Substances that are destructive to protozoans.
A hemoflagellate subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes Rhodesian sleeping sickness in humans. It is carried by Glossina pallidipes, G. morsitans and occasionally other species of game-attacking tsetse flies.
Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.
Tests that demonstrate the relative effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents against specific parasites.
A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals and causes visceral leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL). The sandfly genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia are the vectors.
Infections with unicellular organisms formerly members of the subkingdom Protozoa.
Agents destructive to the protozoal organisms belonging to the suborder TRYPANOSOMATINA.
A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain scandenolide (a sesquiterpene lactone) and germacranolides.
The agent of South American trypanosomiasis or CHAGAS DISEASE. Its vertebrate hosts are man and various domestic and wild animals. Insects of several species are vectors.
A genus of flagellate protozoans found in the blood and lymph of vertebrates and invertebrates, both hosts being required to complete the life cycle.
A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals and causes visceral leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL). Human infections are confined almost entirely to children. This parasite is commonly seen in dogs, other Canidae, and porcupines with humans considered only an accidental host. Transmission is by Phlebotomus sandflies.
The concentration of a compound needed to reduce population growth of organisms, including eukaryotic cells, by 50% in vitro. Though often expressed to denote in vitro antibacterial activity, it is also used as a benchmark for cytotoxicity to eukaryotic cells in culture.
Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.
A disease endemic among people and animals in Central Africa. It is caused by various species of trypanosomes, particularly T. gambiense and T. rhodesiense. Its second host is the TSETSE FLY. Involvement of the central nervous system produces "African sleeping sickness." Nagana is a rapidly fatal trypanosomiasis of horses and other animals.
A disease of the CARDIAC MUSCLE developed subsequent to the initial protozoan infection by TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI. After infection, less than 10% develop acute illness such as MYOCARDITIS (mostly in children). The disease then enters a latent phase without clinical symptoms until about 20 years later. Myocardial symptoms of advanced CHAGAS DISEASE include conduction defects (HEART BLOCK) and CARDIOMEGALY.
Infection with protozoa of the genus TRYPANOSOMA.
A synthetic tetracycline derivative with similar antimicrobial activity.
Extensive collections, reputedly complete, of facts and data garnered from material of a specialized subject area and made available for analysis and application. The collection can be automated by various contemporary methods for retrieval. The concept should be differentiated from DATABASES, BIBLIOGRAPHIC which is restricted to collections of bibliographic references.
Sequential operating programs and data which instruct the functioning of a digital computer.
The terms, expressions, designations, or symbols used in a particular science, discipline, or specialized subject area.
An organothiophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Determination of the quantity of a material present in a mixture by measurement of its effect on the electrical conductivity of the mixture. (Webster, 3d ed)

Persistent damage to Enterocytozoon bieneusi, with persistent symptomatic relief, after combined furazolidone and albendazole in AIDS patients. (1/1602)

AIM: To investigate morphological changes in Enterocytozoon bieneusi and the duration of symptomatic relief after combination treatment with furazolidone and albendazole in AIDS patients. METHODS: Four severely immunocompromised AIDS patients with symptomatic E bieneusi infection of the gut received an 18 day course of combined furazolidone and albendazole (500 + 800 mg daily). All patients were monitored for parasite shedding in stool by light microscopy at the end of treatment and monthly during follow up. At the end of treatment, duodenal biopsy specimens obtained from three patients were studied by transmission electron microscopy by two pathologists blind to the patients' treatment or clinical outcome. Duodenal biopsy specimens obtained from one of the patients two months after completion of treatment were also studied electronmicroscopically. RESULTS: All patients had long lasting symptomatic relief, with a major decrease--or transient absence--of spore shedding in stools from completion of treatment. After treatment, changes in faecal spores were persistently found by light microscopy in all cases, and there was evidence of both a substantial decrease in the parasite load and ultrastructural damage in the parasite in all biopsy specimens. The treatment was well tolerated, and no patient had clinical or parasitological relapse during follow up (up to 15 months). CONCLUSIONS: The long lasting symptomatic relief observed in all four treated patients correlated with the persistent decrease in parasite load both in tissue and in stool, and with the morphological changes observed in the life cycle of the protozoan. These data suggest that combined treatment with furazolidone and albendazole is active against E bieneusi and may result in lasting remission even in severely immunocompromised patients.  (+info)

U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of AmBisome (liposomal amphotericin B) for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. (2/1602)

In August 1997, AmBisome (liposomal amphotericin B, Nexstar, San Dimas, CA) was the first drug approved for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The growing recognition of emerging and reemerging infections warrants that safe and effective agents to treat such infections be readily available in the United States. The following discussion of the data submitted in support of the New Drug Application for AmBisome for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis shows the breadth of data from clinical trials that can be appropriate to support approval for drugs to treat tropical diseases.  (+info)

Activity of disulfiram (bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulphide) and ditiocarb (diethyldithiocarbamate) against metronidazole-sensitive and -resistant Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus. (3/1602)

Clinical resistance of Trichomonas vaginalis to metronidazole is best correlated with MIC values measured under aerobic conditions. Under these conditions both disulfiram (bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulphide), and its first mammalian metabolite, ditiocarb (diethyldithiocarbamate), showed high levels of activity against metronidazole-sensitive (disulfiram MIC, 0.1-0.7 microM; ditiocarb MIC, 0.3-9 microM) and -resistant (MICs 0.2-1.3 microM and 1.2-9 microM respectively) isolates. Tritrichomonas foetus was also sensitive-the MICs for seven metronidazole-sensitive isolates were 0.1-1.0 microM for disulfiram and 1.0-6.9 microM for ditiocarb; those for two highly metronidazole-resistant strains were 0.3-1.3 microM and 0.6-6 microM respectively. Under anerobic conditions most strains became highly resistant to both compounds. Surprisingly, disulfiram was consistently more active than ditiocarb.  (+info)

Value of Western blotting in the clinical follow-up of canine leishmaniasis. (4/1602)

Specific serum antibody levels in Leishmania infantum-infected dogs treated with a combination of glucantime and allopurinol were estimated by indirect immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The sensitivity of Western blot was greater than that obtained with immunofluorescence titration. In general, both diagnostic methods concurred with the post-treatment clinical status of the animals. Clinical improvement of successfully treated dogs was related to lower immunofluorescence titers and simpler and/or less reactive immunodetection patterns in Western blotting. The recognition, by infected dogs, of certain low molecular weight antigens, particularly one of approximately 26 kDa, was restricted to pretreatment samples and a single animal in relapse thus apparently constituting an active infection marker.  (+info)

Recombinant bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI21) in combination with sulfadiazine is active against Toxoplasma gondii. (5/1602)

The activity of recombinant bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI21), alone or in combination with sulfadiazine, on the intracellular replication of Toxoplasma gondii was assessed in vitro and in mice with acute toxoplasmosis. rBPI21 markedly inhibited the intracellular growth of T. gondii in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs). Following 72 h of exposure, the 50% inhibitory concentration of rBPI21 for T. gondii was 2.6 micrograms/ml, whereas only slight cytotoxicity for HFF cells was observed at the concentrations tested. Subsequent mathematical analyses revealed that the combination of rBPI21 with sulfadiazine yielded slight to moderate synergistic effects against T. gondii in vitro. Infection of mice orally with C56 cysts or intraperitoneally (i.p.) with RH tachyzoites resulted in 100% mortality, whereas prolongation of the time to death or significant survival (P = 0.002) was noted for those animals treated with 5 to 20 mg of rBPI21 per kg of body weight per day. Treatment with rBPI21 in combination with sulfadiazine resulted in significant (P = 0.0001) survival of mice infected i.p. with tachyzoites but not of mice infected orally with T. gondii cysts. These results indicate that rBPI21 is active in vitro and in vivo against T. gondii and that its activity is significantly enhanced when it is used in combination with sulfadiazine. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the activity of rBPI21 against a protozoan parasite.  (+info)

Indolylquinoline derivatives are cytotoxic to Leishmania donovani promastigotes and amastigotes in vitro and are effective in treating murine visceral leishmaniasis. (6/1602)

A wide variety of biologically active compounds contain indole and quinoline nuclei. Some novel indolylquinoline derivatives were synthesized from indole by Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction. Out of the four derivatives tested, 2-(2''-acetamidobenzyl)-3-(3'-indolylquinoline) (C) had no effect on the promastigotes or amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in vitro. The remaining three analogues, 2-(2''-dichloroacetamidobenzyl)-3-(3'-indolylquinoline) (A), 2-(2''-chloroacetamidobenzyl)-3-(3'-indolylquinoline) (B), and 2-(2''-aminobenzyl)-3-(3'-indolylquinoline) (D), inhibited the growth of L. donovani promastigotes in vitro and were cytotoxic to both the promastigote and amastigote forms of the parasite. These three derivatives were also effective in eliminating L. donovani amastigotes from BALB/c mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. One indolylquinoline derivative [A] was used to treat established visceral leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice. This compound was significantly more effective than sodium antimony gluconate (SAG) in reducing the splenic parasite load at a much lower concentration (5% of SAG). Our results suggest that indolylquinoline derivatives may be exploited as antileishmanial agents.  (+info)

What controls glycolysis in bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei? (7/1602)

On the basis of the experimentally determined kinetic properties of the trypanosomal enzymes, the question is addressed of which step limits the glycolytic flux in bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei. There appeared to be no single answer; in the physiological range, control shifted between the glucose transporter on the one hand and aldolase (ALD), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GDH) on the other hand. The other kinases, which are often thought to control glycolysis, exerted little control; so did the utilization of ATP. We identified potential targets for anti-trypanosomal drugs by calculating which steps need the least inhibition to achieve a certain inhibition of the glycolytic flux in these parasites. The glucose transporter appeared to be the most promising target, followed by ALD, GDH, GAPDH, and PGK. By contrast, in erythrocytes more than 95% deficiencies of PGK, GAPDH, or ALD did not cause any clinical symptoms (Schuster, R. and Holzhutter, H.-G. (1995) Eur. J. Biochem. 229, 403-418). Therefore, the selectivity of drugs inhibiting these enzymes may be much higher than expected from their molecular effects alone. Quite unexpectedly, trypanosomes seem to possess a substantial overcapacity of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase, making these "irreversible" enzymes mediocre drug targets.  (+info)

Cost-effectiveness analysis of humanitarian relief interventions: visceral leishmaniasis treatment in the Sudan. (8/1602)

Spending by aid agencies on emergencies has quadrupled over the last decade, to over US$6 billion. To date, cost-effectiveness has seldom been considered in the prioritization and evaluation of emergency interventions. The sheer volume of resources spent on humanitarian aid and the chronicity of many humanitarian interventions call for more attention to be paid to the issue of 'value for money'. In this paper we present data from a major humanitarian crisis, an epidemic of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in war-torn Sudan. The special circumstances provided us, in retrospect, with unusually accurate data on excess mortality, costs of the intervention and its effects, thus allowing us to express cost-effectiveness as the cost per Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) averted. The cost-effectiveness ratio, of US$18.40 per DALY (uncertainty range between US$13.53 and US$27.63), places the treatment of VL in Sudan among health interventions considered 'very good value for money' (interventions of less than US$25 per DALY). We discuss the usefulness of this analysis to the internal management of the VL programme, the procurement of funds for the programme, and more generally, to priority setting in humanitarian relief interventions. We feel that in evaluations of emergency interventions attempts could be made more often to perform cost-effectiveness analyses, including the use of DALYs, provided that the outcomes of these analyses are seen in the broad context of the emergency situation and its consequences on the affected population. This paper provides a first contribution to what is hoped to become an international database of cost-effectiveness studies of health interventions during relief operations, which use a comparable measure of health outcome such as the DALY.  (+info)

Antiprotozoal drugs are medicines that are used to treat a variety of diseases caused by protozoa. Protozoa are one-celled organisms, such as amoebas. Some are parasitic and cause infections in the body. African sleeping sickness,giardiasis, amebiasis, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), and malaria are examples of diseases caused by protozoa.. Antiprotozoal drugs come in liquid, tablet, and injectable forms and are available only with a doctors prescription. Some commonly used antiprotozoal drugs are metronidazole (Flagyl), eflornithine (Ornidyl), furazolidone (Furoxone), hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil), iodoquinol (Diquinol, Yodoquinol, Yodoxin), and pentamidine (Pentam 300). The recommended dosage depends on the type ofantiprotozoal drug, its strength, and the medical problem for which it is being used. Check with the physician who prescribed the drug or the pharmacistwho filled the prescription for the correct dosage. Always take antiprotozoaldrugs exactly as directed.. Some people feel ...
View list of generic drugs that are classified under Antiprotozoal Agents, Amebicides along with ICD Code. Find related prescribing information and price details for each drug listed under it.
Antiprotozoal agents (ATC code: ATC P01) is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatment of protozoan infection. Protozoans have little in common with each other (for example, Entamoeba histolytica, an unikont eukaryotic organism, is less closely related to Naegleria fowleri, a bikont eukaryotic organism, than it is to Homo sapiens, which belongs to the unikont phylogenetic group) and so agents effective against one pathogen may not be effective against another. They can be grouped by mechanism or by organism. Recent papers have also proposed the use of viruses to treat infections caused by protozoa. Antiprotozoals are used to treat protozoal infections, which include amebiasis, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis, microsporidiosis, malaria, babesiosis, trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, and toxoplasmosis. Currently, many of the treatments for these infections are limited by their toxicity. The mechanisms of antiprotozoal drugs differ significantly drug to drug. For example, it appears ...
BioAssay record AID 774779 submitted by ChEMBL: Antiprotozoal activity against axenic amastigote form of Leishmania donovani MHOM/ET/67/L82 assessed as parasite growth inhibition.
Broxaldine | Antiprotozoal drug | Brobenzoxaldine | CAS [3684-46-6] | Axon 2804 | Axon Ligand™ with >99% purity available from supplier Axon Medchem, prime source of life science reagents for your research
Azithromycin, an azalide antibiotic, is highly concentrated within different phagocytic cells, especially macrophages. The potential antileishmanial activity of azithromycin against three species of Leishmania from the New World was assessed using in vitro models. Azithromycin decreased viability of promastigote cultures of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, and Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi as determined by the colorimetric Alamar blue assay. In amastigote intracellular cultures, a significant decrease in infected macrophages counts was observed for all three species with IC50 of 20.83 (27 μ mol/L), 2.18 (2.7 μmol/L), and 6.12 (7.8 μmol/L) μg/mL, respectively. Azithromycin showed in vitro activity against L. (L.) amazonensis, L. (V.) braziliensis, and L. (L.) chagasi and may offer an alternative to current leishmaniasis treatment.
View Anitbacterial & Antiprotozoal shopping areas from our Pharmacy catalog. Shop Pharmacy in our Anitbacterial & Antiprotozoal department online made by Vedco. Shop, sign-up and save, or request your free Pharmacy catalog. Free Shipping on Anitbacterial & Antiprotozoal products for orders over $60.
Sixteen 1,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazole compounds 4-19 derived from the tetrahydrofuran neolignans veraguensin 1, grandisin 2, and machilin G 3 were tested against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis intracellular amastigotes. Triazole compounds 4-19 were synthetized via Click Chemistry strategy by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between terminal acetylenes and aryl azides containing methoxy and methylenedioxy groups as substituents. Our results suggest that most derivatives were active against intracellular amastigotes, with IC50 values ranging from 4.4 to 32.7 µM. The index of molecular hydrophobicity (ClogP) ranged from 2.8 to 3.4, reflecting a lipophilicity/hydrosolubility rate suitable for transport across membranes, which may have resulted in the potent antileishmanial activity observed. Regarding structure-activity relationship (SAR), compounds 14 and 19, containing a trimethoxy group, were the most active (IC50 values of 5.6 and 4.4 µM, respectively), with low cytotoxicity on mammalian cells (SI = 14.1
TY - JOUR. T1 - Synthesis and antiprotozoal activity of oligomethylene- and p-phenylene-bis(methylene)-linked bis(+)-huprines. AU - Sola, Irene. AU - Artigas, Albert. AU - Taylor, Martin C.. AU - Gbedema, Stephen Y.. AU - Pérez, Belén. AU - Clos, M. Victòria. AU - Wright, Colin W.. AU - Kelly, John M.. AU - Muñoz-Torrero, Diego. PY - 2014/12/1. Y1 - 2014/12/1. N2 - © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. We have synthesized a series of dimers of (+)-(7R,11R)-huprine Y and evaluated their activity against Trypanosoma brucei, Plasmodium falciparum, rat myoblast L6 cells and human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE), and their brain permeability. Most dimers have more potent and selective trypanocidal activity than huprine Y and are brain permeable, but they are devoid of antimalarial activity and remain active against hAChE. Lead optimization will focus on identifying compounds with a more favourable trypanocidal/anticholinesterase activity ratio.. AB - © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
Bark used as expectorant and for asthma.. • In Africa, bark root used for pulmonary problems; leaf for leprosy, and flower for kidney ailments and as diuretic.. • In West Nigeria, leaves and stems soaked and boiled in water, used for skin rashes. (see source study). • In India, reported Mawasi tribal use of flowers for diarrhea. (see source study). Scientific studies on the benefits and uses of the monkey tail. • Antimicrobial:. Studies of leaf extracts isolated gallic acid, corilagin and geranin responsible for antimicrobial activity.. • Trypanocidal/ antiprotozoal agent:. Aqueous extract of Acalypha hispida leaves suggest trypanocidal effect.. • Anti-ulcer / Anti-tumor:. Studies yielded geraniin and dehydroellagitannins which suggest diverse biological properties including anti-ulcer and anti-tumor effects, antibacterial activity against helicobacter pylori and antifungal activity.. • Phytochemicals:. Phytochemical studies yield phenolics, flavonoids, hydroxyanthraquinones and ...
REIMAO, JULIANA QUERO... Investigation of Calcium Channel Blockers as Antiprotozoal Agents and Their Interference in the Metabolism of Leishmania (L.) infantum. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine n. p. 2016. Journal article.
Nidazol is an antiprotozoal agent. It is believed that the mechanism of action is associated with DNA damage-sensitive microorganisms. Active against Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardnerella vaginalis
Therapy obviously depends as to the precise nature of the problem. Some neuromuscular diseases have a specific therapy for example endocrine disorders (hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus); Myasthenia gravis (Pyridostigmine and immunosuppressive therapy); and antiprotozoal agents for Toxoplasmosis and Neosporosis. For many degenerative neuropathies there is no treatment however some improve when given dietary supplements such as the mitochondrial co-factor L-Carnitine 50mg/kg twice daily and anti-oxidants such as gamma linoleic acid and omgea-3-fatty acids. Many severely tetraparetic animals will require considerable supportive care as well. For example, a pet which is unable to swallow may require feeding through a (PEG) tube into the stomach ...
The obscure antiprotozoal drug suramin has the prettiest molecular structure Ive ever seen. It also has some evidence as a potential treatment for autism based on a cell danger response model of the condition.. Im not going to get too excited here, because there are a lot of things that can cure stuff in mice. Still, one has to ask - an antiprotozoal? Really?. Protozoa are primitive little parasites kind of like bacteria. The most famous is plasmodium, which causes malaria. Theres not much reason an antiprotozoal drug should cross-react with the brain, so if it does treat autism its probably just a coincidence.. But its a pretty common one. Ive already noted how an antibiotic used to treat acne, minocycline, is a promising schizophrenia treatment. The news article on such is called Scientists Shocked To Find Antibiotics Alleviate Symptoms Of Schizophrenia, but maybe by this point they should start being less shocked.. Off the top of my head, I can think of two other antibiotics with a ...
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Laboratory : Université Paris-Sud, UMR 8076 CNRS BioCIS,Team « Chimiothérapie Antiparasitaire » (Director : Philippe LOISEAU). Supervisor : Sébastien POMEL. Keywords:. Leishmania, Chemotherapy, Mechanism of action, vesicular trafficking. Profile and skills: PhD with strong background in cellular and molecular biology. A previous experience in in vivo experimentations will be appreciated. Knowledge in parasitology is not a prerequisite.. Description of the project:. A drug candidate, and its back-up, for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis were identified from in vitro and in vivo experimentations, in collaboration with CEA Saclay. These compounds were selected to be inactive on the axenic amastigote form itself in order to prevent a risk of drug resistance, but very active on the intramacrophage form. Previous works have shown that a derivative of these compounds inhibit the retrograde transport and the formation of the parasitophorous vacuole.. The objectives of the project consist in ...
Drugs currently available for leishmaniasis treatment often show parasite resistance, highly toxic side effects and costs that are prohibitive commonly for patients from the tropical endemic countries. There is an urgent need for new drugs as a treatment solution for this neglected disease. Here the authors describe the development and implementation of an automated high-throughput viability screening assay for the discovery of new drugs against Leishmania. Assay validation was done with Leishmania promastigote forms, and included the screening of 4000 compounds with known pharmacological properties. In an attempt to find new compounds with leishmanicidal properties, 26,500 structurally diverse chemical compounds were screened. A cut-off of 70% growth inhibition in the primary screening led to the identification of 567 active compounds. Cellular toxicity and selectivity were responsible for the exclusion of 78% of the pre-selected compounds. The activity of the remaining 124 compounds was ...
Buy Actisite Online! Actisite is a broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria. It has a role as an antimicrobial agent, an antibacterial drug, an antiprotozoal drug, a protein synthesis inhibitor and an Escherichia coli metabolite.
The USPS reported that they are resolving their backlog in NYC that affected July shipments. Going forward there should not be delays. We will update notifications as we are made aware ...
Hymenidin (AG-CN2-0503), CAS 107019-95-4, is a high purity chemical. Isolated from sponge Stylissa sp. Inhibitor of CDK5/p25 and GSK3beta. Antagonist of serotonergic receptors. Moderate anticancer. Antibacterial and antiprotozoal.
Formula: C8H13N3O4SMW: 247. 28CAS: 19387-91-8MDL NUMBER: MFCD00057217IUPAC: 1-(ethylsulfonyl)-2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazolyl)ethaneSmiles: c1(ncc(n1CCS(=O)(=O)CC)[N+]([O-])=O)CTHERAPEUTIC CATEGORY: Antiprotozoal, AntibacterialACCEPTORS: 4DONORS: 0ROTATION BONDS: 4N+O: 7Chiral Centers: 0LogP: -0....
Buy Anazol Online! Flagyl is an oral antiprotozoal and antibacterial. It is thought to work by entering the bacterial cell, acting on some components of the cell, and destroying the bacteria.
Buy Metrozine Online! Flagyl is an oral antiprotozoal and antibacterial. It is thought to work by entering the bacterial cell, acting on some components of the cell, and destroying the bacteria.
Looking for online definition of Antiprotozoal Drugs in the Medical Dictionary? Antiprotozoal Drugs explanation free. What is Antiprotozoal Drugs? Meaning of Antiprotozoal Drugs medical term. What does Antiprotozoal Drugs mean?
Amoebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica is associated with high morbidity and mortality is becoming a major public health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. Because of the side-effects and the resistance that pathogenic protozoa build against the standard antiparasitic drugs, e.g., metronidazole, much recent attention has been paid to plants used in traditional medicine around the world in order to find new antiprotozoal agents. We collected 32 plants used in Northeast Mexican traditional medicine and the methanolic extracts of these species were screened for antiprotozoal activity against E. histolytica trophozoites using in vitro tests. Only 18 extracts showed a significant inhibiting activity and among them six plant extracts showed more than 80% growth inhibition against E. histolytica at a concentration of 150 µg/mL and the IC50 values of these extracts were determined. Lippia graveolens Kunth and Ruta chalepensis Pers. showed the more significant antiprotozoal activity (91
S100 calcium‑binding protein B (S100B) is highly expressed in glioma cells and promotes cancer cell survival via inhibition of the p53 protein. In melanoma cells, this S100B‑p53 interaction is known to be inhibited by pentamidine isethionate, an antiprotozoal agent. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of pentamidine on rat C6 glioma cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis in vitro. The change in C6 cell proliferation following treatment with pentamidine was determined by performing a 3‑[4,5‑dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl]‑2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide‑formazan assay. Significant dose‑dependent decreases in proliferation were observed at pentamidine concentrations of 0.05 μM (58.5±5%; P,0.05), 0.5 μM (40.6±7%; P,0.01) and 5 μM (13±4%; P,0.001) compared with the control (100% viability). Furthermore, treatment with 0.05, 0.5 and 5 μM pentamidine was associated with a significant increase in apoptosis versus the untreated cells, as determined by DNA ...
Our previous research show that chalcones display potent antileishmanial and antimalarial actions in vitro and in vivo. than that for FRD. These results suggest that FRD, among the enzymes from the parasite respiratory string, might be the precise focus on for the chalcones examined. Since FRD is available in the parasite and will not can be found in mammalian cells, maybe its an excellent focus on for antiprotozoal medications. Leishmaniasis is a significant and increasing open public health problem, especially in Africa, Asia, and Latin America (23, 37). Some 350 million folks are vulnerable to infections with spp., and a lot more than 12 million folks are contaminated with different types of the parasite. Every year, a couple of 1.5 million new cases, and 500,000 of the are visceral leishmaniasis, which s almost always fatal if still left untreated (23). Treatment of leishmaniasis is certainly unsatisfactory for the reason that the existing medications need repeated parenteral ...
Chemotherapy of leishmaniasis is principally predicated on antimonials. and 13e werent dangerous against fibroblasts, macrophages, or dendritic cells. Jointly, these results claim that the aziridine-2,3-dicarboxylates 13b and 13e are potential antileishmanial business lead substances with low toxicity against web host cells and selective antiparasitic results. Chemotherapy against leishmaniasis is situated generally on antimony substances, initially defined in 1912 by Vianna (42) in Brazil as trivalent antimonials [Sb(III)]. These substances display high toxicity and a small therapeutic window, conditions that led to the introduction of the pentavalent antimonium [Sb(V)] agencies sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) and meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime), presented around 1940 (31, 38). Pentavalent antimonium substances display a wider healing window and therefore became the medications of preference against leishmaniasis. Nevertheless, their toxicity causes critical unwanted effects that PXD101 ...
Anti-Leishmanial Activity In Vitro and In Vivo of Allicin and Allicin Cream Using Leishmania major Sub-strain Zymowme LON4 and Balb-c Mice. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
BioAssay record AID 384320 submitted by ChEMBL: Antiprotozoal activity against chloroquine and pyrimethamine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum K1.
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The state of antileishmanial chemotherapy is strongly compromised by the emergence of drug-resistant Leishmania. The evolution of drug-resistant phenotypes has been linked to the parasites intrinsic genome instability, with frequent gene and chromosome amplifications causing fitness gains that are directly selected by environmental factors, including the presence of antileishmanial drugs. Thus, even though the unique eukaryotic biology of Leishmania and its dependence on parasite-specific virulence factors provide valid opportunities for chemotherapeutical intervention, all strategies that target the parasite in a direct fashion are likely prone to select for resistance. Here, we review the current state of antileishmanial chemotherapy and discuss the limitations of ongoing drug discovery efforts. We finally propose new strategies that target Leishmania viability indirectly via mechanisms of host-parasite interaction, including parasite-released ectokinases and host epigenetic regulation, which
Veterinary medicine for treatment of protozoal myeloencephalitis (Equine EPM), bacterial infections, strangles & more. Tucoprim. Gentamicin Sulfate. Protozoal. Metronidazole. Shop in our Antibacterial & Antiprotozoal (Rx) department online made by Zoetis Animal Health. Shop, sign-up and save, or request your free catalog. Free Shipping on Antibacterial & Antiprotozoal (Rx) products for orders over $60.
A 5-year-old American girl presents with a 1-week history of intermittent chills, fever, and sweats. She had returned home 2 weeks earlier after leaving the United States for the first time to spend 3 weeks with her grandparents in Nigeria. She received all standard childhood immunizations, but no additional treatment before travel, since her parents have returned to their native Nigeria frequently without medical consequences. Three days ago, the child was seen in an outpatient clinic and diagnosed with a viral syndrome. Examination reveals a lethargic child, with a temperature of 39.8°C (103.6°F) and splenomegaly. She has no skin rash or lymphadenopathy. Initial laboratory studies are remarkable for hematocrit 29.8%, platelets 45,000/mm3, creatinine 2.5 mg/dL (220 μmol/L), and mildly elevated bilirubin and transaminases. A blood smear shows ring forms of Plasmodium falciparum at 1.5% parasitemia. What treatment should be started? ...
Background: Parasitic diseases including malaria, leishmaniasis and schistosomiasis take a terrible toll of human life, health and productivity, especially in tropical and subtropical regions, and are also highly significant in animal health worldwide. Antiparasitic drugs are the mainstays of control of most of these diseases, but in many cases current therapies are inadequate and in some the situation is deteriorating because of drug resistance. Microtubules, as essential components of almost all eukaryotic cells, are proven drug targets in many helminth diseases and show promise as targets for the development of new antiprotozoal drugs. Objective: This article reviews the chemistry of the microtubule inhibitors in current use and under investigation as antiparasitic agents, their activities against the major parasites and their mechanisms of action. New directions in both inhibitor chemistry and biological evaluation are discussed. Conclusions: The most promising immediate avenues for discovery and
This trial investigateD the tolerability and efficacy of sodium stibogluconate + interferon alpha 2b [CDDP]+ cisplatin + vinblastine [VBL] + dacarbazine [DTIC]
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein that binds to surface structures of a number of different organisms. Leishmania donovani express CRP ligand when first entering the mammalian host and CRP has been shown to alter macrophage function. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional significance of CRP-mediated uptake of L. donovani on survival of the parasite within human macrophages and macrophage cell responses to the infection. CRP opsonized L. donovani uptake was inhibitable by including excess CRP in the fluid phase, suggesting Fc receptor usage rather than indirect complement-mediated uptake. Comparing equivalent initial infection loads, parasite survival over 72 h within peripheral blood derived macrophages (PBMs) and differentiated U937 cells was unaltered by CRP. Whereas CRP increased macrophage responses to phosphorylcholine coated erythrocytes, no significant alteration in tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-10 or IL-12 production from PBMs was ...
REIMAO, JULIANA Q.... Antileishmanial Activity of the Estrogen Receptor Modulator Raloxifene. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8 n.5 p. MAY 2014. Journal article.
metronidazole500mg.biz/gel 4.8.4. Metronidazole gel is an antiprotozoal antobiotic administered to patients to treat infections caused with bacteria The medicine is available in different forms: capsules, cream, Metronidazole gel. - Download PC Soft
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Cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have regularly been recorded, mainly in southern Europe. HIV infection can increase the risk of VL development by 10-100 times in endemic areas. We describe the occurrence of this co-infection in 15 patients from Brazil. The mean age of the patients was 38 +/- 8.8 yr, with 86.6% males. The mean time between HIV diagnosis and the onset of visceral leishmaniasis was 44 +/- 39 mo. The main signs and symptoms presented at admission were splenomegaly (73%), weight loss (73%), cough (67%), fever (67%), asthenia (60%), and diarrhea (60%). The mean T CD4+ lymphocyte count was 173.7 +/- 225.6 cells/mm3, and viral load was 51,030 +/- 133,737/mm3. Treatment consisted of pentavalent antimonials (67% of cases). Most (87%) patients recovered from VL infection; death occurred in 1 patient due to septic shock. VL is an important opportunistic infection in HIV patients, which is potentially fatal, even when correct
COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 infection is a rapidly escalating global pandemic for which there is no proven effective treatment. COVID-19 is multi-dimensional disease caused by viral cytopathic effects and host-mediated immunopathology. Therapeutic approaches should logically be based on interventions that have direct anti-viral effects and favourably modulate the host immune response. Thus, an optimal drug regimen in ambulatory patients should collectively (i) target and reduce viral replication, (ii) upregulate host innate immune anti-viral responses, (iii) have favourable immunomodulatory properties, and (iv) minimise disease progression to hospitalisation thus circumventing the cytokine storm that likely underpins ARDS and multi-organ failure. Nitazoxanide (NTZ) is an antiprotozoal drug that is FDA-approved for treating Cryptosporidium and Giardia and has an excellent safety record for a variety of indications, but primarily as an anti-parasitic agent. It has proven broad anti-viral activity ...
Hexadecylphosphocholine (HePC, miltefosine) is an alkylphospholipid used clinically for the topical treatment of cancer and against leishmaniasis. The mechanism of action of HePC, not yet elucidated, involves its insertion into the plasma membrane, affecting lipid homeostasis. It has also been proposed that HePC directly affects lipid raft stability and function in cell membranes. The present work deals with two main questions in the understanding of the action of HePC: the bases for membrane selectivity and as a membrane perturbator agent. We explored the interaction of HePC with lipid monolayers and bilayer vesicles, combining monolayer penetration experiments, Brewster angle microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Several membrane compositions were tested to explore different rheological conditions, phase states and lateral structures. Additionally, the kinetics between the soluble and the membrane form of HePC was explored. Our results showed an increase in elasticity induced by ...
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A comparative study on the efficacy of combination therapy with Omeprazole and low dose systemic Meglumine Antimoniate (Glucantime) and the full dose systemic Meglumine Antimoniate in the treatment of cutaneous ...
Enteric parasitic diseases including giardiasis are of public health concern. Different methods are available for the diagnosis of this parasitic infection in fecal samples such as the identification of protozoan cysts and trophozoites by light microscopy, detection of specific antigens by ELISA, and amplification of DNA fragments by PCR. The present study aimed at assessing the performance of four laboratory tests for the detection of Giardia duodenalis in fecal specimens from three different host species with a previous diagnosis of giardiasis; canine, feline and human patients provided new stool samples to be retested for Giardia before initiating treatment with antiprotozoal drugs ...
Rolitetracycline, a derivative of tetracycline, is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Rolitetracyclin has a role as a protein synthesis inhibitor, an antiprotozoal drug and a prodrug. - Mechanism of Action & Protocol.
Ornidazole is an anti-infective, antibacterial and antiprotozoal drug. For effective relief of numerous infections, order Ornidazole today and experience better health!Ornidazole is als...
Ten Leishmania isolates (L. infantum: 6 isolates, L. donovani, L. tropica, L. major, L. aethiopica: one isolate each) have been successfully adapted to grow as axenic amastigote or amastigote-like forms. Promastigote forms were propagated in vitro (27oC, pH 7.2) in a defined liquid medium requiring no serum or serum substitutes at. Amastigotes forms were cultivated in a slightly modified medium [1] substituted with 1% of a commercially available serum fraction produced from abundantly available adult bovine serum (FC III, HyClone) which obviates the need for fetal bovine serum. Axenic amastigotes were produced from promastigotes by increasing the temperature stepwise to 36oC followed by decreasing the pH of the medium stepwise to 5.4 [2 ...
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From soil samples collected in the jungles of Ninh Binh Province of the Vietnamese Democratic Republic, 97 isolates belonging to 54 species of Fungi imperfecti were obtained and screened for the produ...
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies. ...
Javier D. Murillo is the author of this article in the Journal of Visualized Experiments: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Dorsal Skin of Hamsters: a Useful Model for the Screening of Antileishmanial Drugs
Adriana M. Restrepo is the author of this article in the Journal of Visualized Experiments: Kutan leishmaniasis i den dorsale hud af hamstere: en nyttig model til screening af Antileishmanial Drugs
Author(s): McKerrow, James H; Lipinski, Christopher A | Abstract: The rule of 5 has become a mainstay of decision-making in the pharmaceutical industry as well as in nonindustrial (academic and institutional) drug development. However the authors of the original paper never intended for double cutoffs to preclude development of new drug leads for parasitic diseases.
Publikations-Datenbank der Fraunhofer Wissenschaftler und Institute: Aufsätze, Studien, Forschungsberichte, Konferenzbeiträge, Tagungsbände, Patente und Gebrauchsmuster
Flagyl is an antiprotozoal and antibacterial drug to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacterteria and certain parasites like giardia and ameba. 200/400/mg.
Buy Deflamon Online! Deflamon is an oral antiprotozoal and antibacterial. Treating certain infections caused by bacteria or amoebas. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Buy Nizole Online! Nizole is an oral antiprotozoal and antibacterial. It is thought to work by entering the bacterial cell, acting on some components of the cell, and destroying the bacteria.
Buy Gynotran Online! Gynotran is an oral antiprotozoal and antibacterial. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. It is thought to work by entering the bacterial cell, acting on some components of the cell, and destroying the bacteria.
Murray, PJ; Kranz, M; Ladlow, M; Taylor, S; Berst, F; Holmes, AB; Keavey, KN; Jaxa-Chamiec, A; Seale, PW; Stead, P; +4 more... Upton, RJ; Croft, SL; Clegg, W; Elsegood, MRJ; (2001) The synthesis of cyclic tetrapeptoid analogues of the antiprotozoal natural product apicidin. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11 (6). pp. 773-776. ISSN 0960-894X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00049-X Full text not available from this repository ...
Microscopic examination:direct visualization of the intracellular Amastigotes (Leishman-Donovan bodies).Amastigotes( formed after the macrophage phagocytizes an infective promastigote) are seen within blood and spleen monocytes or, less commonly, in circulating neutrophils and in aspirated tissue macrophages. They are small, round bodies 2-4 μm in diameter with indistinct cytoplasm, a nucleus, and a small, rod-shaped kinetoplast ...
Impavido® (miltefosine) is an FDA-approved treatment for cutaneous, mucosal and visceral leishmaniasis in patients 12 years of age and older. PLEASE SEE FULL PRESCRIBING INFO ...
This pill with imprint 3514 15 mg SB 15 mg is Brown & Clear, Capsule-shape and has been identified as Dexedrine spansule 15 mg. It is supplied by GlaxoSmithKline.
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As a result, agents effective against one pathogen may not be effective against another. Antiprotozoal agents can be grouped by ... "Antiprotozoal Agents: An Overview". Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 8 (4): 345-366. doi:10.2174/ ... Antiprotozoal agents, Biocides, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... Antiprotozoal agents (ATC code: ATC P01) is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatment of protozoan infection. A paraphyletic ...
Antiprotozoal agents, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... Chiniofon is an antiprotozoal agent. "Chiniofon". WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology. Leake CD (December ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Arsonic acids, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... Difetarsone is an antiprotozoal agent. Various studies have shown it to be particularly effective against Trichuris trichiura, ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Acetamides, Ethers, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... Teclozan is an antiprotozoal agent. It is a dichloroacetamide. Slighter RG, Yarinsky A, Drobeck HP, Bailey DM (August 1980). " ... "Activity of quinfamide against natural infections of Entamoeba criceti in hamsters: a new potent agent for intestinal ...
Antiprotozoal agents, All stub articles, Gastrointestinal system drug stubs, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... Broxyquinoline is an antiprotozoal agent. An association with exercise intolerance has been reported. Swain R, Bapna JS ( ...
... (INN) is an antiprotozoal agent. It was synthesized for the first time in 1949 by Ernst A.H. Friedheim by ... Antiprotozoal agents, Acetanilides, Primary alcohols, Phenols, Organoarsenic dithiolates, Arsenic heterocycles, Arsenic(III) ... compounds, Sulfur heterocycles, Heterocyclic compounds with 1 ring, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Bromoarenes, Quinolinols, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... Tilbroquinol is an antiprotozoal agent effective against amoebiasis. It has also been used against Vibrio cholerae. ...
It has also been studied as an antiprotozoal agent. "Albaconazole". Adis Insight. Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Guedes PM, ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 48 (11): 4286-92. doi:10.1128/AAC.48.11.4286-4292.2004. PMC 525424. PMID 15504854. v t e ...
... including antiprotozoal and antihelminthic) agents. Depending on the severity and the type of infection, the antibiotic may be ... First, the catalog of infectious agents has grown to the point that virtually all of the significant infectious agents of the ... Second, an infectious agent must grow within the human body to cause disease; essentially it must amplify its own nucleic acids ... Not all infectious agents cause disease in all hosts. For example, less than 5% of individuals infected with polio develop ...
MeSH list of agents 82003049 v t e (Antiprotozoal agents, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... A coccidiostat is an antiprotozoal agent that acts upon Coccidia parasites. Examples include: Amprolium Arprinocid Artemether ...
MeSH list of agents 82000994 v t e (Antiprotozoal agents, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... An antitrichomonal agent is an antiprotozoal agent that acts on trichomonas parasites. Examples include: furazolidone nifuratel ... nimorazole ornidazole tinidazole usnic acid Antitrichomonal+Agents at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject ...
A trypanocidal agent is an antiprotozoal agent that acts upon trypanosome parasites. Examples include: Aminoquinuride ... Antiprotozoal agents, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... Trypanosomiasis vaccine Trypanocidal+Agents at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) MeSH list of ... agents 82014344 GOBLE, F. C. (January 1950). "Chemotherapy of experimental trypanosomiasis; trypanocidal activity of certain ...
... (maduramycin) is an antiprotozoal agent used in veterinary medicine to prevent coccidiosis. It is a natural ... Antiprotozoal agents, Carboxylic acids, Secondary alcohols, Spiro compounds, Tertiary alcohols, Tetrahydrofurans, ... Tetrahydropyrans, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Phenanthrolines, Quinones, Bipyridines, Enones, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... It has been investigated as both antiprotozoal agent and for its bactericidal activity . Mett H, Gyr K, Zak O, Vosbeck K (July ... Agents Chemother. 26 (1): 35-8. doi:10.1128/aac.26.1.35. PMC 179912. PMID 6236746. v t e (Articles with changed CASNo ...
It is a local antiprotozoal and antifungal agent that may also be given orally. Nifuratel is not approved for use in the United ...
v t e (Antiprotozoal agents, Antimony(V) compounds, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ...
The main uses of mepacrine are as an antiprotozoal, antirheumatic, and an intrapleural sclerosing agent. Antiprotozoal use ... Antiprotozoal agents, Antimalarial agents, Sterilization (medicine), Experimental methods of birth control, Acridines, ... This antiprotozoal is also approved for the treatment of giardiasis (an intestinal parasite), and has been researched as an ... Agents Chemother. 55 (5): 1827-1830. doi:10.1128/aac.01296-10. PMC 3088196. PMID 21383088. Canete R, Escobedo AA, Gonzalez ME, ...
However, antiprotozoal agents, such as ronidazole or metronidazole, are known to dramatically reduce symptoms in cats. Research ... "New species of parasite discovered as disease agent in domestic cats » College of Veterinary Medicine » University of Florida ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Acetamides, Diphenyl ethers, Primary alcohols, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... Clefamide (trade name Mebinol) is an antiprotozoal agent that was used to treat amoebiasis in the 1960s. There is no evidence ...
... (also known as albendazolum) is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic and antiprotozoal agent of the benzimidazole type. It ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 57 (11): 5448-56. doi:10.1128/AAC.00843-13. PMC 3811268. PMID 23959307. Archived from ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Organoarsenic compounds, Bismuth compounds, Acetanilides, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... Glycobiarsol (trade name Milibis) is an antiprotozoal agent that has been used in humans as well as in dogs. Berberian, D. A. ( ...
Various forms of isolation exist, and are applied depending on the type of infection and agent involved, and its route of ... antivirals and antiprotozoals. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set up an Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) unit in ... According to the WHO, outbreak investigations are meant to detect what is causing the outbreak, how the pathogenic agent is ... Antimicrobial medications (aka antimicrobials or anti-infective agents) include antibiotics, antibacterials, antifungals, ...
... however its use as an antiprotozoal agent has widely restricted because of neurotoxic concerns. Clioquinol and PBT2 are ... It also serves as an anti-fouling agent in paints to cover and protect surfaces against mildew and algae. Clioquinol and PBT2 ... It is also used as a food additive, shelf-life extending agent in food packaging, and wood preservative in timber treatment. ... "Chapter 76:Antifungal Agents". Medical microbiology (4th ed.). Galveston, Tex.: University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston ...
Imidazoles devoid of the nitro group no longer have any antiprotozoal activity, however, such drugs are effective antifungal ... agents. Alkylation of imidazole (2) with bromoketone (1) prepared from o,p-dichloroacetophenone affords the displacement ... Sunderland MR, Cruickshank RH, Leighs SJ (2014). "The efficacy of antifungal azole and antiprotozoal compounds in protection of ...
Saponins are also natural ruminal antiprotozoal agents that are potential to improve ruminal microbial fermentation reducing ... other agents are now preferred[citation needed]) and arrhythmia. These sweet glycosides found in the stevia plant Stevia ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Ureas, Imidazolines, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... Imidocarb is a urea derivative used in veterinary medicine as an antiprotozoal agent for the treatment of infection with ...
MedlinePlus Drug Information: Tinidazole Drug Bank Facts on Tinidazole (ECHA InfoCard ID from Wikidata, Antiprotozoal agents, ...
Originally developed and commercialized as an antiprotozoal agent, nitazoxanide was later identified as a first-in-class broad- ... These agents act on penetration and uncoating. Pleconaril works against rhinoviruses, which cause the common cold, by blocking ... Potentially, one of the benefits from the use of an effective entry-blocking or entry-inhibiting agent is that it potentially ... Rossignol JF (2014). "Nitazoxanide: a first-in-class broad-spectrum antiviral agent". Antiviral Res. 110: 94-103. doi:10.1016/j ...
Originally developed and commercialized as an antiprotozoal agent, nitazoxanide was later identified as a first-in-class broad- ... The anti-protozoal activity of nitazoxanide is believed to be due to interference with the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase ( ... Agents Chemother. 46 (7): 2116-23. doi:10.1128/aac.46.7.2116-2123.2002. PMC 127316. PMID 12069963. Nitazoxanide (NTZ) is a ... Rossignol JF (October 2014). "Nitazoxanide: a first-in-class broad-spectrum antiviral agent". Antiviral Res. 110: 94-103. doi: ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Trifluoromethyl compounds, Organoboron compounds, Fluoroarenes, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent ... Acoziborole (SCYX-7158) is an antiprotozoal drug invented by Anacor Pharmaceuticals in 2009, and now under development by the ...
Its fruit is rich in an antimicrobial agent-2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid. The family Salicaceae includes well-known species such ... George Shibumon, Benny PJ, Kuriakose Sunny, George Cincy, Gopalakrishnan Sarala (2011) "Antiprotozoal activity of 2, 3- ... Benny PJ, George Shibumon, Kuriakose Sunny, George Cincy (2010) "2, 3-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid: An Effective Antifungal Agent ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Antiseptics, Chloroarenes, Quinolinols, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs, Genito-urinary ... Chlorquinaldol is an antimicrobial agent and antiseptic. It is a chlorinated derivative of the popular chelating agent 8- ... Agents Chemother. 26 (1): 35-8. doi:10.1128/aac.26.1.35. PMC 179912. PMID 6236746. Kutscher, Bernhard (2020). "Dermatologicals ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Amidines, DNA-binding substances, NMDA receptor antagonists, Phenol ethers, World Health Organization ...
... Antiprotozoals is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System for ... QP51AX23 Fumagillin QP51AX24 Domperidone QP51AX25 Miltefosine QP51AX26 Clopidol QP51AX30 Combinations of other protozoal agents ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Ureas, Anilines, Nitrobenzenes, Pyrimidones). ... Reproduction responses of broiler-breeders to anticoccidial agents. Poultry Science. 69: 27-36 Polin, D, WH Ott, and OH ... Biological studies on nicarbazin, a new anticoccidial agent. Poultry Science 35: 1355-1367. World Health Organization (WHO), ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Nitrofurans, Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, 2-Oxazolidinones, Hydrazones). ... Furazolidone is a nitrofuran antibacterial agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). It is marketed by Roberts Laboratories ...
The species was also identified as the causative agent of outbreaks of scuticociliatosis that occurred between summer 1999 and ... Iglesias, R.; Paramá, A.; Álvarez, MF; Leiro, J.; Sanmartín, ML (2002). "Antiprotozoals effective in vitro against the ... Mallo, Natalia; Lamas, Jesús; Leiro, José M. (2014). "Alternative oxidase inhibitors as antiparasitic agents against ... Several compounds of well-known antiprotozoal activity, including niclosamide, oxyclozanide, bithionol sulfoxide, toltrazuril, ...
... anticestodal agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.250.075.100.750 - schistosomicides MeSH D27.505.954.122.250.100 - antiprotozoal agents ... antiviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077 - anti-retroviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077.088 - anti-hiv agents MeSH ... tocolytic agents MeSH D27.505.954.016 - anti-allergic agents MeSH D27.505.954.122 - anti-infective agents MeSH D27.505.954.122. ... tranquilizing agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.015 - anti-anxiety agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.025 - antimanic agents MeSH ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Orphan drugs, World Health Organization essential medicines, Wikipedia medicine articles ready to ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Otologicals, Semicarbazones). ...
Gonçalves AQ, Viana Jda C, Pires EM, Bóia MN, Coura JR, Silva EF (2007). "The use of the antifungal agent miconazole as an ... The reduction in the availability of antiprotozoal drugs has been noted as a complicating factor in treatment of other ... Zierdt CH, Swan JC, Hosseini J (1983). "In vitro response of Blastocystis hominis to antiprotozoal drugs". J. Protozool. 30 (2 ... Stovarsol and Narsenol, two arsenic-based antiprotozoals, were reported to be effective against the infection. Carbarsone was ...
Biocidal substances and products are also employed as anti-fouling agents or disinfectants under other circumstances: chlorine ... An antimicrobial: this includes germicides, antibiotics, antibacterials, antivirals, antifungals, antiprotozoals, and ... preservatives and colouring agents. Since these substances may act together to produce a combination effect, an assessment of ...
Sunderland, M. R.; Cruickshank, R. H.; Leighs, S. J. (2014). "The efficacy of antifungal azole and antiprotozoal compounds in ... As Tineola bisselliella is the major worldwide pest for woollen products, permethrin-based agents have been commercialised for ... "The efficacy of antifungal azole and antiprotozoal compounds in protection of wool from keratin-digesting insect larvae". ...
Antiprotozoal agents, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... Buparvaquone is a naphthoquinone antiprotozoal drug related to atovaquone. It is a promising compound for the therapy and ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Tetrahydroquinolines, Amides, 2-Furyl compounds, Phenol esters). ... New potent antiamebic agents". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 22 (5): 599-601. doi:10.1021/jm00191a031. PMID 458814. (Drugs ...
Antiprotozoal agents, Total synthesis). ... is a complex biomolecule and used as an antimicrobial agent. It ...
George Shibumon; Benny PJ; Kuriakose Sunny; George Cincy; Gopalakrishnan Sarala (2011). "Antiprotozoal activity of 2, 3- ... An Effective Antifungal Agent Isolated from Flacourtia inermis Fruit". International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical ...
... the use of antihelminthic drugs to treat worm infections Antiprotozoal chemotherapy, the use of antiprotozoal drugs to treat ... Antimicrobial chemotherapy is the clinical application of antimicrobial agents to treat infectious disease. There are five ... protozoan infections Antiviral chemotherapy, the use of antiviral drugs to treat viral infections Antimicrobial Agents and ...
Sunderland MR, Cruickshank RH, Leighs SJ (2014). "The efficacy of antifungal azole and antiprotozoal compounds in protection of ... Antiinfective agent stubs). ...
Nitazoxanide is a synthetic nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide derivative indicated as an antiprotozoal agent (FDA-approved for the ... "Cleaning agents 'make bug strong'". BBC News Online. 3 April 2006. Archived from the original on 8 November 2006. Retrieved 17 ... Several different antibiotics are used for C. difficile, with the available agents being more or less equally effective. ...
Antiprotozoal Agents. Class Summary. Antiprotozoan compounds are the drugs of choice in patients with visceral leishmaniasis. ... Antileishmaniasis Agents. Class Summary. Miltefosine is a new oral drug that is now approved in the United States to treat ... Since 2002, this agent has rapidly become the drug of choice for visceral leishmaniasis in India. A short-course regimen ... This agent is also effective against visceral leishmaniasis and is often the first-line treatment outside the United States. ...
Antiprotozoal agents. Class Summary. These agents are used to treat infections caused by the protozoan T cruzi. ... The genome sequence of Trypanosoma cruzi, etiologic agent of Chagas disease. Science. 2005 Jul 15. 309(5733):409-15. [QxMD ...
Investigation of Calcium Channel Blockers as Antiprotozoal Agents and Their Interference in the Metabolism of,i, Leishmania (L ... Investigation of Calcium Channel Blockers as Antiprotozoal Agents and Their Interference in the Metabolism of Leishmania (L.) ...
For the treatment of infections and to treat acne. It may also be used to treat urinary tract infections, gum disease, and other bacterial infections such as gonorrhea and chlamydia. Lymecycline is also used commonly as a prophylactic treatment for infection by Bacillus anthracis (anthrax). It is also effective against Yersinia pestis and malaria and is also prescribed for the treatment of Lyme disease ...
The absence of interaction with alcohol of a new antiprotozoal agent Go. 10213 Cibemone. Journal of the Association of ... The absence of interaction with alcohol of a new antiprotozoal agent Go. 10213 Cibemone. ...
Antitrichomonal Agents are agents used to treat trichomonas infections ... Antitrichomonal Agents "Antitrichomonal Agents (Antitrichomonals)" Antitrichomonal Agents. In our body, Antitrichomonal Agents ... Antitrichomonal Agents ⌊Phenomena (Phenomenon concepts). ⌊Role Phenomena (Role Concepts). ⌊Physicochemical Roles. ⌊Applications ... Anti-Infective Agents. ⌊Antiparasitic Agents. ⌊Antiprotozoal Agents. ⌊Antitrichomonal Agents. Antiprotozoal Agents ⌊. ...
Antiprotozoal agents. Class Summary. These agents are used for treatment of cryptosporidiosis. ... These agents are used for replacement of functional antibodies in IgG isotype. See Table 2 in Medication Summary. ... Both drugs block the folic acid metabolism cycle of bacteria and are much more active together than either agent alone. ... Elicits antiprotozoal activity by interfering with pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) enzyme-dependent electron transfer ...
Antiprotozoal Agents. Disclaimer: Information presented in this database is not meant as a substitute for professional judgment ...
Antiprotozoal Agents / chemistry * Antiprotozoal Agents / pharmacology * Binding Sites * Drug Design * Molecular Mimicry ...
Antineoplastic Agents. Antitrichomonal Agents. Antiprotozoal Agents. Antiparasitic Agents. Anti-Infective Agents. To Top ...
Nitazoxanide is in a class of medications called antiprotozoal agents. It works by stopping the growth of certain protozoa that ...
Antiprotozoal Agents. EN. dc.title. Rapid reinfection by Giardia lamblia after treatment in a hyperendemic area: the case ...
Method development and validation of anti-protozoal agent- Nitazoxanide by RP-HPLC and its stability related impurities ...
Categories: Antiprotozoal Agents Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
Anticarcinogenic Agents. 2. 4. Antiprotozoal Agents. 2. 4. Nitric Oxide Inhibitor. 2. 4. ... Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants, Hypoglycemic Agents, Hypolipidemic. Additional Keywords : ... Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Anticarcinogenic Agents, Antioxidants, Chemopreventive, Nrf2 activation, ... Pharmacological Actions : Antineoplastic Agents, Apoptotic. Additional Keywords : Natural Substance Synergy, Phytotherapy, ...
Psychotherapeutic and Neurological Agents - MISC : Transthyretin Amyloidosis Agents. *Transthyretin Amyloidosis Agents. *62.70. ... Antiprotozoal agents - Nitazoxanide. *16.40.00.60. Antipsychotics. *Second generation - cariprazine. *59.40.00.18. Antivirals. ...
This medication is an anti-protozoal agent, prescribed for intestinal amoebiasis. More Info ... This medication is an anti-platelet agent, that is, a drug that inhibits the ability of platelets to clump together as part of ... This medication is an antibiotic agent, prescribed for tuberculosis (TB) either alone or with other medications. More Info ... This medication is a haemostatic agent, prescribed for the management of blood loss in menorrhagia, and after surgery.. More ...
Antiprotozoal Drugs I: Antimalarial Agents 99. Antiprotozoal Drugs II: Miscellaneous Agents 100. Ectoparasiticides ... Antifungal Agents 93. Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections 94. Antiviral Agents II: Drugs for HIV Infection ... Anticancer Drugs I: Cytotoxic Agents 103. Anticancer Drugs II: Hormonal Agents, Targeted Drugs, and Other Noncytotoxic ... Agents Affecting the Volume and Ion Content of Body Fluids. UNIT VII: DRUGS THAT AFFECT THE HEART, BLOOD VESSELS, AND BLOOD 43 ...
Fields of Study , biochemistry , bioactive properties , antimicrobial properties , antiparasitic properties , antiprotozoal ...
Antiparasitic Agents. *. Antiprotozoal Agents. *. Antiviral (COVID-19). *. Drug / Therapeutic Agent. *. Human Data ...
... antiprotozoal, and antiviral agents. Although some patients have recently been treated successfully using ketoconazole, ... Acanthamoebae are resistant to killing by freezing, dessication, a variety of antimicrobial agents, and levels of chlorine that ...
... or antiprotozoal agents [14] . The quinones are known to be electron transporters (e.g. ubiquinone, vitamin K), and are ... The resistance to antifungal agents and the changes in the prevalence of species Candida albicans are related as the causes of ... The indiscriminate use of antifungal agents in the treatment of these infections has led to the development of drug resistance ... Ghannoum, M.A. and Rice, L.B. (1999) Antifungal Agents: Mode of Action, Mechanisms of Resistance, and Correlation of These ...
The study included cephalosporins, macrolides, penicillins, quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, other antibacterial agents ... antiprotozoals, and urinary anti-infectives.. Overall, 182,369 pregnancies met the inclusion criteria; of those, 8702 (4.7%) ...
9. Fung HB, Doan T-L. Tinidazole: a nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent. Clin Ther. 2005;27(12):1859-1884. doi:10.1016/j. ... Strategies for combating bacterial biofilms: a focus on anti-biofilm agents and their mechanisms of action. Virulence. 2018;9(1 ... Bioinspired carbon quantum dots: an antibiofilm agents. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2019;19(4):2339-2345. doi:10.1166/jnn.2019.16537 ... With the development of nanomedicine, nanomaterials have been developed as antibacterial agents to treat bacterial infectious ...
AMPs are also used as antiprotozoal, antifungal, antitoxic and immunostimulatory agents. The limitations in the use of peptides ...
Nitazoxanide is a synthetic nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide derivative indicated as an antiprotozoal agent (FDA-approved for the ... "Cleaning agents make bug strong". BBC News Online. 3 April 2006. Archived from the original on 8 November 2006. Retrieved 17 ... Several different antibiotics are used for C. difficile, with the available agents being more or less equally effective.[71] ...
Mepron (atovaquone) is an antiprotozoal agent indicated for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients who ...
However, it is incorrect to use the term antibiotic when referring to antiviral, antiprotozoal and antifungal agents. ... Strictly speaking, antibiotics are a subgroup of organic anti-infective agents that are derived from bacteria or moulds that ...
  • Dapsone is an antibacterial medication and Mepron is an antiprotozoal agent. (rxlist.com)
  • Flagyl 400 MG Tablet is an antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent, which is used in treating the various infections of the gastrointestinal tract, genital areas, joints, skin, and other areas of the body. (xshotpix.com)
  • Metronidazole is an antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent active against a large number of pathogenic microorganisms. (pharmacyplanet.com)
  • Mechanism of action tinidazole is an antiprotozoal, antibacterial agent. (larumbejoyeros.com)
  • Nitazoxanide is in a class of medications called antiprotozoal agents. (medlineplus.gov)
  • 11] Fox L.M., Saravolatz L.D., Nitazoxanide: A new thiazolide antiparasitic agent, Clin. (degruyter.com)
  • Alinia is made up of Nitazoxanide which is a antiprotozoal agent. (mydrugcenter.com)
  • It is slightly soluble in alcohol and has a solubility in water of 10 mg/mL at 20°C. Metronidazole is a member of the imidazole class of anti-bacterial agents and is classified as an antiprotozoal and anti-bacterial agent. (clustermed.info)
  • WARNING: POTENTIAL RISK FOR CARCINOGENICITY See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning Carcinogenicity has been seen in mice and rats treated chronically with metronidazole, another nitroimidazole agent 13.1). (drugcentral.org)
  • Carcinogenicity has been seen in mice and rats treated chronically with metronidazole, another nitroimidazole agent 13.1). (drugcentral.org)
  • As albendazole is an available and safe antiprotozoal medicine in the Islamic Republic of Iran and perhaps in other parts of the world, we conducted a clinical trial in order to assess the anti-giardial effects compared to metronidazole. (who.int)
  • The indiscriminate use of antifungal agents in the treatment of these infections has led to the development of drug resistance. (scirp.org)
  • Recent studies support investigating drugs with specific targets, suggesting a change of focus to the development of new antifungal agents capable of inhibiting virulence factors. (scirp.org)
  • We show that both contain antiprotozoal and nematicidal (i.e. worm destroying) compounds, while the latter also contains antifungal agents. (ramblinpines.com)
  • This agent is not approved for the cutaneous or mucosal forms of the disease. (medscape.com)
  • Make every effort to obtain samples for pathogen identification and use specific antimicrobial agents. (medscape.com)
  • Alternative treatment regimens with acceptable cure rates but that are not FDA approved for treating selected cases of leishmaniasis are parenteral agents pentamidine and amphotericin B deoxycholate, as well as oral agents ketoconazole, itraconazole, and fluconazole. (medscape.com)
  • Miltefosine is the sole oral agent that has been shown to be effective against leishmaniasis. (medscape.com)
  • This medication was developed first as an antineoplastic agent and later found to have considerable antiproliferative activity against leishmaniasis as well as against other trypanosome parasites. (medscape.com)
  • This medication is a potent and quick acting antimalarial agent,used for treating chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria,including cerebral malaria. (medindia.net)
  • ART and its analogs are generally regarded as low toxic agents since a lot of studies in humans have demonstrated its excellent safety and tolerability as well as shown in some animal species such as rats, dogs and chickens [ 3,4, 14,15 ]. (avensonline.org)
  • Although, there are numerous studies on PK of ART and its derivatives alone or in combination with other antimalarial agents in humans, as well as a few related studies in rats and dogs [ 3 ], there are few, if any, PK studies on ART in poultry. (avensonline.org)
  • Manufacturers are exploiting nanotechnology in the antiemetics and antinauseants market to deliver therapeutic agents to specifically targeted sites in a controlled manner through Nanomedicine and Nano delivery systems. (thebusinessresearchcompany.com)
  • Tinidazole is a synthetic antiprotozoal agent, formally known as 1-[2-(ethylsulfonyl)ethyl]-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole and a second-generation 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole. (ncats.io)
  • Tinidazole is a prodrug and antiprotozoal agent. (ncats.io)
  • The most prominent cases is not defined, and some agents (e.g., quinacrine) are effect of nitroimidazole combination was found for al- often unavailable. (cdc.gov)
  • The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. (nih.gov)
  • In our body, Antitrichomonal Agents (Antitrichomonals) are exogenous substances used to treat trichomonas infections . (wellnessadvantage.com)
  • These agents are used to treat infections caused by the protozoan T cruzi . (medscape.com)
  • METHODS: We created an agent-based model representing the Chicago population and conducted experiments to determine the effects of varying adult out-of-household activities (OOHA), school reopening, and protective behaviors across age groups on COVID-19 transmission and hospitalizations. (bvsalud.org)
  • Remdesivir is an antiviral agent that inhibits SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which is essential for viral replication. (medscape.com)
  • Cost issues prevent the use of liposomal drugs in most countries, where the mainstay of treatment is still prolonged intravenous treatment with antimonial agents, despite ever-increasing patterns of resistance and an increasing incidence of treatment failures. (medscape.com)
  • 14. Dermatological drugs, topical agents, and cosmetics (A.C. De Groot). (who.int)
  • 28. Antiprotozoal drugs (M. Schneemann). (who.int)
  • c) Singh S., Bharti N., Mohapatra P.P., Chemistry and Biology of Synthetic and Naturally Occurring Antiamoebic Agents, Chem. (degruyter.com)
  • The free nitro radical generated as a result of this reduction is believed to be responsible for the antiprotozoal activity. (ncats.io)
  • In the field of veterinary medicine, ART has attracted the attention of a great number of researchers to explore its activity against Eimeria spp.the causative agents of avian coccidiosis [ 9-11 ]. (avensonline.org)
  • abstract = "Clinically normal Nubian goats were given the antiprotozoal drug imidocarb at single intramuscular doses of 6, 12, 18 and 24 mg/kg, and the various clinical, biochemical and pathological manifestations were recorded. (elsevier.com)
  • Avermectins, new family of potent ant helmintic agent s: p roducing papilloma chinese meaning and fermentation[omucoxideh. (localuri-iasi.ro)
  • Mepron (atovaquone) is an antiprotozoal agent indicated for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients who are intolerant to trimethoprim -sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and is indicated for the acute oral treatment of mild-to-moderate PCP in patients who are intolerant to TMP-SMX. (rxlist.com)
  • It is an attractive agent in areas, such as India, that have drug resistance against traditional chemotherapy. (medscape.com)
  • Some plants have foaming agents like soluble leaf proteins, saponins, and hemicelluloses that are responsible to form a monomolecular layer around gas rumen bubbles that makes it more stable at specific pH. (farmanimalreport.com)
  • This finding indicates that N-substituted aminothiazole scaffold should be investigated for the development of highly selective anti-giardial agent. (degruyter.com)