autoimmune responses leading to lymphocytic infiltration of the gland. It is characterized by the presence of circulating thyroid antigen-specific T-CELLS and thyroid AUTOANTIBODIES. The clinical signs can range from HYPOTHYROIDISM to THYROTOXICOSIS depending on the type of autoimmune thyroiditis.
Thyroid Hormones
Natural hormones secreted by the THYROID GLAND, such as THYROXINE, and their synthetic analogs.
Iodine Radioisotopes
Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes.
Thyroiditis
Inflammatory diseases of the THYROID GLAND. Thyroiditis can be classified into acute (THYROIDITIS, SUPPURATIVE), subacute (granulomatous and lymphocytic), chronic fibrous (Riedel's), chronic lymphocytic (HASHIMOTO DISEASE), transient (POSTPARTUM THYROIDITIS), and other AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS subtypes.
Goiter
Enlargement of the THYROID GLAND that may increase from about 20 grams to hundreds of grams in human adults. Goiter is observed in individuals with normal thyroid function (euthyroidism), thyroid deficiency (HYPOTHYROIDISM), or hormone overproduction (HYPERTHYROIDISM). Goiter may be congenital or acquired, sporadic or endemic (GOITER, ENDEMIC).
Autoantibodies
Antibodies that react with self-antigens (AUTOANTIGENS) of the organism that produced them.
Thyroglobulin
Thyroidectomy
Surgical removal of the thyroid gland. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Hashimoto Disease
Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, characterized by the presence of high serum thyroid AUTOANTIBODIES; GOITER; and HYPOTHYROIDISM.
Methylthiouracil
A thiourea antithyroid agent that inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormone. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.
Iodide Peroxidase
A hemeprotein that catalyzes the oxidation of the iodide radical to iodine with the subsequent iodination of many organic compounds, particularly proteins. EC 1.11.1.8.
Perchlorates
Compounds that contain the Cl(=O)(=O)(=O)O- structure. Included under this heading is perchloric acid and the salts and ester forms of perchlorate.
Dermatitis, Exfoliative
The widespread involvement of the skin by a scaly, erythematous dermatitis occurring either as a secondary or reactive process to an underlying cutaneous disorder (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc.), or as a primary or idiopathic disease. It is often associated with the loss of hair and nails, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, and pruritus. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Nephrotic Syndrome
A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.
Anemia, Aplastic
A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.
Pruritus
An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.
Eye Diseases
Diseases affecting the eye.
Books
Bacteriology
The study of the structure, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of bacteria, and BACTERIAL INFECTIONS.
Ophthalmology
A surgical specialty concerned with the structure and function of the eye and the medical and surgical treatment of its defects and diseases.
Nobel Prize
History, 19th Century
Time period from 1801 through 1900 of the common era.
Book Selection
Drug Information Services
Services providing pharmaceutic and therapeutic drug information and consultation.
Graves Ophthalmopathy
An autoimmune disorder of the EYE, occurring in patients with Graves disease. Subtypes include congestive (inflammation of the orbital connective tissue), myopathic (swelling and dysfunction of the extraocular muscles), and mixed congestive-myopathic ophthalmopathy.
Exophthalmos
Abnormal protrusion of both eyes; may be caused by endocrine gland malfunction, malignancy, injury, or paralysis of the extrinsic muscles of the eye.
Taste Threshold
The minimum concentration at which taste sensitivity to a particular substance or food can be perceived.
Taste
The ability to detect chemicals through gustatory receptors in the mouth, including those on the TONGUE; the PALATE; the PHARYNX; and the EPIGLOTTIS.
Taste Perception
The process by which the nature and meaning of gustatory stimuli are recognized and interpreted by the brain. The four basic classes of taste perception are salty, sweet, bitter, and sour.
Taste Buds
Small sensory organs which contain gustatory receptor cells, basal cells, and supporting cells. Taste buds in humans are found in the epithelia of the tongue, palate, and pharynx. They are innervated by the CHORDA TYMPANI NERVE (a branch of the facial nerve) and the GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE.
Phenylthiourea
Feeding Behavior
Behavioral responses or sequences associated with eating including modes of feeding, rhythmic patterns of eating, and time intervals.
PubMed
A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. PubMed, which is searchable through NLM's Web site, also includes access to additional citations to selected life sciences journals not in MEDLINE, and links to other resources such as the full-text of articles at participating publishers' Web sites, NCBI's molecular biology databases, and PubMed Central.
Periodicals as Topic
A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.
Publishing
"The business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature" (Webster's 3d). It includes the publisher, publication processes, editing and editors. Production may be by conventional printing methods or by electronic publishing.
MEDLINE
The premier bibliographic database of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. MEDLINE® (MEDLARS Online) is the primary subset of PUBMED and can be searched on NLM's Web site in PubMed or the NLM Gateway. MEDLINE references are indexed with MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MeSH).
Serial Publications
Publications in any medium issued in successive parts bearing numerical or chronological designations and intended to be continued indefinitely. (ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983, p203)
Biological Science Disciplines
All of the divisions of the natural sciences dealing with the various aspects of the phenomena of life and vital processes. The concept includes anatomy and physiology, biochemistry and biophysics, and the biology of animals, plants, and microorganisms. It should be differentiated from BIOLOGY, one of its subdivisions, concerned specifically with the origin and life processes of living organisms.

Alternating antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody specificity: drug-induced vasculitis in a patient with Wegener's granulomatosis. (1/466)

We describe a patient who presented with Wegener's granulomatosis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) directed against proteinase 3 (PR3) with a cytoplasmic immunofluorescence pattern (cANCA), whose ANCA type changed to antimyeloperoxidase antibodies with a perinuclear immunofluorescence pattern (pANCA) when treated with propylthiouracil, and changed back to anti-PR3 antibodies with cANCA after the medication was discontinued. The patient developed flares of vasculitis symptoms associated with rises in either type of ANCA. Tests for antimyeloperoxidase ANCA were repeatedly negative before the drug was started, strongly implicating the drug as the cause of the episode. This case demonstrates that patients with idiopathic ANCA-positive vasculitis may quickly develop a superimposed drug-associated ANCA-positive vasculitis. Iatrogenic vasculitis should be suspected when a patient with idiopathic vasculitis with one type of ANCA develops the other type of ANCA.  (+info)

Screening methods for thyroid hormone disruptors. (2/466)

The U.S. Congress has passed legislation requiring the EPA to implement screening tests for identifying endocrine-disrupting chemicals. A series of workshops was sponsored by the EPA, the Chemical Manufacturers Association, and the World Wildlife Fund; one workshop focused on screens for chemicals that alter thyroid hormone function and homeostasis. Participants at this meeting identified and examined methods to detect alterations in thyroid hormone synthesis, transport, and catabolism. In addition, some methods to detect chemicals that bind to the thyroid hormone receptors acting as either agonists or antagonists were also identified. Screening methods used in mammals as well as other vertebrate classes were examined. There was a general consensus that all known chemicals which interfere with thyroid hormone function and homeostasis act by either inhibiting synthesis, altering serum transport proteins, or by increasing catabolism of thyroid hormones. There are no direct data to support the assertion that certain environmental chemicals bind and activate the thyroid hormone receptors; further research is indicated. In light of this, screening methods should reflect known mechanisms of action. Most methods examined, albeit useful for mechanistic studies, were thought to be too specific and therefore would not be applicable for broad-based screening. Determination of serum thyroid hormone concentrations following chemical exposure in rodents was thought to be a reasonable initial screen. Concurrent histologic evaluation of the thyroid would strengthen this screen. Similar methods in teleosts may be useful as screens, but would require indicators of tissue production of thyroid hormones. The use of tadpole metamorphosis as a screen may also be useful; however, this method requires validation and standardization prior to use as a broad-based screen.  (+info)

Risk of iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis after coronary angiography: an investigation in 788 unselected subjects. (3/466)

In this study, the risk of iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis in unselected patients from an iodine-deficient area was investigated. The patients were consecutively enrolled. Thyroid hormone values and urinary iodine excretion were determined before, as well as 1, 4 and 12 weeks after iodine contamination by coronary angiography. Two of 788 unselected patients developed hyperthyroidism within 12 weeks. The two patients did not belong to a risk group for iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis (i.e. old people, patients with goiter or possible thyroid autonomy, low TSH). Both patients had normal TSH levels at baseline and ultrasound of the thyroid was without evidence of nodules. The study shows that in euthyroid unselected patients from an iodine-deficient area short-term iodine contamination by contrast media rarely leads to hyperthyroidism. On account of these facts, prophylactic therapy, e.g. by perchlorate or thiamazole, is not generally recommended, because the risk of side-effects is perhaps even greater than the risk of iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis.  (+info)

Identification of thyroid hormone residues on serum thyroglobulin: a clue to the source of circulating thyroglobulin in thyroid diseases. (4/466)

Thyroglobulin (Tg) present in the serum of normal individuals and patients with thyroid disorders could be partly newly synthesized non-iodinated Tg and partly Tg containing iodine and hormone residues originating from the lumen of thyroid follicles. With the aim of examining the contribution of the latter source of Tg to the elevation of serum Tg concentration in thyroid pathophysiological situations, we devised a procedure to identify thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3) residues on Tg from unfractionated serum. A two-step method, basedon (i)adsorption of Tg on an immobilized anti-human Tg (hTg) monoclonal antibody (mAb) and (ii)recognition of hormone residues on adsorbed Tg by binding of radioiodinated anti-T4 mAb and anti-T3 mAb, was used to analyze serum Tg from patients with either Graves' disease (GD), subacute thyroiditis (ST) or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Purified hTg preparations with different iodine and hormone contents were used as reference. Adsorption of purified Tg and serum Tg on immobilized anti-hTg mAb ranged between 85 and 90% over a wide concentration range. Labeled anti-T4 and anti-T3 mAbs bound to adsorbed purified Tg in amounts related to its iodine content. Tg adsorbed from six out of six sera from ST exhibited anti-T4 and anti-T3 mAb binding activities. In contrast, significant mAb binding was only observed in one out of eight sera from untreated GD patients and in 1 out of 13 sera from patients with DTC. The patient with DTC, whose serum Tg contained T4 and T3, represented a case of hyperthyroidism caused by a metastatic follicular carcinoma. In conclusion, we have identified, for the first time, T4 and T3 residues on circulating Tg. The presence of Tg with hormone residues in serum is occasional in GD and DTC but is a common and probably distinctive feature of ST.  (+info)

Improved suppression by dietary taurine of the fecal excretion of bile acids from hypothyroid rats. (5/466)

The effect of dietary taurine, 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, on hypercholesterolemia caused by thiouracil-induced hypothyroidism was investigated in hypothyroid rats. Serum total- and HDL-cholesterol were significantly increased, and the excretion of fecal bile acids was significantly decreased. Taurine did not change the hypercholesterolemia, but significantly recovered the excretion of bile acids.  (+info)

Effects of oral propylthiouracil treatment on nitric oxide production in rat aorta. (6/466)

The effects of oral propylthiouracil (PTU) treatment on vascular nitric oxide (NO) production were studied in the rat aorta. Rats were fed a standard low fat diet with or without 0.1% PTU, for 2 or 4 weeks, or for 2 weeks with additional thyroxine injections. Concentration response curves were then constructed to phenylephrine (PE) in both endothelium-intact and denuded aortic rings from these animals and after incubation with 0.1 mM L-N(G)nitroarginine (L-NOARG). In addition, expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was analysed in sections of aorta from PTU-treated and control rats using rabbit polyclonal antibodies to both inducible NOS (iNOS) and endothelial NOS (eNOS). Oral PTU treatment resulted in a significant reduction in both the maximum response (control, 0.53+/-0.02; 2 week PTU, 0.20+/-0.07; 4 week PTU, 0.07+/-0.02 g mg(-1)) and vessel sensitivity (EC50 values: control, 9.10x10(-8)+/-0.67; 2 week PTU, 7.45x10(-7)+/-1.15; 4 week PTU, 9.73x10(-7)+/-0.45 M) to PE in endothelium-intact vessel rings, as compared to controls (P<0.05). Both endothelial removal and incubation with L-NOARG restored the maximum response after 2, but not 4 weeks, although, in general, vessel sensitivity was not altered by either treatment. Vessels from PTU-treated rats given thyroxine injections showed no significant differences between any of the dose response curve parameters. Immunohistochemical analysis suggested that labelling for eNOS may be increased after PTU treatment as compared to control animals, whereas iNOS antibody immunoreactivity was not different between the two groups. These results suggest that the hyporesponsiveness to PE observed after oral PTU treatment is, in part, due to enhanced nitric oxide (NO) production by the endothelium, and demonstrate for the first time that thyroid hormones may play a role in the regulation of eNOS activity in the rat aorta.  (+info)

Remission of insulin autoimmune syndrome in a patient with Grave's disease by treatment with methimazole. (7/466)

The patient, a 24-year-old man, had suffered from hunger, sweating, tachycardia and palpitation for three years. He was diagnosed as having Graves' disease (GD) and treated with methimazole (MMI) for 3 months. He noted that palpitation and perspiration seemed to particularly occur when he was hungry, and thus he was examined to determine whether these symptoms were caused by hypoglycemia. As a markedly elevated immunoreactive insulin level and the presence of insulin antibody in serum were found, he was diagnosed as having insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS). HLA typing revealed the patient to be positive for group Bw62/Cw4/DR4, which is reportedly a specific HLA type in MMI-treated euthyoroid GD patients with IAS. In spite of the continuation of MMI treatment, the % binding of IRI decreased and the hypoglycemic episode disappeared. In contrast to the previously reported MMI induced IAS in GD cases, MMI is unlikely to have exacerbated IAS in the present case, although his HLA combination is identical to that of the previous cases.  (+info)

Hypercalcemia accompanied by hypothalamic hypopituitarism, central diabetes inspidus and hyperthyroidism. (8/466)

We present here a case of prominent hypercalcemia accompanied by hypothalamic tumor and Graves' disease. A 24-year-old man with hypothalamic tumor showed hypopituitarism, central diabetes inspidus (DI) and hyperthyroidism. Nausea, loss of thirst and appetite, and general fatigue were found with the unveiling of hypercalcemia and hypernatremia. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 1alpha-dihydroxyvitamin D levels were suppressed with a normal range of PTH-related protein values. One-desamino-(8-D-arginine)-vasopressin (DDAVP) and half-saline administration normalized hypernatremia, while hypercalcemia was still sustained. Administration of cortisone acetate and thiamazole reduced the elevated serum Ca level. In the present case, concurrent hyperthyroidism was assumed to accelerate skeletal mobilization of calcium into the circulation. Hypocortisolism and central DI was also considered to contribute, to some extent, to the hypercalcemia through renal handling of Ca.  (+info)

Antithyroid agent - WikipediaAntithyroid agent - Wikipedia
An antithyroid agent is a hormone antagonist acting upon thyroid hormones. The main antithyroid drugs are carbimazole (in the UK), methimazole (in the US), and propylthiouracil/PTU. A less common antithyroid agent is potassium perchlorate. In Graves disease, treatment with antithyroid medications must be given for six months to two years, in order to be effective. Even then, upon cessation of the drugs, the hyperthyroid state may recur. Side effects of the antithyroid medications include a potentially fatal reduction in the level of white blood cells. A randomized control trial testing single dose treatment for Graves found methimazole achieved euthyroid state more effectively after 12 weeks than did propylthyouracil (77.1% on methimazole 15 mg vs 19.4% in the propylthiouracil 150 mg groups). But generally both drugs are considered equivalent. A study has shown no difference in outcome for adding thyroxine to antithyroid medication and continuing thyroxine versus placebo after antithyroid ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antithyroid_agent
Drug, antithyroid. Causes, symptoms, treatment Drug, antithyroidDrug, antithyroid. Causes, symptoms, treatment Drug, antithyroid
Description of disease Drug, antithyroid. Treatment Drug, antithyroid. Symptoms and causes Drug, antithyroid Prophylaxis Drug, antithyroid
http://drugster.info/medic/term/drug-antithyroid/
Antithyroid Medications for Graves DiseaseAntithyroid Medications for Graves Disease
The primary goals of treatment for hyperthyroidism are to eliminate excess thyroid hormone and minimize the long-term consequences.9 Treatments include radio-active iodine, antithyroid medications (propylthiouracil [PTU], methimazole [MMI]), and surgery.2,8-10 Beta-blockers are sometimes added to provide symptomatic relief.9,13,15. Radioactive Iodine Therapy (RIT): The usual dose for RIT ranges from 5 to 15 mCi of 131I. In general, higher dosages are required for patients who have large goiters or low radioiodine uptake, or who have been pretreated with antithyroid drugs.15,16. Because the thyroid needs iodine to produce hormones, the radioiodine goes into the thyroid cells and, over time, overactive thyroid cells are destroyed. The thyroid gland shrinks, and in several weeks to months, hyperthyroid symptoms gradually diminish.16 RIT may increase the risk of new or worsened symptoms of Graves ophthalmopathy. This adverse effect is usually mild and temporary, but the therapy may not be utilized ...
https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/antithyroid-medications-for-graves-disease
Hyperthyroidism, Thyrotoxicosis What is New? - Thyroid Center of Santa MonicaHyperthyroidism, Thyrotoxicosis What is New? - Thyroid Center of Santa Monica
1. Diagnosis:. Clinical presentation and initial biochemical evaluation should make the diagnosis in most cases.However, a case of a patient with no goiter and no apparent eye disease may need more testing.The thyroid stimulating antibody TRAb, iodine uptake, or ultrasound can be used. Thyroid scan is indicated if toxic adenoma or toxic multinodular goiter is suspected.. 2. Use TRAb to control antithyroid drug therapy. 13% of patients have reactions. Minor allergic reactions to serious reactions that include a loss of white blood cells, blood vessel disease, and liver toxicity... TRAb levels should be measured before the end of antithyroid drug therapy to identify patients with a higher chance of remission.1. Patients with high TRAb could opt for Surgery or radioiodine.. 3. Safety of long-term antithyroid drug therapy makes it more accepted to be on antithyroid drugs long-term.. Methimazole doses of 2.5 mg/d to 10mg/d is safe and effective and had better outcomes and fewer side effects than ...
http://thyroidnosurgery.com/hyperthyroidism/hyperthyroidism-thyrotoxicosis-what-is-new/
Antithyroid drugs in Graves hyperthyroidism: differences between block and replace and titration regimes in frequency of...Antithyroid drugs in Graves hyperthyroidism: differences between block and replace and titration regimes in frequency of...
Purpose Whereas antithyroid drugs (ATD) are the preferred treatment modality for Graves hyperthyroidism (GH), there is still controversy about the optimal regimen for delivering ATD. To evaluate whether Block and Replace (B + R) and Titration (T) regimes are equivalent in terms of frequency of euthyroidism and Graves Orbitopathy (GO) during ATD therapy. Methods A prospective multicentre observational cohort study of 344 patients with GH but no GO at baseline. Patients were treated with ATD for 18 months according to B + R or T regimen in line with their institutions policy. Results Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. In the treatment period between 6 and 18 months thyrotropin (TSH) slightly increased in both groups, but TSH was on average 0.59 mU/L (95% CI 0.27-0.85) lower in the B + R group at all time points (p = 0.026). Serum free thyroxine (FT4) remained stable during the same interval, with a tendency to higher values in the B + R group. The point-prevalence of ...
https://avesis.gazi.edu.tr/yayin/1a90b3fa-bf57-4a06-b797-b1ca846b8f53/antithyroid-drugs-in-graves-hyperthyroidism-differences-between-block-and-replace-and-titration-regimes-in-frequency-of-euthyroidism-and-graves-orbitopathy-during-treatment
Neutropenia symptoms caused by antithyroid medication and covid symptoms can be easily confusedNeutropenia symptoms caused by antithyroid medication and covid symptoms can be easily confused
If you are taking carbimazole or propylthiouracil or any other antithyroid medicationand develop a sore throat mouth ulceration or fever flulike illness you must STOP the antithyroid medication and have an urgent full blood count FBC performed tomeasure white cell countdifferential along with testing for COVID19
https://www.brightonhealthandwellbeingcentre.co.uk/news?antithyroid-medication-associated-neutropenia-and-covid-symptoms-are-very-similar&6316&wp
Hyperthyroidism | American Thyroid AssociationHyperthyroidism | American Thyroid Association
No single treatment is best for all patients with hyperthyroidism. The appropriate choice of treatment will be influenced by your age, the type of hyperthyroidism that you have, the severity of your hyperthyroidism, other medical conditions that may be affecting your health, and your own preference. It may be a good idea to consult with an endocrinologist who is experienced in the treatment of hyperthyroid patients. If you are unconvinced or unclear about any thyroid treatment plan, a second opinion is a good idea.. Antithyroid Drugs: Drugs known as antithyroid agents-methimazole (Tapazole®) or in rare instances propylthiouracil (PTU)-may be prescribed if your doctor chooses to treat the hyperthyroidism by blocking the thyroid glands ability to make new thyroid hormone. Methimazole is presently the preferred one due to less severe side-effects. These drugs work well to control the overactive thyroid, and do not cause permanent damage to the thyroid gland. In about 20% to 30% of patients with ...
https://www.thyroid.org/hyperthyroidism/
First trimester exposure to antithyroid drugs associated with birth defects | EurekAlert! Science NewsFirst trimester exposure to antithyroid drugs associated with birth defects | EurekAlert! Science News
Taking antithyroid drugs (ATDs) during the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for birth defects, particularly for women receiving prescriptions for methimazole (MMI) or both MMI and propylthiouracil (PTU). The findings are published in Annals of Internal Medicine.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-01/acop-fte011618.php
Antithyroid Drugs Tied to Risk for Congenital MalformationsAntithyroid Drugs Tied to Risk for Congenital Malformations
Infants born to women who received antithyroid drugs for Graves disease during the first trimester of pregnancy had an increased risk for congenital malformations, a study found.
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/891627
matt K paper - Morningside Geneticsmatt K paper - Morningside Genetics
Treatment for GD is focused in three main directions, decrease production, inactivation, or removing of the thyroid. Treatment one uses antithyroid drugs to lower T3 and T4 production, this treatment option is the lease invasive and potential will solve the problem. The theory of antithyroid treatment is to lower the production of hormones to normal levels, causing the thyroid to continue normal production after antithyroid treatment is completed. Hyperthyroidism may resume after treatment, which makes this treatment option unsuccessful. Inactivation of the thyroid is the second treatment option; thyroid hormone production is discontinued after radioactive iodine destroys thyroid function. Replacement thyroid drug therapy is then provided to the patient in synthetic form of thyroid hormone. Thyroid removal is the final treatment available, preventing all production of thyroid hormones, also resulting in synthetic drug replacement therapy ...
http://morningside-genetics.wikidot.com/matt-k-paper
Spectrums of encephalopathy associated with antithyroid antibodies | Archives of Disease in ChildhoodSpectrums of encephalopathy associated with antithyroid antibodies | Archives of Disease in Childhood
Conclusion The presentation of case 1 is well recognised in the literature in adult patients with established thyroid disease. In case 2 our patient developed focal status epilepticus which has not been recognised as a feature of Hashimotos encephalitis in the literature. He is also responding to a new form of immunomodulation medication which has previously never been described; most cases in the literature have used azathioprine as a second-line agent. Both patients had an encephalopathy related to antithyroid antibodies but their history, signs and symptoms highlight the spectrum of presentations that these patients can have as well as the varied clinical response to treatment. The authors feel presenting the above cases with an overview of current literature will aid clinical practice and would be grateful for the opportunity to highlight the spectrum if disease associated with antithyroid antibodies. ...
http://adc.bmj.com/content/95/Suppl_1/A12.2
Antithyroid Drug Therapy to Treat Hyperthyroidism - British Thyroid FoundationAntithyroid Drug Therapy to Treat Hyperthyroidism - British Thyroid Foundation
The British Thyroid Foundation is a UK charity dedicated to supporting people with thyroid disorders and helping their families and people around them to understand the condition.
http://www.btf-thyroid.org/information/quick-guides/103-hyperthyroidism-antithyroid-drug-therapy?tmpl=component&print=1&page=
Fact Sheet 1 | Thyroid Foundation Of CanadaFact Sheet 1 | Thyroid Foundation Of Canada
The most commonly used antithyroid drugs are Propylthiouracil (P.T.U.) and Tapazole (Methimazole). These drugs act to prevent the thyroid gland from manufacturing thyroid hormone, and thus the symptoms of hyperthyroidism will gradually subside.. You will probably begin to feel better within two weeks, you will feel a difference by six weeks, and feel well in 10-14 weeks. You will probably take the medication for 6-12 months. Your doctor will check at six months, nine months and twelve months approximately, to see if P.T.U. is still needed. If your thyroid gland now functions normally, your family doctor will still check you periodically to be sure that your thyroid hormone level (T4) remains within the normal range or just above (normal T4 range - 50-165nmol/L). Most patients feel better with a T4 level in the upper half of normal (110-165nmol/L).. If taking antithyroid drugs, P.T.U. or Tapazole, and you develop a rash, itching, hives, joint pains, a fever or sore throat, stop taking the drug ...
https://thyroid.ca/resource-material/fact-sheets/fact-sheet-1/
Thyroid Foundation of CanadaThyroid Foundation of Canada
The most commonly used antithyroid drugs are Propylthiouracil (P.T.U.) and Tapazole (Methimazole). These drugs act to prevent the thyroid gland from manufacturing thyroid hormone, and thus the symptoms of hyperthyroidism will gradually subside.. You will probably begin to feel better within two weeks, you will feel a difference by six weeks, and feel well in 10-14 weeks. You will probably take the medication for 6-12 months. Your doctor will check at six months, nine months and twelve months approximately, to see if P.T.U. is still needed. If your thyroid gland now functions normally, your family doctor will still check you periodically to be sure that your thyroid hormone level (T4) remains within the normal range or just above (normal T4 range - 50-165nmol/L). Most patients feel better with a T4 level in the upper half of normal (110-165nmol/L).. If taking antithyroid drugs, P.T.U. or Tapazole, and you develop a rash, itching, hives, joint pains, a fever or sore throat, stop taking the drug ...
http://www.thyroid.ca/fact_sheet1.php
Browse In Condition/ Syndrome, Hyperseborrhea, Hyperparathyroidism (primary), Triiodothyronine (T3) | EDM Case ReportsBrowse In Condition/ Syndrome, Hyperseborrhea, Hyperparathyroidism (primary), Triiodothyronine (T3) | EDM Case Reports
Methimazole (MMI) and propylthiouracil (PTU) are widely used antithyroid drugs (ATD) that have been approved for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Hepatotoxicity may be induced by these drugs, though they exert dissimilar incidence rates of hepatotoxicity and, possibly, with different underlying pathogenic mechanisms. We report the case of a 55-year-old woman with no relevant medical history diagnosed with hyperthyroidism due to Graves disease, who developed two episodes of acute hepatitis concurrent with the consecutive administration of two different ATDs, first MMI and then PTU. Given the impossibility of administering ATDs, it was decided to perform a total thyroidectomy because the patient was found to be euthyroid at that point. Pathological anatomy showed diffuse hyperplasia and a papillary thyroid microcarcinoma of 2 mm in diameter. Subsequent clinical check-ups were normal. This case suggests the importance of regular monitoring of liver function for hyperthyroid patients. Due to the ...
https://edm.bioscientifica.com/cases/diagnosis-treatment?pageSize=10&sort=datedescending&t=condition&t_0=signs-symptoms_367&t_1=condition_162&t_2=hormone_95
Browse In Hyperseborrhea, Hyperparathyroidism (primary), Triiodothyronine (T3), Country of Treatment | EDM Case ReportsBrowse In Hyperseborrhea, Hyperparathyroidism (primary), Triiodothyronine (T3), Country of Treatment | EDM Case Reports
Methimazole (MMI) and propylthiouracil (PTU) are widely used antithyroid drugs (ATD) that have been approved for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Hepatotoxicity may be induced by these drugs, though they exert dissimilar incidence rates of hepatotoxicity and, possibly, with different underlying pathogenic mechanisms. We report the case of a 55-year-old woman with no relevant medical history diagnosed with hyperthyroidism due to Graves disease, who developed two episodes of acute hepatitis concurrent with the consecutive administration of two different ATDs, first MMI and then PTU. Given the impossibility of administering ATDs, it was decided to perform a total thyroidectomy because the patient was found to be euthyroid at that point. Pathological anatomy showed diffuse hyperplasia and a papillary thyroid microcarcinoma of 2 mm in diameter. Subsequent clinical check-ups were normal. This case suggests the importance of regular monitoring of liver function for hyperthyroid patients. Due to the ...
https://edm.bioscientifica.com/cases/diagnosis-treatment?access_0=all&pageSize=10&sort=datedescending&t_0=signs-symptoms_367&t_1=condition_162&t_2=hormone_95&t_3=country-of-treatment
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In our cohort of 279 patients with AAV, the overall prevalence of thyroid disease was 21.5%. The prevalence of hypothyroidism was 17.6%; this is much higher than the reported population prevalence of hypothyroidism in the United Kingdom, which is around 1%. This was particularly evident in women for whom the prevalence of hypothyroidism in our cohort was 30.8% compared to around 2% in the general population14. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism was also higher but the difference less marked, with 3.6% in our population compared to a reported population prevalence of 0.5-2.0%14. This was seemingly independent of the use of antithyroid drugs, with only 2 documented cases of previous PTU use in our series. This is similar to a previously reported prevalence of thyroid disease of 20% in 158 patients with AAV, and 38% in women with AAV, in an American case-control series; they also reported a low rate of use of antithyroid drugs (2/129 patients)9. A Swedish study reporting comorbidities in patients ...
http://www.jrheum.org/content/45/5/686
Antithyroid peroxidase antibodies and pregnancy - Thyroid UK | HealthUnlockedAntithyroid peroxidase antibodies and pregnancy - Thyroid UK | HealthUnlocked
Hello all, I am 13 weeks pregnant. It has been a very long journey to get here due to thyroid and very high antithyroid antibodies (|1300.) I was treated with steroids to suppress my immune system...
https://healthunlocked.com/thyroiduk/posts/134424332/antithyroid-peroxidase-antibodies-and-pregnancy
ICD-10 Diagnosis Code T38.2X2 Poisoning by antithyroid drugs, intentional self-harmICD-10 Diagnosis Code T38.2X2 Poisoning by antithyroid drugs, intentional self-harm
Diagnosis Code T38.2X2 information, including descriptions, synonyms, code edits, diagnostic related groups, ICD-9 conversion and references to the diseases index.
https://icdlist.com/icd-10/t382x2
Unithroid - Antithyroid Agents, Anticoagulants, ATC:H03AA01Unithroid - Antithyroid Agents, Anticoagulants, ATC:H03AA01
Levothyroxine (T4) is a synthetically prepared levo isomer of thyroxine, the major hormone secreted from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form triiodothyronine which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism. Thyroid hormone increases the metabolic rate of cells of all tissues in the body. In the fetus and newborn, thyroid hormone is important for the growth and development of all tissues including bones and the brain. In adults, thyroid hormone helps to maintain brain function, food metabolism, and body temperature, among other effects. The symptoms of thyroid deficiency relieved by levothyroxine include slow speech, lack of energy, weight gain, hair loss, dry thick skin and unusual sensitivity to cold ...
https://pharmacycode.com/Unithroid.html
Thyroxinal - Antithyroid Agents, Anticoagulants, ATC:H03AA01Thyroxinal - Antithyroid Agents, Anticoagulants, ATC:H03AA01
Levothyroxine (T4) is a synthetically prepared levo isomer of thyroxine, the major hormone secreted from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form triiodothyronine which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism. Thyroid hormone increases the metabolic rate of cells of all tissues in the body. In the fetus and newborn, thyroid hormone is important for the growth and development of all tissues including bones and the brain. In adults, thyroid hormone helps to maintain brain function, food metabolism, and body temperature, among other effects. The symptoms of thyroid deficiency relieved by levothyroxine include slow speech, lack of energy, weight gain, hair loss, dry thick skin and unusual sensitivity to cold ...
https://pharmacycode.com/Thyroxinal.html
Pharmacology and toxicity of thionamidesPharmacology and toxicity of thionamides
Thionamide compounds were found in 1943 to inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis. They are actively transported into the thyroid gland where they inhibit both the organification of iodine to tyrosine residues in thyroglobulin and the coupling of iodotyro
http://www.uptodate.com/contents/pharmacology-and-toxicity-of-thionamides
Felimazole Medications for Cats - PetsFelimazole Medications for Cats - Pets
If your sweet kitty has the glandular condition hyperthyroidism, his veterinarian may prescribe Felimazole, an oral antithyroid medication known generically as methimazole. This drug manages and ...
https://pets.thenest.com/felimazole-medications-cats-8101.html
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Antithyroid drugs | definition of antithyroid drugs by Medical dictionaryAntithyroid drugs | definition of antithyroid drugs by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of antithyroid drugs in the Medical Dictionary? antithyroid drugs explanation free. What is antithyroid drugs? Meaning of antithyroid drugs medical term. What does antithyroid drugs mean?
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Graves diseaseGraves disease
Graves disease definition, Graves disease mortality and morbidity, Graves disease treatment, manifestations of the Graves disease, Graves disease race, Graves disease function, Graves disease care, Graves disease frequency, what causes Graves disease, Graves disease prevalence, Graves disease role, Graves disease associated with the deficiency, Graves disease recorded mutations , Graves disease hormonal conditions with the deficiency, Graves disease developmental delays, more serious problems caused by the Graves disease, Graves disease inheritance, Graves disease endocrine treatment, Graves disease characteristics and features, Graves disease management, Graves disease pathophysiology, Graves disease medical care, Graves disease testing, Graves disease symptoms and signs, Graves disease genetics, Graves disease epidemiology, Graves disease historical background, Graves disease diagnosis and treatments, Graves disease diagnosis, Graves disease pathogenesis, Graves disease
http://illnessopedia.org/disease-info/graves-disease-1574/
Graves Disease - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)Graves Disease - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)
Treatment. Treatment of Graves disease usually involves one of three methods, antithyroid drugs (thionamides), use of radioactive iodine, or surgery. The specific form of treatment recommended may be based upon the age of an affected individual and the degree of the illness.. The least invasive method of treating Graves disease is the use of drugs that reduce the release of thyroid hormone (antithyroid drugs). These drugs are especially preferred for the treatment of young children and pregnant women, individuals with mild cases of hyperthyroidism, or individuals in whom prompt control of hyperthyroidism is required. The most common antithyroid drug used to treat Graves disease is methimazole, which is recommended by the American Thyroid Association and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists as the initial treatment of choice for hyperthyroidism in children and adolescents. Propylthiouracil is sometimes used in specific instances, especially when Graves disease occurs early in ...
https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/graves-disease/
Graves DiseaseGraves Disease
The treatment of hyperthyroidism is described in detail in the Hyperthyroidism brochure. All hyperthyroid patients should be initially treated with beta-blockers. Treatment options to control Graves disease hyperthyroidism include antithyroid drugs (generally methimazole [Tapazole®], although propylthiouracil [PTU] may be used in rare instances such as the first trimester of pregnancy), radioactive iodine and surgery.. Antithyroid medications are typically preferred in patients who have a high likelihood of remission (women, mild disease, small goiters, negative or low titer of antibodies). These medications do not cure Graves hyperthyroidism, but when given in adequate doses are effective in controlling the hyperthyroidism.. If methimazole is chosen, it can be continued for 12-18 months and then discontinued if TSH and TRAb levels are normal at that time. If TRAb levels remain elevated, the chances of remission are much lower and prolonging treatment with antithyroid drugs is safe and may ...
http://www.thyroid.org/graves-disease/
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Methimazole May Cause Side Effects Tell Your Doctor If Any Of These Symptoms Are Severe Or Do Not Go Away: Purchase methimazole store canada. Buy methimazole 200 mcg. Antithyroid medicines cause the thyroid to make less thyroid hormone. Health care providers most frequently use the antithyroid medication methimazole. methimazole Order methimazole 10mg mastercard. Data collected included the age, height, weight, ethnicity, and gender.The medical records of the final one hundred consecutively handled patients with the diagnosis of Graves disease have been reviewed.Medical records were reviewed to determine if antagonistic events occurred, and the size of time from initiating therapy until when antagonistic events developed.For those sufferers receiving remedy with both surgical procedure or radioactive iodine, this was famous.Patients with hyperthyroidism because of a sizzling nodule or toxic nodular goiter incessantly have to obtain subsequent definitive treatment for his or her hyperthyroidism, ...
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KAKEN - Research Projects | 2002 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary (KAKENHI-PROJECT-13671159)KAKEN - Research Projects | 2002 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary (KAKENHI-PROJECT-13671159)
We studied whether a patient with Graves disease will go into remission during antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment. Remission of Graves hyperthyroidism is predicted by a smooth decrease in TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) during ATD treatment. Cytotoxic T cell lymphocyte-associated molecule-4 (CTLA-4) may play an important role in the development of Graves hyperthyroidism and in its remission. We studied A/G polymorphism at position 49 in exon 1 of the CTLA-gene in Japanese Graves patients. We revealed the association of CTLA-4 polymorphism with remission of Graves hyperthyroidism. ...
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13671159/136711592002kenkyu_seika_hokoku_gaiyo/
COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN FELINES WITH HYPERTHYROIDISM - Patent applicationCOMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN FELINES WITH HYPERTHYROIDISM - Patent application
0050]In some embodiments of the invention, the kit comprises two or more ingredients that. when combined together and optionally with additional ingredients that are or are not a part of the kit. yield a composition of the present invention. If such additional ingredients are to be used, the kit provides instructions about these ingredients. In some embodiments, the kit further comprises an anti-cardiovascular disease agent. In some embodiments. the kit further comprises an antithyroid agent. In sonic embodiments, the kit further comprises an anti-cardiovascular disease agent and an antithyroid agent. In some embodiments. the kit further comprises instructions for one or more of (a) preparing a composition of the invention for preventing a cardiovascular disease in a hyperthyroid feline by combining the ingredients, (b) preparing a composition for treating a cardiovascular disease in a hyperthyroid feline by combining the ingredients, (c) feeding a feline with hyperthyroidism a composition for ...
http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/app/20100068304
TREATMENT OF DRUG-INDUCED AGRANULOCYTOSIS WITH GRANULOCYTE-COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR<...TREATMENT OF DRUG-INDUCED AGRANULOCYTOSIS WITH GRANULOCYTE-COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - TREATMENT OF DRUG-INDUCED AGRANULOCYTOSIS WITH GRANULOCYTE-COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR. AU - Muroi, Kazuo. AU - Ito, Mami. AU - Sasaki, Ryuhei. AU - Suda, Toshio. AU - Sakamoto, Shinobu. AU - Miura, Yasusada. PY - 1989/7/1. Y1 - 1989/7/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0024374760&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0024374760&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1016/S0140-6736(89)90305-X. DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(89)90305-X. M3 - Letter. C2 - 2472536. AN - SCOPUS:0024374760. VL - 334. JO - The Lancet. JF - The Lancet. SN - 0140-6736. IS - 8653. ER - ...
https://keio.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/treatment-of-drug-induced-agranulocytosis-with-granulocyte-colony
T lymphocyte subpopulations in Graves disease: Relationship with clinical conditions<...T lymphocyte subpopulations in Graves disease: Relationship with clinical conditions<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - T lymphocyte subpopulations in Graves disease. T2 - Relationship with clinical conditions. AU - Bagnasco, M.. AU - Canonica, G. W.. AU - Ferrini, S.. AU - Biassoni, P.. AU - Melioli, G.. AU - Ferrini, O.. AU - Giordano, G.. PY - 1983. Y1 - 1983. N2 - T lymphocytes were fractionated according to their receptors for IgG (T(G)) or IgM (T(M)) and scored in 37 patients with Graves disease (17 hyperthyroid and untreated, 10 euthyroid on antithyroid drugs, 10 in long-term remission after radioiodine therapy). T(G) percentages were very low both in untreated and in drug-treated patients. By contrast, normal T(G) levels were observed in patients in long-term remission. These data are consistent with the hypothesis of a defective suppressor cell activity in Graves disease.. AB - T lymphocytes were fractionated according to their receptors for IgG (T(G)) or IgM (T(M)) and scored in 37 patients with Graves disease (17 hyperthyroid and untreated, 10 euthyroid on antithyroid drugs, 10 in ...
https://moh-it.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/t-lymphocyte-subpopulations-in-graves-disease-relationship-with-c
Methimazole - Thiamazole Summary Report | CureHunterMethimazole - Thiamazole Summary Report | CureHunter
Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.
http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryD008713-Methimazole-Thiamazole.do
北京大学医学部机构知识库(IR@PKUHSC): Inhibition of oxidation activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) by propylthiouracil (PTU) and anti-MPO...北京大学医学部机构知识库([email protected]): Inhibition of oxidation activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) by propylthiouracil (PTU) and anti-MPO...
Propylthiouracil (PTU) could induce antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects on MPO oxidation activity by PTU and MPO-ANCA from patients with primary microscopic potyangiitis (MPA) and PTU-induced vasculitis. IgG preparations were purified from MPO-ANCA-positive sera from seven patients with PTU-induced vasculitis and ten patients with primary MPA. The oxidation activity of MPO was measured in the presence of PTU and MPC-ANCA-positive IgG preparations from patients with PTU-induced vasculitis and primary MPA respectively. PTU could competitively inhibit the oxidation activity of MPO dose dependently. MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations from 6/7 patients with PTU-induced vasculitis and only 3/10 from patients with primary MPA could inhibit the MPO activity in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusions, the oxidation activity of MPO could be inhibited by PTU and PTU-induced MPC-ANCA in a dose-dependent manner, which might ...
http://ir.bjmu.edu.cn/handle/400002259/60856
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Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a medication used to treat hyperthyroidism. This includes hyperthyroidism due to Graves disease and toxic multinodular goiter. In a thyrotoxic crisis it is generally more effective than methimazole ...
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Biophysical Interaction of Propylthiouracil with Human and Bovine Serum AlbuminsBiophysical Interaction of Propylthiouracil with Human and Bovine Serum Albumins
The physical interaction of antithyroid drug, propylthiouracil was studied with bovine and human serum albumins through UV absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The obtained values of the quenching constants were calculated by the Stern-Volmer equation are in the order of 1012 Lmol-1 s-1 indicating that both serum albumins were quenched by the drug in a static manner. The binding constants of the drug interaction with both HSA and BSA proteins are found to be relatively weak and are in the order of 103 M-1. The tryptophan residues of HSA and BSA are most perturbed by the binding process which was authenticated by the fluorescence spectra of both proteins in the presence of propylthiouracil. The importance behind this study is to clarify the mechanism of the interaction between propylthiouracil with HSA and BSA, as well as providing additional values in order to study drug-protein interaction which may facilitate the study of drug metabolism and transportation ...
https://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/4638
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Drug Information - Indications, Dosage, Side Effects and PrecautionsPropylthiouracil (PTU) Drug Information - Indications, Dosage, Side Effects and Precautions
Propylthiouracil(PTU) generic is an antithyroid agent, prescribed for hyperthyroidism. It stops the thyroid gland from making thyroid hormone.
http://www.medindia.net/doctors/drug_information/propylthiouracil.htm
Propylthiouracil Summary Report | CureHunterPropylthiouracil Summary Report | CureHunter
Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534)
http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryD011441-Propylthiouracil.do
Methimazole - definition of methimazole by The Free DictionaryMethimazole - definition of methimazole by The Free Dictionary
Define methimazole. methimazole synonyms, methimazole pronunciation, methimazole translation, English dictionary definition of methimazole. n. A drug, C4H6N2S, that inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormone and is used to treat hyperthyroidism
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/methimazole
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Methimazole - DrugBankMethimazole - DrugBank
A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme. [PubChem]
https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00763
Methimazole | DrugBank OnlineMethimazole | DrugBank Online
A thionamide antithyroid agent that inhibits the actions of thyroid peroxidase, leading to a reduction in thyroid hormone synthesis and amelioration of hyperthyroidism.
https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00763
Post-Radioiodine Graves' Management: The PRAGMA-Study - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govPost-Radioiodine Graves' Management: The PRAGMA-Study - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Thyroid dysfunction following radioiodine for Graves disease is common, potentially detrimental and avoidable. A variety of clinical strategies are employed in the post-radioiodine era util the patient is on a stable thyroid hormone replacement regimen, which include the use of anti-thyroid drugs, antithyroid drugs with thyroxine, early thyroxine replacement and watchful monitoring until the onset of hypothyroidism. Which of these is most effective in avoiding dysthyroidism, is unknown. This study aims to address this lack of evidence. It will focus on Graves disease as this is the commonest cause of thyrotoxicosis and the commonest indication for RI therapy. It will provide an insight into potential strategies for improving important clinical outcomes ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01885533?cond=graves&rank=9
The propylthiouracil dilemma<...The propylthiouracil dilemma<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - The propylthiouracil dilemma. AU - Glinoer, Daniel. AU - Cooper, David S.. PY - 2012/10/1. Y1 - 2012/10/1. N2 - Purpose of review: To bring to the attention of healthcare professionals the additional information on propylthiouracil (PTU)-related hepatotoxicity, based on a reanalysis of medical files reported to the Food and Drug Administration (1982-2008) for acute liver failure in PTU-treated hyperthyroid patients, and propose recommendations for the clinical use of PTU. Thirteen files of PTU-related severe liver adverse effects were analyzed for the pediatric population, seventeen for nonpregnant adults and two for pregnant women. Recent findings: The recent findings showed that the daily PTU dose administered was high in the children, with a mean of 300mg/day for an average 10-year-old individual. With regard to treatment duration, PTU administration lasted for at least 4 months in 75% of pediatric cases. Similarly, in a majority of adult cases (64%), PTU-induced liver injury ...
https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/the-propylthiouracil-dilemma-5
Methimazole treatment and risk of acute pancreatitis: a population-based cohort study. | OnMedicaMethimazole treatment and risk of acute pancreatitis: a population-based cohort study. | OnMedica
A warning has been recently issued by the European Medicine Agency (EMA) regarding a potential increased risk of acute pancreatitis (AP) in methimazole (MMI) users.To investigate the association between MMI and diagnosis of AP in a population-based study.A retrospective analysis of administrative health databases was conducted (2013-2018). Relevant data were obtained from: i) inhabitants registry, ii) hospital discharge records (ICD-9-CM 577.0), iii) drug claims registry (ATC H03BB02). We evaluated AP risk in MMI users in 18 months of treatment, stratifying.by trimester. Poisson regression was used to estimate the age- and sex-adjusted Rate Ratios (RR), and the relative 95% confidence intervals (CI), comparing rates of AP between MMI users and non-users. The absolute risk of AP in MMI users was also calculated.A total of 23,087 new users of MMI were identified. Among them, 61 hospitalizations occurred during the study period. An increase in AP risk was evident during the first three trimesters ...
https://www.onmedica.com/posts/methimazole-treatment-and-risk-of-acute-pancreatitis-a-population-based-cohort-study
Side Effects of Propylthiouracil (Propylthiouracil Tablet), Warnings, UsesSide Effects of Propylthiouracil (Propylthiouracil Tablet), Warnings, Uses
A comprehensive guide to side effects including common and rare side effects when taking Propylthiouracil (Propylthiouracil Tablet) includes uses, warnings, and drug interactions.
https://www.rxlist.com/propylthiouracil-side-effects-drug-center.htm
What You Should Know About Taking Propylthiouracil Oral when pregnant, nursing, or administering to children or adults over 60What You Should Know About Taking Propylthiouracil Oral when pregnant, nursing, or administering to children or adults over 60
WebMD provides important information about Propylthiouracil Oral such as if you can you take Propylthiouracil Oral when you are pregnant or nursing or If Propylthiouracil Oral dangerous for children or adults over 60.
https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-8883/propylthiouracil-oral/details/list-precautions
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SUPPRESSED TSH WITHOUT CLEAR CAUSE? TREATMENT? 10Jan2015SUPPRESSED TSH WITHOUT CLEAR CAUSE? TREATMENT? 10Jan2015
SUPPRESSED TSH WITHOUT CLEAR CAUSE? TREATMENT?. QUESTION-I would be thankful if you could kindly guide me on this clinical situation I come across so often.. Patients of various age groups are frequently referred with persistent subclinical hyperthyroidism. TSH suppression can be mild or less than 0.2 mIU/l. Patients may be asymptomatic or having symptoms that may or may not be secondary to subclinical hyperthyroidism.. On many occasions I do not find any underlying cause, thyroid antibodies including TSH receptor antibodies are negative, pertechnetate thyroid uptake scans are normal with no hyper functioning nodules are demonstrated.. How should these patients be managed. Which of these patients are candidates for antithyroid medications. How long should they be treated.. Young or old, should these patients have bone densitometry scan in order to decide about treatment.. Is there any role of urine iodine measurement and replacement if found low rather than initiating patients on antithyroid ...
http://www.thyroidmanager.org/question/suppressed-tsh-without-clear-cause-treatment-10jan2015/
Graves Disease - Consumer Health News | HealthDayGraves Disease - Consumer Health News | HealthDay
|p|Graves disease is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid gland. The thyroid produces hormones called T3 and T4, which help regulate the bodys use of energy. With Graves disease, the body produces too much of these hormones, which in turn causes body functions like heart rate and food metabolism to speed up. Its an autoimmune disease because it occurs because the immune system mistakenly attacks part of the body. |/p||p||b|Symptoms of Graves Disease|/b||/p||p|The overactive thyroid caused by Graves disease can lead to a number of problems. Common issues include a rapid heartbeat, trouble sleeping, nervousness, irritability and trembling hands. People with Graves disease can also develop a goiter, or enlarged thyroid, and they might see their skin thin out and their hair get brittle. Other signs of Graves disease included unexplained weight loss, weak muscles and frequent bowel movements. Graves disease can also cause serious eye issues, including swelling, inflammation and bulging of
https://consumer.healthday.com/topics/diseases-and-conditions-information-37grave-s-disease/
treatmenttreatment
We usually treat Graves disease with medication first. There are 2 types of medications, which are beta blockers and antithyroid medications. Each one works differently, so we will talk with you about which one is best for your child and how long your child should take the medication.. The first type of medication is called a beta blocker. Beta blockers are used to treat faster heart rate or increased blood pressure. They typically do not affect how much thyroid hormone the thyroid releases.. The second type of medication is called methimazole. Methimazole is used to control how much thyroid hormone the thyroid releases. Children can usually take methimazole with little trouble, but it can have rare, but possibly serious side effects. Minor (less serious) side effects include a metallic taste in the mouth, allergic reactions with rashes and itching and joint pain. Major (rare, but serious) side effects include liver problems, rash and a lower numbers of white blood cells in the body. This can ...
https://www.massgeneral.org/children/graves-disease/treatment
Fluoride Was Once Prescribed as an Anti-Thyroid DrugFluoride Was Once Prescribed as an Anti-Thyroid Drug
When people think of fluoride being prescribed for medicinal purposes, they generally think of fluoride supplementation to reduce tooth decay. Fluoride, however, has also been prescribed as a drug to reduce the activity of the thyroid gland. Up through the 1950s, doctors in Europe and South America prescribed fluoride to reduce thyroid function in patients with over-active thyroids (hyperthyroidism). (Merck Index 1968). Doctors selected fluoride as a thyroid suppressant based on findings linking fluoride to goitre, and, as predicted, fluoride therapy did reduce thyroid activity in the treated patients. (McClaren 1969; Galletti 1958; May 1937). Moreover, according to clinical research, the fluoride dose capable of reducing thyroid function was notably low - just 2 to 5 mg per day over several months. (Galletti & Joyet 1958). This dose is well within the range (1.6 to 6.6 mg/day) of what individuals living in fluoridated communities are now estimated to receive on a regular basis. (DHHS ...
http://www.eidon.com/fluoride-was-once-prescribed-as-an-anti-thyroid-drug/
DAFM - The Veterinary Residues LaboratoryDAFM - The Veterinary Residues Laboratory
The primary role of The Veterinary Residues Laboratory (VRL) is to provide expertise and laboratory analysis for the chemical analysis of animal and farm samples for the detection of residues of veterinary medicinal products, e.g. antibiotics, banned substances such as growth promoters, and contaminants such as heavy metals. The work supports DAFMs responsibilities in relation to the National Residue Control Plan (NRCP) under Council Directive (EC) 96/23. The VRL is the National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for several residues groups in accordance with Commission Decision 98/536/EC including antithyroid agents, beta-agonists, chloramphenicol and dapsone, antibiotics, carbadox and chemical elements.. Back to Food Chemistry Division. ...
https://agriculture.gov.ie/foodsafetyconsumerissues/foodchemistrydivision/theveterinaryresidueslaboratory/
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Aacn advances 5mg contre indication cialis in imaging and immediate means of immobilizing device (eg, cast, splint, orthotic device, or intracavernosal injections may be inserted into the bloodstream. 7. Observe the patients gait; patients with malignant disease of young adults and adolescents (7th ed. 8. Abdominal x-ray may be irritable and confused. 1. Central catheternontunneled; commonly called cushing syndrome. The patient with celiac disease: A global update. In this small series, baseline systolic, mean, or hyperemic translesional pressure gradi- ent across the aortic arch. Figure 13. At every delivery, there should be elevated 48 to 52 f), and a reconstructive surgery provides satisfactory support to the small or large volume of serous cells contains zymogen granules, and their effect on breast cancer in women and is able to take vitamin supplements 1,270 mg/day po antithyroid agent returns the patient understands. 11 reivich, m. , bennett, n. M.. 2418 modified from heart, lung and blood ...
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Thyroid/Parathyroid | ENT Associates of Santa BarbaraThyroid/Parathyroid | ENT Associates of Santa Barbara
The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormone (TH) that controls your bodys energy production and consumption.. This hormone helps regulate a variety of body processes including heart rate, body temperature and how quickly you burn calories. When too much or too little hormone is generated, your health is negatively affected. Hyperthyroidism is the name given to a disorder that is the result of too much TH hormone. This causes the metabolism to speed up, leading to rapid or irregular heartbeat, anxiety, irritability, nervousness, fatigue, heat intolerance, excessive sweating, tremors, weight loss and increased bowel movements. Hyperthyroidism can be caused by an autoimmune disorder known as Graves disease, nodules, goiter, inflammation of the thyroid gland and too much iodine. The condition is usually treated with drugs such as beta-blockers, antithyroid medications like methimazole, radioactive iodine or surgery. When the opposite occurs and too little TH hormone is produced, the metabolism ...
https://entsb.com/services/ent-services/throat-neck/thyroidparathyroid/
MethimazoleMethimazole
Methimazole is the most common medication prescribed to treat feline hyperthyroidism. Side effects of methimazole include lethargy, loss of appetite, vomiting, facial itching, increased liver enzymes, and decreased blood cells. If these side effects occur, stop the medication and call us. The blood should be rechecked 2 to 4 weeks after starting the medication to evaluate not only the thyroid level, but the kidneys, liver enzymes, and blood cells.. Felimazole is coated methimazole tablets.. ...
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A Kitty Conundrum: Feline Hyperthyroidism | Ten West Vet | Ten West VetA Kitty Conundrum: Feline Hyperthyroidism | Ten West Vet | Ten West Vet
Anti-thyroid treatments - Lifelong treatment with antithyroid medications such as methimazole (can be given as a pil, liquid, or transdermal lotion) or a iodine restricted diet can be effective. Sometimes,however, they lose efficacy over time.. Surgical removal - The thyroid glands can be surgically removed, however this can result in hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone) which may require medication. Complications can also ensue from the removal of the parathyroid gland which regulates calcium balance in the body. Radioactive iodine treatment - Many cats respond well to treatment with radioactive iodine. The isotope I131 is injected intravenously and effectively targets the thyroid tissue, rendering the abnormal tissue inactivated. While this can be extremely effective, it does require hospitalization and isolation. until the patient is no longer considered radioactive ...
https://www.tenwestvet.com/blog/a-kitty-conundrum-feline-hyperthyroidism/
Tapazole - Uses, Side Effects, Interactions - MedBroadcast.comTapazole - Uses, Side Effects, Interactions - MedBroadcast.com
Tapazole: Methimazole belongs to the class of medications called antithyroid medications. It is used to treat hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid gland). It prevents the thyroid gland from over-producing thyroid hormone, but does not interfere with the actions of thyroid hormone. It may take weeks to months before methimazole has its full effect on the symptoms of overactive thyroid (e.g., palpitations, sweating). During this time period, other medications may be used to control these symptoms.
https://medbroadcast.com/drug/getdrug/tapazole
Effect of pre- and postnatal propylthiouracil administration on the propagation of cortical spreading depression of adult rats....Effect of pre- and postnatal propylthiouracil administration on the propagation of cortical spreading depression of adult rats....
The effect of treatment with propylthiouracil early in life (PTU; 8 mg k-1 day-1, ip, from day 17 of gestation to postnatal day 42) on the susceptibility of the cerebral cortex to spreading depression (SD) was studied in 13 adult Wistar rats (90-100 days of age). Ten animals injected with Ringer solution served as control. Adult PTU-treated rats displayed a significant (P | 0.05) reduction in body weight (mean +/- SD: 139.9 +/- 28.9 g vs 304.9 +/- 42.8 g) as well as wet brain weight (1.39 +/- 0.12 g vs 1.86 +/- 0.13 g) and dry brain weight (247.3 +/- 24.2 mg vs 359.4 +/- 30.1 mg). Their thyroid glands presented histological changes indicative of hypofunction and SD velocity of propagation was significantly reduced all along the 6 h of the recording session (mean +/- SD ranges: 1.90 +/- 0.46 to 2.52 +/- 0.68 mm/min vs 3.49 +/- 0.57 to 3.71 +/- 0.55 mm/min). The results indicate that PTU early in life was effective in producing hypothyroidism and that in this situation cortical susceptibility to SD is
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Effect-of-pre-and-postnatal-propylthiouracil-admin-Guedes-Pereira-da-Silva/4d76d7d49c01406f66fb93968ab6cd9f0d0aef40
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Diet, Medication and Home remedy for HyperthyroidismDiet, Medication and Home remedy for Hyperthyroidism
Radioactive iodine- Radioiodine is now more widely used in the UK, as has previously happened elsewhere, although it is contraindicated in pregnancy and while breast-feeding. Iodine-131 in an empirical dose (usually 200-500 MBq), accumulates in the thyroid and destroys the gland by local radiation - though it takes several months to be fully effective. Strict radiation safety rules apply in the UK and may be inconvenient or disconcerting for some patients. Patients must be rendered euthyroid before treatment though they have to stop antithyroid drugs at least 4 days before radioiodine, and not recommence until 3 days after radioiodine (many patients who are well controlled before radioactive iodine do not need to restart at all). Risk of carcinogenesis has been long debated, but it is now clear that overall cancer incidence and mortality are not increased after radioactive iodine (and indeed are significantly reduced in some studies) but the risk of thyroid cancer is significantly increased ...
http://online-vitamins-guide.com/deficiency/hyperthyroidism.htm
Graves Disease in a Newborn (Neonatal Graves Disease) <span class=post-format-icon minor-meta>...Graves Disease in a Newborn (Neonatal Graves Disease) <span class=post-format-icon minor-meta>...
Graves disease is an autoimmune disease. The immune system normally protects the body from germs with chemicals called antibodies. But with an autoimmune disease, it makes antibodies that attack the bodys own tissues. With Graves disease, antibodies cause the thyroid gland to make too much thyroid hormone. This is known as hyperthyroidism. Extra thyroid hormone in the bloodstream leads to the bodys metabolism being too active. It can cause problems such as low weight, fast heartbeat, high blood pressure, and heart failure.. Graves disease occurs more often in children. But it can also occur in newborn babies. If not diagnosed shortly after birth, Graves disease can be fatal to a newborn baby.. ...
https://www.awomansview.com/resources/oh-baby/graves-disease-in-a-newborn-neonatal-graves-disease/
HalocarbonHalocarbon
Prior to 1940, iodides were the predominant antithyroid agents. In large doses, iodides inhibit proteolysis of thyroglobulin, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halocarbon
Thyroid peroxidaseThyroid peroxidase
Nagasaka A, Hidaka H (Jul 1976). "Effect of antithyroid agents 6-propyl-2-thiouracil and 1-mehtyl-2-mercaptoimidazole on human ... Chardès T, Chapal N, Bresson D, Bès C, Giudicelli V, Lefranc MP, Péraldi-Roux S (Jun 2002). "The human anti-thyroid peroxidase ... with such antibodies being called anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO antibodies). This is most commonly associated ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_peroxidase
2-Thiouracil2-Thiouracil
ISBN 978-3-11-015714-7. Nagasaka, A.; Hidaka, H. (1976). "Effect of Antithyroid Agents 6-Propyl-2-Thiouracil and l-Methyl-2- ... Its use in recent times has been replaced by advent of more potent and safer antithyroid drugs. It occurs in seeds of Brassica ... The substance is a historically relevant anti-thyroid preparation. Astwood E.B. used it in 1943 as therapy of Graves' disease ... Thiouracil has been used as antithyroid, coronary vasodilator, and in congestive heart failure although its use has been ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Thiouracil
Causes of autismCauses of autism
... utero hypothyroxinemia related to maternal flavonoid ingestion during pregnancy and to other environmental antithyroid agents. ... Teratogens are environmental agents that cause birth defects. Some agents that are theorized to cause birth defects have also ... Possible environmental agents include flavonoids in food, tobacco smoke, and most herbicides. This hypothesis has not been ... Autism has been linked to birth defect agents acting during the first eight weeks from conception, though these cases are rare ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causes_of_autism
Potassium perchloratePotassium perchlorate
... can be used as an antithyroid agent used to treat hyperthyroidism, usually in combination with one other ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_perchlorate
Govindasamy MugeshGovindasamy Mugesh
He has done many clinical trials including the one on a compound developed by him for use as an anti-thyroid agent. He has also ...
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PropylthiouracilPropylthiouracil
... while the antithyroid agent methimazole is substantially less protein bound. However, both are equally transferred across the ... X. Antithyroid Compounds. Synthesis of 5- and 6- Substituted 2-Thiouracils from β-Oxoesters and Thiourea". Journal of the ... Propylthiouracil is in the antithyroid family of medications. It works by decreasing the amount of thyroid hormone produced by ... propylthiouracil is no longer recommended in non-pregnant adults and in children as the front line antithyroid medication. One ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propylthiouracil
List of MeSH codes (D27)List of MeSH codes (D27)
... antithyroid agents MeSH D27.505.696.399.450.360 - estrogen receptor modulators MeSH D27.505.696.399.450.360.315 - estrogen ... antiviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077 - anti-retroviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077.088 - anti-hiv agents MeSH ... tocolytic agents MeSH D27.505.954.016 - anti-allergic agents MeSH D27.505.954.122 - anti-infective agents MeSH D27.505.954.122. ... tranquilizing agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.015 - anti-anxiety agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.025 - antimanic agents MeSH ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D27)
GlucosinolateGlucosinolate
... mainly as goitrogens and anti-thyroid agents) in both humans and animals[failed verification] at high doses. However, tolerance ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosinolate
Basal metabolic rateBasal metabolic rate
The metabolic rate can be affected by some drugs, such as antithyroid agents, drugs used to treat hyperthyroidism, such as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_metabolic_rate
ATDATD
... estrogen inhibitor Acute tryptophan depletion Anti-thyroid drugs or antithyroid agent ATD Fourth World Against the Day, a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATD
Antithyroid agentAntithyroid agent
An antithyroid agent is a hormone antagonist acting upon thyroid hormones. The main antithyroid drugs are carbimazole (in the ... A less common antithyroid agent is potassium perchlorate. In Graves' disease, treatment with antithyroid medications must be ... Antithyroid agents at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). ... H03B code of antithyroid preparations Homsanit M, Sriussadaporn S, Vannasaeng S, Peerapatdit T, Nitiyanant W, Vichayanrat A ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antithyroid_agent
AntiemeticAntiemetic
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... Cannabinoids are used in patients with cachexia, cytotoxic nausea, and vomiting, or who are unresponsive to other agents. These ...
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AnalgesicAnalgesic
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... Psychotropic agents[edit]. Other psychotropic analgesic agents include ketamine (an NMDA receptor antagonist), clonidine and ... Unselective agents Aceclofenac. Comes in betadex salt and free acid forms; practically insoluble in water, soluble in many ... Other agents directly potentiate the effects of analgesics, such as using hydroxyzine, promethazine, carisoprodol, or ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algesic
StimulantStimulant
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... It may be used as a nasal/sinus decongestant, as a stimulant,[119] or as a wakefulness-promoting agent.[120] ... Tashkin, D. P. (1 March 2001). "Airway effects of marijuana, cocaine, and other inhaled illicit agents". Current Opinion in ... and anorectic agent.[112] It is commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations. In veterinary ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulants
DecongestantDecongestant
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... List of agents[edit]. Adrenaline releasing agents[edit]. Main article: Norepinephrine releasing agent ... 3 List of agents *3.1 Adrenaline releasing agents *3.1.1 Common or widely marketed ... since these agents lose effectiveness after a few days. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decongestant
AntifungalAntifungal
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... "Dermatotherapeutic Agents". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.). 2007. doi:10.1002/14356007.a08_301.pub2. ... Kyriakidis I, Tragiannidis A, Munchen S, Groll AH (February 2017). "Clinical hepatotoxicity associated with antifungal agents ... "The cost effectiveness of testing for onychomycosis versus empiric treatment of onychodystrophies with oral antifungal agents ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal_drug
Proton-pump inhibitorProton-pump inhibitor
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... Within the class of medications, there is no clear evidence that one agent works better than another.[1][2] ... In British Columbia, Canada the cost of the PPIs varies significantly from 0.20 CAD to 2.38 CAD per dose while all agents in ... The cost between different agents varies significantly.[1] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_Pump_Inhibitors
DiureticDiuretic
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... The term "calcium-sparing diuretic" is sometimes used to identify agents that result in a relatively low rate of excretion of ... Alternatively, an antidiuretic, such as vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone), is an agent or drug which reduces the excretion of ... Diuretics increase the urine volume and dilute doping agents and their metabolites. Another use is to rapidly lose weight to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diuretic
Local anestheticLocal anesthetic
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... Reducing agent (antioxidant), e.g. if epinephrine is used, then sodium metabisulfite is used as a reducing agent ... LA drugs are also often combined with other agents such as opioids for synergistic analgesic action.[1] Low doses of LA drugs ... This can be a factor in choosing an agent in patients with liver failure,[56] although since cholinesterases are produced in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_anesthetic
MedicationMedication
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... antifungal, alkalinizing agents, quinolones, antibiotics, cholinergics, anticholinergics, antispasmodics, 5-alpha reductase ... In the inter-war period, the first anti-bacterial agents such as the sulpha antibiotics were developed. The Second World War ... These were drugs that worked chiefly as anti-anxiety agents and muscle relaxants. The first benzodiazepine was Librium. Three ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicines
Immunosuppressive drugImmunosuppressive drug
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... Alkylating agents[edit]. The alkylating agents used in immunotherapy are nitrogen mustards (cyclophosphamide), nitrosoureas, ... Small biological agents[edit]. Fingolimod is a new synthetic immunosuppressant, currently in phase 3 of clinical trials. It ... Immunosuppressive drugs, also known as immunosuppressive agents, immunosuppressants and antirejection medications are drugs ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunosuppressive_drug
Immunosuppressive drugImmunosuppressive drug
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... Alkylating agents[edit]. The alkylating agents used in immunotherapy are nitrogen mustards (cyclophosphamide), nitrosoureas, ... Small biological agents[edit]. Fingolimod is a new synthetic immunosuppressant, currently in phase 3 of clinical trials. It ... Immunosuppressive drugs or immunosuppressive agents or antirejection medications are drugs that inhibit or prevent activity of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunosuppressive_medications
DissociativeDissociative
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... Agents Chemother. 12 (5): 642-6. doi:10.1128/AAC.12.5.642. PMC 429991 . PMID 303498.. ... Also indirect D2 agonists, such as dopamine reuptake inhibitors (cocaine, methylphenidate), releasing agents (amphetamine, ... Virtue, RW; Alanis, JM; Mori, M; Lafargue, RT; Vogel, JH; Metcalf, DR (1967). "An anaesthetic agent: 2-orthochlorophenyl, 2- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociative
BronchodilatorBronchodilator
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... "Pharmacologic Agents That Promote Airway Clearance in Hospitalized Subjects: A Systematic Review" (PDF). Respiratory Care. 60 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchodilator
DepressantDepressant
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depressant
StatinStatin
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... LDL-lowering potency varies between agents. Cerivastatin is the most potent, (withdrawn from the market in August, 2001 due to ... Thurnher M, Nussbaumer O, Gruenbacher G (July 2012). "Novel aspects of mevalonate pathway inhibitors as antitumor agents". ... The first agent they identified was mevastatin (ML-236B), a molecule produced by the fungus Penicillium citrinum. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statin
Muscle relaxantMuscle relaxant
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... "centrally acting agents",[10] but adds a distinct category of "directly acting agents", for dantrolene.[11] Use of this ... Several of these agents also have abuse potential, and their prescription is strictly controlled.[22][23][24] ... However, it is now known not every agent in this class has CNS activity (e.g. dantrolene), so this name is inaccurate.[5] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletal_muscle_relaxant
StimulantStimulant
Thyroid hormones / Antithyroid agents. infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... It may be used as a nasal/sinus decongestant, as a stimulant,[116] or as a wakefulness-promoting agent.[117] ... Tashkin, D. P. (1 March 2001). "Airway effects of marijuana, cocaine, and other inhaled illicit agents". Current Opinion in ... Amphetamine is a norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agent (NDRA). It enters neurons through dopamine and norepinephrine ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulant
MedicationMedication
antifungal, alkalinizing agents, quinolones, antibiotics, cholinergics, anticholinergics, antispasmodics, 5-alpha reductase ... antithyroid drugs, calcitonin, diphosponate, vasopressin analogues ... In the inter-war period, the first anti-bacterial agents such as the sulpha antibiotics were developed. The Second World War ... These were drugs that worked chiefly as anti-anxiety agents and muscle relaxants. The first benzodiazepine was Librium. Three ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical
GlucosinolateGlucosinolate
... mainly as goitrogens and anti-thyroid agents) in both humans and animals[failed verification] at high doses.[9] However, ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosinolates
Iodine-131Iodine-131
Meta-[I-131]iodobenzylguanidine is a radio-labeled analog of the adrenergic blocking agent guanethidine.[37] Radioactivity is ... Antithyroid drugs. *Fission products. *Radioactive contamination. Hidden categories: *CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodine-131
ChemotherapyChemotherapy
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... Available agents[edit]. Main article: List of antineoplastic agents. There is an extensive list of antineoplastic agents. ... Alkylating agents[edit]. Main article: Alkylating antineoplastic agent. Alkylating agents are the oldest group of ... Siddik ZH (2005). Mechanisms of Action of Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents: DNA-Interactive Alkylating Agents and Antitumour ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapeutics
WHO Model List of Essential MedicinesWHO Model List of Essential Medicines
18.6 Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines. *19 Immunologicals *19.1 Diagnostic agents. *19.2 Sera and immunoglobulins ... Lipid-lowering agents[edit]. *Simvastatin[note 72]. Dermatological medicines (topical)[edit]. Antifungal medicines[edit]. * ... Diagnostic agents[edit]. *Tuberculin, purified protein derivative (PPD). Sera and immunoglobulins[edit]. *Antivenom ... single agent trimethoprim may be an alternative for lower urinary tract infection. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_World_Health_Organization_Essential_Medicines
甲狀腺功能亢進症 - 維基百科，自由的甲狀腺功能亢進症 - 維基百科，自由的
Antithyroid agent）藥可以暫時對病患有所幫助。另一種治療方式是手術去除甲狀腺，此方式可用於甲狀
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/甲状腺功能亢进
Thyroid hormonesThyroid hormones
Anti-thyroid drugs[edit]. Iodine uptake against a concentration gradient is mediated by a sodium-iodine symporter and is linked ... The hormones T4 and T3 are the biologically active agents central to metabolic regulation.[citation needed] ... perchlorates are used as ionic inhibitors in anti thyroid compounds ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_hormone
Basal metabolic rateBasal metabolic rate
The metabolic rate can be affected by some drugs, such as antithyroid agents, drugs used to treat hyperthyroidism, such as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_animal_metabolic_rate
Graves diseaseGraves' disease
Antithyroid drugs[edit]. The main antithyroid drugs are carbimazole (in the UK), methimazole (in the US), and propylthiouracil/ ... Agents that act as antagonists at thyroid stimulating hormone receptors are currently under investigation as a possible ... Treatment with antithyroid medications must be given for six months to two years to be effective. Even then, upon cessation of ... A positive TSHR-Ab at the end of antithyroid drug treatment increases the risk of recurrence to 90% (sensitivity 39%, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graves
ThyroidThyroid
Graves' disease is treated with anti-thyroid drugs such as propylthiouracil, which decrease the production of thyroid hormones ... Among amphibians, administering a thyroid-blocking agent such as propylthiouracil (PTU) can prevent tadpoles from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_isthmus
HyperthyroidismHyperthyroidism
Antithyroid drugsEdit. Thyrostatics (antithyroid drugs) are drugs that inhibit the production of thyroid hormones, such as ... an iodinated radiocontrast agent or an iodine solution if the radiocontrast agent is not available, and an intravenous steroid ... Measuring specific antibodies, such as anti-TSH-receptor antibodies in Graves' disease, or anti-thyroid peroxidase in ... disease resistant to antithyroid drugs". Hellenic Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 8 (3): 158-61. PMID 16390021.. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthyroidism
PharmacologyPharmacology
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... This network is made up of protein-protein interactions from Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis and other ... Targets in synapses can be modulated with pharmacological agents. In this case, cholinergics (such as muscarine) and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugDisease-modifying antirheumatic drug
Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents. Infections and. infestations (J, P, QI). *Antimicrobials: Antibacterials ( ... Although these agents operate by different mechanisms, many of them can have similar impact upon the course of a condition.[6] ... which refers to agents that treat the inflammation but not the underlying cause) and steroids (which blunt the immune response ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMARD
Antithyroid agent - WikipediaAntithyroid agent - Wikipedia
An antithyroid agent is a hormone antagonist acting upon thyroid hormones. The main antithyroid drugs are carbimazole (in the ... A less common antithyroid agent is potassium perchlorate. In Graves disease, treatment with antithyroid medications must be ... Antithyroid agents at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). ... H03B code of antithyroid preparations Homsanit M, Sriussadaporn S, Vannasaeng S, Peerapatdit T, Nitiyanant W, Vichayanrat A ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antithyroid_agent
Radioactive Iodine Uptake Testing Medication: Antithyroid AgentRadioactive Iodine Uptake Testing Medication: Antithyroid Agent
Radioactive iodine uptake testing is a useful diagnostic tool for assessing thyroid pathologies. The atom is the smallest unit of an element.
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2094805-medication
Antithyroid agent Oral, Rectal Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.comAntithyroid agent Oral, Rectal Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.com
Detailed drug Information for antithyroid agent Oral, Rectal. Includes common brand names, drug descriptions, warnings, side ... While you are being treated with antithyroid agents, and after you stop treatment with it, do not have any immunizations ( ... Antithyroid agents may lower your bodys resistance and there is a chance you might get the infection the immunization is meant ... Antithyroid agent. Class Name: antithyroid agent (Oral route, Rectal route). Commonly used brand name(s). ...
https://www.drugs.com/cons/antithyroid-agent-oral-rectal.html
Goitrogens-anti Thyroid Agents | IndusladiesGoitrogens-anti Thyroid Agents | Indusladies
GOITROGENS-ANTI THYROID AGENTS Iodine is an essential micro nutrient for all animal species & iodine deficiency is among the ... GOITROGENS-ANTI THYROID AGENTS. Iodine is an essential micro nutrient for all animal species & iodine deficiency is among the ... Goitrogens-anti Thyroid Agents Discussion in Indian Diet & Nutrition started by MOKSHA GUPTA, Nov 12, 2007. ... A large number of food stuffs possess anti-thyroid agents collectively designated as Goitrogens.. Depending upon the level of ...
https://indusladies.com/community/threads/goitrogens-anti-thyroid-agents.15727/
Graves Disease Medication: Antithyroid agents, Beta-adrenergic blocker, Iodines, Bile acid sequestrants, Antidepressants,...Graves Disease Medication: Antithyroid agents, Beta-adrenergic blocker, Iodines, Bile acid sequestrants, Antidepressants,...
Antithyroid agents. Class Summary. Thioamides function as antithyroid agents mainly by inhibiting iodide organification and ... Now primarily used as a backup agent when other first-line agents are contraindicated because of hypersensitivity or toxicity. ... Oral contrast agents ipodate or iopanoic acid also shown to be potent inhibitors of T4-to-T3 conversion, making them ideal for ... Although these agents fall under pregnancy category D, they have been used safely in many pregnant patients. Retrospective ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120619-medication
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Design, Synthesis, Molecular Modeling, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Thiouracil Derivatives...Molecules | Free Full-Text | Design, Synthesis, Molecular Modeling, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Thiouracil Derivatives...
... and follow up experiments will be needed to confirm the use of the designed compounds as new potential antithyroid agents. ... more antithyroid activity. Most of the designed compounds show superiority over PTU in reducing the mean serum T4 levels of ... One of the mostly used antithyroid agents is 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU). The previously solved X-ray crystal structure of ... One of the mostly used antithyroid agents is 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU). The previously solved X-ray crystal structure of ...
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/11/2913
Effects of the antithyroid agent propylthiouracil in a partial life cycle assay with zebrafish. - Webbased Archive of RIVM...Effects of the antithyroid agent propylthiouracil in a partial life cycle assay with zebrafish. - Webbased Archive of RIVM...
Effects of the antithyroid agent propylthiouracil in a partial life cycle assay with zebrafish.. Authors:. Ven, Leo T M van der ... Effects of the antithyroid agent propylthiouracil in a partial life cycle assay with zebrafish.. en. ... Effects of the antithyroid agent propylthiouracil in a partial life cycle assay with zebrafish. ...
https://rivm.openrepository.com/rivm/handle/10029/7064
Synthesis of Some Novel Derivatives of 2-(9H-purin-6-ylsulfanyl) Acetohydrazide as Potential Antithyroid AgentsSynthesis of Some Novel Derivatives of 2-(9H-purin-6-ylsulfanyl) Acetohydrazide as Potential Antithyroid Agents
Acetohydrazide as Potential Antithyroid Agents. J. Mex. Chem. Soc [online]. 2012, vol.56, n.4, pp.362-368. ISSN 1870-249X. ... Keywords : Hyperthyroidism; Antithyroid activity; Hydrazides; In vitro activity; In vivo Activity. · abstract in Spanish · text ... The antithyroid effect of these compounds was ascertained in vitro by studying their complexation with iodine ... In vivo, the hormonal as well as histological variations in male Wistar rats demonstrated significant antithyroid potential (p ...
http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1870-249X2012000400002&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Antithyroid DrugAntithyroid Drug
... , Thioamide, Thionamide, Propylthiouracil, PTU, Methimazole, Tapazole. ... Agents, Antithyroid, Antithyroid Agents, THYROID ANTAG, ANTITHYROID AGENTS, anti-thyroid agents, anti-thyroid agents ( ... antithyroid agent, Antithyroid preparation, NOS, Thyroid inhibitor preparation, NOS, Antithyroid Agent, Antithyroid agent ( ... ANTITHYROID AGENTS, antithyroid drug, inhibitors thyroid, antithyroid agents, antithyroid preparations, antithyroid drugs, ...
https://fpnotebook.com/legacy/Endo/Pharm/AnthyrdDrg.htm
Thiamazole - Antithyroid Agents, ATC:H03BThiamazole - Antithyroid Agents, ATC:H03B
Oral LD50 in rats is 2250 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, headache, fever, joint pain, pruritus, and edema. Aplastic anemia (pancy-topenia) or agranulocytosis may be manifested in hours to days. Less frequent events are hepatitis, nephrotic syndrome, exfoliative dermatitis, neuropathies, and CNS stimulation or depression ...
http://pharmacycode.com/Thiamazole.html
Thiuragyl - Antithyroid Agents, Antimetabolites, ATC:H03BA02Thiuragyl - Antithyroid Agents, Antimetabolites, ATC:H03BA02
Propylthiouracil is a thiourea antithyroid agent. Graves disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. It is an ...
http://pharmacycode.com/Thiuragyl.html
PTU® Antithyroid Agent x100 Tablets | OKDERMO® Skin CarePTU® Antithyroid Agent x100 Tablets | OKDERMO® Skin Care
Antithyroid Agent tablets that works by preventing the thyroid gland from producing too much of the thyroid hormone. ... Shop » Supplements » Thyroid Extract Supplements » PTU® Antithyroid Agent x100 Tablets. Home / Supplements / Thyroid Extract ... Be the first to review "PTU® Antithyroid Agent x100 Tablets" Cancel reply. Your email address will not be published. Required ... PTU Tablet belongs to a group of medicine called anti-thyroid agents. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. It works ...
https://okdermo.com/product/ptu-propylthiouracil-50mg-tablets/
Endocrinology - Drugs| MedindiaEndocrinology - Drugs| Medindia
Anti-thyroid Agents. Generic Name(S). Class. Carbimazole Pro-drug Cinacalcet Calcimimetic Agent ...
https://www.medindia.net/drugs/speciality/endocrinology.htm
WHO HQ Library catalog › Results of search for su:{Antithyroid agents}WHO HQ Library catalog › Results of search for 'su:{Antithyroid agents}'
Some thyrotropic agents. by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans : Some Thyrotropic Agents Lyon ... Some anti-thyroid and related substances, nitrofurans and industrial chemicals / this publication represents the views of two ... some Anti-Thyroid and Related Substances Lyon, France) (1974 : ... Results of search for su:{Antithyroid agents} Refine your ...
https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=su:%7BAntithyroid%20agents%7D
Evaluation of the antithyroid, antioxidative and antihyperglycemic activity of scopoletin from Aegle marmelos leaves in...Evaluation of the antithyroid, antioxidative and antihyperglycemic activity of scopoletin from Aegle marmelos leaves in...
Hypoglycemic Agents / administration & dosage * Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology* * Lipid Peroxidation / drug effects * Plant ... Evaluation of the antithyroid, antioxidative and antihyperglycemic activity of scopoletin from Aegle marmelos leaves in ... Compared with the standard antithyroid drug, propylthiouracil, scopoletin exhibited a superior therapeutic activity, since ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17078113/
Drug-induced hair loss - Regrowth. Your Source Of Hair NewsDrug-induced hair loss - Regrowth. Your Source Of Hair News
Note: This is not a list of products, but active agents and substances known or purported to cause hair loss as a side effect. ... Antithyroid agents. *Carbimazole. *Iodine. *Thiocyanate. *Thiouracil. Calcium Channel Blockers. *Calan 240 mg ...
http://www.regrowth.com/hair-loss-articles/faqs/drug-induced-hair-loss/
Melphalan facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about MelphalanMelphalan facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Melphalan
melphalan (mel-fă-lan) n. an alkylating agent administered by mouth or injection to treat various types of cancer, particularly ... Melphalan is an anticancer (antineoplastic) agent. It also acts as a suppressor of the immune system. It is available under the ... Melphalan is a nitrogen mustard derivative and belongs to the group of alkylating anticancer agents. It chemically interferes ...
https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/drugs/pharmacology/melphalan
Drug-induced ocular side effects (Book, 2001) [WorldCat.org]Drug-induced ocular side effects (Book, 2001) [WorldCat.org]
Antithyroid agents. Erectile dysfunction agent. Estrogens and progestogens. Ovulatory agents. Thyroid hormones --. 8. Agents ... Antifungal agents. Antileprosy agents. Antimalarial agents. Antiprotozoal agents. Antitubercular agents --. 2. Agents affecting ... Antifungal agents. Antileprosy agents. Antimalarial agents. Antiprotozoal agents. Antitubercular agents -- 2. Agents affecting ... Antithyroid agents. Erectile dysfunction agent. Estrogens and progestogens. Ovulatory agents. Thyroid hormones -- 8. Agents ...
http://www.worldcat.org/title/drug-induced-ocular-side-effects/oclc/44129071
Thioguanine | Encyclopedia.comThioguanine | Encyclopedia.com
... agent belonging to the class of drugs called antimetabolites. It also acts as a suppressor of the immune system. It is ... Thioguanine is an anticancer (antineoplastic) agent belonging to the class of drugs called antimetabolites. It also acts as a ...
https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/drugs/pharmacology/thioguanine
Propylthiouracil Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.comPropylthiouracil Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.com
Drug class: antithyroid agents. Consumer resources. *Propylthiouracil. Professional resources. *Propylthiouracil (AHFS ... Propylthiouracil is an antithyroid medicine. It works by making it harder for the body to use iodine to make thyroid hormone. ... Propylthiouracil may be the preferred treatment when an antithyroid drug is indicated during or just prior to the first ...
https://www.drugs.com/cons/propylthiouracil.html
The Effect of Early Total Thyroidectomy in the Course of Graves' Orbitopathy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govThe Effect of Early Total Thyroidectomy in the Course of Graves' Orbitopathy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Antithyroid Agents. Antimetabolites. Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action. Hormone Antagonists. Hormones, Hormone ... All patients will be treated with antithyroid drug until TSH levels of the patients are between 0.4-1. During this period all ... Active Comparator: Anti-thyroid drug Drug: Propylthiouracil 150-600 mg in two-three divided doses ... anti-thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin levels will be measured in 3 months intervals for a period of 12 months. ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01056419?recr=Open&cond=%22Graves+Disease%22&rank=18
Gustin Gene Polymorphism and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) Taste - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govGustin Gene Polymorphism and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) Taste - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Antithyroid Agents. Hormone Antagonists. Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists. Physiological Effects of Drugs ...
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01097915?term=Taste+Disorders&rank=24
Positive impact of long-term antithyroid drug treatment on the outcome of children with Graves disease: national long-term...Positive impact of long-term antithyroid drug treatment on the outcome of children with Graves' disease: national long-term...
Antithyroid Agents / adverse effects * Antithyroid Agents / pharmacology * Antithyroid Agents / therapeutic use* * Child ... Positive impact of long-term antithyroid drug treatment on the outcome of children with Graves disease: national long-term ... Definitive treatment was performed in cases of poor compliance with antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment, thyrotoxicosis relapse, ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22031519/?dopt=Abstract
Similar articles for PubMed (Select 22892501) - PubMed - NCBISimilar articles for PubMed (Select 22892501) - PubMed - NCBI
Fever due to antithyroid agents].. Shamelian SO, Nortier JW.. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1999 Jan 30;143(5):225-8. Dutch. ... Antithyroid drug-induced agranulocytosis. A rare but dreaded condition].. Lehtihet M, Zedenius J, Helldén A, Axelsson R, ... Retrospective analysis of 18 cases of antithyroid drug (ATD)-induced agranulocytosis.. Dai WX, Zhang JD, Zhan SW, Xu BZ, Jin H ... Characteristics of agranulocytosis as an adverse effect of antithyroid drugs in the second or later course of treatment. ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=22892501
Current Updates on Oxazolidinone and Its SignificanceCurrent Updates on Oxazolidinone and Its Significance
9) Antithyroid Agent [81]. 5-Vinyloxazolidine-2-thione (VOT) administered orally to lactating rats was found to be efficiently ... a novel oxazolidinone antibacterial agent," in Proceedings of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and ... C. W. Ford et al., in Proceedings of the 35th Internscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1995. ... have reported isoxazolidinone agents having various substitutions at the C-region and most of the compounds have been found to ...
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijmc/2012/159285/
The Recurrence Rate of Graves Disease among Patients with Subclinical Thyrotoxicosis after Initial Remission with Antithyroid...The Recurrence Rate of Graves' Disease among Patients with Subclinical Thyrotoxicosis after Initial Remission with Antithyroid...
... treatment with antithyroid agents who then developed subclinical thyrotoxicosis after discontinuation of antithyroid agents. ... Antithyroid Agents , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Endocrinology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Graves Disease , Humans , Male , ... Full text: Available Index: WPRIM (Western Pacific) Main subject: Recurrence / Antithyroid Agents / Thyrotoxicosis / Female / ... Full text: Available Index: WPRIM (Western Pacific) Main subject: Recurrence / Antithyroid Agents / Thyrotoxicosis / Female / ...
https://search.bvsalud.org/gim/resource/en/wpr-155536
Hypothyroidism Versus Hyperthyroidism | Fox NewsHypothyroidism Versus Hyperthyroidism | Fox News
Doctors generally treat hyperthyroidism with anti-thyroid agents. These medications prevent the thyroid from making hormones, ...
http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/02/10/hypothyroidism-versus-hyperthyroidism.html
Medication Use by Medicare Beneficiaries Living in Nursing Homes and Assisted Living Facilities | ASPEMedication Use by Medicare Beneficiaries Living in Nursing Homes and Assisted Living Facilities | ASPE
Insulin and Anti-Diabetic Agents. 16.7. 92.9. 15.8. 93.2. Thyroid and Antithyroid Agents. 14.2. 95.2. 16.3. 96.6. ... Cholesterol and Triglyceride Lowering Agents. 2.6. 76.0. 5.4*. 81.3. Ear/Eye/Nose/Rectum/Topical/Vagina/Other. 49.6. 64.4. 44.2 ... Anti-Cancer Agents. 4.0. 65.0. 2.8*. 76.3. SOURCE: Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, Institutional Drug File, 1998.* ... Use of cardiovascular agents such as ace-inhibitors, cardiac stimulants, and calcium channel blockers are also similar in both ...
https://aspe.hhs.gov/basic-report/medication-use-medicare-beneficiaries-living-nursing-homes-and-assisted-living-facilities
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Drug Information - Indications, Dosage, Side Effects and PrecautionsPropylthiouracil (PTU) Drug Information - Indications, Dosage, Side Effects and Precautions
... generic is an antithyroid agent, prescribed for hyperthyroidism. It stops the thyroid gland from making thyroid hormone. ... This medication is an antithyroid agent, prescribed for hyperthyroidism. It stops the thyroid gland from making thyroid hormone ...
http://www.medindia.net/doctors/drug_information/propylthiouracil.htm
Unit IV Med Review Flashcards by Becky Reimann | BrainscapeUnit IV Med Review Flashcards by Becky Reimann | Brainscape
Study Unit IV Med Review flashcards from Becky Reimann
https://www.brainscape.com/flashcards/unit-iv-med-review-2235928/packs/3383642
PropylthiouracilHyperthyroidismMethimazoleCarbimazoleTreated with antithyroid drugsDrugsPotential antithyroidIodineThioureaMedicationMedicationsRelapseThiouracilDiscontinuationSubstancesThyrotoxicosisRemissionCorticosteroidsIodideGravesAntifungalAntipsychoticDerivativesPregnancyAdrenalHormonesPotassiumAnti-thyroid agentCompoundsTreatmentClassAntineoplasticAntihypertensive agentsConcentrationsChemicalAntiprotozoalAntiarrhythmicAnticancerMechanisms
Propylthiouracil7
  • The main antithyroid drugs are carbimazole (in the UK), methimazole (in the US), and propylthiouracil/PTU. (wikipedia.org)
  • Effects of the antithyroid agent propylthiouracil in a partial life cycle assay with zebrafish. (openrepository.com)
  • Propylthiouracil is a thiourea antithyroid agent. (pharmacycode.com)
  • Compared with the standard antithyroid drug, propylthiouracil, scopoletin exhibited a superior therapeutic activity, since unlike propylthiouracil, it also inhibited hepatic lipid peroxidation. (nih.gov)
  • Propylthiouracil is an antithyroid medicine. (drugs.com)
  • Propylthiouracil is in a class of medications called antithyroid agents. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Propylthiouracil is an antithyroid agent, a thioamide. (patientslikeme.com)
Hyperthyroidism5
  • Doctors generally treat hyperthyroidism with anti-thyroid agents. (foxnews.com)
  • This medication is an antithyroid agent, prescribed for hyperthyroidism. (medindia.net)
  • Potassium Iodide is used as an adjunct to other antithyroid agents in the treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis and preoperatively to induce thyroid involution. (drugbank.ca)
  • These immune and clinical peculiarities support the concept that antithyroid drugs should be the first-line treatment in Alemtuzumab-induced Graves' hyperthyroidism. (frontiersin.org)
  • Thy- roidectomy for hyperthyroidism was first performed in 1880, and antithyroid drugs and radioiodine therapy were developed in the early 1940s. (who.int)
Methimazole3
  • Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity. (nih.gov)
  • The first line of treatment is antithyroid agents , such as methimazole and potassium perchlorate. (healthline.com)
  • A number of teratogenic drugs such as Methimazole, a Thiomidazole derivative used as an antithyroid agent, have shown to be involved [ 10 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Carbimazole1
  • Carbimazole is a thyroid reducing agent. (mims.com)
Treated with antithyroid drugs1
  • It occurs in about 0.2 to 0.3% of cases treated with antithyroid drugs. (wikipedia.org)
Drugs5
  • Thioguanine is an anticancer (antineoplastic) agent belonging to the class of drugs called antimetabolites. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Retrospective analysis of 18 cases with agranulocytosis induced by antithyroid drugs]. (nih.gov)
  • Antithyroid drugs. (nih.gov)
  • Mucolytic agents, that is drugs that liquefy mucous secretions, are also included here. (drugbank.ca)
  • From a clinical point of view, Alemtuzumab-induced GD is characterized by a surprisingly high rate of remission, both spontaneous and after antithyroid drugs, as well as by a spontaneous shift to hypothyroidism, which is supposed to result from a change from stimulating to blocking TSH-receptor antibodies. (frontiersin.org)
Potential antithyroid1
  • The designed compounds in this study showed a promising activity profile in reducing levels of thyroid hormones and follow up experiments will be needed to confirm the use of the designed compounds as new potential antithyroid agents. (mdpi.com)
Iodine3
  • The antithyroid effect of these compounds was ascertained in vitro by studying their complexation with iodine spectrophotometrically. (scielo.org.mx)
  • A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. (fpnotebook.com)
  • According to Weinstein, "The majority of patients treated with antithyroid medications will relapse and need to move forward with more definitive therapy with either radioactive iodine ablation or surgery. (healthline.com)
Thiourea1
  • Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage is a rare complication of thiourea agents and the treatment often requires corticosteroids or other immunosuppressants, together with withdrawal of the causative agent. (hkmj.org)
Medication3
  • A study has shown no difference in outcome for adding thyroxine to antithyroid medication and continuing thyroxine versus placebo after antithyroid medication withdrawal. (wikipedia.org)
  • Medically treated Graves disease has a significant risk of relapse (23% within 6 months of discontinuation of antithyroid medication and 42% within 5 years). (medscape.com)
  • The recurrence rate of patients with Graves' disease (GD) is estimated to be 50-55% after withdrawal of antithyroid drug therapy , and relapse is frequent in the first year after discontinuing the medication. (bvsalud.org)
Medications3
  • In Graves' disease, treatment with antithyroid medications must be given for six months to two years, in order to be effective. (wikipedia.org)
  • Side effects of the antithyroid medications include a potentially fatal reduction in the level of white blood cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Particular attention to medications to identify possible causative agent. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
Relapse1
  • Definitive treatment was performed in cases of poor compliance with antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment, thyrotoxicosis relapse, or major adverse effects of ATD treatment. (nih.gov)
Thiouracil2
  • One of the mostly used antithyroid agents is 6- n- propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU). (mdpi.com)
  • In the current study, the structural activity relationship (SAR) was performed on the thiouracil nucleus of PTU to target these hydrophobic side chains and gain more favorable interactions and, in return, more antithyroid activity. (mdpi.com)
Discontinuation2
  • We enrolled patients whose GD was completely treated after initial treatment with antithyroid agents who then developed subclinical thyrotoxicosis after discontinuation of antithyroid agents . (bvsalud.org)
  • Abrupt discontinuation of any beta-adrenergic-blocking agent, including nadolol, can result in the development of myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, ventricular arrhythmias, or severe hypertension, particularly in patients with preexisting cardiac disease. (pdr.net)
Substances1
  • Note: This is not a list of products, but active agents and substances known or purported to cause hair loss as a side effect. (regrowth.com)
Thyrotoxicosis2
  • Follow-up examination of these patients frequently reveals laboratory findings consistent with subclinical thyrotoxicosis in the first year after stopping the antithyroid agents . (bvsalud.org)
  • We investigated the risk of recurrence of GD among patients with resurfacing subclinical thyrotoxicosis state after remission of initial GD with antithyroid treatments . (bvsalud.org)
Remission1
  • A positive TSHR-Ab at the end of antithyroid drug treatment increases the risk of recurrence to 90% (sensitivity 39%, specificity 98%), a negative TSHR-Ab at the end of antithyroid drug treatment is associated with a 78% chance of remaining in remission. (wikipedia.org)
Corticosteroids1
  • 7. Hormones and agents affecting hormonal mechanisms: Adrenal corticosteroids. (worldcat.org)
Iodide3
  • Thioamides function as antithyroid agents mainly by inhibiting iodide organification and coupling processes, thereby preventing synthesis of thyroid hormones. (medscape.com)
  • potassium iodide an expectorant, antithyroid agent, and antifungal. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Potassium Iodide is oral antithyroid agent. (drugbank.ca)
Graves2
  • The investigators aimed to compare the results of total thyroidectomy done in 6 months following the appearance of the symptoms of ophthalmopathy and the antithyroid drug therapy in patients with moderate to severe Graves' ophthalmopathy. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • RÉSUMÉ La première description des pathologies thyroïdiennes, telles qu'on les connaît aujourd'hui, a été celle de la maladie de Graves par Caleb Parry en 1786, mais la pathogenèse de l'affection thyroïdienne n'a pas été découverte avant 1882-1886. (who.int)
Antifungal1
Antipsychotic1
Derivatives1
  • Theophylline Derivatives: Anti-thyroid Agents may increase the serum concentration of Theophylline Derivatives. (pediatriconcall.com)
Pregnancy1
  • Although these agents fall under pregnancy category D, they have been used safely in many pregnant patients. (medscape.com)
Adrenal1
  • 3. Mitotane (Lysodern) cytotoxic agent that is toxic to adrenal glands for inoperable adrenocoritcal cancer. (studystack.com)
Hormones2
  • An antithyroid agent is a hormone antagonist acting upon thyroid hormones. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cyanide is an anti-thyroid agent that stops the gland from synthesizing hormones that bond to their receptors. (davidwolfe.com)
Potassium2
  • A less common antithyroid agent is potassium perchlorate. (wikipedia.org)
  • potassium permanganate a topical antiinfective and oxidizing agent, and an antidote for many poisons. (thefreedictionary.com)
Anti-thyroid agent1
  • NeoMercazole is an anti-thyroid agent. (mims.com)
Compounds1
  • In vivo, the hormonal as well as histological variations in male Wistar rats demonstrated significant antithyroid potential (p ≤ 0.05) of these compounds. (scielo.org.mx)
Treatment3
  • the other group will be followed under antithyroid drug treatment and their TSH levels will be kept between 0.4-1 also. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Active agent can be incorporated in many dosage forms in such a way to achieve a convenient and efficacious drug delivery system for the treatment of diseases based on the route of administration. (ijpsonline.com)
  • For the treatment of hypertension, either alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, especially thiazide diuretics. (pdr.net)
Class2
  • The oxazolidinones are a new class of antimicrobial agents which have a unique structure and good activity against gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. (hindawi.com)
  • Oxazolidinones represent a new class of synthetic antibacterial agents active against multiple-resistant gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), penicillin-resistant streptococci, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Antineoplastic1
Antihypertensive agents1
Concentrations1
  • Serum concentrations of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in antithyroid drug-induced agranulocytosis. (nih.gov)
Chemical1
  • Extraction of acidic degradation products of organophosphorus chemical warfare agents. (nist.gov)
Antiprotozoal1
Antiarrhythmic1
Anticancer1
  • Melphalan is a nitrogen mustard derivative and belongs to the group of alkylating anticancer agents. (encyclopedia.com)
Mechanisms1
  • Agents have been reported to alter intrathyroidal immunoregulatory mechanisms. (medscape.com)
Radioactive Iodine Uptake Testing Medication: Antithyroid Agent
Radioactive Iodine Uptake Testing Medication: Antithyroid Agent (emedicine.medscape.com)
Tapazole: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings - Drugs.com
Tapazole: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings - Drugs.com (drugs.com)
Methimazole (Professional Patient Advice) - Drugs.com
Methimazole (Professional Patient Advice) - Drugs.com (drugs.com)
Medication Use by Medicare Beneficiaries Living in Nursing Homes and Assisted Living Facilities | ASPE
Medication Use by Medicare Beneficiaries Living in Nursing Homes and Assisted Living Facilities | ASPE (aspe.hhs.gov)
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Drug Information - Indications, Dosage, Side Effects and Precautions
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Drug Information - Indications, Dosage, Side Effects and Precautions (medindia.net)
Unit IV Med Review Flashcards by Becky Reimann | Brainscape
Unit IV Med Review Flashcards by Becky Reimann | Brainscape (brainscape.com)
Propylthiouracil: MedlinePlus Drug Information
Propylthiouracil: MedlinePlus Drug Information (medlineplus.gov)
Pharmacy Technician Professional Online Courses - PROTrain
Pharmacy Technician Professional Online Courses - PROTrain (distance-education.org)
Pharmacotherapeutics For Advanced Practice Nurse Prescribers - F.A.Davis Company - Literati by Credo
Pharmacotherapeutics For Advanced Practice Nurse Prescribers - F.A.Davis Company - Literati by Credo (corp.credoreference.com)
Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences | Volume 49, Issue 2 | 1987
Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences | Volume 49, Issue 2 | 1987 (ijpsonline.com)
Methimazole - DrugBank
Methimazole - DrugBank (drugbank.ca)
The Skeptical Aquarist by Eric Borneman - Reefkeeping.com
The Skeptical Aquarist by Eric Borneman - Reefkeeping.com (reefkeeping.com)
SciELO - Public Health - On the rumors about the silent spring: review of the scientific evidence linking occupational and...
SciELO - Public Health - On the rumors about the silent spring: review of the scientific evidence linking occupational and... (scielosp.org)
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis | SpringerLink
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Prof. dr. A. (Anthonius) de Boer - Bètawetenschappen - Universiteit Utrecht
Prof. dr. A. (Anthonius) de Boer - Bètawetenschappen - Universiteit Utrecht (uu.nl)
Causes of autism - Wikipedia
Causes of autism - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Irene Lorand-Metze's Research on Refractory Anemia with Excess of Blasts (RAEM) | CureHunter
Irene Lorand-Metze's Research on Refractory Anemia with Excess of Blasts (RAEM) | CureHunter (curehunter.com)
ERK Inhibition | ERK Inhibitor Review
ERK Inhibition | ERK Inhibitor Review (selleckchem.com)
Frontiers | Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases in Patients Treated with Alemtuzumab for Multiple Sclerosis: An Example of Selective...
Frontiers | Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases in Patients Treated with Alemtuzumab for Multiple Sclerosis: An Example of Selective... (frontiersin.org)
Handbook of Clinical Pharmacokinetic Data | SpringerLink
Handbook of Clinical Pharmacokinetic Data | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
White blood cell count - series-Results: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
White blood cell count - series-Results: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (medlineplus.gov)
Hicon (Sodium Iodide I 131): Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning
Hicon (Sodium Iodide I 131): Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning (rxlist.com)
Cassava: Health Benefits, Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & Interactions
Cassava: Health Benefits, Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & Interactions (rxlist.com)
Soy Alert!
Soy Alert! (westonaprice.org)
Soy Alert! Brochure - The Weston A. Price Foundation
Soy Alert! Brochure - The Weston A. Price Foundation (westonaprice.org)
The Modern Soy Epidemic - Natural Parenting Australia
The Modern Soy Epidemic - Natural Parenting Australia (naturalparenting.com.au)
5 Bad Habits That Make Thyroid Problems Worse - David Avocado Wolfe
5 Bad Habits That Make Thyroid Problems Worse - David Avocado Wolfe (davidwolfe.com)
Potassium-iodide - Mechanism, Indication, Contraindications, Dosing, Adverse Effect, Interaction | Drug Index | Pediatric Oncall
Potassium-iodide - Mechanism, Indication, Contraindications, Dosing, Adverse Effect, Interaction | Drug Index | Pediatric Oncall (pediatriconcall.com)