Antigens, CD
Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.
Antigens, CD8
Antigens, Neoplasm
Antigens, CD3
Complex of at least five membrane-bound polypeptides in mature T-lymphocytes that are non-covalently associated with one another and with the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL). The CD3 complex includes the gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, and eta chains (subunits). When antigen binds to the T-cell receptor, the CD3 complex transduces the activating signals to the cytoplasm of the T-cell. The CD3 gamma and delta chains (subunits) are separate from and not related to the gamma/delta chains of the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA).
Antigens, Surface
Antigens, CD38
Antigens, CD34
Antigens, CD19
Antigens, CD40
A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily with specificity for CD40 LIGAND. It is found on mature B-LYMPHOCYTES and some EPITHELIAL CELLS, lymphoid DENDRITIC CELLS. Evidence suggests that CD40-dependent activation of B-cells is important for generation of memory B-cells within the germinal centers. Mutations of the gene for CD40 antigen result in HYPER-IGM IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, TYPE 3. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.
CD40 Ligand
Antigens, CD20
Antigens, CD28
Antigens, CD44
Acidic sulfated integral membrane glycoproteins expressed in several alternatively spliced and variable glycosylated forms on a wide variety of cell types including mature T-cells, B-cells, medullary thymocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, erythrocytes, and fibroblasts. CD44 antigens are the principle cell surface receptors for hyaluronate and this interaction mediates binding of lymphocytes to high endothelial venules. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)
Antigens, CD7
Antigens, CD14
Antigens, CD2
CD4-CD8 Ratio
Antigens, CD5
Glycoproteins expressed on all mature T-cells, thymocytes, and a subset of mature B-cells. Antibodies specific for CD5 can enhance T-cell receptor-mediated T-cell activation. The B-cell-specific molecule CD72 is a natural ligand for CD5. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)
Antigens, Differentiation
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.
Antigens, CD1
Antigens, CD56
Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase
A membrane-bound or cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). This enzyme generally catalyzes the hydrolysis of cADPR to ADP-RIBOSE, as well, and sometimes the synthesis of cyclic ADP-ribose 2' phosphate (2'-P-cADPR) from NADP.
Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic
Antigens, CD80
A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CD28 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD80 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a costimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.
Antigens, CD53
Antigens, CD24
Antigens, CD13
Antigens, Protozoan
T-Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.
Antigens, CD86
A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CD28 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD86 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a stimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.
Flow Cytometry
Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.
B-Lymphocytes
Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming
Polyomavirus antigens which cause infection and cellular transformation. The large T antigen is necessary for the initiation of viral DNA synthesis, repression of transcription of the early region and is responsible in conjunction with the middle T antigen for the transformation of primary cells. Small T antigen is necessary for the completion of the productive infection cycle.
Antigens, CD95
A tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype found in a variety of tissues and on activated LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for FAS LIGAND and plays a role in regulation of peripheral immune responses and APOPTOSIS. Multiple isoforms of the protein exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. The activated receptor signals via a conserved death domain that associates with specific TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS in the CYTOPLASM.
HLA Antigens
Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte
Antigens, CD45
High-molecular weight glycoproteins uniquely expressed on the surface of LEUKOCYTES and their hemopoietic progenitors. They contain a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase activity which plays a role in intracellular signaling from the CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. The CD45 antigens occur as multiple isoforms that result from alternative mRNA splicing and differential usage of three exons.
Immunophenotyping
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3
A 67-kDa sialic acid binding lectin that is specific for MYELOID CELLS and MONOCYTE-MACROPHAGE PRECURSOR CELLS. This protein is the smallest siglec subtype and contains a single immunoglobulin C2-set domain. It may play a role in intracellular signaling via its interaction with SHP-1 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE and SHP-2 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE.
Antigens, Helminth
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
Molecules on the surface of T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with antigens. The receptors are non-covalently associated with a complex of several polypeptides collectively called CD3 antigens (ANTIGENS, CD3). Recognition of foreign antigen and the major histocompatibility complex is accomplished by a single heterodimeric antigen-receptor structure, composed of either alpha-beta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, ALPHA-BETA) or gamma-delta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA) chains.
Antigens, CD18
Lymphocyte Activation
Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.
Antigens, CD30
A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that may play a role in the regulation of NF-KAPPA B and APOPTOSIS. They are found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; MAST CELLS and NK CELLS. Overexpression of CD30 antigen in hematopoietic malignancies make the antigen clinically useful as a biological tumor marker. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Antigens, CD9
Carcinoembryonic Antigen
HLA-DR Antigens
Antigens, CD15
Antigens, Viral, Tumor
Antigens, CD43
Antigens, CD36
Leukocyte differentiation antigens and major platelet membrane glycoproteins present on MONOCYTES; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; PLATELETS; and mammary EPITHELIAL CELLS. They play major roles in CELL ADHESION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; and regulation of angiogenesis. CD36 is a receptor for THROMBOSPONDINS and can act as a scavenger receptor that recognizes and transports oxidized LIPOPROTEINS and FATTY ACIDS.
Amino Acid Sequence
Antigens, CD11
A group of three different alpha chains (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c) that are associated with an invariant CD18 beta chain (ANTIGENS, CD18). The three resulting leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE ADHESION) are LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1; MACROPHAGE-1 ANTIGEN; and ANTIGEN, P150,95.
Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
Large, transmembrane, non-covalently linked glycoproteins (alpha and beta). Both chains can be polymorphic although there is more structural variation in the beta chains. The class II antigens in humans are called HLA-D ANTIGENS and are coded by a gene on chromosome 6. In mice, two genes named IA and IE on chromosome 17 code for the H-2 antigens. The antigens are found on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, epidermal cells, and sperm and are thought to mediate the competence of and cellular cooperation in the immune response. The term IA antigens used to refer only to the proteins encoded by the IA genes in the mouse, but is now used as a generic term for any class II histocompatibility antigen.
Histocompatibility Antigens
A group of antigens that includes both the major and minor histocompatibility antigens. The former are genetically determined by the major histocompatibility complex. They determine tissue type for transplantation and cause allograft rejections. The latter are systems of allelic alloantigens that can cause weak transplant rejection.
Antigens, CD59
Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. PCNA is required for the coordinated synthesis of both leading and lagging strands at the replication fork during DNA replication. PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types.
Antigens, CD57
Antigens, CD70
A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds to CD27 ANTIGEN. It is found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS where it plays a role in stimulating the proliferation of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES and CD8-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES.
Antigens, CD46
Lectins, C-Type
Antigens, CD58
Antigens, CD4
55-kDa antigens found on HELPER-INDUCER T-LYMPHOCYTES and on a variety of other immune cell types. CD4 antigens are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are implicated as associative recognition elements in MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX class II-restricted immune responses. On T-lymphocytes they define the helper/inducer subset. CD4 antigens also serve as INTERLEUKIN-15 receptors and bind to the HIV receptors, binding directly to the HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120.
Antigens, CD47
Antigens, CD11b
Base Sequence
Prostate-Specific Antigen
Antigens, CD11c
O Antigens
The lipopolysaccharide-protein somatic antigens, usually from gram-negative bacteria, important in the serological classification of enteric bacilli. The O-specific chains determine the specificity of the O antigens of a given serotype. O antigens are the immunodominant part of the lipopolysaccharide molecule in the intact bacterial cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
HLA-A2 Antigen
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.
Immunohistochemistry
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Immunoglobulin G
Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate
Antigens, CD55
Antigens, CD31
Tumor Cells, Cultured
Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
Membrane glycoproteins consisting of an alpha subunit and a BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN beta subunit. In humans, highly polymorphic genes on CHROMOSOME 6 encode the alpha subunits of class I antigens and play an important role in determining the serological specificity of the surface antigen. Class I antigens are found on most nucleated cells and are generally detected by their reactivity with alloantisera. These antigens are recognized during GRAFT REJECTION and restrict cell-mediated lysis of virus-infected cells.
Antigens, CD81
Cells, Cultured
Antigens, CD137
A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specific for 4-1BB LIGAND. It is found in a variety of immune cell types including activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; NATURAL KILLER CELLS; and DENDRITIC CELLS. Activation of the receptor on T-LYMPHOCYTES plays a role in their expansion, production of cytokines and survival. Signaling by the activated receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.
Cell Differentiation
Lymphocytes
White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.
Monocytes
HLA-A Antigens
Polymorphic class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens present on almost all nucleated cells. At least 20 antigens have been identified which are encoded by the A locus of multiple alleles on chromosome 6. They serve as targets for T-cell cytolytic responses and are involved with acceptance or rejection of tissue/organ grafts.
Cross Reactions
Dendritic Cells
Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).
Receptors, Interleukin-2
Receptors present on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES and B-LYMPHOCYTES that are specific for INTERLEUKIN-2 and play an important role in LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION. They are heterotrimeric proteins consisting of the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT, the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR BETA SUBUNIT, and the INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA-CHAIN.
Blood Group Antigens
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Antigens, CD63
Transfection
Antibody Specificity
Antigens, CD151
Antigens, CD79
Fluorescent Antibody Technique
Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.
HLA-D Antigens
Human immune-response or Class II antigens found mainly, but not exclusively, on B-lymphocytes and produced from genes of the HLA-D locus. They are extremely polymorphic families of glycopeptides, each consisting of two chains, alpha and beta. This group of antigens includes the -DR, -DQ and -DP designations, of which HLA-DR is most studied; some of these glycoproteins are associated with certain diseases, possibly of immune etiology.
CD30 Ligand
Phenotype
N-Glycosyl Hydrolases
Burkitt Lymphoma
A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.
Receptors, Antigen
Immunization
Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).
Antibody Formation
Antigens, CD11a
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Hepatitis B Antigens
Bone Marrow
The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.
Antigen-Antibody Reactions
Immune Sera
Macrophages
The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)
Mice, SCID
Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.
T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Cell Division
Antigen-Presenting Cells
A heterogeneous group of immunocompetent cells that mediate the cellular immune response by processing and presenting antigens to the T-cells. Traditional antigen-presenting cells include MACROPHAGES; DENDRITIC CELLS; LANGERHANS CELLS; and B-LYMPHOCYTES. FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS are not traditional antigen-presenting cells, but because they hold antigen on their cell surface in the form of IMMUNE COMPLEXES for B-cell recognition they are considered so by some authors.
Herpesvirus 4, Human
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta
HLA-B Antigens
Class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens encoded by more than 30 detectable alleles on locus B of the HLA complex, the most polymorphic of all the HLA specificities. Several of these antigens (e.g., HLA-B27, -B7, -B8) are strongly associated with predisposition to rheumatoid and other autoimmune disorders. Like other class I HLA determinants, they are involved in the cellular immune reactivity of cytolytic T lymphocytes.
Immunologic Memory
Bone Marrow Cells
Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
Mice, Transgenic
MART-1 Antigen
Antigens, CD147
HIV Antigens
CTLA-4 Antigen
HL-60 Cells
A promyelocytic cell line derived from a patient with ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. HL-60 cells lack specific markers for LYMPHOID CELLS but express surface receptors for FC FRAGMENTS and COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS. They also exhibit phagocytic activity and responsiveness to chemotactic stimuli. (From Hay et al., American Type Culture Collection, 7th ed, pp127-8)
Antigens, CD82
Immunoenzyme Techniques
Antibodies
Gene Expression
Antigens, Thy-1
Cytokines
Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.
Immune Tolerance
The specific failure of a normally responsive individual to make an immune response to a known antigen. It results from previous contact with the antigen by an immunologically immature individual (fetus or neonate) or by an adult exposed to extreme high-dose or low-dose antigen, or by exposure to radiation, antimetabolites, antilymphocytic serum, etc.
Immunity, Cellular
Thymus Gland
A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat.
Autoantigens
Clone Cells
A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens
Interleukin-2
Immunoglobulin M
Biological Markers
Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.
H-Y Antigen
Antigens, CD146
Antigens, Heterophile
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
Interferon-gamma
The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.
Antigens, CD98
A heterodimeric protein that is a cell surface antigen associated with lymphocyte activation. The initial characterization of this protein revealed one identifiable heavy chain (ANTIGENS, CD98 HEAVY CHAIN) and an indeterminate smaller light chain. It is now known that a variety of light chain subunits (ANTIGENS, CD98 LIGHT CHAINS) can dimerize with the heavy chain. Depending upon its light chain composition a diverse array of functions can be found for this protein. Functions include: type L amino acid transport, type y+L amino acid transport and regulation of cellular fusion.
Hepatitis B Core Antigens
Peptides
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
Antigen-Antibody Complex
Lymph Nodes
Immunodiffusion
HLA-DQ Antigens
Signal Transduction
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.
Mice, Inbred Strains
Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.
Forssman Antigen
Rabbits
Antigens, CD274
Complement Fixation Tests
Serologic tests based on inactivation of complement by the antigen-antibody complex (stage 1). Binding of free complement can be visualized by addition of a second antigen-antibody system such as red cells and appropriate red cell antibody (hemolysin) requiring complement for its completion (stage 2). Failure of the red cells to lyse indicates that a specific antigen-antibody reaction has taken place in stage 1. If red cells lyse, free complement is present indicating no antigen-antibody reaction occurred in stage 1.
Simian virus 40
Glycoproteins
Adjuvants, Immunologic
Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.
Isoantigens
Hybridomas
gp100 Melanoma Antigen
Major Histocompatibility Complex
The genetic region which contains the loci of genes which determine the structure of the serologically defined (SD) and lymphocyte-defined (LD) TRANSPLANTATION ANTIGENS, genes which control the structure of the IMMUNE RESPONSE-ASSOCIATED ANTIGENS, HUMAN; the IMMUNE RESPONSE GENES which control the ability of an animal to respond immunologically to antigenic stimuli, and genes which determine the structure and/or level of the first four components of complement.
Killer Cells, Natural
Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.
Immunoelectrophoresis
A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.
Cutting edge: primary structure of the light chain of fusion regulatory protein-1/CD98/4F2 predicts a protein with multiple transmembrane domains that is almost identical to the amino acid transporter E16. (1/114)
The CD98 light chain (CD98LC) was copurified from HeLa S3 cells by an affinity chromatography using a mAb specific for the fusion regulatory protein-1 (FRP-1) which is identical to the CD98 heavy chain. On the basis of the N-terminal sequence (63 amino acids) of purified CD98LC polypeptide, we have cloned a PCR fragment (155 bp) from a HeLa S3 cDNA library and finally obtained a full cDNA clone encoding the CD98LC. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis using the cDNA assigned the CD98LC gene to the long arm of human chromosome 16 (16q24). The predicted amino acid sequence suggested that CD98LC is a protein with multiple transmembrane domains and is almost identical to the amino acid transporter E16. Resting monocytes and lymphocytes expressed CD98LC as analyzed by a newly isolated anti-CD98LC mAb, which showed cross-reactivity with insect Sf9 cells as well as with various mammalian cell lines. (+info)Isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against murine FRP-1/CD98/4F2 heavy chain: murine FRP-1 is an alloantigen and amino acid change at 129 (P<-->R) is related to the alloantigenicity. (2/114)
Nineteen mAb directed against murine fusion regulatory protein-1 (mFRP-1)/4F2/CD98 were isolated and their biological properties were analysed. Intriguingly, mFRP-1 was found to be an alloantigen, namely, FRP-1.1 (DBA/2 and CBA mice type) and FRP-1.2 (BALB/c, C57BL/6 and C3H/He mice type). The nucleotide sequences of FRP-1.1 and FRP-1.2 were determined, demonstrating that amino acid change at 129 (P<-->R) is related to the alloantigenicity. mFRP-1 is expressed on thymocytes, on spleen cells, on peripheral lymphocytes and on blood monocytes, suggesting that the physiological role in vivo of murine FRP-1 is different from that of human FRP-1. The biological activities of antimFRP-1 mAbs showed by the present study are: (i) enhancement of Newcastle disease virus-induced cell fusion; (ii) suppression of HIVgp160-mediated cell fusion; and (iii) induction of aggregation and multinucleated giant cells of monocytes/macrophages. (+info)Pro-adhesive and chemotactic activities of thrombospondin-1 for breast carcinoma cells are mediated by alpha3beta1 integrin and regulated by insulin-like growth factor-1 and CD98. (3/114)
Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) is a matricellular protein that displays both pro- and anti-adhesive activities. Binding to sulfated glycoconjugates mediates most high affinity binding of soluble TSP1 to MDA-MB-435 cells, but attachment and spreading of these cells on immobilized TSP1 is primarily beta1 integrin-dependent. The integrin alpha3beta1 is the major mediator of breast carcinoma cell adhesion and chemotaxis to TSP1. This integrin is partially active in MDA-MB-435 cells but is mostly inactive in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, which require beta1 integrin activation to induce spreading on TSP1. Integrin-mediated cell spreading on TSP1 is accompanied by extension of filopodia containing beta1 integrins. TSP1 binding activity of the alpha3beta1 integrin is not stimulated by CD47-binding peptides from TSP1 or by protein kinase C activation, which activate alphavbeta3 integrin function in the same cells. In MDA-MB-231 but not MDA-MB-435 cells, this integrin is activated by pertussis toxin, whereas serum, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and ligation of CD98 increase activity of this integrin in both cell lines. Serum stimulation is accompanied by increased surface expression of CD98, whereas insulin-like growth factor-1 does not increase CD98 expression. Thus, the pro-adhesive activity of TSP1 for breast carcinoma cells is controlled by several signals that regulate activity of the alpha3beta1 integrin. (+info)Molecular characterization of U937-dependent T-cell co-stimulation. (4/114)
U937 cells provide a co-stimulatory signal for CD3-mediated T-cell activation which is independent of the CD28/CD80/CD86 interaction. This study set out to identify which molecules contribute to this co-stimulatory activity. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to the known accessory molecules CD11a, CD18, CD54 and CD45, all inhibited T-cell proliferation. Although CD11a/18 mAb inhibited U937/T-cell cluster formation as well as proliferation, CD45 enhanced the size of the clusters formed, suggesting that this was not the only mechanism of inhibition. The alternative co-stimulatory pathway provided by U937 cells preferentially stimulated a response in the CD18+ T-cell population, and this reflected the reduced sensitivity of CD8+ T cells to CD28-mediated activation. Monoclonal antibodies to three molecules, CD53, CD98 and CD147, also inhibited U937-dependent T-cell proliferation. The mAb to CD98 and CD147 were inhibitory when prepulsed on to the U937 cells, suggesting an effect mediated by these molecules on the antigen-presenting cell. (+info)Identification of a membrane protein, LAT-2, that Co-expresses with 4F2 heavy chain, an L-type amino acid transport activity with broad specificity for small and large zwitterionic amino acids. (5/114)
We have identified a new human cDNA, L-amino acid transporter-2 (LAT-2), that induces a system L transport activity with 4F2hc (the heavy chain of the surface antigen 4F2, also named CD98) in oocytes. Human LAT-2 is the fourth member of the family of amino acid transporters that are subunits of 4F2hc. The amino acid transport activity induced by the co-expression of 4F2hc and LAT-2 was sodium-independent and showed broad specificity for small and large zwitterionic amino acids, as well as bulky analogs (e.g. BCH (2-aminobicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane-2-carboxylic acid)). This transport activity was highly trans-stimulated, suggesting an exchanger mechanism of transport. Expression of tagged N-myc-LAT-2 alone in oocytes did not induce amino acid transport, and the protein had an intracellular location. Co-expression of N-myc-LAT-2 and 4F2hc gave amino acid transport induction and expression of N-myc-LAT-2 at the plasma membrane of the oocytes. These data suggest that LAT-2 is an additional member of the family of 4F2 light chain subunits, which associates with 4F2hc to express a system L transport activity with broad specificity for zwitterionic amino acids. Human LAT-2 mRNA is expressed in kidney >>> placenta >> brain, liver > spleen, skeletal muscle, heart, small intestine, and lung. Human LAT-2 gene localizes at chromosome 14q11.2-13 (13 cR or approximately 286 kb from marker D14S1349). The high expression of LAT-2 mRNA in epithelial cells of proximal tubules, the basolateral location of 4F2hc in these cells, and the amino acid transport activity of LAT-2 suggest that this transporter contributes to the renal reabsorption of neutral amino acids in the basolateral domain of epithelial proximal tubule cells. (+info)Identification and functional characterization of a Na+-independent neutral amino acid transporter with broad substrate selectivity. (6/114)
We have isolated a cDNA from rat small intestine that encodes a novel Na+-independent neutral amino acid transporter with distinctive characteristics in substrate selectivity and transport property. The encoded protein, designated L-type amino acid transporter-2 (LAT-2), shows amino acid sequence similarity to the system L Na+-independent neutral amino acid transporter LAT-1 (Kanai, Y., Segawa, H., Miyamoto, K., Uchino, H., Takeda, E., and Endou, H. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 23629-23632) (50% identity) and the system y+L transporters y+LAT-1 (47%) and KIAA0245/y+LAT-2 (45%) (Torrents, D., Estevez, R., Pineda, M., Fernandez, E., Lloberas, J., Shi, Y.-B., Zorzano, A., and Palacin, M. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 32437-32445). LAT-2 is a nonglycosylated membrane protein. It requires 4F2 heavy chain, a type II membrane glycoprotein, for its functional expression in Xenopus oocytes. LAT-2-mediated transport is not dependent on Na+ or Cl- and is inhibited by a system L-specific inhibitor, 2-aminobicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane-2-carboxylic acid (BCH), indicating that LAT-2 is a second isoform of the system L transporter. Compared with LAT-1, which prefers large neutral amino acids with branched or aromatic side chains, LAT-2 exhibits remarkably broad substrate selectivity. It transports all of the L-isomers of neutral alpha-amino acids. LAT-2 exhibits higher affinity (Km = 30-50 microM) to Tyr, Phe, Trp, Thr, Asn, Ile, Cys, Ser, Leu, Val, and Gln and relatively lower affinity (Km = 180-300 microM) to His, Ala, Met, and Gly. In addition, LAT-2 mediates facilitated diffusion of substrate amino acids, as distinct from LAT-1, which mediates amino acid exchange. LAT-2-mediated transport is increased by lowering the pH level, with peak activity at pH 6.25, because of the decrease in the Km value without changing the Vmax value. Because of these functional properties and a high level of expression of LAT-2 in the small intestine, kidney, placenta, and brain, it is suggested that the heterodimeric complex of LAT-2 and 4F2 heavy chain is involved in the trans-cellular transport of neutral amino acids in epithelia and blood-tissue barriers. (+info)Identification of an amino acid transporter associated with the cystinuria-related type II membrane glycoprotein. (7/114)
We identified an amino acid transporter that is associated with the cystinuria-related type II membrane glycoprotein, rBAT (related to b(0,+) amino acid transporter). The transporter designated BAT1 (b(0, +)-type amino acid transporter 1) from rat kidney was found to be structurally related to recently identified amino acid transporters for system L, system y(+)L, and system x(-)C, which are linked, via a disulfide bond, to the other type II membrane glycoprotein, 4F2hc (4F2 heavy chain). In the nonreducing condition, a 125-kDa band, which seems to correspond to the heterodimeric complex of BAT1 and rBAT, was detected in rat kidney with anti-BAT1 antibody. The band was shifted to 41 kDa in the reducing condition, confirming that BAT1 and rBAT are linked via a disulfide bond. The BAT1 and rBAT proteins were shown to be colocalized in the apical membrane of the renal proximal tubules where massive cystine transport had been proposed. When expressed in COS-7 cells with rBAT, but not with 4F2hc, BAT1 exhibited a Na(+)-independent transport of cystine as well as basic and neutral amino acids with the properties of system b(0,+). The results from the present investigation were used to establish a family of amino acid transporters associated with type II membrane glycoproteins. (+info)Cloning and expression of a b(0,+)-like amino acid transporter functioning as a heterodimer with 4F2hc instead of rBAT. A new candidate gene for cystinuria. (8/114)
We have cloned a transporter protein from rabbit small intestine, which, when coexpressed with the 4F2 heavy chain (4F2hc) in mammalian cells, induces a b(0,+)-like amino acid transport activity. This protein (4F2-lc6 for the sixth member of the 4F2 light chain family) consists of 487 amino acids and has 12 putative transmembrane domains. At the level of amino acid sequence, 4F2-lc6 shows significant homology (44% identity) to the other five known members of the 4F2 light chain family, namely LAT1 (4F2-lc1), y(+)LAT1 (4F2-lc2), y(+)LAT2 (4F2-lc3), xCT (4F2-lc4), and LAT2 (4F2-lc5). The 4F2hc/4F2-lc6 complex-mediated transport process is Na(+)-independent and exhibits high affinity for neutral and cationic amino acids and cystine. These characteristics are similar to those of the b(0,+)-like amino acid transport activity previously shown to be associated with rBAT (protein related to b(0,+) amino acid transport system). However, the newly cloned 4F2-lc6 does not interact with rBAT. This is the first report of the existence of a b(0,+)-like amino acid transport process that is independent of rBAT. 4F2-lc6 is expressed predominantly in the small intestine and kidney. Based on the characteristics of the transport process mediated by the 4F2hc/4F2-lc6 complex and the expression pattern of 4F2-lc6 in mammalian tissues, we suggest that 4F2-lc6 is a new candidate gene for cystinuria. (+info)
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APC Family
These glycoproteins include the CD98 heavy chain protein of Mus musculus (gbU25708) and the orthologous 4F2 cell surface ... antigen heavy chain of Homo sapiens (spP08195). The latter protein is required for the activity of the cystine/glutamate ...
List of MeSH codes (D12.776.157)
... antigens, cd98 heavy chain MeSH D12.776.157.530.200.500.500.500.300 - antigens, cd98 light chains MeSH D12.776.157.530.200.500. ... antigens, cd98 heavy chain MeSH D12.776.157.530.200.374.750.500.625 - antigens, cd98 light chains MeSH D12.776.157.530.200.500 ... antigens, cd98 MeSH D12.776.157.530.200.374.750.500.250 - ... antigens, cd98 MeSH D12.776.157.530.200.500.500.500.250 - ... leukocyte l1 antigen complex MeSH D12.776.157.125.750.500.100 - calgranulin a MeSH D12.776.157.125.750.500.200 - calgranulin b ...
List of MeSH codes (D23)
... antigens, cd98 MeSH D23.050.301.264.035.198.500 - antigens, cd98 heavy chain MeSH D23.050.301.264.035.198.625 - antigens, cd98 ... antigens, cd98 MeSH D23.101.100.110.198.500 - antigens, cd98 heavy chain MeSH D23.101.100.110.198.625 - antigens, cd98 light ... antigens, cd15 MeSH D23.101.100.900.131 - antigens, cd31 MeSH D23.101.100.920 - antigens, ly MeSH D23.101.100.930 - antigens, ... forssman antigen MeSH D23.050.285.018 - antigens, cd24 MeSH D23.050.285.025 - antigens, cd30 MeSH D23.050.285.040 - antigens, ...
CD98
... +Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Large+Neutral+Amino+Acid-Transporter+1 at ... 4F2hc/CD98 heavy subunit protein encoded by the SLC3A2 gene CD98 light subunit protein encoded by the SLC7A5 gene Cluster of ... CD98 is a glycoprotein that is a heterodimer composed of SLC3A2 and SLC7A5 that forms the large neutral amino acid transporter ... Lemaître G, Gonnet F, Vaigot P, Gidrol X, Martin MT, Tortajada J, Waksman G (2005). "CD98, a novel marker of transient ...
4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain
SLC3A2 comprises the heavy subunit of the large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT1) that is also known as CD98 (cluster of ... 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC3A2 (solute carrier family 3 member 2) ... Lemaître G, Gonnet F, Vaigot P, Gidrol X, Martin MT, Tortajada J, Waksman G (2005). "CD98, a novel marker of transient ... Teixeira S, Di Grandi S, Kühn LC (August 1987). "Primary structure of the human 4F2 antigen heavy chain predicts a ...
Duffy antigen system
This antigen along with other blood group antigens was used to identify the Basque people as a genetically separate group.[49] ... Because the Duffy antigen is uncommon in those of Black African descent, the presence of this antigen has been used to detect ... The Fy4 antigen, originally described on Fy (a-b-) RBCs, is now thought to be a distinct, unrelated antigen and is no longer ... The Duffy antigen is expressed in greater quantities on reticulocytes than on mature erythrocytes.[21] While the Duffy antigen ...
List of MeSH codes (D12.776.543)
... antigens, cd98 heavy chain MeSH D12.776.543.585.200.500.500.500.500 - antigens, cd98 light chains MeSH D12.776.543.585.200.500. ... antigens, cd98 heavy chain MeSH D12.776.543.585.200.374.750.500.500 - antigens, cd98 light chains MeSH D12.776.543.585.200.500 ... antigen, b-cell MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.816.821.500 - antigens, cd79 MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.816.824 - receptors, antigen, t- ... antigens, cd22 MeSH D12.776.543.550.200.124 - antigens, cd24 MeSH D12.776.543.550.200.131 - antigens, cd31 MeSH D12.776.543.550 ...
Fc receptor
The positive B cell signaling is initiated by binding of foreign antigen to surface immunoglobulin. The same antigen-specific ... CD16a expression is induced in the activated human naïve CD4+ T cells, which express CD25, CD69, and CD98 and ligation to ICs ... When an appropriate allergic antigen or parasite is present, the cross-linking of at least two IgE molecules and their Fc ... IgE antibodies bind to antigens of allergens. These allergen-bound IgE molecules interact with Fcε receptors on the surface of ...
Fc receptor
The positive B cell signaling is initiated by binding of foreign antigen to surface immunoglobulin. The same antigen-specific ... and CD98 and ligation to ICs leads to generation of effector memory cells.[47] CD16a signaling is mediated by phosphorylation ... IgE antibodies bind to antigens of allergens. These allergen-bound IgE molecules interact with Fcε receptors on the surface of ... When an appropriate allergic antigen or parasite is present, the cross-linking of a least two of IgE molecules and their Fc ...
CD97 - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
CD97 antigen je protein koji je kod ljudi kodiran CD97 genom.[1][2][3] ... CD98 • CD99 • CD100 ... and chromosomal mapping of the leukocyte activation antigen ... 2001). „Tissue distribution of the human CD97 EGF-TM7 receptor". Tissue Antigens. 57 (4): 325-31. PMID 11380941. doi:10.1034/j. ...
ATP1B3 - Википедия
Tissue Antigens (англ.)русск. : journal. - 2007. - Vol. 68, no. 6. - P. 509-517. - DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00726.x. - PMID ...
CD117 - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
1991). „Expression of the YB5.B8 antigen (c-kit proto-oncogene product) in normal human bone marrow". Blood. 78 (1): 30-7. PMID ... CD98 • CD99 • CD100 ... transduction-associated and cell activation-linked antigens ...
Меланотрансферрин - Википедия
Seligman P. A., Butler C. D., Massey E. J., etal. The p97 antigen is mapped to the q24-qter region of chromosome 3; the same ... Le Beau M. M., Diaz M. O., Plowman G. D., etal. Chromosomal sublocalization of the human p97 melanoma antigen. (англ.) // Hum. ... Plowman G. D., Brown J. P., Enns C. A., etal. Assignment of the gene for human melanoma-associated antigen p97 to chromosome 3 ... Rose T. M., Plowman G. D., Teplow D. B., etal. Primary structure of the human melanoma-associated antigen p97 ( ...
Basigin
1997). "The Oka blood group antigen is a marker for the M6 leukocyte activation antigen, the human homolog of OX-47 antigen, ... 1992). "Human leukocyte activation antigen M6, a member of the Ig superfamily, is the species homologue of rat OX-47, mouse ... Kasinrerk W, Fiebiger E, Stefanová I, Baumruker T, Knapp W, Stockinger H (1992). "Human leukocyte activation antigen M6, a ... Ok blood group system at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH ...
CD74 - Википедия
CD74 (англ. HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain; HLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chain) - мембранный белок ... II histocompatibility antigen gamma chaingamma chain of class II antigensIiHLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chainIa antigen ... Riberdy J.M., Newcomb J.R., Surman M.J., Barbosa J.A., Cresswell P. HLA-DR molecules from an antigen-processing mutant cell ... Machamer C.E., Cresswell P. Biosynthesis and glycosylation of the invariant chain associated with HLA-DR antigens (англ.) // ...
C5a receptor
1996). "CD88 antibodies specifically bind to C5aR on dermal CD117+ and CD14+ cells and react with a desmosomal antigen in human ... CD98 • CD99 • CD100 ...
CD4
... is a co-receptor of the T cell receptor (TCR) and assists the latter in communicating with antigen-presenting cells. The ... Leucocyte typing: human leucocyte differentiation antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies: specification, classification, ... T cells displaying CD4 molecules (and not CD8) on their surface, therefore, are specific for antigens presented by MHC II and ... CD1+Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...
CD8
In addition to aiding with cytotoxic T cell antigen interactions the CD8 co-receptor also plays a role in T cell signaling. The ... the CD8 co-receptor plays a role in T cell signaling and aiding with cytotoxic T cell antigen interactions. ... This affinity keeps the T cell receptor of the cytotoxic T cell and the target cell bound closely together during antigen- ... Once the T cell receptor binds its specific antigen Lck phosphorylates the cytoplasmic CD3 and ζ-chains of the TCR complex ...
CLEC12A - Википедия
van Rhenen A., van Dongen G. A., Kelder A., et al. The novel AML stem cell associated antigen CLL-1 aids in discrimination ...
CD44
In humans, the CD44 antigen is encoded by the CD44 gene on Chromosome 11.[5] CD44 has been referred to as HCAM (homing cell ... The CD44 antigen is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. ... Indian blood group system at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH ... "Carcinoembryonic antigen and CD44 variant isoforms cooperate to mediate colon carcinoma cell adhesion to E- and L-selectin in ...
LAG3
A new ligand for human leukocyte antigen class II antigens". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 176 (2): 327-37. doi:10.1084 ... A new ligand for human leukocyte antigen class II antigens". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 176 (2): 327-37. doi:10.1084 ... antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II. ... antigen binding. • transmembrane signaling receptor activity. • MHC class II protein binding. Cellular component. • membrane. • ...
CEACAM5
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) also known as CD66e (Cluster of Differentiation 66e), is a ... 2001). "Heterogeneous RNA-binding protein M4 is a receptor for carcinoembryonic antigen in Kupffer cells". J. Biol. Chem. 276 ( ... CEACAM5, CD66e, CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule 5. External IDs. HomoloGene: 128801 GeneCards: ... Oikawa S, Nakazato H, Kosaki G (1987). "Primary structure of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) deduced from cDNA sequence". ...
CXCR5 - Википедия
... uveitis antigens induce CXCR3- and CXCR5-expressing lymphocytes and immature dendritic cells to migrate (англ.) // Blood (англ ...
CD15
It is also called Lewis x and SSEA-1 (stage-specific embryonic antigen 1) and represents a marker for murine pluripotent stem ... CD15 Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... CD15 (3-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine) is a cluster of differentiation antigen - an immunologically significant molecule. CD15 ...
CD154
B cells can present antigens to a specialized group of helper T cells called TFH cells. If an activated TFH cell recognizes the ... Roles of T cell-B-cell-activating molecule (5c8 antigen) and CD40 in contact-dependent help". Journal of Immunology. 149 (12): ... It binds to CD40 (protein) on antigen-presenting cells (APC), which leads to many effects depending on the target cell type. In ... Grewal, IS; Xu, J; Flavell, RA (7 December 1995). "Impairment of antigen-specific T-cell priming in mice lacking CD40 ligand". ...
CD97
Eichler W, Hamann J, Aust G (Nov 1997). "Expression characteristics of the human CD97 antigen". Tissue Antigens. 50 (5): 429-38 ... Hamann J, Wishaupt JO, van Lier RA, Smeets TJ, Breedveld FC, Tak PP (Apr 1999). "Expression of the activation antigen CD97 and ... Tissue Antigens. 57 (4): 325-31. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2001.057004325.x. PMID 11380941.. ... "Expression cloning and chromosomal mapping of the leukocyte activation antigen CD97, a new seven-span transmembrane molecule of ...
CD30
I. Partial characterization of soluble Ki-1 antigen and detection of the antigen in cell culture supernatants and in serum by ... Josimovic-Alasevic O, Dürkop H, Schwarting R, Backé E, Stein H, Diamantstein T (Jan 1989). "Ki-1 (CD30) antigen is released by ... CD30+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... results from cDNA cloning and sequence comparison of the CD30 antigen from different sources". Molecular Immunology. 31 (17): ...
Integrin beta 3
"Entrez Gene: ITGB3 integrin, beta 3 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, antigen CD61)".. *^ May, K. E.; Villar, J.; Kirtley, S.; ... CD61+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...
ABCG2
The protein also carries the Jr(a) antigen, which defines the Junior blood group system.[9] ...
Faktor aktivacije B-ćelija
2000). "Characterization of a new member of the TNF family expressed on antigen presenting cells.". Biol. Chem. 380 (12): 1443- ... CD98 • CD99 • CD100 ... independent compartments among naïve and antigen-experienced B ...
P-selectin
Macrophage-1 antigen (CD11b+CD18). *VLA-4 (CD49d+CD29). *Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (ITGA2B+ITGB3) ...
CDH1 (gene)
"Interaction of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta with the DF3/MUC1 carcinoma-associated antigen and beta-catenin". Molecular and ...
C-C chemokine receptor type 6
Ebert LM, McColl SR (2002). "Up-regulation of CCR5 and CCR6 on distinct subpopulations of antigen-activated CD4+ T lymphocytes ... This receptor has been shown to be important for B-lineage maturation and antigen-driven B-cell differentiation, and it may ... dendritic cells induce antitumor immunity when genetically fused with nonimmunogenic tumor antigens". J. Immunol. 167 (11): ...
CD97
... antigen je protein koji je kod ljudi kodiran CD97 genom.[1][2][3] ... CD98 • CD99 • CD100 ... and chromosomal mapping of the leukocyte activation antigen ... 2001). "Tissue distribution of the human CD97 EGF-TM7 receptor". Tissue Antigens 57 (4): 325-31. PMID 11380941. doi:10.1034/j. ...
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4
"Direct association of adenosine deaminase with a T cell activation antigen, CD26". Science. 261 (5120): 466-9. doi:10.1126/ ...
CD36 - Википедия
antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I. • antigen processing and presentation of exogenous ... antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I. • lipoprotein transport. • negative ... peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent. • platelet degranulation. • MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling ...
VCAM-1
Primarily, the VCAM-1 protein is an endothelial ligand for VLA-4 (Very Late Antigen-4 or integrin α4β1) of the β1 subfamily of ...
SLAMF1
antigen binding. • virus receptor activity. • protein binding. • transmembrane signaling receptor activity. • identical protein ...
ICAM-1 - Википедия
T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell. • T cell antigen ... CD98 · CD99 · CD100 ...
Antigens cd98 light chains. Medical search
C-TypeAntigens, CD57Antigens, CD70Antigens, CD4Antigens, CD46O AntigensAntigens, CD58Antigens, CD47Antigens, CD11bMyosin Heavy ... 4F2 Antigen .. 4F2-antigen .. CD98 Antigen .. CD98 Transport Proteins .. FRP-1 protein .. H4F2 Antigen .. Human 4F2 Antigen ... CD90 Antigen .. Thy-1 Antigen .. Thy-1.1 Antigen .. Thy-1.2 Antigen .. Antigen, CD90 .. Antigen, Thy-1 .. ... Thy 1.1 Antigen ... MonoclonalAntigens, CD28Immunoglobulin lambda-ChainsAntigens, CD44Antigens, CD7Antigens, CD14Antigens, CD2Antigens, CD5Antigens ...
CD98 Mouse anti-Human, BB515, Clone: UM7F8 , BD Horizon 25 tests; BB515:Life
| Fisher Scientific
... products and learn more about CD98 Mouse anti-Human, BB515, Clone: UM7F8 , BD Horizon 25 tests; BB515:Life 25 tests; BB515. ... Antigen. CD98. Clone. UM7F8 Description. Vol. Per test: 5μL. Format. Purified. ... CD98 Monoclonal antibody specifically detects CD98 in Human samples. It is validated for Flow cytometry. ...
Anti-CD98 antibody [UM7F8] - BSA and Azide free (ab212835) | Abcam
Mouse monoclonal CD98 antibody [UM7F8] - BSA and Azide free. Validated in FuncS, Flow Cyt, ICC/IF and tested in Human. ... Antigen defined by monoclonal antibody 4F2 heavy chain antibody. *Antigen identified by monoclonal antibodies 4F2 TRA1.10 TROP4 ... Anti-CD98 antibody [UM7F8] - BSA and Azide free. See all CD98 primary antibodies. ... Protein - Recombinant Human CD98 protein (ab181902) SDS-PAGE Secondary - Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (HRP) (ab205719) WB, IP, ELISA ...
Amino Acid Transport System L | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
CD98 Antibody, anti-human, REAfinity™ - Recombinant antibodies - MACS Antibodies - Products - Miltenyi Biotec - Deutschland
The CD98 heterodimer consists of a 80-85 kDa heavy chain (CD98hc, also known as 4F2 antigen heavy chain or FRP-1) that is ... CD98 is broadly expressed on non-hematopoietic cells and also on peripheral blood lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes. ... Through its nutrient function, CD98 can contribute to the survival and growth of many cell types. CD98hc functions in ... Clone REA387 recognizes the human CD98 antigen, a single-pass type II membrane glycoprotein. ...
4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain - Wikipedia
SLC3A2 comprises the heavy subunit of the large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT1) that is also known as CD98 (cluster of ... 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC3A2 (solute carrier family 3 member 2) ... Lemaître G, Gonnet F, Vaigot P, Gidrol X, Martin MT, Tortajada J, Waksman G (2005). "CD98, a novel marker of transient ... Teixeira S, Di Grandi S, Kühn LC (August 1987). "Primary structure of the human 4F2 antigen heavy chain predicts a ...
Antigen-Conjugated Human IgE Induces Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in a Humanized Mouse Model | The Journal of Immunology
Cross-linking CD98 promotes integrin-like signaling and anchorage-independent growth. Mol. Biol. Cell 13: 2841-2852. ... Antigen-Conjugated Human IgE Induces Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in a Humanized Mouse Model. Günther Baravalle, Alexandra ... Antigen-Conjugated Human IgE Induces Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in a Humanized Mouse Model ... Antigen-Conjugated Human IgE Induces Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in a Humanized Mouse Model ...
Rat SLC3A2 / CD98 Heavy Chain Protein (Recombinant His) (Ala100-Ala527) | LS-G98478 | LSBio - Bio-Connect
CD98 Heavy Chain in Human. Order directly at bio-connect.nl ... CD98 Heavy Chain Protein LS-G98478 is Recombinant Rat SLC3A2 / ... 4F2; 4F2HC; 4T2HC; CD98; CD98HC; MDU1; NACAE; 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain; CD98 heavy chain; antigen defined by ... Rat SLC3A2 / CD98 Heavy Chain Protein (Recombinant His) (Ala100-Ala527). Catalog number:. LS-G98478_100ug. ... Product specifications for - Rat SLC3A2 / CD98 Heavy Chain Protein (Recombinant His) (Ala100-Ala527). Overview:. ...
SLC3A2 | SpringerLink
4F2hc; 4F2 heavy chain; CD98hc; CD98 heavy chain; FRP-1; Solute carrier family 3 (activators of dibasic and neutral amino acid ... Surface antigen CD98 (4F2): not a single membrane protein, but a family of proteins with multiple functions. J Membr Biol. 2000 ... 4F2hc; 4F2 heavy chain; CD98hc; CD98 heavy chain; FRP-1; Solute carrier family 3 (activators of dibasic and neutral amino acid ... and CD98-xCT during infection of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells, and CD98-xCT is essential for the postentry ...
CiNii Articles - MASUKO Takashi
Identification and Immunological Characterization of a Novel 40 - kDa Protein Linked to CD98 Antigen (1999) ... Colocalization of CP125/CD98 with Tropomyosin Isoforms at the Cell-Cell Adhesion Boundary^1 (2000) ... Multi-Color Flow Cytometric Analysis Using UV-Excited Fluorochromes : Study on the Expression of CD98 amino-acid transporter ( ... Expression of CD98 amino acid transporter on murine haematopoietic stem cells (2004) ...
Anti-Hu CD98 Biotin - EXBIO Antibodies
Exbio - Research products - Antibodies - CD and related antigens - Anti-Hu CD98 Biotin ... Cai S, Bulus N, Fonseca-Siesser PM, Chen D, Hanks SK, Pozzi A, Zent R: CD98 modulates integrin beta1 function in polarized ... Dalton P, Christian HC, Redman CW, Sargent IL, Boyd CA: Differential effect of cross-linking the CD98 heavy chain on fusion and ... Liu X, Charrier L, Gewirtz A, Sitaraman S, Merlin D: CD98 and intracellular adhesion molecule I regulate the activity of amino ...
Recombinant Human SLC3A2 cell lysate SLC3A2-2015HCL - Creative BioMart
Human CD98 / SLC3A2 derived in Human Cells. The whole cell lysate is provided in 1X Sample Buffer.Browse all transfected cell ... antigen defined by monoclonal 4F2; antigen identified by monoclonal antibodies 4F2; TRA1.10; TROP4; and T43; CD98; CD98 heavy ... 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain; 4F2; 4F2 cell surface antigen heavy chain; 4F2 heavy chain; 4F2HC; 4T2HC; ... antigen defined by monoclonal 4F2, heavy chain; antigen identified by monoclonal antibodies 4F2, TRA1.10, TROP4, and T43;. ...
Transporter expression and p-boronophenylalanine (BPA) | Open-i
PDF] Heteromeric amino acid transporters: biochemistry, genetics, and physiology. | Semantic Scholar
... also named CD98)] is involved in other cell functions that might be related to integrin activation. This review covers the ... In addition to the role in amino acid transport, one HSHAT [the heavy subunit of the cell-surface antigen 4F2 ( ... biochemistry, human genetics, and cell physiology of HATs, including the multifunctional character of CD98. ... Surface Antigen CD98(4F2): Not a Single Membrane Protein, But a Family of Proteins with Multiple Functions. Rosa Devés, C. A. R ...
Mouse Monoclonal anti-CD98 (IPO-T10) | Biotium
The Sixth International Workshop and Conference on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens, Kobe, Japan 1996 (Garland ... Mouse Monoclonal anti-CD98 (IPO-T10) CD98 exits as a heterodimer containing a disulphide-linked glycosylated heavy chain and a ... CD98 exits as a heterodimer containing a disulphide-linked glycosylated heavy chain and a non-glycosylated light chain. It is a ...
CIL:34182, Homo sapiens, endocrine-paracrine cell of prostate gland, basal cell of prostate epithelium, luminal cell of...
Tissue section of human prostate containing adenocarcinoma that has been immunostained for the cell-surface antigen CD98. ... Tissue section of human prostate containing adenocarcinoma that has been immunostained for the cell-surface antigen CD98. ... This image is part of a large collection of images generated from numerous specimens to characterize the distribution of CD98 ... This image is part of a large collection of immunohistochemistry images of cell-surface antigens generated by the SCGAP ...
CD98hc (SLC3A2) mediates integrin signaling | PNAS
CD98 is highly expressed in many tumors and transformed cells (28, 29). Increased expression is irrespective of tissue of ... To exclude the possibility that this result was ES cell-specific, we derived primary fibroblasts and SV40 large T antigen- ... CD98 promotes amino acid transport through its light chains; however, a CD98hc mutant that interacts with β1 integrins, but not ... CD98 heterodimers, comprised of a heavy chain (CD98hc, SLC3A2) and one of several light chains, interact with integrins through ...
Frontiers | Nutrient and Metabolic Sensing in T Cell Responses | Immunology
... and CD98. LAT1 associates with CD98, forming a bidirectional transporter for leucine and glutamine. The intracellular sensors ... Functional role of T-cell receptor nanoclusters in signal initiation and antigen discrimination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2016 ... Antigen-driven activation of T cells through TCRs upregulates expression of many amino acid transporters, including the leucine ... Hypoxia-inducible factors enhance the effector responses of CD8(+) T cells to persistent antigen. Nat Immunol (2013) 14:1173-82 ...
APC Family - Wikipedia
JCI -
Thioredoxin-1 confines T cell alloresponse and pathogenicity in graft-versus-host disease
... we measured CD98 expression and found that Trx1-Tg T cells expressed significantly lower levels of CD98 than WT T cells in ... By stimulating human T cells with allogeneic antigen-presenting cells in vitro, we observed that RTrx1 significantly reduced ... A) CD98 expression is shown on live donor-derived (H2Kb+) CD4+ and CD8+ cells in 1 representative recipient. (B) The MFI of ... Trx1 impacts donor T cell distribution in allo-BMT recipients. We found that Trx1 reduced ROS accumulation, CD98 upregulation, ...
Mouse Cell Surface Antigens: Nomenclature and Immunophenotyping | The Journal of Immunology
Surface molecules, including CD71 (transferrin receptor), CD98 (4F2), and CD69, are expressed by a wide range of activated cell ... Mouse Cell Surface Antigens: Nomenclature and Immunophenotyping Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from ... Mouse Cell Surface Antigens: Nomenclature and Immunophenotyping. Lily Lai, Noosheen Alaverdi, Lois Maltais and Herbert C. Morse ... Cell surface antigens expressed by subsets of pre-B cells and B cells. J. Immunol. 132: 332. ...
Cellular functions of the Rap1 GTP-binding protein: a pattern emerges | Journal of Cell Science
... and antigen-loaded antigen-presenting cells [APCs (Katagiri et al., 2002)]. R-Ras, another member of the Ras subfamily of small ... Suga, K., Katagiri, K., Kinashi, T., Harazaki, M., Iizuka, T., Hattori, M. and Minato, N. (2001). CD98 induces LFA-1-mediated ... Katagiri, K., Hattori, M., Minato, N. and Kinashi, T. (2002). Rap1 functions as a key regulator of T-cell and antigen- ... Rap1 activation potentiates the response to mitogenic stimuli in thyroid follicular cells and antigen-challenged thymocytes ( ...
JCI -
Tumor VEGF:VEGFR2 autocrine feed-forward loop triggers angiogenesis in lung cancer
Automated Synthesis of 18F-Fluoropropoxytryptophan for Amino Acid Transporter System Imaging
Nordic BioSite
CD and Related Antigens (Human) Notes. CD98 (4F2) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein which serves as the heavy chain of ... Mouse Monoclonal to CD98 Recommended Dilution. The purified antibody is conjugated with Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) under ... Besides its roles in amino acid transport, CD98 is thus involved in cell fusion and activation. It is implicated in regulation ... The antibody MEM-108 reacts with CD98, a 125 kDa disulfide-linked heterodimer (80 kDa glycosylated heavy chain + 45 kDa non- ...
Alterations in the Activity of Placental Amino Acid Transporters in Pregnancies Complicated by Diabetes | Diabetes
Frontiers | Extracellular Galectin-3 in Tumor Progression and Metastasis | Oncology
The role of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen in adhesion of human breast and prostate cancer cells to the endothelium. Cancer Res ( ... CD-98, CD-45, CD-71 (43-46), and the glycosylated transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptors for epidermal growth factor (EGF) (42 ... neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2), a transmembrane chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan expressed by pericytes in newly formed blood ... including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), mucin-1, lysosomal-membrane-associated glycoproteins (LAMPs)-1 and -2, Mac-1 and Mac- ...
Monoclonal Antibody-Mediated Chemotherapy - Trip Database
Ovarian carcinoma glyco-antigen targeted by human IgM antibody. Full Text available with Trip Pro. and demonstrate antibody- ... carried by CD147/CD98. Eighty four percent of patient samples, including platin resistant, had a tumor population (...) Ovarian ... Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) cells expression of a novel carbohydrate antigen was defined using a human VH4-34 encoded IgM ... Grade III) Immunological evaluation The role of the donor-speci?c human leukocyte antigen alloanti- bodies (DSA) on acute and ...
Ping Yin - Fingerprint
- Northwestern Scholars
TCDB » SEARCH
These glycoproteins include the CD98 heavy chain protein of Mus musculus (gbU25708) and the orthologous 4F2 cell surface ... antigen heavy chain of Homo sapiens (spP08195). The latter protein is required for the activity of the cystine/glutamate ... 2015). Brucella Intracellular Life Relies on the Transmembrane Protein CD98 Heavy Chain. J Infect Dis 211: 1769-1778. 25505297 ... 1998). Amino-acid transport by heterodimers of 4F2hc/CD98 and members of a permease family. Nature 395: 288-291. 9751058 ...
4F2hc7
- A functional LAT1 transporter is composed of two proteins encoded by two distinct genes: 4F2hc/CD98 heavy subunit protein encoded by the SLC3A2 gene (this gene) CD98 light subunit protein encoded by the SLC7A5 gene SLC3A2 has been shown to interact with SLC7A7. (wikipedia.org)
- CD98 (4F2 antigen) is expressed on a family of heterodimers composed of a common type II transmembrane heavy chain (CD98hc, 4F2hc, SLC3A2) and one of several light chains ( 3 ). (pnas.org)
- Pfeiffer R, Rossier G, Spindler B, Meier C, Kuhn L, Verrey F. Amino acid transport of y+L-type by heterodimers of 4F2hc/CD98 and members ofthe glycoprotein-associated amino acid transporter family.EMBO J. 1999 Jan 4;18(1):49-57. (tcdb.org)
- Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using 4F2hc/CD98 (D3F9D) XP ® Rabbit mAb (upper) and β-actin (D6A8) Rabbit mAb #8457 (lower). (cellsignal.com)
- Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma using 4F2hc/CD98 (D3F9D) XP ® Rabbit mAb. (cellsignal.com)
- Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human ovarian carcinoma using 4F2hc/CD98 (D3F9D) XP ® Rabbit mAb. (cellsignal.com)
- CD antigen CD98 is also known as 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain (4F2hc), 4F2 heavy chain antigen, Solute carrier family 3 member 2 (SLC3A2), Lymphocyte activation antigen 4F2 large subunit, is a single-pass type I I membrane protein which belongs to the SLC3A transporter family. (proteinkinase.biz)
SLC3A213
- 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC3A2 (solute carrier family 3 member 2) gene. (wikipedia.org)
- SLC3A2 comprises the heavy subunit of the large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT1) that is also known as CD98 (cluster of differentiation 98). (wikipedia.org)
- Human CD98 / SLC3A2 derived in Human Cells. (creativebiomart.net)
- CD98 heterodimers, comprised of a heavy chain (CD98hc, SLC3A2) and one of several light chains, interact with integrins through CD98hc. (pnas.org)
- The ELISA Genie Human 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain (SLC3A2) ELISA Kit can assay for Human 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain in the following samples: serum, blood, plasma, cell culture supernatant and other related supernatants and tissues. (elisagenie.com)
- How do our Human 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain (SLC3A2) ELISA Kits work? (elisagenie.com)
- The ELISA Genie Human 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain (SLC3A2) ELISA Kits are designed for the quantitative measurement of analytes in a wide variety of samples. (elisagenie.com)
- The amount of bound Human 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain is proportional to the signal generated by the reaction meaning the Human 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain (SLC3A2) ELISA Kit assay gives you a quantitative measurement of the analyte in your samples. (elisagenie.com)
- context" : "http://schema.org", "@type" : "Product", "name" : " Mouse 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain (Slc3a2) ELISA Kit", "image" : "https://www.elisagenie. (elisagenie.com)
- In this study, we identified the target antigen of mAb 3G9 as SLC3A2, and detected the expression profile of SLC3A2 in a panel of gastric cancer cell lines and GC tumor tissues. (oncotarget.com)
- SLC3A2 / CD98 is expressed ubiquitously in all tissues tested with highest levels detected in kidney, placenta and testis and weakest level in thymus. (proteinkinase.biz)
- SLC3A2 / CD98 is required for the function of light chain amino-acid transporters and also involved in sodium-independent, high-affinity transport of large neutral amino acids such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, arginine and tryptophan. (proteinkinase.biz)
- 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain, also known as 4F2 heavy chain antigen, Lymphocyte activation antigen 4F2 large subunit, CD98, SLC3A2 and MDU1, is a single-pass type I I membrane protein that belongs to the SLC3A transporter family. (sinobiological.com)
Antibody14
- CD98 Monoclonal antibody specifically detects CD98 in Human samples. (fishersci.com)
- The antibody MEM-108 reacts with CD98, a 125 kDa disulfide-linked heterodimer (80 kDa glycosylated heavy chain + 45 kDa non-glykosylated light chain). (exbio.cz)
- In 1950, the Duffy antigen was discovered in a multiply-transfused hemophiliac whose serum contained the first example of anti-Fya antibody . (wikipedia.org)
- [10] In 1951, the antibody to a second antigen, Fyb, was discovered in serum . (wikipedia.org)
- CD98 Light Chain antibody LS-A3096 is an unconjugated rabbit polyclonal antibody to CD98 Light Chain (SLC7A5) from human, dog and monkey. (lsbio.com)
- Characterization of antigen recognized by the monoclonal antibody (4F2): different molecular forms on human T and B lymphoblastoid cell lines. (ximbio.com)
- Calcium ionophore A23187 (A23187) inhibited human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV-2) replication in LLCMK2 cells and the inhibition was almost completely recovered by monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CD98 heavy chain (CD98HC). (ijsciences.com)
- Using a TotalSeq™-C antibody panel, the authors analyzed the surface proteome and T and B lymphocyte antigen receptors of patients with various severities of COVID-19. (biolegend.com)
- T cell activation-associated epitopes of CD147 in regulation of the T cell response, and their definition by antibody affinity and antigen density. (abnova.com)
- In this study, we examine protein kinase pathways that are activated following ligation by the CD98 antibody AHN-18, an antibody that induces U937 homotypic aggregation and inhibits antigen presenting activity and T-cell activation. (termsreign.cf)
- ADC is possible to deliver a drug as one of the functional molecules loaded on the antibody derivative, specifically into a target cell by endocytosis of a target antigen upon binding the antibody. (justia.com)
- Although effector function of the antibody has a mechanism of action outside of a cell mediated by an immune system, since ADC has an intracellular mechanism of action, it is possible to use it depending on biological characteristics of a target antigen. (justia.com)
- Although a critical role in human hematopoiesis and an oncosuppressor role in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) have been reported, only one polyclonal antibody (named chPTPRG) has been described as capable of recognizing the native antigen of this phosphatase by flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)
- However, polyclonal antibodies do not represent an unlimited source of antibody, and variability in the preparation and batch might affect specificity, affinity, and avidity toward the antigen. (biomedcentral.com)
CD98hc2
- The CD98 heterodimer consists of a 80-85 kDa heavy chain (CD98hc, also known as 4F2 antigen heavy chain or FRP-1) that is disulfide-linked with a multi-pass light chain of 40 kDa. (miltenyibiotec.com)
- however, a CD98hc mutant that interacts with β1 integrins, but not CD98 light chains, restored integrin-dependent signaling and protection from apoptosis. (pnas.org)
Antibodies8
- Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against trypanosoma cruzi-associated antigens. (nii.ac.jp)
- CD antigens for cluster of differentiation, which indicates a defined subset of cellular surface receptors (epitopes) that identify cell type and stage of differentiation, and which are recognized by antibodies. (sinobiological.com)
- Presence of BiTEs, ADC, monoclonal antibodies and tri-functional antibodies for targeting different CD antigens has been commercialized. (marketreport.jp)
- Some of the progress could be observed in case of monoclonal antibodies and same scenario could be observed for other CD antigen cancer therapeutics in coming years. (marketreport.jp)
- See our complete line of Immunohistochemistry Reagents including antigen retrieval solutions, blocking agents ABC Detection Kits and polymers, biotinylated secondary antibodies, substrates and more. (lsbio.com)
- Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: expression of monocyte/macrophage differentiation antigens detected with monoclonal antibodies. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Cross-reactivity of monoclonal antibodies to defined human leucocyte differentiation antigens with bovine cells. (ox.ac.uk)
- Thirty-seven subpanels of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) included within the Vth International Workshop on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens (Vth Workshop) were assayed for reactivity with bovine peripheral blood leucocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
Protein11
- Surface antigen CD98 (4F2): not a single membrane protein, but a family of proteins with multiple functions. (springer.com)
- Cho JY, Skubitz KM, Katz DR, Chain BM: CD98-dependent homotypic aggregation is associated with translocation of protein kinase Cdelta and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. (exbio.cz)
- These glycoproteins include the CD98 heavy chain protein of Mus musculus (gbU25708) and the orthologous 4F2 cell surface antigen heavy chain of Homo sapiens (spP08195). (wikipedia.org)
- We recently have identified the vertebrate proteins which mediate Na+-independent exchange of large neutral amino acids corresponding to transport system L. This transporter consists of a novel amino acid permease-related protein (LAT1 or AmAT-L-lc) which for surface expression and function requires formation of disulfide-linked heterodimers with the glycosylated heavy chain of the h4F2/CD98 surface antigen. (tcdb.org)
- Duffy antigen/chemokine receptor ( DARC ), also known as Fy glycoprotein ( FY ) or CD234 ( C luster of D ifferentiation 234), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACKR1 gene . (wikipedia.org)
- Melchior A, Denys A, Deligny A, Mazurier J, Allain F: Cyclophilin B induces integrin-mediated cell adhesion by a mechanism involving CD98-dependent activation of protein kinase C-delta and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinases. (exbio.cz)
- A heterodimeric protein that is a cell surface antigen associated with lymphocyte activation. (bvsalud.org)
- An antigen-presenting protein that binds self and non-self lipid and glycolipid antigens and presents them to T-cell receptors on natural killer T-cells. (advancedcancerresearchinstitute.com)
- Recombinant human CD98 Protein (Human CD98, His Tag) Arg 206 - Ala 630 (Accession # AAH01061) was produced in human 293 cells (HEK293) at ACROBiosystems. (proteinkinase.biz)
- A transmembrane glyco Protein Subunit that can dimerize with a variety of Light chain subunits ( Antigens, CD98 Light Chains ). (online-medical-dictionary.org)
- We have focused our attention on the PDZ domain from hCASK (Human calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase) that binds extracellular CD98 in epithelial cells, being this antigen recognized as a marker for several human tumors and particularly considered a negative prognostic marker for human glioblastoma. (univaq.it)
Differentiation antigen4
- THY mocyte differentiation antigen 1Detection range0. (elisagenie.com)
- Immunoselection in vivo: independent loss of MHC class I and melanocyte differentiation antigen expression in metastatic melanoma. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The markers were derived during a series of Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen workshops. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The CD14 monocyte differentiation antigen maps to a region encoding growth factors and receptors. (thefreedictionary.com)
Integrin9
- CD98-mediated links between amino acid transport and beta 1 integrin distribution in polarized columnar epithelia. (lookformedical.com)
- Since LAT-2 is most heavily expressed in intestine and CD98 associates with the beta(1) integrin splice form selectively found in such epithelia, we investigated the relationship and polarity of these proteins using the intestinal epithelial model Caco2-BBE. (lookformedical.com)
- CD98 was found to selectively coimmunoprecipitate with both LAT-2 and beta(1) integrin, and, logically, all three proteins were polarized to the same (basolateral) domain. (lookformedical.com)
- Furthermore, expression of CD98 in polarized epithelia lacking human CD98 (MDCK cells) disrupted beta(1) integrin surface distribution and cytoskeletal architecture, suggesting that CD98 can influence integrin function. (lookformedical.com)
- We conclude that the CD98/LAT-2 amino acid transporter is polarized to the same domain on which beta(1) integrin resides. (lookformedical.com)
- CD98 appears to associate with beta(1) integrin and, in doing so, may influence its function as revealed by disruption of the outside-in signaling that confers cytoskeletal organization. (lookformedical.com)
- Complementation of dominant suppression implicates CD98 in integrin activation. (springer.com)
- This I-domain containing alpha integrin combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), which is expressed on all leukocytes. (cancerindex.org)
- Integrin signaling may be regulated by a number of mechanisms including accessory proteins such as CD98 (4F2 antigen). (ac.ir)
Subunit1
- the alpha subunit of Mac-1 (Macrophage-1 antigen), the CR3 complement receptor which consists of CD11b and CD18. (advancedcancerresearchinstitute.com)
Receptors2
- Non peptide antigen presentation to T-cell receptors on NKT cells. (sinobiological.com)
- Non-peptide antigen presentation to T-cell receptors on NKT cells, marks T-cells at the short cortical thymic stage of differentiation. (abcam.co.jp)
SLC7A51
- When associated with SLC7A5 or SLC7A8, CD98 involved in the cellular activity of small molecular weight nitrosothiols, via the stereoselective transport of L-nitrosocysteine (L-CNSO) across the transmembrane. (proteinkinase.biz)
Type II membrane glycoprotein1
- Clone REA387 recognizes the human CD98 antigen, a single-pass type II membrane glycoprotein. (miltenyibiotec.com)
Heterodimer2
- In non-polarized cells, CD98 has been shown to both influence beta(1) integrins and heterodimerize with LAT-2, which confers amino acid transport capability on the LAT-2/CD98 heterodimer. (lookformedical.com)
- CD98 exits as a heterodimer containing a disulphide-linked glycosylated heavy chain and a non-glycosylated light chain. (biotium.com)
CD143
- Antigens, CD14" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Antigens, CD14" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Antigens, CD14" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Antigens, CD14" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
Chains2
- Antigens cd98 light chains. (lookformedical.com)
- CD98, linked to various light chains by disulfide bond, is responsible for cell surface expression and basolateral localization of this transporter complex in polarized epithelial cells and also interacts with beta1 integrins and increases their affinity for ligand. (nordicbiosite.com)
Amino acid transport4
- Genetic disruption of the multifunctional CD98/LAT1 complex demonstrates the key role of essential amino acid transport in the control of mTORC1 and tumor growth. (springer.com)
- Dalton P, Christian HC, Redman CW, Sargent IL, Boyd CA: Differential effect of cross-linking the CD98 heavy chain on fusion and amino acid transport in the human placental trophoblast (BeWo) cell line. (exbio.cz)
- Besides its roles in amino acid transport, CD98 is thus involved in cell fusion and activation. (nordicbiosite.com)
- Bertran J, Magagnin S, Werner A, Markovich D, Biber J, Testar X, Zorzano A, Kuhn LC, Palacin M, Murer H. Stimulation of system y( $^+$ )-like amino acid transport by the heavy chain of human 4F2 surface antigen in Xenopus laevis oocytes. (koreascience.or.kr)
Human18
- Tissue, cells or virus corresponding to Human CD98. (abcam.com)
- Human endometrial CD98 is essential for blastocyst adhesion. (springer.com)
- Tissue section of human prostate containing adenocarcinoma that has been immunostained for the cell-surface antigen CD98. (cellimagelibrary.org)
- This image is part of a large collection of images generated from numerous specimens to characterize the distribution of CD98 in human prostate tissue. (cellimagelibrary.org)
- Links are provided below for the UESC Project database, the entire human prostate immunostain summary, the CD98 immunostain summary, and information on the specimen that this image is from. (cellimagelibrary.org)
- Other images of CD98 human prostate immunostains are accessible following the group link. (cellimagelibrary.org)
- context" : "http://schema.org", "@type" : "Product", "name" : " Human Cell surface A33 antigen (GPA33) ELISA Kit", "image" : "https://www.elisagenie. (elisagenie.com)
- context" : "http://schema.org", "@type" : "Product", "name" : " Human CD98 ELISA Kit", "image" : "https://www.elisagenie.com/product_images/v/648/EH2042__57925.jpg", "description" : "Human CD98. (elisagenie.com)
- The CD antigens / Cluster of differentiation nomenclature was established in the 1st International Workshop and Conference on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens (HLDA), which was held in Paris in 1982. (sinobiological.com)
- Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human appendix using Na,K-ATPase α1 (D4Y7E) Rabbit mAb in the presence of control peptide (left) or antigen-specific peptide (right). (cellsignal.com)
- The human 4F2 antigen: evidence for cryptic and noncryptic epitopes and for a role of 4F2 in human T lymphocyte activation. (abnova.com)
- Less than 1.0 EU per μg of the Human CD98, His Tag by the LAL method. (proteinkinase.biz)
- We systematically reviewed the literature on immunological features of HPV-associated OPSCCs, and report that a high number of cytotoxic T cells (CD8s) and a low number of CD98 positive cells is associated with better outcome, while an increased CD4/CD8 ratio and a high human leukocyte antigen 1 (HLA1) intensity is most likely associated with worse outcome. (readbyqxmd.com)
- Evaluation of CD98 Expression in Normal and Osteoarthritic Human Articular Chondrocytes', Iranian Journal of Immunology , 3(3), pp. 127-135. (ac.ir)
- To determine CD98 expression by human articular chondrocytes and its involvement in human articular mechanotransduction. (ac.ir)
- Human articular chondrocytes express CD98 and immunoreactivity revealed a similar heterogeneous pattern of CD98 in both normal and osteoarthritic (OA) human articular cartilage. (ac.ir)
- The expression levels of 242 cell surface antigens were screened in cultured human and monkey CECs using flow cytometry. (arvojournals.org)
- The investigation has allowed the identification of several bovine homologues of human CD antigens that have not been previously defined in cattle and the cross-reacting mAbs will be valuable reagents for future investigations of bovine immunology. (ox.ac.uk)
Surface4
- This image is part of a large collection of immunohistochemistry images of cell-surface antigens generated by the SCGAP Urologic Epithelial Stem Cells (UESC) Project. (cellimagelibrary.org)
- The CD antigens are protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophenotyping of cells. (sinobiological.com)
- The Duffy antigen is located on the surface of red blood cells , and is named after the patient in whom it was discovered. (wikipedia.org)
- A cell surface antigen that is expressed only during a specific period of embryological differentiation. (thefreedictionary.com)
LAT12
- CD69 controls the uptake of L-tryptophan through LAT1-CD98 and AhR-dependent secretion of IL-22 in psoriasis. (springer.com)
- CD98 involved in guiding and targeting of LAT1 and LAT2 to the plasma membrane. (proteinkinase.biz)
Different CD antigens1
- mAbs from each of the 27 different CD groups that contained a mAb reacting with cattle were further investigated to compare the cellular expression of the antigen in cattle with that reported for the different CD antigens in humans. (ox.ac.uk)
Receptor1
- Within the TREM receptor family, TREM-2 is selectively expressed on monocyte-derived DCs and promotes DC migration and activation in vitro, suggesting that it may have a role in antigen presentation and T cell stimulation in vivo ( 2 ). (rupress.org)
Activation3
- Xu D, Hemler ME: Metabolic activation-related CD147-CD98 complex. (exbio.cz)
- CD69 was first described as the activation antigen expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and T lymphocytes upon in vitro stimulation with interleukin (IL)-2 (Lanier et al. (springer.com)
- Nielsen, Afzelius, Ersbøll, Nielsen, Hansen: Expression of the activation antigen CD69 predicts functionality of in vitro expanded peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors and HIV-infected patients. (antikoerper-online.de)
Peptide2
- Non peptide antigen presentation. (abcam.co.jp)
- Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include peptide antigen binding and antiporter activity . (genecards.org)
Homotypic aggregation1
- The functional interactions between CD98, beta1-integrins, and CD147 in the induction of U937 homotypic aggregation. (ximbio.com)
Heavy1
- CD98 (4F2) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein which serves as the heavy chain of the heterodimeric amino acid transporters (HATs). (nordicbiosite.com)
Gene2
- The Duffy antigen gene was the fourth gene associated with the resistance after the genes responsible for sickle cell anaemia , thalassemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase . (wikipedia.org)
- [6] The gene was first localised to chromosome 1 in 1968, and was the first blood system antigen to be localised. (wikipedia.org)
Expression2
- Expression of a CD98 mutant lacking the specific residues conferring LAT-2 binding similarly affected cells, confirming that the latter effect was not due to LAT-2 sequestration. (lookformedical.com)
- CD98 expression was assessed by immunostaining of cryostat sections of snap frozen articular cartilage and in cultured cells by western blotting. (ac.ir)