Antimicrobial cationic peptides. Medical search

Small cationic peptides that are an important component, in most species, of early innate and induced defenses against invading microbes. In animals they are found on mucosal surfaces, within phagocytic granules, and on the surface of the body. They are also found in insects and plants. Among others, this group includes the DEFENSINS, protegrins, tachyplesins, and thionins. They displace DIVALENT CATIONS from phosphate groups of MEMBRANE LIPIDS leading to disruption of the membrane.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

A class of antimicrobial peptides discovered in the skin of XENOPUS LAEVIS. They kill bacteria by permeabilizing cell membranes without exhibiting significant toxicity against mammalian cells.

A mixture of polymyxins B1 and B2, obtained from Bacillus polymyxa strains. They are basic polypeptides of about eight amino acids and have cationic detergent action on cell membranes. Polymyxin B is used for infections with gram-negative organisms, but may be neurotoxic and nephrotoxic.

Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

Family of antimicrobial peptides that have been identified in humans, animals, and plants. They are thought to play a role in host defenses against infections, inflammation, wound repair, and acquired immunity.

Substances that prevent infectious agents or organisms from spreading or kill infectious agents in order to prevent the spread of infection.

Positively charged atoms, radicals or groups of atoms which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.

Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).

DEFENSINS found mainly in epithelial cells.

A group of small, histidine-rich, cationic peptides in human SALIVA which are antibacterial and antifungal.

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A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.

"The business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature" (Webster's 3d). It includes the publisher, publication processes, editing and editors. Production may be by conventional printing methods or by electronic publishing.

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A type of scanning probe microscopy in which a probe systematically rides across the surface of a sample being scanned in a raster pattern. The vertical position is recorded as a spring attached to the probe rises and falls in response to peaks and valleys on the surface. These deflections produce a topographic map of the sample.

The development and use of techniques to study physical phenomena and construct structures in the nanoscale size range or smaller.

Antimicrobial cationic peptides with a highly conserved amino terminal cathelin-like domain and a more variable carboxy terminal domain. They are initially synthesized as preproproteins and then cleaved. They are expressed in many tissues of humans and localized to EPITHELIAL CELLS. They kill nonviral pathogens by forming pores in membranes.

A plant genus of the family STYRACACEAE. Sap of these Asian trees are a source of a balsam (BALSAMS). This styrax balsam is 3/4 coniferyl benzoate, 1/8 free BENZOIC ACID, along with benzyl cinnamate, vanillin, and TRITERPENES.

All of the divisions of the natural sciences dealing with the various aspects of the phenomena of life and vital processes. The concept includes anatomy and physiology, biochemistry and biophysics, and the biology of animals, plants, and microorganisms. It should be differentiated from BIOLOGY, one of its subdivisions, concerned specifically with the origin and life processes of living organisms.

Lists of persons or organizations, systematically arranged, usually in alphabetic or classed order, giving address, affiliations, etc., for individuals, and giving address, officers, functions, and similar data for organizations. (ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)

An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.

A species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS that is a spherical, non-motile, gram-positive, chemoorganotrophic, facultative anaerobe. Mainly found on the skin and mucous membrane of warm-blooded animals, it can be primary pathogen or secondary invader.

Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Range of activity and metabolic stability of synthetic antibacterial glycopeptides from insects. (1/2987)

Antibacterial glycopeptides isolated from insects are exciting bio-oligomers because they represent a family of compounds in which the structural and functional effects of incorporating short O-linked sugars to protein fragments can be studied. Additionally, their high activity in vitro warrants detailed further drug development efforts. Due to the limited availability of the isolated material, we used synthetic glycopeptides and some analogs to investigate the range of activity of drosocin and pyrrhocoricin. While addition of the Gal-GalNAc disaccharide to the natural mid-chain position generally increased the antibacterial activity of drosocin, pyrrhocoricin lacking sugar appeared to be more potent, with an IC50 against Escherichia coli D22 of 150 nM. Although glycosylated drosocin was active against E. coli in the low microM range in vitro, this peptide was completely inactive when injected into mice. The lack of in vivo activity of drosocin could be explained by the unusually high degradation rate of the peptides in mammalian sera. The early degradation products were inactive in vitro. In contrast, the peptides were considerably more stable in insect hemolymph, where their natural activity is manifested. (+info)

Biological properties of structurally related alpha-helical cationic antimicrobial peptides. (2/2987)

A series of alpha-helical cationic antimicrobial peptide variants with small amino acid changes was designed. Alterations in the charge, hydrophobicity, or length of the variant peptides did not improve the antimicrobial activity, and there was no statistically significant correlation between any of these factors and the MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, or Salmonella typhimurium. Individual peptides demonstrated synergy with conventional antibiotics against antibiotic-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa. The peptides varied considerably in the ability to bind E. coli O111:B4 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and this correlated significantly with their antimicrobial activity and ability to block LPS-stimulated tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 production. In general, the peptides studied here demonstrated a broad range of activities, including antimicrobial, antiendotoxin, and enhancer activities. (+info)

Inactivation of the dlt operon in Staphylococcus aureus confers sensitivity to defensins, protegrins, and other antimicrobial peptides. (3/2987)

Positively charged antimicrobial peptides with membrane-damaging activity are produced by animals and humans as components of their innate immunity against bacterial infections and also by many bacteria to inhibit competing microorganisms. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus xylosus, which tolerate high concentrations of several antimicrobial peptides, were mutagenized to identify genes responsible for this insensitivity. Several mutants with increased sensitivity were obtained, which exhibited an altered structure of teichoic acids, major components of the Gram-positive cell wall. The mutant teichoic acids lacked D-alanine, as a result of which the cells carried an increased negative surface charge. The mutant cells bound fewer anionic, but more positively charged proteins. They were sensitive to human defensin HNP1-3, animal-derived protegrins, tachyplesins, and magainin II, and to the bacteria-derived peptides gallidermin and nisin. The mutated genes shared sequence similarity with the dlt genes involved in the transfer of D-alanine into teichoic acids from other Gram-positive bacteria. Wild-type strains bearing additional copies of the dlt operon produced teichoic acids with higher amounts of D-alanine esters, bound cationic proteins less effectively and were less sensitive to antimicrobial peptides. We propose a role of the D-alanine-esterified teichoic acids which occur in many pathogenic bacteria in the protection against human and animal defense systems. (+info)

Recombinant bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI21) in combination with sulfadiazine is active against Toxoplasma gondii. (4/2987)

The activity of recombinant bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI21), alone or in combination with sulfadiazine, on the intracellular replication of Toxoplasma gondii was assessed in vitro and in mice with acute toxoplasmosis. rBPI21 markedly inhibited the intracellular growth of T. gondii in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs). Following 72 h of exposure, the 50% inhibitory concentration of rBPI21 for T. gondii was 2.6 micrograms/ml, whereas only slight cytotoxicity for HFF cells was observed at the concentrations tested. Subsequent mathematical analyses revealed that the combination of rBPI21 with sulfadiazine yielded slight to moderate synergistic effects against T. gondii in vitro. Infection of mice orally with C56 cysts or intraperitoneally (i.p.) with RH tachyzoites resulted in 100% mortality, whereas prolongation of the time to death or significant survival (P = 0.002) was noted for those animals treated with 5 to 20 mg of rBPI21 per kg of body weight per day. Treatment with rBPI21 in combination with sulfadiazine resulted in significant (P = 0.0001) survival of mice infected i.p. with tachyzoites but not of mice infected orally with T. gondii cysts. These results indicate that rBPI21 is active in vitro and in vivo against T. gondii and that its activity is significantly enhanced when it is used in combination with sulfadiazine. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the activity of rBPI21 against a protozoan parasite. (+info)

In vitro antibacterial properties of pexiganan, an analog of magainin. (5/2987)

Pexiganan, a 22-amino-acid antimicrobial peptide, is an analog of the magainin peptides isolated from the skin of the African clawed frog. Pexiganan exhibited in vitro broad-spectrum antibacterial activity when it was tested against 3,109 clinical isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative, anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. The pexiganan MIC at which 90% of isolates are inhibited (MIC90) was 32 micrograms/ml or less for Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus faecium, Corynebacterium spp., Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., Stenotrophomonas spp., certain species of the family Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroides spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., and Propionibacterium spp. Comparison of the MICs and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of pexiganan for 143 isolates representing 32 species demonstrated that for 92% of the isolates tested, MBCs were the same or within 1 twofold difference of the MICs, consistent with a bactericidal mechanism of action. Killing curve analysis showed that pexiganan killed Pseudomonas aeruginosa rapidly, with 10(6) organisms/ml eliminated within 20 min of treatment with 16 micrograms of pexiganan per ml. No evidence of cross-resistance to a number of other antibiotic classes was observed, as determined by the equivalence of the MIC50s and the MIC90s of pexiganan for strains resistant to oxacillin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, imipenem, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and clindamicin versus those for strains susceptible to these antimicrobial agents. Attempts to generate resistance in several bacterial species through repeated passage with subinhibitory concentrations of pexiganan were unsuccessful. In conclusion, pexiganan exhibits properties in vitro which make it an attractive candidate for development as a topical antimicrobial agent. (+info)

A gene encoding a hevein-like protein from elderberry fruits is homologous to PR-4 and class V chitinase genes. (6/2987)

We isolated SN-HLPf (Sambucus nigra hevein-like fruit protein), a hevein-like chitin-binding protein, from mature elderberry fruits. Cloning of the corresponding gene demonstrated that SN-HLPf is synthesized as a chimeric precursor consisting of an N-terminal chitin-binding domain corresponding to the mature elderberry protein and an unrelated C-terminal domain. Sequence comparisons indicated that the N-terminal domain of this precursor has high sequence similarity with the N-terminal domain of class I PR-4 (pathogenesis-related) proteins, whereas the C terminus is most closely related to that of class V chitinases. On the basis of these sequence homologies the gene encoding SN-HLPf can be considered a hybrid between a PR-4 and a class V chitinase gene. (+info)

Endocytosis of heparin-binding protein (CAP37) is essential for the enhancement of lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha production in human monocytes. (7/2987)

Heparin-binding protein (HBP), also known as CAP37, is a proteolytically inactive serine protease homologue that is released from activated granulocytes. However, HBP is not a biologically inactive molecule but rather a multifunctional protein with properties that include the enhancement of LPS-induced TNF-alpha production from monocytes. We have previously demonstrated that HBP is internalized in monocytes. In the current study, we hypothesize that HBP is internalized in monocytes via endocytosis, and this internalization is an important mechanism by which HBP enhances LPS-induced TNF-alpha release. Using whole blood from healthy donors and flow cytometry, we found that colchicine (0.1-10 mM), cytochalasin D (1000 microM), NH4Cl (10-50 mM), and bafilomycin A1 (0.1-3 microM) significantly reduced the affinity of FITC-HBP for CD14-positive monocytes. Using isolated human monocytes and ELISA, we found that colchicine (0.1 mM), cytochalasin D (30 and 300 microM), NH4Cl (30 mM), and bafilomycin A1 (1 microM) significantly reduced the effect of HBP (10 microg/ml) to enhance LPS (10 ng/ml)-induced TNF-alpha release after 24 h. These findings demonstrate that internalization of HBP in monocytes is essential for the enhancement of LPS-induced TNF-alpha release. Transport of HBP to an activating compartment depends on intact F-actin polymerization and endosomal acidification, an important mechanism for endosomal protein sorting and trafficking. (+info)

Transfer of a cathelicidin peptide antibiotic gene restores bacterial killing in a cystic fibrosis xenograft model. (8/2987)

Recent studies suggest that the gene defect in cystic fibrosis (CF) leads to a breach in innate immunity. We describe a novel genetic strategy for reversing the CF-specific defect of antimicrobial activity by transferring a gene encoding a secreted cathelicidin peptide antibiotic into the airway epithelium grown in a human bronchial xenograft model. The airway surface fluid (ASF) from CF xenografts failed to kill Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus. Partial reconstitution of CF transmembrane conductance regulator expression after adenovirus-mediated gene transfer restored the antimicrobial activity of ASF from CF xenografts to normal levels. Exposure of CF xenografts to an adenovirus expressing the human cathelicidin LL-37/hCAP-18 increased levels of this peptide in the ASF three- to fourfold above the normal concentrations, which were equivalent in ASF from CF and normal xenografts before gene transfer. The increase of LL-37 was sufficient to restore bacterial killing to normal levels. The data presented describe an alternative genetic approach to the treatment of CF based on enhanced expression of an endogenous antimicrobial peptide and provide strong evidence that expression of antimicrobial peptides indeed protects against bacterial infection. (+info)

... is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide. It falls under the structural class: short cationic peptides. Since it is a short ... April 2014). "Small cationic antimicrobial peptides delocalize peripheral membrane proteins". Proceedings of the National ... MP196 can be used as the key structure in order to develop any potential antimicrobial peptides which could help in fighting ... as this cationic peptide prefers incorporating into membranes which have a higher negatively charged phospholipid ratio. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP196

"Antibacterial Action of Structurally Diverse Cationic Peptides on Gram-Positive Bacteria". Antimicrobial Agents and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixation_(histology)

It is also 29% identical to the amino acid residues of the frog antimicrobial peptide dermaseptin. Oxyopinins 2a, 2b, 2c, and ... They are the largest linear cationic amphipathic peptides detected in the venom of any spider. They are structurally α-helical ... The sixth peptide oxyopinin 4a (Oxt-4a) was reported in 2011 from Oxyopes takobius. It is composed of 77 amino acid residues, ... The first five peptides, namely oxyopinins 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d, were described in 2002 from Oxyopes kitabensis. Oxyopinin 1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxyopinin

"Preparation and in Vitro Evaluation of New Composite Mesh Functionalized with Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide". Materials. 12 ( ... As a drug delivery system, a hernia mesh can be used to deliver antibiotics, antiseptics, antimicrobials, antimicrobial ... FDA Approved Antimicrobial Hernia Meshes MycroMesh and DualMesh Plus by GORE XenMatrix Surgical Graft by BD Ventrio Hernia ... Are antimicrobial biomaterials the longed-for solution?". Biomaterials. 167: 15-31. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.017. hdl ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgical_mesh

Cationic Antimicrobial Proteins', 'Neutrophil peptides', 'Gamma thionins' amongst others. Proteins called 'defensins' are not ... From this point of view, defensins (as well as antimicrobial peptides in general) are of great interest. It was shown that ... In this sense, the intestinal production of antimicrobial peptides as hBD2 and hBD4 by trefoil from milk might play an ... Wang YP, Lai R (February 2010). "[Insect antimicrobial peptides: structures, properties and gene regulation]". Dong Wu Xue Yan ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defensin

Antimicrobial peptide: Histones are conserved eukaryotic cationic proteins present in the cells and are involved in the ... Histone H2A variant is reported to be involved in host immune response by acting as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). H2A are α- ... "An unconventional antimicrobial protein histone from freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii: analysis of immune properties ... amphipathic protein with hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues on opposing sides that enhances the antimicrobial activity of H2A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H2A

Butelase 1 is the fastest peptide ligase known capable of catalyzing peptide cyclization at an extraordinary efficiency. Nguyen ... At a concentration of 1 μM, cationic cliotides are capable of augmenting the secretion of various cytokines and chemokines in ... Cliotides display in vitro antimicrobial activity against E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa and cytotoxicity against ... Cliotides are a group of related peptides that have been isolated from the heat-stable fraction of Clitoria ternatea (Cliotides ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliotide

... the host releases antimicrobial peptides as part of the innate immune response. Since OmpT can break down these antimicrobials ... but OmpT easily degrades the cationic protamine peptides, thus enhancing the risk of infection. There is a genetic link between ... Once docked in this position, water is positioned to attack the peptide in the active site. The cleavage of peptide bonds by ... "Identification of OmpT as the protease that hydrolyzes the antimicrobial peptide protamine before it enters growing cells of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OmpT

Some antimicrobial peptides in the venom of Mesobuthus eupeus; meucin-13 and meucin-18 have extensive cytolytic effects on ... "Characterization of two linear cationic antimalarial peptides in the scorpion Mesobuthus eupeus". Biochimie. 92 (4): 350-359. ... of two genetically related meucin peptides highlights evolutionary divergence and convergence in antimicrobial peptides". FASEB ... Short-chain scorpion toxins constitute the largest group of potassium (K+) channel-blocking peptides. An important ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_uses_of_scorpions

Toke, Orsolya (2005). "Antimicrobial peptides: new candidates in the fight against bacterial infections". Biopolymers. 80 (6): ... "Role of Cationic Side Chains in the Antimicrobial Activity of C18G". Molecules. 23 (2): 329. doi:10.3390/molecules23020329. PMC ... This pattern is especially common in antimicrobial peptides, and many models have been devised to describe how this relates to ... Common to many of them is that the hydrophobic face of the antimicrobial peptide forms pores in the plasma membrane after ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_helix

CAMP cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide".. *^ a b c d e Zanetti M (January 2004). "Cathelicidins, multifunctional peptides of ... "Cell differentiation is a key determinant of cathelicidin LL-37/human cationic antimicrobial protein 18 expression by human ... antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide. • cytolysis by host of symbiont cells. ... The cathelicidin family of peptides are classified as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The AMP family also includes the defensins ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathelicidin

Helical β-peptides mimic antimicrobial activities of host defense peptides.[62][63] [64][65] This feature requires the ... In the absence of linker, the cationic peptide can interact more efficient with the target cell and cellular uptake occurs ... "A Noncovalent Peptide-Based Strategy for Peptide and Short Interfering RNA Delivery". Handbook of Cell-Penetrating Peptides, ... Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that facilitate cellular intake/uptake of various molecular equipment (from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_penetrating_peptide

... s, or cationic steroid antimicrobials (CSAs), are synthetically-produced, small-molecule chemical compounds consisting ... While CSAs have a mechanism of action that is also seen in antimicrobial peptides, which form part of the body's innate immune ... Origins of Cell Selectivity of Cationic Steroid Antibiotics J. Am. Chem. Soc., 126(42), 13642 -13648, 2004. ... "Antibacterial properties of cationic steroid antibiotics". FEMS Microbiology Letters. Retrieved 2006-03-24 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceragenins

Using TAT-peptides, a cell-penetrating peptide, to functionalize the surface of cationic nanoparticles can further improve drug ... and endogenous antimicrobial properties. Silver cations released from silver nanoparticles can bind to the negatively charged ... Cationic nanoparticles (including cationic liposomes) are of interest for this mechanism, because their positive charges assist ... Lipoplexes can also be formed from cationic liposomes and DNA solutions, to yield transfection agents. Cationic liposomes cross ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoparticles_for_drug_delivery_to_the_brain

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2012.11.004. PMID 23159562. Yeung AT, Gellatly SL, Hancock RE (July 2011). "Multifunctional cationic ... Esculentin-2CHa is a peptide that belongs to the Esculentin-2 family, which is known for its broad-spectrum of antimicrobial ... Simmaco M, Mignogna G, Barra D, Bossa F (April 1994). "Antimicrobial peptides from skin secretions of Rana esculenta. Molecular ... Esculentin-2CHa (from Latin ēsculentus ("edible; nutritious; full of food")) is an antimicrobial peptide located outside the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esculentin-2CHa

Antimicrobial cationic peptides. *Cathelicidin. *Defensin. *Dermcidin. *Histatin (HTN1, HTN3). Other, human. *Perforin ... Histatins are antimicrobial proteins found in saliva.[1] Function[edit]. Histatins are antimicrobial and antifungal proteins, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histatin

antimicrobial humoral response. • antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide. • killing of cells ... 2006). "Cathepsin D is present in human eccrine sweat and involved in the postsecretory processing of the antimicrobial peptide ... 2005). "Deficiency of dermicidin-derived antimicrobial peptides in sweat of patients with atopic dermatitis correlates with an ... 2005). "Functional and structural characterization of recombinant dermicidin-1L, a human antimicrobial peptide". Biochem. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermcidin

Cationic Silver Nanoclusters as Potent Antimicrobials against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria' ACS Omega, 2018. 'Metal ... Rational and combinatorial design of peptide capping ligands for gold nanoparticles' JACS, 2004. 'Emulsion-templated gold beads ... "Cationic Silver Nanoclusters as Potent Antimicrobials against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria". ACS Omega. 3 (12): 16721-16727. ... "Rational and Combinatorial Design of Peptide Capping Ligands for Gold Nanoparticles". Journal of the American Chemical Society ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irshad_Hussain

Pretreating cells with bafilomycin before administration of a cationic drug can alter the kinetics of the cationic compound. In ... Mayers D (2008). Antimicrobial drug resistance handbook. Volume 2, Clinical and epidemiological aspects. Totowa, N.J.: Humana. ... decreasing the number of antigenic peptides digested and displayed to the immune system. In Lupus patients, the autophagy ... Trapping of the cationic compound also draws water into the lysosome through an osmotic effect, which can sometimes lead to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bafilomycin

Antimicrobial peptides: Granulocyte granule contents. Azurophilic granules (1°). *Myeloperoxidase. *Defensins. *neutral serine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dense_granule

Antimicrobial peptides: Granulocyte granule contents. Azurophilic granules (1°). *Myeloperoxidase. *Defensins. *neutral serine ... 1989). "Eosinophil cationic protein cDNA. Comparison with other toxic cationic proteins and ribonucleases". J. Immunol. 143 (3 ... It is closely related to the eosinophil cationic protein (RNASE3) from which it diverged ~50 million years ago after the split ... 1998). "Localization of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin and eosinophil cationic protein in neutrophilic leukocytes". J. Leukoc. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophil-derived_neurotoxin

... is a polycationic peptide and has both hydrophilic and lipophilic moieties.[citation needed] These cationic regions ... Pamp SJ, Gjermansen M, Johansen HK, Tolker-Nielsen T (2008). "Tolerance to the antimicrobial peptide colistin in Pseudomonas ... "Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 54 (1): 290-3. doi:10.1093/jac/dkh289. PMID 15190037.. ... The Société Française de Microbiologie [fr] uses a cut-off of 2 mg/l, whereas the British Society for Antimicrobial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colistin

Eosinophil Major basic protein Secretory pathway Peroxiredoxin Catalase Reactive oxygen species Antimicrobial peptides The ... One of the first aspects known of eosinophil peroxidase was that it was highly cationic, as indicated by its high isoelectric ... the cationic disruption of bacterial cell walls, and the post-translational modification of protein amino acid residues. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophil_peroxidase

Antimicrobial agents (Defensins and Eosinophil cationic protein) Enzymes Acid hydrolases: further digest bacteria Lysozyme: ... vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), TNF, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and ... Neutrophils have three strategies for directly attacking micro-organisms: phagocytosis (ingestion), release of soluble anti- ... Primary granules contain cationic proteins and defensins that are used to kill bacteria, proteolytic enzymes and cathepsin G to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granulocyte

Antimicrobial agents (Defensins and Eosinophil cationic protein). *Enzymes *Acid hydrolases: further digest bacteria ... vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), TNF, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and ... Neutrophils have three strategies for directly attacking micro-organisms: phagocytosis (ingestion), release of soluble anti- ... toxic basic protein and cationic protein (e.g., cathepsin[13]);[17] receptors that bind to IgE are used to help with this task. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granulocytopenia

Antimicrobial peptides are an evolutionarily conserved component of the innate immune response found among all classes of life ... can cause lysis of many Gram-positive bacteria by acting as a cationic detergent.[2] Many acute-phase proteins of inflammation ... Several species of insect produce antimicrobial peptides known as defensins and cecropins. ... In addition, some of the products of the coagulation system are directly antimicrobial. For example, beta-lysine, a protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

Cationic Antimicrobial Proteins', 'Neutrophil peptides', 'Gamma thionins' amongst others.[6] ... Wang YP, Lai R (February 2010). "[Insect antimicrobial peptides: structures, properties and gene regulation]". Dong Wu Xue Yan ... From this point of view, defensins (as well as antimicrobial peptides in general) are of great interest. It was shown that ... In this sense, the intestinal production of antimicrobial peptides as hBD2 and hBD4 by trefoil from milk might play an ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defensin

Cationic antimicrobial peptides are a novel type of antibiotic offering much potential in the treatment of microbial-related ... This article presents an updated review of how cationic antimicrobial peptides are able to affect bacterial killing, with a ... Alternative mechanisms of action of cationic antimicrobial peptides on bacteria.. Hale JD1, Hancock RE. ... While the dogma for the mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides against bacteria is believed to be through pore formation ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18039080?dopt=Abstract

The effectiveness of antimicrobial compounds can be easily screened, however their mechanism of action is much more difficult ... Nanomechanical response of bacterial cells to cationic antimicrobial peptides Shun Lu,a Grant Walters,a Richard Parga and John ... Nanomechanical response of bacterial cells to cationic antimicrobial peptides S. Lu, G. Walters, R. Parg and J. R. Dutcher, ... unique insight into the kinetics and mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides on bacteria. ...

http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2014/sm/c3sm52801d/unauth

... binding activities of an antimicrobial cationic peptide by C-terminal modification",. abstract = "Antimicrobial cationic ... binding activities of an antimicrobial cationic peptide by C-terminal modification. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 38( ... binding activities of an antimicrobial cationic peptide by C-terminal modification. In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. ... binding activities of an antimicrobial cationic peptide by C-terminal modification, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol ...

https://portal.sahmriresearch.org/en/publications/improvement-of-outer-membrane-permeabilizing-and-lipopolysacchari

... studies with several avian HDPs have led to identification of the peptide analogs with potential for use as antimicrobials and ... Besides classical β-defensins, a group of avian-specific β-defensin-related peptides, namely ovodefensins, exist with a ... are being actively investigated as a novel class of antimicrobials and vaccine adjuvants. Cathelicidins and β-defensins are two ... are an important first line of defense with antimicrobial and immunomoduatory properties. Because they act on the microbial ...

http://mdpi.com/1424-8247/7/3/220/htm

The peptides are non-glycosylated, less than about 100 amino acids in length, and include an amino acid sequence selected from ... Other antimicrobial peptides include the cyclic cationic peptides containing an intramolecular disulphide, for example ... A non-glycosylated, antimicrobial peptide conjugated to an acyl group, and wherein the peptide is selected from: a) a peptide ... as an antimicrobial peptide in Example 1.. B. Preparation of Antimicrobial Peptides from TCA-Soluble UF Whey Treated with ...

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7588752.html

Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMP) represent a conserved and highly effective component of innate immunity. During ... Regulation of Salmonella typhimurium virulence gene expression by cationic antimicrobial peptides.. Bader MW1, Navarre WW, ... indicating that the PhoP/PhoQ system can sense sublethal concentrations of cationic antimicrobial peptides. Growth of S. ... We further demonstrate that growth of S. typhimurium in low doses of the alpha-helical peptide C18G induces resistance to CAMP ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14507376?dopt=Abstract

... 0-9. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. ... Antimicrobial Medicines Consumption (‎AMC)‎ Network. AMC data 2011-2014 World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe ... This report sets out and analyses data on antimicrobial medicines consumption (‎AMC)‎ collected from non-European Union ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/107132/browse?authority=Antimicrobial+Cationic+Peptides&type=mesh

As such, there has been growing interest in cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) and their therapeutic applications. ... molecule antibiotics with favorable physicochemical properties to CAMPs could be a promising strategy for enhancing peptide ... As such, there has been growing interest in cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) and their therapeutic applications. ... peptide. ]. total. −. [. peptide. ]. PO4buffer. ). /. (. [. peptide. ]. PO4buffer. ). ). =. log. (. [. peptide. ]. octanol. /. ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2014.00071/full

Antimicrobial Medicines Consumption (‎AMC)‎ Network. AMC data 2011-2014 World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe ... This report sets out and analyses data on antimicrobial medicines consumption (‎AMC)‎ collected from non-European Union ... "Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides"浏览Publications. 0-9. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T. U. V. W. X. Y ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/107132/browse?locale-attribute=zh&authority=Antimicrobial+Cationic+Peptides&type=mesh

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) cannot only kill MDR bacteria, but also can be used synergistically with conventional antibiotics ... Single amino acid substitutions within the peptides can have a very strong effect on the ability to synergize, making it ... A high number of combinations between peptides and polymyxin B, erythromycin, and tetracycline were found to be synergistic. ... A high number of combinations between peptides and Polymyxin B, Erythromycin and Tetracycline were found to be synergistic. ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02740/full

... identification of new alternatives has increased interest in diverse populations of potent cationic... ... Enterococcus faecalis pediocin PA-1 cationic antimicrobial peptides resistance permeability barrier This is a preview of ... Peschel A, Sahl HG (2006) The co-evolution of host cationic antimicrobial peptides and microbial resistance. Nat Rev Microbiol ... McBride SM, Sonenshein AL (2011) The dlt operon confers resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides in Clostridium difficile ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13213-014-0912-1

Antiendotoxin activity of cationic peptide antimicrobial agents.. M Gough, R E Hancock, N M Kelly ... Antiendotoxin activity of cationic peptide antimicrobial agents. Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from ... We describe here two small cationic peptides, MBI-27 and MBI-28, which have both antiendotoxic and antibacterial activities in ... We had previously demonstrated that these peptides bind to LPS with an affinity equivalent to that of polymyxin B. Consistent ...

https://iai.asm.org/content/64/12/4922?ijkey=4d1c45e5b34e43d0e18385216dedf89ed4973051&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Strategies for Recombinant Expression of Small, Highly Disulphide- Bonded, Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides. Author(s): A. L. ... Title: Strategies for Recombinant Expression of Small, Highly Disulphide- Bonded, Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides ... Keywords:Disulphide bond, refolding, recombinant expression, antimicrobial peptide, inclusion body. Abstract: Expression of two ... Expression of two recombinant hepcidin homologues from Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, characterization of their antimicrobial ...

http://www.eurekaselect.com/83227/article

... polymerization for the harvest of low-abundance cationic antimicrobial peptides ... New core-shell hydrogel particles for the separation and discovery of cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs). Y. Zhu, P. Russo ... polymerization for the harvest of low-abundance cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) from complex biological samples, such ... These core-shell hydrogel particles were able to pull down cationic peptides from alligator serum spiked with known CAMPs, ...

http://www.techconnectworld.com/World2015/a.html?i=573

Collectins and cationic antimicrobial peptides are antimicrobial components of the pulmonary innate immune system produced by ... The purpose of this review is to discuss antimicrobial innate immune elements within the respiratory tract of healthy and ... Collectins and cationic antimicrobial peptides are antimicrobial components of the pulmonary innate immune system produced by ... Grubor, Branka; Meyerholz, David K.; and Ackermann, Mark R., "Collectins and cationic antimicrobial peptides of the respiratory ...

https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/vpath_pubs/32/

In this study, we designed a series of synthetic cationic hybrid antimicrobial peptides based on the peptide FV7 combined with ... In conclusion, we designed a series of synthetic cationic hybrid antimicrobial peptides based on the peptide FV7 combined with ... FV-LL Is the Optimal Hybrid Peptide Compared with the Parental Peptides and Other Peptides in the Antimicrobial Activities. The ... a series of effective hybrid cationic antimicrobial peptides were designed that combined the parental peptide FV7 with ...

http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/pmcc/articles/PMC5343874/

... biophysical and structural investigations on how these peptides interact with membranes can still bear surprises and add new ... Smart M, Rajagopal A, Liu WK, Ha BY (2017) Opposing effects of cationic antimicrobial peptides and divalent cations on ... Hadley EB, Hancock RE (2010) Strategies for the discovery and advancement of novel cationic antimicrobial peptides. Curr Top ... Aisenbrey C., Marquette A., Bechinger B. (2019) The Mechanisms of Action of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Refined by Novel ...

https://rd.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-13-3588-4_4

De Novo Generation of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides: Influence of Length and Tryptophan Substitution on Antimicrobial ... De Novo Generation of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides: Influence of Length and Tryptophan Substitution on Antimicrobial ... De Novo Generation of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides: Influence of Length and Tryptophan Substitution on Antimicrobial ... De Novo Generation of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides: Influence of Length and Tryptophan Substitution on Antimicrobial ...

https://aac.asm.org/content/49/1/316?ijkey=06266a89980a616429a30bf68b0e72d75c3c10ef&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

We recently reported that the human cationic antimicrobial protein hCAP18, the precursor of the antimicrobial peptide called LL ... The Human Cationic Antimicrobial Protein (hCAP18), a Peptide Antibiotic, Is Widely Expressed in Human Squamous Epithelia and ... The Human Cationic Antimicrobial Protein (hCAP18), a Peptide Antibiotic, Is Widely Expressed in Human Squamous Epithelia and ... The Human Cationic Antimicrobial Protein (hCAP18), a Peptide Antibiotic, Is Widely Expressed in Human Squamous Epithelia and ...

https://iai.asm.org/content/67/5/2561?ijkey=7f45c1178f8334d4650b16b8bf45ff50e970ab8d&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

... amphipathic antimicrobial peptides and peptoids, Scientific Reports" on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for ... "Intracellular biomass flocculation as a key mechanism of rapid bacterial killing by cationic, ... Mechanism of interaction of different classes of cationic antimicrobial peptides with planar bilayers and with the cytoplasmic ... The antimicrobial peptides lactoferricin B and magainin 2 cross over the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and reside in the ...

https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer_journal/intracellular-biomass-flocculation-as-a-key-mechanism-of-rapid-PbiUTLfII9

Linear cationic antimicrobial peptides are a diverse class of molecules that interact with a wide range of cell membranes. Many ... Lipid topology and electrostatic interactions underpin lytic activity of linear cationic antimicrobial peptides in membranes ... Lipid topology and electrostatic interactions underpin lytic activity of linear cationic antimicrobial peptides in membranes. ... We propose a topological model for linear antimicrobial peptide activity based on the increase in membrane strain caused by the ...

http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/145693/

Modified MIC Method for Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides. Modified MIC Method for Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Categorized: ... Cationic peptides bind polystyrene (especially "tissue culture treated" polystyrene).. *Sterile tubes (16 X 125 mm) containing ... Add 11 µl of 10x test peptide each well from column 1 to column 10 (column 11 is a control for bacteria alone, with no peptide ... Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Peptides. This method is based on the classical microtitre broth dilution recommended by the ...

http://cmdr.ubc.ca/bobh/method/modified-mic-method-for-cationic-antimicrobial-peptides/

... and some antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been found in the venom gland of scorpions. Therefore, the discovery of new anti- ... Scorpion venom is a source of bioactive peptides, ... Peptide Associated with Two Other New Cationic Antimicrobial ... Introduction: Scorpion venom is a source of bioactive peptides, and some antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been found in the ... Results: MeuVAP-6 and meuAP-18-1 are non-disulphide-bridged antimicrobial peptides, while meuPep34 is a cysteine-rich defensin- ...

http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1845&slc_lang=en&printcase=1&hbnr=1&hmb=1

Investigation of a novel artificial antimicrobial peptide by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy: An amphipathic cationic ... Investigation of a novel artificial antimicrobial peptide by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy: An amphipathic cationic ... The identification of the amphipathic cationic pattern as the mediator of selectivity and antimicrobial activity could be a ... Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) is used to study the interaction of a recently designed antimicrobial peptide, ...

http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/94085

The antimicrobial activity of these peptides has been studie... ... Many species of life contain cationic antimicrobial peptides as ... Such cationic antimicrobial peptides can also act in synergy with host molecules, such as other cationic peptides and proteins ... Many species of life contain cationic antimicrobial peptides as components of their immune systems. The antimicrobial activity ... Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Multifunctional Role in the Immune System. Monisha G. Scott Department of ...

http://www.dl.begellhouse.com/fr/journals/2ff21abf44b19838,17f890ef49d056ce,17938e4314593376.html?sgstd=1

Amphipathic Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides , Antimicrobial Peptides, Cationic , Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides , Cationic ... Antimicrobial Cationic , Peptides, Cationic Antimicrobial , Proteins, Microbicidal Cationic Definition Small cationic peptides ... Peptides, Antimicrobial , Cationic Proteins, Microbicidal , Microbicidal Cationic Proteins , Peptides, ... Chemicals ← Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ← Peptides ← Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides Top ↑ Descendants Antimicrobial ...

http://ctdbase.org/detail.go?type=chem&acc=D023181

... but is also surprisingly able to bind positively charged peptides. Understanding of how short cationic antimicrobial peptides ... The binding of a selection of short synthetic cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) to human albumin with binding affinities ... We suggest that albumin binding should be taken into careful consideration in antimicrobial peptide studies, as the systemic ... of albumin-peptide complexes reported here provide detailed insight into how albumin can bind short cationic peptides. The ...

https://bmcstructbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6807-14-4

Antimicrobial polymethacrylates synthesized as mimics of tryptophan-rich cationic peptides. In: ACS Macro Letters. 2014 ; Vol. ... Antimicrobial polymethacrylates synthesized as mimics of tryptophan-rich cationic peptides. ACS Macro Letters. 2014 Apr 15;3(4 ... Antimicrobial polymethacrylates synthesized as mimics of tryptophan-rich cationic peptides. Katherine E.S. Locock, Thomas D. ... Antimicrobial polymethacrylates synthesized as mimics of tryptophan-rich cationic peptides. / Locock, Katherine E.S.; Michl, ...

https://portal.sahmriresearch.org/en/publications/antimicrobial-polymethacrylates-synthesized-as-mimics-of-tryptoph

... Rodriguez, Carlos A.; Papanastasiou, ... As such, there has been growing interest in cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) and their therapeutic applications. ... Covalent modification of a ten-residue cationic antimicrobial peptide with levofloxacin. Login ... molecule antibiotics with favorable physicochemical properties to CAMPs could be a promising strategy for enhancing peptide ...

http://mars.gmu.edu/xmlui/handle/1920/9938

Characterization of chemoselective surface attachment of the cationic peptide melimine and its effects on antimicrobial ... Characterization of chemoselective surface attachment of the cationic peptide melimine and its effects on antimicrobial ... Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising alternatives to current treatments for bacterial infections. However, our ... Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising alternatives to current treatments for bacterial infections. However, our ...

https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/handle/10453/37804

MP196 is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide. It falls under the structural class: short cationic peptides. Since it is a short ... April 2014). "Small cationic antimicrobial peptides delocalize peripheral membrane proteins". Proceedings of the National ... MP196 can be used as the key structure in order to develop any potential antimicrobial peptides which could help in fighting ... as this cationic peptide prefers incorporating into membranes which have a higher negatively charged phospholipid ratio. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP196

Some naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides are lipidated and/or glycosylated and almost all antimicrobial peptides in ... 2020) The effect of lipidation and glycosylation on short cationic antimicrobial peptides. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA ... The effect of lipidation and glycosylation on short cationic antimicrobial peptides More search options... ... View statistics for "The effect of lipidation and glycosylation on short cationic antimicrobial peptides" ...

http://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/111714/

These reagents are chemically similar to the multi-basic peptides that are known to be potent proprotein convertase inhibitors ... Cationic cell-penetrating peptides have been widely used to enhance the intracellular delivery of various types of cargoes, ... Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / administration & dosage * Cell Line, Tumor * Cell Movement / drug effects ... Cationic Cell-Penetrating Peptides Are Potent Furin Inhibitors PLoS One. 2015 Jun 25;10(6):e0130417. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26110264/

Alternative mechanisms of action of cationic antimicrobial peptides on bacteria. (nih.gov)
While the dogma for the mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides against bacteria is believed to be through pore formation or membrane barrier disruption, some peptides clearly act differently and other intracellular target sites have been identified. (nih.gov)
In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of actions of melittin and two synthetic peptides, CEME (a cecropin-melittin hybrid) and CEMA, against gram-negative bacteria. (sahmriresearch.org)
All three peptides showed good antimicrobial activity against four different gram-negative bacteria, but only CEMA was able to somewhat augment the activity of some conventional antibiotics in synergy studies. (sahmriresearch.org)
Studies using the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae showed that the peptides all possessed the ability to permeabilize bacterial outer membranes to the hydrophobic fluorophor 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine and the protein lysozyme, with CEMA being the most active. (sahmriresearch.org)

The rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant microbes worldwide and the urgent need of new antimicrobial agents have stimulated interest in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as new therapeutics for treatment of infectious diseases. (avhandlingar.se)
Our AMPs have excellent antimicrobial activity and have no toxicity as measured by the most stringent test for hemolysis of human red blood cells (18 hours at 37 o C and up to 1000 µg/ml of AMP). (magnusgroup.org)

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , 38 (10), 2311-2316. (sahmriresearch.org)
Piers, KL, Brown, MH & Hancock, R 1994, ' Improvement of outer membrane-permeabilizing and lipopolysaccharide- binding activities of an antimicrobial cationic peptide by C-terminal modification ', Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol. 38, no. 10, pp. 2311-2316. (sahmriresearch.org)

Our results show that these compounds are the next generation of antimicrobials and will replace existing antibiotics as new therapeutics. (magnusgroup.org)
For antimicrobial assays select the most recent bacterial strains that are resistant to key antibiotics and not a few standard strains. (magnusgroup.org)

We investigate the biological function of small cationic host defense peptides (cathelicidins and defensins) secreted by white blood cells and the epithelial cells in mammals. (cobolab.com)

The audience will learn the process for de novo design of peptide therapeutics, the importance of perfecting the biological assays before implementing structure-function studies. (magnusgroup.org)

These data collectively indicated that these peptides all cross the outer membrane by the self-promoted uptake pathway and that CEMA is the peptide most effective at accessing this pathway. (sahmriresearch.org)

This protective group shows good stability to the reaction conditions used in solid phase peptide synthesis and can be incorporated into the peptide as Fmoc-Trp(Boc-Sar-Sar)-OH. (avhandlingar.se)
MUC2 Mucin and Butyrate Contribute to the Synthesis of the Antimicrobial Peptide Cathelicidin in Response to Entamoeba histolytica- and Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis. (cobolab.com)

Circulating immune cells , particularly neutrophils , also produce antimicrobial peptides. (dermnetnz.org)
Antimicrobial peptide production is induced by growth factors and circulating immune cells. (dermnetnz.org)
Inhibiting antimicrobial peptide complex formation could reduce immune activation in psoriasis. (dermnetnz.org)

The only human cathelicidin is LL-37 and is also known as cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide 18 kDa or CAP-18. (dermnetnz.org)
The cathelicidin LL-37 is usually broken down into small peptides with more antimicrobial and less inflammatory effects. (dermnetnz.org)

Though nature is restricted to using the amino acids Arg and Lys, a synthetic peptide approach has much more freedom with the use of unusual amino acids for positively charged amino acids e.g. (magnusgroup.org)

Are highly conserved (ie, antimicrobial peptide genes are found in multiple animal and plant species through geological time). (dermnetnz.org)

For example, higher concentrations of the antimicrobial peptide, psoriasin (also known as S100 calcium-binding protein A7 or S100A7), are found on the hands, feet, armpits, and scalp. (dermnetnz.org)

He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, the Vincent Du Vigneaud Award from the American Peptide Society for outstanding achievements in peptide/protein research and most recently the Bruce Merrifield Award for outstanding lifetime accomplishment in peptide research recognizing the highest level of scientific creativity in 2017. (magnusgroup.org)

Antimicrobial cationic peptides have been discovered in many different organisms and often possess a broad range of activity. (sahmriresearch.org)
Colonic MUC2 mucin regulates the expression and antimicrobial activity of β-defensin 2. (cobolab.com)

Vitamin D3 and enhanced antimicrobial peptide production on exposure to ultraviolet radiation could reduce infection and restore barrier function in atopic dermatitis . (dermnetnz.org)

The present thesis focuses on the vascular effects of antimicrobial peptides especially mechanisms involving the vasodilator nitric oxide (NO), which is released from the blood vessel wall during inflammatory conditions such as sepsis. (avhandlingar.se)

What is the therapeutic potential of antimicrobial peptides? (dermnetnz.org)

He has a broad background in synthetic peptide chemistry having trained with Dr. Bruce Merrifield at Rockefeller University, a Nobel Laureate who developed solid-phase peptide chemistry. (magnusgroup.org)
Dr. Hodges has successfully used this technology to study the structure and function of peptides and proteins, the feasibility of developing antimicrobial peptides with specificity for Gram-negative pathogens to developing synthetic peptide vaccines to α-helical B-cell epitopes in Type 1 fusion proteins of emerging and re-emerging viruses. (magnusgroup.org)

Understanding the molecular elements of antimicrobial peptides might lead to a better understanding of inflammatory skin disease and new treatments. (dermnetnz.org)

This article presents an updated review of how cationic antimicrobial peptides are able to affect bacterial killing, with a focus on internal targets. (nih.gov)
These peptides are thought to exert their antibacterial effect via mechanisms that at some level involve the targeting of anionic bacterial membranes through non-specific electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. (frontiersin.org)
Many compounds act by compromising the mechanical integrity of the bacterial cell envelope, and our study introduces an AFM-based creep deformation technique to evaluate changes in the time-dependent mechanical properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 bacterial cells upon exposure to two different but structurally related antimicrobial peptides. (rsc.org)
We observed a distinctive signature for the loss of integrity of the bacterial cell envelope following exposure to the peptides. (rsc.org)
Furthermore, fluorescent spectroscopy indicated that the hybrid peptide FV-LL exhibited marked membrane destruction by inducing outer and inner bacterial membrane permeabilization, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that FV-LL damaged membrane integrity by disrupting the bacterial membrane. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Bacterial killing assays and circular dichroism analyses reveal a strong correlation between antibacterial activity, peptide length, and propensity to form a helix in solvent mimicking the environment of a membrane. (asm.org)
Despite these peptides high potency and ability to evade acquired bacterial drug resistance, there is a lack of knowledge on their selectivity and activity mechanisms. (gla.ac.uk)
In this paper, we use a high-throughput microfluidic platform as a quantitative screen to assess peptide activity and selectivity by precisely controlling exposure to vesicles with lipid compositions that mimic both bacterial and mammalian cell membranes. (gla.ac.uk)
We also show the validity of the proposed model by investigating the activity of two prototypical linear cationic peptides: magainin 2 amide (which is selective for bacterial cells) and melittin (which targets both mammalian and bacterial cells indiscriminately). (gla.ac.uk)
It has been found that certain peptides are produced in large quantities at sites of infection/inflammation, and their expression can be induced by bacterial products such as endotoxic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). (begellhouse.com)
These peptides often have a high affinity for bacterial products, such as LPS, allowing them to modulate the host response and reduce the inflammatory response in sepsis. (begellhouse.com)
Differential scanning calorimetry results have shown that MP196 prefers incorporation into bacterial cell membranes over erythrocyte membranes, as this cationic peptide prefers incorporating into membranes which have a higher negatively charged phospholipid ratio. (wikipedia.org)
The global health threat surrounding bacterial resistance has resulted in antibiotic researchers shifting their focus away from 'traditional' antibiotics and concentrating on other antimicrobial agents, including antimicrobial peptides. (sgul.ac.uk)
The antimicrobial activity evaluation was done against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strains. (springer.com)
Some analogues of these nanoparticles cargoes showed significant antimicrobial activity against Gram positive and negative bacterial strains especially those cause brain infections with low MIC values. (springer.com)
The findings of this study revealed the improved antimicrobial activity of modified cationic TAT peptide nanoparticles against different bacterial strains. (springer.com)
Studies using the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae showed that the peptides all possessed the ability to permeabilize bacterial outer membranes to the hydrophobic fluorophor 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine and the protein lysozyme, with CEMA being the most active. (sahmriresearch.org)
This results show that FF/CAP18 is a potential antimicrobial agent for treating pan-drug-resistant bacterial infections. (jjmicrobiol.com)
Most AMPs display antimicrobial activity by disrupting the bacterial membrane. (nature.com)
The cationic charge of AMPs enables an electrostatic interaction with the negatively charged bacterial membrane. (nature.com)
Magainin 2 is pore-forming antimicrobial peptide on lipid matrix of bacterial membrane, secreted from the skin of the African clawed frog. (peptide.com)
Cyclic cystine-bridged peptides from the marine sponge Clathria basilana induce apoptosis in tumor cells and depolarize the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. (uni-tuebingen.de)
Evidence for the key role of cationic antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity includes mutations affecting the induction of antibacterial peptides which reduce survival in response to bacterial challenge. (jimmunol.org)
We identify clinically relevant multidrug-resistance mutations that increase bacterial sensitivity to antimicrobial peptides. (nature.com)
Andersson, D. I., Hughes, D. & Kubicek-Sutherland, J. Z. Mechanisms and consequences of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides. (nature.com)
In the literature, there is clear evidence that cationic antimicrobial peptides target the membrane of bacterial pathogens where they induce defects that will eventually kill bacteria by creating an electrochemical gradient imbalance. (springer.com)
These peptides are small (2 to 4 kDa) cationic molecules of various structural classes that bind to and permeabilize bacterial membranes. (asm.org)
Salmonella resistance to antimicrobial peptides is frequently mediated by modifications to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) component of the bacterial outer membrane. (asm.org)
While this has been effective for many bacterial infections, the current pandemic biotype is known to be resistant to these peptides, as compared to previous pandemic strains. (naturalnews.com)
The findings, announced online in the journal Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy and funded by the National Institutes of Health, provide a needed boost to the field of antibiotic development, which has been limited in the last four decades and outpaced by the rise of drug-resistant bacterial strains. (medicalxpress.com)
The team tested the two leading eCAPs against a natural antimicrobial peptide (LL37) and a standard antibiotic (colistin), the latter being used as a last-resort antibiotic against multidrug resistant bacterial infections. (medicalxpress.com)
The natural human antimicrobial peptide LL37 and the colistin drug each inhibited growth of about 50 percent of the clinical isolates, indicating a high level of bacterial resistance to these drugs. (medicalxpress.com)

Collectins and cationic antimicrobial peptides are antimicrobial components of the pulmonary innate immune system produced by respiratory epithelia, which have integral roles in host defense and inflammation in the lung. (iastate.edu)
FV7 (FRIRVRV-NH 2 ), a consensus amphiphilic sequence was identified as being analogous to host defense peptides. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Our finding that hCAP18 is widely produced in squamous epithelia suggests a role for this peptide in epithelial antimicrobial defense. (asm.org)
Barron, Annelise 2017-12-01 00:00:00 Many organisms rely on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as a first line of defense against pathogens. (deepdyve.com)
As part of the innate immune system in the skin, cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) such as the β-defensins and cathelicidin contribute to host cutaneous defense, which prevents harmful microorganisms, like S. aureus , from crossing epithelial barriers. (mdpi.com)
We will discuss the peptides (defensins, cathelicidins, RNase7, dermcidin) and other mediators (toll-like receptor, IL-1 and IL-17) that comprise the host defense against S. aureus skin infection, as well as the various mechanisms by which S. aureus evades host defenses. (mdpi.com)
The antibacterial peptide LL-37, an 18-kDa peptide with 37 amino acid residues, is the only member of the cathelicidin family identified in humans, and it plays an important role in the first line of immune defense ( 9 ). (jjmicrobiol.com)
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), known as host defense peptides, consist of short amino acid sequences containing both positively charged and hydrophobic amino acids 2 . (nature.com)
In the fruit fly Drosophila , peptides are recognized as the major form of defense against infection and are induced, in response to challenge by microbes or microbial signaling molecules like LPS, by a regulatory pathway similar to that used by the mammalian immune system (involving Toll receptors and the transcription factor NF-κB ( 11 ). (jimmunol.org)
In this study, we demonstrate that the release of antimicrobial proteins by neutrophils contribute to an early host defense against influenza virus infection in vitro as well as in vivo. (jimmunol.org)
The first evidence of antimicrobial defense engendered by leukotriene administration was presented by Demitsu et al. (jimmunol.org)
Host defense peptides (HDPs) are an important first line of defense with antimicrobial and immunomoduatory properties. (mdpi.com)
Host defense peptides (HDPs), also known as antimicrobial peptides, constitute a large group of small peptides that have been discovered in virtually all forms of life [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. (mdpi.com)
Cationic peptides produced by multicellular organisms are an evolutionarily ancient and rapidly mobilized primary defense against infections caused by a broad range of microbes ( 8 ). (asm.org)
Mimicry of Host-Defense Peptides by Unnatural Oligomers: Antimicrobial Beta-Peptides, J. Am. Chem. (patentgenius.com)
Antimicrobial peptides are an essential aspect of host innate immune defense and are produced by macrophages, neutrophils, and mucosal epithelial cells ( 18 ). (asm.org)
The host launches an antimicrobial defense program upon infection. (pnas.org)
It notes that while antimicrobials are used to treat infections, they are not the first line of defense for treating foodborne illness. (ebscohost.com)
These cationic peptides are considered to be the last line of defense for infections in humans. (cdc.gov)
Adjuvant composition comprising a host defense peptide, an immunostimulatory sequence and a polyanionic polymer. (ubc.ca)

The purpose of this review is to discuss antimicrobial innate immune elements within the respiratory tract of healthy and pneumonic lung with emphasis on hydrophilic surfactant proteins and β-defensins. (iastate.edu)
α- and β-defensins are small cationic peptides contained in the large granule subset of primary/azurophil granules (reviewed in Ref. 16 ) that exert antiviral activities against different enveloped viruses such as CMV, influenza, HSV-1 and -2, and vesicular stomatitis virus ( 17 ). (jimmunol.org)
Besides classical β-defensins, a group of avian-specific β-defensin-related peptides, namely ovodefensins, exist with a different six-cysteine motif. (mdpi.com)
Defensins are cationic, cysteine-rich peptides (Mr = 3500-4000) found in the cytoplasmic granules of neutrophils and macrophages. (pnas.org)
We report here that defensins form voltage-dependent, weakly anion-selective channels in planar lipid bilayer membranes, and we suggest that this channel-forming ability contributes to their antimicrobial properties observed in vitro. (pnas.org)

Salmonella PgtE expression promoted resistance to alpha-helical cationic antimicrobial peptides (α-CAMPs). (asm.org)

However, despite the identification or synthetic production of thousands of such peptides, the mode of action remains elusive, except for a few examples. (nih.gov)
pheromones, antibodies, synthetic polymers, and small molecule drugs to yield peptide constructs with improved antibacterial activity relative to their respective unmodified parent peptide variants ( Devocelle, 2012 ). (frontiersin.org)
Synthetic cationic hybrid peptides based on FV7 could provide new models for combining different functional domains and demonstrate effective avenues to screen for novel antimicrobial agents. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
The binding of a selection of short synthetic cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) to human albumin with binding affinities in the μM range is described. (biomedcentral.com)
MP196 is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide. (wikipedia.org)
Synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides are emerging as a promising class of compounds for antifungal treatment. (diva-portal.org)
In the current study, five synthetic cationic antimicrobial tripeptides were evaluated as antifungal therapeutics against 24 pathogenic strains of fungi. (diva-portal.org)
Additionally, LbpB provides protection against host and synthetic cationic antimicrobial peptides. (purdue.edu)
Postinfection Activity of Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides Against Stemphylium vesicarium in Pear. (peptide.com)
2019. Synthetic lugdunin analogues reveal essential structural motifs for antimicrobial action and proton translocation capability. (uni-tuebingen.de)
Dr. Montelaro and his colleagues developed a synthetic and more efficient version of this sequence - called engineered cationic antimicrobial peptides, or "eCAPs"-that can be chemically synthesized in a laboratory setting. (medicalxpress.com)
For this study, synthetic cationic antimicrobial peptides were produced. (allaboutfeed.net)

Hybrid peptides integrating different functional domains of peptides have many advantages, such as remarkable antimicrobial activity, lower hemolysis and ideal cell selectivity, compared with natural antimicrobial peptides. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
However, the effects of length and helicity on antimicrobial activity and selectivity have not been objectively evaluated in the context of this motif. (asm.org)
Further, WLBU2 displayed the highest antibacterial selectivity of all peptides evaluated in the present study by using a coculture model of P. aeruginosa and primary human skin fibroblasts. (asm.org)
Dathe M, Meyer J, Beyermann M, Maul B, Hoischen C, Bienert M. General aspects of peptide selectivity towards lipid bilayers and cell membranes studied by variation of the structural parameters of amphipathic helical model peptides. (springer.com)

Glycosylation decreased antimicrobial activity by 2 to 16-fold in comparison to A1, respectively on the sugar-peptide combination. (sgul.ac.uk)

hCAP18 belongs to the cathelicidin family of proteins characterized by a conserved cathelin proregion and a variable antibacterial peptide in the C-terminal domain. (asm.org)
Cationic cell-penetrating peptides have been widely used to enhance the intracellular delivery of various types of cargoes, such as drugs and proteins. (nih.gov)
Cationic antimicrobial peptides and proteins have historically been ascribed roles in innate immunity that infer killing of microbial and viral pathogens and protection of the host. (mdpi.com)
Understanding how virally enhancing peptides and proteins act to promote sexual transmission of HIV-1 would be important for the design of topical microbicides, mucosal vaccines, and other preventative measures. (mdpi.com)
Encapsulation of peptides and proteins remains an obstacle in drug nanoformulations. (biomedsearch.com)
Here, we established an alternative method to encapsulate peptides and proteins into polymersomes (POs). (biomedsearch.com)
These results indicated that the preparation of POs encapsulated with gelatin could be employed as an effective loading method for ionic peptides and proteins. (biomedsearch.com)
More particularly, the present invention relates to the preparation and use of certain mammalian cationic proteins for such treatment and diagnosis. (google.com)
This modification removes the positive charge on the N-terminal of peptides, thus mimicking natural proteins. (sigmaaldrich.com)
In recent years, many antimicrobial proteins have been discovered in animals, insects, and plants. (thefreelibrary.com)
These proteins are termed antimicrobial because they have an unusually broad spectrum of activity. (thefreelibrary.com)

We recently reported that the human cationic antimicrobial protein hCAP18, the precursor of the antimicrobial peptide called LL-37, is not expressed by normal human keratinocytes but is induced in various inflammatory skin disorders. (asm.org)

The spectrum of different amino acid side chain chemical properties affords a variety of peptide sequences to present a cationic amphipathic helical peptide. (asm.org)
The pseudins belong to the class of cationic, amphipathic-helical antimicrobial peptides [ PMID: 11689009 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
Mechanisms for the modulation of membrane bilayer properties by amphipathic helical peptides. (springer.com)

As a result, hundreds of different natural cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) with widely varying sequences have been described. (asm.org)

These peptides demonstrate broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and are essential elements of innate immunity in higher organisms. (frontiersin.org)
Two broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides NH2-RIRIRWIIR-CONH2 (A1) and NH2-KRRVRWIIW-CONH2 (B1) were conjugated via a linker, producing A2 and B2, to individual fatty acids of C8, C10, C12 and C14 and in addition, A2 was conjugated to either glucose, N-acetyl glucosamine, galactose, mannose, lactose or polyethylene glycol (PEG). (sgul.ac.uk)
Besides these properties, certain crucial factors such as size, charge, hydrophobicity, amphipathic stereo geometry, and peptide self-association to the biological membrane also attributes for their broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. (hindawi.com)
Cationic antimicrobial peptides have received increasing attention due to their broad spectrum activities and ability to combat multi drug resistant microbes. (springer.com)
Melectin showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity but low cytotoxicity and no hemolytic activity. (nature.com)

The 24-residue WLBU2 peptide was active at physiologic NaCl concentrations against Staphylococcus aureus and mucoid and nonmucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . (asm.org)
Antimicrobial activity against two Gram-positive strains (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE)) and three Gram-negative strains (Salmonella typhimurium, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were determined. (sgul.ac.uk)
We systematically addressed this question by studying the susceptibilities of a comprehensive set of 60 antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli strains towards 24 antimicrobial peptides. (nature.com)
Fig. 2: Survival of collateral-sensitive antibiotic-resistant strains under lethal antimicrobial peptide stress. (nature.com)
We assessed all 3 strains for the presence of the plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene and identified 1 isolate as mcr-1 -positive and co-resistant to β-lactam, florfenicol, and fluoroquinolone antimicrobial compounds. (cdc.gov)

Single amino acid substitutions within the peptides can have a very strong effect on the ability to synergize, making it possible to optimize future drugs toward synergistic interaction. (frontiersin.org)
Human being Neutrophil Peptides (HNP1-3) differ from each additional by LODENOSINE IC50 an In- airport terminal amino acid residue and were originally separated from azurophilic granules of neutrophils [12, 13]. (healthweeks.com)
The amino acid sequence of a Fluorescein labeled peptide for active site of (Na,K)-ATPase. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Therefore, mig - 14 contributes to Salmonella resistance to antimicrobial peptides by a mechanism that is not yet fully understood. (asm.org)

Zasloff M. Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms. (aaem.pl)

MeuVAP-6 and meuAP-18-1 are non-disulphide-bridged antimicrobial peptides, while meuPep34 is a cysteine-rich defensin-like peptide. (ac.ir)
It is a cysteine-rich peptide with a highly. (peptide.com)

We describe here two small cationic peptides, MBI-27 and MBI-28, which have both antiendotoxic and antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo in animal models. (asm.org)
Small cationic peptides that are an important component, in most species, of early innate and induced defenses against invading microbes. (ctdbase.org)

We explore the complexity of the lipid-peptide interactions governing membrane-disruptive behaviors and establish a link between peptide pore formation and both lipid-peptide charge and topological interactions. (gla.ac.uk)
We suggest that albumin binding should be taken into careful consideration in antimicrobial peptide studies, as the systemic distribution can be significantly affected by HSA interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
His primary research interest is in membrane biophysics, including peptide-membrane interactions and in-cell biophysics. (springer.com)
Therefore, to design more potent and selective antimicrobial peptides that are viable on a pharmacological point of view, a better understanding of the molecular determinants involved in the membrane interactions is required. (springer.com)
Exploiting the different NMR interactions, this technique has proven to be useful to provide information on the mutual interactions between membrane-active peptides and phospholipids with an atomic-scale resolution. (springer.com)
Model of peptide interactions with the lipid membrane compatible with data from oriented-sample solid-state NMR 31P spectra.The lipids are illustrated by circles with the radial line illustrating the orientation of the 31P head group. (nih.gov)

A high number of combinations between peptides and polymyxin B, erythromycin, and tetracycline were found to be synergistic. (frontiersin.org)
We had previously demonstrated that these peptides bind to LPS with an affinity equivalent to that of polymyxin B. Consistent with this, the peptides blocked the ability of LPS and intact cells to induce the endotoxic shock mediator, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), upon incubation with the RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line. (asm.org)
Some naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides are lipidated and/or glycosylated and almost all antimicrobial peptides in clinical use are either lipopeptides (Daptomycin and Polymyxin E and B) or glycopeptides (Vancomycin). (sgul.ac.uk)
These changes include addition of aminoarabinose and palmitate to the lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ( 16 , 19 , 21 ), which promotes resistance to polymyxin ( 15 , 19 ), alpha-helical antimicrobial peptides, and protegrin, a β-sheet antimicrobial peptide ( 21 ). (asm.org)
In addition, mig - 14 is strongly induced by polymyxin B, protamine, and the mammalian antimicrobial peptide protegrin-1. (asm.org)

Mimicry of bioactive peptides via non-natural, sequence-specific peptidomimetic oligomers. (patentgenius.com)

The molecular shape concept has been introduced to explain the effects of lipids and peptides on membrane morphology, locally and globally, and in particular of cationic amphipathic helices that partition into the membrane interface. (springer.com)
Molecular models of the complexes between the peptides and albumin were constructed using docking experiments, and support the binding hypothesis and confirm the overall binding affinities of the CAPs. (biomedcentral.com)
The molecular mass of the peptides was validated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) as explained [31]. (healthweeks.com)
The HIV-1 transactivating transcriptor (TAT) peptide is one of the most widely used molecular beacons for drug delivery. (springer.com)
Of particular interest to the present invention, a cationic protein having a molecular weight of approximately 16.6 kD has been identified in rabbit granulocytes. (google.com)

De Novo Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Antimicrobial B-Peptides. (patentgenius.com)
Peptide Mass Fingerprinting for identification and characterization of peptides. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Zasloff M. Magainins, a class of antimicrobial peptides from Xenopus skin: isolation, characterization of two active forms, and partial cDNA sequence of a precursor. (aaem.pl)

Gram-negative resistance to a variety of antimicrobial peptides has been correlated with modifications of lipopolysaccharide structure. (asm.org)

Susceptibility testing of Antimicrobials in liquid media. (ubc.ca)
They are included here in the hope that they will be used standardly by workers in the field for antimicrobial susceptibility testing to permit comparisons to be made between the data of different labs. (ubc.ca)
Indeed mutations of the Toll pathway of Drosophila that lead to decreased antifungal peptide gene expression result in increased susceptibility to lethal fungal infections ( 12 ). (jimmunol.org)
Harmonization of antimicrobial susceptibility testing breakpoints in Europe: implications for reporting intermediate susceptibility. (ebscohost.com)
The limitations in the use of peptides in the treatment of infections, such as susceptibility to proteolysis, and resistance of microorganisms to the peptides, are also discussed. (aaem.pl)
2 mg/L, which we interpreted as being colistin resistant based on breakpoint tables of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ( 12 ). (cdc.gov)

Fluorescent and biotinylated linear peptides as selective bifunctional ligands for V1a vasopressin receptor. (sigmaaldrich.com)

The most promising peptide, compound 5, was selected and evaluated as an antifungal remedy for Candida albicans candidiasis in a human skin model and for the treatment of Trichophyton rubrum induced onychomycosis in an infected human nail model. (diva-portal.org)
Dual function of a bee (Apis cerana) inhibitor cysteine knot peptide that acts as an antifungal peptide and insecticidal venom toxin. (peptide.com)

Material and methods Solid phase peptide synthesis Chemical synthesis of HD-5 was carried out as explained [31]. (healthweeks.com)
The cationic TAT peptides were synthesized by Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis and were purified by semi preparative RP-HPLC. (springer.com)
Soluble Non-Crosslinked Poly(Norbornene) Supports for Peptide Synthesis with Minimal Reagents Nimmashetti Naganna and Nandita Madhavan, J. Org. (peptide.com)
Design and synthesis of short antimicrobial peptides for plant protection. (aaem.pl)

The effectiveness of antimicrobial compounds can be easily screened, however their mechanism of action is much more difficult to determine. (rsc.org)
Advantages put forth for CAPs include their mechanism of action, in which the positively charged peptide disrupts the negatively charged microbial membrane ultimately leading to cessation of replication/death of the organism. (isciii.es)
In particular, the conformation of the peptides in addition to their location in the membrane is an important feature of the mechanism of action that needs to be addressed. (springer.com)
Figure 6 summarizes this interpretation of our observations in a sketch of the proposed mechanism of action of the two peptides. (nih.gov)

Antimicrobial peptides are diverse group of biologically active molecules with multidimensional properties. (hindawi.com)

Disclosed herein are acid addition salts of cationic steroidal antimicrobials ('CSAs' or 'ceragenins') and methods of making the same. (patents.com)
Antimicrobial peptides and methods of use. (ubc.ca)
Antimicrobial cationic peptides and methods of screening for the same. (ubc.ca)

One untapped resource of novel antimicrobial agents, evolutionarily proven as anti-infectives, are the host-derived antimicrobial peptides ( 12 , 13 ). (asm.org)

The rapid emergence of drug resistance intensified the search for new antimicrobial agents, leading to lots of novel derivatives obtained from 14- and 15-membered macrolides by chemical modifications. (ebscohost.com)
The emergence of resistance in microorganisms on a global scale has made it necessary to search for new antimicrobial factors. (aaem.pl)

Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides

Peptides

Magainins

Polymyxin B

Anti-Bacterial Agents

Defensins

Anti-Infective Agents

Cations

Microbial Sensitivity Tests

beta-Defensins

Histatins

PubMed

Periodicals as Topic

Books

Publishing

MEDLINE

Serial Publications

Microscopy, Atomic Force

Nanotechnology

Cathelicidins

Styrax

Archives

Biological Science Disciplines

Directories as Topic

Tryptophan

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Staphylococcus aureus

Molecular Sequence Data

Range of activity and metabolic stability of synthetic antibacterial glycopeptides from insects. (1/2987)

Biological properties of structurally related alpha-helical cationic antimicrobial peptides. (2/2987)

Inactivation of the dlt operon in Staphylococcus aureus confers sensitivity to defensins, protegrins, and other antimicrobial peptides. (3/2987)

Recombinant bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI21) in combination with sulfadiazine is active against Toxoplasma gondii. (4/2987)

In vitro antibacterial properties of pexiganan, an analog of magainin. (5/2987)

A gene encoding a hevein-like protein from elderberry fruits is homologous to PR-4 and class V chitinase genes. (6/2987)

Endocytosis of heparin-binding protein (CAP37) is essential for the enhancement of lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha production in human monocytes. (7/2987)

Transfer of a cathelicidin peptide antibiotic gene restores bacterial killing in a cystic fibrosis xenograft model. (8/2987)

Improvement of outer membrane-permeabilizing and lipopolysaccharide- binding activities of an antimicrobial cationic peptide by...

ANTIMICROBIAL POLYPEPTIDES - Patent application

Modulation of the TLR-Mediated Inflammatory Response by the Endogenous Human Host Defense Peptide LL-37 | The Journal of...

The Human Host Defense Peptide LL-37 Induces Caspase-independent Apoptosis Via Apoptosis-Inducing Factor And Endonuclease G in...

A novel antimicrobial peptide on the ocular surface shows decreased expression in inflammation and infection. - Semantic Scholar

Cationic host defence peptides: multifaceted role in immune modulation and inflammation. - PubMed - NCBI

Patente WO1994018323A1 - Stable bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein products and ... - Google Patentes

Explore our research

Explore our research

Regulation of antimicrobial peptide gene expression by nutrients and byproducts of microbial metabolism

Pharmaceuticals | Free Full-Text | Avian Antimicrobial Host Defense Peptides: From Biology to Therapeutic Applications | HTML

Combined Systems Approaches Reveal Highly Plastic Responses to Antimicrobial Peptide Challenge in | proLékaře.cz

Activity of antimicrobial peptides and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in children with asthma - medexpert

Gamma AApeptides as Host Defense Peptide Mimics by Yaqiong Li

Roles of d-Amino Acids on the Bioactivity of Host Defense Peptides

Dr Donald J Davidson | The University of Edinburgh

Using anti-biofilm peptides to treat antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections

Welcome to the APD3

Welcome to the APD3

中国科学院动物研究所机构知识库(CAS OpenIR): Positive Selection in Cathelicidin Host Defense Peptides: Adaptation to Exogenous Pathogens or...

Alternative mechanisms of action of cationic antimicrobial peptides on bacteria. - PubMed - NCBI

Exploring the Activity Space of Multifaceted Host Defence Peptides | UBC Chemistry

Eduardo Cobo | Cobo Lab | Calgary | Cathelicidin | Host defense peptides

Next generation of de novo designed amphipathic α-helical antimicrobial peptides to treat the gram-negative pathogen,...

Indolicidin Stabilizes Duplex DNA and Prevents DNA Replication and Transcription - AAPPTEC

Antimicrobial peptides | DermNet NZ

Association between polymorphisms in exons 4 and 10 of the BPI gene and immune indices in Sutai pigs | GMR | Genetics and...

ARTICLES | Journal of Applied Physiology

Polymorphisms of candidate genes associated with meat quality and disease resistance in indigenous and exotic pig breeds of...

Antimicrobial peptides in action | Research | University of Groningen

High-Dose Vitamin D and Antimicrobial Peptide Expression in Lung Failure - Gregory Martin

Developmental switch of intestinal antimicrobial peptide expression | JEM

Versatile interactions of the antimicrobial peptide novispirin with detergents and lipids - Aalborg Universitets...

DUGi: Ítem | Recercat - Antimicrobial peptide genes in Bacillus strains from plant environments

Custom-Designed Anti-Microbial Peptides | Medgadget

Pharmaceuticals | Free Full-Text | Antimicrobial Peptides from Fish

Hepcidin (Liver Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide 1 or Putative Liver Tumor Regressor or HAMP) - Pipeline Review, H2 2016

Publications

Azurocidin - inactive serine proteinase homolog acting as a multifunctional inflammatory mediator. - Acta Biochimica Polonica -...

Host Defense Peptides and the New Line of Defence Against Multire...: Ingenta Connect

Antimicrobial and cytolytic properties of the frog skin peptide, kassinatuerin-1 and its L- and D-lysine-substituted...

தவளைகளிடமிருந்து வைரஸ் காய்ச்சலை தடுக்கும் மருந்துகள் - நவீன அறிவியல்

Nanomechanical response of bacterial cells to cationic antimicrobial peptides - Soft Matter (RSC Publishing)

Publications | RIDI - UPR9022 CNRS