Antigens, CD
Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.
Antigens, CD8
Antigens, Neoplasm
Antigens, CD3
Complex of at least five membrane-bound polypeptides in mature T-lymphocytes that are non-covalently associated with one another and with the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL). The CD3 complex includes the gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, and eta chains (subunits). When antigen binds to the T-cell receptor, the CD3 complex transduces the activating signals to the cytoplasm of the T-cell. The CD3 gamma and delta chains (subunits) are separate from and not related to the gamma/delta chains of the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA).
Antigens, Surface
Antigens, CD38
Antigens, CD34
Antigens, CD19
Antigens, CD40
A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily with specificity for CD40 LIGAND. It is found on mature B-LYMPHOCYTES and some EPITHELIAL CELLS, lymphoid DENDRITIC CELLS. Evidence suggests that CD40-dependent activation of B-cells is important for generation of memory B-cells within the germinal centers. Mutations of the gene for CD40 antigen result in HYPER-IGM IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, TYPE 3. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.
CD40 Ligand
Antigens, CD20
Antigens, CD28
Antigens, CD44
Acidic sulfated integral membrane glycoproteins expressed in several alternatively spliced and variable glycosylated forms on a wide variety of cell types including mature T-cells, B-cells, medullary thymocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, erythrocytes, and fibroblasts. CD44 antigens are the principle cell surface receptors for hyaluronate and this interaction mediates binding of lymphocytes to high endothelial venules. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)
Antigens, CD7
Antigens, CD14
Antigens, CD2
CD4-CD8 Ratio
Antigens, CD5
Glycoproteins expressed on all mature T-cells, thymocytes, and a subset of mature B-cells. Antibodies specific for CD5 can enhance T-cell receptor-mediated T-cell activation. The B-cell-specific molecule CD72 is a natural ligand for CD5. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)
Antigens, Differentiation
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.
Antigens, CD1
Antigens, CD56
Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase
A membrane-bound or cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). This enzyme generally catalyzes the hydrolysis of cADPR to ADP-RIBOSE, as well, and sometimes the synthesis of cyclic ADP-ribose 2' phosphate (2'-P-cADPR) from NADP.
Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic
Antigens, CD80
A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CD28 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD80 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a costimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.
Antigens, CD53
Antigens, CD24
Antigens, CD13
Antigens, Protozoan
T-Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.
Antigens, CD86
A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CD28 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD86 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a stimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.
Flow Cytometry
Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.
B-Lymphocytes
Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming
Polyomavirus antigens which cause infection and cellular transformation. The large T antigen is necessary for the initiation of viral DNA synthesis, repression of transcription of the early region and is responsible in conjunction with the middle T antigen for the transformation of primary cells. Small T antigen is necessary for the completion of the productive infection cycle.
Antigens, CD95
A tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype found in a variety of tissues and on activated LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for FAS LIGAND and plays a role in regulation of peripheral immune responses and APOPTOSIS. Multiple isoforms of the protein exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. The activated receptor signals via a conserved death domain that associates with specific TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS in the CYTOPLASM.
HLA Antigens
Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte
Antigens, CD45
High-molecular weight glycoproteins uniquely expressed on the surface of LEUKOCYTES and their hemopoietic progenitors. They contain a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase activity which plays a role in intracellular signaling from the CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. The CD45 antigens occur as multiple isoforms that result from alternative mRNA splicing and differential usage of three exons.
Immunophenotyping
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3
A 67-kDa sialic acid binding lectin that is specific for MYELOID CELLS and MONOCYTE-MACROPHAGE PRECURSOR CELLS. This protein is the smallest siglec subtype and contains a single immunoglobulin C2-set domain. It may play a role in intracellular signaling via its interaction with SHP-1 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE and SHP-2 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE.
Antigens, Helminth
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
Molecules on the surface of T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with antigens. The receptors are non-covalently associated with a complex of several polypeptides collectively called CD3 antigens (ANTIGENS, CD3). Recognition of foreign antigen and the major histocompatibility complex is accomplished by a single heterodimeric antigen-receptor structure, composed of either alpha-beta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, ALPHA-BETA) or gamma-delta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA) chains.
Antigens, CD18
Lymphocyte Activation
Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.
Antigens, CD30
A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that may play a role in the regulation of NF-KAPPA B and APOPTOSIS. They are found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; MAST CELLS and NK CELLS. Overexpression of CD30 antigen in hematopoietic malignancies make the antigen clinically useful as a biological tumor marker. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Antigens, CD9
Carcinoembryonic Antigen
HLA-DR Antigens
Antigens, CD15
Antigens, Viral, Tumor
Antigens, CD43
Antigens, CD36
Leukocyte differentiation antigens and major platelet membrane glycoproteins present on MONOCYTES; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; PLATELETS; and mammary EPITHELIAL CELLS. They play major roles in CELL ADHESION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; and regulation of angiogenesis. CD36 is a receptor for THROMBOSPONDINS and can act as a scavenger receptor that recognizes and transports oxidized LIPOPROTEINS and FATTY ACIDS.
Amino Acid Sequence
Antigens, CD11
A group of three different alpha chains (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c) that are associated with an invariant CD18 beta chain (ANTIGENS, CD18). The three resulting leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE ADHESION) are LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1; MACROPHAGE-1 ANTIGEN; and ANTIGEN, P150,95.
Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
Large, transmembrane, non-covalently linked glycoproteins (alpha and beta). Both chains can be polymorphic although there is more structural variation in the beta chains. The class II antigens in humans are called HLA-D ANTIGENS and are coded by a gene on chromosome 6. In mice, two genes named IA and IE on chromosome 17 code for the H-2 antigens. The antigens are found on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, epidermal cells, and sperm and are thought to mediate the competence of and cellular cooperation in the immune response. The term IA antigens used to refer only to the proteins encoded by the IA genes in the mouse, but is now used as a generic term for any class II histocompatibility antigen.
Histocompatibility Antigens
A group of antigens that includes both the major and minor histocompatibility antigens. The former are genetically determined by the major histocompatibility complex. They determine tissue type for transplantation and cause allograft rejections. The latter are systems of allelic alloantigens that can cause weak transplant rejection.
Antigens, CD59
Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. PCNA is required for the coordinated synthesis of both leading and lagging strands at the replication fork during DNA replication. PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types.
Antigens, CD57
Antigens, CD70
A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds to CD27 ANTIGEN. It is found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS where it plays a role in stimulating the proliferation of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES and CD8-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES.
Antigens, CD46
Lectins, C-Type
Antigens, CD58
Antigens, CD4
55-kDa antigens found on HELPER-INDUCER T-LYMPHOCYTES and on a variety of other immune cell types. CD4 antigens are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are implicated as associative recognition elements in MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX class II-restricted immune responses. On T-lymphocytes they define the helper/inducer subset. CD4 antigens also serve as INTERLEUKIN-15 receptors and bind to the HIV receptors, binding directly to the HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120.
Antigens, CD47
Antigens, CD11b
Base Sequence
Prostate-Specific Antigen
Antigens, CD11c
O Antigens
The lipopolysaccharide-protein somatic antigens, usually from gram-negative bacteria, important in the serological classification of enteric bacilli. The O-specific chains determine the specificity of the O antigens of a given serotype. O antigens are the immunodominant part of the lipopolysaccharide molecule in the intact bacterial cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
HLA-A2 Antigen
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.
Immunohistochemistry
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Immunoglobulin G
Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate
Antigens, CD55
Antigens, CD31
Tumor Cells, Cultured
Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
Membrane glycoproteins consisting of an alpha subunit and a BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN beta subunit. In humans, highly polymorphic genes on CHROMOSOME 6 encode the alpha subunits of class I antigens and play an important role in determining the serological specificity of the surface antigen. Class I antigens are found on most nucleated cells and are generally detected by their reactivity with alloantisera. These antigens are recognized during GRAFT REJECTION and restrict cell-mediated lysis of virus-infected cells.
Antigens, CD81
Cells, Cultured
Antigens, CD137
A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specific for 4-1BB LIGAND. It is found in a variety of immune cell types including activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; NATURAL KILLER CELLS; and DENDRITIC CELLS. Activation of the receptor on T-LYMPHOCYTES plays a role in their expansion, production of cytokines and survival. Signaling by the activated receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.
Cell Differentiation
Lymphocytes
White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.
Monocytes
HLA-A Antigens
Polymorphic class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens present on almost all nucleated cells. At least 20 antigens have been identified which are encoded by the A locus of multiple alleles on chromosome 6. They serve as targets for T-cell cytolytic responses and are involved with acceptance or rejection of tissue/organ grafts.
Cross Reactions
Dendritic Cells
Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).
Receptors, Interleukin-2
Receptors present on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES and B-LYMPHOCYTES that are specific for INTERLEUKIN-2 and play an important role in LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION. They are heterotrimeric proteins consisting of the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT, the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR BETA SUBUNIT, and the INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA-CHAIN.
Blood Group Antigens
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Antigens, CD63
Transfection
Antibody Specificity
Antigens, CD151
Antigens, CD79
Fluorescent Antibody Technique
Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.
HLA-D Antigens
Human immune-response or Class II antigens found mainly, but not exclusively, on B-lymphocytes and produced from genes of the HLA-D locus. They are extremely polymorphic families of glycopeptides, each consisting of two chains, alpha and beta. This group of antigens includes the -DR, -DQ and -DP designations, of which HLA-DR is most studied; some of these glycoproteins are associated with certain diseases, possibly of immune etiology.
CD30 Ligand
Phenotype
N-Glycosyl Hydrolases
Burkitt Lymphoma
A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.
Receptors, Antigen
Immunization
Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).
Antibody Formation
Antigens, CD11a
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Hepatitis B Antigens
Bone Marrow
The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.
Antigen-Antibody Reactions
Immune Sera
Macrophages
The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)
Mice, SCID
Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.
T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Cell Division
Antigen-Presenting Cells
A heterogeneous group of immunocompetent cells that mediate the cellular immune response by processing and presenting antigens to the T-cells. Traditional antigen-presenting cells include MACROPHAGES; DENDRITIC CELLS; LANGERHANS CELLS; and B-LYMPHOCYTES. FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS are not traditional antigen-presenting cells, but because they hold antigen on their cell surface in the form of IMMUNE COMPLEXES for B-cell recognition they are considered so by some authors.
Herpesvirus 4, Human
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta
HLA-B Antigens
Class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens encoded by more than 30 detectable alleles on locus B of the HLA complex, the most polymorphic of all the HLA specificities. Several of these antigens (e.g., HLA-B27, -B7, -B8) are strongly associated with predisposition to rheumatoid and other autoimmune disorders. Like other class I HLA determinants, they are involved in the cellular immune reactivity of cytolytic T lymphocytes.
Immunologic Memory
Bone Marrow Cells
Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
Mice, Transgenic
MART-1 Antigen
Antigens, CD147
HIV Antigens
CTLA-4 Antigen
HL-60 Cells
A promyelocytic cell line derived from a patient with ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. HL-60 cells lack specific markers for LYMPHOID CELLS but express surface receptors for FC FRAGMENTS and COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS. They also exhibit phagocytic activity and responsiveness to chemotactic stimuli. (From Hay et al., American Type Culture Collection, 7th ed, pp127-8)
Antigens, CD82
Immunoenzyme Techniques
Antibodies
Gene Expression
Antigens, Thy-1
Cytokines
Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.
Immune Tolerance
The specific failure of a normally responsive individual to make an immune response to a known antigen. It results from previous contact with the antigen by an immunologically immature individual (fetus or neonate) or by an adult exposed to extreme high-dose or low-dose antigen, or by exposure to radiation, antimetabolites, antilymphocytic serum, etc.
Immunity, Cellular
Thymus Gland
A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat.
Autoantigens
Clone Cells
A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens
Interleukin-2
Immunoglobulin M
Biological Markers
Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.
H-Y Antigen
Antigens, CD146
Antigens, Heterophile
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
Interferon-gamma
The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.
Antigens, CD98
A heterodimeric protein that is a cell surface antigen associated with lymphocyte activation. The initial characterization of this protein revealed one identifiable heavy chain (ANTIGENS, CD98 HEAVY CHAIN) and an indeterminate smaller light chain. It is now known that a variety of light chain subunits (ANTIGENS, CD98 LIGHT CHAINS) can dimerize with the heavy chain. Depending upon its light chain composition a diverse array of functions can be found for this protein. Functions include: type L amino acid transport, type y+L amino acid transport and regulation of cellular fusion.
Hepatitis B Core Antigens
Peptides
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
Antigen-Antibody Complex
Lymph Nodes
Immunodiffusion
HLA-DQ Antigens
Signal Transduction
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.
Mice, Inbred Strains
Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.
Forssman Antigen
Rabbits
Antigens, CD274
Complement Fixation Tests
Serologic tests based on inactivation of complement by the antigen-antibody complex (stage 1). Binding of free complement can be visualized by addition of a second antigen-antibody system such as red cells and appropriate red cell antibody (hemolysin) requiring complement for its completion (stage 2). Failure of the red cells to lyse indicates that a specific antigen-antibody reaction has taken place in stage 1. If red cells lyse, free complement is present indicating no antigen-antibody reaction occurred in stage 1.
Simian virus 40
Glycoproteins
Adjuvants, Immunologic
Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.
Isoantigens
Hybridomas
gp100 Melanoma Antigen
Major Histocompatibility Complex
The genetic region which contains the loci of genes which determine the structure of the serologically defined (SD) and lymphocyte-defined (LD) TRANSPLANTATION ANTIGENS, genes which control the structure of the IMMUNE RESPONSE-ASSOCIATED ANTIGENS, HUMAN; the IMMUNE RESPONSE GENES which control the ability of an animal to respond immunologically to antigenic stimuli, and genes which determine the structure and/or level of the first four components of complement.
Killer Cells, Natural
Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.
Immunoelectrophoresis
A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.
Antigen-stimulated dissociation of BCR mIg from Ig-alpha/Ig-beta: implications for receptor desensitization. (1/221)
B cell antigen receptor (BCR) ligation leads to receptor desensitization wherein BCR remain competent to bind antigen and yet fail to transduce signals. Desensitized BCR exhibit a defect at the most proximal level of signal transduction, consistent with failed transmission of signals through the receptor complex. We report that antigen stimulation leads to dissociation or destabilization of the BCR reflected by inability to coimmunoprecipitate Ig-alpha/Ig-beta with mIg. This destabilization is temporally correlated with desensitization and occurs in BCR containing mIgM and mIgD. Induction of BCR destabilization requires tyrosine kinase activation but is not induced by phosphatase inhibitors. BCR destabilization occurs at the cell surface and "dissociated" Ig-alpha/Ig-beta complexes remain responsive to anti-Ig-beta stimulation, suggesting that mIg-transducer uncoupling may mediate receptor desensitization. (+info)An alternatively spliced form of CD79b gene may account for altered B-cell receptor expression in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (2/221)
Several functional anomalies of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells may be explained by abnormalities of the B-cell receptor (BCR), a multimeric complex formed by the sIg homodimer and the noncovalently bound heterodimer Igalpha/Igbeta (CD79a/CD79b). Because the expression of the extracellular Ig-like domain of CD79b has been reported to be absent in the cells of most CLL cases, we have investigated the molecular mechanisms that may account for this defect. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 50 patients and two cell lines (MEC1, MEC2) obtained from the PBL of one of them were studied. MEC1, MEC2, and 75% of CLL cases did not express detectable levels of the extracellular Ig-like domain of CD79b, which was nevertheless present in greater than 80% CD19(+) cells from normal donors. In healthy subjects the expression of CD79b was equally distributed in CD5(+) and CD5(-) B-cell subsets. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of CD79b RNA from all patients and from MEC1 and MEC2 cell lines consistently yielded two fragments of different size (709 bp and 397 bp). The 709-bp band corresponds to CD79b entire transcript; the 397-bp band corresponds to an alternatively spliced form lacking exon 3 that encodes the extracellular Ig-like domain. Both fragments were also visible in normal PBL. The expression of the 397-bp fragment was increased in normal activated B cells, while no difference was seen between CD5(+) and CD5(-) B cells. To obtain a more accurate estimate of the relative proportions of the two spliced forms, a radioactive PCR was performed in 13 normal and 22 B-CLL samples and the results analyzed using a digital imager. The mean value of the CD79b to the CD79b internally deleted ratio was 0.64 +/- 0.20 SD in normal donors and 0.44 +/- 0.27 SD in B-CLL (P =.01). Direct sequencing of 397-bp RT-PCR products and of genomic DNA corresponding to exon 3 from MEC1, MEC2, their parental cells, and five fresh B-CLL samples did not show any causal mutation. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of exon 3 performed in 18 additional B-CLL cases showed a single abnormal shift corresponding to a TGT --> TGC polymorphic change at amino acid 122. We propose a role for the alternative splicing of CD79b gene in causing the reduced expression of BCR on the surface of B-CLL cells. As normal B cells also present this variant, the mechanism of CD79b posttranscriptional regulation might reflect the activation stage of the normal B cell from which B-CLL derives. (+info)Quantitative analysis of CD79b, CD5 and CD19 in mature B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. (3/221)
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Distinction between B-cell chronic leukemias can be difficult due to overlap in cell morphology and immunologic features. We investigated, by quantitative flow cytometry, the expression of CD79b, CD5 and CD19 in cells from a variety of B-cell disorders to see whether this analysis adds further information useful to the diagnosis and characterization of these diseases. DESIGN AND METHODS: Peripheral blood cells from 6 normal individuals were used as reference controls. The diseases of the 63 patients investigated comprised: 29 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), six of them with atypical morphology, 6 B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL), 12 splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes (SLVL) and 16 mantle-cell (Mc) lymphoma in leukemic phase. The study was carried out by triple immunostaining with directly conjugated monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) against CD79b, CD5 and CD19 and quantitative estimation of the antigens per cell assessed with standard microbeads (Quantum Simply Cellular). RESULTS: Compared to normal B-cells, the number of CD19 molecules was significantly lower in cells from all of the B-cell disorders except PLL. The intensity of CD5 in leukemic B-cells was significantly higher in CLL cells, including atypical cases, and Mc lymphoma than in normal B-cells, whilst PLL and SLVL had values similar to those of normal B-lymphocytes. CD79b was expressed at lower levels in all types of leukemic cells compared to normal B-lymphocytes but differences were statistically significant in CLL, Mc lymphoma and SLVL. The number of CD79b molecules per cell was significantly lower in typical CLL than in the remaining B-cell diseases whilst the comparison of CD5 and CD19 intensity between CLL and non-CLL samples failed to show any statistically significant difference. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Distinct antigen density patterns for the various conditions emerged from this analysis: Typical CLL was characterized by moderate CD5 and weak or negative CD79b expression. Mc lymphoma showed an homogeneous pattern, characterized by similar expression of CD5 than CLL but significantly stronger expression of CD79b whilst PLL and SLVL had weak CD5 and moderate CD79b expression. Atypical CLL had an intermediate pattern of CD79b antigen expression ranging from weak to moderate with bright CD5. Unlike CD5 and CD79b, CD19 did not discriminate the various B-cell disorders but only between normal and leukemic cells. (+info)Ig alpha and Ig beta are required for efficient trafficking to late endosomes and to enhance antigen presentation. (4/221)
The B cell Ag receptor (BCR) is a multimeric complex, containing Ig alpha and Ig beta, capable of internalizing and delivering specific Ags to specialized late endosomes, where they are processed into peptides for loading onto MHC class II molecules. By this mechanism, the presentation of receptor-selected epitopes to T cells is enhanced by several orders of magnitude. Previously, it has been reported that, under some circumstances, either Ig alpha or Ig beta can facilitate the presentation of Ags. However, we now demonstrate that if these Ags are at low concentrations and temporally restricted, both Ig alpha and Ig beta are required. When compared with the BCR, chimeric complexes containing either chain alone were internalized but failed to access the MHC class II-enriched compartment (MIIC) or induce the aggregation and fusion of its constituent vesicles. Furthermore, Ig alpha/Ig beta complexes in which the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif tyrosines of Ig alpha were mutated were also incapable of accessing the MIIC or of facilitating the presentation of Ag. These data indicate that both Ig alpha and Ig beta contribute signaling, and possibly other functions, to the BCR that are necessary and sufficient to reconstitute the trafficking and Ag-processing enhancing capacities of the intact receptor complex. (+info)Modifications of Igalpha and Igbeta expression as a function of B lineage differentiation. (5/221)
Transcription of the mb1 and B29 genes is initiated when lymphoid progenitors enter the B cell differentiation pathway, and their transmembrane Igalpha and Igbeta products constitute essential signaling components of pre-B and B cell antigen receptors. We analyzed Igalpha/Igbeta biosynthesis, heterogeneity, and molecular interactions as a function of human B lineage differentiation in cell lines representative of the pro-B, pre-B, and B cell stages. All B lineage representatives produced a 36-kDa Igbeta form and three principal Igalpha forms, transient 33/40-kDa species and a mature 44-kDa glycoprotein. Deglycosylation revealed a major Igalpha core protein of 25 kDa and a minor 21-kDa Igalpha protein, apparently the product of an alternatively spliced mRNA. In pro-B cells, the Igalpha and Igbeta molecules existed primarily in separate unassembled pools, exhibited an immature glycosylation pattern, did not associate with surrogate light chain proteins, and were retained intracellularly. Their unanticipated association with the Lyn protein-tyrosine kinase nevertheless suggests functional potential for the Igalpha/Igbeta molecules in pro-B cells. Greater heterogeneity of the Igalpha and Igbeta molecules in pre-B and B cell lines was attributable to increased glycosylation complexity. Finally, the Igalpha/Igbeta heterodimers associated with fully assembled IgM molecules as a terminal event in B cell receptor assembly. (+info)Mutations in Igalpha (CD79a) result in a complete block in B-cell development. (6/221)
Mutations in Btk, mu heavy chain, or the surrogate light chain account for 85-90% of patients with early onset hypogammaglobulinemia and absent B cells. The nature of the defect in the remaining patients is unknown. We screened 25 such patients for mutations in genes encoding components of the pre-B-cell receptor (pre-BCR) complex. A 2-year-old girl was found to have a homozygous splice defect in Igalpha, a transmembrane protein that forms part of the Igalpha/Igbeta signal-transduction module of the pre-BCR. Studies in mice suggest that the Igbeta component of the pre-BCR influences V-DJ rearrangement before cell-surface expression of mu heavy chain. To determine whether Igalpha plays a similar role, we compared B-cell development in an Igalpha-deficient patient with that seen in a mu heavy chain-deficient patient. By immunofluorescence, both patients had a complete block in B-cell development at the pro-B to pre-B transition; both patients also had an equivalent number and diversity of rearranged V-DJ sequences. These results indicate that mutations in Igalpha can be a cause of agammaglobulinemia. Furthermore, they suggest that Igalpha does not play a critical role in B-cell development until it is expressed, along with mu heavy chain, as part of the pre-BCR. (+info)Analysis of the B-cell receptor B29 (CD79b) gene in familial chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (7/221)
The B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) comprises membrane Igs (mIgs) and a heterodimer of Igalpha (CD79a) and Igbeta (CD79b) transmembrane proteins, encoded by the mb-1 and B29 genes, respectively. These accessory proteins are required for surface expression of mIg and BCR signaling. B cells from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) frequently express low to undetectable surface Ig, as well as CD79b protein. Recent work described genetic aberrations affecting B29 expression and/or function in B-CLL. Because the prevalence of CLL is increased among first degree relatives, we analyzed the B29 gene in 10 families including 2 affected members each. A few silent or replacement mutations were observed at the genomic level, which never lead to truncated CD79b protein. Both members of the same family did not harbor the same mutations. However, a single silent base change in the B29 extracellular domain, corresponding to a polymorphism, was detected on 1 allele of most patients. These results indicate that the few mutations observed in the B29 gene in these patients do not induce structural abnormalities of the CD79b protein and thus do not account for its low surface expression in B-CLL. Furthermore, genetic factors were not implicated, because identical mutations were not observed among 2 members of the same family. (+info)A negative regulatory role for Ig-alpha during B cell development. (8/221)
The development of B cells requires the expression of an antigen receptor at distinct points during maturation. The Ig-alpha/beta heterodimer signals for these receptors, and mice harboring a truncation of the Ig-alpha intracellular domain (mb-1(delta(c)/delta(c)) have severely reduced peripheral B cell numbers. Here we report that immature mb-1(delta(c)/delta(c) B cells are activated despite lacking a critical Ig-alpha-positive signaling motif. As a consequence of abnormal activation, transitional immature IgMhighIgDlow B cells are largely absent in mb-1delta(c)/delta(c) mutants, accounting for the paucity of mature B cells. Thus, Ig-alpha cytoplasmic tail truncation yields an antigen receptor complex on immature B cells that signals constitutively. These data illustrate a role for Ig-alpha in negatively regulating antigen receptor signaling during B cell development. (+info)
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List of MeSH codes (D12.776)
... antigen, b-cell MeSH D12.776.377.715.548.950.500 - antigens, cd79 MeSH D12.776.377.715.647.100 - alpha-macroglobulins See List ... antigen-antibody complex MeSH D12.776.377.715.548.114.301 - antitoxins MeSH D12.776.377.715.548.114.301.138 - antivenins MeSH ... antigens, polyomavirus transforming MeSH D12.776.624.664.520.420 - papillomavirus e7 proteins MeSH D12.776.624.664.520.750 - ...
List of MeSH codes (D12.776.124)
... antigen, b-cell MeSH D12.776.124.486.485.950.500 - antigens, cd79 MeSH D12.776.124.790.106.050 - alpha 1-antichymotrypsin MeSH ... antigens, cd79 MeSH D12.776.124.790.720.100 - alpha-macroglobulins MeSH D12.776.124.790.720.100.500 - pregnancy-associated ... antigens, cd46 MeSH D12.776.124.486.274.920.250 - complement c1 inactivator proteins MeSH D12.776.124.486.274.920.250.500 - ... antigen-antibody complex MeSH D12.776.124.486.485.114.301 - antitoxins MeSH D12.776.124.486.485.114.301.138 - antivenins MeSH ...
T-cell receptor
... and Ag-Ig-CD79 interaction for B cells. The generation of TCR diversity is similar to that for antibodies and B-cell antigen ... At the same time it has to ignore any self-antigen and tolerate harmless antigens such as food antigens. The signal ... The antigen sensitivity is higher in antigen-experienced T cells than in naive T cells. Naive T cells pass through the process ... Also, the decision whether a T cell response to an antigen is made quickly. T cells rapidly scan pMHC on an antigen presenting ...
List of MeSH codes (D23)
... antigens, cd58 MeSH D23.050.301.264.035.159 - antigens, cd59 MeSH D23.050.301.264.035.179 - antigens, cd79 MeSH D23.050.301.264 ... antigens, cd58 MeSH D23.101.100.110.159 - antigens, cd59 MeSH D23.101.100.110.179 - antigens, cd79 MeSH D23.101.100.110.180 - ... antigens, cd15 MeSH D23.101.100.900.131 - antigens, cd31 MeSH D23.101.100.920 - antigens, ly MeSH D23.101.100.930 - antigens, ... forssman antigen MeSH D23.050.285.018 - antigens, cd24 MeSH D23.050.285.025 - antigens, cd30 MeSH D23.050.285.040 - antigens, ...
Outline of immunology
CD79) Ig-α (CD79A) Ig-β (CD79B) T cells Antigen receptor - T cell receptor (TCR) Subunits - [email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected] Co- ... Antigen Antigenicity Immunogen Superantigen Allergen Hapten Epitope Linear Conformational Mimotope Tumor antigen Antigen- ... CD18 Macrophage-1 antigen (CR3) - Heterodimer: CD11b / CD18 Integrin alphaXbeta2 (CR4) - Heterodimer: CD11c / CD18 Very late ... CD44 Carcinoembryonic antigens CEACAM1 CEACAM3 CEACAM4 CEACAM5 CEACAM6 CEACAM7 CEACAM8 CEACAM16 CEACAM18 CEACAM19 CEACAM20 ...
CD79
... +Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). ... CD79 has been tested as a B-cell target in MRL/lpr mice, a mouse model for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CD79, expressed ... and generates a signal following recognition of antigen by the BCR. CD79 is composed of two distinct chains called CD79A and ... or TI antigens induces cross-linking of surface Ig molecules and binding to the transmembrane protein CD79. Chu PG, Arber DA ( ...
List of MeSH codes (D12.776.543)
... antigen, b-cell MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.816.821.500 - antigens, cd79 MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.816.824 - receptors, antigen, t- ... antigens, cd22 MeSH D12.776.543.550.200.124 - antigens, cd24 MeSH D12.776.543.550.200.131 - antigens, cd31 MeSH D12.776.543.550 ... antigens, cd27 MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.072 - antigens, cd30 MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.097 - antigens, cd40 MeSH ... antigens, cd11a MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.150 - antigens, cd11b MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.200 - antigens, cd11c ...
T-cell receptor
T-cell sensitivity to antigen could be increased via avidity-based mechanism. The antigen sensitivity is higher in antigen- ... and Ag-Ig-CD79 interaction for B cells. ... many TCRs recognize the same antigen peptide and many antigen ... Each recombined TCR possess unique antigen specificity, determined by the structure of the antigen-binding site formed by the α ... 2001). Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease (5th ed.). Chapter 4, The Generation of Lymphocyte Antigen ...
Duffy antigen system
This antigen along with other blood group antigens was used to identify the Basque people as a genetically separate group.[49] ... Because the Duffy antigen is uncommon in those of Black African descent, the presence of this antigen has been used to detect ... The Fy4 antigen, originally described on Fy (a-b-) RBCs, is now thought to be a distinct, unrelated antigen and is no longer ... The Duffy antigen is expressed in greater quantities on reticulocytes than on mature erythrocytes.[21] While the Duffy antigen ...
Receptor (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, a receptor is a protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell.[1] When such chemical signals bind to a receptor, they cause some form of cellular/tissue response, e.g. a change in the electrical activity of a cell. There are three main ways the action of the receptor can be classified: relay of signal, amplification, or integration.[2] Relaying sends the signal onward, amplification increases the effect of a single ligand, and integration allows the signal to be incorporated into another biochemical pathway.[2] In this sense, a receptor is a protein-molecule that recognizes and responds to endogenous chemical signals, e.g. an acetylcholine receptor recognizes and responds to its endogenous ligand, acetylcholine. However, sometimes in pharmacology, the term is also used to include other proteins that are drug targets, such as enzymes, transporters, and ion channels.. Receptor proteins can be classified by their location. Transmembrane ...
CD8
In addition to aiding with cytotoxic T cell antigen interactions the CD8 co-receptor also plays a role in T cell signaling. The ... the CD8 co-receptor plays a role in T cell signaling and aiding with cytotoxic T cell antigen interactions. ... This affinity keeps the T cell receptor of the cytotoxic T cell and the target cell bound closely together during antigen- ... Once the T cell receptor binds its specific antigen Lck phosphorylates the cytoplasmic CD3 and ζ-chains of the TCR complex ...
MHC class I
It is in this way, the MHC class I-dependent pathway of antigen presentation, that the virus infected cells signal T-cells that ... Histocompatibility+Antigens+Class+I at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... The peptide translocation from the cytosol into the lumen of the ER is accomplished by the transporter associated with antigen ... this will trigger an immediate response from the immune system against a particular non-self antigen displayed with the help of ...
CD4
... is a co-receptor of the T cell receptor (TCR) and assists the latter in communicating with antigen-presenting cells. The ... Leucocyte typing: human leucocyte differentiation antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies: specification, classification, ... T cells displaying CD4 molecules (and not CD8) on their surface, therefore, are specific for antigens presented by MHC II and ... CD1+Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...
CD64 (biology)
CD64+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...
റിസപ്റ്റർ (ജൈവരസതന്ത്രം) - വിക്കിപീഡിയ
ജൈവരസതന്ത്രം, ഔഷധശാസ്ത്രം എന്നിവയിൽ, ഒരു കോശത്തിന് പുറത്തുനിന്നുള്ള രാസ അടയാളങ്ങൾ ലഭിക്കുന്ന ഒരു പ്രോട്ടീൻ തന്മാത്രയാണ് റിസെപ്റ്റർ.[1]അത്തരം രാസ അടയാളങ്ങൾ റിസപ്റ്ററിലേക്ക് ബന്ധിപ്പിക്കുമ്പോൾ അവ ചില സെല്ലുലാർ / ടിഷ്യുകൾക്കുള്ള പ്രതികരണമായി മാറുന്നു. ഉദാ. ഒരു കോശത്തിന്റെ വൈദ്യുത പ്രവർത്തനത്തിലെ ഒരു മാറ്റം. റിസീപ്റ്ററിന്റെ പ്രവർത്തനം വർഗ്ഗീകരിക്കാൻ മൂന്ന് പ്രധാന ...
Follicular hyperplasia
When antigens are presented, the lymphocytes inside of the node trigger a response which can cause proliferation or cell ... Immunochemical staining revealed positivity for lymphoid particles CD20 and CD79. This study was significant because they were ... Substances that are present within the interstitial fluids such as microorganisms, antigens or even cancer can enter lymphatic ... that the condition may stem from primary reactive lymphoid proliferations that may be triggered by an unidentified antigens or ...
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Zheng XH, Zhang XY, Dong QQ, Chen F, Yang SB, Li WB (January 2020). "Efficacy and safety of chimeric antigen receptor-T cells ... CD79, PAX5, BOB1, OCT2, an immunoglobulin [usually IgM but occasionally IgG or IgA)], CD30, and in ~20-25% of cases PD-L1 or PD ... Lee YH, Kim CH (July 2019). "Evolution of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy: current status and future ... chimeric antigen receptor T cells directed against CD19) in adult patients with DLBCL, NOS who have relapsed after or are ...
Follicular lymphoma
... and CD79 but not CD5, CD11c, or CD23 cell surface proteins; genomic analyses reveal that these cells contain t(14:18)(q32:q21.3 ... lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3, that is involved in activating T-cells), CDKN2A (encoding p16INK4a and p14arf tumor ... infusion of tisagenlecleucel chimeric antigen receptor T cells (i.e. CAR T cells) (i.e. T cells that have been isolated from ...
ATP1B3 - Википедия
Tissue Antigens (англ.)русск. : journal. - 2007. - Vol. 68, no. 6. - P. 509-517. - DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00726.x. - PMID ...
CD97 - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
CD97 antigen je protein koji je kod ljudi kodiran CD97 genom.[1][2][3] ... CD79 (a, b) • CD80 • CD81 • CD82 • CD83 • CD84 • CD85 (a, d, e, h, j, k) • CD86 • CD87 • CD88 • CD89 • CD90 • CD91- CD92 • CD93 ... 2001). „Tissue distribution of the human CD97 EGF-TM7 receptor". Tissue Antigens. 57 (4): 325-31. PMID 11380941. doi:10.1034/j. ... Expression cloning and chromosomal mapping of the leukocyte activation antigen CD97, a new seven-span transmembrane molecule of ...
Interleukin-3 receptor - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
Interleukin-3 receptor (takođe poznat kao CD123 antigen) je molekul nađen na ćelijama koje pomažu prenos interleukin-3 signala ...
Basigin
1997). "The Oka blood group antigen is a marker for the M6 leukocyte activation antigen, the human homolog of OX-47 antigen, ... 1992). "Human leukocyte activation antigen M6, a member of the Ig superfamily, is the species homologue of rat OX-47, mouse ... Kasinrerk W, Fiebiger E, Stefanová I, Baumruker T, Knapp W, Stockinger H (1992). "Human leukocyte activation antigen M6, a ... Ok blood group system at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH ...
CD117 - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
CD79 (a, b) • CD80 • CD81 • CD82 • CD83 • CD84 • CD85 (a, d, e, h, j, k) • CD86 • CD87 • CD88 • CD89 • CD90 • CD91- CD92 • CD93 ... 1991). „Expression of the YB5.B8 antigen (c-kit proto-oncogene product) in normal human bone marrow". Blood. 78 (1): 30-7. PMID ... 2003). „Signal transduction-associated and cell activation-linked antigens expressed in human mast cells". Int. J. Hematol. 75 ...
Меланотрансферрин - Википедия
Seligman P. A., Butler C. D., Massey E. J., etal. The p97 antigen is mapped to the q24-qter region of chromosome 3; the same ... Le Beau M. M., Diaz M. O., Plowman G. D., etal. Chromosomal sublocalization of the human p97 melanoma antigen. (англ.) // Hum. ... Plowman G. D., Brown J. P., Enns C. A., etal. Assignment of the gene for human melanoma-associated antigen p97 to chromosome 3 ... Rose T. M., Plowman G. D., Teplow D. B., etal. Primary structure of the human melanoma-associated antigen p97 ( ...
CD74 - Википедия
CD74 (англ. HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain; HLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chain) - мембранный белок ... II histocompatibility antigen gamma chaingamma chain of class II antigensIiHLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chainIa antigen ... Riberdy J.M., Newcomb J.R., Surman M.J., Barbosa J.A., Cresswell P. HLA-DR molecules from an antigen-processing mutant cell ... Machamer C.E., Cresswell P. Biosynthesis and glycosylation of the invariant chain associated with HLA-DR antigens (англ.) // ...
C5a receptor
CD79 (a, b) • CD80 • CD81 • CD82 • CD83 • CD84 • CD85 (a, d, e, h, j, k) • CD86 • CD87 • CD88 • CD89 • CD90 • CD91- CD92 • CD93 ... 1996). "CD88 antibodies specifically bind to C5aR on dermal CD117+ and CD14+ cells and react with a desmosomal antigen in human ...
CD44
In humans, the CD44 antigen is encoded by the CD44 gene on Chromosome 11.[5] CD44 has been referred to as HCAM (homing cell ... The CD44 antigen is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. ... Indian blood group system at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH ... "Carcinoembryonic antigen and CD44 variant isoforms cooperate to mediate colon carcinoma cell adhesion to E- and L-selectin in ...
CLEC12A - Википедия
van Rhenen A., van Dongen G. A., Kelder A., et al. The novel AML stem cell associated antigen CLL-1 aids in discrimination ...
LAG3
A new ligand for human leukocyte antigen class II antigens". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 176 (2): 327-37. doi:10.1084 ... A new ligand for human leukocyte antigen class II antigens". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 176 (2): 327-37. doi:10.1084 ... antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II. ... antigen binding. • transmembrane signaling receptor activity. • MHC class II protein binding. Cellular component. • membrane. • ...
CEACAM5
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) also known as CD66e (Cluster of Differentiation 66e), is a ... 2001). "Heterogeneous RNA-binding protein M4 is a receptor for carcinoembryonic antigen in Kupffer cells". J. Biol. Chem. 276 ( ... CEACAM5, CD66e, CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule 5. External IDs. HomoloGene: 128801 GeneCards: ... Oikawa S, Nakazato H, Kosaki G (1987). "Primary structure of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) deduced from cDNA sequence". ...
Faktor aktivacije B-ćelija
CD79 (a, b) • CD80 • CD81 • CD82 • CD83 • CD84 • CD85 (a, d, e, h, j, k) • CD86 • CD87 • CD88 • CD89 • CD90 • CD91- CD92 • CD93 ... 2000). "Characterization of a new member of the TNF family expressed on antigen presenting cells.". Biol. Chem. 380 (12): 1443- ... "BLyS receptor signatures resolve homeostatically independent compartments among naïve and antigen-experienced B cells.". Semin ...
CD30
I. Partial characterization of soluble Ki-1 antigen and detection of the antigen in cell culture supernatants and in serum by ... Josimovic-Alasevic O, Dürkop H, Schwarting R, Backé E, Stein H, Diamantstein T (Jan 1989). "Ki-1 (CD30) antigen is released by ... CD30+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... results from cDNA cloning and sequence comparison of the CD30 antigen from different sources". Molecular Immunology. 31 (17): ...
P-selectin
Macrophage-1 antigen (CD11b+CD18). *VLA-4 (CD49d+CD29). *Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (ITGA2B+ITGB3) ...
ABCG2
The protein also carries the Jr(a) antigen, which defines the Junior blood group system.[9] ...
CDH1 (gene)
"Interaction of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta with the DF3/MUC1 carcinoma-associated antigen and beta-catenin". Molecular and ...
C-C chemokine receptor type 6
Ebert LM, McColl SR (2002). "Up-regulation of CCR5 and CCR6 on distinct subpopulations of antigen-activated CD4+ T lymphocytes ... This receptor has been shown to be important for B-lineage maturation and antigen-driven B-cell differentiation, and it may ... dendritic cells induce antitumor immunity when genetically fused with nonimmunogenic tumor antigens". J. Immunol. 167 (11): ...
CD15
It is also called Lewis x and SSEA-1 (stage-specific embryonic antigen 1) and represents a marker for murine pluripotent stem ... CD15 Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... CD15 (3-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine) is a cluster of differentiation antigen - an immunologically significant molecule. CD15 ...
CD97
CD79 (a, b) • CD80 • CD81 • CD82 • CD83 • CD84 • CD85 (a, d, e, h, j, k) • CD86 • CD87 • CD88 • CD89 • CD90 • CD91- CD92 • CD93 ... CD97 antigen je protein koji je kod ljudi kodiran CD97 genom.[1][2][3] ... 2001). "Tissue distribution of the human CD97 EGF-TM7 receptor". Tissue Antigens 57 (4): 325-31. PMID 11380941. doi:10.1034/j. ... "Expression cloning and chromosomal mapping of the leukocyte activation antigen CD97, a new seven-span transmembrane molecule of ...
Integrin beta 3
"Entrez Gene: ITGB3 integrin, beta 3 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, antigen CD61)".. *^ May, K. E.; Villar, J.; Kirtley, S.; ... CD61+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4
"Direct association of adenosine deaminase with a T cell activation antigen, CD26". Science. 261 (5120): 466-9. doi:10.1126/ ...
CD154
B cells can present antigens to a specialized group of helper T cells called TFH cells. If an activated TFH cell recognizes the ... Roles of T cell-B-cell-activating molecule (5c8 antigen) and CD40 in contact-dependent help". Journal of Immunology. 149 (12): ... It binds to CD40 (protein) on antigen-presenting cells (APC), which leads to many effects depending on the target cell type. In ... Grewal, IS; Xu, J; Flavell, RA (7 December 1995). "Impairment of antigen-specific T-cell priming in mice lacking CD40 ligand". ...
CD36 - Википедия
antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I. • antigen processing and presentation of exogenous ... antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I. • lipoprotein transport. • negative ... peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent. • platelet degranulation. • MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling ...
VCAM-1
Primarily, the VCAM-1 protein is an endothelial ligand for VLA-4 (Very Late Antigen-4 or integrin α4β1) of the β1 subfamily of ...
CXCR5 - Википедия
... uveitis antigens induce CXCR3- and CXCR5-expressing lymphocytes and immature dendritic cells to migrate (англ.) // Blood (англ ...
SLAMF1
antigen binding. • virus receptor activity. • protein binding. • transmembrane signaling receptor activity. • identical protein ...
MAL expression in lymphoid cells: further evidence for MAL as a distinct molecular marker of primary mediastinal large B-cell...
Phosphoflow Protocol for Signaling Studies in Human and Murine B Cell Subpopulations
CD79 - Wikipedia
CD79+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). ... CD79 has been tested as a B-cell target in MRL/lpr mice, a mouse model for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CD79, expressed ... and generates a signal following recognition of antigen by the BCR. CD79 is composed of two distinct chains called CD79A and ... or TI antigens induces cross-linking of surface Ig molecules and binding to the transmembrane protein CD79. Chu PG, Arber DA ( ...
59-Antibody Structure and Function Flashcards by Adam Rasmussen | Brainscape
Diagnosis of Superficial Gastric Lesions Together with Six Gastric Lymphoma Cases via Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy...
DLBCL is characterized by expression of B-cell-associated antigens (CD19, CD20, and CD79), with high-Ki-67 proliferation index ... IHC analysis confirmed that tumors express pan-B antigens (CD20, CD79), but lack CD5 expression (Table 4 and Figure 2). DLBCL ... P. Uherova, C. W. Ross, B. Schnitzer, T. P. Singleton, and W. G. Finn, "The clinical significance of CD10 antigen expression in ... Typically, tumors express pan-B antigens (CD19, CD20, CD22, and CD79a), but they lack CD5, CD10, CD23, and BCL-1 expression. In ...
CD79a Mouse anti-Mouse, Clone: 24C2.5, eBioscience 100 µg; Unconjugated
| Fisher Scientific
CD79a is a B lymphocyte antigen receptor with an antigen-specific surface component Ig (immunoglobulin) that associates with Ig ... Both CD79 subunits consist of a single extracellular Ig domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular signaling domain. ... and Ig-beta, necessary elements for the expression and function of the B-cell antigen receptor. CD79a first appears at pre-B ...
Remission of lymphoma after drug withdrawal in rheumatoid arthritis | The Medical Journal of Australia
Isotype Control of B Cell Signaling | Science Signaling
The B cell receptor (BCR) consists of an antigen-binding membrane immunoglobulin (mIg) associated with the CD79α and CD79β ... Naïve B cells express the IgM and IgD isotypes, which have very short cytoplasmic tails and therefore depend on CD79α and CD79β ... Moreover, stimulation through BCRs containing an IgG cytoplasmic tail causes increased numbers of antigen-specific clones to ...
Anti-HHV-6 Early Antigen Antibody | Mouse anti-Human Herpesvirus 6 | LSBio
HHV-6 Early Antigen antibody LS-C546745 is an HRP-conjugated mouse monoclonal antibody to human herpesvirus 6 HHV-6 Early ... IHC‑plus™ CD79A / CD79 Alpha Antibody (clone HM57) LS‑B4504 Species: Human, Mouse, Rat, Bovine, Guinea pig, Opossum, Rabbit, ... HHV-6 Early Antigen antibody LS-C546745 is an HRP-conjugated mouse monoclonal antibody to human herpesvirus 6 HHV-6 Early ... Specific for a 37kD early antigen of HHV-6, Strain A. Does not recognize Strain B. ...
Anti-Melanoma Antigen Family F, 1 (MAGEF1) Antibody | Rabbit | LSBio
... antibody LS-C780218 is an unconjugated rabbit polyclonal antibody to human Melanoma Antigen Family F, 1 (MAGEF1). Validated for ... IHC‑plus™ CD79A / CD79 Alpha Antibody (clone HM57) LS‑B4504 Species: Human, Mouse, Rat, Bovine, Guinea pig, Opossum, Rabbit, ... Melanoma Antigen Family F, 1 (MAGEF1) antibody LS-C780218 is an unconjugated rabbit polyclonal antibody to human Melanoma ...
Leukocyte common antigen | definition of leukocyte common antigen by Medical dictionary
What is leukocyte common antigen? Meaning of leukocyte common antigen medical term. What does leukocyte common antigen mean? ... Looking for online definition of leukocyte common antigen in the Medical Dictionary? leukocyte common antigen explanation free ... such as leukocyte common antigen, CD20, and CD79.. Primary Plasmacytoma of the Breast ... T-cell-associated antigens (CD3 and CD45RO) as well as leukocyte common antigen (CD45) were also absent.. Plasmablastic ...
Current Perspectives in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapies for Osteoarthritis
... while lacking the expression of the haematopoietic antigens CD11b, CD14, CD34, CD45, CD79, CD19, and HLA-DR [28]. In order to ... Nonmatched human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allogenic BMSCs from young donors (18-30 years old) where used in the study, making it ... They display the surface antigens CD73, CD90, and CD105, ...
Clinical and pathological aspects of bovine lymphoma affecting the spinal cord
Retrieval of the CD79α antigen was performed in a pressure cooker (96°C, 20 min) with citrate buffer (pH 6.0), and Protein ... IHC for CD79α, bar = 100μm. (B) Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, immunoblastic variant. Sheets of large cells with round, ... For CD3 IHC, the antigen retrieval step was performed with Protease type XIV (Sigma), and milk (15 min) was used to prevent ... All the lymphoma cases in this study demonstrated cytoplasmic immunostaining for the CD79α antibody, identifying lymphocytes as ...
Phenotypic Characterization Murine Sarcoma TG-180 Immunophenotypical Characterization Murine Sarcoma TG-180
CD79α and S100A4. For this, murine sarcoma TG-180, was implanted subcutaneously in 20 mice ... is widely used in research to provide the stimuli of infectious and neoplastic antigens. In this case, the technique of ... is widely used in research to provide the stimuli of infectious and neoplastic antigens. In this case, the technique of ... CD79α and S100A4. For this, murine sarcoma TG-180, was implanted subcutaneously in 20 mice "Swiss", male, 30 days old, 28 g for ...
Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma Workup: Approach Considerations, Flow Cytometry and Genetic Studies, Imaging Studies
66] Upon antigen stimulation, clustering of the BCRs occurs, leading to signal transduction via the CD79A and B subunits. [67] ... CD79A or B mutations have been described in 20% of patients with ABC-DLBCL and lead to the over-expression of CD79 and over- ... Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in Refractory B-Cell Lymphomas. N Engl J Med. 2017 Dec 28. 377 (26):2545-2554. [Medline]. ... 61] The CBM complex is required for activation of the classic NFkB pathway downstream of the antigen receptors in B and T cells ...
Applications filed at Jul 20 2017 | Method of Preparing a Zwitterionic Copolymer | Patents.com
Goodpasture Antigen Binding Protein Detection and Inhibition and its Use in Diabetes. Disclosed herein are methods for treating ... MOLECULES WITH SPECIFICITY FOR CD45 AND CD79. The present disclosure relates to a multispecific molecule comprising a binding ... MODIFIED ANTIGEN BINDING POLYPEPTIDE CONSTRUCTS AND USES THEREOF. The present invention provides heterodimer pairs that can ... Tri-Specific Binding Molecules That Specifically Bind to Multiple Cancer Antigens and Methods of Use Thereof. The present ...
WHO EMRO | Clinico-pathological profile of acute promyelocytic leukaemia at Al-Amal oncology-haematology centre, Qatar | Volume...
The human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR) molecule was expressed in 1 case (patient no. 9) and CD7 in 1 case (patient no. 10). ... TdT, CD3, CD19, CD10, CD5, CD20, CD79 and CD22 were negative in all the cases. ... Antigen expression was considered to be homogenous if the distribution of the cells occupied up to 1 logarithmic decade on the ... with a higher percentage of cells expressing the T-cell antigen CD2, stem cell marker CD34 [9], HLA-DR [21] and CD56 [1]. This ...
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Can Youthful Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wharton's Jelly Bring a Breath of Fresh Air for COPD? | HTML
CD79, CD19, and class II human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR); and (3) an ability to differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes ... 12], have also shown that cigarette-smoke-driven agents (including antigens, lung tissue breakdown products, and/or ... Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibit the response of naive and memory antigen-specific T cells to their cognate peptide. ...
T-cell receptor - Wikipedia
... and Ag-Ig-CD79 interaction for B cells. The generation of TCR diversity is similar to that for antibodies and B-cell antigen ... At the same time it has to ignore any self-antigen and tolerate harmless antigens such as food antigens. The signal ... The antigen sensitivity is higher in antigen-experienced T cells than in naive T cells. Naive T cells pass through the process ... Also, the decision whether a T cell response to an antigen is made quickly. T cells rapidly scan pMHC on an antigen presenting ...
Ameliorative effect of gallic acid in paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain in mice
Patterns of Utilization and Outcome of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Among Various Cancers: A Nationwide Analysis
Frontiers | Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Transplant Tolerance | Immunology
CD79α or CD19, and HLA-DR surface antigens (4). Although MSC can be obtained from several adult and fetal tissues (including ... other antigen presenting cells can act the same way). (5) Direct and indirect antigen presentation provide the survival stimuli ... Mesenchymal stromal cells cross-present soluble exogenous antigens as part of their antigen-presenting cell properties. Blood. ... Antigen-presenting property of mesenchymal stem cells occurs during a narrow window at low levels of interferon-gamma. Blood. ( ...
Phenotype and genotype of interfollicular large B cells, a subpopulation of lymphocytes often with dendritic morphology | Blood...
CD79, Fc receptor-γIIB [FcRγIIB]). The antigen-binding repertoire of the surface immunoglobulin is already unique for each ... Antigen selection. In each sequence, somatic mutations were analyzed for compatibility with antigen selection by 2 methods. ... Antigen selection. Two different methods were used to determine whether the VH mutation patterns in the interfollicular large B ... T-cell antigens: new and previously defined clusters. In: McMichael AJ et al, eds. Leucocyte Typing III, White Cell ...
Immunoglobulins (IG) Gene Family | HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee
IG are anchored in the membrane of a B cell as part of a signaling B cell receptor (BcR = membrane IG+CD79) or are secreted by ... IG recognize antigens in their native (unprocessed) form. IG are made of two identical heavy (H) chains and two identical light ... Immunoglobulins: Immunoglobulins (IG) or antibodies are antigen receptors of the B cells of the adaptive immune response, ...
T-cell receptor - Wikipedia
T-cell sensitivity to antigen could be increased via avidity-based mechanism. The antigen sensitivity is higher in antigen- ... and Ag-Ig-CD79 interaction for B cells. ... many TCRs recognize the same antigen peptide and many antigen ... Each recombined TCR possess unique antigen specificity, determined by the structure of the antigen-binding site formed by the α ... 2001). Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease (5th ed.). Chapter 4, The Generation of Lymphocyte Antigen ...
CD79a antibodies, human - Primary antibodies - Antibodies - MACS Flow Cytometry - Products - Miltenyi Biotec - Deutschland
... signal transduction following antigen recognition and enodocytosis of recognised antigens. Surface expression of CD79a dimishes ... CD79 is considered a B cell-specific marker and is often used to identify the B cell lineage of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ... Along with CD79b (Ig β), CD79a is associated with surface Ig (sIg) to form the B cell antigen receptor complex. CD79a is a 47 ... Koyama, M. et al. (1997) CD79α/CD79β heterodimers are expressed on pro-B cell surfaces without associated μ heavy chain. Int. ...
hodgkin lymphoma ptld drug therapy 2000:2010[pubdate] *count=100 - BioMedLib™ search engine
Antigens, CD15 / analysis. Antigens, CD20 / analysis. Antigens, CD30 / analysis. Antigens, CD45 / analysis. Antigens, CD79. ... Antigens, CD15; 0 / Antigens, CD20; 0 / Antigens, CD30; 0 / Antigens, CD79; 0 / Antigens, CD95; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / ... CD79A protein, human; 0 / Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; 4F4X42SYQ6 / Rituximab; EC 3.1.3.48 / Antigens, CD45 ... Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / analysis. Rituximab. Treatment Outcome. *MedlinePlus Health Information. consumer health - Hodgkin ...
Antigen-Specific B Cell Memory | JEM
... anti-CD79/Igβ), and FITC-JC5.1 (anti-λ1 L chain). After staining, cells were washed twice in PBS with 5% FCS. Cells were then ... 1989) Evidence that the leukocyte-common antigen is required for antigen-induced T lymphocyte proliferation. Cell. 58:1055-1065 ... 1980) The maintenance and regulation of the humoral immune responsepersisting antigen and the role of follicular antigen- ... 1999) Evolution of antigen-specific T cell receptors in vivopreimmune and antigen-driven selection of preferred complementarity ...
PPT - Immunophenotyping PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID:6653001
CD21 CD22 CD24 P COOH CD20 CD19 or BCR CD79 ITAM ITAM ITAM ITAM ITAM CD23 ITIM NH2 ITIM ITAM ITIM ITIM B lineage associated ... Immunophenotype of lymphoid cells • Well established maturation sequence • Staged and controlled to prepare long lived antigen- ... B-LINEAGE T-LINEAGE MYELOID LINEAGE 2 points CD79 cµ cCD22 CD3 TCR MPO (lysozyme) 1 point CD19 CD10 CD20 CD2 CD5 CD8 CD10 CD13 ... Scoring based on the lineage specificity of critical differentiation antigens • Calculation of each lineage "score" • In BAL, ...
ReceptorsAntibodiesCD20HeterodimerCD45CD14Epithelial membranImmunoglobulinCD79A and CD79BProteinLymphocyte antigen receptorDifferentiationCD79bCD19MoleculeImmunohistochemistryCD56BindsCD30CD34CellsReceptor complexType of antigensRecognize antigensCarcinoembryonic antigenTransmembranePeptidesIntracellularMembrane-boundCell surfaceDiagnosisMAbsCD18CD28Tumor cellAffinityRecognitionCutaneousImmuneCytoplasmicExpressionSignal
Receptors8
- Immunoglobulins (IG) or antibodies are antigen receptors of the B cells of the adaptive immune response, acquired by jawed vertebrates (or gnathostomata) more than 450 million years ago and found in all extant jawed vertebrate species from fishes to humans. (genenames.org)
- What type of antigen contain molecular moieties that are recognized by pattern recognition receptors that serve as signal 2? (brainscape.com)
- National Jewish Health has been issued a US patent claiming a method to desensitize B cells by inactivating antigen receptors on their surfaces. (bio-medicine.org)
- B cells begin producing antibodies after their B-cell receptors encounter foreign protein fragments, known as antigens. (bio-medicine.org)
- CD antigens participate in immune reaction as receptors for cell communication (e.g. adherence molecules, antigen recognizing receptors). (prospecbio.com)
- CD antigens have been shown to be identical with receptors of cytokines such as CD25 (TAC antigen). (prospecbio.com)
- The CD Antigen's designation isn't related to the biological function, thus CD antigens include receptors, glycans, adhesion molecules, membrane-bound enzymes, etc. (prospecbio.com)
- Thus, the lymphocyte antigen receptors use similar models of membrane-bound antigen receptors linked to signal-transducing accessory chains. (cellsignal.de)
Antibodies17
- However, tumor cells in some cases of T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma and AML has shown to potentially react positively with CD79 monoclonal antibodies. (wikipedia.org)
- 5] The RS cells in nodular lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin disease (NLPHD) variant stain positive with antibodies to leukocyte common antigen , L26, and pan-B-cell markers in contrast to the RS cells of other variants, which are Leu-M1 positive and nonreactive with pan-B-cell markers. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The antibodies employed were anti-cytokeratin (AE1/3, Dako), anti -cytokeratin (polyclonal wide, Dako), anti-p53 protein (DO-7, Dako) and anti-Ki-67 antigen (MIB-1, Dako). (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- Multiple commercially available staining reagents and antibodies derived from antigens of various species for manual immunohistochemistry (IHC) were screened. (peerj.com)
- Although many antibodies that react with cellular antigens and inflammatory molecules are available, there still are gaps in how these work in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues. (peerj.com)
- About a decade ago, Dr. Cambier's laboratory, discovered that the two subunits could be separated, which disables the B cell's ability to recognize antigens and produce antibodies. (bio-medicine.org)
- Dr. Cambier's laboratory has recently developed several antibodies against one of the transducer elements, CD79, that have already yielded promising results. (bio-medicine.org)
- Our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for B cell tolerance has been largely established in a series of experiments using mice expressing Ig transgenes, encoding antibodies directed against naturally occurring or neo self-antigens. (rupress.org)
- We performed an immunohistochemical staining in 12 cases of PLEVA and 8 cases of LyP using nine antibodies for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD30, CD45RO, CD56, CD79, cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA), and TIA-1. (pubfacts.com)
- S. (1985) Leukocyte common antigen a diagnostic discriminant between hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic neoplasms in paraffin sections using monoclonal antibodies correlation with immunologic studies and ultrastructural localization. (europeanmedical.info)
- These surface antigens were identified initially by monoclonal antibodies and the designations of the antibodies were used often as synonyms for the cell surface proteins they detected, giving rise to a plethora of different names. (prospecbio.com)
- CD antigen nomenclature describes different monoclonal antibodies from different sources that recognize identical antigens. (prospecbio.com)
- In Hematology the morphological criteria is for the description of specific developmental stages of lymphocytes unlike in CD antigens which the use of monoclonal antibodies allows the objective and precise analysis and standardized typing of mature and immature normal and malignant cells of all hematopoietic cell lineages. (prospecbio.com)
- In the last decade the wide palette of monoclonal antibodies has been prepared which recognise of CD antigens on human cells. (prospecbio.com)
- The CNS of eight aborted fetuses and six adult male goats naturally infected with N. caninum were analyzed with lectin histochemistry (RCA1) and immunohistochemistry (with anti-CD3, −CD79α, −GFAP, −MHC-II, and -PCNA antibodies). (biomedcentral.com)
- Cir-culating antihuman leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies were detected in a single-antigen assay at biopsy. (ectrx.org)
- A primary panel of antibodies comprising leukocyte common antigen (LCA or CD45), pan-cytokeratin (e.g. (jomfp.in)
CD205
- Histological examination revealed diffuse infiltration of malignant lymphoid cells ( Box, Figure 3 ), with positive immunoperoxidase staining for the leukocyte common antigens CD20 and CD79. (mja.com.au)
- The nuclear feature is closer to a lymphocyte, and the cells show lymphoid antigens, such as leukocyte common antigen , CD20, and CD79. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were positive for CD20 or CD79α and aberrantly expressed CD56. (bvsalud.org)
- The lymphocytes associated with WM are characterized by cell markers, or antigens on the surface of the cell, that include: CD19, CD20, CD22 and CD79. (bloodhelpers.com)
- The CD20-positive lymphocytes were associated with T-cell-mediated rejection, increased human leukocyte antigen mismatch, and frequency of retransplant. (ectrx.org)
Heterodimer8
- The B cell receptor (BCR) consists of an antigen-binding membrane immunoglobulin (mIg) associated with the CD79α and CD79β heterodimer. (sciencemag.org)
- CD79a/CD79b heterodimer facilitates differentiation of pre-B cells from pro-B cells, surface expression of sIg, signal transduction following antigen recognition and enodocytosis of recognised antigens. (miltenyibiotec.com)
- Lin, J. and Justement, L. B. (1992) The MB-1/B29 heterodimer couples the B cell antigen receptor to multiple src family protein tyrosine kinases. (miltenyibiotec.com)
- Both components form the disulfid-linked heterodimer CD79 (82 - 95 kDa). (anacrom.com)
- While membrane Ig binds antigen, the CD79 heterodimer transduces signals through its cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine- based activation motif (ITAM) domains. (cellsignal.de)
- The CD79 complex is a disulfide-linked heterodimer which is non-covalently associated with membrane-bound immunoglobulins on B cells. (leicabiosystems.com)
- Subsequently, in pre-B cells, CD79 heterodimer is associated with λ5-VpreB surrogate immunoglobulin and later with antigen-specific surface immunoglobulins. (sysmex-flowcytometry.com)
- van Noesel CJ, van Lier RA, Cordell JL, Tse AG, van Schijndel GM, de Vries EF, Mason DY, Borst J: The membrane IgM‑associated heterodimer on human B cells is a newly defined B cell antigen that contains the protein product of the mb‑1 gene. (sysmex-flowcytometry.com)
CD453
- These cell surface antigens can comprise up to 10% of the membrane CD45 proteins. (thefreedictionary.com)
- T-cell-associated antigens (CD3 and CD45RO) as well as leukocyte common antigen (CD45) were also absent. (thefreedictionary.com)
- More specifically, they adhere to plastic, can differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteocytes and express cell surface antigens CD73, CD90, CD105 but lack the expression of hematopoietic antigens such as CD11b or CD14, CD34, CD45, CD79 or CD19, and HLA-DR. (lifemapsc.com)
CD144
- In contrast, CD14, CD79α and the embryonic stem cell markers Oct-4, SSEA (stage specific embryonic antigen) -1, -3, -4, TRA (tumor rejection antigen) -1-60 and -1-81 are not expressed. (dovepress.com)
- Antigens, CD14" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Antigens, CD14" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Antigens, CD14" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Antigens, CD14" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
Epithelial membran3
- Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma tumor cells are immunoreactive to cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen and are negative for leukocyte common antigen , confirming their epithelial nature. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The tumor did not stain for leukocyte common antigen , showed weak cytoplasmic positivity for vimentin and epithelial membrane antigen, and displayed strong positivity for AE1-AE3, CAM 5. (thefreedictionary.com)
- However, the later produces characteristic dot-like paranuclear staining instead of diffuse cytoplasmic staining found elsewhereCare should be taken while using alternative epithelial markers such as epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). (jomfp.in)
Immunoglobulin12
- CD79a is a B lymphocyte antigen receptor with an antigen-specific surface component Ig (immunoglobulin) that associates with Ig-alpha and Ig-beta, necessary elements for the expression and function of the B-cell antigen receptor. (fishersci.com)
- The antigen-binding repertoire of the surface immunoglobulin is already unique for each clone, as a result of selective usage in each cell of different variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) region sequences, accompanied by the generation of random-linking N sequences (via the action of terminal transferase). (bloodjournal.org)
- B cells then enter the germinal centers of secondary lymphoid follicles and undergo a process of random hypermutation in theirV immunoglobulin region genes, under the influence of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), resulting in yet more diversity in the antigen-binding repertoire of their surface immunoglobulin. (bloodjournal.org)
- B cells within the germinal center then perish through spontaneous apoptosis unless their surface immunoglobulin binds with high affinity to antigen (present within immune complexes) on follicular dendritic cells. (bloodjournal.org)
- The B lymphocyte antigen receptor is a multimeric complex that includes the antigen-specific component, surface immunoglobulin (Ig). (antikoerper-online.de)
- 1]The CD79a protein together with the related CD79b protein, forms a dimer associated with membrane-bound immunoglobulin in B-cells, thus forming the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR). (elisa-kits.de)
- Heterodimers of CD79A and CD79B connect with a membrane attached immunoglobulin on the B cell surface to create the B cell antigen receptor complex (BCR). (prospecbio.com)
- This complex of polypeptides and immunoglobulin constitute the B cell antigen receptor. (leicabiosystems.com)
- They both are transmembrane proteins with extended cytoplasmic domains containing immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motives (ITAMs), and together with cell surface immunoglobulin they constitute B-cell antigen-specific receptor (BCR). (sysmex-flowcytometry.com)
- When the BCR transmembrane immunoglobulin molecule is engaged by antigen the CD79 a and b proteins of the BCR, the Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK), Lyn, is activated. (blogspot.com)
- In plain English, in a B-cell, the immunoglobulin molecule on the surface binds to the antigen it was designed for - eg an anti-measles antibody binds to a measles virus. (blogspot.com)
- The immunoglobulin molecule needs an auxiliary molecule to help it signal - this is CD79 (often low in CLL, so is this why it often does not signal very well? (blogspot.com)
CD79A and CD79B1
- CD79 has two components known as CD79a and CD79b. (europeanmedical.info)
Protein9
- CD79 (Cluster of Differentiation 79) is a transmembrane protein that forms a complex with the B-cell receptor (BCR) and generates a signal following recognition of antigen by the BCR. (wikipedia.org)
- Activation of the BCR with T-cell-dependent (TD) or TI antigens induces cross-linking of surface Ig molecules and binding to the transmembrane protein CD79. (wikipedia.org)
- What type of antigen do not contain molecular structures that can activate innate immunity and are primarily protein? (brainscape.com)
- T-F---since T cells recognize protein derived peptides, TD antigens don't need to contain a protein component? (brainscape.com)
- One of several members of the protein kinase superfamily, Syk functions as a positive effector of B cell antigen receptor (CD79)-stimulated responses, coupling CD79 with the movement of one calcium ion through one of two phospho-regulated pathways. (scbt.com)
- Several techniques and reagents for heat-induced antigen retrieval, non-specific protein blocking, endogenous peroxidase blocking, and visualization-detection systems were tested during IHC protocol development. (peerj.com)
- Duffy antigen/chemokine receptor ( DARC ), also known as Fy glycoprotein ( FY ) or CD234 ( C luster of D ifferentiation 234), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACKR1 gene . (wikipedia.org)
- Cluster of differentiation CD79A also known as B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein alpha chain and MB-1 membrane glycoprotein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD79A gene. (elisa-kits.de)
- This gene encodes the Ig-beta protein of the B-cell antigen component. (elisa-kits.de)
Lymphocyte antigen receptor1
- Bannish G, Fuentes-Pananá EM, Cambier JC, Pear WS, Monroe JG: Ligand‑independent signaling functions for the B lymphocyte antigen receptor and their role in positive selection during B lymphopoiesis. (sysmex-flowcytometry.com)
Differentiation6
- The pattern of cellular differentiation after transfer indicates that B220 − memory B cells act as stable self-replenishing intermediates that arise from B220 + memory B cells and produce antibody-secreting cells on rechallenge with antigen. (rupress.org)
- Via its ability to influence CD79 activity and to control the movement of calicum through the cell, Syk plays an important role in a variety of cellular responses, including differentiation, phagocytosis, proliferation and B cell development. (scbt.com)
- Early B-cell factor (EBF) is a cell type-specific transcription factor that is expressed at all antigen-independent stages of B-lymphocyte differentiation and participates in the regulation of the mb-1 gene. (nih.gov)
- At the beginning of plasma cell differentiation CD79 expression is stopped. (anacrom.com)
- CD79α is an excellent marker of B cells and tumors derived from them, with particularly useful for the identification of infiltration by pre-B acute leukemias and lymphomas with plasmacytoid differentiation intense. (anacrom.com)
- First, products of oncogenes and the tumor suppressor gene products and cancer-Testis antigen, oncofetal antigen, differentiation antigen, and angiogensesis associated antigen, and immune checkpoint molecule. (hstalks.com)
CD79b1
- Along with CD79b (Ig β), CD79a is associated with surface Ig (sIg) to form the B cell antigen receptor complex. (miltenyibiotec.com)
CD191
- We developed a protocol to explore the immunophenotypic profiles of common ALL based on the expression levels of the antigens associated with B lymphoid development, including IL-7Rα (CD127), cytoplasmic CD79a (cCD79a), CD19, VpreB (CD179a), and sIgM, which are successive and essential for progression of B cells along their developmental pathway. (bvsalud.org)
Molecule4
- The T-cell receptor , or TCR , is a molecule found on the surface of T cells , or T lymphocytes, [1] that is responsible for recognizing fragments of antigen as peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. (wikipedia.org)
- Thus, a tumor antigen may be a unique molecule expressed by a tumor that is not encoded by the healthy genome, a non-mutated developmental antigen now re-expressed on a tumor cell, or a self-antigen than can be safely targeted without loss of host integrity. (frontiersin.org)
- Traditionally, immune checkpoint molecule is not included in the tumor antigens. (hstalks.com)
- It is in fact an antibody molecule, designed to recognize the antigen that the B-cell is programmed to react with. (blogspot.com)
Immunohistochemistry2
- SBV antigen was detected in 37 out of 82 (45.1%) neonatal brains by immunohistochemistry. (gla.ac.uk)
- In conclusion, immunohistochemistry, including analysis of MHCII, CD18 and the lymphocytic markers CD3 and CD79, should be performed for the diagnosis of canine cutaneous histiocytic tumours. (paperity.org)
CD561
- Although not all SCCs express epithelial markers, they react strongly with CD56 and leukocyte common antigen expression is negative. (thefreedictionary.com)
Binds3
- In these cases, the expressed BCR is poly-reactive and binds to a variety of self and foreign antigens ( 6 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- 1. A method for depleting a B-cell comprising contacting a population of cells comprising a non-cancerous B-cell with an antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof that specifically binds to CD37, wherein said antibody or fragment thereof is capable of inducing apoptosis in vitro in the absence of a cross-linking agent. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
- 2. A method for treating a patient having an autoimmune or inflammatory disease comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that specifically binds to CD37, wherein said antibody or fragment thereof is capable of inducing apoptosis in vitro in the absence of a cross-linking agent. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
CD301
- CD antigens appear to carry out cytokine receptor-like functions such as CD27, CD30 and CD40. (prospecbio.com)
CD341
- Other more important CD antigens include the leukocytes integrins (CD11/CD18) and the hematopoietic stem cell marker CD34. (prospecbio.com)
Cells26
- Both CD79 chains contain an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) in their intracellular tails that they use to propagate a signal in a B cell, in a similar manner to CD3-generated signal transduction observed during T cell receptor activation on T cells. (wikipedia.org)
- In addition, both CD79 chains contain an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM), which some scientists have found to propagate downstream signaling in B-cells. (wikipedia.org)
- Naïve B cells express the IgM and IgD isotypes, which have very short cytoplasmic tails and therefore depend on CD79α and CD79β for signal transduction. (sciencemag.org)
- The pleomorphic, large, epithelioid, and spindle-shaped neoplastic cells of both specimens showed a diffuse cytoplasmic positivity for vimentin and membranous expression of leukocyte common antigen and UCHL-1 (Figure 6). (thefreedictionary.com)
- 4) In our case, we observed membranous positivity for leukocyte common antigen in the histiocytes that infiltrated the salivary gland, which in our opinion can be regarded as additional evidence that these cells originate from bone marrow-derived monocytes or macrophages. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Based on expression of CD138 and B220, we reveal a unique and major subtype of antigen-specific memory B cells (B220 − CD138 − ) that are distinct from antibody-secreting B cells (B220 +/ −CD138 + ) and B220 + CD138 − memory B cells. (rupress.org)
- 95% of antigen-specific memory B cells that migrate to the bone marrow. (rupress.org)
- Antigen presentation stimulates T cells to become either "cytotoxic" CD8+ cells or "helper" CD4+ cells. (wikipedia.org)
- However, no work has been done in horse MS cells to examine the expression profile of proteins and cell surface antigens that are expressed in human MS cells. (dovepress.com)
- The MS cells also express MHC class I antigens but do not express class II antigens, although they are inducible by treatment with interferon gamma (IFN-γ). (dovepress.com)
- However, with the advent of antibody-based therapies, cell-surface antigens on tumor cells can be targeted without first requiring processing and presentation by the MHC. (frontiersin.org)
- The majority of infiltrating cells were CD3-positive T cells, followed by CD79α-positive B cells and CD68-positive microglia/macrophages. (gla.ac.uk)
- What type of antigen require require CD4+ T helper cells to provide necessary signals? (brainscape.com)
- The Duffy antigen is located on the surface of red blood cells , and is named after the patient in whom it was discovered. (wikipedia.org)
- 3) GPC3-specific therapeutics including immunotoxin, bispecific antibody, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CART) have shown promising results. (nih.gov)
- The methods may be used to improve the efficiency of obtaining immortalized antigen-specific plasma cells or to improve the quality of molecularly cloned Ig heavy and light chains. (justia.com)
- In contrast to cell surface antigen, which causes the deletion of autoreactive B cells, the intracellularly sequestered self-antigen failed to induce B cell tolerance and was instead autoimmunogenic. (rupress.org)
- The intracellular antigen positively selected antigen-binding B cells to differentiate into B1 cells and induced large numbers of IgM autoantibody-secreting plasma cells in a T-independent manner. (rupress.org)
- These studies have established that tolerance to abundant systemic extracellular antigens occurs by deleting ( 1 - 3 ), editing ( 4 , 5 ), or inactivating ( 6 - 8 ) the autoreactive B cells, whereas B cells that bind low avidity or rare antigens may remain functionally ignorant ( 9 , 10 ). (rupress.org)
- Murine clonal CD4 and CD8 T cells were stimulated with cognate peptide antigen and antigen presenting cells (APCs) in the absence or presence of human MSCs, different aspects of T cell activation were monitored and analyzed using flow cytometery, real time RT-PCR and cytokine measurement. (biomedcentral.com)
- During the course of development from precursor cells into functionally mature forms, lymphocytes display a complex pattern of surface antigens, some of which are acquired at certain stages while others are lost. (prospecbio.com)
- The most commonly know CD antigens are CD4 and CD8 which are markers for T-helper and T-suppressor cells, respectively. (prospecbio.com)
- Eventually, only a small amount of plasma cells contain CD79. (anacrom.com)
- This is because the structure of the BCR in CLL cells from different patients can show a very high degree of similarity, indicating that antigens of a similar nature drive development of the disease ( 4, 5 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- Discover Genentech's unique T-cell bispecific antibody design technologies and the innovative method of harnessing the immune system to fight cancer through the simultaneous binding of T cells and tumor cell antigens. (biooncology.com)
- Tumor cells express many different type of antigens. (hstalks.com)
Receptor complex1
- The B-cell antigen receptor complex is formed via association of CD79a with membrane-bound immunoglobulins. (anacrom.com)
Type of antigens1
- What type of antigens must recruit elements of innate immunity that provide signal 2? (brainscape.com)
Recognize antigens1
- IG recognize antigens in their native (unprocessed) form. (genenames.org)
Carcinoembryonic antigen1
- A novel carcinoembryonic antigen T-cell bispecific antibody (CEA TCB) for the treatment of solid tumors. (biooncology.com)
Transmembrane2
- Both CD79 subunits consist of a single extracellular Ig domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular signaling domain. (fishersci.com)
- CD antigens have been characterized as both transmembrane proteins and cell surface proteins anchored to the plasma membrane via covalent attachment to fatty acid-containing glycolipids such as glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). (prospecbio.com)
Peptides1
- that is, many TCRs recognize the same antigen peptide and many antigen peptides are recognized by the same TCR. (wikipedia.org)
Intracellular5
- Systemic autoimmune disease is frequently characterized by the production of autoantibodies against widely expressed intracellular self-antigens, whereas B cell tolerance to ubiquitous and highly expressed extracellular antigens is strictly enforced. (rupress.org)
- To test for differences in the B cell response to intracellular and extracellular self-antigens, we sequestered a tolerogenic cell surface antigen intracellularly by addition of a two amino acid endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal. (rupress.org)
- By analyzing the impact of differences in subcellular distribution independently from other variables, such as B cell receptor affinity, antigen type, or tissue distribution, we have established that intracellular localization of autoantigen predisposes for autoantibody production. (rupress.org)
- These findings help explain why intracellular antigens are targeted in systemic autoimmune diseases. (rupress.org)
- The CD79a antigen is reported to first appear at the pre-B cell stage, early in maturation, and persist until the plasma cell stage where it is found as an intracellular component. (leicabiosystems.com)
Membrane-bound1
- CD79 associates to membrane-bound Ig to create the B-cell complex allowing signal transduction to be transmitted to the interior of the cell. (nordiqc.org)
Cell surface2
- Human MSCs (hMSCs) can alter multiple aspects of murine T cell activation induced by stimulation with specific antigen, including: reduced proliferation, inhibited or stimulated cell surface marker expression (CD25, CD69, CD44 and CD62L), inhibited mRNA expression of transcription factors (T-bet and GATA-3) and decreased cytokine expression (interferon-gamma, interleukin-10). (biomedcentral.com)
- Cell surface antigens of leukocytes are called CD antigens, and important for immune reactions of organisms. (prospecbio.com)
Diagnosis1
- Polymorphism of the lymphoid background and immunohistochemical stains using keratin and leukocyte common antigen will help make the diagnosis. (thefreedictionary.com)
MAbs4
- In paraffin embedded tissues, mAbs and pAbs derived from human and swine antigens were very successful at binding equine tissue targets. (peerj.com)
- For a given target, dozens of mAbs may need to be screened, and thus the techniques used to generate the mAbs must be able to generate a panel of highly diverse antigen-specific (Ag-specific) mAbs. (justia.com)
- The standard method for creating mAbs to a particular antigen involves the creation of a fused cell called a "hybridoma. (justia.com)
- In addition, many of the clones generated may not produce mAbs that recognize the antigen of interest. (justia.com)
CD181
- The immunohistochemical analysis was conducted on paraffin sections using an antibody panel (against MHCII, CD18, CD79αcy, CD3 and E-cadherin). (paperity.org)
CD281
- CD antigens are involved in modulating the biological activities of cytokines such as CD4, CD28 and CD40. (prospecbio.com)
Tumor cell1
- A hybridoma is produced by fusing together an established tumor cell line, such as a myeloma cell line, and an antibody-producing cell (such as a B-lymphocyte) from an animal that has previously been immunized with the antigen. (justia.com)
Affinity1
- Are TD or TI antigens associated with long lasting responses, memory, high affinity, class switching? (brainscape.com)
Recognition1
- CDR4 of the β-chain is not thought to participate in antigen recognition, but has been shown to interact with superantigens . (wikipedia.org)
Cutaneous1
- Expression of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen and TIA-1 by lymphocytes in pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta and lymphomatoid papulosis: immunohistochemical study. (pubfacts.com)
Immune3
- Tumor-associated antigens" are multi-faceted and can be defined as any entity that the immune system can avail itself of to protect the host from disease. (frontiersin.org)
- Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues within an immune receptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) sequence in the C-terminal tail of the CD79 molecules results in recruitment of an additional PTK, Syk, resulting in generation of further phosphotyrosine sites. (blogspot.com)
- Icosahedral particles uniformly displaying single antigens stimulate potent immune activation and have been successful in various licensed vaccines. (zapi-imi.eu)
Cytoplasmic1
- Moreover, stimulation through BCRs containing an IgG cytoplasmic tail causes increased numbers of antigen-specific clones to accumulate. (sciencemag.org)
Expression5
- This study focuses on the rapid expression of B cell memory upon antigen recall in vivo, and the replenishment of quiescent B cell memory that follows. (rupress.org)
- Our goal was to develop a method for identifying tumor antigen candidates that could be targeted by antibody or CAR-based therapies by leveraging publically available microarray gene expression databases of pediatric cancer. (frontiersin.org)
- Surface Ig non-covalently associates with two other proteins, Ig-alpha and Ig-beta, which are necessary for expression and function of the B-cell antigen receptor. (elisa-kits.de)
- The antigen is expressed by B lymphocytes prior to the expression of immunoglobulins. (europeanmedical.info)
- The expression of CD antigens is influenced by cytokines, such as binding of ligands to CD antigens which has shown to modulate the expression of cytokines. (prospecbio.com)
Signal1
- a receptor, which engages antigens, and a transducer, which transmits an activating signal to the interior of the cell. (bio-medicine.org)