Antimony. Medical search

A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Sb, atomic number 51, and atomic weight 121.75. It is used as a metal alloy and as medicinal and poisonous salts. It is toxic and an irritant to the skin and the mucous membranes.

A schistosomicide possibly useful against other parasites. It has irritant emetic properties and may cause lethal cardiac toxicity among other adverse effects.

Antimony complex where the metal may exist in either the pentavalent or trivalent states. The pentavalent gluconate is used in leishmaniasis. The trivalent gluconate is most frequently used in schistosomiasis.

Substances that are destructive to protozoans.

1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.

A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals and causes visceral leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL). The sandfly genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia are the vectors.

A chronic disease caused by LEISHMANIA DONOVANI and transmitted by the bite of several sandflies of the genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. It is commonly characterized by fever, chills, vomiting, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, emaciation, and an earth-gray color of the skin. The disease is classified into three main types according to geographic distribution: Indian, Mediterranean (or infantile), and African.

A class of compounds of the type R-M, where a C atom is joined directly to any other element except H, C, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I, or At. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

An endemic disease that is characterized by the development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L. tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes.

Inorganic compounds that contain TECHNETIUM as an integral part of the molecule. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) is an isotope of technetium that has a half-life of about 6 hours. Technetium 99, which has a half-life of 210,000 years, is a decay product of technetium 99m.

A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

A disease caused by any of a number of species of protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World) (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS), and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).

A genus of flagellate protozoa comprising several species that are pathogenic for humans. Organisms of this genus have an amastigote and a promastigote stage in their life cycles. As a result of enzymatic studies this single genus has been divided into two subgenera: Leishmania leishmania and Leishmania viannia. Species within the Leishmania leishmania subgenus include: L. aethiopica, L. arabica, L. donovani, L. enrietti, L. gerbilli, L. hertigi, L. infantum, L. major, L. mexicana, and L. tropica. The following species are those that compose the Leishmania viannia subgenus: L. braziliensis, L. guyanensis, L. lainsoni, L. naiffi, and L. shawi.

A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania viannia that infects man and animals. It causes cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS) depending on the subspecies of this organism. The sandfly, Lutzomyia, is the vector. The Leishmania braziliensis complex includes the subspecies braziliensis and peruviana. Uta, a form of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the New World, is caused by the subspecies peruviana.

Activation analysis in which the specimen is bombarded with neutrons. Identification is made by measuring the resulting radioisotopes. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A disease characterized by the chronic, progressive spread of lesions from New World cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by species of the L. braziliensis complex to the nasal, pharyngeal, and buccal mucosa some time after the appearance of the initial cutaneous lesion. Nasal obstruction and epistaxis are frequent presenting symptoms.

Diminished or failed response of an organism, disease or tissue to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should be differentiated from DRUG TOLERANCE which is the progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, as a result of continued administration.

Inorganic salts or organic esters of arsenious acid.

A general class of integral membrane proteins that transport ions across a membrane against an electrochemical gradient.

Efflux pumps that use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to pump arsenite across a membrane. They are primarily found in prokaryotic organisms, where they play a role in protection against excess intracellular levels of arsenite ions.

Polymeric materials (usually organic) of large molecular weight which can be shaped by flow. Plastic usually refers to the final product with fillers, plasticizers, pigments, and stabilizers included (versus the resin, the homogeneous polymeric starting material). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)

Stainless steel. A steel containing Ni, Cr, or both. It does not tarnish on exposure and is used in corrosive environments. (Grant & Hack's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Instruments used for injecting or withdrawing fluids. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.

Coloring, shading, or tinting of prosthetic components, devices, and materials.

A developmental deformity in which the metaphysis of the FEMUR moves proximally and anteriorly away from FEMUR HEAD (epiphysis) at the upper GROWTH PLATE. It is most common in male adolescents and is associated with a greater risk of early OSTEOARTHRITIS of the hip.

The joint that is formed by the articulation of the head of FEMUR and the ACETABULUM of the PELVIS.

The biosynthesis of PEPTIDES and PROTEINS on RIBOSOMES, directed by MESSENGER RNA, via TRANSFER RNA that is charged with standard proteinogenic AMINO ACIDS.

The collective designation of three organizations with common membership: the European Economic Community (Common Market), the European Coal and Steel Community, and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom). It was known as the European Community until 1994. It is primarily an economic union with the principal objectives of free movement of goods, capital, and labor. Professional services, social, medical and paramedical, are subsumed under labor. The constituent countries are Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. (The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1997, p842)

Disorders of the choroid including hereditary choroidal diseases, neoplasms, and other abnormalities of the vascular layer of the uvea.

Binary compounds of oxygen containing the anion O(2-). The anion combines with metals to form alkaline oxides and non-metals to form acidic oxides.

Inorganic or organic compounds that contain arsenic.

Substances that comprise all matter. Each element is made up of atoms that are identical in number of electrons and protons and in nuclear charge, but may differ in mass or number of neutrons.

The structural parts of the VIRION.

Electropositive chemical elements characterized by ductility, malleability, luster, and conductance of heat and electricity. They can replace the hydrogen of an acid and form bases with hydroxyl radicals. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086].

Persons living in the United States of Mexican descent.

A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Means or process of supplying water (as for a community) usually including reservoirs, tunnels, and pipelines and often the watershed from which the water is ultimately drawn. (Webster, 3d ed)

Devices capable of receiving data, retaining data for an indefinite or finite period of time, and supplying data upon demand.

Communications networks connecting various hardware devices together within or between buildings by means of a continuous cable or voice data telephone system.

Any enterprise centered on the processing, assembly, production, or marketing of a line of products, services, commodities, or merchandise, in a particular field often named after its principal product. Examples include the automobile, fishing, music, publishing, insurance, and textile industries.

Customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction with a benefit or service received.

Works about lists of drugs or collections of recipes, formulas, and prescriptions for the compounding of medicinal preparations. Formularies differ from PHARMACOPOEIAS in that they are less complete, lacking full descriptions of the drugs, their formulations, analytic composition, chemical properties, etc. In hospitals, formularies list all drugs commonly stocked in the hospital pharmacy.

Economic aspects of the fields of pharmacy and pharmacology as they apply to the development and study of medical economics in rational drug therapy and the impact of pharmaceuticals on the cost of medical care. Pharmaceutical economics also includes the economic considerations of the pharmaceutical care delivery system and in drug prescribing, particularly of cost-benefit values. (From J Res Pharm Econ 1989;1(1); PharmacoEcon 1992;1(1))

That segment of commercial enterprise devoted to the design, development, and manufacture of chemical products for use in the diagnosis and treatment of disease, disability, or other dysfunction, or to improve function.

Organizations representing specialized fields which are accepted as authoritative; may be non-governmental, university or an independent research organization, e.g., National Academy of Sciences, Brookings Institution, etc.

Regulations to assure protection of property and equipment.

Laws and regulations concerned with industrial processing and marketing of foods.

Overexpression of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1) in human heavy metal-selected tumor cells. (1/319)

Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the resistance to cytotoxic heavy metals remain largely to be characterized in mammalian cells. To this end, we have analyzed a metal-resistant variant of the human lung cancer GLC4 cell line that we have selected by a step-wise procedure in potassium antimony tartrate. Antimony-selected cells, termed GLC4/Sb30 cells, poorly accumulated antimony through an enhanced cellular efflux of metal, thus suggesting up-regulation of a membrane export system in these cells. Indeed, GLC4/Sb30 cells were found to display a functional overexpression of the multidrug resistance-associated protein MRP1, a drug export pump, as demonstrated by Western blotting, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and calcein accumulation assays. Moreover, MK571, a potent inhibitor of MRP1 activity, was found to markedly down-modulate resistance of GLC4/Sb30 cells to antimony and to decrease cellular export of the metal. Taken together, our data support the conclusion that overexpression of functional MRP1 likely represents one major mechanism by which human cells can escape the cytotoxic effects of heavy metals. (+info)

Chemistry and toxicity of flame retardants for plastics. (2/319)

An overview of commercially used flame retardants is give. The most used flame retardants are illustrated and the seven major markets, which use 96% of all flame-retarded polymers, are described. Annual flame retardant growth rate for each major market is also projected. Toxicity data are reviewed on only those compositions that are considered commercially significant today. This includes 18 compounds or families of compounds and four inherently flame-retarded polymers. Toxicological studies of flame retardants for most synthetic materials are of recent origin and only a few of the compounds have been evaluated in any great detail. Considerable toxicological problems may exist in the manufacturing of some flame retardants, their by-products, and possible decomposition products. (+info)

Asp45 is a Mg2+ ligand in the ArsA ATPase. (3/319)

The ATPase activity of ArsA, the catalytic subunit of the plasmid-encoded, ATP-dependent extrusion pump for arsenicals and antimonials in Escherichia coli, is allosterically activated by arsenite or antimonite. Magnesium is essential for ATPase activity. To examine the role of Asp45, mutants were constructed in which Asp45 was changed to Glu, Asn, or Ala. Cells expressing these mutated arsA genes lost arsenite resistance to varying degrees. Purified D45A and D45N enzymes were inactive. The purified D45E enzyme exhibited approximately 5% of the wild type activity with about a 5-fold decrease in affinity for Mg2+. Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence was used to probe Mg2+ binding. ArsA containing only Trp159 exhibited fluorescence enhancement upon the addition of MgATP, which was absent in D45N and D45A. As another measure of conformation, limited trypsin digestion was used to estimate the surface accessibility of residues in ArsA. ATP and Sb(III) synergistically protected wild type ArsA from trypsin digestion. Subsequent addition of Mg2+ increased trypsin sensitivity. D45N and D45A remained protected by ATP and Sb(III) but lost the Mg2+ effect. D45E exhibited an intermediate Mg2+ response. These results indicate that Asp45 is a Mg2+-responsive residue, consistent with its function as a Mg2+ ligand. (+info)

Short report: improved diagnosis and follow-up of canine leishmaniasis using amastigote-based indirect immunofluorescence. (4/319)

A comparison of an indirect immunofluorescence test using promastigotes (IFATp) or cultured amastigotes (IFATa) in the diagnosis and follow-up of canine leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum was carried out. Results obtained with both diagnostic methods were in good agreement although the IFATa titration was more sensitive than the currently used IFATp without losing specificity. The higher sensitivity of the amastigote-based IFAT resulted in an earlier diagnosis in the absence of clinical signs. Both methods showed comparable results for monitoring the clinical evolution of naturally infected and treated (meglumine antimoniate plus allopurinol) dogs. (+info)

High frequency of serious side effects from meglumine antimoniate given without an upper limit dose for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in human immunodeficiency virus type-1-infected patients. (5/319)

Organic pentavalent antimonials are one of the mainstays of treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Few data are available on the toxicity and efficacy of these drugs at the dosing schedule recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (Atlanta, GA). We analyzed 25 VL episodes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who were treated with meglumine antimoniate (MA) at the CDC-recommended dose in southern Spain. Adverse effects were observed in 14 (56%) VL episodes. In 7 (28%), treatment with MA was permanently discontinued due to serious adverse effects that included acute pancreatitis, acute renal failure, and leukopenia. Three (12%) patients died during therapy due to severe acute pancreatitis attributable to MA. The dosing regimen of MA currently recommended for treating VL is associated with a high rate of serious side effects in HIV-1-infected patients. (+info)

Roles of endogenous gamma interferon and macrophage microbicidal mechanisms in host response to chemotherapy in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. (6/319)

In experimental visceral leishmaniasis, in which the tissue macrophage is the target, in vivo responsiveness to conventional chemotherapy (pentavalent antimony [Sb]) requires a T-cell-dependent mechanism. To determine if this mechanism involves gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-induced activation and/or specific IFN-gamma-regulated macrophage leishmanicidal mechanisms (generation of reactive nitrogen or oxygen intermediates, we treated gene-deficient mice infected with Leishmania donovani. In IFN-gamma gene knockout (GKO) mice, Sb inhibited but did not kill intracellular L. donovani (2% killing versus 76% in controls). Sb was active (>94% killing), however, in both inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) knockout (KO) and respiratory burst (phagocyte oxidase)-deficient chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD) mice. Sb's efficacy was also maintained in doubly deficient animals (X-CGD mice treated with an iNOS inhibitor). In contrast to Sb, amphotericin B (AmB) induced high-level killing in GKO mice; AmB was also fully active in iNOS KO and X-CGD animals. Although resolution of L. donovani infection requires iNOS, residual visceral infection remained largely suppressed in iNOS KO mice treated with Sb or AmB. These results indicate that endogenous IFN-gamma regulates the leishmanicidal response to Sb and achieves this effect via a pathway unrelated to the macrophage's primary microbicidal mechanisms. The role of IFN-gamma is selective, since it is not a cofactor in the response to AmB. Treatment with either Sb or AmB permits an iNOS-independent mechanism to emerge and control residual intracellular L. donovani infection. (+info)

Ultrastructural histochemical alteration of the plasma membrane in chronic myelocytic leukemia. (7/319)

Ultrastructural histochemical evaluation of the surface of normal human blood and bone marrow cells exposed to the pyroantimonate-osmium (PAO) reaction indicated the selective binding of pyroantimonate to certain cations (calcium, magnesium, and possibly sodium) associated with the plasma membrane of neutrophilic leukocytes and their developmental forms. Other leukocytes and their precursors did not exhibit plasma membrane PAO reactivity. The extent of surface binding was related to cell maturity, with maximal labeling evident in the mid and late promyelocytes; decreased binding occurred with subsequent maturation while myeloblasts were nonreactive. This study was initiated to ascertain if histochemical surface modifications of neutrophilic cells occur in certain myeloproliferative disorders. In this regard, we have been able to demonstrate a distinctive defect in the plasma membrane PAO binding characteristics of the leukemic cells in chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). Limited binding of pyroantimonate to the plasma membrane of the leukemic cell series in four patients with CML contrasted with that of the normal granulocytic cell series and the neutrophilic cells seen in myelomonocytic leukemia (two patients), myelofibrosis (one patient), and acute myelocytic leukemia (three patients). Comparison of surface PAO reactivity of neutrophilic cells in all stages of maturation in two patients with CML in blast crisis revealed that, in the patient with 30% circulating blast cells, PAO reactivity was identical to that noted in CML, while in the patient with 80% circulating blast forms, the PAO reactivity of the maturing neutrophilic cells more nearly resembled that observed in neutrophilic cells from normal individuals. Many neutrophilic cells from patients with myelofibrosis and myelomonocytic leukemia and from one patient in severe blast crisis had large surface deposits of pyroantimonate considered to reflect increased membrane-associated reactive cation. (+info)

Concentrations of antimony in infants dying from SIDS and infants dying from other causes. (8/319)

OBJECTIVES: Raised concentrations of antimony have been found in infants dying of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The presumed source of this antimony is toxic gases generated from fire retardants that are present in cot mattresses. The aim of this study was to determine the role of antimony in SIDS. DESIGN: Samples of liver, brain, serum, and urine were collected from all patients dying from SIDS and a group of aged matched control infants who had died of other causes. SETTING: Nationwide study in Ireland. SUBJECTS: 52 infants dying from SIDS and 19 control infants aged > 7 days and < 1 year. RESULTS: The median concentration of antimony in the liver and brain of infants dying of SIDS was < 1 ng/g, with no difference detected between the infants dying from SIDS and the control infants. The range of antimony in the serum of infants dying of SIDS was 0.09-0.71 microg/litre (median, 0.26). Although no difference was found between infants dying from SIDS and control infants, SIDS infants were found to have higher concentrations when compared with healthy infants in the 1st year of life, probably as a result of release of antimony into serum after death. Urine antimony concentrations in infants dying from SIDS were < 3.91 ng/mg (corrected for creatinine) and similar to values found both in control infants and healthy infants. CONCLUSION: There is no evidence to support a causal role for antimony in SIDS. (+info)

Antimony. Antimony (Sb) is a metalloid element that is used as a catalyst in the form of compounds such as antimony trioxide ( ... Sb2O3) or antimony triacetate in the production of PET. After manufacturing, a detectable amount of antimony can be found on ... 2010). "Elevated antimony concentrations in commercial juices". Journal of Environmental Monitoring. 12 (4): 822-4. doi:10.1039 ... Antimony also remains in the material itself and can, thus, migrate out into food and drinks. Exposing PET to boiling or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene_terephthalate

Metallic antimony is relatively non-toxic, but most antimony compounds are poisonous. Two antimony compounds, sodium ... Antimony is capable of displacing hydrogen from water, when heated: 2 Sb + 3 H2O → Sb2O3 + 3 H2. It melts at 631 °C. Antimony ... Its alloys include pewter (a tin alloy with up to 20% antimony) and type metal (a lead alloy with up to 25% antimony). ... Tripositive antimony is amphoteric; pentapositive antimony is (predominately) acidic. Consistent with an increase in metallic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloid

Antimony Media. ISBN 978-0-9892853-1-5. Compare "steelyard". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanseatic_League

Gebel, T. (1997-11-28). "Arsenic and antimony: comparative approach on mechanistic toxicology". Chemico-Biological Interactions ... Diesel exhaust includes ... acetaldehyde; antimony compounds; arsenic; benzene; beryllium compounds; bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_exhaust

It comprises amorphous antimony with some occluded antimony trihalide (7-20% in the case of the trichloride). When scratched, ... Antimony A high-energy explosive form of antimony was first obtained in 1858. It is prepared by the electrolysis of any of the ... Boron, antimony These elements are record holders within the field of superacid chemistry. For seven decades, fluorosulfonic ... This is fluoroantimonic acid H2F[SbF6], a mixture of antimony pentafluoride SbF5 and hydrofluoric acid HF.[citation needed] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Properties_of_metals,_metalloids_and_nonmetals

Historically, antimony potassium tartrate remained the treatment of choice for schistosomiasis until the development of ... Walker MD (August 2018). "Etymologia: Antimony". Emerg. Infect. Dis. 24 (8): 1601. doi:10.3201/eid2408.et2408. citing public ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis

Antimony's father Anthony suddenly returns to the court as a professor. He finds out that Antimony has been copying Kat's ... The symbol for antimony appears frequently in Gunnerkrigg Court: the character Antimony wears a necklace shaped like that ... It is suggested that the powers Antimony has are passed from mother to daughter, at the cost of the mother's life. Antimony ... it pushes Antimony off the bridge when she goes out to it. Antimony spends a night at the banks of the river below the bridge, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunnerkrigg_Court

A. J. Arduengo; F. Davidson; R. Krafczyk; W. J. Marshall; R. Schmutzler (1999). "A Tris(trifluoromethyl)antimony Adduct of a ... Antimony analog of ADPO (ADSbO) synthesized at DuPont by Arduengo and Stewart. external viewer. Nine coordinate bismuth complex ... antimony, carbene•cadmium, and carbene•lithium adducts. Reactions of carbenes with phosphinidenes were also reported from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Joseph_Arduengo_III

... antimony vitriol • quartz • cinnabar • pyrites • orpiment • galena magnesia • lime • potash • natron • saltpetre • kohl ammonia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_alchemy

"Antimony" (PDF). Indian Minerals Year Book, 2019. Indian Bureau of Mines. Part II: Review on Metals and Alloys. 2020. Pascoe, E ... A small deposit of antimony ore is known to exist near the Bara Shigri glacier. Making it one of the few reported occurrences ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bara_Shigri_Glacier

... antimony, 2%; iron ore, 2%; nickel, 2%; and phosphate rock, 1%. South Africa also accounted for nearly 5% of the world's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_South_Africa

... s, Bismuth-antimonys, or Bismuth-antimony alloys, (Bi1−xSbx) are binary alloys of bismuth and antimony in ... Crystals of bismuth antimonides are synthesized by melting bismuth and antimony together under inert gas or vacuum. Zone ... Goldsmid, H. J. (1970-01-16). "Bismuth-antimony alloys". Physica Status Solidi A. 1 (1): 7-28. Bibcode:1970PSSAR...1....7G. doi ... Smith, G. E.; Wolfe, R. (1962-03-01). "Thermoelectric Properties of Bismuth‐Antimony Alloys". Journal of Applied Physics. 33 (3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth_antimonide

War Monarch (Jim Rhodes). An amalgamation of DC's Monarch and Marvel's War Machine (Jim Rhodes). Antimony (Debbie Walker). An ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Amalgam_Comics_characters

Observations upon antimony". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 70 (11): 756-63. doi:10.1177/003591577707001103. PMC ... antimony potassium tartrate). Diisopropyl tartrate is used as a co-catalyst in asymmetric synthesis. Tartaric acid is a muscle ... antimony(III) d-tartrate) octahydrate". Inorganic Chemistry. 12 (7): 1641-1646. doi:10.1021/ic50125a033. Haq, I; Khan, C (1982 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tartaric_acid

The medieval meaning was antimony sulfide. Antimony sulfide was well known to the medieval Arabs under the names ithmid and ... An alcohol of antimony sulfide (stibnite) is in Spanish with date 1278 and in Latin with date 13th century - CNRTL.fr, Raja ... antimony This word's first known record is in Constantinus Africanus (died circa 1087), who was a widely circulated medical ... "Definition of antimony , Dictionary.com". www.dictionary.com. Constantinus Africanus writing in Latin in Italy in the late 11th ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of_Arabic_origin_(A-B)

Tin - The American Heritage Dictionary "Antimony , Define Antimony at Dictionary.com". Dictionary.reference.com. Retrieved 2011 ... OED, s. antimony. stimmi is used by the Attic tragic poets of the 5th century BC. Later Greeks also used στίβι (stibi), which ... Antimony, LSJ, s.v., vocalisation, spelling, and declension vary; Endlich; Celsus, 6.6.6 ff; Pliny Natural History 33.33; Lewis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_element_name_etymologies

... antimony, tellurium, and polonium (of which germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium are usually considered to be metalloids ... Antimony is a soft (MH 3.0) and brittle semi-metallic element. It is commonly regarded as a metalloid, or by some other authors ... Antimony forms a series of anionic antimonites and antimonates such as NaSbO2 and AlSbO4, and Zintl phases such as K5Sb4, ... Germanium, antimony and polonium are sometimes also included, although the first two are commonly recognised as metalloids. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metals_close_to_the_border_between_metals_and_nonmetals

... tin with antimony; lead with sulfur; and mercury with aqua fortis. There was also philosophical calcination, which was said to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcination

"The Quebec antimony deposit; an example of gudmundite-native antimony mineralization in the ophiolitic melange of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Jébrak

Valentine, Basil (1678). Triumphal Chariot of Antimony. Retrieved September 20, 2012. Rodrigo a Castro, Esteban (1621). De ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicorn_horn

Alloys Containing Aluminium, Cadmium, and Tin; Aluminium, Antimony, and Lead; or Aluminium, Antimony, and Bismuth". Proceedings ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Romley_Alder_Wright

Antimony forms antimony(III) oxide and antimonite but not oxyacids. Its trihalides, antimony trifluoride, antimony trichloride ... Antimony was well known to the ancients. A 5000-year-old vase made of nearly pure antimony exists in the Louvre. Antimony ... Antimony currency was briefly used in the 1930s in parts of China, but this use was discontinued as antimony is both soft and ... Antimony is not known to have a biological role. Plants take up only trace amounts of antimony. There are approximately 2 mg of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pnictogen

Antimony (anti-protozoal), bismuth (anti-ulcer), gold (anti-arthritic), and iron (anti-malarial) are also important in medicine ... Metalloids meeting the applicable criteria-arsenic and antimony for example-are sometimes counted as heavy metals, particularly ... Borderline metals largely comprise the lighter transition and post-transition metals (plus arsenic and antimony). The ... antimony (a suspected carcinogen); and thallium (central nervous system damage). Heavy metals essential for life can be toxic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals

... or antimony oxysulfide is also known as red antimony (Sb2S2O) . The mineral's color ranges from cherry red to a dark ... Kermesite or red antimony has been used as early as the Old Kingdom's 6th Dynasty in ancient Egypt (c. 2345-2181 BCE) in lip ... "Antimony" pp. 227-235. Handbook on Metals in Clinical and Analytical Chemistry (ed.) Hans G Seiler (1994) ISBN 0-8247-9094-4 ... Besides stibnite, which was used for eye liner red, antimony is one of the oldest minerals used in cosmetics. Further ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kermesite

Antimony in southern utah. Bulletin 340. USGS 1908. Richardson GB. The Harmony, Colob and Kanab coal fields, southern utah. ... Antimony in southern Utah. Bulletin 340. USGS 1908. Richardson GB. The Harmony, Colob and Kanab coal fields, southern Utah. ... antimony in southern Utah, the Harmony, Colob, and Kanab coal fields, and petroleum in southern Utah. From 1919 to 1932, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Burr_Richardson

ISBN 0-520-24209-2. "Hillgrove Antimony/Gold Mine". "Major Metallic Mines, Deposits and Projects". Krajick, Kevin (May 2005). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_New_South_Wales

AntimonyEdit. Antimony (Sb) is a metalloid element that is used as a catalyst in the form of compounds such as antimony ... 2010). "Elevated antimony concentrations in commercial juices". Journal of Environmental Monitoring. 12 (4): 822-4. doi:10.1039 ... Antimony also remains in the material itself and can, thus, migrate out into food and drinks. Exposing PET to boiling or ... An article published in Journal of Environmental Monitoring in April 2012 concludes that antimony concentration in deionized ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dacron

ISBN 978-0-495-55828-6. Olah, G. A.; Prakash, G. K. S.; Wang, Q.; Li, X. (2001). "Hydrogen Fluoride-Antimony(V) Fluoride". In ... Paquette, L. (ed.). Hydrogen Fluoride-Antimony(V) Fluoride. Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. New York: J. Wiley ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leveling_effect

... antimony(III,V) oxide. Sb2O4 is better formulated as SbIIISbVO4, i.e. [Sb3+][Sb5+][O2−]4. IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_nomenclature

Unlike the other halogens, astatine retains its suffix (astatin in Vietnamese). Antimony is shortened to antimon, and arsenic ... antimony tī (PRC) / tì (ROC); polonium pō (PRC) / pò (ROC); uranium yóu (PRC) / yòu (ROC); bohrium bō (PRC) / pō (ROC). The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_elements_in_East_Asian_languages

Antimony can also cause problems with the lungs, heart, and stomach. Workers may be harmed from exposure to antimony and its ... Antimony (Sb) is a silver-white brittle solid or a dark-gray, lustrous powder. It can be harmful to the eyes and skin. ... EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS): Antimonyexternal icon. *IARC Monograph (Vol. 47): Antimony Trioxide and Antimony ... Useful search terms for antimony include "antimony metal," "antimony powder," and "stibium." ...

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/antimony/default.html

Antimony pentachloride is prepared by passing chlorine gas into molten antimony trichloride: SbCl3 + Cl2 → SbCl5. Gaseous SbCl5 ... Antimony pentachloride hydrolyses to give hydrochloric acid and antimony oxychlorides. This reaction is suppressed in the ... a b c d e Sigma-Aldrich Co., Antimony(V) chloride. Retrieved on 2014-05-29. ... Antimony trichloride Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimony_pentachloride

"Antimony" in David Barthelmy, Webmineral Mineralogy Database[1], 1997-.. *antimony mindat.org. [2], Hudson Institute of ... antimony (uncountable). *A chemical element (symbol Sb) with an atomic number of 51. The symbol is derived from Latin stibium. ... Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=antimony&oldid=47951001" ...

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/antimony

Breathing high levels of antimony for a long time can irritate the eyes and lungs, and can cause problems with the lungs, heart ... Exposure to antimony occurs in the workplace or from skin contact with soil at hazardous waste sites. ... What is antimony?. Antimony is a silvery-white metal that is found in the earths crust. In the environment, antimony metal is ... Can I get a medical test to check for antimony?. There are medical tests to measure antimony levels in the body. Antimony can ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxFAQs/ToxFAQsDetails.aspx?faqid=331&toxid=58

Toxicological Profile for Antimony. CAS#: 7440-36-0 Toxicological Profile Information. The ATSDR toxicological profile ... Toxicological profile for Antimony. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxProfiles/ToxProfiles.aspx?id=332&tid=58+

ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE. ICSC. : 0012. Antimony sesquioxide. Antimony(III) oxide. Antimony white. Flowers of antimony. CI 77052. C.I ... According to special provision SP45, antimony trioxide is not regulated for transport unless it contains more than 0.5% of ...

https://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.display?p_lang=en&p_card_id=0012

Antimony is stable in air at room temperature, but reacts with oxygen if heated to produce antimony trioxide, Sb2O3. Antimony ... not to exposure to antimony ions (OECD, 2008). Antimony chlorides are corrosive to skin. The effects of antimony are not ... Antimony trioxide is formed when antimony is burnt in air. In the gas phase, the molecule of the compound is Sb 4O 6, but it ... In 2015, no antimony was mined in the U.S., the metal is imported. In the period 2011-2014, 68% of Americas antimony came from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimony

We obtain antimony mainly from food and water, with some from the air. ... Antimony is probably only slightly toxic in human beings, though in rats it affects the heart and reduces the life span. ... Antimony is really only of mild concern in humans.. Industrial antimony toxicity from gaseous stibine (SbH3) or ingestion of ... Antimony is probably only slightly toxic in human beings, though in rats it affects the heart and reduces the life span. We ...

https://healthy.net/2000/12/06/antimony-2/

Antimony and compounds - Specific Medical Tests or Examinations Published in the Literature for OSHA-Regulated Substances ... Antimony and compounds. CAS No: Varies. NOTE:. (1) Efficacy of Medical Tests has not been evaluated.. (2) NIOSH references ... Antimony and compounds. Editor(s). /Author(s). Specific Medical Test(s) or Examination(s). Reference(s). ...

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2005-110/nmed0016.html

It can be prepared by dissolving antimony, antimony trioxide, antimony trisulfide or antimony oxychloride in hot, concentrated ... Antimony sulfate, Sb2(SO4)3, is a hygroscopic salt formed by reacting antimony or its compounds with hot sulfuric acid. It is ... Antimony sulfate is sometimes called a "salt" as it can be produced from the reaction of antimony and sulfuric acid, but ... 1985) Antimony and antimony compounds in Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 5th ed., vol. A3, p. 70. ISBN 3-527- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimony_sulfate

Antimony exists in many allotropic forms (physically distinct conditions that result... ... antimony (Sb): Sb a metallic element belonging to the nitrogen group (Group 15 [Va] of the periodic table). ... With tin, antimony forms such alloys as britannia metal and pewter, used for utensils. Antimony is also used as an alloy in ... Antimony (Sb), a metallic element belonging to the nitrogen group (Group 15 [Va] of the periodic table). Antimony exists in ...

https://www.britannica.com/science/antimony

... and found significant levels of the toxic metal antimony had leached out of the PET bottles into the water. Levels ... "Antimony is similar chemically to lead. It is also a potentially toxic trace element," said Shotyk. He is now studying the ... "If you bottle water in Europe and ship it to Asia, what is the antimony concentration in that water by the time somebody buys ... Antimony in your Bottled Water. William Shotyk, a Canadian scientist working at the University of Heidelberg, studied 132 ...

https://www.treehugger.com/clean-water/antimony-in-your-bottled-water.html

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...

https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C7791084

... This is a bluish-white feathery-looking metal, which is so crystalline that it may be broken and ground up to a ...

https://chestofbooks.com/crafts/metal/Sheet-And-Plate-Metal-Work/Antimony.html

As a therapeutic, antimony has been mostly used for the treatment of leishmaniasis and schistosomiasis. The major toxic side- ... In addition antimony trioxide is possibly carcinogenic to humans. Improvements in working conditions have remarkably decreased ... Occupational exposure may cause respiratory irritation, pneumoconiosis, antimony spots on the skin and gastrointestinal ... Antimony toxicity occurs either due to occupational exposure or during therapy. ...

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/7/12/4267

Definition of antimony sodium tartrate. Provided by Stedmans medical dictionary and Drugs.com. Includes medical terms and ...

https://www.drugs.com/dict/antimony-sodium-tartrate.html

... antimony smelting plant where the dust contained nearly 90 per cent antimony trioxide with some antimony pentoxide and small ... Reaction of antimony trisulphide and hydrochloric acid. (MERCK, 1996) Synonyms Antimonous chloride Antimony chloride Antimony ... Antimony trichloride is a trivalent antimony compound. It is produced commercially by the reaction of antimony trisulphide and ... described three cases of occupational antimony dermatitis following several months exposure to antimony dust and antimony ...

http://inchem.org/documents/ukpids/ukpids/ukpid35.htm

2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Part of Springer Nature.. Not logged in Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT Libraries (1600010533) 18.212.93.234 ...

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-1-349-81558-6

Antimony. Find out what is in your tap water ... EWGs Tap Water Database Antimony results for San Antonio Water ... Antimony. San Antonio Water System Northeast. Antimony is a naturally occurring metal that enters tap water from plumbing ... The legal limit for antimony, established in 1992, was based on a toxicity study in laboratory animals published in 1970. This ... The EWG Health Guideline of 1 ppb for antimony was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment ...

https://www.ewg.org/tapwater/system-contaminant.php?pws=TX0150084&contamcode=1074

Peer Reviewers Comments and CDC/ATSDRs Response to Peer Reviewers Comments: Antimonypdf icon [PDF - 288 KB] ... Title: Toxicological Profile for Antimony. Subject of planned Report: The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes ...

https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/sites/peer_review/tox_profile_antimony.html

Manufacturers of antimony tri chloride, anitmony tri Oxide, antimony penta sulphide, antimony tri sulphide, antimony metal ... Antimony - LoveToKnow 1911. Antimony and its salts may be readily detected by the orange precipitate of antimony sulphide which ... When you say you cant make it, do you mean antimony sulphide or antimony metal (or both), and when you say synthetic antimony ... Antimony (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24). In 1998, 7,479,444 pounds of antimony waste were managed; 4,625,143 ...

http://www.factbites.com/topics/Antimony-oxide,-tri

Antimony. Regulatory process names 5 CAS names 1 IUPAC names 11 Trade names 5 Other identifiers 5 ...

https://echa.europa.eu/fr/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.028.314

Antimony Pellets Sb bulk & research qty manufacturer. Properties, SDS, Applications, Price. Free samples program. Term ... 51 Sb 121.760000000 Antimony See more Antimony products. Antimony (atomic symbol: Sb, atomic number: 51) is a Block P, Group 15 ... The antimony atom has a radius of 140 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 206 pm. Antimony was discovered around 3000 BC and first ... About Antimony Pellets. American Elements specializes in producing high purity uniform shaped Antimony Pellets with the highest ...

https://www.americanelements.com/antimony-pellets-7440-36-0

Antimony Pentachloride SbCl5 bulk & research qty manufacturer. Properties, SDS, Applications, Price. Free samples program. Term ... Antimony Pentachloride Synonyms. Antimony(V) chloride; Antimony chloride; Antimony perchloride; Pentachloroantimony; ... 51 Sb 121.760000000 Antimony See more Antimony products. Antimony (atomic symbol: Sb, atomic number: 51) is a Block P, Group 15 ... The antimony atom has a radius of 140 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 206 pm. Antimony was discovered around 3000 BC and first ...

https://www.americanelements.com/antimony-pentachloride-7647-18-9

Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.. ...

https://www.echa.europa.eu/web/guest/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/16124/7/11/2

24 Emission limit value defined as total emission limit for the total sum of antimony, arsenic, lead, chromium, cobalt, copper ... 24 Emission limit value defined as total emission limit for the total sum of antimony, arsenic, lead, chromium, cobalt, copper ... 24 Emission limit value defined as total emission limit for the total sum of antimony, arsenic, lead, chromium, cobalt, copper ... Antimony, arsenic, lead, chromium, cobalt, copper, manganese, nickel and vanadium and their compounds. ...

https://echa.europa.eu/legislation-obligation/-/obligations/100.028.314

Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice ...

https://www.echa.europa.eu/web/guest/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/16124/6/4/7

Antimony. SUMMARY. What is antimony?. What happens to antimony when it enters the environment?. How might I be exposed to ... Antimony is found at low levels in some rivers, lakes, and streams. How might I be exposed to antimony?. * Because antimony is ... What is antimony?. Antimony is a silvery-white metal that is found in the earths crust. Antimony ores are mined and then mixed ... How can antimony affect my health?. How likely is antimony to cause cancer?. Is there a medical test to show whether Ive been ...

https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/p0000469/p0000469.asp

Antimony (Antimonium, Stibium) Treatment. Some forms, especially of dry spasmodic asthma, are much relieved by repeated small ... the arseniate of antimony - which he administers in the form of vapor from a cigarette (Practitioner, vol. iv.). ...

https://chestofbooks.com/health/materia-medica-drugs/Materia-Medica-Therapeutics-Inorganic-Substances/Asthma-Antimony-Antimonium-Stibium-Treatment.html

... said.ANTIMONY MARKETPolyus said it has already signed sales contracts for all ofits 2018 production of antimony concentrate and ... The total amount of high content antimony ore to bemined at the Olimpiada deposit between 2017 and 2026 isestimated at 11 ... China, Japan and SouthKorea are the worlds top antimony consumers.Polyus held its capital markets day at the London ... coincides with rising pricesof antimony ANT-LON, which is trading in Europe at its highestlevel since June, around $8,700 a ...

https://in.reuters.com/article/russia-polyus/update-1-russias-polyus-starts-antimony-sales-could-increase-free-float-idINL8N1R25PM

According to special provision SP45, antimony trioxide is not regulated for transport unless it contains more than 0.5% of arsenic. (ilo.org)
Antimony is about one-fifth as abundant as arsenic , contributing on the average about one gram to every ton of the Earth's crust. (britannica.com)
When slowly cooled, molten antimony crystallizes in a trigonal cell, isomorphic with the gray allotrope of arsenic. (wikipedia.org)
Antimony also forms a mixed-valence oxide, antimony tetroxide (Sb 2O 4), which features both Sb(III) and Sb(V). Unlike oxides of phosphorus and arsenic, these oxides are amphoteric, do not form well-defined oxoacids, and react with acids to form antimony salts. (wikipedia.org)
and he speaks highly of a combination with arsenic acid- the arseniate of antimony - which he administers in the form of vapor from a cigarette (Practitioner, vol. iv. (chestofbooks.com)
Chemistry of arsenic, antimony, and bismuth. (wikipedia.org)
ingestion of antimony compounds, and rarely industrial exposure to them, may produce symptoms similar to those of acute arsenic poisoning. (thefreedictionary.com)
Arsenic, antimony, and thallium are important examples of such toxic elements. (hindawi.com)
In view of their importance, the present work overviews and discusses different hyphenated techniques used for arsenic, antimony, and thallium species analysis, in different clinical, environmental and food matrices. (hindawi.com)
Aqua regia digestion can result in the partial loss of volatile arsenic and antimony. (kbt.co.za)
The Chemistry of Arsenic, Antimony and Bismuth Edition by J. D. Smith and Publisher Pergamon. (vitalsource.com)

Compounds that don't dissolve easily, like antimony trioxide, will stay in the lungs longer where they can damage the lungs. (cdc.gov)
Lung cancer was found in some studies of rats that breathed high levels of antimony trioxide. (cdc.gov)
The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) considers antimony trioxide to be reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen (causing cancer in people). (cdc.gov)
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has determined that antimony trioxide is possibly carcinogenic to humans and that antimony trisulfide is not classifiable. (cdc.gov)
In addition antimony trioxide is possibly carcinogenic to humans. (mdpi.com)
Antimony trifluoride, SbF 3, is obtained by dissolving the trioxide in aqueous hydrofluoric acid or by distilling antimony with mercuric fluoride. (factbites.com)
Antimony is stable in air at room temperature, but reacts with oxygen if heated to produce antimony trioxide, Sb2O3. (wikipedia.org)
Antimony trioxide is formed when antimony is burnt in air. (wikipedia.org)
It can be prepared by dissolving antimony, antimony trioxide, antimony trisulfide or antimony oxychloride in hot, concentrated sulfuric acid. (wikipedia.org)
Increased demand for antimony trioxide (ATO) in flame retardant and plastic additives application is driving the demand for antimony, globally. (marketsandmarkets.com)
Chemical compounds based on antimony are used as pigments - one of them, antimony trioxide is also used as a flame retardant in textiles and plastics. (ewg.org)
The state of California lists antimony trioxide as a chemical known to cause cancer. (ewg.org)
Antimony trioxide is a known carcinogen. (ewg.org)
This risk assessment of antimony trioxide focused on ecological risks from the use of ATO as a synergist in halogenated flame retardants. (epa.gov)
Depending on the temperature of the run, antimony trioxide, microcrystaline elemental antimony , or their mixture was obtained. (thefreedictionary.com)
The majority of antimony is consumed in the production of antimony trioxide (ATO), a compound used in flame-retardant materials. (earthmagazine.org)
Three doses of each chemical (400, 666.67, and 1000 mg/kg body wt), corresponding to 1/50, 1/30, and 1/20 of oral LD 50 of antimony trioxide, were fed daily to sets of mice up to 21 d. (springer.com)
Antimony trioxide Sb2O3 is one of the most important antimony compounds which has a large number of industrial applications. (thefreedictionary.com)

Antimony oxide is an antimony compound that is added to textiles and plastics to prevent them from catching fire. (cdc.gov)
OTOH, if antimony oxide cannot be reduced with carbon at temperatures attainable with charcoal and a forced air supply, I could halve the cost of my order. (factbites.com)
Antimony ores are mined and then mixed with other metals to form antimony alloys or combined with oxygen to form antimony oxide. (cdc.gov)
Grades of antimony oxide include high-tint TMS, low-tint Trutint and submicron Microfine. (thefreedictionary.com)
However, several articles have reported that an antagonistic effect has been seen with the use of phosphate esters and antimony oxide. (thefreedictionary.com)
Phosphate ester plasticizers and antimony oxide: how flame retardant are they in PVC? (thefreedictionary.com)
May release toxic fumes of antimony oxide or stibine gas under fire conditions. (espimetals.com)
2019-7-21 · Antimony (III) oxide is the (III) oxide or metallic antimony from material. (kbt.co.za)
May release antimony oxide fume if involved in a fire. (espimetals.com)
Nevertheless, from the perspective of antimony price tendency in China, since August 2013, although the overall transaction situation was still quite ordinary, affected by the rising procurement prices of large companies in China, the prices of 2#antimony ingot and antimony oxide 99.5% have witnessed slow ascending. (prweb.com)
Chenzhou Mining ranks 2nd around the globe by output of antimony oxide, and possesses 20 kt/a refined antimony smelting and 20 kt/a multi-variety antimony oxide production capacity. (prweb.com)
The trihalides are formed by reacting antimony, antimony(III) oxide or antimony(III) sulfide with hydrohalic acids, in inert conditions. (sciencemadness.org)
was professional and depth research report on Global Antimony Tin Oxide (ATO) industry. (cnbc.com)
This report introduced Antimony Tin Oxide (ATO) new project SWOT analysis Investment feasibility analysis investment return analysis and also give related research conclusions and development trend analysis on Global Antimony Tin Oxide (ATO) industry. (cnbc.com)
And thanks to the support and assistance from Antimony Tin Oxide (ATO) industry chain related technical experts and marketing engineers during Research Team survey and interviews. (cnbc.com)

Workers may be harmed from exposure to antimony and its compounds. (cdc.gov)
Antimony pentachloride is used as a polymerization catalyst and for the chlorination of organic compounds. (wikipedia.org)
In the environment, antimony metal is found combined with other substances to form antimony compounds that can be found in ores (rocks found in nature with minerals in them). (cdc.gov)
Most of the available health effects data are for trivalent antimony compounds which appear to be more harmful than pentavalent antimony compounds. (cdc.gov)
If you have been exposed to a significant amount of antimony and compounds, call your doctor or nurse. (cdc.gov)
In the same century, a book summarizing available knowledge of antimony and its compounds was purportedly written by a Basil Valentine, allegedly a Benedictine monk of the 15th century, whose name appears on chemical writings over a span of two centuries. (britannica.com)
Highly purified antimony is used in semiconductor technology to prepare the intermetallic compounds indium , aluminum , and gallium antimonide for diodes and infrared detectors. (britannica.com)
intermetallic compounds of antimony such as aluminum antimonide, gallium antimonide, and indium antimonide are used for thermoelectric devices such as infrared detectors and diodes. (factbites.com)
Antimony compounds have been known since ancient times and were powdered for use as medicine and cosmetics, often known by the Arabic name kohl. (wikipedia.org)
For some time, China has been the largest producer of antimony and its compounds, with most production coming from the Xikuangshan Mine in Hunan. (wikipedia.org)
Antimony compounds are prominent additives for chlorine and bromine-containing fire retardants found in many commercial and domestic products. (wikipedia.org)
Antimony compounds are often classified according to their oxidation state: Sb(III) and Sb(V). The +5 oxidation state is more stable. (wikipedia.org)
Antimony sulfate, Sb2(SO4)3, is a hygroscopic salt formed by reacting antimony or its compounds with hot sulfuric acid. (wikipedia.org)
1985) Antimony and antimony compounds in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 5th ed., vol. (wikipedia.org)
Antimony compounds are used in the treatment of filariasis, leishmaniasis, and other parasitic diseases. (thefreedictionary.com)
Trivalent and pentavalent antimony compounds are used in medicine as anti-infective agents in the treatment of tropical diseases, especially those of protozoan origin. (thefreedictionary.com)
All antimony compounds are potentially poisonous and must be used with caution. (thefreedictionary.com)
In Washington and Vermont, manufacturers must report antimony compounds in children's products and other chemicals of high priority to designated state departments. (ewg.org)
Consumers can search the state's online database of more than 2,500 products listed as containing antimony or antimony compounds. (ewg.org)
Kassab, and Doka) in Gadaref state, east- valent antimony compounds has not al- ern Sudan. (who.int)
Antimony compounds are easy to be hydrolyzed in aqueous solutions, which makes difficult to synthesize their complexes [23], so the study of antimony complexes is much less than that of transition metal and rare earth metal complexes. (thefreedictionary.com)
Organoantimony compounds are typically prepared by alkylation of antimony halides with Grignard reagents, in an aprotic solvent. (sciencemadness.org)
Upon coordination to antimony(III) the anti-trypanosomal activity of HQC and HQI increases, the highest improvement being observed for complex (3), which was the most active among all studied compounds against both epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. (nih.gov)
1)antimony (V) nitride 2)platinum (II) phosphide 3)mercury (I) arsenide 4)magnesium phosphate 5)barium acetate thank you so much in advance~~ :DDD Learn how to write the chemical formula of a variety of chemical compounds using the arms and link method. (anophthalmia.org)

Antimony ores are mined and then mixed with other metals to form antimony alloys, which are used in lead storage batteries, solder, sheet and pipe metal, bearings, castings, and pewter. (cdc.gov)
About half of this antimony is used metallurgically, principally in alloys. (britannica.com)
Even when added in minor quantities, antimony imparts strength and hardness to other metals, particularly lead, with which it forms alloys used in plates of automobile storage batteries, in bullets, in coverings for cables, and in chemical equipment such as tanks, pipes, and pumps. (britannica.com)
Combined with tin and lead, antimony forms antifriction alloys called babbitt metals that are used as components of machine bearings. (britannica.com)
With tin, antimony forms such alloys as britannia metal and pewter , used for utensils. (britannica.com)
Antimony is a naturally occurring metal that enters tap water from plumbing fittings and also from industrial uses, such as production of metal alloys, batteries and plastics. (ewg.org)
Alloys of lead and tin with antimony have improved properties for solders, bullets, and plain bearings. (wikipedia.org)
Among many different thermoelectric materials, bismuth antimony (Bi-Sb) alloys, known as the first topological insulator 5 , stood out as a promising cryogenic temperature TE material. (nature.com)
David Guberman, the antimony commodity specialist for the National Minerals Information Center at the U.S. Geological Survey , compiled the following information about antimony, widely used in alloys and in flame retardants. (earthmagazine.org)
Interface Promoted Reversible Mg Insertion in Nanostructured Tin-Antimony Alloys. (sigmaaldrich.com)

UKPID MONOGRAPH ANTIMONY (III) TRICHLORIDE SM Bradberry BSc MB MRCP WN Harrison PhD CChem MRSC ST Beer BSc JA Vale MD FRCP FRCPE FRCPG FFOM National Poisons Information Service (Birmingham Centre), West Midlands Poisons Unit, City Hospital NHS Trust, Dudley Road, Birmingham B18 7QH This monograph has been produced by staff of a National Poisons Information Service Centre in the United Kingdom. (inchem.org)
ANTIMONY TRICHLORIDE Toxbase summary Type of product Used as a chemical reagent and in veterinary practice. (inchem.org)
Toxicity Acute antimony trichloride poisoning is rare. (inchem.org)
Features Dermal - Antimony trichloride is irritating to the skin and may cause serious burns. (inchem.org)
Ingestion - Antimony trichloride ingestion will cause burning of the mouth and throat with retrosternal and abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. (inchem.org)
A rare explosive form of antimony can be formed from the electrolysis of antimony trichloride. (wikipedia.org)

Antimony sulfate is sometimes called a "salt" as it can be produced from the reaction of antimony and sulfuric acid, but antimony does not form a nitrate when dissolved in nitric acid, (an oxidising acid) but produces a mixture of antimony oxides, and this contrasts with bismuth which dissolves in both acids to form salts. (wikipedia.org)
Preparation and properties of reduced bismuth and antimony molybdenum oxides. (bell-labs.com)
Associated Minerals include stibnite , valentinite , and other antimony oxides. (galleries.com)
This market research report examines the foreign trade of Bulgaria and its perspectives on the global market for antimony oxides. (marketpublishers.com)
The report will be of considerable interest primarily to relevant strategic planners, senior company officials and importers/exporters, since it features invaluable information on antimony oxides export/import operations in Bulgaria. (marketpublishers.com)
The report studies how Bulgaria behaves on the global market for antimony oxides. (marketpublishers.com)
It also assesses the dynamics of country's foreign trade in antimony oxides in 2006-2016. (marketpublishers.com)
The report indicates major suppliers and consumers of antimony oxides in Bulgaria. (marketpublishers.com)
The final chapter provides in-depth analysis of prospects for the country's foreign trade in antimony oxides, as well the forecast for the development of the market for antimony oxides up to 2021. (marketpublishers.com)
We present average price forecast for antimony oxides. (marketpublishers.com)

The ancients were familiar with antimony both as a metal and in its sulfide form. (britannica.com)
The Old Testament tells of Queen Jezebel using the naturally occurring sulfide of antimony to beautify her eyes. (britannica.com)
Pliny, during the 1st century ad , wrote of seven different medicinal remedies using stibium or antimony sulfide. (britannica.com)
Antimony is sometimes found natively (e.g. on Antimony Peak), but more frequently it is found in the sulfide stibnite (Sb2S3) which is the predominant ore mineral. (wikipedia.org)
Antimony is a chemical element and a lustrous gray metalloid and is found in nature mainly as the sulfide mineral stibnite. (thefreedictionary.com)
Antimony tends to concentrate in sulfide ores along with copper, lead and silver. (earthmagazine.org)
Actually both senarmontite and valentinite are oxidation products of the antimony sulfide. (galleries.com)

Although several reports have been concerned with solution chemistry synthesis of semimetal bismuth and antimony nanocrystals, the synthesis of Bi tubular arrays and flower-shaped crystals and Sb nanobowls, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported in the literature. (hindawi.com)
Herein we extend this hydrothermal method to the synthesis of semimetal bismuth and antimony films with hierarchical structures. (hindawi.com)
Bismuth-antimony (Bi-Sb) alloy is a promising material for thermoelectric cooling. (nature.com)
Comparison of the clastogenic effects of antimony and bismuth used as trioxides, when administered orally by gavaging to laboratory bred male mice, showed that the former was more strongly clastogenic than the latter. (springer.com)

Useful search terms for antimony include "antimony metal," "antimony powder," and "stibium. (cdc.gov)
Antimony is a chemical element with the symbol Sb (from Latin: stibium) and atomic number 51. (wikipedia.org)
In the early 18th century, Jöns Jakob Berzelius chose the periodic symbol for antimony (Sb) based on stibium, which is the Latin name for stibnite. (earthmagazine.org)

You can also be exposed to very low levels of antimony in air. (cdc.gov)
Drinking water from some plastic water bottles may contain higher levels of antimony, but these levels are not known to cause health effects. (cdc.gov)
Higher levels of antimony may be found near waste sites or industries that process or release it, such as smelters, coal-fired plants, and garbage incinerators. (cdc.gov)
The levels of antimony found in the environment are lower than levels known to cause health problems. (cdc.gov)
Studies in workers, who are typically exposed to higher levels of antimony, show that breathing antimony dust can cause heart and lung problems, stomach pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach ulcers. (cdc.gov)
Studies in lab animals breathing high levels of antimony have reported lung and heart damage. (cdc.gov)
Breathing high levels of antimony for a long time can irritate the eyes and lungs, and can cause problems with the lungs, heart, and stomach. (cdc.gov)
In polluted areas containing high levels of antimony, it may be found in the air, water, and soil. (cdc.gov)
In short-term studies, animals that breathed very high levels of antimony died. (cdc.gov)
In long-term studies, animals that breathed very low levels of antimony had eye irritation, hair loss, lung damage, and heart problems. (cdc.gov)
In animal studies, problems with fertility have been seen when rats breathed very high levels of antimony for a few months. (cdc.gov)
An analysis of a pipe fragment from Pompeii revealed the presence of high levels of antimony, an element that can cause vomiting, diarrhea and even organ damage at high enough concentrations. (discovermagazine.com)
My questions is how do they know that the levels of antimony is the same as during the time of Pompeii? (discovermagazine.com)
Canadians may be exposed to the 11 antimony-containing substances, which include both trivalent and pentavalent forms of antimony, as they contribute to levels of antimony in environmental media, food, drinking water and/or products available to consumers. (canada.ca)

Antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) is used as a lubricant in friction material. (lu.se)
article{618e5854-5060-4009-8def-e2f021b73860, abstract = {Antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) is used as a lubricant in friction material. (lu.se)

However, there are companies in the United States that produce antimony as a by-product of smelting lead and other metals. (cdc.gov)
In June 2017, Tri-Star Resources Plc along with Strategic & Precious Metals Processing LLC (SPMP) has signed a multi-year agreement with Traxys Europe SA to supply antimony and antimony gold concentrates to its Oman Antimony Roaster. (marketsandmarkets.com)
In 2014, owing to supply constraints worldwide, the EU and the British Geological Survey listed Antimony at the top of the list for metals and minerals, thus identifying it as one of the most precious and scarce metals in the world. (pitchengine.com)
However, World War II era literature uncovered by Argonne indicated that calcium metal is an efficient scavenger for antimony (and probably other tramp metals) from molten aluminum. (thefreedictionary.com)
The Company's main supplier of antimony and precious metals for processing in Montana has begun to significantly increase its feed in Q4 and will continue through 2013 and 2014. (thefreedictionary.com)
Compared with metals, antimony is a poor conductor of electricity and heat. (earthmagazine.org)
Strategic Precious Metals Processing (SPMP) contracted WorleyParsons Oman Engi- neering, with support from WorleyParsons RSA, to execute the en- gineering, procurement and construction management (EPCM) for the world's first world's first major antimony roaster outside of China in decades, designed to modern environmental standards. (thefreedictionary.com)
In order to expand its nonferrous resources, the company held controlling equity in Hunan Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd. in 2010, becoming one of the antimony producers with the largest output and trading volume. (prweb.com)

High-grade or enriched stibnite reacts directly with scrap iron in the molten state, liberating antimony metal. (britannica.com)
The industrial methods for refining antimony are roasting and reduction with carbon or direct reduction of stibnite with iron. (wikipedia.org)
USGS contractor Shyla Hatch takes a strike/dip reading on foliated rocks within the antimony-gold deposits near Stibnite, ID. (usgs.gov)
Stibnite is a principal ore of antimony. (earthmagazine.org)
he described the extraction of metallic antimony from stibnite in his treatise "The Triumphal Chariot of Antimony," published sometime between 1350 and 1600. (earthmagazine.org)
The principal ore minerals of antimony are stibnite and jamesonite, but it can also be a byproduct of certain other minerals. (earthmagazine.org)
One company began mining stibnite ore for upgrade and sale at a restarted antimony mine in Nevada, and was in the process of acquiring a mill to process the ore and produce marketable antimony concentrate. (earthmagazine.org)
Some of the finest stibiconites, producing wonderful pseudomorphs, occur in a few new antimony mines that have yet to produce any unaltered stibnite clusters. (galleries.com)
The problem discussed in this antimony process study is limited to a concentrator capable of beneficiating 150 tons per day of antimony ore.The antimony in this study occurs as the mineral stibnite (Sb2S3) in association with small amounts of pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena and lead sulfantimonides. (kbt.co.za)

The U.S. relies heavily on imports from China, which dominates global mine production of antimony ores and concentrates and which restricts the amount of antimony produced and exported annually. (earthmagazine.org)
In this paper, the authors present a combination of methods that, ultimately, allows them to calculate the speciation of Sb(III) and Sb(V). The first method is used to determine the total amount of antimony in solution. (rsc.org)

The name antimony appears to be derived from the Latin antimonium , in a translation of a work by the alchemist Geber, but its real origin is uncertain. (britannica.com)
The name antimony was derived from the Greek words, "anti," meaning not, and "monos," meaning alone, because antimony is normally found in complex ore bodies. (earthmagazine.org)
Name: Antimony Symbol: Sb Atomic Number: 51 Atomic Mass: 121.76 amu Melting Point: 630.0 °C (903.15 K, 1166.0 °F) Boiling Point: 1750.0 °C (2023.15 K, 3182.0 °F) Number of Protons/Electrons: 51 Number of Neutrons: 71 Classification: Metalloid Crystal Structure: Rhombohedral Density @ 293 K: 6.684 g/cm 3 Color: bluish â ¦ To balance a chemical equation, enter an equation of a chemical reaction and press the Balance button. (anophthalmia.org)

Another research titledGlobal and Chinese Antimony Pentafluoride (CAS 7783-70-2) Industry, 2015 Market Research Report is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the global Antimony Pentafluoride industry with a focus on the Chinese market. (thefreedictionary.com)
Global Antimony Market 2015-2019 is a new market research publication announced by Reportstack. (pitchengine.com)
The analysts forecast that the Global Antimony Market to grow at a CAGR of 5.03 percent over the period 2014-2019. (pitchengine.com)
To view the table of contents and know more details, please visit Global Antimony Market 2015-2019 . (pitchengine.com)
The Global Antimony market can be divided on the basis of Applications into the following segments: Fire Retarding Agent, Lead Batteries, Alloy-strengthening Agent, Catalyst, Ceramics, and Others. (pitchengine.com)
The report, the Global Antimony Market, has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis, with inputs from industry experts. (pitchengine.com)
It also covers the Global Antimony Market landscape and its growth prospects in the coming years. (pitchengine.com)
Global antimony prices continue to trend lower as oversupply and weaker demand set hold. (crugroup.com)
Since 2012, the global antimony price has been sluggish, mainly affected by the descending of antimony price in Europe. (prweb.com)
Under the background of weak antimony market demand in Europe and America, China has become the main force stimulating the growth of global antimony market demand, and the rebounding of downstream fire retardant and storage battery market is the main factor affecting the antimony market in China. (prweb.com)

Six parasites ont montré une résistance in vitro au stibogluconate de sodium en utilisant le test de détection des amastigotes dans les macrophages J774 murins. (who.int)

Spectrum™ Antimony Potassium Tartrate, Powder, USP is also referred to as emetic tartar. (fishersci.com)
One hundred years ago, John Brian Christopherson (1868-1955) discovered that antimony potassium tartrate ( Figure ) was an effective treatment against schistosomiasis. (cdc.gov)
Antimony potassium tartrate remained the treatment of choice for schistosomiasis until the development of praziquantel in the 1980s. (cdc.gov)
Antimony Potassium Tartrate" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Antimony Potassium Tartrate" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Antimony Potassium Tartrate" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Antimony Potassium Tartrate" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)

in Canada it's 6000) "It's increasing over time because (the plastic) is leaching chemicals," said Shotyk in an interview during a recent visit to Ottawa, where he lectured on his findings.Antimony, beloved of alchemists , is a white metallic element that in small doses can cause nausea, dizziness and depression. (treehugger.com)
Studies have shown that antimony can leach into food from plastic packaging, but there's little information about children's products, so consumers need to know what products contain potentially hazardous chemicals. (ewg.org)
No other information on the hazardous effects of antimony pentoxide could be found, but as with all chemicals the possibility exists for eye, skin and/or lung irritation. (espimetals.com)

Small deposits of native metal have been found, but most antimony occurs in the form of more than 100 different minerals. (britannica.com)
For the abundant of antimony minerals in SouthAfrica, antimony mining plant in SouthAfrica is very popular. (kbt.co.za)

Pseudo-Outbreak of Antimony Toxicity in Firefighters, Florida, 2009 -MMWR Vol. 58, No. 46. (cdc.gov)
Industrial antimony toxicity from gaseous stibine (SbH3) or ingestion of antimony materials is uncommon. (healthy.net)
Antimony toxicity occurs either due to occupational exposure or during therapy. (mdpi.com)
Improvements in working conditions have remarkably decreased the incidence of antimony toxicity in the workplace. (mdpi.com)
Chakravarty, J. Antimony Toxicity. (mdpi.com)
Sundar S, Chakravarty J. Antimony Toxicity. (mdpi.com)
The legal limit for antimony, established in 1992, was based on a toxicity study in laboratory animals published in 1970. (ewg.org)

Antimony (Sb) , a metallic element belonging to the nitrogen group (Group 15 [Va] of the periodic table). (britannica.com)
Early writings of Dioscorides, dating from about the same time, mention metallic antimony. (britannica.com)
Metallic antimony was also known, but it was erroneously identified as lead upon its discovery. (wikipedia.org)
The largest applications for metallic antimony are an alloy with lead and tin and the lead antimony plates in lead-acid batteries. (wikipedia.org)
Four allotropes of antimony are known: a stable metallic form and three metastable forms (explosive, black and yellow). (wikipedia.org)
Formed upon rapid cooling of metallic antimony vapors. (sciencemadness.org)

Uses: A minor ore of antimony and as mineral specimens. (galleries.com)

Project objectives are to document the origin of the Yellow Pine gold-antimony deposit and, by extension, the origin of this deposit type. (usgs.gov)
There was also interest in exploring and mining the historic Yellow Pine Mine, a gold-antimony deposit in central Idaho, that produced antimony from the 1990s to 2001. (earthmagazine.org)

China, Japan and South Korea are the world's top antimony consumers. (reuters.com)
Eighty percent of the world's antimony is produced from two types of deposits - carbonate replacement deposits and gold-antimony epithermal deposits. (earthmagazine.org)
The SPMP plant is the largest antimony roaster outside of China and the world's first 'clean plant', designed to EU environmental standards. (thefreedictionary.com)
the antimony consumption approximated 82 kilotons, sharing 48% or so of world's total. (prweb.com)

Experts from leading companies manufacturing antimony have been interviewed to verify and collect critical information and to assess trends in the antimony market during the forecast period. (marketsandmarkets.com)

Antimony (Sb) is a silver-white brittle solid or a dark-gray, lustrous powder. (cdc.gov)
Antimony is nonmalleable, hard and brittle and can be crushed to a powder. (earthmagazine.org)

Elemental antimony is a brittle, silver-white shiny metalloid. (wikipedia.org)
Elemental antimony adopts a layered structure (space group R3m No. 166) in which layers consist of fused, ruffled, six-membered rings. (wikipedia.org)
Single Element Lumina hollow cathode lamp (HCL) for the detection of elemental Antimony (Sb). (perkinelmer.com)

Antimony pentoxide (Sb 4O 10) can be formed only by oxidation with concentrated nitric acid. (wikipedia.org)
Antimony pentoxide (Sb 4 O 10 ) cannot form by burning the element in open air, and is obtained by oxidizing antimony with concentrated nitric acid. (sciencemadness.org)

Antimony is a critical mineral commodity for advanced technological uses and the U.S. imports over 70% of antimony consumed domestically. (usgs.gov)
Archaeological and historical studies indicate that antimony and its mineral sulfides have been used by humans for at least six millennia. (earthmagazine.org)

The amount and the form of antimony in the food or water will affect how much antimony enters your blood. (cdc.gov)
The most stable form of antimony. (sciencemadness.org)

In formulations said to contain either 85 or 100 mg of Sb +5 /ml, we found both forms of antimony. (ajtmh.org)

The market for antimony has a diversified and established ecosystem comprising upstream players, such as raw material suppliers and downstream stakeholders, manufacturers, vendors, and end users of antimony, as well as various government organizations. (marketsandmarkets.com)
This report was created for strategic planners, international executives and import/export managers who are concerned with the market for antimony and articles thereof including waste and scrap. (bharatbook.com)
I have developed a methodology, based on macroeconomic and trade models, to estimate the market for antimony and articles thereof including waste and scrap for those countries serving the world market via exports or supplying from various countries via imports. (bharatbook.com)

Investigation on the pharmacological profile of antimony(III) complexes with hydroxyquinoline derivatives: anti-trypanosomal activity and cytotoxic. (nih.gov)

The report sheds light on the policy adjustment of antimony industry in China, production adjustment, purchasing and storage of main antimony producers based on an analysis of antimony supply & demand and price trend in China and around the globe. (prweb.com)

The abundance of antimony in the Earth's crust is estimated to be 0.2 to 0.5 parts per million, comparable to thallium at 0.5 parts per million and silver at 0.07 ppm. (wikipedia.org)

Polyus said it has already signed sales contracts for all of its 2018 production of antimony concentrate and is preparing to make its first delivery, to China. (reuters.com)
Global production of antimony was estimated at 150,000 tonnes in 2017, United States Geological Survey data shows. (reuters.com)
When operational, the 20,000-tonnes-per-annum capacity project will account for a significant chunk of total global production of antimony products and position the sultanate as a world-scale producer, it said. (thefreedictionary.com)

Apart from flame retardants, the other major applications of antimony are in lead batteries, as an alloy strengthening agent, a catalyst, and in ceramics. (pitchengine.com)

Leading players operating in the antimony market include AMG Advanced Metallurgical Group (Netherland), Mandalay Resources (Canada), United States Antimony Corporation (USAC) (US), Korea Zinc (South Korea), and Recyclex (France). (marketsandmarkets.com)

As might be guessed, stibiconite forms in the oxidation zone of antimony sulfides. (galleries.com)

Antimony is used today in car batteries, flame retardants and semiconducters. (discovermagazine.com)
Antimony is used for the production of flame retardants. (pitchengine.com)
More than 50 percent of the antimony consumed globally is thought to be used in flame retardants. (earthmagazine.org)

Antimony is a silvery-white metal that is found in the earth's crust. (cdc.gov)
Antimony is the 63rd-most abundant element in Earth's crust. (earthmagazine.org)

About half of all the antimony produced is reclaimed from scrap lead alloy from old batteries, to which antimony had been added to provide hardness . (britannica.com)
Antimony is also used as an alloy in solder. (britannica.com)
Eutectic Linotype bullet casting Alloy - 4% tin, 12% antimony, 84% lead - is quite hard and somewhat brittle. (discovermagazine.com)
A new material built from aluminum and antimony shows promise for next-generation data-storage devices A new, environmentally-friendly electronic alloy consisting of 50 aluminum atoms bound. (innovationtoronto.com)

Antimony pentoxide. (espimetals.com)
When heated to 700 °C (1,290 °F), the yellow hydrated pentoxide converts to an anhydrous white solid with the formula Sb 6 O 13, containing both antimony(III) and antimony(V). Use uppercase for the first character in the element and lowercase for the second character. (anophthalmia.org)

Antimony pentachloride is a chemical compound with the formula SbCl 5 . (wikipedia.org)
Antimony pentachloride hydrolyses to give hydrochloric acid and antimony oxychlorides . (wikipedia.org)
Antimony pentachloride is a highly corrosive substance that should be stored away from heat and moisture. (wikipedia.org)
Antimony pentachloride in Linstrom, Peter J. (wikipedia.org)

Antimony had been previously used against visceral leishmaniasis, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense , and yaws. (cdc.gov)
In Algeria, where antimony drug pressure is sought to be low, antimony-resistant Leishmania infantum strains have been repeatedly isolated from dogs ( 11 ), which serve as a main reservoir of visceral leishmaniasis. (asm.org)
Thus, we investigated in detail the development of antimony-resistant L. infantum parasites in Lutzomyia longipalpis and Phlebotomus perniciosus , two natural sand fly vectors of visceral leishmaniasis ( 20 ). (asm.org)

Il s'agit d'une source d'informations unique sur les substances chimiques fabriquées et importées en Europe. (europa.eu)
CEPA), the Minister of the Environment and the Minister of Health have conducted a screening assessment of 11 substances referred to collectively as the Antimony-containing Substances Group. (canada.ca)
Results from surveys under section 71 of CEPA indicate that the 11 antimony-containing substances in this group were manufactured or imported above reporting thresholds in either 2008 or 2011. (canada.ca)
The ecological risks of the 11 substances in the Antimony-containing Substances Group were characterized using the Ecological Risk Classification of Inorganic Substances (ERC-I). The ERC-I is a risk-based approach that employs multiple metrics considering both hazard and exposure in a weight of evidence. (canada.ca)
Exposure profiling considered two approaches: predictive modeling using a generic near-field exposure model for each substance, and an analysis of measured concentrations collected by federal and provincial water quality monitoring programs using antimony concentrations as a conservative indicator of exposure for the 11 substances. (canada.ca)
The ERC-I identified these 11 antimony-containing substances as having low ecological concern. (canada.ca)
Considering all available lines of evidence presented in this screening assessment, there is a low risk of harm to the environment from the 11 antimony-containing substances. (canada.ca)

The following resources provide information about occupational exposure to antimony. (cdc.gov)
Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure Standard for Antimony -DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 78-216. (cdc.gov)
Antimony can be measured in the urine, feces, and blood for several days after exposure. (cdc.gov)
Occupational exposure may cause respiratory irritation, pneumoconiosis, antimony spots on the skin and gastrointestinal symptoms. (mdpi.com)
Exposure to antimony occurs in the workplace or from skin contact with soil at hazardous waste sites. (cdc.gov)
Exposure to antimony at high levels can result in a variety of adverse health effects. (cdc.gov)

The quinoline derivatives and their antimony(III) complexes were evaluated for their anti-trypanosomal activity as well as for their cytotoxicity against HL-60 and Jurkat human leukemia cell lines. (nih.gov)

Polyus, controlled by the family of Russian tycoon Suleiman Kerimov, said it will produce the metal at its large Olimpiada gold deposit in Russia which has reserves of high-content antimony ore. (reuters.com)
The total amount of high content antimony ore to be mined at the Olimpiada deposit between 2017 and 2026 is estimated at 11 million tonnes. (reuters.com)

Liu and his team, postdoctoral fellow Long Cheng and graduate student Chenmu Zhang, outline their discovery that, in its 2D form, the chemical element antimony may serve as a suitable alternative to silicon. (nanowerk.com)

Liu has only demonstrated its potential through theoretical computational methods but is confident it can exhibit the same properties when tested with physical antimony samples, which is the team's next step. (nanowerk.com)

Chemical methods specific for the determination of the levels of trivalent antimony (Sb +3 ) and pentavalent antimony (Sb +5 ) were used to investigate proprietary formulas used to treat leishmaniasis. (ajtmh.org)
Trivalent antimony was determined by differential pulse polarography, whereas Sb +5 was determined by iodine titration. (ajtmh.org)

Antimony is probably only slightly toxic in human beings, though in rats it affects the heart and reduces the life span. (healthy.net)
William Shotyk, a Canadian scientist working at the University of Heidelberg, studied 132 brands of bottled water stored for six months, and found significant levels of the toxic metal antimony had leached out of the PET bottles into the water. (treehugger.com)
Antimony is toxic and several states have identified it as a safety concern for children's products. (ewg.org)
Antimony is a dangerous and toxic pollutant listed as a priority by the US Environmental Protection Agency. (rsc.org)

Moreover, the presence of antimony in type metal, which also includes lead and small amounts of tin , increases the hardness of the type and gives it a sharp definition. (britannica.com)

In May 2018, United States Antimony Corporation progressed on the construction of the leach plant for the Los Juarez gold-silver-antimony deposit in Queretaro, Mexico. (marketsandmarkets.com)

Antimony is a silvery gray metalloid. (sciencemadness.org)

Antimony is a lustrous, silvery, bluish white solid that is very brittle and has a flaky texture. (britannica.com)

Antimony is a lustrous silvery-white semimetal or metalloid. (earthmagazine.org)

Antimony is a member of group 15 of the periodic table, one of the elements called pnictogens, and has an electronegativity of 2.05. (wikipedia.org)
Antimony = â ¦ This is because antimony is in Group V of the periodic table. (anophthalmia.org)

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Overexpression of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1) in human heavy metal-selected tumor cells. (1/319)

Chemistry and toxicity of flame retardants for plastics. (2/319)

Asp45 is a Mg2+ ligand in the ArsA ATPase. (3/319)

Short report: improved diagnosis and follow-up of canine leishmaniasis using amastigote-based indirect immunofluorescence. (4/319)

High frequency of serious side effects from meglumine antimoniate given without an upper limit dose for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in human immunodeficiency virus type-1-infected patients. (5/319)

Roles of endogenous gamma interferon and macrophage microbicidal mechanisms in host response to chemotherapy in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. (6/319)

Ultrastructural histochemical alteration of the plasma membrane in chronic myelocytic leukemia. (7/319)

Concentrations of antimony in infants dying from SIDS and infants dying from other causes. (8/319)

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Overexpression of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1) in human heavy metal-selected tumor cells. (1/319)

Chemistry and toxicity of flame retardants for plastics. (2/319)

Asp45 is a Mg2+ ligand in the ArsA ATPase. (3/319)

Short report: improved diagnosis and follow-up of canine leishmaniasis using amastigote-based indirect immunofluorescence. (4/319)

High frequency of serious side effects from meglumine antimoniate given without an upper limit dose for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in human immunodeficiency virus type-1-infected patients. (5/319)

Roles of endogenous gamma interferon and macrophage microbicidal mechanisms in host response to chemotherapy in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. (6/319)

Ultrastructural histochemical alteration of the plasma membrane in chronic myelocytic leukemia. (7/319)

Concentrations of antimony in infants dying from SIDS and infants dying from other causes. (8/319)

Antimony legal definition of antimony

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