Antioxidants
Oxidative Stress
Lipid Peroxidation
Ascorbic Acid
Free Radical Scavengers
Superoxide Dismutase
Plant Extracts
Catalase
Vitamin E
Glutathione Peroxidase
Reactive Oxygen Species
Glutathione
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
Oxidation-Reduction
Acetylcysteine
Hydrogen Peroxide
NF-E2-Related Factor 2
Oxidants
alpha-Tocopherol
Free Radicals
Glutathione Reductase
beta Carotene
Carotenoids
Lipid Peroxides
Peroxiredoxins
Antioxidant Response Elements
Butylated Hydroxyanisole
Dietary Supplements
Rutin
Thioctic Acid
Quercetin
Protein Carbonylation
Probucol
Rats, Wistar
Plant Leaves
Vitamins
Glutathione Disulfide
Gallic Acid
Tannins
Catechin
Ascorbate Peroxidases
NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)
Eugenia
Tocopherols
Ubiquinone
Heme Oxygenase-1
Coumaric Acids
Superoxides
Selenium
Anthocyanins
Peroxides
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Cells, Cultured
Protective Agents
Mitochondria
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Apoptosis
Cell Survival
Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase
Reactive Nitrogen Species
Uric Acid
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Plants, Medicinal
Hydroxybenzoates
Liver
Cytoprotection
Honey
Chlorogenic Acid
Glutathione Transferase
Proanthocyanidins
Caffeic Acids
Vitamin A
Oxidoreductases
Rhizome
Peroxiredoxin VI
Spices
Tea
F2-Isoprostanes
Metalloporphyrins
Antimutagenic Agents
DNA Damage
Curcumin
Lipoproteins, LDL
Disease Models, Animal
Organoselenium Compounds
Oils, Volatile
tert-Butylhydroperoxide
Phytochemicals
Nitric Oxide
Thioredoxins
Aging
Copper
Biological Markers
Erythrocytes
Phenylethyl Alcohol
Peroxiredoxin III
Beverages
Thiobarbiturates
Neuroprotective Agents
Asteraceae
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
Molecular Structure
Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)
Radiation-Protective Agents
Apocynaceae
Oxygen
NADPH Oxidase
Xanthine Oxidase
Aryldialkylphosphatase
Buthionine Sulfoximine
Signal Transduction
Peroxidase
RNA, Messenger
gamma-Tocopherol
Anticarcinogenic Agents
Isoprostanes
Vitamin E Deficiency
Melatonin
Vitis
Paraquat
Kaempferols
Iron
Ethanol
Burseraceae
Response Elements
Anisoles
Methanol
Seeds
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
Blotting, Western
Punicaceae
Lamiaceae
Comet Assay
Piper betle
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
Cell Death
Lutein
Bauhinia
Rosaceae
Inhibitory Concentration 50
Endothelium, Vascular
Double-blind intervention trial on modulation of ozone effects on pulmonary function by antioxidant supplements. (1/13910)
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the acute effects of ozone on lung function could be modulated by antioxidant vitamin supplementation in a placebo-controlled study. Lung function was measured in Dutch bicyclists (n = 38) before and after each training session on a number of occasions (n = 380) during the summer of 1996. The vitamin group (n = 20) received 100 mg of vitamin E and 500 mg of vitamin C daily for 15 weeks. The average ozone concentration during exercise was 77 microg/m3 (range, 14-186 microg/m3). After exclusion of subjects with insufficient compliance from the analysis, a difference in ozone exposure of 100 microg/m3 decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) 95 ml (95% confidence interval (CI) -265 to -53) in the placebo group and 1 ml (95% CI -94 to 132) in the vitamin group; for forced vital capacity, the change was -125 ml (95% CI -384 to -36) in the placebo group and -42 ml (95% CI -130 to 35) in the vitamin group. The differences in ozone effect on lung function between the groups were statistically significant. The results suggest that supplementation with the antioxidant vitamins C and E confers partial protection against the acute effects of ozone on FEV1 and forced vital capacity in cyclists. (+info)Inflammatory cell-mediated tumour progression and minisatellite mutation correlate with the decrease of antioxidative enzymes in murine fibrosarcoma cells. (2/13910)
We isolated six clones of weakly tumorigenic fibrosarcoma (QR) from the tumorigenic clone BMT-11 cl-9. The QR clones were unable to grow in normal C57BL/6 mice when injected s.c. (1x10(5) cells). However, they formed aggressive tumours upon co-implantation with a 'foreign body', i.e. a gelatin sponge, and the rate of tumour take ranged from 8% to 58% among QR clones. The enhanced tumorigenicity was due to host cell-mediated reaction to the gelatin sponge (inflammation). Immunoblot analysis and enzyme activity assay revealed a significant inverse correlation between the frequencies of tumour formation by QR clones and the levels of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, P<0.005) and glutathione peroxidase (GPchi, P<0.01) in the respective tumour clones. Electron spin resonance (ESR) revealed that superoxide-scavenging ability of cell lysates of the QR clone with high level of Mn-SOD was significantly higher than that with low level of the antioxidative enzyme in the presence of potassium cyanide, an inhibitor for copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) (P<0.001). Minisatellite mutation (MSM) induced by the inflammatory cells in tumour cells were investigated by DNA fingerprint analysis after QR clones had been co-cultured with gelatin-sponge-reactive cells. The MSM rate was significantly higher in the subclones with low levels of Mn-SOD and GPchi (P<0.05) than in the subclones with high levels of both enzymes. The MSM of the subclones with low levels of both enzymes was inhibited in the presence of mannitol, a hydroxyl radical scavenger. The content of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) by which the cellular DNA damage caused by active oxygen species can be assessed was significantly low in the tumours arising from the QR clone with high levels of Mn-SOD and GPchi even if the clone had been co-implanted with gelatin sponge, compared with the arising tumour from the QR clone with low levels of those antioxidative enzymes (P<0.001). In contrast, CuZn-SOD and catalase levels in the six QR clones did not have any correlation with tumour progression parameters. These results suggest that tumour progression is accelerated by inflammation-induced active oxygen species particularly accompanied with declined levels of intracellular antioxidative enzymes in tumour cells. (+info)Synergistic protective effects of antioxidant and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in transient focal ischemia. (3/13910)
Both nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors and free radical scavengers have been shown to protect brain tissue in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nitric oxide and superoxide anion act via distinct mechanisms and react together to form the highly deleterious peroxynitrite. Therefore the authors examined the effects and the interaction between the NOS inhibitor, NG nitro-L-arginine (LNA) and the antioxidant/superoxide scavenger, di-tert-butyl-hydroxybenzoic acid (DtBHB) in the rat submitted to 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Posttreatment was initiated 4 hours after the onset of ischemia and infarct volume was measured at 48 hours. The dose-related effect of LNA resulted in a bell-shaped curve: 15, 56, 65, and 33% reduction of total infarct for 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg (intravenously [IV]) respectively and 11% increase in infarct volume for 3 mg/kg (IV). Whereas DtBHB (20 mg/kg; intraperitoneally [IP]) was ineffective, the dose of 60 mg/kg produced 65% protection in infarct volume. The combination of a subthreshold dose of LNA (0.03 mg/kg; IV) and DtBHB (20 mg/kg; IP) resulted in significant reduction (49%) in infarct volume. These results show that LNA and DtBHB act synergistically to provide a consistent neuroprotection against ischemic injury when administered 4 hours after ischemia. This suggests that nitric oxide and free radicals are involved and interact in synergy in ischemia-reperfusion injury. (+info)Increased lipophilicity and subsequent cell partitioning decrease passive transcellular diffusion of novel, highly lipophilic antioxidants. (4/13910)
Oxidative stress is considered a cause or propagator of acute and chronic disorders of the central nervous system. Novel 2, 4-diamino-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines are potent inhibitors of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, are cytoprotective in cell culture models of oxidative injury, and are neuroprotective in brain injury and ischemia models. The selection of lead candidates from this series required that they reach target cells deep within brain tissue in efficacious amounts after oral dosing. A homologous series of 26 highly lipophilic pyrrolopyrimidines was examined using cultured cell monolayers to understand the structure-permeability relationship and to use this information to predict brain penetration and residence time. Pyrrolopyrimidines were shown to be a more permeable structural class of membrane-interactive antioxidants where transepithelial permeability was inversely related to lipophilicity or to cell partitioning. Pyrrole substitutions influence cell partitioning where bulky hydrophobic groups increased partitioning and decreased permeability and smaller hydrophobic groups and more hydrophilic groups, especially those capable of weak hydrogen bonding, decreased partitioning, and increased permeability. Transmonolayer diffusion for these membrane-interactive antioxidants was limited mostly by desorption from the receiver-side membrane into the buffer. Thus, in this case, these in vitro cell monolayer models do not adequately mimic the in vivo situation by underestimating in vivo bioavailability of highly lipophilic compounds unless acceptors, such as serum proteins, are added to the receiving buffer. (+info)Novel, highly lipophilic antioxidants readily diffuse across the blood-brain barrier and access intracellular sites. (5/13910)
In an accompanying article, an in vitro assay for permeability predicts that membrane-protective, antioxidant 2,4-diamino-pyrrolo[2, 3-d]pyrimidines should have improved blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeation over previously described lipophilic antioxidants. Using a first-pass extraction method and brain/plasma quantification, we show here that two of the pyrrolopyrimidines, one of which is markedly less permeable, readily partition into rat brain. The efficiency of extraction was dependent on serum protein binding, and in situ efflux confirms the in vitro data showing that PNU-87663 is retained in brain longer than PNU-89843. By exploiting inherent fluorescence properties of PNU-87663, its distribution within brain and within cells in culture was demonstrated using confocal scanning laser microscopy. PNU-87663 rapidly partitioned into the cell membrane and equilibrates with cytoplasmic compartments via passive diffusion. Although partitioning of PNU-87663 favors intracytoplasmic lipid storage droplets, the compound was readily exchangeable as shown by efflux of compound from cells to buffer when protein was present. The results demonstrated that pyrrolopyrimidines were well suited for quickly accessing target cells within the central nervous system as well as in other target tissues. (+info)Mechanisms and mediators in coal dust induced toxicity: a review. (6/13910)
Chronic inhalation of coal dust can cause several lung disorders, including simple coal workers pneumoconiosis (CWP), progressive massive fibrosis (PMF), chronic bronchitis, lung function loss, and emphysema. This review focuses on the cellular actions and interactions of key inflammatory cells and target cells in coal dust toxicity and related lung disorders, i.e. macrophages and neutrophils, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. Factors released from or affecting these cells are outlined in separate sections, i.e. (1) reactive oxygen species (ROS) and related antioxidant protection mechanisms, and (2) cytokines, growth factors and related proteins. Furthermore, (3) components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), including the modifying role of ROS, cytokines, proteases and antiproteases are discussed in relation to tissue damage and remodelling in the respiratory tract. It is recognised that inhaled coal dust particles are important non-cellular and cellular sources of ROS in the lung, and may be significantly involved in the damage of lung target cells as well as important macromolecules including alpha-1-antitrypsin and DNA. In vitro and in vivo studies with coal dusts showed the up-regulation of important leukocyte recruiting factors, e.g. Leukotriene-B4 (LTB4), Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 (MCP-1), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF alpha), as well as the neutrophil adhesion factor Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Coal dust particles are also known to stimulate the (macrophage) production of various factors with potential capacity to modulate lung cells and/or extracellular matrix, including O2-., H2O2, and NO, fibroblast chemoattractants (e.g. Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF beta), PDGF, and fibronectin) and a number of factors that have been shown to stimulate and/or inhibit fibroblast growth or collagen production such as (TNF alpha, TGF beta, PDGF, Insulin Like Growth Factor, and Prostaglandin-E2). Further studies are needed to clarify the in vivo kinetics and relative impact of these factors. (+info)Effects of pyrogallol, hydroquinone and duroquinone on responses to nitrergic nerve stimulation and NO in the rat anococcygeus muscle. (7/13910)
1. The hypothesis that endogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects the nitrergic transmitter from inactivation by superoxide and that this explains the lack of sensitivity of the transmitter to superoxide generators was tested in the rat isolated anococcygeus muscle. 2. Responses to nitrergic nerve stimulation or to NO were not significantly affected by exogenous SOD or by the Cu/Zn SOD inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamic acid (DETCA). 3. Hydroquinone produced a concentration-dependent reduction of responses to NO with an IC50 of 27 microM, and higher concentrations reduced relaxant responses to nitrergic nerve stimulation with an IC50 of 612 microM. The effects of hydroquinone were only slightly reversed by SOD, so it does not appear to be acting as a superoxide generator. 4. Pyrogallol produced a concentration-dependent reduction in responses to NO with an IC50 value of 39 microM and this effect was reversed by SOD (100-1000 u ml(-1)). Pyrogallol did not affect responses to nitrergic nerve stimulation. Treatment with DETCA did not alter the differentiating action of pyrogallol. 5. Duroquinone produced a concentration-dependent reduction of relaxations to NO with an IC50 value of 240 microM and 100 microM slightly decreased nitrergic relaxations. After treatment with DETCA, duroquinone produced greater reductions of relaxant responses to NO and to nitrergic stimulation, the IC50 values being 8.5 microM for NO and 40 microM for nitrergic nerve stimulation: these reductions were reversed by SOD. 6. The findings do not support the hypothesis that the presence of Cu/Zn SOD explains the greater susceptibility of NO than the nitrergic transmitter to the superoxide generator pyrogallol, but suggest that it may play a role in the effects of duroquinone. (+info)UV-A-induced decrease in nuclear factor-kappaB activity in human keratinocytes. (8/13910)
Previous reports have demonstrated an increase in nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activity in response to UV radiation. These studies have essentially focused on the DNA-damaging fraction of solar UV radiation (UV-B and UV-C). In contrast, the effects of UV-A radiation (320-400 nm) on NF-kappaB are not well known. In this study, we present evidence that UV-A radiation induces a marked decrease in NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity in NCTC 2544 human keratinocytes. In addition, NCTC 2544 keratinocytes pretreated with UV-A fail to respond to NF-kappaB inducers. Moreover, UV-A radiation induces a decrease in NF-kappaB-driven luciferase reporter gene expression in NCTC 2544 keratinocytes. The expression of the gene encoding IkappaBalpha (IkappaB is the NF-kappaB inhibitor), which is closely associated with NF-kappaB activity, is also reduced (3-fold) upon UV-A treatment. Our results indicate that the UV-A-induced decrease in NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity is associated with a decrease in the levels of the p50 and p65 protein subunits. This is the first evidence that an oxidative stress, such as UV-A radiation, may induce a specific decrease in NF-kappaB activity in mammalian cells, probably through degradation of NF-kappaB protein subunits. These findings suggest that UV-A could modulate the NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression. (+info)1) They share similarities with humans: Many animal species share similar biological and physiological characteristics with humans, making them useful for studying human diseases. For example, mice and rats are often used to study diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer because they have similar metabolic and cardiovascular systems to humans.
2) They can be genetically manipulated: Animal disease models can be genetically engineered to develop specific diseases or to model human genetic disorders. This allows researchers to study the progression of the disease and test potential treatments in a controlled environment.
3) They can be used to test drugs and therapies: Before new drugs or therapies are tested in humans, they are often first tested in animal models of disease. This allows researchers to assess the safety and efficacy of the treatment before moving on to human clinical trials.
4) They can provide insights into disease mechanisms: Studying disease models in animals can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of a particular disease. This information can then be used to develop new treatments or improve existing ones.
5) Reduces the need for human testing: Using animal disease models reduces the need for human testing, which can be time-consuming, expensive, and ethically challenging. However, it is important to note that animal models are not perfect substitutes for human subjects, and results obtained from animal studies may not always translate to humans.
6) They can be used to study infectious diseases: Animal disease models can be used to study infectious diseases such as HIV, TB, and malaria. These models allow researchers to understand how the disease is transmitted, how it progresses, and how it responds to treatment.
7) They can be used to study complex diseases: Animal disease models can be used to study complex diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. These models allow researchers to understand the underlying mechanisms of the disease and test potential treatments.
8) They are cost-effective: Animal disease models are often less expensive than human clinical trials, making them a cost-effective way to conduct research.
9) They can be used to study drug delivery: Animal disease models can be used to study drug delivery and pharmacokinetics, which is important for developing new drugs and drug delivery systems.
10) They can be used to study aging: Animal disease models can be used to study the aging process and age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. This allows researchers to understand how aging contributes to disease and develop potential treatments.
Causes and risk factors:
1. Poor diet: A diet that is lacking in vitamin E can lead to a deficiency. Foods that are low in vitamin E include processed foods, sugary drinks, and refined carbohydrates.
2. Malabsorption: Certain medical conditions, such as celiac disease, can lead to malabsorption of nutrients, including vitamin E.
3. Pregnancy and lactation: Pregnant and breastfeeding women have a higher requirement for vitamin E, and a deficiency can occur if they do not consume enough.
4. Chronic diseases: Certain chronic diseases, such as Crohn's disease, can increase the risk of vitamin E deficiency.
5. Genetic disorders: Some genetic disorders, such as abetalipoproteinemia, can lead to a deficiency in vitamin E.
Symptoms:
1. Fatigue and weakness
2. Muscle weakness
3. Loss of appetite
4. Nerve damage
5. Poor wound healing
6. Increased risk of infections
7. Decreased immune function
8. Anemia
9. Skin problems, such as acne and dermatitis
10. Eye problems, such as cataracts and retinal degeneration.
Diagnosis:
Vitamin E deficiency is diagnosed based on a combination of clinical symptoms, medical history, and laboratory tests, including:
1. Blood tests: Measurement of serum vitamin E levels can help determine if there is a deficiency.
2. Dietary assessment: A dietitian or nutritionist may evaluate the patient's diet to identify any potential sources of vitamin E deficiency.
3. Physical examination: A healthcare provider may perform a physical examination to look for signs of vitamin E deficiency, such as skin problems or muscle weakness.
Treatment and Prevention:
1. Dietary changes: Increasing the intake of foods rich in vitamin E, such as nuts, seeds, and vegetable oils, can help prevent and treat vitamin E deficiency.
2. Supplementation: Vitamin E supplements can be used to treat and prevent vitamin E deficiency. The recommended daily intake of vitamin E varies by age and sex, but generally ranges from 5-15 mg/day.
3. Addressing underlying causes: If the deficiency is caused by an underlying medical condition, such as Crohn's disease or abetalipoproteinemia, treating the condition can help resolve the deficiency.
4. Supportive care: Patients with severe vitamin E deficiency may require supportive care, such as intravenous nutrition or respiratory support, to manage their symptoms.
Prognosis and Complications:
The prognosis for vitamin E deficiency is generally good if the underlying cause is identified and treated promptly. However, untreated severe vitamin E deficiency can lead to complications such as:
1. Skin problems: Vitamin E deficiency can cause skin problems, such as acne, dermatitis, and wound healing difficulties.
2. Muscle weakness: Vitamin E is important for muscle function, and deficiency can lead to muscle weakness and wasting.
3. Neurological problems: Vitamin E deficiency can cause neurological problems, such as peripheral neuropathy and seizures.
4. Increased risk of infections: Vitamin E is important for immune function, and deficiency can increase the risk of infections.
5. Reproductive problems: Vitamin E deficiency can cause reproductive problems, such as infertility and miscarriage.
Types of Experimental Diabetes Mellitus include:
1. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes: This type of EDM is caused by administration of streptozotocin, a chemical that damages the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, leading to high blood sugar levels.
2. Alloxan-induced diabetes: This type of EDM is caused by administration of alloxan, a chemical that also damages the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
3. Pancreatectomy-induced diabetes: In this type of EDM, the pancreas is surgically removed or damaged, leading to loss of insulin production and high blood sugar levels.
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus has several applications in research, including:
1. Testing new drugs and therapies for diabetes treatment: EDM allows researchers to evaluate the effectiveness of new treatments on blood sugar control and other physiological processes.
2. Studying the pathophysiology of diabetes: By inducing EDM in animals, researchers can study the progression of diabetes and its effects on various organs and tissues.
3. Investigating the role of genetics in diabetes: Researchers can use EDM to study the effects of genetic mutations on diabetes development and progression.
4. Evaluating the efficacy of new diagnostic techniques: EDM allows researchers to test new methods for diagnosing diabetes and monitoring blood sugar levels.
5. Investigating the complications of diabetes: By inducing EDM in animals, researchers can study the development of complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease.
In conclusion, Experimental Diabetes Mellitus is a valuable tool for researchers studying diabetes and its complications. The technique allows for precise control over blood sugar levels and has numerous applications in testing new treatments, studying the pathophysiology of diabetes, investigating the role of genetics, evaluating new diagnostic techniques, and investigating complications.
Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
Antioxidant
List of antioxidants in food
Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity
Antioxidant effect of polyphenols and natural phenols
Squalene
Memory improvement
Sterubin
Liz Earle
Rancidification
Mitoquinone mesylate
Juniperus communis
Claus Jacob
CTNS (gene)
Reproductive toxicity
Animal models of Parkinson's disease
Hemozoin
Ageing
Flavonoid
Hydrogen peroxide
Papaver heterophyllum
Acalyptris limoniastri
Vitamin E
Padrón peppers
Odontarrhena
Chlorella sorokiniana
Respiratory burst
Morus alba
Hydrogen sulfide
Cytochrome P450
Antioxidant Supplements: What You Need To Know
Antioxidants
Antioxidants for chronic kidney disease
Oxidative Stress: Antioxidants, Lifestyle-Related Disease, and More
Medical Definition of Antioxidant
Determining Antioxidant Activity - IFT.org
antioxidants
Are We Killing Ourselves With Antioxidants?
World goes crazy about antioxidants - cure for all ills
Antioxidants 1999
Antioxidants: MedlinePlus
Antioxidants | The Nutrition Source | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
High Levels of Antioxidants Linked to Lower Risk of Dementia
What Do Antioxidants Actually Do? | Mark's Daily Apple
Is Your Massage Cream a Source of Antioxidants?
L-Glutathione, The Wonder Antioxidant
Safety of Antioxidants During GYN Cancer Care - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
SkinCeuticals Antioxidant Lip Repair (0.34 fl. oz.)
- Dermstore
Antioxidant Supplements & Reviews. Fight Free Radicals!
New method shows mushrooms A top source for one antioxidant | Penn State University
Antioxidants & Immune & Cognitive Support | On Sale | EntirelyPets
Downside of Antioxidants? | Andrew Weil, M.D.
What Foods are Very High in Antioxidants?
Tocopherol Antioxidant Skincare Benefits - Protectant - L'Oréal Paris
Antioxidants in Senior Pet Foods
485h) Reaction-Diffusion Model Describing Antioxidant Depletion in Polyethylene-Clay Nanocomposites | AIChE
Redox Homeostasis and Cellular Antioxidant Systems: Crucial Players in Cancer Growth and Therapy
Boosting Your ANTIOXIDANTS To Arm Against Free Radical Mafia
Fight Heart Disease With Vitamins and Antioxidants : Bodhi Tree
Rich in antioxidants5
- Because people who eat foods rich in antioxidants have lower rates of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other health problems, some experts advise taking daily supplements of these nutrients. (dietpower.com)
- Frozen berries, green tea, and other foods labeled as being rich in antioxidants began popping up in stores. (harvard.edu)
- Experts suggest eating foods rich in antioxidants, including dark, leafy greens and orange fruits. (healthline.com)
- But a diet rich in antioxidants is an effective method of containment. (healinglifestyles.com)
- By protecting our bodies from oxidation damage done to our cells by free radicals foods rich in antioxidants help to safeguard our bodies from the ravages of aging and disease. (healinglifestyles.com)
Supplements13
- High-dose supplements of antioxidants may be linked to health risks in some cases. (wellness.com)
- Antioxidant supplements may also interact with some medicines. (wellness.com)
- While the FNB urged people to get more antioxidants in their diet, it said there was no proof that taking supplements is a good way to accomplish this. (dietpower.com)
- Summary: The mitochondrial free radical theory of aging says that if we consume antioxidant supplements, we can repair the damage caused by free radicals. (lifeboat.com)
- However, this recommendation is contradicted by a large body of evidence which shows that antioxidant supplements are often harmful. (lifeboat.com)
- A growing body of evidence shows that if you take antioxidant supplements, and you are otherwise healthy, then you are wasting your money, and damaging your liver and nervous system. (lifeboat.com)
- Supplements with a high content of antioxidants are thought to be beneficial for senior citizens. (pravda.ru)
- Most research teams reported that vitamin E and other antioxidant supplements didn't protect against heart disease or cancer. (harvard.edu)
- The purpose of this study is to try and understand if it is safe efficacious to add antioxidant nutritional supplements to traditional chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy during the treatment of cancer. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Antioxidant Supplements & Reviews. (muscleandstrength.com)
- You do have to be careful when choosing antioxidant supplements. (drweil.com)
- This is less of a concern with vitamin E , which is fat soluble and acts mainly to protect the fatty layers of cell membranes from free-radical chain reactions, but where a compound has its effects can be a concern for many of the antioxidants taken as supplements. (drweil.com)
- You can buy antioxidants as supplements and also consume them is as whole foods. (labmeeting.com)
Reduced antioxidant levels2
- Oxidative stress can cause chronic heart failure because of the reduced antioxidant levels. (webmd.com)
- Poor nutrition, excessive exposure to toxins, and immune dysfunction can all contribute to reduced antioxidant levels and a higher prevalence of free radicals. (holtorfmed.com)
Oxidation5
- This method, also similar to ORAC, is based on the degree of inhibition of dichloro-fluorescin oxidation by antioxidants that scavenge peroxyl radicals generated from thermal degradation of 2,2'-azobis(amidinopropane). (ift.org)
- Since oxidation is thought to play a role in aging, antioxidants are widely believed to promote longevity. (dietpower.com)
- Keeping in mind that the cream on your face is regularly exposed to the environment, the antioxidant should be strong enough to prevent oxidation of the cream in the first place. (pravda.ru)
- As the word implies, antioxidants prevent the oxidation of cells. (massagemag.com)
- Antioxidants inhibit oxidation or damage to cells in the body (hence anti-oxidant). (holtorfmed.com)
Flavonoids7
- ‌ Naturally occurring antioxidants are found in vitamins C and E, carotenoids, flavonoids, and tannins. (webmd.com)
- Exogenous antioxidants are derived from the diet: vitamin C, selenium, flavonoids etc. (pravda.ru)
- Antioxidant vitamins can be broken down into flavonoids and carotenoids. (marksdailyapple.com)
- This nutritious super-food is packed with antioxidants such as Beta-carotene and flavonoids, both of which are known fighters against the development of illness. (labmeeting.com)
- One of the main reasons it has gained this reputation is thanks to the flavonoids and a lesser known group of antioxidants known as catechins. (labmeeting.com)
- Herbal ingredients such as ginger root, turmeric, and chamomile contain flavonoids and other natural antioxidants which can benefit senior pets primarily through anti-inflammatory properties. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
- Everyone is familiar with the most prominent members of the vitamin world marquee players like vitamins C and E. But these days, it's the exotic-sounding antioxidants that are grabbing the headlines: lycopene, lutein, flavonoids, and resveratrol. (healinglifestyles.com)
Glutathione9
- Endogenous antioxidants are produced by the body e.g. female sex hormones, coenzyme Q, ferments of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione etc. (pravda.ru)
- The antioxidant enzymes are superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). (marksdailyapple.com)
- It turns out that L-Glutathione is one of the most effective antioxidants that our body produces. (streetdirectory.com)
- L-Glutathione is an antioxidant that our body produces from three basic amino acids that are found in our food. (streetdirectory.com)
- L-Glutathione and other antioxidants attack the free radicals and destroy them before they have a chance to attack the cells. (streetdirectory.com)
- Secondary Hypothesis: To assess efficacy by tumor response rates in patients with gynecologic malignancies treated with antioxidants to include intravenous and oral ascorbic acid, intravenous glutathione, oral mixed carotenoids, mixed tocopherols, and vitamin A. Secondary endpoints will be time to progression and survival. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- In contrast, the journal also stated that elevated glutathione levels helped improve overall antioxidant levels as well as the body's resistance to oxidative stress. (holtorfmed.com)
- Although glutathione is naturally produced in the body, the levels of this antioxidant in the body are often reduced due to numerous factors such as poor nutrition, environmental toxins, stress, and age. (holtorfmed.com)
- Increase your intake of vitamin C. Vitamin C is another antioxidant that not only protects cells from oxidative damage but also helps maintain the body's supply of other antioxidants, including glutathione. (holtorfmed.com)
Lipid3
- The aim of this research was to study the regulatory functions of the active components of TCM and to elucidate the effects of different TCM decoctions on antioxidant activity and lipid peroxide content, using in vitro and in vivo models of heat stress. (nih.gov)
- IMSEAR at SEARO: Lipid antioxidants & hemolysis. (who.int)
- Lipid antioxidants & hemolysis. (who.int)
Whole grains1
- Ingredients such as oats and barley provide antioxidants in the form of whole grains while other plants such as yucca also contribute valuable antioxidants. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
Vitamins3
- antioxidant enzymes , and antioxidant nutrients , which include vitamins, minerals and the various -noids detailed below. (marksdailyapple.com)
- It is known that people with cancer are using antioxidant vitamins at high rates. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Antioxidants are vitamins and other nutrients that help to decrease inflammation in the body by stopping free radicals or oxidants. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Molecules3
- Antioxidants are molecules that capture free radicals, or harmful oxygen atoms, that occur in response to normal body processes and environmental conditions. (marksdailyapple.com)
- Oxidative stress at the most basic level is an imbalance between free radicals, or molecules with unpaired electrons, and antioxidants. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
- Several studies have shown that cancer cells display an adaptive response to oxidative stress by increasing expression of antioxidant enzymes and molecules. (hindawi.com)
Important antioxidants1
- It also, for the first time, set safe upper limits on the three most important antioxidants. (dietpower.com)
Vitamin6
- The coolest fact about flavonoid antioxidants: they offer a double-punch because they improve vitamin C's antioxidant capabilities. (marksdailyapple.com)
- Most of the antioxidant-related skin care research is focused on Retin-A, which is a form of vitamin A. While some massage creams may contain vitamin A, they are not formulated in the same way Retin-A skin products are. (massagemag.com)
- It uses two powerful antioxidants, silymarin and vitamin E, to shield the delicate lip area from the ravages of sun, smoke and air damage. (dermstore.com)
- In addition to its antioxidant properties, vitamin E helps to nourish dry skin. (dermstore.com)
- Vitamin C can function as a pro-oxidant as well as an antioxidant. (drweil.com)
- Vitamin K is another antioxidant that Kale provides and although this vegetable might be a trifle unusual, it isn't too hard to get hold of. (labmeeting.com)
Role of antioxidants2
- This huge role of antioxidants can be a factor in preventing or reducing the effects of heart disease, cancer, and other lifestyle diseases . (webmd.com)
- Often used as a marketing buzzword, learn about the role of antioxidants beyond the hype, and some of the research on health and disease prevention. (harvard.edu)
Reactive oxygen1
- ‌ When there is an imbalance of reactive oxygen species, also known as free radicals, and antioxidant defenses , your body experiences oxidative stress. (webmd.com)
Electrons1
- Antioxidants help combat free radicals by donating electrons and then safely decomposing. (holtorfmed.com)
Fruits and vegetables6
- Antioxidants are found in many foods, including fruits and vegetables. (wellness.com)
- Some studies showed that people with low intakes of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables were at greater risk for developing these chronic conditions than were people who ate plenty of those foods. (harvard.edu)
- These specific antioxidants are a type known as carotenoids, which give fruits and vegetables their yellow, orange, and red color. (healthline.com)
- The antioxidants in a massage cream cannot replace the need for a healthy, well-rounded diet that contains plenty of fruits and vegetables. (massagemag.com)
- Other micronutrients that act as antioxidants are the mineral selenium and the carotenoid pigments in fruits and vegetables. (drweil.com)
- But there's no need to limit the amount of fruits and vegetables you consume, or be concerned about getting too many antioxidants from them. (drweil.com)
Leafy greens2
- Dark, leafy greens and veggies high in antioxidants, as mentioned before, should be a staple in your small mammal's diet and can also be added to homemade treats and enrichment items. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
- One area of focus that can be beneficial to older pets is dietary antioxidants which can come via key ingredients in fortified foods, dark leafy greens and veggies, or even herbal additions you can make to your pet's hay. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
Substances7
- Antioxidants are man-made or natural substances that may prevent or delay some types of cell damage . (wellness.com)
- Antioxidants are nutrients that prevent oxygen from combining with other substances and damaging cells. (dietpower.com)
- There are hundreds, probably thousands, of different substances that can act as antioxidants. (harvard.edu)
- But using the term "antioxidant" to refer to substances is misleading. (harvard.edu)
- Some substances that act as antioxidants in one situation may be pro-oxidants-electron grabbers-in a different situation. (harvard.edu)
- According to Medline Plus , a service of the National Library of Medicine, "Antioxidants are man-made or natural substances that may prevent or delay some types of cell damage. (massagemag.com)
- Antioxidants are substances that are said to offer protection for your cells against the effects of free radicals. (labmeeting.com)
Nutrients1
- In contrast, the current study measured antioxidant levels in the blood sample, which provides a more accurate picture of these nutrients - at least for that moment in time. (healthline.com)
Inflammation2
- That's because when antioxidant levels are low and inflammation levels are high, especially within blood vessels, atheromatous plaque starts to form. (webmd.com)
- Antioxidants serve as a powerful first line of defense against damage to your cells from aging, stress, and inflammation. (marksdailyapple.com)
Oxygen1
- Foods' antioxidant quality is measured as an ORAC value , which stands for Oxygen Radical Absobance Capacity. (marksdailyapple.com)
Diet14
- Without the healing properties of antioxidants, factors such as hyperglycemia, obesity, smoking, an unbalanced diet, and stress can increase your CVD risk. (webmd.com)
- Food and beverage companies are touting the presence of antioxidants in their products in response to consumer interest in the potential health benefits of antioxidants in the diet. (ift.org)
- No doubt about it, you will not get enough antioxidants if you are a patron of a fast-food restaurant or stick to a high-protein diet. (pravda.ru)
- In addition to the antioxidant levels in the blood, Beydoun and her colleagues also looked at participants' diet quality, which was based on their recall of what they ate over a 24-hour period. (healthline.com)
- The research regarding good nutrition is clear: the National Cancer Institute , the Harvard School of Public Health and the Mayo Clinic , all suggest that adding antioxidants through a well-rounded diet is a good idea. (massagemag.com)
- In addition to diet, however, antioxidants are also listed as an ingredient in several massage creams. (massagemag.com)
- If you want to get antioxidants into your diet, fruit and veg are the best sources - but which of these have the highest concentration of anti-oxidants? (labmeeting.com)
- Whether or not you're fond of spinach, it's well worth including in your diet since it's one of the top antioxidant foods you can get. (labmeeting.com)
- Fresh greens and veggies provide a fantastic source of antioxidants and should remain a key dietary staple in a senior animal's diet. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
- When looking at senior specific fortified foods, antioxidants can also provide benefit to the daily diet. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
- With that in mind, there are always ways to add antioxidants to each component of your little one's diet. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
- It is important, however, to remember these antioxidant ingredients should be fed in appropriate amounts and added gradually to the diet. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
- An antioxidant-rich diet nourishes you not only physically but also psychologically," points out Wendy Bazilian, DrPH, registered dietician, and the nutrition specialist at the Golden Door spa in Escondido, California. (healinglifestyles.com)
- Supporting the body with antioxidants through diet (or supplementation) can help combat free radical damage. (holtorfmed.com)
Cells1
- Antioxidants can prevent cell damage and reduce the effects of ageing as well as preventing common diseases by combating the free-radicals produced by cells as part of their normal functioning. (labmeeting.com)
Pulmonary1
- 2010]. Antioxidants and pulmonary function among police officers . (cdc.gov)
Supplement5
- Antioxidants in supplement form are strongly recommended only in case of a protracted disease, toxins poisoning, overexposure to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, and treatment of radiation sickness. (pravda.ru)
- Even before the results of these trials were in, the media and the supplement and food industries began to hype the benefits of "antioxidants. (harvard.edu)
- Supplement makers touted the disease-fighting properties of all sorts of antioxidants. (harvard.edu)
- These mostly disappointing results haven't stopped food companies and supplement sellers from banking on antioxidants. (harvard.edu)
- My advice is to stick with the antioxidant supplement doses I recommend. (drweil.com)
Researchers6
- Measuring oxidant and antioxidant levels in the body can help researchers know how these levels impact particular diseases. (webmd.com)
- Researchers caution that more research is needed before we know how much of these antioxidants have the biggest impact on lowering the risk of dementia. (healthline.com)
- The apparent protective effect of these antioxidants was reduced somewhat when researchers considered other factors such as income, education, and physical activity. (healthline.com)
- One of the study's limitations is that researchers only assessed antioxidant levels once. (healthline.com)
- The more researchers delve into the nutritional benefits of foods, the more antioxidants they discover and the more they discover about antioxidants. (healinglifestyles.com)
- Researchers are also discovering that antioxidants can be affected by how food is prepared. (healinglifestyles.com)
Medicinal1
- Honey has many potential medicinal benefits, including antioxidant activity. (medscape.com)
Anti-oxidant1
- Ten Nigerian plants suggested from their ethnomedical uses to possess antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were studied for their anti-microbial and anti-oxidant properties. (who.int)
Oxidative damage1
- Older bodies are less efficient at repairing oxidative damage so the added boost that dietary antioxidants provide can help keep your pet feeling spritely as they age. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
Ineffective1
- Conclusions: It was found that the shear bond strength was reduced by carbamide peroxide bleaching, and that the antioxidant SA was ineffective at reversing the composite strength at the concentrations and treatment times examined. (bvsalud.org)
Chemotherapy2
- Some doctors who treat cancer are now using antioxidants with chemotherapy while others believe they should not be used with cancer treatment. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- The study is an open label prospective investigational study in 50 gynecologic cancer patients with a Primary Hypothesis: To assess safety of adding high-dose antioxidants to chemotherapy in the treatment of gynecologic malignancies (uterine, cervical, or epithelial ovarian). (clinicaltrials.gov)
Benefits8
- Liu chaired a symposium entitled "Nutrition Controversies: Moving Beyond Lab Chemical Methods for Antioxidant Assessment as Related to Health Benefits" at the 2008 IFT Annual Meeting & Food Expo in New Orleans last July. (ift.org)
- There is a trap set for every antioxidant, and therefore you are unlikely to reap the benefits by taking one antioxidant only. (pravda.ru)
- Health benefits of antioxidants: what's the buzz? (harvard.edu)
- Can clients and LMTs reap benefits from the topical application of antioxidants? (massagemag.com)
- Antioxidants are abundant in health benefits and are easy obtain - here the foods that are very high in antioxidants. (labmeeting.com)
- Though beneficial, antioxidants and their benefits take a back seat to the fiber necessary to stimulate your pet's digestive tract to keep it functioning properly. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
- These antioxidants provide key benefits to mitigate signs and symptoms of aging so those added years are enjoyed by all. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
- We all know that antioxidants are frequently referred to in the health and wellness community but what are they and what are their benefits? (holtorfmed.com)
Health2
- To minimize risk, tell you of your health care providers about any antioxidants you use. (wellness.com)
- Natural antioxidants in human health and disease / edited by Balz Frei. (who.int)
Vitro1
- A variety of in-vitro chemical methods are being used to determine the antioxidant activity of products and ingredients, but questions regarding whether the results have any bearing on effectiveness in the human body are leading to development of additional methods that may be more appropriate for screening potential antioxidant ingredients. (ift.org)
Ingredients1
- Some herbal ingredients can also be added to a fortified food to pack another punch of antioxidants. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
Genes2
- ROS are also involved in the increased expression of antioxidant genes related to the activation of transcription factors such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), activator protein 1 (AP-1), nuclear factor κ B (NF- κ B), hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1a (HIF-1a), and p53 [ 7 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Mechanistic analyses revealed that Res activated the oxidant/antioxidant-activated receptor Nrf2 to induce cytoprotective genes. (cdc.gov)
TRAP1
- TRAP values are calculated from the length of the lag-phase caused by the antioxidant compared to that of Trolox . (ift.org)
Strawberries2
- Strawberries rank among the top antioxidant fruits you can get - but be aware: you need to get them fresh and you shouldn't store them for more than two days. (labmeeting.com)
- The fruit pulp is richer in antioxidants than blueberries and strawberries, but getting fresh acai berries mightn't be all that easy! (labmeeting.com)
Supplementation1
- Evidence shows that antiplatelet agents, antioxidant therapies, amino acid supplementation, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and angiotensin-receptor blockers may be able to prevent or slow the progression of atherosclerosis. (medscape.com)
Foods5
- But it isn't clear whether this is because of the antioxidants , something else in the foods, or other factors. (wellness.com)
- Antioxidants are still added to breakfast cereals, sports bars, energy drinks, and other processed foods , and they are promoted as additives that can prevent heart disease, cancer, cataracts, memory loss, and other conditions. (harvard.edu)
- In addition, many studies just measure antioxidant levels based on which foods people eat. (healthline.com)
- What Foods are Very High in Antioxidants? (labmeeting.com)
- Foods that are very high in Antioxidants are freely available at your local supermarket. (labmeeting.com)
Cocoa2
- Antioxidants can also be found in cocoa, tea, and coffee. (webmd.com)
- Raw cocoa contains more antioxidants than green tea. (labmeeting.com)
Lutein1
- People 65 years or older at baseline with the highest blood levels of lutein and zeaxanthin had a lower risk of developing any type of dementia during the follow-up period compared to people with lower levels of those antioxidants. (healthline.com)
Harmful1
- When there's an imbalance in your body and free radicals exceed antioxidants, there can be lasting harmful effects. (webmd.com)
Free radical5
- An antioxidant becomes oxidized and inactive after transferring its electron to a free radical. (pravda.ru)
- Antioxidants came to public attention in the 1990s, when scientists began to understand that free radical damage was involved in the early stages of artery-clogging atherosclerosis. (harvard.edu)
- It can be hard to control some of the factors which contribute to free radical production so often times the addition of antioxidants becomes a focus to reducing oxidative stress. (oxbowanimalhealth.com)
- Deterring free radical damage requires maintaining an appropriate level of antioxidants. (holtorfmed.com)
- Resveratrol is a bioflavonoid antioxidant that is considered by many to be one of the best polyphenols for protecting against free radical damage. (holtorfmed.com)
Cancer3
- Antioxidants are said to be capable of beating cancer and smoothing wrinkles off one's face. (pravda.ru)
- Preliminary studies that look at the addition of antioxidants during cancer therapy show us that antioxidants could play a significant role in the management of cancer. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- It is known that cancer patients use antioxidants at greater rates than their healthy peers and these patients generally do not tell their physicians. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Turmeric1
- Red wine , green tea , chocolate , goji berries , turmeric , and acai have all been recently celebrated as antioxidant powerhouses. (healinglifestyles.com)
Stroke1
- When you have fewer antioxidants, you're more likely to have cerebral damage if you had a stroke. (webmd.com)
Contrast1
- In contrast, the antioxidant function of SOD1 in CnVG is less crucial for pathogenesis ( 14 ). (cdc.gov)
Damage2
- Antioxidants can also be used to prevent or repair damage to the skin, according to WebMD . (massagemag.com)
- An article published by the New York University Langone Medical Center discussed the topical application of antioxidants to combat photoaging, or damage to the skin caused by the sun. (massagemag.com)
Source3
- For example, Lipton teas carry a logo, "AOX, Naturally Protective Antioxidants," POM Wonderful pomegranate juice says it's "the real Antioxidant Superpowerâ„¢," and Hershey's Nuggets Special Dark Mildly Sweet Chocolate bears a logo stating "Natural Source of Flavonol Antioxidants. (ift.org)
- Is Your Massage Cream a Source of Antioxidants? (massagemag.com)
- The USDA rates blueberries as the best source of antioxidants you can get. (labmeeting.com)
Assay1
- This assay measures the change in color when metal oxides are reduced by polyphenolic antioxidants such as gallic acid and catechin, resulting in a blue solution with maximal absorption at 765 nm. (ift.org)
Body3
- Antioxidants play an important role in your body. (webmd.com)
- Your body can make some antioxidants, and you get others from food. (marksdailyapple.com)
- However, problems develop when the number of free radicals exceeds the number of antioxidants in the body. (holtorfmed.com)
High3
- High blood levels of antioxidants were linked with a lower risk of dementia. (healthline.com)
- This pilot trial is a Phase II study designed to assess safety of high-dose antioxidants in gynecologic malignancies. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- This population was chosen because of anecdotal and case report evidence for benefit when high-dose antioxidants are added to their care. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Prevent1
- Antioxidants prevent certain conditions like cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac myocyte apoptosis, and myocardial stunning. (webmd.com)
Natural1
- Resveratrol (Res) is a natural phytoalexin with multiple functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory in animals and humans. (cdc.gov)