Antigens cd45. Medical search

Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.

Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.

Differentiation antigens found on thymocytes and on cytotoxic and suppressor T-lymphocytes. CD8 antigens are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are associative recognition elements in MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) Class I-restricted interactions.

Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.

Complex of at least five membrane-bound polypeptides in mature T-lymphocytes that are non-covalently associated with one another and with the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL). The CD3 complex includes the gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, and eta chains (subunits). When antigen binds to the T-cell receptor, the CD3 complex transduces the activating signals to the cytoplasm of the T-cell. The CD3 gamma and delta chains (subunits) are separate from and not related to the gamma/delta chains of the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA).

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

A bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis and HYDROLYSIS of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from NAD+ to ADP-RIBOSE. It is a cell surface molecule which is predominantly expressed on LYMPHOID CELLS and MYELOID CELLS.

Glycoproteins found on immature hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. They are the only molecules to date whose expression within the blood system is restricted to a small number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow.

Differentiation antigens expressed on B-lymphocytes and B-cell precursors. They are involved in regulation of B-cell proliferation.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily with specificity for CD40 LIGAND. It is found on mature B-LYMPHOCYTES and some EPITHELIAL CELLS, lymphoid DENDRITIC CELLS. Evidence suggests that CD40-dependent activation of B-cells is important for generation of memory B-cells within the germinal centers. Mutations of the gene for CD40 antigen result in HYPER-IGM IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, TYPE 3. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

A membrane glycoprotein and differentiation antigen expressed on the surface of T-cells that binds to CD40 ANTIGENS on B-LYMPHOCYTES and induces their proliferation. Mutation of the gene for CD40 ligand is a cause of HYPER-IGM IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, TYPE 1.

Unglycosylated phosphoproteins expressed only on B-cells. They are regulators of transmembrane Ca2+ conductance and thought to play a role in B-cell activation and proliferation.

Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.

Costimulatory T-LYMPHOCYTE receptors that have specificity for CD80 ANTIGEN and CD86 ANTIGEN. Activation of this receptor results in increased T-cell proliferation, cytokine production and promotion of T-cell survival.

Acidic sulfated integral membrane glycoproteins expressed in several alternatively spliced and variable glycosylated forms on a wide variety of cell types including mature T-cells, B-cells, medullary thymocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, erythrocytes, and fibroblasts. CD44 antigens are the principle cell surface receptors for hyaluronate and this interaction mediates binding of lymphocytes to high endothelial venules. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)

Differentiation antigens expressed on pluripotential hematopoietic cells, most human thymocytes, and a major subset of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. They have been implicated in integrin-mediated cellular adhesion and as signalling receptors on T-cells.

Glycolipid-anchored membrane glycoproteins expressed on cells of the myelomonocyte lineage including monocytes, macrophages, and some granulocytes. They function as receptors for the complex of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS-binding protein.

Glycoprotein members of the immunoglobulin superfamily which participate in T-cell adhesion and activation. They are expressed on most peripheral T-lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and thymocytes, and function as co-receptors or accessory molecules in the T-cell receptor complex.

Ratio of T-LYMPHOCYTES that express the CD4 ANTIGEN to those that express the CD8 ANTIGEN. This value is commonly assessed in the diagnosis and staging of diseases affecting the IMMUNE SYSTEM including HIV INFECTIONS.

Glycoproteins expressed on all mature T-cells, thymocytes, and a subset of mature B-cells. Antibodies specific for CD5 can enhance T-cell receptor-mediated T-cell activation. The B-cell-specific molecule CD72 is a natural ligand for CD5. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)

Antigens expressed primarily on the membranes of living cells during sequential stages of maturation and differentiation. As immunologic markers they have high organ and tissue specificity and are useful as probes in studies of normal cell development as well as neoplastic transformation.

A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.

Glycoproteins expressed on cortical thymocytes and on some dendritic cells and B-cells. Their structure is similar to that of MHC Class I and their function has been postulated as similar also. CD1 antigens are highly specific markers for human LANGERHANS CELLS.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

The 140 kDa isoform of NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule) containing a transmembrane domain and short cytoplasmic tail. It is expressed by all lymphocytes mediating non-MHC restricted cytotoxicity and is present on some neural tissues and tumors.

Antigens expressed on the cell membrane of T-lymphocytes during differentiation, activation, and normal and neoplastic transformation. Their phenotypic characterization is important in differential diagnosis and studies of thymic ontogeny and T-cell function.

A membrane-bound or cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). This enzyme generally catalyzes the hydrolysis of cADPR to ADP-RIBOSE, as well, and sometimes the synthesis of cyclic ADP-ribose 2' phosphate (2'-P-cADPR) from NADP.

Surface antigens expressed on myeloid cells of the granulocyte-monocyte-histiocyte series during differentiation. Analysis of their reactivity in normal and malignant myelomonocytic cells is useful in identifying and classifying human leukemias and lymphomas.

A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CD28 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD80 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a costimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

Tetraspanin proteins found at high levels in cells of the lymphoid-myeloid lineage. CD53 antigens may be involved regulating the differentiation of T-LYMPHOCYTES and the activation of B-LYMPHOCYTES.

A cell adhesion protein that was originally identified as a heat stable antigen in mice. It is involved in METASTASIS and is highly expressed in many NEOPLASMS.

Zinc-binding metalloproteases that are members of the type II integral membrane metalloproteases. They are expressed by GRANULOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and their precursors as well as by various non-hematopoietic cells. They release an N-terminal amino acid from a peptide, amide or arylamide.

Any part or derivative of any protozoan that elicits immunity; malaria (Plasmodium) and trypanosome antigens are presently the most frequently encountered.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CD28 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD86 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a stimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.

Polyomavirus antigens which cause infection and cellular transformation. The large T antigen is necessary for the initiation of viral DNA synthesis, repression of transcription of the early region and is responsible in conjunction with the middle T antigen for the transformation of primary cells. Small T antigen is necessary for the completion of the productive infection cycle.

A tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype found in a variety of tissues and on activated LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for FAS LIGAND and plays a role in regulation of peripheral immune responses and APOPTOSIS. Multiple isoforms of the protein exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. The activated receptor signals via a conserved death domain that associates with specific TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS in the CYTOPLASM.

Antigens determined by leukocyte loci found on chromosome 6, the major histocompatibility loci in humans. They are polypeptides or glycoproteins found on most nucleated cells and platelets, determine tissue types for transplantation, and are associated with certain diseases.

Membrane antigens associated with maturation stages of B-lymphocytes, often expressed in tumors of B-cell origin.

High-molecular weight glycoproteins uniquely expressed on the surface of LEUKOCYTES and their hemopoietic progenitors. They contain a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase activity which plays a role in intracellular signaling from the CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. The CD45 antigens occur as multiple isoforms that result from alternative mRNA splicing and differential usage of three exons.

Process of classifying cells of the immune system based on structural and functional differences. The process is commonly used to analyze and sort T-lymphocytes into subsets based on CD antigens by the technique of flow cytometry.

Substances of fungal origin that have antigenic activity.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The major group of transplantation antigens in the mouse.

A 67-kDa sialic acid binding lectin that is specific for MYELOID CELLS and MONOCYTE-MACROPHAGE PRECURSOR CELLS. This protein is the smallest siglec subtype and contains a single immunoglobulin C2-set domain. It may play a role in intracellular signaling via its interaction with SHP-1 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE and SHP-2 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE.

Any part or derivative of a helminth that elicits an immune reaction. The most commonly seen helminth antigens are those of the schistosomes.

Molecules on the surface of T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with antigens. The receptors are non-covalently associated with a complex of several polypeptides collectively called CD3 antigens (ANTIGENS, CD3). Recognition of foreign antigen and the major histocompatibility complex is accomplished by a single heterodimeric antigen-receptor structure, composed of either alpha-beta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, ALPHA-BETA) or gamma-delta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA) chains.

Cell-surface glycoprotein beta-chains that are non-covalently linked to specific alpha-chains of the CD11 family of leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION). A defect in the gene encoding CD18 causes LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME.

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that may play a role in the regulation of NF-KAPPA B and APOPTOSIS. They are found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; MAST CELLS and NK CELLS. Overexpression of CD30 antigen in hematopoietic malignancies make the antigen clinically useful as a biological tumor marker. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.

A critical subpopulation of regulatory T-lymphocytes involved in MHC Class I-restricted interactions. They include both cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and CD8+ suppressor T-lymphocytes.

Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.

A subtype of tetraspanin proteins that play a role in cell adhesion, cell motility, and tumor metastasis. CD9 antigens take part in the process of platelet activation and aggregation, the formation of paranodal junctions in neuronal tissue, and the fusion of sperm with egg.

A glycoprotein that is secreted into the luminal surface of the epithelia in the gastrointestinal tract. It is found in the feces and pancreaticobiliary secretions and is used to monitor the response to colon cancer treatment.

A subclass of HLA-D antigens that consist of alpha and beta chains. The inheritance of HLA-DR antigens differs from that of the HLA-DQ ANTIGENS and HLA-DP ANTIGENS.

A trisaccharide antigen expressed on glycolipids and many cell-surface glycoproteins. In the blood the antigen is found on the surface of NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. In addition, CD15 antigen is a stage-specific embryonic antigen.

Those proteins recognized by antibodies from serum of animals bearing tumors induced by viruses; these proteins are presumably coded for by the nucleic acids of the same viruses that caused the neoplastic transformation.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A sialic acid-rich protein and an integral cell membrane mucin. It plays an important role in activation of T-LYMPHOCYTES.

Leukocyte differentiation antigens and major platelet membrane glycoproteins present on MONOCYTES; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; PLATELETS; and mammary EPITHELIAL CELLS. They play major roles in CELL ADHESION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; and regulation of angiogenesis. CD36 is a receptor for THROMBOSPONDINS and can act as a scavenger receptor that recognizes and transports oxidized LIPOPROTEINS and FATTY ACIDS.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A group of three different alpha chains (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c) that are associated with an invariant CD18 beta chain (ANTIGENS, CD18). The three resulting leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE ADHESION) are LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1; MACROPHAGE-1 ANTIGEN; and ANTIGEN, P150,95.

Large, transmembrane, non-covalently linked glycoproteins (alpha and beta). Both chains can be polymorphic although there is more structural variation in the beta chains. The class II antigens in humans are called HLA-D ANTIGENS and are coded by a gene on chromosome 6. In mice, two genes named IA and IE on chromosome 17 code for the H-2 antigens. The antigens are found on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, epidermal cells, and sperm and are thought to mediate the competence of and cellular cooperation in the immune response. The term IA antigens used to refer only to the proteins encoded by the IA genes in the mouse, but is now used as a generic term for any class II histocompatibility antigen.

A group of antigens that includes both the major and minor histocompatibility antigens. The former are genetically determined by the major histocompatibility complex. They determine tissue type for transplantation and cause allograft rejections. The latter are systems of allelic alloantigens that can cause weak transplant rejection.

Small glycoproteins found on both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. CD59 restricts the cytolytic activity of homologous complement by binding to C8 and C9 and blocking the assembly of the membrane attack complex. (From Barclay et al., The Leukocyte Antigen FactsBook, 1993, p234)

IMMUNOGLOBULINS on the surface of B-LYMPHOCYTES. Their MESSENGER RNA contains an EXON with a membrane spanning sequence, producing immunoglobulins in the form of type I transmembrane proteins as opposed to secreted immunoglobulins (ANTIBODIES) which do not contain the membrane spanning segment.

Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. PCNA is required for the coordinated synthesis of both leading and lagging strands at the replication fork during DNA replication. PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types.

Oligosaccharide antigenic determinants found principally on NK cells and T-cells. Their role in the immune response is poorly understood.

A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds to CD27 ANTIGEN. It is found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS where it plays a role in stimulating the proliferation of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES and CD8-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES.

A ubiquitously expressed complement receptor that binds COMPLEMENT C3B and COMPLEMENT C4B and serves as a cofactor for their inactivation. CD46 also interacts with a wide variety of pathogens and mediates immune response.

A class of animal lectins that bind to carbohydrate in a calcium-dependent manner. They share a common carbohydrate-binding domain that is structurally distinct from other classes of lectins.

Glycoproteins with a wide distribution on hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells and strongly expressed on macrophages. CD58 mediates cell adhesion by binding to CD2; (ANTIGENS, CD2); and this enhances antigen-specific T-cell activation.

55-kDa antigens found on HELPER-INDUCER T-LYMPHOCYTES and on a variety of other immune cell types. CD4 antigens are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are implicated as associative recognition elements in MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX class II-restricted immune responses. On T-lymphocytes they define the helper/inducer subset. CD4 antigens also serve as INTERLEUKIN-15 receptors and bind to the HIV receptors, binding directly to the HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120.

A ubiquitously expressed membrane glycoprotein. It interacts with a variety of INTEGRINS and mediates responses to EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS.

A CD antigen that contains a conserved I domain which is involved in ligand binding. When combined with CD18 the two subunits form MACROPHAGE-1 ANTIGEN.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A glycoprotein that is a kallikrein-like serine proteinase and an esterase, produced by epithelial cells of both normal and malignant prostate tissue. It is an important marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

An integrin alpha subunit of approximately 150-kDa molecular weight. It is expressed at high levels on monocytes and combines with CD18 ANTIGEN to form the cell surface receptor INTEGRIN ALPHAXBETA2. The subunit contains a conserved I-domain which is characteristic of several of alpha integrins.

The lipopolysaccharide-protein somatic antigens, usually from gram-negative bacteria, important in the serological classification of enteric bacilli. The O-specific chains determine the specificity of the O antigens of a given serotype. O antigens are the immunodominant part of the lipopolysaccharide molecule in the intact bacterial cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

A specific HLA-A surface antigen subtype. Members of this subtype contain alpha chains that are encoded by the HLA-A*02 allele family.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive.

The number of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES per unit volume of BLOOD. Determination requires the use of a fluorescence-activated flow cytometer.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

Carbohydrate antigens expressed by malignant tissue. They are useful as tumor markers and are measured in the serum by means of a radioimmunoassay employing monoclonal antibodies.

GPI-linked membrane proteins broadly distributed among hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. CD55 prevents the assembly of C3 CONVERTASE or accelerates the disassembly of preformed convertase, thus blocking the formation of the membrane attack complex.

Cell adhesion molecules present on virtually all monocytes, platelets, and granulocytes. CD31 is highly expressed on endothelial cells and concentrated at the junctions between them.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Membrane glycoproteins consisting of an alpha subunit and a BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN beta subunit. In humans, highly polymorphic genes on CHROMOSOME 6 encode the alpha subunits of class I antigens and play an important role in determining the serological specificity of the surface antigen. Class I antigens are found on most nucleated cells and are generally detected by their reactivity with alloantisera. These antigens are recognized during GRAFT REJECTION and restrict cell-mediated lysis of virus-infected cells.

Tetraspanin proteins that are involved in a variety of cellular functions including BASEMENT MEMBRANE assembly, and in the formation of a molecular complexes on the surface of LYMPHOCYTES.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specific for 4-1BB LIGAND. It is found in a variety of immune cell types including activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; NATURAL KILLER CELLS; and DENDRITIC CELLS. Activation of the receptor on T-LYMPHOCYTES plays a role in their expansion, production of cytokines and survival. Signaling by the activated receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

Polymorphic class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens present on almost all nucleated cells. At least 20 antigens have been identified which are encoded by the A locus of multiple alleles on chromosome 6. They serve as targets for T-cell cytolytic responses and are involved with acceptance or rejection of tissue/organ grafts.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).

Receptors present on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES and B-LYMPHOCYTES that are specific for INTERLEUKIN-2 and play an important role in LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION. They are heterotrimeric proteins consisting of the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT, the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR BETA SUBUNIT, and the INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA-CHAIN.

Sets of cell surface antigens located on BLOOD CELLS. They are usually membrane GLYCOPROTEINS or GLYCOLIPIDS that are antigenically distinguished by their carbohydrate moieties.

Those hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen.

Ubiquitously-expressed tetraspanin proteins that are found in late ENDOSOMES and LYSOSOMES and have been implicated in intracellular transport of proteins.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

Tetraspanin proteins found associated with LAMININ-binding INTEGRINS. The CD151 antigens may play a role in the regulation of CELL MOTILITY.

A component of the B-cell antigen receptor that is involved in B-cell antigen receptor heavy chain transport to the PLASMA MEMBRANE. It is expressed almost exclusively in B-LYMPHOCYTES and serves as a useful marker for B-cell NEOPLASMS.

An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Human immune-response or Class II antigens found mainly, but not exclusively, on B-lymphocytes and produced from genes of the HLA-D locus. They are extremely polymorphic families of glycopeptides, each consisting of two chains, alpha and beta. This group of antigens includes the -DR, -DQ and -DP designations, of which HLA-DR is most studied; some of these glycoproteins are associated with certain diseases, possibly of immune etiology.

A membrane-bound tumor necrosis family member found primarily on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that binds specifically to CD30 ANTIGEN. It may play a role in INFLAMMATION and immune regulation.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A class of enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond of nitrogen-linked sugars.

A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.

Molecules on the surface of B- and T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with specific antigens.

Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).

The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS.

An alpha-integrin subunit found on lymphocytes, granulocytes, macrophages and monocytes. It combines with the integrin beta2 subunit (CD18 ANTIGEN) to form LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Antigens of the virion of the HEPATITIS B VIRUS or the Dane particle, its surface (HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS), core (HEPATITIS B CORE ANTIGENS), and other associated antigens, including the HEPATITIS B E ANTIGENS.

The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.

The processes triggered by interactions of ANTIBODIES with their ANTIGENS.

Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.

Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

A heterogeneous group of immunocompetent cells that mediate the cellular immune response by processing and presenting antigens to the T-cells. Traditional antigen-presenting cells include MACROPHAGES; DENDRITIC CELLS; LANGERHANS CELLS; and B-LYMPHOCYTES. FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS are not traditional antigen-presenting cells, but because they hold antigen on their cell surface in the form of IMMUNE COMPLEXES for B-cell recognition they are considered so by some authors.

The type species of LYMPHOCRYPTOVIRUS, subfamily GAMMAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting B-cells in humans. It is thought to be the causative agent of INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS and is strongly associated with oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY;), BURKITT LYMPHOMA; and other malignancies.

T-cell receptors composed of CD3-associated alpha and beta polypeptide chains and expressed primarily in CD4+ or CD8+ T-cells. Unlike immunoglobulins, the alpha-beta T-cell receptors recognize antigens only when presented in association with major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

Class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens encoded by more than 30 detectable alleles on locus B of the HLA complex, the most polymorphic of all the HLA specificities. Several of these antigens (e.g., HLA-B27, -B7, -B8) are strongly associated with predisposition to rheumatoid and other autoimmune disorders. Like other class I HLA determinants, they are involved in the cellular immune reactivity of cytolytic T lymphocytes.

The altered state of immunologic responsiveness resulting from initial contact with antigen, which enables the individual to produce antibodies more rapidly and in greater quantity in response to secondary antigenic stimulus.

Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.

The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

A melanosome-specific protein that plays a role in the expression, stability, trafficking, and processing of GP100 MELANOMA ANTIGEN, which is critical to the formation of Stage II MELANOSOMES. The protein is used as an antigen marker for MELANOMA cells.

A widely distributed cell surface transmembrane glycoprotein that stimulates the synthesis of MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES. It is found at high levels on the surface of malignant NEOPLASMS and may play a role as a mediator of malignant cell behavior.

A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.

An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.

Antigens associated with specific proteins of the human adult T-cell immunodeficiency virus (HIV); also called HTLV-III-associated and lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) antigens.

An inhibitory T CELL receptor that is closely related to CD28 ANTIGEN. It has specificity for CD80 ANTIGEN and CD86 ANTIGEN and acts as a negative regulator of peripheral T cell function. CTLA-4 antigen is believed to play role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

A promyelocytic cell line derived from a patient with ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. HL-60 cells lack specific markers for LYMPHOID CELLS but express surface receptors for FC FRAGMENTS and COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS. They also exhibit phagocytic activity and responsiveness to chemotactic stimuli. (From Hay et al., American Type Culture Collection, 7th ed, pp127-8)

A widely expressed transmembrane glycoprotein that functions as a METASTASIS suppressor protein. It is underexpressed in a variety of human NEOPLASMS.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

A group of differentiation surface antigens, among the first to be discovered on thymocytes and T-lymphocytes. Originally identified in the mouse, they are also found in other species including humans, and are expressed on brain neurons and other cells.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

The specific failure of a normally responsive individual to make an immune response to a known antigen. It results from previous contact with the antigen by an immunologically immature individual (fetus or neonate) or by an adult exposed to extreme high-dose or low-dose antigen, or by exposure to radiation, antimetabolites, antilymphocytic serum, etc.

Manifestations of the immune response which are mediated by antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes via lymphokines or direct cytotoxicity. This takes place in the absence of circulating antibody or where antibody plays a subordinate role.

A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat.

Endogenous tissue constituents that have the ability to interact with AUTOANTIBODIES and cause an immune response.

A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Nuclear antigens encoded by VIRAL GENES found in HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 4. At least six nuclear antigens have been identified.

A soluble substance elaborated by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-LYMPHOCYTES which induces DNA synthesis in naive lymphocytes.

A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

A sex-specific cell surface antigen produced by the sex-determining gene of the Y chromosome in mammals. It causes syngeneic grafts from males to females to be rejected and interacts with somatic elements of the embryologic undifferentiated gonad to produce testicular organogenesis.

A cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is expressed in ENDOTHELIAL CELLS and is involved in INTERCELLULAR JUNCTIONS.

Antigens stimulating the formation of, or combining with heterophile antibodies. They are cross-reacting antigens found in phylogenetically unrelated species.

CD4-positive T cells that inhibit immunopathology or autoimmune disease in vivo. They inhibit the immune response by influencing the activity of other cell types. Regulatory T-cells include naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ cells, IL-10 secreting Tr1 cells, and Th3 cells.

Antibodies obtained from a single clone of cells grown in mice or rats.

Antigenic determinants recognized and bound by the T-cell receptor. Epitopes recognized by the T-cell receptor are often located in the inner, unexposed side of the antigen, and become accessible to the T-cell receptors after proteolytic processing of the antigen.

The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

A heterodimeric protein that is a cell surface antigen associated with lymphocyte activation. The initial characterization of this protein revealed one identifiable heavy chain (ANTIGENS, CD98 HEAVY CHAIN) and an indeterminate smaller light chain. It is now known that a variety of light chain subunits (ANTIGENS, CD98 LIGHT CHAINS) can dimerize with the heavy chain. Depending upon its light chain composition a diverse array of functions can be found for this protein. Functions include: type L amino acid transport, type y+L amino acid transport and regulation of cellular fusion.

The hepatitis B antigen within the core of the Dane particle, the infectious hepatitis virion.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.

They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.

A group of the D-related HLA antigens found to differ from the DR antigens in genetic locus and therefore inheritance. These antigens are polymorphic glycoproteins comprising alpha and beta chains and are found on lymphoid and other cells, often associated with certain diseases.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.

A glycolipid, cross-species antigen that induces production of antisheep hemolysin. It is present on the tissue cells of many species but absent in humans. It is found in many infectious agents.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

An inhibitory B7 antigen that has specificity for the T-CELL receptor PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH 1 PROTEIN. CD274 antigen provides negative signals that control and inhibit T-cell responses and is found at higher than normal levels on tumor cells, suggesting its potential role in TUMOR IMMUNE EVASION.

Serologic tests based on inactivation of complement by the antigen-antibody complex (stage 1). Binding of free complement can be visualized by addition of a second antigen-antibody system such as red cells and appropriate red cell antibody (hemolysin) requiring complement for its completion (stage 2). Failure of the red cells to lyse indicates that a specific antigen-antibody reaction has taken place in stage 1. If red cells lyse, free complement is present indicating no antigen-antibody reaction occurred in stage 1.

A species of POLYOMAVIRUS originally isolated from Rhesus monkey kidney tissue. It produces malignancy in human and newborn hamster kidney cell cultures.

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.

Antigens that exist in alternative (allelic) forms in a single species. When an isoantigen is encountered by species members who lack it, an immune response is induced. Typical isoantigens are the BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS.

Cells artificially created by fusion of activated lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. The resulting hybrid cells are cloned and produce pure MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES or T-cell products, identical to those produced by the immunologically competent parent cell.

A melanosome-associated protein that plays a role in the maturation of the MELANOSOME.

The genetic region which contains the loci of genes which determine the structure of the serologically defined (SD) and lymphocyte-defined (LD) TRANSPLANTATION ANTIGENS, genes which control the structure of the IMMUNE RESPONSE-ASSOCIATED ANTIGENS, HUMAN; the IMMUNE RESPONSE GENES which control the ability of an animal to respond immunologically to antigenic stimuli, and genes which determine the structure and/or level of the first four components of complement.

Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.

A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.

Form of passive immunization where previously sensitized immunologic agents (cells or serum) are transferred to non-immune recipients. When transfer of cells is used as a therapy for the treatment of neoplasms, it is called adoptive immunotherapy (IMMUNOTHERAPY, ADOPTIVE).

Adenoviral gene transfer into the normal and injured spinal cord: enhanced transgene stability by combined administration of temperature-sensitive virus and transient immune blockade. (1/2721)

This study characterized gene transfer into both normal and injured adult rat dorsal spinal cord using first (E1-/E3-) or second (E1-/E2A125/E3-, temperature-sensitive; ts) generation of replication-defective adenoviral (Ad) vectors. A novel immunosuppressive regimen aimed at blocking CD4/CD45 lymphocytic receptors was tested for improving transgene persistence. In addition, the effect of gene transfer on nociception was also evaluated. Seven days after treatment, numerous LacZ-positive cells were observed after transfection with either viral vector. By 21 days after transfection, beta-galactosidase staining was reduced and suggestive of ongoing cytopathology in both Ad-treated groups, despite the fact that the immunogenicity of LacZ/Adts appeared less when compared with that elicited by the LacZ/Ad vector. In contrast, immunosuppressed animals showed a significant (P < or = 0.05) increase in the number of LacZ-positive cells not displaying cytopathology. In these animals, a concomitant reduction in numbers of macrophages/microglia and CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes was observed. Only animals that received LacZ/Adts and immunosuppression showed transgene expression after 60 days. Similar results were observed in animals in which the L4-L5 dorsal roots were lesioned before transfection. Gene transfer into the dorsal spinal cord did not affect nociception, independent of the adenovirus vector. These results indicate that immune blockade of the CD4/CD45 lymphocytic receptors enhanced transgene stability in adult animals with normal or injured spinal cords and that persistent transgene expression in the spinal cord does not interfere with normal neural function. (+info)

Oval cell numbers in human chronic liver diseases are directly related to disease severity. (2/2721)

The risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma is significantly increased in patients with genetic hemochromatosis, alcoholic liver disease, or chronic hepatitis C infection. The precise mechanisms underlying the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in these conditions are not well understood. Stem cells within the liver, termed oval cells, are involved in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in animal models and may be important in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in human chronic liver diseases. The aims of this study were to determine whether oval cells could be detected in the liver of patients with genetic hemochromatosis, alcoholic liver disease, or chronic hepatitis C, and whether there is a relationship between the severity of the liver disease and the number of oval cells. Oval cells were detected using histology and immunohistochemistry in liver biopsies from patients with genetic hemochromatosis, alcoholic liver disease, or chronic hepatitis C. Oval cells were not observed in normal liver controls. Oval cell numbers increased significantly with the progression of disease severity from mild to severe in each of the diseases studied. We conclude that oval cells are frequently found in subjects with genetic hemochromatosis, alcoholic liver disease, or chronic hepatitis C. There is an association between severity of liver disease and increase in the number of oval cells consistent with the hypothesis that oval cell proliferation is associated with increased risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic liver disease. (+info)

Peripheral autoantigen induces regulatory T cells that prevent autoimmunity. (3/2721)

Previous studies have shown that autoimmune thyroiditis can be induced in normal laboratory rats after thymectomy and split dose gamma-irradiation. Development of disease can be prevented by reconstitution of PVG rats shortly after their final irradiation with either peripheral CD4(+)CD45RC- T cells or CD4(+)CD8(-) thymocytes from syngeneic donors. Although the activity of both populations is known to depend on the activities of endogenously produced interleukin 4 and transforming growth factor beta, implying a common mechanism, the issue of antigen specificity of the cells involved has not yet been addressed. In this study, we show that the regulatory T cells that prevent autoimmune thyroiditis are generated in vivo only when the relevant autoantigen is also present. Peripheral CD4(+) T cells, from rats whose thyroids were ablated in utero by treatment with 131I, were unable to prevent disease development upon adoptive transfer into thymectomized and irradiated recipients. This regulatory deficit is specific for thyroid autoimmunity, since CD4(+) T cells from 131I-treated PVG.RT1(u) rats were as effective as those from normal donors at preventing diabetes in thymectomized and irradiated PVG.RT1(u) rats. Significantly, in contrast to the peripheral CD4(+) T cells, CD4(+)CD8(-) thymocytes from 131I-treated PVG donors were still able to prevent thyroiditis upon adoptive transfer. Taken together, these data indicate that it is the peripheral autoantigen itself that stimulates the generation of the appropriate regulatory cells from thymic emigrant precursors. (+info)

Selective recruitment of CCR4-bearing Th2 cells toward antigen-presenting cells by the CC chemokines thymus and activation-regulated chemokine and macrophage-derived chemokine. (4/2721)

Helper T cells are classified into Th1 and Th2 subsets based on their profiles of cytokine production. Th1 cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity, whereas Th2 cells induce humoral responses. Selective recruitment of these two subsets depends on specific adhesion molecules and specific chemoattractants. Here, we demonstrate that the T cell-directed CC chemokine thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) was abundantly produced by monocytes treated with granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or IL-3, especially in the presence of IL-4 and by dendritic cells derived from monocytes cultured with GM-CSF + IL-4. The receptor for TARC and another macrophage/dendritic cell-derived CC chemokine macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) is CCR4, a G protein-coupled receptor. CCR4 was found to be expressed on approximately 20% of adult peripheral blood effector/memory CD4+ T cells. T cells attracted by TARC and MDC generated cell lines predominantly producing Th2-type cytokines, IL-4 and IL-5. Fractionated CCR4+ cells but not CCR4- cells also selectively gave rise to Th2-type cell lines. When naive CD4+ T cells from adult peripheral blood were polarized in vitro, Th2-type cells selectively expressed CCR4 and vigorously migrated toward TARC and MDC. Taken together, CCR4 is selectively expressed on Th2-type T cells and antigen-presenting cells may recruit Th2 cells expressing CCR4 by producing TARC and MDC in Th2-dominant conditions. (+info)

CD45 can act as a negative regulator for the transition from early to late CD4+ CD8+ thymocytes. (5/2721)

The differentiation process from CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) thymocytes to CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) stage is accompanied by vigorous proliferation. The resulting DP cells contain a sizable proportion of large cycling cells, but most DP cells are small resting cells. To explore the molecular mechanisms which regulate cell proliferation of DP thymocytes prior to further development, we used TCR-transgenic (Tg) mice with non-selecting MHC (Tg-Neut), which contain almost exclusively DP thymocytes that are not subject to either positive or negative selection. In Tg-Neut, the thymus contained DP cells of relatively large size, which showed higher extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity and enhanced responsiveness to mitogen compared to small DP cells. This indicates that all the large DP cells in the thymus are not positively selected and that they possess proliferative potential. When Tg-Neut mice were backcrossed with CD45 knockout mice (CD454-/- Tg-Neut), the thymus showed an increase of large DP cells and cycling cells, but a decrease of apoptotic cells. Furthermore, Bcl-2 expression and Jun N-terminal kinase activity, which are associated with resistance to apoptosis, were enhanced. These observations suggest that thymocyte proliferation in the DP stage is suppressed by a CD45-related process with regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and Bcl-2 unless DP cells receive TCR-mediated signals. (+info)

Early ontogeny of monocytes and macrophages in the pig. (6/2721)

Prenatal development of cord blood monocytes and tissue macrophages was studied in pig foetuses by immunophenotyping and functional assays. The function of peripheral blood monocytes was compared in germ-free and conventional piglets. First macrophages were identified by electron microscopy in foetal liver on the 25th day of gestation. Monoclonal antibodies against porcine CD45 and SWC3 antigens were used for flow cytometric identification of myelomonocytic cells in cell suspensions prepared from the yolk sac, foetal liver, spleen and cord blood. Leukocytes expressing the common myelomonocytic antigen SWC3 were found in all organs studied since the earliest stages of development. Opsonized zymosan ingestion assay was used to determine the phagocytic capacity of foetal mononuclear phagocytes isolated from cord blood, liver and spleen. In the foetal liver, avid phagocytosis of apoptic cells had been found to occur before cells were able to ingest zymosan in vitro. The first cells capable of ingesting zymosan particles were found on the 40th day of gestation in umbilical blood and 17 days later in foetal spleen and liver. Their relative proportion increased with age. Cord blood monocytes and peripheral blood monocytes in germ-free piglets had low oxidatory burst activity as shown by iodonitrophenyl tetrazolium reduction assay. A remarkable increase of oxidatory burst activity was observed in conventional piglets, probably due to activation of immune mechanisms by the microflora colonizing gastrointestinal tract. (+info)

Phosphorylation of CD45 by casein kinase 2. Modulation of activity and mutational analysis. (7/2721)

CD45 is a receptor-type protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) that is required for antigen-specific stimulation and proliferation in lymphocytes. This study was designed to determine the nature of specific kinases in lymphocytes that phosphorylate CD45 and to determine the effect of phosphorylation on CD45 PTP activity. A major cytoplasmic lymphocyte kinase that phosphorylated CD45 was identified as casein kinase 2 (CK2) by use of an in-gel kinase assay in combination with immunoprecipitation, immunodepletion, and specific inhibition. Mutational analysis of CK2 consensus sites showed that the target for CK2 was in an acidic insert of 19 amino acids in the D2 domain, and Ser to Ala mutations at amino acids 965, 968, 969, and 973 abrogated CK2 phosphorylation of CD45. CK2 phosphorylation increased CD45 activity 3-fold toward phosphorylated myelin basic protein, and this increase was reversible by PP2A treatment. Mutation of Ser to Glu at the CK2 sites had the same effect as phosphorylation and also tripled the Vmax of CD45. CD45 isolated in vivo was highly phosphorylated and could not be phosphorylated by CK2 without prior dephosphorylation with phosphatase PP2A. We conclude that CK2 is a major lymphocyte kinase that is responsible for in vivo phosphorylation of CD45, and phosphorylation at specific CK2 sites regulates CD45 PTP activity. (+info)

Differential effects of manipulating signaling in early T cell development in intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes and thymocytes. (8/2721)

A pre-TCR-CD3 signal is required for the efficient maturation of CD4- CD8- thymocytes to the CD4+ CD8+ stage. This study addressed whether a similar signal is required for maturation of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) that may develop extrathymically. We have shown previously that IEL from mice deficient for CD3- associated zeta chains include an immature population of CD3- CD8alphaalpha+ cells expressing cytoplasmic TCR beta chains but lacking detectable surface TCRalphabeta, CD16 and B220. Here we stimulated the appearance of such IEL in epsilon+/- zeta-/- mice by expression of an activated Lck transgene or in vivo treatment with anti-CD3epsilon. Anti-CD3epsilon treatment of RAG-deficient animals also yielded CD16- B220- IEL. In contrast, expression of a TCRbeta transgene in rag-1(-/-) mice did not stimulate the appearance of CD3- CD8alphaalpha+ CD16- B220- cells. Taken together these data indicate that although anti-CD3epsilon treatment and LckF505 assist in catalyzing a CD16+ B220+ --> CD16- B220- transition, these manipulations are not equivalent to a pre-TCR signal in IEL lymphocytes. (+info)

Pao LI, Bedzyk WD, Persin C, Cambier JC (February 1997). "Molecular targets of CD45 in B cell antigen receptor signal ... recruitment to B cell antigen receptor and activation following stimulation of CD45- B cells". Journal of Immunology. 158 (6): ... Vilen BJ, Famiglietti SJ, Carbone AM, Kay BK, Cambier JC (July 1997). "B cell antigen receptor desensitization: disruption of ... Tissue Antigens. 69 (2): 145-53. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00710.x. PMID 17257317. BTLA+protein,+human at the US National ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BTLA

2000). "CD45-associated protein is not essential for the regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signal transduction". Eur. J. ... 2004). "PTPRC (CD45) C77G mutation does not contribute to multiple sclerosis susceptibility in Sardinian patients". J. Neurol. ... Vogel A, Strassburg CP, Manns MP (2003). "77 C/G mutation in the tyrosine phosphatase CD45 gene and autoimmune hepatitis: ... 1994). "LPAP, a novel 32-kDa phosphoprotein that interacts with CD45 in human lymphocytes". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (46): 29102-11. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTPRCAP

In these cells, a small amount of LYN is associated with cell surface receptor proteins, including the B cell antigen receptor ... Greer SF, Justement LB (May 1999). "CD45 regulates tyrosine phosphorylation of CD22 and its association with the protein ... Brown VK, Ogle EW, Burkhardt AL, Rowley RB, Bolen JB, Justement LB (Jun 1994). "Multiple components of the B cell antigen ... Yamamoto T, Yamanashi Y, Toyoshima K (Apr 1993). "Association of Src-family kinase Lyn with B-cell antigen receptor". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LYN

Marker analysis has also led to debate over the origin of the cell type; it coexpresses CD45, a leukocyte common antigen, and ... centers of lymphoid follicles and have an integral role in regulation of the germinal center reaction and present antigens to B ... CD15, a monocyte common antigen. Because of the debate and difficulty of staining, pathologic diagnosis often requires ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follicular_dendritic_cell_sarcoma

1994). "Multiple components of the B cell antigen receptor complex associate with the protein tyrosine phosphatase, CD45". J. ... It is associated with agammaglobulinemia-6. The B lymphocyte antigen receptor is a multimeric complex that includes the antigen ... PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human B-cell antigen receptor complex- ... Müller B, Cooper L, Terhorst C (1995). "Interplay between the human TCR/CD3 epsilon and the B-cell antigen receptor associated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD79B

They express LCAs (leucocyte common antigens) CD45, CD14, CD33, and CD4 (also expressed by T helper cells). These histiocytes ... Their main activity is antigen presentation; they express Factor XIIIa, CD1c, and Class II Human leukocyte antigens. A subset ... Langerhans cells are antigen-presenting cells but have undergone further differentiation. Skin Langerhans cells express CD1a, ... Phagocytosis is the main process of macrophages and antigen presentation the main property of dendritic cells (so called ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histiocyte

Reth M (1992). "Antigen receptors on B lymphocytes". Annual Review of Immunology. 10 (1): 97-121. doi:10.1146/annurev.iy. ... CD45". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (25): 17238-44. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)32545-0. PMID 7516335. Pani G, ... Engels N, Wollscheid B, Wienands J (Jul 2001). "Association of SLP-65/BLNK with the B cell antigen receptor through a non-ITAM ... Brown VK, Ogle EW, Burkhardt AL, Rowley RB, Bolen JB, Justement LB (Jun 1994). "Multiple components of the B cell antigen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD79A

... is also known as CD45 antigen (CD stands for cluster of differentiation), which was originally called leukocyte common ... A unique secreted adenovirus E3 protein binds to the leukocyte common antigen CD45 and modulates leukocyte functions. Proc Natl ... CD45 does not colocalize with lipid rafts on murine and human non-transformed hematopoietic cells, but CD45 positioning within ... May 2004). "CD45 variant alleles: possibly increased frequency of a novel exon 4 CD45 polymorphism in HIV seropositive Ugandans ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTPRC

If the KIR receptors of NK cell find their cognate antigen on the surface of target cell, formation of the lytic synapse is ... d-SMAC (distal-SMAC) enriched in CD43 and CD45 molecules. New investigations, however, have shown that a "bull's eye" is not ... The process of formation begins when the T-cell receptor (TCR) binds to the peptide:MHC complex on the antigen-presenting cell ... In immunology, an immunological synapse (or immune synapse) is the interface between an antigen-presenting cell or target cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunological_synapse

Cd45, a cell surface glycoprotein, plays a critical role in antigen-stimulated dephosphorylation of specific phosphotyrosines ... Hermiston ML, Zikherman J, Zhu JW (March 2009). "CD45, CD148, and Lyp/Pep: critical phosphatases regulating Src family kinase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receptor_tyrosine_kinase

"Physical associations between CD45 and CD4 or CD8 occur as late activation events in antigen receptor-stimulated human T cells ... The CD8 antigen, acting as a coreceptor, and the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte recognize antigen displayed by an antigen- ... The CD8 antigen is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell ... Barber EK, Dasgupta JD, Schlossman SF, Trevillyan JM, Rudd CE (1989). "The CD4 and CD8 antigens are coupled to a protein- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD8A

During ligand binding, CD45 and CD148 are excluded from the TCR region. It was also shown that both the truncation of CD45 and ... The TCR/peptide-MHC complex, formed when a T cell recognises its ligand on an antigen presenting cell (APC) and the T-cell-APC ... CD45 phosphatase is not completely excluded from the close-contact zone and thus the signal generated in the case of a ... Phosphatases CD45 and CD148 with much larger ectodomains than TCR are sterically excluded from the close contact zones, while ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic-segregation_model_of_T_cell_activation

CD4 antigen - CD45 antigen - CD95 antigen - CDC28 protein kinase - cell - cell adhesion molecule - cell biology - cell cycle ... T-cell antigen receptors - tachykinin - tachykinin receptor - talin protein - tandem repeat sequence - taste bud - TATA box - ... carcinoembryonic antigen - carrier - carrier protein - CAS registry number - casein - catabolism - catalyst - catalytic domain ... alpha-beta T-cell antigen receptor - alpha-fetoprotein - alpha-globulin - alpha-macroglobulin - alpha-MSH - Ames test - amide ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_biochemistry_articles

CD45 antigens, and many other surface receptors required to act in the antigen-presenting, phagocytic, and cytotoxic roles that ... In some cases, microglia can also be activated by IFN-γ to present antigens, but do not function as effectively as if they had ... As mentioned above, resident non-activated microglia act as poor antigen presenting cells due to their lack of MHC class I/II ... Once they have been presented with antigens, T-cells go on to fulfill a variety of roles including pro-inflammatory recruitment ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microglia

... antigens, cd45 MeSH D08.811.277.352.650.625.700.200 - cdc25 phosphatase MeSH D08.811.277.352.650.625.725 - pyruvate ... antigens, cd38 MeSH D08.811.277.450.770 - oligo-1,6-glucosidase MeSH D08.811.277.450.770.800 - sucrase-isomaltase complex MeSH ... prostate-specific antigen MeSH D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.875 - tissue kallikreins MeSH D08.811.277.656.300.760.501 - mannose- ... antigens, cd13 MeSH D08.811.277.656.350.555.200 - carboxypeptidase b MeSH D08.811.277.656.350.555.250 - carboxypeptidase h MeSH ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D08)

The cells must express CD73, CD90 and CD105 and they must be negative for CD14 or CD11b, CD34, CD45, CD79 alpha or CD19 and HLA ... Low levels of human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DR) make MSCs hypoimmunogenic. MSCs have trilineage differentiation capacity where ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromal_cell

... and CD79a and also express the common leukocyte antigen CD45, which is uncommon on RSH cells. The LP cells have scant cytoplasm ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodular_lymphocyte_predominant_Hodgkin_lymphoma

... antigens, cd40 MeSH D23.050.301.264.035.143 - antigens, cd43 MeSH D23.050.301.264.035.145 - antigens, cd45 MeSH D23.050.301.264 ... antigens, cd40 MeSH D23.101.100.110.143 - antigens, cd43 MeSH D23.101.100.110.145 - antigens, cd45 MeSH D23.101.100.110.146 - ... antigens, cd15 MeSH D23.101.100.900.131 - antigens, cd31 MeSH D23.101.100.920 - antigens, ly MeSH D23.101.100.930 - antigens, ... forssman antigen MeSH D23.050.285.018 - antigens, cd24 MeSH D23.050.285.025 - antigens, cd30 MeSH D23.050.285.040 - antigens, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D23)

It is only when the cell comes in contact with an antigen presenting cell that the larger CD45 is displaced due to the close ... Antigens that activate B cells with the help of T-cell are known as T cell-dependent (TD) antigens and include foreign proteins ... Antigens that activate B cells without T cell help are known as T cell-independent (TI) antigens and include foreign ... As with TD antigens, B cells activated by TI antigens need additional signals to complete activation, but instead of receiving ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_cell

Evidence for this model is given by the observation that in T cells, phosphatases CD45 and CD148 segregate from the T-cell ... Li HL, Davis W, Puré E (April 1999). "Suboptimal cross-linking of antigen receptor induces Syk-dependent activation of p70S6 ... Irles C, Symons A, Michel F, Bakker TR, van der Merwe PA, Acuto O (February 2003). "CD45 ectodomain controls interaction with ... May 2016). "Initiation of T cell signaling by CD45 segregation at 'close contacts'". Nature Immunology. 17 (5): 574-582. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-catalytic_tyrosine-phosphorylated_receptor

... small clusters of microglial cells with enhanced major histocompatibility complex class II antigen, CD45 and CD68 antigen ... December 2008). "Antigen microarrays identify unique serum autoantibody signatures in clinical and pathologic subtypes of ... "EBNA1-specific T cells from patients with multiple sclerosis cross react with myelin antigens and co-produce IFN-gamma and IL-2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesional_demyelinations_of_the_central_nervous_system

This process prevents the circulation of T cells that are self-reactive and recognise self antigen. Both galectin-1 and ... CD43 and CD45 are involved in apoptosis. Galectin-7 is expressed under the p53 promoter and may have a key role in regulating ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galectin

For example, when an antigen-presenting cell displays a peptide antigen on MHC class II proteins, a CD4+ cell will aid those ... Lck activation is controlled by the opposing actions of CD45 and Csk. CD45 activates Lck by dephosphorylating a tyrosine in its ... During an immune response, professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) endocytose antigens (typically bacteria or viruses), ... that a host antigen is foreign. As a result, the CD8+ T cells treat the host cell presenting that antigen as infected, and go ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_helper_cell

"Striking similarities between antigen receptor J pieces and sequence in the second chain of the murine CD8 antigen". Nature. ... Johnson helped to establish the function of CD45 as a critical protein tyrosine phosphatase in T cell activation and defined ... Johnson, P., Ostergaard, H. L., Wasden, C. & Trowbridge, I. S. (1992). "Mutational analysis of CD45, a leukocyte specific ... "CD45 regulates GM-CSF, retinoic acid and T cell homing in intestinal inflammation". Mucosal Immunology. 9 (6): 1514-1527. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauline_Johnson_(immunologist)

... +Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Mouse CD Antigen Chart Human CD Antigen ... Regulation by the CD45 tyrosine phosphatase". J. Immunol. 145 (8): 2448-54. PMID 1976695. Luzzati AL, Pugliese O, Giacomini E, ... The great majority of T cell lymphomas and leukaemias also express CD2, making it possible to use the presence of the antigen ... It has also been called T-cell surface antigen T11/Leu-5, LFA-2, LFA-3 receptor, erythrocyte receptor and rosette receptor. It ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD2

Her PhD supervisor was Eric Bell , the first to describe CD45 expression on memory T cells. After her PhD, she completed ... Marshall's work has investigated how mast cells are involved in the early immune response to infection and antigen. She is best ... One of which Depends on Persisting Antigen". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 185 (4): 767-776. doi:10.1084/jem.185.4.767 ... roles of mast cells and their ability to mobilize dendritic cells during the early immune response to infection or antigen. Her ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Marshall

Sialyl Lewis X is also one of the most important blood group antigens and is displayed on the terminus of glycolipids that are ... Immunohistochemical panels for the diagnosis of Hodgkins disease typically employ CD15 along with CD30 and CD45; the latter ... Sialyl Lewis x is also an inflammation-associated antigen on liver cells. It becomes over expressed on diseased liver cells and ... Sialyl LewisX (sLeX), also known as cluster of differentiation 15s (CD15s) or stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (SSEA-1), is a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialyl-Lewis_X

... +Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Human CD22 genome location and CD22 gene ... Greer SF, Justement LB (May 1999). "CD45 regulates tyrosine phosphorylation of CD22 and its association with the protein ... This happens when the BCR is cross-linked by the antigen. Phosphorylation is mediated by Lyn, a protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) ... A pathway for regulation of B lymphocyte antigen receptor-induced calcium flux". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (23 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD22

Greer SF, Justement LB (May 1999). "CD45 regulates tyrosine phosphorylation of CD22 and its association with the protein ... "SHP-1 requires inhibitory co-receptors to down-modulate B cell antigen receptor-mediated phosphorylation of cellular substrates ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTPN6

So if TCR exhibit high or inappropriate affinity for the self antigen expressed on mTEC, the thymocyte will be destroyed. mTEC ... TECs originate from non-hematopoietic cells that are characterized by negative expression of CD45 and positive expression of ... Aire mediates negative selection of auto-reactive T-cells and organ-specific antigens' expression on mTECs. The outcome of a ... Alexandropoulos, Konstantina; Danzl, Nichole M. (28 March 2012). "Thymic epithelial cells: antigen presenting cells that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymic_epithelial_cell

As detected by immunostaining methods, the malignant cells typically express molecular marker proteins such as CD45 (which is ... or one of the various tests for hepatitis C antigen. Extracavitary PEL is diagnosed based on findings that their mass lesions ... with PEL that is associated with cirrosis due to hepatitis evidence positive serum tests for the hepatitis virus B antigen ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_effusion_lymphoma

Whereas coronin 1 was required for chemokine-mediated migration, it was dispensable for T cell antigen receptor functions in T ... close genetic linkage between coronin-2 and CD45-associated protein". DNA Cell Biol. 17 (9): 779-87. doi:10.1089/dna.1998.17. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronin

The antigen-presenting cells (APC) expose on their surface a fraction of the antigen that is recognized either from CD8+T cells ... In general, CD45 acts to promote the active form of LCK by dephosphorylating a tyrosine (Y192) in its inhibitory C-terminal ... There is very little understanding of the role of CD45 isoforms, it is known that they are cell type-specific, and that they ... T cells are able to respond to pathogen and cancer using T-cell receptor, nevertheless, they can also react to self-antigen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lck

Wu L, Fu J, Shen SH (April 2002). "SKAP55 coupled with CD45 positively regulates T-cell receptor-mediated gene transcription". ... Kosco KA, Cerignoli F, Williams S, Abraham RT, Mustelin T (January 2008). "SKAP55 modulates T cell antigen receptor-induced ... Wu L, Fu J, Shen SH (April 2002). "SKAP55 coupled with CD45 positively regulates T-cell receptor-mediated gene transcription". ... the encoded protein plays a critical role in inside-out signaling by coupling T-cell antigen receptor stimulation to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SKAP1

The extracellular region contains a meprin-A5 antigen-PTP mu (MAM) domain, an Ig-like domain and four fibronectin type III-like ... in the case of CD45, PTPalpha, and PTPzeta/beta. The binding of different parts of the protein with itself (ex. by folding to ... RPTPmu and CD45". FEBS J. 275 (10): 2597-604. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06407.x. PMID 18422654. S2CID 199555986. Brady- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTPRM

The Reed-Sternberg cells are identified as large often bi-nucleated cells with prominent nucleoli and an unusual CD45-, CD30+, ... is not routinely used to treat Hodgkin lymphoma due to the lack of CD20 surface antigens in most cases. The use of rituximab in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodgkin_lymphoma

... an SLP-76-associated substrate of the T cell antigen receptor-stimulated protein tyrosine kinases". The Journal of Biological ... regulation of activation-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and recruitment of SLP-76 to Vav by distinct isoforms of the CD45 ... and Vav after B cell antigen receptor activation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (43): 27362-27368. doi:10.1074/jbc. ... regulation of activation-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and recruitment of SLP-76 to Vav by distinct isoforms of the CD45 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphocyte_cytosolic_protein_2

White Cell Differentiation Antigens: 654-55. Loken MR, Shah VO, Civin CI (1987). "Characterization of myeloid antigens on human ... Many markers belong to the cluster of differentiation series, like: CD34, CD38, CD90, CD133, CD105, CD45, and also c-kit - the ... hematopoietic cell surface antigen defined by a monoclonal antibody raised against KG-1a cells". Journal of Immunology. 133 (1 ... bone marrow using multicolour immunofluorescence". Leucocyte Typing III: White Cell Differentiation Antigens. pp. 630-35. " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Techniques_to_isolate_haematopoietic_stem_cells

Following this his group generated antibodies that identified rat CD8, a marker of cytotoxic T cells as well as rat CD45. His ... Thomas ML, Barclay AN, Gagnon J, Williams AF (1985). "Purification, chain separation and sequence of the MRC OX-8 antigen, a ... Thomas ML, Barclay AN, Gagnon J, Williams AF (1985). "Evidence from cDNA clones that the rat leukocyte-common antigen (T200) ... differentiation antigens of rat lymphocytes". Cell. 12 (3): 696-703. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(77)90266-5. PMID 303545. S2CID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Williams_(immunologist)

Ohagi S, Nishi M, Steiner DF (1991). "Sequence of a cDNA encoding human LRP (leukocyte common antigen-related peptide)". ... a possible substrate for CD45, in human hematopoietic cells". Am. J. Hematol. 54 (1): 1-11. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(199701) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTPRA

At the same time it has to ignore any self-antigen and tolerate harmless antigens such as food antigens. The signal ... Tonic TCR signalling is avoided by the presence of phosphatase CD45 that removes phosphorylation from tyrosine residues and ... The antigen sensitivity is higher in antigen-experienced T cells than in naive T cells. Naive T cells pass through the process ... T cells move on quickly from antigens that do not trigger responses, rapidly scanning pMHC on an antigen-presenting cell (APC) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-cell_receptor

CD45+ expressing cells are either selected or depleted by incubating your sample with the directly conjugated CD45 Nanobeads. ... Antigen Details Biology Area Cell Biology, Inhibitory Molecules, Neuroscience, Neuroscience Cell Markers Molecular Family CD ... CD45+ expressing cells are either selected or depleted by incubating your sample with the directly conjugated CD45 Nanobeads. ... Mouse CD45 Nanobeads. Cells were stained with CD45 (clone 30-F11) Alexa Fluor® 647. Dead cells were excluded by 7-AAD. * A ...

https://www.biolegend.com/fr-fr/products/mojosort-mouse-cd45-nanobeads-12355

... are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an ... Major immunophenotypic features of ALCL include CD30+, CD15-, PAX-5-, and CD45+. Sixty percent of cases express 1 or more T- ... Common leukocyte antigen has low expression in the systemic form and is variably expressed in PC-ALCL. ... The majority of ALK-positive ALCL is positive for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), whereas PC-ALCL typically lacks EMA. ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/208050-164679/how-is-anaplastic-large-cell-lymphoma-alcl-staged

Part of receptor-positive cells coexpressed CD45 (leukocyte common antigen; red), representing leukocytes. B) In vitro virus ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/17/11/11-0205-f2

Antigens, CD45 D8.811.277.352.650.625.700.150 D8.811.277.352.650.775.400.100.500. D12.644.360.587.100.500. D12.776.476.592. ...

https://decs.bvs.br/P/mnchg2008.htm

Most importantly, the hAECs expressed non-classical class Ib histocompatibility antigens HLA-G and HLA-E (Fig. 1b, c, ... 8). Human amniotic epithelial cells were negative for hematopoietic cell markers CD34, CD31, and CD45 (Fig. 1b). Our results ... human nuclear antigen (1:200; Lifespan Biosciences, Seattle, WA), and HIF1A (1:100, Abcam) used in combination as indicated in ... human nuclear antigen (1:200; Lifespan Biosciences), VEGF (1:200; Abcam), Laminin (1:30; Sigma-Aldrich), and Collagen IV (1:30 ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12472-3?elqTrackId=8917055576d14dc2bb6fe07751d28408&elq=f2c6130401b5441daa8349c2a3dc6686&elqaid=26276&elqat=1&elqCampaignId=10602&error=cookies_not_supported&code=320b80ed-e89e-4d58-b8c6-2b31882d1caf

These cells were positive for blood DC antigen-1 (BDCA-1; also known as CD1c), HLA-DR, and CD45, markers that are also ... Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous group of antigen-presenting leukocytes that are important in activation of both the ... We have previously identified CD11c(+)-blood dendritic cell antigen (BDCA)-1(+) cells as the main resident dermal DC population ... DCs are globally defined by their capacity for potent antigen presentation and naive T-cell activation. In noninflamed human ...

https://profiles.stanford.edu/lisa-zaba?tab=publications

... expression of specific surface antigens (CD73+, CD90+, CD105+, CD34-, CD45-, CD11b-, CD14-, CD19-, CD79a, HLA-DR-); and (3) ... Antigen-presenting cell; T-reg: Regulatory T lymphocytes; macr: Macrophage; M1-M2 macr. shift: Macrophage shift from M1 pro- ... are characterized by chronic recurrent intestinal inflammatory episodes and an exaggerated immune response to luminal antigens ...

https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v22/i41/9057.htm?s=qc

A, CD45 (leukocyte common antigen) shows scattered lymphocytes in the intravascular (arrowhead) and perivascular (arrow) areas ...

http://www.ajnr.org/content/30/3/588/tab-figures-data

Antigen description CD45 (LCA, leukocyte common antigen) is a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase ubiquitously expressed ... Exbio - Research products - Antibodies - CD and related antigens - Anti-Hu CD45 PerCP-Cy™5.5 ... CD45 glycoprotein is crucial in lymphocyte development and antigen signaling, serving as an important regulator of Src-family ... The mouse monoclonal antibody HI30 recognizes an extracellular epitope on all isoforms of human CD45 antigen (Leukocyte Common ...

https://www.exbio.cz/research-product/antibodies/cd-and-related-antigens/anti-hu-cd45-percp-cy-5-5

Expression of leukocyte common antigen (CD45) on various human leukemia/lymphoma cell lines ... A, Representative FACS plots showing sorted macrophages (7-AAD−, CD326−, CD45+, CD15+, CD33+, HLA-DR+, CD1c−, MerTK+, CD14+, ... A, Representative FACS plots showing sorted macrophages (7-AAD−, CD326−, CD45+, CD15+, CD33+, HLA-DR+, CD1c−, MerTK+, CD14+, ... The macrophages were sorted as CD45+CD15+CD33+HLA-DR+MerTK+CD14+CD64+CD326−CD1c− cells. ...

https://aacrjournals.org/cancerres/article/80/20/4414/645822/Spatial-Density-and-Distribution-of-Tumor

B: Positive immunofluorescence staining for human CD45, CD20, CD4, CD8 and CD56 antigens performed in isolated peripheral blood ... the activation of antigen presenting cells (APC) and subsequent antigen presentation in the draining lymph nodes is necessary ... a: Immunofluorescence analysis of HPV16-E6 and CD45 expression on semen round cells. b: Immunofluorescence assessment of HPV16- ... In conclusion, this is the first study reporting the presence of HPV-antigens together with HPV-DNA in circulating PBMC from ...

https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2334-13-593

1B). Furthermore, western blotting analysis showed the presence of antigens, including CXCR4, CD44 and CD45, on MPDGP ... MSCs of passage 5 were detected by FACS for MSC surface antigens CD29 (eBioscience, 17-0291-80), CD44 (eBioscience, 12-0441-81 ... and CD45 (Fig. S3). The coating with mBMSC membrane formed a surrounding layer on the PDGP (MPDGP), as shown by TEM analysis, ... hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial cell markers CD45 (BD Pharmingen, 550994), CD31 (BD Pharmingen, 553372), CD34 (BD ...

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1046275/v1

CD45 belongs to a leukocyte common antigen (LCA antibody) family of glycoproteins with molecular weights of 180, 190, 205 and ... The PD7/26/16 and 2B11 antibody clones have been designated as CD45. CD45 belongs to a leukocyte common antigen (LCA antibody) ... CD45 recognizes an antigen found on lymphoid cells. Studies have shown that most neoplastic B-cells and T-cells stain ... Be the first to review "Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA) Cocktail" Cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a review. ...

https://biocare.net/product/lca-antibody/

Antigen References 1. Barclay A, et al. 1997. The Leukocyte Antigen Facts Book Academic Press.. 2. Springer TA. 1994. Cell 76: ... For mouse samples, the surface markers are CD45 and H-2 MHC class I. The conjugates are already pre-mixed and ready to use. ... Antigen Details Structure Integrin α-chain, associates with integrin β2 (CD18), 150 kD Distribution Dendritic cells, NK cells, ... Instead of select antigen-specific antibodies, the hashtags are designed so that they are specific for human or mouse cells, ...

https://www.biolegend.com/fr-fr/products/totalseq-a0106-anti-mouse-cd11c-antibody-16486

mAbs against CD105, CD90, CD105, CD73, CD45, CD34, and human leukocyte antigen-DR were obtained from BD Biosciences, India. ... Antigen-coated ELISA plates were covered with adhesive plastic and incubated at 4°C overnight. After discarding the coating ... The presence of antigen was detected by the addition of TMB (3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine) substrate. Color development was ... as these surface antigens mark progenitor stem cells in the SVF that have characteristics of cardiomyocytes. Therefore, this ...

https://www.dovepress.com/fluorescent-magnetic-iron-oxide-nanoparticles-for-cardiac-precursor-ce-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJN

Fluorochrome-coupled antibodies specific for human antigens CD45, CD4, CD8, CD127, CD62L, cytotoxic T-cell antigen-4 (CTLA-4) ( ... 3C), and were surrounded but not infiltrated by a small number of CD45+, CD4+, and CD8+ human leukocytes (Fig. 3C). The number ... 8B). The surviving grafts in these mice were surrounded but not infiltrated by human CD45+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells (Fig. 8B). The ... 6B). Furthermore, the proportion of graft-infiltrating human CD45+, CD4+, and CD4+CD25− but not CD8+ cells was significantly ...

https://diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/61/5/1180/33802/Adoptive-Transfer-With-In-Vitro-Expanded-Human

CD45:. Cluster of differentiation 45, lymphocyte common antigen. DAPI:. Diamidino-2-phenylindole ... A Percentage of M1 (CD45 + /HLA-DR +) and M2 (CD45 + /CD206 +) macrophages in human sural nerve biopsies from 37 and 84yrs old ... B mRNA expression of LXRs target genes in the sorted CD45 + CD11B + cells from the SN of 6-month-old and 24-month-old mice (n ... Cholesterol content in sorted CD45 + /CD11B + cells (n = 6-8/group) or in serum of mice (n = 6/group) was assessed using the ...

https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12974-022-02423-z

The integrin CD11b (also known as complement receptor type 3, macrophage antigen-1 and αMβ2), which is primarily expressed on ... cells expressing both CD45 and vimentin) in the perivascular areas of remodelled small pulmonary arteries in the PAH lungs of ... To prove this hypothesis, additional studies on the expression of adhesion molecules, such as very late antigen-4, CC chemokine ... and CD45 (BD Pharmingen). Fibrocytes from duplicate wells defined as double-positive, adherent, spindle-shaped cells with an ...

https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/39/1/210

... unique secreted adenovirus E3 protein binds to the leukocyte common antigen CD45 and modulates leukocyte functions. Proc. Natl ... Tissue Antigens 2000: 240-247 (56). I am interested in this work. ...

https://www.ifado.de/immunology/staff/carsten-watzl/

Histology of a biopsy specimen is shown in Figure D. Immunohistochemistry stains are positive for CD20 and CD45. What is the ... that are CD20 and CD45 positive on immunohistochemical stains. ...

https://www.orthobullets.com/pathology/8025/lymphoma?qid=210246

Antigen/buffer. Clone. Fluorochrome. Volume (µL). CD45. REA747. VioBlue. 2. CD3. REA613. FITC. 2. ... A) Of all viable leukocytes ,99% were CD4+ or CD8+ (based on CD45 expression, 7-AAD fluorescence, and scatter signal). (B) More ... Antigen-expressing target cells must be chosen upon the respective CAR construct utilized for the viral transduction (e.g. co- ... GFP+ target cell line that expresses the specific antigen (e.g. CD19+ JeKo-1 B cell lymphoma target cell line) and control cell ...

https://www.miltenyibiotec.com/FI-en/applications/all-protocols/engineering-of-car-t-cells-for-research-use.html

Hirose et al, [8] found a large increase in CD45 (+) cells in the cochlea after noise exposure. Shi and Nuttall [9] reported ... Miyao et al, [11] also reported stronger immune response to antigen after acoustic trauma. It is possible that the inflammatory ... Acoustic trauma augments the cochlear immune response to antigen. Laryngoscope 2008;118:1801-8. ... especially CD45 within days and F4/80-positive cells over the course of a week. ...

https://www.noiseandhealth.org/printarticle.asp?issn=1463-1741

In a murine experiment, anti-CD45 RIT successfully replaced TBI (59); additionally, a CD45-targeted antibody-radionuclide ... More importantly, recent data shows that CD4+ T cells expressing an HIV-specific chimeric antigen receptor can directly control ... Phase I Study of a CD45-Targeted Antibody-Radionuclide Conjugate for High-Risk Lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res (2019) 25(23):6932-8. ... Anti-CD45 Radioimmunotherapy Without TBI Before Transplantation Facilitates Persistent Haploidentical Donor Engraftment. Blood ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.688747/full

To date, it is clear that certain anti-human CD1b, CD14, CD18, CD44, CD45, CD47, CD49c, CD61, CD68, CD91, CD95, CD163 and ... Technical Abstract: The latest human lekocyte differentiation antigen (HLDA8) workshop included an Animal Homologues section. ... mw of antigen, and, if available, reaction with cloned swine gene product. ...

https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=169103

OA synovial membrane-derived cells were negative for CD34 and CD45 antigens. Nearly 95% of OA synovial membrane cells were ... antigens. c. Cells expressing CD44 antigen, but not CD105. d. Cells expressing CD90 antigen, but not CD105 antigen. Bars a-d ... The level of coexpression of the CD44 antigen with the CD90 antigen (Figure 4A) was moderate in healthy synovial membranes, ... Expression of the CD105 antigen showed a low level of association with expression of the CD73 antigen (9.9% ± 7.5% in healthy ...

https://www.jrheum.org/content/38/2/339

The dimeric antigen receptors have antibody-like properties as they bind specifically to a target antigen. The dimeric antigen ... The two polypeptide chains that make up the dimeric antigen receptors can dimerize to form an antigen binding domain. ... constructs that bind a BCMA target antigen, where the DAR construct comprises a heavy chain binding region on one polypeptide ... The present disclosure provides dimeric antigen receptors (DAR) ... is a graph showing the number of CD45-positive cells detected ...

https://patents.justia.com/patent/20220251168

In contrast, very little expression of the haematopoietic lineage markers HLA-DR and CD45 was detected in huMSCs. c Oil red O ... b Cell surface antigens were detected at passage 4 using flow cytometry. huMSCs were positive for CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, and ... Passage 3-5 cells were used to detect the levels of the surface antigens cluster of differentiation (CD) 29, CD44, CD73, CD90, ... and negative for CD45 and HLA-DR (Fig. 1b). The huMSCs were capable of adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation ...

https://stemcellres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13287-021-02217-9

There are different isoforms of CD45 that arise from vari ... kD glycoprotein also known as the leukocyte common antigen (LCA ... CD45 is a 180-240 kD glycoprotein also known as the leukocyte common antigen (LCA), T200, or Ly-5. It is a member of the ... Antigen References 1. Barclay A, et al. 1997. The Leukocyte Antigen FactsBook Academic Press.. 2. Trowbridge IS, et al. 1993. ... Antigen Details Structure Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, 180-240 kD Distribution All hematopoietic cells except ...

https://production-dynamicweb.biolegend.com/en-gb/products/apc-fire-810-anti-mouse-cd45-antibody-19546

... the co-expression of CD45 and CTLA-4 antigens was evaluated using the anti-human CD45 and anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal Abs by ... Moreover, to assess the contribution of CD45+ cells and tumor cells in the CTLA-4 expression, the percentage of CD45+CTLA-4+ ... Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4 or CD152) exerts inhibitory activity on T cells, and since its oncogenic role in the ... C) The percentage of CTLA-4+CD45+cells was evaluated in B2, B3 and AB samples according to the double fluorescence intensity by ...

https://www.oncotarget.com/article/24645/text/

CD45, CD80, OX40, GITR and LAMP1 (Figure 5A, and supplement excel file 1). However, a few proteins not enriched in SE by ... 1989) Antigen-specific helper function of cell-free T cell products bearing TCR V beta 8 determinants Science 244:1477-1480. ... 2017) CD40L is transferred to antigen-presenting B cells during delivery of T-cell help European Journal of Immunology 47:41-50 ... described soluble antigen-specific and MHC-restricted factors that delivered T cell help. Whilst Guy et al suggested a ...

https://elifesciences.org/articles/47528

A , CD45 (leukocyte common antigen) shows scattered lymphocytes in the intravascular ( arrowhead ) and perivascular ( arrow ) areas. (ajnr.org)
The mouse monoclonal antibody HI30 recognizes an extracellular epitope on all isoforms of human CD45 antigen (Leukocyte Common Antigen), a 180-220 kDa single chain type I transmembrane protein expressed at high level on all cells of hematopoietic origin, except erythrocytes and platelets. (exbio.cz)
CD45 (LCA, leukocyte common antigen) is a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase ubiquitously expressed in all nucleated hematopoietic cells, comprising approximately 10% of all surface proteins in lymphocytes. (exbio.cz)
CD45 belongs to a leukocyte common antigen (LCA antibody) family of glycoproteins with molecular weights of 180, 190, 205 and 220 kDa. (biocare.net)
Immunostaining for leukocyte common antigen using an Amplified avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method and paraffin sections. (biocare.net)
Leukocyte common antigen-a diagnostic discriminant between hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic neoplasms in paraffin sections using monoclonal antibodies: correlation with immunologic studies and ultrastructural localization. (biocare.net)
CD45 is a 180-240 kD glycoprotein also known as the leukocyte common antigen (LCA), T200, or Ly-5. (biolegend.com)
1997. The Leukocyte Antigen FactsBook Academic Press. (biolegend.com)
Cellular inflammation was quantified by flow-cytometric evaluation of retinal tissue using the myeloid marker CD11b and leukocyte common antigen CD45 to differentiate and quantify CD11b + /CD45 low microglia, CD11b + /CD45 hi myeloid leukocytes and CD11b neg /CD45 hi lymphocytes. (elsevier.com)
Surprisingly, EBV was also detected in synovial lining cells lacking the leukocyte common antigen, CD45. (biomedcentral.com)
The antibody is directed against the leukocyte common antigen (L-CA), present on all leukocytes but not erythroid cells or cells from other tissues. (ximbio.com)
This was not the case in the rat, in which Don Mason and colleagues at Oxford had demonstrated two major subsets of CD4 + lymphocytes that could be discriminated based on their expression of isoforms of CD45, the common leukocyte Ag ( 1 , 2 ). (aai.org)
Structural study of the sugar chains of human leukocyte common antigen CD45. (unicarbkb.org)

They express a variety of mesenchymal markers, including collagen-1, collagen-3, vimentin, haematopoietic markers, such as CD11b and CD45, and the stem cell marker CD34 [ 6 ]. (ersjournals.com)
FACS analysis showed that more than 90% of OA synovial membrane-derived cells were positive for CD44, CD73, and CD90, and negative for CD34 and CD45. (jrheum.org)
CD14, CD34, CD45 MSC) 5 . (jrheum.org)
Double immunohistochemistry indicated that all cells expressing CD34, CD45, CCR7, CXCR4, CCL21 and CXCL12 co-expressed α-SMA. (bmj.com)
Precursors of colony-forming cells in humans can be distinguished from colony-forming cells by expression of the CD33 and CD34 antigens and light scattering properties. (bdbiosciences.com)
RESULTADOS: a análise por citometria de fluxo confirmou as características de CT mesenquimais, com baixos níveis de expressão dos antígenos CD34 e CD45, que são marcadores de células hematopoiéticas, e altos níveis de expressão dos antígenos CD105, CD166, CD90 e CD73, que são marcadores de CT mesenquimais. (fiocruz.br)
RESULTS: Analysis by flow cytometry confirmed the characteristics of mesenchymal SCs with low expression of CD34 and CD45 antigens, which are markers for hematopoietic cells, and high levels of expression of CD105, CD166, CD90 and CD73 antigens, which are markers for mesenchymal SCs. (fiocruz.br)

Immune cells expressing CD45 and CD11B enter the PNS from circulation and help to maintain the integrity of the nerve, in diseases models, they were shown to play a role in both regeneration and degeneration [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Myelin depletion and CD11b enrichment are both accomplished using antigen-specific magnetic beads in an automated cell separation system. (nebraska.edu)
Flow cytometry of the resultant suspensions shows a significant enrichment for CD11b(+)/CD45(+) cells (perivascular microglia) and CD11b(+)/CD45(-) cells (parenchymal microglia) compared to starting suspensions. (nebraska.edu)

ALCL was recognized in 1985, when tumor cells consistently demonstrated labeling by the monoclonal antibody Ki-1, a marker later shown to recognize the CD30 antigen. (medscape.com)
The PD7/26/16 and 2B11 antibody clones have been designated as CD45. (biocare.net)
The dimeric antigen receptors have antibody-like properties as they bind specifically to a target antigen. (justia.com)
Antigen receptors comprising both an antibody heavy chain binding region and an antibody light chain binding region in separate polypeptide chains and their use in directed cell therapy are disclosed herein in an effort to meet this need and/or provide other benefits, or at least provide the public with a useful choice. (justia.com)
A hematopoietic progenitor cell surface antigen defined by a monoclonal antibody raised against KG-1a cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Secondary B-cell lymphopoiesis is an antigen-dependent process that occurs in the germinal centers of peripheral lymphoid organs with specific antibody production. (medscape.com)
The position of bands on the nitrocellulose strips allows this antibody reactivity to be associated with specific viral antigens. (cdc.gov)

Cell purity was evaluated with flow cytometry using propidium iodide and CD45/CD19 antigens. (biomedcentral.com)

CD45 glycoprotein is crucial in lymphocyte development and antigen signaling, serving as an important regulator of Src-family kinases. (exbio.cz)
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4 or CD152) exerts inhibitory activity on T cells, and since its oncogenic role in the progression of different types of tumors, it has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in cancer patients. (oncotarget.com)
With CD45 gating, the relative numbers of beads and lymphocyte subsets are enumerated, and their absolute numbers and percentage values are calculated. (cdc.gov)

Lymphodepletion using CD45 antibodies prior to CTL infusion is being evaluated in patients with relapsed nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Hodgkin's disease. (texaschildrens.org)
In RA, levels of serum antibodies to various EBV antigens are elevated, and yet there may be a concomitant drop in T cell immunity to EBV in peripheral blood. (biomedcentral.com)
Further evidence for active EBV infection in RA patients was provided by the observation that serum levels of antibodies reactive with EBV antigens were elevated compared to those from OA patients or healthy controls. (biomedcentral.com)

Cosenza-Nashat MA, Kim MO, Zhao ML, Suh HS, Lee SC: CD45 isoform expression in microglia and inflammatory cells in HIV-1 encephalitis. (exbio.cz)
Stress inhibited the expression of MHC class I by microglia and other brain-derived antigen presenting cells (CD45 hi ) independent of either the glucocorticoid receptor or the NMDA receptor, suggesting that stress-induced suppression of MHC class I expression in the brain does not affect survival during HSE. (umn.edu)

More recently, they have developed interests in the possibility of generating antigen-specific T regulatory cells for the treatment of autoimmune disease. (texaschildrens.org)

The patient's serum prostate-specific antigen was 0.82 ng/ml. (indianjurol.com)

Their first trial of EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) for prophylaxis and treatment of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disease after stem cell transplantation (SCT) demonstrated the safety and efficacy of antigen-specific T cells for therapy of cancer. (texaschildrens.org)

A cytological analysis with May Grunwald-Giemsa staining suggested these cells to be of myeloid origin and subsequent cytochemical analysis confirmed the population to be CD45-positive leukocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
Damage to the nerve changes resident immune system that may be quantitative-loss of CD45 + leukocytes or increased infiltration of CD45 + leukocytes during inflammation-, or qualitative-change of macrophage phenotype [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
By confocal microscopy analysis we identified the expression of CTLA-4 both in tumor cells and in CD45 + tumor-infiltrating leukocytes, mainly in B3 and AB thymomas. (oncotarget.com)
CD45 is expressed on all leukocytes in canine peripheral blood and may be against the CD45R isoforms.CD45R is expressed on subsets of leukocytes (neutrophils are weak) in canine blood of all out bred mongrels and beagles tested. (raybiotech.com)

Sixty percent of cases express 1 or more T-cell antigens (CD3 + , CD43, or CD45RO). (medscape.com)

More numerous MSC markers in OA synovial membranes were observed in cells also expressing the CD90 antigen. (jrheum.org)
Synovial membranes from patients with OA contain more cells positive for CD44, CD90, and CD105 antigens than those from joints with undamaged cartilage. (jrheum.org)
CD90/Thy1 & CD45 in human mesenchymal stem cells. (rndsystems.com)

Cells were stained with CD45 (clone 30-F11) Alexa Fluor® 647. (biolegend.com)
C57BL/6 splenocytes were stained with CD45 (clone 30-F11) APC/Fire™ 810 (filled histogram) or unstained control (open histogram). (biolegend.com)
Clone 30-F11 reacts with all isoforms and both CD45.1 and CD45.2 alloantigens of CD45. (biolegend.com)

Diagnosis is made with biopsy showing mixed small round blue cell infiltrate (different sizes and shapes) that are CD20 and CD45 positive on immunohistochemical stains. (orthobullets.com)

Cell surface expression of the λ light chain, surface IgD, CD9, and CD40 antigens was detected in some but not all chimeras. (elsevier.com)

Each clinicopathologic subtype can be further classified with respect to morphology, immunophenotype, and antigen markers. (medscape.com)
Synovial membrane-derived cells were phenotypically characterized for differentiation experiments using flow cytometry to detect the expression of mesenchymal markers (CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD117, CD166, and STRO-1) and hematopoietic markers (CD34 and CD45). (jrheum.org)
Dimmer markers, like FITC, can adequately be used to detect bright antigens like CD45 or CD3. (cheekyscientist.com)

The latest human lekocyte differentiation antigen (HLDA8) workshop included an Animal Homologues section. (usda.gov)
Leucocyte Typing IV: White Cell Differentiation Antigens. (bdbiosciences.com)

Combinations of CD45 isoforms are crucial for immune function and disease. (exbio.cz)

They have developed ways to tailor CTL specificity to the tumor antigens expressed in a particular disease. (texaschildrens.org)

Flow cytometry analysis (surface staining) of human peripheral blood cells with anti-human CD45 (HI30) PerCP-Cy™5.5. (exbio.cz)

TCR CAR-T cells against various tumor antigens have been developed (Ma et al. (justia.com)

A single cell suspension from collagenase enzymatically digested C57BL/6 mouse lung tissues was prepared to isolate CD45 + cells using the MojoSort™ Mouse CD45 Nanobeads. (biolegend.com)
CD45 + expressing cells are either selected or depleted by incubating your sample with the directly conjugated CD45 Nanobeads. (biolegend.com)
10 µl Mouse CD45 Nanobeads in 1x10 7 cells in 100 µl of buffer. (biolegend.com)
This kit is designed for the positive selection or depletion of CD45 + cells from lymphoid or different organ tissues. (biolegend.com)
For depletion of CD45 + cells a higher volume of beads (up to 15 µl) and two separations may be required. (biolegend.com)
Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an activation marker for B or T cells). (medscape.com)
Bijian K, Zhang L, Shen SH: Collagen-mediated survival signaling is modulated by CD45 in Jurkat T cells. (exbio.cz)
CD45 recognizes an antigen found on lymphoid cells. (biocare.net)
Hirose et al, [8] found a large increase in CD45 (+) cells in the cochlea after noise exposure. (noiseandhealth.org)
80 of the mAb proved to be + on pig cells and are now being analyzed in more depth by confirming appropriate tissue and cell subset expression, effect of activation on expression, mw of antigen, and, if available, reaction with cloned swine gene product. (usda.gov)
The present disclosure provides dimeric antigen receptors (DAR) protein constructs that bind specifically to a target antigen, nucleic acids that encode the dimeric antigen receptors, vectors comprising the nucleic acids, and host cells harboring the vectors. (justia.com)
Adoptive immunotherapy by infusion of T cells engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) for redirected tumoricidal activity represents a potentially highly specific modality for the treatment of metastatic cancer. (justia.com)
CD40L is transferred to antigen presenting cells in vitro ( Gardell and Parker, 2017 ). (elifesciences.org)
We found that T cells expressing antigen are potent inducers of T regs, which may be exploited for the induction of T cells. (texaschildrens.org)
Cytotoxic T cells reactive to EBV antigens are commonly found in RA joints, but also in inflamed tissue from non-RA patients. (biomedcentral.com)
It remains unclear whether recruitment of activated T cells to joints is antigen-specific. (biomedcentral.com)
Blockade of the NMDA receptor, however, diminished HSV-1-induced increases in class I expression by CD45 hi cells, suggesting that blockade of the NMDA receptor may limit CNS inflammation. (umn.edu)
From the initial double-negative phenotype for CD4 and CD8, they progressively mature into double-positive type with co-expression of the antigens and become stage II thymocyte or double-positive T cells. (amegroups.com)

The present disclosure provides dimeric antigen receptors (DAR) constructs that bind a BCMA target antigen, where the DAR construct comprises a heavy chain binding region on one polypeptide chain and a light chain binding region on a separate polypeptide chain. (justia.com)
The two polypeptide chains that make up the dimeric antigen receptors can dimerize to form an antigen binding domain. (justia.com)
The dimeric antigen receptors can be used for directed cell therapy. (justia.com)
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have been developed to target antigens associated, in particular, with cancer. (justia.com)

Circulating fibrocytes display many functional properties, such as phagocytosis, antigen presentation, cytokine and connective tissue matrix production, and the capacity to proliferate and differentiate. (ersjournals.com)

For example, LMP2 antigen-specific CTL are now being used to treat EBV-positive Hodgkin tumors in which EBV gene expression pattern is highly restricted. (texaschildrens.org)

Pure T-cell deficiencies are caused by defects in either a CD3 subunit (such as CD3 δ, CD3 ζ, CD3 ε ) or in CD45 tyrosine phosphatase, key proteins involved in pre-TCR and/or TCR signaling at the positive selection stage. (medscape.com)

Disease associations and altered immune function in CD45 138G variant carriers. (cdc.gov)

Tissue antigens 2008 May 71 (5): 458-63. (cdc.gov)
Tissue section of human prostate containing adenocarcinoma that has been immunostained for the cell-surface antigen CD45. (ucsd.edu)

Besides the role in immunoreceptor signaling, CD45 is important in promoting cell survival by modulating integrin-mediated signal transduction pathway and is also involved in DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. (exbio.cz)
Secondary T-cell lymphopoiesis is also antigen-dependent and occurs in the thymus. (medscape.com)

The combination of electrophoretic separation of complex mixtures of antigens with the highly sensitive immunoblotting technique has been useful in characterizing the antigenic profile of HIV-1 and describing the immune response to this virus in exposed or infected persons. (cdc.gov)

Both intermediate progenitors continue their development in the bone marrow through primary lymphopoiesis, which is an antigen-independent process. (medscape.com)

Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: Overview, Subtypes of ALCL, Genetic-Molecular Characteristics and Their Effects (medscape.com)

Leukemia Cutis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination (emedicine.medscape.com)

Insulin-producing organoids engineered from islet and amniotic epithelial cells to treat diabetes | Nature Communications (nature.com)

PE anti-mouse CD45 Antibody anti-CD45 - 30-F11 (biolegend.com)

Clinical significance of circulating tumor cell related markers in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer before and after... (nature.com)

Lisa Zaba, MD, PhD's Profile | Stanford Profiles (profiles.stanford.edu)

Anatomy28

Organisms9

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs159

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Phenomena and Processes29

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care3

Adenoviral gene transfer into the normal and injured spinal cord: enhanced transgene stability by combined administration of temperature-sensitive virus and transient immune blockade. (1/2721)

Oval cell numbers in human chronic liver diseases are directly related to disease severity. (2/2721)

Peripheral autoantigen induces regulatory T cells that prevent autoimmunity. (3/2721)

Selective recruitment of CCR4-bearing Th2 cells toward antigen-presenting cells by the CC chemokines thymus and activation-regulated chemokine and macrophage-derived chemokine. (4/2721)

CD45 can act as a negative regulator for the transition from early to late CD4+ CD8+ thymocytes. (5/2721)

Early ontogeny of monocytes and macrophages in the pig. (6/2721)

Phosphorylation of CD45 by casein kinase 2. Modulation of activity and mutational analysis. (7/2721)

Differential effects of manipulating signaling in early T cell development in intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes and thymocytes. (8/2721)

Antigens

Antigens, CD

Antigens, CD8

Antigens, Neoplasm

Antigens, CD3

Antigens, Surface

Antigens, Bacterial

Antigens, CD38

Antigens, CD34

Antigens, CD19

Antigens, CD40

CD40 Ligand

Antigens, CD20

Antigens, Viral

Antigens, CD28

Antigens, CD44

Antigens, CD7

Antigens, CD14

Antigens, CD2

CD4-CD8 Ratio

Antigens, CD5

Antigens, Differentiation

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Antigens, CD1

Antibodies, Monoclonal

Antigens, CD56

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase

Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic

Antigens, CD80

Antigens, CD53

Antigens, CD24

Antigens, CD13

Antigens, Protozoan

T-Lymphocytes

Antigens, CD86

Flow Cytometry

B-Lymphocytes

Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming

Antigens, CD95

HLA Antigens

Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte

Antigens, CD45

Immunophenotyping

NAD+ Nucleosidase

Antigens, Fungal

Molecular Sequence Data

H-2 Antigens

Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3

Antigens, Helminth

Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell

Antigens, CD18

Lymphocyte Activation

Antigens, CD30

Membrane Glycoproteins

CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Epitopes

Antigens, CD9

Carcinoembryonic Antigen

HLA-DR Antigens

Antigens, CD15

Antigens, Viral, Tumor

Cell Line

Antigens, CD43

Antigens, CD36

Amino Acid Sequence

Antigens, CD11

Histocompatibility Antigens Class II

Histocompatibility Antigens

Antigens, CD59

Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell

Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen

Antigens, CD57

Antigens, CD70

Antigens, CD46

Lectins, C-Type

Antigens, CD58

Antigens, CD4

Antigens, CD47

Antigens, CD11b