Antigens cd19. Medical search

Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.

Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.

Differentiation antigens found on thymocytes and on cytotoxic and suppressor T-lymphocytes. CD8 antigens are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are associative recognition elements in MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) Class I-restricted interactions.

Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.

Complex of at least five membrane-bound polypeptides in mature T-lymphocytes that are non-covalently associated with one another and with the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL). The CD3 complex includes the gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, and eta chains (subunits). When antigen binds to the T-cell receptor, the CD3 complex transduces the activating signals to the cytoplasm of the T-cell. The CD3 gamma and delta chains (subunits) are separate from and not related to the gamma/delta chains of the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA).

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

A bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis and HYDROLYSIS of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from NAD+ to ADP-RIBOSE. It is a cell surface molecule which is predominantly expressed on LYMPHOID CELLS and MYELOID CELLS.

Glycoproteins found on immature hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. They are the only molecules to date whose expression within the blood system is restricted to a small number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow.

Differentiation antigens expressed on B-lymphocytes and B-cell precursors. They are involved in regulation of B-cell proliferation.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily with specificity for CD40 LIGAND. It is found on mature B-LYMPHOCYTES and some EPITHELIAL CELLS, lymphoid DENDRITIC CELLS. Evidence suggests that CD40-dependent activation of B-cells is important for generation of memory B-cells within the germinal centers. Mutations of the gene for CD40 antigen result in HYPER-IGM IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, TYPE 3. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

A membrane glycoprotein and differentiation antigen expressed on the surface of T-cells that binds to CD40 ANTIGENS on B-LYMPHOCYTES and induces their proliferation. Mutation of the gene for CD40 ligand is a cause of HYPER-IGM IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, TYPE 1.

Unglycosylated phosphoproteins expressed only on B-cells. They are regulators of transmembrane Ca2+ conductance and thought to play a role in B-cell activation and proliferation.

Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.

Costimulatory T-LYMPHOCYTE receptors that have specificity for CD80 ANTIGEN and CD86 ANTIGEN. Activation of this receptor results in increased T-cell proliferation, cytokine production and promotion of T-cell survival.

Acidic sulfated integral membrane glycoproteins expressed in several alternatively spliced and variable glycosylated forms on a wide variety of cell types including mature T-cells, B-cells, medullary thymocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, erythrocytes, and fibroblasts. CD44 antigens are the principle cell surface receptors for hyaluronate and this interaction mediates binding of lymphocytes to high endothelial venules. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)

Differentiation antigens expressed on pluripotential hematopoietic cells, most human thymocytes, and a major subset of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. They have been implicated in integrin-mediated cellular adhesion and as signalling receptors on T-cells.

Glycolipid-anchored membrane glycoproteins expressed on cells of the myelomonocyte lineage including monocytes, macrophages, and some granulocytes. They function as receptors for the complex of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS-binding protein.

Glycoprotein members of the immunoglobulin superfamily which participate in T-cell adhesion and activation. They are expressed on most peripheral T-lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and thymocytes, and function as co-receptors or accessory molecules in the T-cell receptor complex.

Ratio of T-LYMPHOCYTES that express the CD4 ANTIGEN to those that express the CD8 ANTIGEN. This value is commonly assessed in the diagnosis and staging of diseases affecting the IMMUNE SYSTEM including HIV INFECTIONS.

Glycoproteins expressed on all mature T-cells, thymocytes, and a subset of mature B-cells. Antibodies specific for CD5 can enhance T-cell receptor-mediated T-cell activation. The B-cell-specific molecule CD72 is a natural ligand for CD5. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)

Antigens expressed primarily on the membranes of living cells during sequential stages of maturation and differentiation. As immunologic markers they have high organ and tissue specificity and are useful as probes in studies of normal cell development as well as neoplastic transformation.

A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.

Glycoproteins expressed on cortical thymocytes and on some dendritic cells and B-cells. Their structure is similar to that of MHC Class I and their function has been postulated as similar also. CD1 antigens are highly specific markers for human LANGERHANS CELLS.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

The 140 kDa isoform of NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule) containing a transmembrane domain and short cytoplasmic tail. It is expressed by all lymphocytes mediating non-MHC restricted cytotoxicity and is present on some neural tissues and tumors.

Antigens expressed on the cell membrane of T-lymphocytes during differentiation, activation, and normal and neoplastic transformation. Their phenotypic characterization is important in differential diagnosis and studies of thymic ontogeny and T-cell function.

A membrane-bound or cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). This enzyme generally catalyzes the hydrolysis of cADPR to ADP-RIBOSE, as well, and sometimes the synthesis of cyclic ADP-ribose 2' phosphate (2'-P-cADPR) from NADP.

Surface antigens expressed on myeloid cells of the granulocyte-monocyte-histiocyte series during differentiation. Analysis of their reactivity in normal and malignant myelomonocytic cells is useful in identifying and classifying human leukemias and lymphomas.

A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CD28 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD80 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a costimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

Tetraspanin proteins found at high levels in cells of the lymphoid-myeloid lineage. CD53 antigens may be involved regulating the differentiation of T-LYMPHOCYTES and the activation of B-LYMPHOCYTES.

A cell adhesion protein that was originally identified as a heat stable antigen in mice. It is involved in METASTASIS and is highly expressed in many NEOPLASMS.

Zinc-binding metalloproteases that are members of the type II integral membrane metalloproteases. They are expressed by GRANULOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and their precursors as well as by various non-hematopoietic cells. They release an N-terminal amino acid from a peptide, amide or arylamide.

Any part or derivative of any protozoan that elicits immunity; malaria (Plasmodium) and trypanosome antigens are presently the most frequently encountered.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CD28 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD86 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a stimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.

Polyomavirus antigens which cause infection and cellular transformation. The large T antigen is necessary for the initiation of viral DNA synthesis, repression of transcription of the early region and is responsible in conjunction with the middle T antigen for the transformation of primary cells. Small T antigen is necessary for the completion of the productive infection cycle.

A tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype found in a variety of tissues and on activated LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for FAS LIGAND and plays a role in regulation of peripheral immune responses and APOPTOSIS. Multiple isoforms of the protein exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. The activated receptor signals via a conserved death domain that associates with specific TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS in the CYTOPLASM.

Antigens determined by leukocyte loci found on chromosome 6, the major histocompatibility loci in humans. They are polypeptides or glycoproteins found on most nucleated cells and platelets, determine tissue types for transplantation, and are associated with certain diseases.

Membrane antigens associated with maturation stages of B-lymphocytes, often expressed in tumors of B-cell origin.

High-molecular weight glycoproteins uniquely expressed on the surface of LEUKOCYTES and their hemopoietic progenitors. They contain a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase activity which plays a role in intracellular signaling from the CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. The CD45 antigens occur as multiple isoforms that result from alternative mRNA splicing and differential usage of three exons.

Process of classifying cells of the immune system based on structural and functional differences. The process is commonly used to analyze and sort T-lymphocytes into subsets based on CD antigens by the technique of flow cytometry.

Substances of fungal origin that have antigenic activity.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The major group of transplantation antigens in the mouse.

A 67-kDa sialic acid binding lectin that is specific for MYELOID CELLS and MONOCYTE-MACROPHAGE PRECURSOR CELLS. This protein is the smallest siglec subtype and contains a single immunoglobulin C2-set domain. It may play a role in intracellular signaling via its interaction with SHP-1 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE and SHP-2 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE.

Any part or derivative of a helminth that elicits an immune reaction. The most commonly seen helminth antigens are those of the schistosomes.

Molecules on the surface of T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with antigens. The receptors are non-covalently associated with a complex of several polypeptides collectively called CD3 antigens (ANTIGENS, CD3). Recognition of foreign antigen and the major histocompatibility complex is accomplished by a single heterodimeric antigen-receptor structure, composed of either alpha-beta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, ALPHA-BETA) or gamma-delta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA) chains.

Cell-surface glycoprotein beta-chains that are non-covalently linked to specific alpha-chains of the CD11 family of leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION). A defect in the gene encoding CD18 causes LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME.

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that may play a role in the regulation of NF-KAPPA B and APOPTOSIS. They are found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; MAST CELLS and NK CELLS. Overexpression of CD30 antigen in hematopoietic malignancies make the antigen clinically useful as a biological tumor marker. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.

A critical subpopulation of regulatory T-lymphocytes involved in MHC Class I-restricted interactions. They include both cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and CD8+ suppressor T-lymphocytes.

Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.

A subtype of tetraspanin proteins that play a role in cell adhesion, cell motility, and tumor metastasis. CD9 antigens take part in the process of platelet activation and aggregation, the formation of paranodal junctions in neuronal tissue, and the fusion of sperm with egg.

A glycoprotein that is secreted into the luminal surface of the epithelia in the gastrointestinal tract. It is found in the feces and pancreaticobiliary secretions and is used to monitor the response to colon cancer treatment.

A subclass of HLA-D antigens that consist of alpha and beta chains. The inheritance of HLA-DR antigens differs from that of the HLA-DQ ANTIGENS and HLA-DP ANTIGENS.

A trisaccharide antigen expressed on glycolipids and many cell-surface glycoproteins. In the blood the antigen is found on the surface of NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. In addition, CD15 antigen is a stage-specific embryonic antigen.

Those proteins recognized by antibodies from serum of animals bearing tumors induced by viruses; these proteins are presumably coded for by the nucleic acids of the same viruses that caused the neoplastic transformation.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A sialic acid-rich protein and an integral cell membrane mucin. It plays an important role in activation of T-LYMPHOCYTES.

Leukocyte differentiation antigens and major platelet membrane glycoproteins present on MONOCYTES; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; PLATELETS; and mammary EPITHELIAL CELLS. They play major roles in CELL ADHESION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; and regulation of angiogenesis. CD36 is a receptor for THROMBOSPONDINS and can act as a scavenger receptor that recognizes and transports oxidized LIPOPROTEINS and FATTY ACIDS.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A group of three different alpha chains (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c) that are associated with an invariant CD18 beta chain (ANTIGENS, CD18). The three resulting leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE ADHESION) are LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1; MACROPHAGE-1 ANTIGEN; and ANTIGEN, P150,95.

Large, transmembrane, non-covalently linked glycoproteins (alpha and beta). Both chains can be polymorphic although there is more structural variation in the beta chains. The class II antigens in humans are called HLA-D ANTIGENS and are coded by a gene on chromosome 6. In mice, two genes named IA and IE on chromosome 17 code for the H-2 antigens. The antigens are found on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, epidermal cells, and sperm and are thought to mediate the competence of and cellular cooperation in the immune response. The term IA antigens used to refer only to the proteins encoded by the IA genes in the mouse, but is now used as a generic term for any class II histocompatibility antigen.

A group of antigens that includes both the major and minor histocompatibility antigens. The former are genetically determined by the major histocompatibility complex. They determine tissue type for transplantation and cause allograft rejections. The latter are systems of allelic alloantigens that can cause weak transplant rejection.

Small glycoproteins found on both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. CD59 restricts the cytolytic activity of homologous complement by binding to C8 and C9 and blocking the assembly of the membrane attack complex. (From Barclay et al., The Leukocyte Antigen FactsBook, 1993, p234)

IMMUNOGLOBULINS on the surface of B-LYMPHOCYTES. Their MESSENGER RNA contains an EXON with a membrane spanning sequence, producing immunoglobulins in the form of type I transmembrane proteins as opposed to secreted immunoglobulins (ANTIBODIES) which do not contain the membrane spanning segment.

Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. PCNA is required for the coordinated synthesis of both leading and lagging strands at the replication fork during DNA replication. PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types.

Oligosaccharide antigenic determinants found principally on NK cells and T-cells. Their role in the immune response is poorly understood.

A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds to CD27 ANTIGEN. It is found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS where it plays a role in stimulating the proliferation of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES and CD8-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES.

A ubiquitously expressed complement receptor that binds COMPLEMENT C3B and COMPLEMENT C4B and serves as a cofactor for their inactivation. CD46 also interacts with a wide variety of pathogens and mediates immune response.

A class of animal lectins that bind to carbohydrate in a calcium-dependent manner. They share a common carbohydrate-binding domain that is structurally distinct from other classes of lectins.

Glycoproteins with a wide distribution on hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells and strongly expressed on macrophages. CD58 mediates cell adhesion by binding to CD2; (ANTIGENS, CD2); and this enhances antigen-specific T-cell activation.

55-kDa antigens found on HELPER-INDUCER T-LYMPHOCYTES and on a variety of other immune cell types. CD4 antigens are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are implicated as associative recognition elements in MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX class II-restricted immune responses. On T-lymphocytes they define the helper/inducer subset. CD4 antigens also serve as INTERLEUKIN-15 receptors and bind to the HIV receptors, binding directly to the HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120.

A ubiquitously expressed membrane glycoprotein. It interacts with a variety of INTEGRINS and mediates responses to EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS.

A CD antigen that contains a conserved I domain which is involved in ligand binding. When combined with CD18 the two subunits form MACROPHAGE-1 ANTIGEN.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A glycoprotein that is a kallikrein-like serine proteinase and an esterase, produced by epithelial cells of both normal and malignant prostate tissue. It is an important marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

An integrin alpha subunit of approximately 150-kDa molecular weight. It is expressed at high levels on monocytes and combines with CD18 ANTIGEN to form the cell surface receptor INTEGRIN ALPHAXBETA2. The subunit contains a conserved I-domain which is characteristic of several of alpha integrins.

The lipopolysaccharide-protein somatic antigens, usually from gram-negative bacteria, important in the serological classification of enteric bacilli. The O-specific chains determine the specificity of the O antigens of a given serotype. O antigens are the immunodominant part of the lipopolysaccharide molecule in the intact bacterial cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

A specific HLA-A surface antigen subtype. Members of this subtype contain alpha chains that are encoded by the HLA-A*02 allele family.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive.

The number of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES per unit volume of BLOOD. Determination requires the use of a fluorescence-activated flow cytometer.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

Carbohydrate antigens expressed by malignant tissue. They are useful as tumor markers and are measured in the serum by means of a radioimmunoassay employing monoclonal antibodies.

GPI-linked membrane proteins broadly distributed among hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. CD55 prevents the assembly of C3 CONVERTASE or accelerates the disassembly of preformed convertase, thus blocking the formation of the membrane attack complex.

Cell adhesion molecules present on virtually all monocytes, platelets, and granulocytes. CD31 is highly expressed on endothelial cells and concentrated at the junctions between them.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Membrane glycoproteins consisting of an alpha subunit and a BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN beta subunit. In humans, highly polymorphic genes on CHROMOSOME 6 encode the alpha subunits of class I antigens and play an important role in determining the serological specificity of the surface antigen. Class I antigens are found on most nucleated cells and are generally detected by their reactivity with alloantisera. These antigens are recognized during GRAFT REJECTION and restrict cell-mediated lysis of virus-infected cells.

Tetraspanin proteins that are involved in a variety of cellular functions including BASEMENT MEMBRANE assembly, and in the formation of a molecular complexes on the surface of LYMPHOCYTES.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specific for 4-1BB LIGAND. It is found in a variety of immune cell types including activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; NATURAL KILLER CELLS; and DENDRITIC CELLS. Activation of the receptor on T-LYMPHOCYTES plays a role in their expansion, production of cytokines and survival. Signaling by the activated receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

Polymorphic class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens present on almost all nucleated cells. At least 20 antigens have been identified which are encoded by the A locus of multiple alleles on chromosome 6. They serve as targets for T-cell cytolytic responses and are involved with acceptance or rejection of tissue/organ grafts.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).

Receptors present on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES and B-LYMPHOCYTES that are specific for INTERLEUKIN-2 and play an important role in LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION. They are heterotrimeric proteins consisting of the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT, the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR BETA SUBUNIT, and the INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA-CHAIN.

Sets of cell surface antigens located on BLOOD CELLS. They are usually membrane GLYCOPROTEINS or GLYCOLIPIDS that are antigenically distinguished by their carbohydrate moieties.

Those hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen.

Ubiquitously-expressed tetraspanin proteins that are found in late ENDOSOMES and LYSOSOMES and have been implicated in intracellular transport of proteins.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

Tetraspanin proteins found associated with LAMININ-binding INTEGRINS. The CD151 antigens may play a role in the regulation of CELL MOTILITY.

A component of the B-cell antigen receptor that is involved in B-cell antigen receptor heavy chain transport to the PLASMA MEMBRANE. It is expressed almost exclusively in B-LYMPHOCYTES and serves as a useful marker for B-cell NEOPLASMS.

An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Human immune-response or Class II antigens found mainly, but not exclusively, on B-lymphocytes and produced from genes of the HLA-D locus. They are extremely polymorphic families of glycopeptides, each consisting of two chains, alpha and beta. This group of antigens includes the -DR, -DQ and -DP designations, of which HLA-DR is most studied; some of these glycoproteins are associated with certain diseases, possibly of immune etiology.

A membrane-bound tumor necrosis family member found primarily on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that binds specifically to CD30 ANTIGEN. It may play a role in INFLAMMATION and immune regulation.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A class of enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond of nitrogen-linked sugars.

A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.

Molecules on the surface of B- and T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with specific antigens.

Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).

The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS.

An alpha-integrin subunit found on lymphocytes, granulocytes, macrophages and monocytes. It combines with the integrin beta2 subunit (CD18 ANTIGEN) to form LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Antigens of the virion of the HEPATITIS B VIRUS or the Dane particle, its surface (HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS), core (HEPATITIS B CORE ANTIGENS), and other associated antigens, including the HEPATITIS B E ANTIGENS.

The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.

The processes triggered by interactions of ANTIBODIES with their ANTIGENS.

Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.

Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

A heterogeneous group of immunocompetent cells that mediate the cellular immune response by processing and presenting antigens to the T-cells. Traditional antigen-presenting cells include MACROPHAGES; DENDRITIC CELLS; LANGERHANS CELLS; and B-LYMPHOCYTES. FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS are not traditional antigen-presenting cells, but because they hold antigen on their cell surface in the form of IMMUNE COMPLEXES for B-cell recognition they are considered so by some authors.

The type species of LYMPHOCRYPTOVIRUS, subfamily GAMMAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting B-cells in humans. It is thought to be the causative agent of INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS and is strongly associated with oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY;), BURKITT LYMPHOMA; and other malignancies.

T-cell receptors composed of CD3-associated alpha and beta polypeptide chains and expressed primarily in CD4+ or CD8+ T-cells. Unlike immunoglobulins, the alpha-beta T-cell receptors recognize antigens only when presented in association with major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

Class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens encoded by more than 30 detectable alleles on locus B of the HLA complex, the most polymorphic of all the HLA specificities. Several of these antigens (e.g., HLA-B27, -B7, -B8) are strongly associated with predisposition to rheumatoid and other autoimmune disorders. Like other class I HLA determinants, they are involved in the cellular immune reactivity of cytolytic T lymphocytes.

The altered state of immunologic responsiveness resulting from initial contact with antigen, which enables the individual to produce antibodies more rapidly and in greater quantity in response to secondary antigenic stimulus.

Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.

The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

A melanosome-specific protein that plays a role in the expression, stability, trafficking, and processing of GP100 MELANOMA ANTIGEN, which is critical to the formation of Stage II MELANOSOMES. The protein is used as an antigen marker for MELANOMA cells.

A widely distributed cell surface transmembrane glycoprotein that stimulates the synthesis of MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES. It is found at high levels on the surface of malignant NEOPLASMS and may play a role as a mediator of malignant cell behavior.

A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.

An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.

Antigens associated with specific proteins of the human adult T-cell immunodeficiency virus (HIV); also called HTLV-III-associated and lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) antigens.

An inhibitory T CELL receptor that is closely related to CD28 ANTIGEN. It has specificity for CD80 ANTIGEN and CD86 ANTIGEN and acts as a negative regulator of peripheral T cell function. CTLA-4 antigen is believed to play role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

A promyelocytic cell line derived from a patient with ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. HL-60 cells lack specific markers for LYMPHOID CELLS but express surface receptors for FC FRAGMENTS and COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS. They also exhibit phagocytic activity and responsiveness to chemotactic stimuli. (From Hay et al., American Type Culture Collection, 7th ed, pp127-8)

A widely expressed transmembrane glycoprotein that functions as a METASTASIS suppressor protein. It is underexpressed in a variety of human NEOPLASMS.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

A group of differentiation surface antigens, among the first to be discovered on thymocytes and T-lymphocytes. Originally identified in the mouse, they are also found in other species including humans, and are expressed on brain neurons and other cells.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

The specific failure of a normally responsive individual to make an immune response to a known antigen. It results from previous contact with the antigen by an immunologically immature individual (fetus or neonate) or by an adult exposed to extreme high-dose or low-dose antigen, or by exposure to radiation, antimetabolites, antilymphocytic serum, etc.

Manifestations of the immune response which are mediated by antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes via lymphokines or direct cytotoxicity. This takes place in the absence of circulating antibody or where antibody plays a subordinate role.

A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat.

Endogenous tissue constituents that have the ability to interact with AUTOANTIBODIES and cause an immune response.

A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Nuclear antigens encoded by VIRAL GENES found in HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 4. At least six nuclear antigens have been identified.

A soluble substance elaborated by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-LYMPHOCYTES which induces DNA synthesis in naive lymphocytes.

A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

A sex-specific cell surface antigen produced by the sex-determining gene of the Y chromosome in mammals. It causes syngeneic grafts from males to females to be rejected and interacts with somatic elements of the embryologic undifferentiated gonad to produce testicular organogenesis.

A cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is expressed in ENDOTHELIAL CELLS and is involved in INTERCELLULAR JUNCTIONS.

Antigens stimulating the formation of, or combining with heterophile antibodies. They are cross-reacting antigens found in phylogenetically unrelated species.

CD4-positive T cells that inhibit immunopathology or autoimmune disease in vivo. They inhibit the immune response by influencing the activity of other cell types. Regulatory T-cells include naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ cells, IL-10 secreting Tr1 cells, and Th3 cells.

Antibodies obtained from a single clone of cells grown in mice or rats.

Antigenic determinants recognized and bound by the T-cell receptor. Epitopes recognized by the T-cell receptor are often located in the inner, unexposed side of the antigen, and become accessible to the T-cell receptors after proteolytic processing of the antigen.

The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

A heterodimeric protein that is a cell surface antigen associated with lymphocyte activation. The initial characterization of this protein revealed one identifiable heavy chain (ANTIGENS, CD98 HEAVY CHAIN) and an indeterminate smaller light chain. It is now known that a variety of light chain subunits (ANTIGENS, CD98 LIGHT CHAINS) can dimerize with the heavy chain. Depending upon its light chain composition a diverse array of functions can be found for this protein. Functions include: type L amino acid transport, type y+L amino acid transport and regulation of cellular fusion.

The hepatitis B antigen within the core of the Dane particle, the infectious hepatitis virion.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.

They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.

A group of the D-related HLA antigens found to differ from the DR antigens in genetic locus and therefore inheritance. These antigens are polymorphic glycoproteins comprising alpha and beta chains and are found on lymphoid and other cells, often associated with certain diseases.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.

A glycolipid, cross-species antigen that induces production of antisheep hemolysin. It is present on the tissue cells of many species but absent in humans. It is found in many infectious agents.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

An inhibitory B7 antigen that has specificity for the T-CELL receptor PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH 1 PROTEIN. CD274 antigen provides negative signals that control and inhibit T-cell responses and is found at higher than normal levels on tumor cells, suggesting its potential role in TUMOR IMMUNE EVASION.

Serologic tests based on inactivation of complement by the antigen-antibody complex (stage 1). Binding of free complement can be visualized by addition of a second antigen-antibody system such as red cells and appropriate red cell antibody (hemolysin) requiring complement for its completion (stage 2). Failure of the red cells to lyse indicates that a specific antigen-antibody reaction has taken place in stage 1. If red cells lyse, free complement is present indicating no antigen-antibody reaction occurred in stage 1.

A species of POLYOMAVIRUS originally isolated from Rhesus monkey kidney tissue. It produces malignancy in human and newborn hamster kidney cell cultures.

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.

Antigens that exist in alternative (allelic) forms in a single species. When an isoantigen is encountered by species members who lack it, an immune response is induced. Typical isoantigens are the BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS.

Cells artificially created by fusion of activated lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. The resulting hybrid cells are cloned and produce pure MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES or T-cell products, identical to those produced by the immunologically competent parent cell.

A melanosome-associated protein that plays a role in the maturation of the MELANOSOME.

The genetic region which contains the loci of genes which determine the structure of the serologically defined (SD) and lymphocyte-defined (LD) TRANSPLANTATION ANTIGENS, genes which control the structure of the IMMUNE RESPONSE-ASSOCIATED ANTIGENS, HUMAN; the IMMUNE RESPONSE GENES which control the ability of an animal to respond immunologically to antigenic stimuli, and genes which determine the structure and/or level of the first four components of complement.

Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.

A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.

Form of passive immunization where previously sensitized immunologic agents (cells or serum) are transferred to non-immune recipients. When transfer of cells is used as a therapy for the treatment of neoplasms, it is called adoptive immunotherapy (IMMUNOTHERAPY, ADOPTIVE).

Skeletal muscle type ryanodine receptor is involved in calcium signaling in human B lymphocytes. (1/892)

The regulation of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in B cells remains poorly understood and is presently explained almost solely by inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3)-mediated Ca2+ release, followed by activation of a store-operated channel mechanism. In fact, there are reports indicating that IP3 production does not always correlate with the magnitude of Ca2+ release. We demonstrate here that human B cells express a ryanodine receptor (RYR) that functions as a Ca2+ release channel during the B cell antigen receptor (BCR)-stimulated Ca2+ signaling process. Immunoblotting studies showed that both human primary CD19(+) B and DAKIKI cells express a 565-kDa immunoreactive protein that is indistinguishable in molecular size and immunoreactivity from the RYR. Selective reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, restriction fragment length polymorphism, and sequencing of cloned cDNA indicated that the major isoform of the RYR expressed in primary CD19(+) B and DAKIKI cells is identical to the skeletal muscle type (RYR1). Saturation analysis of [3H]ryanodine binding yielded Bmax = 150 fmol/mg of protein and Kd = 110 nM in DAKIKI cells. In fluo-3-loaded CD19(+) B and DAKIKI cells, 4-chloro-m-cresol, a potent activator of Ca2+ release mediated by the ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ release channel, induced Ca2+ release in a dose-dependent and ryanodine-sensitive fashion. Furthermore, BCR-mediated Ca2+ release in CD19(+) B cells was significantly altered by 4-chloro-m-cresol and ryanodine. These results indicate that RYR1 functions as a Ca2+ release channel during BCR-stimulated Ca2+ signaling and suggest that complex Ca2+ signals that control the cellular activities of B cells may be generated by cooperation of the IP3 receptor and RYR1. (+info)

Increased expression of regeneration and tolerance factor in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection. (2/892)

Regeneration and tolerance factor (RTF) plays a pivotal role in successful pregnancy outcome and has potent immunomodulating properties. During pregnancy, it is abundantly expressed in the placenta and on peripheral B lymphocytes. Several lines of evidence suggest that both successful pregnancy outcome and progression from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to AIDS are associated with a Th2-type response. As a result, we hypothesized that the cellular expression of RTF may also be increased during infection with HIV. Using flow cytometric analysis, we showed a significantly (P < 0.01) increased expression of RTF on CD3(+) cells obtained from individuals with HIV over that for individuals without HIV. On average, 32.1% of the CD3(+) cells from individuals with HIV expressed high levels of RTF. In contrast, an average of only 6.7% of the CD3(+) cells from individuals without HIV expressed high levels of RTF. Similar results were obtained when CD19(+) cells from individuals with (mean, 44.1%) and without (mean, 25.8%) HIV were evaluated. Linear regression analysis suggested that high levels of RTF expression by CD3(+) cells correlated better with viral load (r value, 0.46) than with absolute CD4 count (r value, 0.09). While additional experiments are necessary to delineate the precise immunologic role of RTF, our current data suggest that RTF expression during HIV infection may be a useful marker of immune activation. (+info)

Predictive value of CD19 measurements for bacterial infections in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus. (3/892)

We investigated the predictive value of CD19 cell percentages (CD19%) for times to bacterial infections, using data from six pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocols and adjusting for other potentially prognostic variables, such as CD4%, CD8%, immunoglobulin (IgA) level, lymphocyte count, prior infections, prior zidovudine treatment, and age. In addition, we explored the combined effects of CD19% and IgG level in predicting time to infection. We found that a low CD19% is associated with a nonsignificant 1.2-fold increase in hazard of bacterial infection (95% confidence interval: 0.97, 1.49). In contrast, a high IgG level is associated with a nonsignificant 0.87-fold decrease in hazard of infection (95% confidence interval: 0.68, 1.12). CD4% was more prognostic of time to bacterial infection than CD19% or IgG level. Low CD19% and high IgG levels together lead to a significant (P < 0. 01) 0.50-fold decrease in hazard (95% confidence interval: 0.35, 0. 73) relative to low CD19% and low IgG levels. Similarly, in a model involving assay result changes (from baseline to 6 months) as well as baseline values, the effect of CD19% by itself is reversed from its effect in conjunction with IgG. In this model, CD19% that are increasing and high are associated with decreases in hazard of infection (P < 0.01), while increasing CD19% and increasing IgG levels are associated with significant (at the P = 0.01 level) fourfold increases in hazard of infection relative to stable CD19% and decreasing, stable, or increasing IgG levels. Our data suggest that CD19%, in conjunction with IgG level, provides a useful prognostic tool for bacterial infections. It is highly likely that T-helper function impacts on B-cell function; thus, inclusion of CD4% in such analyses may greatly enhance the assessment of risk for bacterial infection. (+info)

Long-term fetal microchimerism in peripheral blood mononuclear cell subsets in healthy women and women with scleroderma. (4/892)

Fetal CD34(+) CD38(+) cells have recently been found to persist in maternal peripheral blood for many years after pregnancy. CD34(+) CD38(+) cells are progenitor cells that can differentiate into mature immune-competent cells. We asked whether long-term fetal microchimerism occurs in T lymphocyte, B lymphocyte, monocyte, and natural-killer cell populations of previously pregnant women. We targeted women with sons and used polymerase chain reaction for a Y-chromosome-specific sequence to test DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and from CD3, CD19, CD14, and CD56/16 sorted subsets. We also asked whether persistent microchimerism might contribute to subsequent autoimmune disease in the mother and included women with the autoimmune disease scleroderma. Scleroderma has a peak incidence in women after childbearing years and has clinical similarities to chronic graft-versus-host disease that occurs after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, known to involve chimerism. Sixty-eight parous women were studied for male DNA in PBMC and 20 for PBMC subsets. Microchimerism was found in PBMC from 33% (16 of 48) of healthy women and 60% (12 of 20) women with scleroderma, P =.046. Microchimerism was found in some women in CD3, CD19, CD14, and CD56/16 subsets including up to 38 years after pregnancy. Microchimerism in PBMC subsets was not appreciably more frequent in scleroderma patients than in healthy controls. Overall, microchimerism was found in CD3, CD19, and CD14 subsets in approximately one third of women and in CD56/16 in one half of women. HLA typing of mothers and sons indicated that HLA compatibility was not a requirement for persistent microchimerism in PBMC subsets. Fetal microchimerism in the face of HLA disparity implies that specific maternal immunoregulatory pathways exist that permit persistence but prevent effector function of these cells in normal women. Although microchimerism in PBMC was more frequent in women with scleroderma than healthy controls additional studies will be necessary to determine whether microchimerism plays a role in the pathogenesis of this or other autoimmune diseases. (+info)

Cutting edge: recruitment of the CD19/CD21 coreceptor to B cell antigen receptor is required for antigen-mediated expression of Bcl-2 by resting and cycling hen egg lysozyme transgenic B cells. (5/892)

Recruitment of the CD19/CD21 coreceptor is thought to lower the threshold for effective signaling through the B cell Ag receptor. We provide evidence supporting a second role for coreceptor recruitment, and that is to enhance the survival/proliferative potential of the responding B cells. We show that B cell Ag receptor signaling in the absence of coreceptor recruitment induces cellular accumulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL, whereas CD19-mediated signals are required for Bcl-2 accumulation. The expression of both anti-apoptotic proteins correlates with the enhanced responsiveness of both resting and cycling B cells to growth-promoting signals delivered through CD40. These results provide further evidence for the necessity of coreceptor recruitment during Ag-dependent B cell activation and indicate that Ags derived from inflammatory sites function as better thymus-dependent Ags than their counterparts not coated with complement fragments. (+info)

Phosphorylation of CD19 Y484 and Y515, and linked activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, are required for B cell antigen receptor-mediated activation of Bruton's tyrosine kinase. (6/892)

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) plays a critical role in B cell Ag receptor (BCR) signaling, as indicated by the X-linked immunodeficiency and X-linked agammaglobulinemia phenotypes of mice and men that express mutant forms of the kinase. Although Btk activity can be regulated by Src-family and Syk tyrosine kinases, and perhaps by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, BCR-coupled signaling pathways leading to Btk activation are poorly understood. In view of previous findings that CD19 is involved in BCR-mediated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) activation, we assessed its role in Btk activation. Using a CD19 reconstituted myeloma model and CD19 gene-ablated animals we found that BCR-mediated Btk activation and phosphorylation are dependent on the expression of CD19, while BCR-mediated activation of Lyn and Syk is not. Wortmannin preincubation inhibited the BCR-mediated activation and phosphorylation of Btk. Btk activation was not rescued in the myeloma by expression of a CD19 mutant in which tyrosine residues previously shown to mediate CD19 interaction with PI3-K, Y484 and Y515, were changed to phenylalanine. Taken together, the data presented indicate that BCR aggregation-driven CD19 phosphorylation functions to promote Btk activation via recruitment and activation of PI3-K. Resultant phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate probably functions to localize Btk for subsequent phosphorylation and activation by Src and Syk family kinases. (+info)

Expression of Epstein-Barr virus BamHI-A rightward transcripts in latently infected B cells from peripheral blood. (7/892)

In addition to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) EBNA and LMP latency genes, there is a family of alternatively spliced BamHI-A rightward transcripts (BARTs). These latency transcripts are highly expressed in the EBV-associated malignancies nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt's lymphoma, and are expressed at lower levels in latently EBV-infected B-cell lines. The contribution of the BARTs to EBV biology or pathogenesis is unknown. Resting B cells have recently been recognized as a reservoir for EBV persistence in the peripheral blood. In these cells, EBV gene expression is tightly restricted and the only viral gene known to be consistently expressed is LMP2A. We used cell sorting and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to examine whether BARTs are expressed in the restricted form of in vivo latency. Our results demonstrated that RNAs with splicing diagnostic for transcripts containing the BART RPMS1 and BARFO open-reading frames (ORFs) were expressed in CD19(+) but not in CD23(+) B cells isolated from peripheral blood of healthy individuals. The product of the proximal RPMS1 ORF has not previously been characterized. The RPMS1 ORF was shown to encode a 15-kD protein that localized to the nucleus of transfected cells. Expression of the BARTs in peripheral blood B cells suggests that the proteins encoded by these transcripts are likely to be important for maintenance of in vivo latency. (+info)

Distribution of lymphocytes and adhesion molecules in human cervix and vagina. (8/892)

Knowledge of the histological distribution of leucocytes and adhesion molecules in the human genital tract is scarce although local immunity in this region is important. Using immunohistochemical methods, we here describe the organization of CD3+, CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, CD19+ B cells, CD38+ plasma cells, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II+ antigen-presenting cells and CD14+ monocytes, as well as the expression of endothelial addressins in normal human ecto-cervical and vaginal mucosa. T cells were clustered in a distinct band beneath the epithelium and were also dispersed in the epithelium and the lamina propria, whereas CD38+ plasma cells were present only in the lamina propria. MHC class II+ cells were numerous in the lamina propria and in the epithelium, where they morphologically resembled dendritic cells. Lymphoid aggregates containing CD19+ and CD20+ B cells as well as CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells were also found in the cervix. The mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) was not expressed on the vascular endothelium in the cervical or vaginal mucosa. In contrast, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) and P-selectin were expressed in all tissue samples, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin were found in four of seven samples. We conclude that the distribution of leucocytes and adhesion molecules is very similar in the ecto-cervical and the vaginal mucosa and that the regulation of lymphocyte homing to the genital tract is different from that seen in the intestine. Our results also clearly suggest that the leucocytes are not randomly scattered in the tissue but organized in a distinct pattern. (+info)

... specifically targets the CD19 antigen present on B cells. In December 2014, it was approved by the US Food and ... A molecule of blinatumomab combines two binding sites: a CD3 site for T cells and a CD19 site for the target B cells. CD3 is ... March 2007). "CD19-/CD3-bispecific antibody of the BiTE class is far superior to tandem diabody with respect to redirected ... CD3 and CD19 are expressed in both pediatric and adult patients, making blinatumomab a potential therapeutic option for both ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blinatumomab

... a monoclonal antibody that binds both CD3 and CD19; chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy using CD19-directed CAR-T cells; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_cutaneous_diffuse_large_B-cell_lymphoma,_leg_type

Turtle, C., Riddell, S. & Maloney, D. (2016). CD19-Targeted chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell immunotherapy for B-cell ... Immunotherapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a defined ratio of CD8+ and CD4+ CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor-modified ... doi:10.1002/cpt.392 Turtle, C. J., & Maloney, D. G. (2016). Clinical trials of CD19-targeted CAR-modified T cell therapy; a ... Maloney leads an early-phase clinical trial for patients with certain advanced, treatment-resistant CD19-positive B-cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_G._Maloney

... is required in addition to the antigen-specific signal from their antigen receptors. T cells require two signals ... CR2 on mature B cells forms a complex with CD19 and CD81. This complex is called the B cell coreceptor complex for such ... B cell binds antigens with its BCR (a membrane-bound antibody), which transfers intracellular signals to the B cell as well as ... Co-stimulation is a secondary signal which immune cells rely on to activate an immune response in the presence of an antigen- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-stimulation

B-cell-associated antigens such as CD19, CD20, CD22, and CD79a are usually expressed. In contrast to small lymphocytic lymphoma ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MALT_lymphoma

Antigen CD19 appears only on B cells, which go awry in lymphoma and leukemia. Loss of B cells can be countered with ... In 2016, CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells were used to treat patients with relapsed and ... against B cell antigen CD19 was shown to mediate regression of an advanced B cell lymphoma. In 2009, a woman given T cells ... "Acquisition of a CD19-negative myeloid phenotype allows immune escape of MLL-rearranged B-ALL from CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adoptive_cell_transfer

Blinatumomab links T cells with CD19 receptors found the surface of B cells. The Food and Drug Administration (US) and the ... Solitomab links T cells with the EpCAM antigen which is expressed by colon, gastric, prostate, ovarian, lung, and pancreatic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi-specific_T-cell_engager

In this therapy, mice are immunized with the CD19 antigen and produce anti-CD19 antibodies. Hybridomas developed from mouse ... cytotoxic proteins and proliferation of T cells to kill CD19 B cells. Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have been developed as ... Human Antibodies Against Cell Surface Tumor Antigens Selected From Repertoires Displayed on T Cell Chimeric Antigen Receptors ... CD19 is a molecule found on all B-cells and can be used as a means of distinguishing the potentially malignant B-cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia

November 2017). "Kinetics and biomarkers of severe cytokine release syndrome after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-modified T- ... Cytokine reaction syndrome may also be induced by certain medications, such as the CD20 antibody rituximab and the CD19 CAR T ... 2016). "Interleukin 6 Is Not Made By Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells and Does Not Impact Their Function". Blood. 128 (22): ... December 2016). "Mechanisms of Acute Toxicity in NKG2D Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell-Treated Mice". Journal of Immunology. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokine_release_syndrome

Anti-CD19/CD16 diabodies have been shown to enhance the natural killer cell response to B-cell lymphomas. Furthermore, ... CD antigens". Immunobiology (5 ed.). New York: Garland. ISBN 978-0-8153-3642-6. Vivier E, Morin P, O'Brien C, Druker B, ... CD16+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). ... Bispecific antibody fragments, such as anti-CD19/CD16, allow the targeting of immunotherapeutic drugs to the cancer cell. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD16

The trials will assess combinations of MEDI4736 and one of Juno's CD19 directed chimeric antigen receptor T cell candidates. In ... Lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel), the company's autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy ... In December 2014 the company signed an agreement with Opus Bio, Inc for a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cell product ... fully human binding domain targeting B-cell maturation antigen. In January 2018, Celgene announced it would acquire Juno for $9 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juno_Therapeutics

The trials will assess combinations of MEDI4736 and one of Juno Therapeutics' CD19 directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca

Dendritic cells are antigen presenting cells (APCs) in the mammalian immune system. In cancer treatment they aid cancer antigen ... This treatment removes CD19 positive cells (B-cells) from the body (including the diseased cells, but also normal antibody ... Antigens can be added to the antibody and can induce the dendritic cells to mature and provide immunity to the tumor. Dendritic ... Carbohydrate antigens on the surface of cells can be used as targets for immunotherapy. GD2 is a ganglioside found on the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_immunotherapy

Her group was among the first to demonstrate impressive activity of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR T cells) therapies for ... "T cells expressing CD19 chimeric antigen receptors for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and young adults: a phase 1 ... She will modify the chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) to identify B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia and B-cell lymphoma. ... Mackall holds a number of patents relating to peptides and antigen receptors. She has served on the editorial boards of several ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_Mackall

"T cells expressing CD19 chimeric antigen receptors for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and young adults: a phase 1 ... Her clinical trials focus on exploring and optimizing chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T cell) based strategies and other ... "Anti-CD22-chimeric antigen receptors targeting B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Blood. 121 (7): 1165-1174. doi: ... "CD22-targeted CAR T cells induce remission in B-ALL that is naive or resistant to CD19-targeted CAR immunotherapy". Nature ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirali_N._Shah

Ligation of FCGR2B on B cells downregulates antibody production, prevents the membrane organization of BCR and CD19 and ... FCGR2B regulates B cell activation by increasing the BCR activation threshold and suppressing B cell mediated antigen ... is important for capturing the antigen-containing immune complexes which are essential for the germinal centre response. FCGR2B ... "Recruitment and activation of PTP1C in negative regulation of antigen receptor signaling by Fc gamma RIIB1". Science. 268 (5208 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FCGR2B

... induced tyrosine phosphorylation of CD19 requires a CD19 domain that mediates association with components of the B cell antigen ... It is associated with agammaglobulinemia-6. The B lymphocyte antigen receptor is a multimeric complex that includes the antigen ... PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human B-cell antigen receptor complex- ... Müller B, Cooper L, Terhorst C (1995). "Interplay between the human TCR/CD3 epsilon and the B-cell antigen receptor associated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD79B

Another important surface antigen is CD319 (SLAMF7). This antigen is expressed at high levels on normal human plasma cells. It ... such as CD19 and CD20. Instead, plasma cells are identified through flow cytometry by their additional expression of CD138, ... After leaving the bone marrow, the B cell acts as an antigen-presenting cell (APC) and internalizes offending antigens, which ... Pieces of the antigen (which are now known as antigenic peptides) are loaded onto MHC II molecules, and presented on its ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_cell

The presence of specific T-lymphoid antigens, cytoplasmic CD3 (cCD3), MPO and CD 19 became the most important standard for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biphenotypic_acute_leukaemia

With respect to diagnosing BNS, flow cytometry analyzes CSF contents for B-cells expressing the pan antigens CD19 and CD20, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bing–Neel_syndrome

IFC and UMC antigens. Complement receptor type 1 (C3b/C4b receptor) (Antigen CD35) belongs to the Knops blood group system and ... CD21 is part of a large signal-transduction complex that also involves CD19, CD81, and Leu13. Some of the proteins in this ... Complement decay-accelerating factor (Antigen CD55) belongs to the Cromer blood group system and is associated with Cr(a), Dr(a ... Lomas-Francis, Christine; Reid, Marion E. (2004). The blood group antigen: factsbook. Boston: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-586585- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sushi_domain

"Phase I CD19/CD22 Chimeric Antigen Receptor(CAR) T-Cells in Adults With Recurrent/Refractory B Cell Malignancies - Full Text ... A phase I clinical trial is recruiting individuals to study the side effects and efficacy of CD19/CD22 chimeric antigen ... Only individuals whose neoblastic B-cells express the CD19 cell surface protein are eligible to enter this study. Rezk SA, Zhao ... Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA-2) (a protein which stimulates infected cells to make >300 gene products some of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_large_B-cell_lymphoma_associated_with_chronic_inflammation

... less CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell product candidate known as FT819. 1998- Krause, Anja; Guo, Hong-Fen; Latouche ... Sadelain is a recognized leader in the concept and design of synthetic receptors for antigen, which he named chimeric antigen ... "Manufacturing validation of biologically functional T cells targeted to CD19 antigen for autologous adoptive cell therapy" ... Isabelle Rivière at MSK, Sadelain's team was the first to report on molecular complete responses induced by CD19 CAR T cells in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Sadelain

In these cells, a small amount of LYN is associated with cell surface receptor proteins, including the B cell antigen receptor ... BCR), CD40, or CD19. The abbreviation Lyn is derived from Lck/Yes novel tyrosine kinase, Lck and Yes also being members of the ... Brown VK, Ogle EW, Burkhardt AL, Rowley RB, Bolen JB, Justement LB (Jun 1994). "Multiple components of the B cell antigen ... Yamamoto T, Yamanashi Y, Toyoshima K (Apr 1993). "Association of Src-family kinase Lyn with B-cell antigen receptor". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LYN

CD28/CD19) play an important role because they can improve the antigen/receptor binding and initiate parallel cascade events, ... These receptors, that recognize the antigen soluble (B cells) or linked to a molecule on Antigen Presenting Cells (T cells), do ... The antigen receptor and signal protein form a stable complex, named BCR or TCR, in B or T cells, respectively. The family Src ... Therefore, the antigenic receptors play a central role in signal transduction in lymphocytes, because when antigens interact ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemical_cascade

The DLBCL cells have found to express B-cell antigens such as CD19, CD20, and CD22 as well as the transcription factors PAX5, ... Two promising immunotherapy approaches against diffuse large B-cell lymphoma are chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aggressive_lymphoma

It forms a signal transduction complex with CD19, CD21 and Leu-13 (CD225) on the surface of the B cell. On T cells CD81 ... 1994). "Mouse homologue of C33 antigen (CD82), a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily: complementary DNA, genomic ... 1992). "The CD19/CD21 signal transducing complex of human B lymphocytes includes the target of antiproliferative antibody-1 and ... Bradbury LE, Kansas GS, Levy S, Evans RL, Tedder TF (Nov 1992). "The CD19/CD21 signal transducing complex of human B ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD81

B1b cells seem to recognize more types of antigens including intracellular antigens. Previously, B1b cell antigen recognition ... using flow cytometry looking for surface expression of CD19, B220, and CD5. B1a expresses high CD5 level, while B1b expresses ... making antibodies against antigens and acting as antigen-presenting cells. These B1 cells are commonly found in peripheral ... Hence, there appears to be a role for self or foreign antigen in shaping the repertoire of the B-1 B cell compartment. B1 B ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-1_cell

Another method combines iPSC and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technologies to generate human T cells targeted to CD19, an ... DC-like antigen-presenting cells obtained from human induced pluripotent stem cells can serve as a source for vaccination ... Thus, the ability to generate platelet products ex vivo and platelet products lacking HLA antigens in serum-free media would ... A potentially efficient approach for generating antigen-specific CTLs is to revert mature immune T cells into iPSCs, which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induced_stem_cells

Surface antigens[edit]. Terminally differentiated plasma cells express relatively few surface antigens, and do not express ... common pan-B cell markers, such as CD19 and CD20. Instead, plasma cells are identified through flow cytometry by their ... Another important surface antigen is CD319 (SLAMF7). This antigen is expressed at high levels on normal human plasma cells. It ... After leaving the bone marrow, the B cell acts as an antigen presenting cell (APC) and internalizes offending antigens, which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_cells

CD19 • CD20 • CD21 • CD22 • CD23 • CD24 • CD25 • CD26 • CD27 • CD28 • CD29 • CD30 • CD31 • CD32 (A, B) • CD33 • CD34 • CD35 • ... 2000). "Characterization of a new member of the TNF family expressed on antigen presenting cells.". Biol. Chem. 380 (12): 1443- ... "BLyS receptor signatures resolve homeostatically independent compartments among naïve and antigen-experienced B cells.". Semin ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faktor_aktivacije_B-ćelija

This is carried out by using donor-derived antigen-presenting cells. These new methods have reduced culture time to 10-12 days ... CD19, CD20, CD21 and Immunoglobulin), natural killer cells and monocytes (CD15+), as well as activation markers (HLA-DR, CD25, ... CD19 deficiency, TACI (TNFRSF13B) deficiency, BAFF receptor deficiency. Normal numbers of B cells with decreased IgG and IgA ... recurrent infections and failure of the development of antibodies on exposure to antigens. The 1999 criteria also distinguish ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_immunodeficiency

I. Partial characterization of soluble Ki-1 antigen and detection of the antigen in cell culture supernatants and in serum by ... Josimovic-Alasevic O, Dürkop H, Schwarting R, Backé E, Stein H, Diamantstein T (Jan 1989). "Ki-1 (CD30) antigen is released by ... CD30+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... results from cDNA cloning and sequence comparison of the CD30 antigen from different sources". Molecular Immunology. 31 (17): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD30

T-cell sensitivity to antigen could be increased via avidity-based mechanism. The antigen sensitivity is higher in antigen- ... Each recombined TCR possess unique antigen specificity, determined by the structure of the antigen-binding site formed by the α ... many TCRs recognize the same antigen peptide and many antigen peptides are recognized by the same TCR.[2] ... 2001). Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease (5th ed.). Chapter 4, The Generation of Lymphocyte Antigen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_cell_receptor

Macrophage-1 antigen (CD11b+CD18). *VLA-4 (CD49d+CD29). *Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (ITGA2B+ITGB3) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-selectin

In this therapy, mice are immunized with the CD19 antigen and produce anti-CD19 antibodies. Hybridomas developed from mouse ... Human Antibodies Against Cell Surface Tumor Antigens Selected From Repertoires Displayed on T Cell Chimeric Antigen Receptors" ... CD19 is a molecule found on all B-cells and can be used as a means of distinguishing the potentially malignant B-cell ... TdT is a protein expressed early in the development of pre-T and pre-B cells, whereas CALLA is an antigen found in 80% of ALL ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia

Seligman P. A., Butler C. D., Massey E. J., etal. The p97 antigen is mapped to the q24-qter region of chromosome 3; the same ... Le Beau M. M., Diaz M. O., Plowman G. D., etal. Chromosomal sublocalization of the human p97 melanoma antigen. (англ.) // Hum. ... Plowman G. D., Brown J. P., Enns C. A., etal. Assignment of the gene for human melanoma-associated antigen p97 to chromosome 3 ... Rose T. M., Plowman G. D., Teplow D. B., etal. Primary structure of the human melanoma-associated antigen p97 ( ...

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Меланотрансферрин

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) also known as CD66e (Cluster of Differentiation 66e), is a ... 2001). "Heterogeneous RNA-binding protein M4 is a receptor for carcinoembryonic antigen in Kupffer cells". J. Biol. Chem. 276 ( ... CEACAM5, CD66e, CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule 5. External IDs. HomoloGene: 128801 GeneCards: ... Oikawa S, Nakazato H, Kosaki G (1987). "Primary structure of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) deduced from cDNA sequence". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEACAM5

The protein also carries the Jr(a) antigen, which defines the Junior blood group system.[9] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABCG2

van Rhenen A., van Dongen G. A., Kelder A., et al. The novel AML stem cell associated antigen CLL-1 aids in discrimination ...

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLEC12A

"Interaction of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta with the DF3/MUC1 carcinoma-associated antigen and beta-catenin". Molecular and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDH1_

Ebert LM, McColl SR (2002). "Up-regulation of CCR5 and CCR6 on distinct subpopulations of antigen-activated CD4+ T lymphocytes ... This receptor has been shown to be important for B-lineage maturation and antigen-driven B-cell differentiation, and it may ... dendritic cells induce antitumor immunity when genetically fused with nonimmunogenic tumor antigens". J. Immunol. 167 (11): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-C_chemokine_receptor_type_6

It is also called Lewis x and SSEA-1 (stage-specific embryonic antigen 1) and represents a marker for murine pluripotent stem ... CD15 Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... CD15 (3-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine) is a cluster of differentiation antigen - an immunologically significant molecule. CD15 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_x

A new ligand for human leukocyte antigen class II antigens". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 176 (2): 327-37. doi:10.1084 ... A new ligand for human leukocyte antigen class II antigens". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 176 (2): 327-37. doi:10.1084 ... antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II. ... antigen binding. • transmembrane signaling receptor activity. • MHC class II protein binding. Cellular component. • membrane. • ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LAG3

CD19 • CD20 • CD21 • CD22 • CD23 • CD24 • CD25 • CD26 • CD27 • CD28 • CD29 • CD30 • CD31 • CD32 (A, B) • CD33 • CD34 • CD35 • ... CD97 antigen je protein koji je kod ljudi kodiran CD97 genom.[1][2][3] ... 2001). "Tissue distribution of the human CD97 EGF-TM7 receptor". Tissue Antigens 57 (4): 325-31. PMID 11380941. doi:10.1034/j. ... "Expression cloning and chromosomal mapping of the leukocyte activation antigen CD97, a new seven-span transmembrane molecule of ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD97

Aimee L. Edinger ja Craig B. Thompson, Antigen-presenting cells control T cell proliferation by regulating amino acid ... MHC klass II, CD19 ja CD21 Meditsiin[muuda , muuda lähteteksti]. Lümfotsüütidega seotud haiguslikud seisundid[muuda , muuda ...

https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lümfotsüüdid

"Entrez Gene: ITGB3 integrin, beta 3 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, antigen CD61)".. *^ May, K. E.; Villar, J.; Kirtley, S.; ... CD61+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrin_beta_3

"Direct association of adenosine deaminase with a T cell activation antigen, CD26". Science. 261 (5120): 466-9. doi:10.1126/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipeptidyl_peptidase-4

B cells can present antigens to a specialized group of helper T cells called TFH cells. If an activated TFH cell recognizes the ... Roles of T cell-B-cell-activating molecule (5c8 antigen) and CD40 in contact-dependent help". Journal of Immunology. 149 (12): ... It binds to CD40 (protein) on antigen-presenting cells (APC), which leads to many effects depending on the target cell type. In ... Grewal, IS; Xu, J; Flavell, RA (7 December 1995). "Impairment of antigen-specific T-cell priming in mice lacking CD40 ligand". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD154

... genetic engineering of chimeric antigen receptors on a patient's own T-cells was approved by the U.S. FDA as a treatment for ... "CD19-targeted T cells rapidly induce molecular remissions in adults with chemotherapy-refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia" ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering

antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I. • antigen processing and presentation of exogenous ... antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I. • lipoprotein transport. • negative ... peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent. • platelet degranulation. • MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling ...

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD36

Primarily, the VCAM-1 protein is an endothelial ligand for VLA-4 (Very Late Antigen-4 or integrin α4β1) of the β1 subfamily of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCAM1

... antigens, during a process known as antigen presentation. Once they have identified an invader, the cells generate specific ... MHC class II, CD19 and CD20 In the circulatory system, they move from lymph node to lymph node. This contrasts with macrophages ... Following activation, B cells and T cells leave a lasting legacy of the antigens they have encountered, in the form of memory ... The lymphocytes involved in adaptive immunity (i.e. B and T cells) differentiate further after exposure to an antigen; they ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphocytes

... uveitis antigens induce CXCR3- and CXCR5-expressing lymphocytes and immature dendritic cells to migrate (англ.) // Blood (англ ... PEG10 activation by co-stimulation of CXCR5 and CCR7 essentially contributes to resistance to apoptosis in CD19+CD34+ B cells ...

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCR5

In addition to aiding with cytotoxic T cell antigen interactions the CD8 co-receptor also plays a role in T cell signaling. The ... the CD8 co-receptor plays a role in T cell signaling and aiding with cytotoxic T cell antigen interactions. ... This affinity keeps the T cell receptor of the cytotoxic T cell and the target cell bound closely together during antigen- ... Once the T cell receptor binds its specific antigen Lck phosphorylates the cytoplasmic CD3 and ζ-chains of the TCR complex ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD8

Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 also known as CD34 antigen is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD34 gene.[ ... Hotfilder M, Röttgers S, Rosemann A, Jürgens H, Harbott J, Vormoor J (Jul 2002). "Immature CD34+CD19- progenitor/stem cells in ... A hematopoietic progenitor cell surface antigen defined by a monoclonal antibody raised against KG-1a cells". Journal of ... Antigens, CD34 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD34

antigen binding. • virus receptor activity. • protein binding. • transmembrane signaling receptor activity. • identical protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLAMF1

CD19 • CD20 • CD21 • CD22 • CD23 • CD24 • CD25 • CD26 • CD27 • CD28 • CD29 • CD30 • CD31 • CD32 (A, B) • CD33 • CD34 • CD35 • ... 1996). "CD88 antibodies specifically bind to C5aR on dermal CD117+ and CD14+ cells and react with a desmosomal antigen in human ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/C5a_receptor

CD19+CD123-, CD19+CD123+, CD19-CD123-, and CD19-CD123+. These 4 subsets were highly pure and were analyzed by FISH for their ... Dual CD19 and CD123 targeting prevents antigen-loss relapses after CD19-directed immunotherapies. Marco Ruella,1,2,3 David M. ... T cells expressing CD19/CD20 bispecific chimeric antigen receptors prevent antigen escape by malignant B cells. Cancer Immunol ... In particular, anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART19) and bispecific anti-CD19/CD3 antibodies (blinatumomab) ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/87366

... a cellular therapy consisting of autologous T cells transduced with an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor, after myeloablative ... Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells against CD19 for Multiple Myeloma N Engl J Med. 2015 Sep 10;373(11):1040-7. doi: 10.1056/ ... a cellular therapy consisting of autologous T cells transduced with an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor, after myeloablative ... This response was achieved despite the absence of CD19 expression in 99.95% of the patients neoplastic plasma cells. (Funded ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26352815/?dopt=Abstract

Two modes of disease recurrence have been seen: CD19 positive and CD19 negative. Relapse of ALL that retains surface CD19 ... CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Shannon L. Maude, David T. Teachey, ... CD19: an ideal target?. Ideally, an antigen targeted by CAR-modified T cells would be tumor specific. Beyond that, an ideal ... Treating B-cell cancer with T cells expressing anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptors. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2013;10(5):267-276. ...

http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/125/26/4017?sso-checked=true

Antigen-independent regulation of cytoplasmic calcium in B cells with a 12-kDa B-cell growth factor and anti-CD19. J A ... Antigen-independent regulation of cytoplasmic calcium in B cells with a 12-kDa B-cell growth factor and anti-CD19 ... Antigen-independent regulation of cytoplasmic calcium in B cells with a 12-kDa B-cell growth factor and anti-CD19 ... Antigen-independent regulation of cytoplasmic calcium in B cells with a 12-kDa B-cell growth factor and anti-CD19 ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/85/6/1897?ijkey=2a578596dc26d491ce399e5d0219b8adef199cf5&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

... MD Anderson Events. Navigating the ... Immunotherapy Highway with CD19 Directed Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells. Pharmacy Grand Rounds ...

http://www3.mdanderson.org/calendar/event/Navigating_the_Immunotherapy_Highway_with_CD19_Directed_Chimeric_Antigen_Receptor_Tcells_38269.html

Preinfusion polyfunctional anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells associate with clinical outcomes in NHL. John Rossi, ... Preinfusion polyfunctional anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells associate with clinical outcomes in NHL. Blood, (), ... Preinfusion polyfunctional anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells associate with clinical outcomes in NHL ... Preinfusion polyfunctional anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells associate with clinical outcomes in NHL ...

http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/early/2018/06/12/blood-2018-01-828343?sso-checked=true

Genetically Targeted to the CD19 Antigen in B-cell Malignancies. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the ... genetically modified to target the B-cell antigen CD19 when administered to patients with CD19+. ... Genetically Targeted to the CD19 Antigen in B-cell Malignancies. ... To assess the effects of the adoptively transferred CD19 ... To quantitate the number of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) positive T-cells and donor EBV-CTL in the blood at defined ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01430390

CD19/CD22 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cells in Children and Young Adults With Recurrent or Refractory CD19/CD22- ... CD19/CD22 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cells in Children and Young Adults With Recurrent or Refractory CD19/CD22- ... CD19 immune escape has been observed by several groups following CD19-CAR therapy for B-ALL. Investigation of this phenomenon ... This trial will test whether simultaneous targeting of CD19 and CD22 using a novel bivalent CD19/22-CAR is safe and feasible. ...

https://www.centerwatch.com/clinical-trials/listings/194878/acute-lymphoid-leukemia-cd19cd22-chimeric-antigen-receptor/?radius=50

Genetically Targeted to the CD19 Antigen in B-cell Malignancies. This study is currently recruiting participants. See Contacts ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/results/NCT01430390

We used synthetic chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to overcome immunological tolerance and mediate tumor rejection in patients ... Tolerance to self-antigens prevents the elimination of cancer by the immune system,sup,1,2,/sup,. ... Determinants of response and resistance to CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia ... Tolerance to self-antigens prevents the elimination of cancer by the immune system1,2. We used synthetic chimeric antigen ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29713085/?dopt=Abstract

CD19" by people in this website by year, and whether "Antigens, CD19" was a major or minor topic of these publications. ... "Antigens, CD19" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Antigens, CD19" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Antigens, CD19". ...

https://profiles.umassmed.edu/display/127226

... a cohort of patients demonstrating the potential to treat aggressive non-Hodgkins lymphoma with an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen ... and Indolent B-cell Malignancies Can Be Effectively Treated with Autologous T Cells Expressing an Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen ... Kites most advanced product candidate, KTE-C19, is an anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy that involves genetically modifying a ... As seen in other studies, infusion of anti-CD19 CAR T cells was associated with significant, acute toxicities, including fever ...

http://www.gilead.com/news/press-releases/2014/8/kite-pharma-announces-patients-with-aggressive-nonhodgkins-lymphoma-experience-positive-results-after-receiving-anticd19-chimeric-antigen-receptor-car-t-cells-at-the-national-cancer-institute-nci

... and combination with PD1 inhibitors may further improve the efficacy of anti-CD19 CAR (CD19 CAR)-T cells in the treatment of ... and combination with PD1 inhibitors may further improve the efficacy of anti-CD19 CAR (CD19 CAR)-T cells in the treatment of ... In a single-center study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of a combination therapy with CD19 CAR-T cells and an anti-PD-1 ... In a single-center study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of a combination therapy with CD19 CAR-T cells and an anti-PD-1 ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2019.00767/full

... were properly refolded and bound CD19 antigen in FACS competition assays. These anti-CD19 scFv should be useful in the further ... Antibodies that recognize the CD19 antigen found on normal and malignant B cells, but not on stem cells, have been used to ... Directed against the CD19 Antigen. Bruce E. Bejcek, Duo Wang, Erica Berven, Christopher A. Pennell, Stephen C. Peiper, Sibrand ... Development and Characterization of Three Recombinant Single Chain Antibody Fragments (scFvs) Directed against the CD19 Antigen ...

http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/55/11/2346.long

We constructed and compared 2 CARs that contained a single chain variable region moiety that recognized CD19. One CAR contained ... T cells can be engineered to express the genes of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that recognize tumor-associated antigens. ... Anti-CD19-CAR-transduced CD8+ and CD4+ T cells produced interferon-γ and interleukin-2 specifically in response to CD19+ target ... T cells can be engineered to express the genes of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that recognize tumor-associated antigens. ...

https://insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=00002371-200909000-00002

Toward targeting B cell cancers with CD4+ CTLs: identification of a CD19-encoded minor histocompatibility antigen using a novel ... Toward targeting B cell cancers with CD4+ CTLs: identification of a CD19-encoded minor histocompatibility antigen using a novel ...

http://jem.rupress.org/content/early/2008/11/10/jem.20080713

CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells have antitumor activity in B cell malignancies, but factors that ... Immunotherapy of non-Hodgkins lymphoma with a defined ratio of CD8+ and CD4+ CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor-modified ... Immunotherapy of non-Hodgkins lymphoma with a defined ratio of CD8+ and CD4+ CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor-modified ... Immunotherapy of non-Hodgkins lymphoma with a defined ratio of CD8+ and CD4+ CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor-modified ...

https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/8/355/355ra116.abstract

CD19-redirected chimeric antigen receptor (CD19 CAR) T cell in the clinical treatment of human non-Hodgkins lymphoma and acute ... CD19 CAR T cell-redirected immunotherapy is an attractive option for patients with various CD19+ leukemias (e.g., ALL) and ... In fact, anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy has shown remarkable clinical efficacy in the treatment of these patients. Its ... Recently, a new form of immunotherapy using genetically engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells has been developed. ...

https://www.pulsus.com/abstract/cd19redirected-chimeric-antigen-receptor-cd19-car-t-cell-in-the-clinical-treatment-of-human-nonhodgkins-lymphoma-and-acu-5173.html

In most cases, their sensitivity correlated with the levels of CD19 and CD22 antigens expressed. Neither HD6 nor HD37 IT-As ... Ricin A chain-containing immunotoxins (IT-As) specific for the human B-cell antigens, CD22 and CD19, were constructed using the ... Evaluation of Ricin A Chain-containing Immunotoxins Directed against CD19 and CD22 Antigens on Normal and Malignant Human B- ... Evaluation of Ricin A Chain-containing Immunotoxins Directed against CD19 and CD22 Antigens on Normal and Malignant Human B- ...

http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/48/9/2610

Impaired CD19 expression and signaling, enhanced antibody response to type II T independent antigen and reduction of B-1 cells ... Impaired CD19 expression and signaling, enhanced antibody response to type II T independent antigen and reduction of B-1 cells ... Impaired CD19 expression and signaling, enhanced antibody response to type II T independent antigen and reduction of B-1 cells ...

https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/992598

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells immunotherapy is rapidly developed in treating cancers, especially relapsed or ... Efficiency of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells for treatment of B cell malignancies in phase I clinical trials: ... Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells for B-cell malignancies: a systematic review of efficacy and safety in ... T cells expressing CD19 chimeric antigen receptors for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and young adults: a phase 1 ...

https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-018-4817-4

"Pleural cavity cytokine release syndrome in CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cell therapy, Medicine" on ... T cells expressing CD19 chimeric antigen receptors for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and young adults: a phase 1 ... Pleural cavity cytokine release syndrome in CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cell therapy. Ding, Lijuan; Hu, ... Pleural cavity cytokine release syndrome in CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor-modified T... Ding, Lijuan; Hu, Yongxian; ...

https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/wolters_kluwer/pleural-cavity-cytokine-release-syndrome-in-cd19-directed-chimeric-fJqlafcZ6W

Background: Unprecedented clinical outcomes were reported after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART19) therapy. However ... Background: Unprecedented clinical outcomes were reported after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART19) therapy. However ... EVs were CD19 positive (EVCD19+). CD19 positivity was detected only in patients with the EVslarge (Fig 1B). The EVs ... EVs were CD19 positive (EVCD19+). CD19 positivity was detected only in patients with the EVslarge (). The EVs concentration, ...

https://jnccn.org/view/journals/jnccn/17/3.5/article-pYIA19-003.xml

CD19),partial. It is produced in in vitro E.coli expression system. High purity. Good price. ... B-lymphocyte antigen CD19; B-lymphocyte surface antigen B4; B4; CD19; CD19 antigen; CD19 molecule; Cd19 protein; CD19_HUMAN; ... CD19 Proteins. *Recombinant Human B-lymphocyte antigen CD19(CD19),partial ( in vitro E.coli expression system-CSB-CF004888HU ) ... ELISA Kit deficiency due to defect in CD19; deficiency due to defect in CD19; included; AW495831; B lymphocyte antigen CD19; B ...

https://www.cusabio.com/Transmembrane-Protein/Recombinant-Human-B-lymphocyte-antigen-CD19CD19partial-12556579.html

CD19-transduced K562 (CD19-K562) cells were generated by retroviral transduction with the truncated CD19 molecule as described ... coculture assays with CD19-K562, Raji, and SU-DHL6 cells were performed. CD19-MFI was 2,809, 2,505, and 2,166 for CD19-K562, ... Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells against CD19 for Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med 2015;373:1040-7. ... Generation of CD19-chimeric antigen receptor modified CD8+ T cells derived from virus-specific central memory T cells. Blood ...

https://cancerimmunolres.aacrjournals.org/content/4/8/658

CD19" by people in this website by year, and whether "Antigens, CD19" was a major or minor topic of these publications. ... "Antigens, CD19" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... Zhang W, Jordan KR, Schulte B, Purev E. Characterization of clinical grade CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells produced ... Human CD19-Targeted Mouse T Cells Induce B Cell Aplasia and Toxicity in Human CD19 Transgenic Mice. Mol Ther. 2018 06 06; 26(6 ...

https://profiles.ucdenver.edu/display/218800

In particular, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are disclosed that can be used with adoptive cell transfer to target and ... kill cancer cells with reduced antigen escape. Therefore, also disclosed are methods of providing an anti-tumor immunity in a ... In particular, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are disclosed that can be used with adoptive cell transfer to target and ... Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies. 395. Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic ...

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2020223327

... approved the first anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy. Unlike other immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and ... Thirty years after initial publications of the concept of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), the U.S. Food and Drug ... The long road to the first FDA-approved gene therapy: chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting CD19 Peter Braendstrup 1 , ... The long road to the first FDA-approved gene therapy: chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting CD19 Peter Braendstrup et al. ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/phgHome.action?action=forward&dbsource=phg&id=39646

CD19 Antigen. CD19 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin Ig superfamily, with expression restricted to B ... The huB4 antibody binds only to the human CD19 antigen (29); it does not recognize CD19 in rodent or cynomolgus monkey ... CD19 antigen in leukemia and lymphoma diagnosis and immunotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma 1995;18:385-97. ... The murine B4 antibody, one of the earliest antibodies to define the CD19 antigen (31), was humanized via a variable-domain ...

https://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/17/20/6448?ijkey=554e9b082a9618705e518212bc1d32c028b562ae&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Natural expression of the CD19 antigen impacts the long-term engraftment but not antitumor activity of CD19-specific engineered ... Natural expression of the CD19 antigen impacts the long-term engraftment but not antitumor activity of CD19-specific engineered ... CD28 costimulation provided through a CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor enhances in vivo persistence and antitumor ... To explore the impact of normal tissue expression of the target Ag, we developed a mouse CD19-specific CAR to investigate ...

https://christie.openrepository.com/handle/10541/109392

We used synthetic chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to overcome immunological tolerance and mediate tumor rejection in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). (nih.gov)
T cells can be engineered to express the genes of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that recognize tumor-associated antigens. (ovid.com)
Unlike physiological T cell receptors (TCR), scFv can recognize antigen directly without major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restriction. (biomedcentral.com)
Anti-CD19-chimeric antigen receptors T cells synergistically exerted collaborative cytotoxicity against primary double-hit lymphoma cells with anti-CD38-chimeric antigen receptors T cells. (cusabio.com)
Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CARs) are engineered proteins that can be used in a therapeutic capacity when expressed by an immune cell (e.g., a T cell). (cancer.gov)
We and others have previously described the safety and efficacy of autologous T cells modified to express anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) in patients with relapsed or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and CLL. (nih.gov)
The ability of the B cell to respond in a specific, yet sensitive manner to the various antigens is achieved with the use of low-affinity antigen receptors. (fishersci.com)
Several clinical studies in 2018 documented the potency of therapies based on T cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR T cells), but also revealed mechanisms of resistance. (nature.com)
This success has captured public imagination and driven academic and industrial researchers to develop similar 'off-the-shelf' receptors targeting shared antigens on epithelial cancers, the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. (nature.com)
Engineering and Design of Chimeric Antigen Receptors. (nih.gov)
A phase I clinical trial of adoptive T cell therapy using IL-12 secreting MUC-16(ecto) directed chimeric antigen receptors for recurrent ovarian cancer. (springer.com)
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are synthetic proteins expressed on the surface of T cells. (medscape.com)
T cells expressing CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) with endodomains that encode a signaling domain derived from CD3ζ and CD28 or 41BB have potent antitumor activity in early-phase clinical studies for B-cell malignancies. (aacrjournals.org)
In recent years, immunotherapeutic approaches have shown promise in the treatment of CD19 + hematologic malignancies, including the adoptive transfer of T cells expressing CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) or the infusion of bispecific antibodies (BiTE) to redirect T cells to CD19 + tumor cells ( 5-16 ). (aacrjournals.org)
EBV+ HL and NHL) as well as chimeric antigen receptors where T-Cell recognition is redirected to surface molecules (e.g. (childrensnational.org)
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)- T cells are T cells which are genetically modified by the addition of tumor-reactive chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). (news-medical.net)

Increases in cytoplasmic free calcium ([Ca2+]i) can be induced in resting B cells either by a low molecular weight (12-kDa) B-cell growth factor (LMW-BCGF) or by crosslinking the B-cell antigen CD19 with monoclonal antibody (mAb). (pnas.org)
In a single-center study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of a combination therapy with CD19 CAR-T cells and an anti-PD-1 antibody (nivolumab) in patients with relapsed/refractory B-NHL. (frontiersin.org)
Impaired CD19 expression and signaling, enhanced antibody response to type II T independent antigen and reduction of B-1 cells in CD81-deficient mice. (harvard.edu)
Then T cells are activated with anti-human CD3/CD28 antibody-coated beads, anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies, and/or artificial antigen-presenting cells(APCs). (biomedcentral.com)
SAR3419 is a novel anti-CD19 humanized monoclonal antibody conjugated to a maytansine derivate through a cleavable linker for the treatment of B-cell malignancies. (aacrjournals.org)
SAR3419 combines the strengths of a high-potency tubulin inhibitor and the exquisite B-cell selectivity of an anti-CD19 antibody. (aacrjournals.org)
CD19 Monoclonal antibody specifically detects CD19 in Human samples. (fishersci.com)
Description: The eBio1D3 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse CD19, a 95 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein. (fishersci.com)
The new gene that is put in the T cells in this study makes a piece of an antibody called anti-CD19. (clinicaltrialsgps.com)
This antibody sticks to leukemia cells because they have a substance on the outside of the cells called CD19. (clinicaltrialsgps.com)
For this study, the anti-CD19 antibody has been changed so that instead of floating free in the blood part of it is now joined to the T cells. (clinicaltrialsgps.com)
In turn, anti-CD19 antibody-bound B cells are the target of Natural killer cell -mediated Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity , i.e., how antibodies that specifically bind to B cells could be used to get rid of them in B cell malignancies. (wordpress.com)
On the other hand, Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) essentially endows a T cell with additional Monoclonal antibody -like functionality. (wordpress.com)
Here, such antibody-like specificity is 'grafted' onto the T cell by genetically engineering it to express a CAR that specifically binds the CD19 molecule expressed on the surface of B cells. (wordpress.com)
also called antibody deficiency due to CD19 defect. (abcam.com)
CVID3 is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by antibody deficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent bacterial infections and an inability to mount an antibody response to antigen. (abcam.com)
Flow Cytometry - Anti-CD19 antibody [CB19] (Phycoerythrin) (ab1168) Image courtesy of Ken Rogers by Abreview. (abcam.com)
Dental bone grafts are bioresorbable and are not reactive to antigen-antibody. (openpr.com)
The HIB19 antibody reacts with CD19, an ~95 kDa type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on the surface of B cells throughout all stages of development, from early pre-B cells to plasma cells. (stemcell.com)
A) Flow cytometry analysis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) labeled with Anti-Human CD19 Antibody, Clone HIB19, Alexa Fluor® 488 and anti-human CD45 APC. (stemcell.com)
B) Flow cytometry analysis of human PBMCs processed with the EasySep™ Human CD19 Positive Selection Kit and labeled with Anti-Human CD19 Antibody, Clone HIB19, Alexa Fluor® 488. (stemcell.com)
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: CD19 Antibody (CB19) [NBP2-25196] - The CD19 (CB19) antibody was tested in Daudi cells at a 1:40 dilution against Dylight 488 (Green). (novusbio.com)
Flow Cytometry: CD19 Antibody (CB19) [NBP2-25196] - A surface stain was performed on Ramos cells with CD19 Antibody (CB19) NBP2-26646 (blue) and a matched isotype control (orange). (novusbio.com)
Flow Cytometry: CD19 Antibody (CB19) [NBP2-25196] - Surface staining of 10^6 human lymphocytes using 0.2 ug of CD19 antibody (red) and isotype control (green). (novusbio.com)
Flow Cytometry: CD19 Antibody (CB19) [NBP2-25196] - Analysis using the FITC conjugate of NBP2-25196. (novusbio.com)
Staining of CD19 in 10^6 human lymphocytes using 10 ul (0.25 ug) of this antibody. (novusbio.com)
Staining of CD19 in human PBMCs using anti-CD19 antibody. (novusbio.com)
Flow Cytometry: CD19 Antibody (CB19) [NBP2-25196] - A surface stain was performed on human peripheral blood lymphocytes with TACI/TNFRSF13B/CVID (1A1) antibody NB600-1189PE and a matched isotype control. (novusbio.com)
The exact CD19 epitope recognized by the antibody has not been mapped and is unknown. (novusbio.com)
An antibody-deficiency syndrome due to mutations in the CD19 gene. (springer.com)
Monjuvi (tafasitamab-cxix) is a CD19-directed cytolytic antibody indicated in. (drugs.com)
Immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded human follicular lymphoma tissue slide using 66298-1-Ig( CD19 Antibody) at dilution of 1:400 (under 10x lens). (cosmobio.co.jp)
dashed line histogram) or BD Horizon BUV737 Mouse Anti-Human CD19 antibody (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
Normal B cells also express CD19 on their surfaces, which help to activate the antibody response so that pathogens are killed. (news-medical.net)
For overcoming this issue, we establish a new chimeric antigen receptor containing humanized single chain antibody sequence to target CD22 molecule on B cells. (centerwatch.com)
The antibody detects endogenous level of CD19 only when phosphorylated at tyrosine 531. (genetex.com)
Western blot analysis of extracts from COS7 cells treated with Serum using Phospho-CD19 (Tyr531) antibody. (genetex.com)
Rat monoclonal antibody raised against Cd19. (abnova.com)
Cells from BALB/c mesenteric lymph nodes were double-stained with Cd19 monoclonal antibody, clone 6D5 (FITC) (Cat # MAB5687) and Cd3e monoclonal antibody, clone C363.29B (PE) (Cat # MAB6102), gated on small lymphocytes and analyzed on a FACScan™ flow cytometer (BDIS, San Jose, CA). (abnova.com)
This antibody subset contrasts with immune antibodies, which are produced in response to the introduction of antigens to the immune system. (els.net)
A natural antibody is an antibody present in the circulation of an animal or a subject that had not been previously exposed to the corresponding antigen. (els.net)
Studies of rodents rendered deficient in natural antibodies suggest that this antibody subset is endowed with a homeostatic potential and housekeeping functions, such as recognition and removal of senescent cells and other self‐antigens. (els.net)

These findings are being published in an article titled, "Chemotherapy-refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma and Indolent B-cell Malignancies Can Be Effectively Treated with Autologous T Cells Expressing an Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor," DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2014.56.2025, which is appearing in the August 25, 2014 issue of the American Society of Clinical Oncology's Journal of Clinical Oncology . (gilead.com)
Both the high overall response rate and the durability of the complete remissions are noteworthy, and we believe our anti-CD19-CAR T cell approach holds great potential for the treatment of B cell malignancies, including those with aggressive, resistant disease for which there are no viable treatment options. (gilead.com)
The expression of PD-1 in CD19 CAR-T cells is increased after infusion into patients with B-cell malignancies, and PD-1 disruption may enhance the effectiveness of CAR-T cell treatment ( 5 - 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
In preparation for a clinical trial that will enroll patients with advanced B cell malignancies, we generated a producer cell clone that produces retroviruses encoding the anti-CD19 CAR, and we produced sufficient retroviral supernatant for the proposed clinical trial under good manufacturing practice conditions. (ovid.com)
CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells have antitumor activity in B cell malignancies, but factors that affect toxicity and efficacy have been difficult to define because of differences in lymphodepletion and heterogeneity of CAR-T cells administered to individual patients. (sciencemag.org)
Typically, engineered CAR T-cells recognize CD19 specifically, a universal B-cell surface marker expressed in many forms of B-cell malignancies. (pulsus.com)
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells immunotherapy is rapidly developed in treating cancers, especially relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies. (biomedcentral.com)
CD19-specific triplebody SPM-1 mediated potent lysis of cancer-derived B cell lines and primary cells from patients with various B-lymphoid malignancies. (cusabio.com)
T cells genetically modified with a CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CD19CAR) are remarkably effective against B-cell malignancies in clinical trials. (aacrjournals.org)
CD19 and CD20 are promising targets for the treatment of B-Cell malignancies. (cancer.gov)
The efficacy of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells for B-cell malignancies. (cdc.gov)
In conclusion, this meta-analysis showed a high clinical RR of CD19-CAR-T cell-based immunotherapy in patients with refractory B-cell malignancies. (cdc.gov)
Chimeric antigen receptor-modified (CAR) T cells targeting CD19 (CART19) have shown therapeutical activities in CD19+ malignancies. (biomedcentral.com)
We aimed to define feasibility, toxicity, maximum tolerated dose, response rate, and biological correlates of response in children and young adults with refractory B-cell malignancies treated with CD19-CAR T cells. (qxmd.com)
Chemotherapy-refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and indolent B-cell malignancies can be effectively treated with autologous T cells expressing an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor. (qxmd.com)
It remains challenging to characterize the functional attributes of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cell product targeting CD19 related to potency and immunotoxicity ex vivo, despite promising in vivo efficacy in patients with B cell malignancies. (springer.com)
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T therapies for the treatment of hematologic malignancies: clinical perspective and significance. (nih.gov)
Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cells: Lessons Learned from Targeting of CD19 in B-Cell Malignancies. (vchri.ca)
Both virus-specific T-cells targeting antigens expressed by virus-associated malignancies (e.g. (childrensnational.org)
CD19 in B cell malignancies) have shown great promise clinically. (childrensnational.org)
Expression of CD19 is also found in the majority of B cell-derived malignancies. (miltenyibiotec.com)
CD19 is an ideal target with great potential for treating B-cell-derived hematological malignancies. (centerwatch.com)

Adoptive transfer of T cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) has emerged as a powerful targeted immunotherapy, showing striking responses in highly refractory populations. (bloodjournal.org)
Recently, a new form of immunotherapy using genetically engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells has been developed. (pulsus.com)
CD19 CAR T cell-redirected immunotherapy is an attractive option for patients with various CD19+ leukemias (e.g. (pulsus.com)
Its significant efficacy coupled with limited toxicities makes CD19 CAR T-cell immunotherapy an ideal treatment approach for ALL and NHL. (pulsus.com)
Recently, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells immunotherapy is rapidly developed. (biomedcentral.com)
Synergistic and persistent effect of T-cell immunotherapy with anti-CD19 or anti-CD38 chimeric receptor in conjunction with rituximab on B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. (openrepository.com)
Immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells has proved remarkably effective in recently published clinical trials. (cdc.gov)
There are very few [antigens] on the [tumor cell] surface and that are unique to tumors," explained Marcela Maus, M.D., Ph.D., director of Cellular Immunotherapy at the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, at a December 2018 NCI-sponsored workshop on cell-based immunotherapies. (cancer.gov)
Infectious complications of CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell immunotherapy. (vchri.ca)
Endothelial Activation and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Neurotoxicity after Adoptive Immunotherapy with CD19 CAR-T Cells. (vchri.ca)

In addition, thanks to the broad expression of CD19, SAR3419 may provide treatment options for B-cell leukemias that are often CD20-negative. (aacrjournals.org)
Human peripheral blood leukocytes stained with APC anti-Human Lineage Cocktail (CD3, CD14, CD19, CD20, CD56) and HLA-DR PerCP. (biolegend.com)
CD19 and CD20 are expressed on B lymphocytes. (biolegend.com)
Unfortunately, some clinical studies have shown that there is a loss of CD19 or CD20 expression in various cases of lymphomas and leukemias, particularly after treatment with an agent that targets CD19 (e.g., anti-CD19 CAR-T). However, studies have shown that expression of one protein is retained when the other is lost. (cancer.gov)
This suggests that a therapeutic with the ability to simultaneously target both CD19 and CD20 could represent a solution to the drawbacks of current therapies. (cancer.gov)
Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) have developed the current invention which is an expression construct for a CAR that targets both CD19 and CD20. (cancer.gov)
The result is a more efficient and simultaneous targeting of both CD19 and CD20 by the same T cell. (cancer.gov)
The authors performed a phase Ⅱ trial by coadministration of anti-CD19 and anti-CD20 CAR-T cells treatment for R/R DLBCL and evaluated its efficacy and toxicity. (omgcb.com)
The patients were conditioned with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide before the infusion of anti-CD19 and anti-CD20 CAR-T cells. (omgcb.com)
Peak levels of anti-CD19 and anti-CD20 CAR cells were associated with response (P = .007 and .002). (omgcb.com)
CONCLUSIONS: Coadministration of anti-CD19 and CD20 CAR-T cells therapy for DLBCL is feasible with manageable toxicity. (omgcb.com)
Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stained with CD19 antibodies or with the corresponding REA Control (S) antibodies (left images) as well as with CD20 antibodies. (miltenyibiotec.com)

Mouse monoclonal to CD19.COC19 reacts with CD19 (B4), a 90 kDa molecule, which is expressed on approximately 5-25% of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. (complextraitgenomics.com)
CD19 is a critical signal transduction molecule that regulates B lymphocyte development, activation and differentiation. (complextraitgenomics.com)
It stands to reason that anti-CD19 antibodies would target B cell , which ~ exclusively and specifically express the CD19 molecule. (wordpress.com)
CD19-ENG.41BBL/CD80 T cells retained their antigen specificity and had superior effector function compared with both unmodified T cells and CD19-ENG T cells expressing either CD80, 41BBL, or no costimulatory molecule, as judged by cytokine (IFNγ and IL2) production, T-cell proliferation, and their ability to sequentially kill target cells. (aacrjournals.org)
15. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1, wherein said nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), wherein said CAR comprises at least one of said co-stimulatory domains. (freepatentsonline.com)
B-lymphocyte antigen CD19, also known as CD19 molecule (Cluster of Differentiation 19), B-Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B4, T-Cell Surface Antigen Leu-12 and CVID3 is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the gene CD19. (wikipedia.org)
A molecule of blinatumomab combines two binding sites: a CD3 site for T cells and a CD19 site for the target B cells. (wikipedia.org)

Kinetics and biomarkers of severe cytokine release syndrome after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapy. (vchri.ca)

Together CD21, CD81, MHC class II, and CD19 form a multimolecular complex that associates with the BCR. (fishersci.com)
By associating with CD21 and CD81, CD19 functions as a co-receptor for the B cell receptor and is involved in B cell activation and differentiation. (stemcell.com)
Wentink MW, Lambeck AJ, van Zelm MC, Simons E, van Dongen JJ, IJspeert H, Schölvinck EH, van der Burg M. CD21 and CD19 deficiency: two defects in the same complex leading to different disease modalities. (springer.com)
On B cells, CD19 associates with CD21, CD81, and CD225 (Leu-13) forming a signal transduction complex. (miltenyibiotec.com)
on the other, it works within the CD19/CD21 complex to decrease the threshold for B cell receptor signaling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
On the cell surface, CD19 is the dominant signaling component of a multimolecular complex including CD21, a complement receptor, CD81, a tetraspanin membrane protein (TAPA-1), and CD225. (wikipedia.org)
however, CD19 does not require CD21 for signal transduction. (wikipedia.org)

Ca2+]i responses to LMW-BCGF or CD19 cross-linking were also evident on certain pre-B-cell and lymphoma B-cell lines. (pnas.org)
After treatment with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, interleukin (IL)-15 elevation and CAR T-cell expansion are associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) outcomes. (bloodjournal.org)
Assess the safety of administering escalating doses of autologous CD19/CD22-CAR engineered T cells that meet established release specifications in children and young adults with CD19+CD22+ B cell ALL or lymphoma following a cyclophosphamide/fludarabine conditioning regimen. (centerwatch.com)
SANTA MONICA, Calif., Aug. 25, 2014 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Kite Pharma, Inc., (Nasdaq:KITE), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing engineered autologous T cell therapy (eACT™) products for the treatment of cancer, today announced the publication of clinical results in a cohort of patients demonstrating the potential to treat aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. (gilead.com)
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are emerging as a novel treatment for patients with refractory/relapsed B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), and combination with PD1 inhibitors may further improve the efficacy of anti-CD19 CAR (CD19 CAR)-T cells in the treatment of lymphomas. (frontiersin.org)
Our study demonstrated that the combination of CD19 CAR-T cells and nivolumab was feasible and safe and mediated potent anti-lymphoma activity, which should be examined further in prospective clinical trials in refractory/relapsed B-NHL. (frontiersin.org)
However, unlike the favorable results in B-cell lymphocytic leukemia, the clinical benefit of anti-CD19 CAR (CD19 CAR)-T cell therapy in lymphoma is limited, partially due to the development of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
A case report further revealed that PD-1 blockade can be effective against refractory lymphoma that fails to respond to CAR-T cell therapy, which may be due to a new round expansion of the CD19 CAR-T cells ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
Antibodies that recognize antigens restricted to leukemia, lymphoma, and normal hematopoietic cells represent a unique opportunity to develop therapeutics, because they have the potential for relatively selective treatment of these diseases. (aacrjournals.org)
We conducted a clinical trial in which CD19 CAR-T cells were manufactured from defined T cell subsets and administered in a 1:1 CD4 + /CD8 + ratio of CAR-T cells to 32 adults with relapsed and/or refractory B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after cyclophosphamide (Cy)-based lymphodepletion chemotherapy with or without fludarabine (Flu). (sciencemag.org)
diffuse large B cell lymphoma lacking CD19 or PAX5 expression were more likely to have mutant TP53. (cusabio.com)
The internalization and processing of SAR3419, following its binding at the surface of CD19-positive human lymphoma cell lines and xenograft models, release active metabolites that trigger cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis, leading to cell death and tumor regression. (aacrjournals.org)
Numerous B-cell-specific anti-CD19 biologics are available to treat B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and early phase I results obtained with SAR3419 suggest that it is a promising candidate for further development in this disease. (aacrjournals.org)
To explore the impact of normal tissue expression of the target Ag, we developed a mouse CD19-specific CAR to investigate antitumor efficacy against a syngeneic B cell lymphoma cell line within a background of normal CD19(+) host B cells. (openrepository.com)
Eradication of established B-cell lymphoma by CD19-specific murine T cells is dependent on host lymphopenic environment and can be mediated by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. (openrepository.com)
PURPOSE: Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has demonstrated remarkable efficacy for refractory and relapsed diffuse large B cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL). (omgcb.com)
CD19 CAR-T, arguably the most successful CAR-T cell therapy to date in the clinic, involves genetically engineering autologous T cells ex vivo to express CARs against a B-lineage antigen CD19, which is expressed on tumor cells such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and B-cell precursor acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. (springer.com)
To date, CAR T-cell treatments have proven effective only against blood cancers like leukemia and lymphoma, and those treatments target an antigen that is found at high levels in only those specific cancers. (cancer.gov)
The response to lymphodepletion impacts PFS in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with CD19 CAR T cells. (vchri.ca)
Eradication of B-lineage cells and regression of lymphoma in a patient treated with autologous T cells genetically engineered to recognize CD19. (medscape.com)
Evolution to plasmablastic lymphoma evades CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T cells. (rochester.edu)

The primary objective of this study is to determine the ability to take a patient's own cells (T lymphocytes) and grow them in the laboratory with the CD19/CD22-CAR receptor gene through a process called 'lentiviral transduction (also considered gene therapy) and growing them to large numbers to use as a treatment for hematologic cancers in children and young adults. (centerwatch.com)
Researchers want to see if giving modified CD19/CD22-CAR T cells to people with these cancers can attack cancer cells. (centerwatch.com)
To study the safety and effects of giving CD19/CD22-CAR T cells to children and young adults with B-cell cancer. (centerwatch.com)
Sequential therapy using CD22-CARs to treat CD19 dim/lo escape is associated with rapid development of resistance due to CD22 downregulation. (centerwatch.com)
This trial will test whether simultaneous targeting of CD19 and CD22 using a novel bivalent CD19/22-CAR is safe and feasible. (centerwatch.com)
Patients will receive a lymphodepleting preparative regimen of fludarabine (25 mg/m^2/d x 3 on Days -4, -3, -2) and cyclophosphamide (900 mg/m^2/d x 1 on Day -2) followed by infusion of CD19/CD22-CAR T-cells on D0. (centerwatch.com)
Patients who are CAR pre-treated (with exception for those with an interval HSCT) will receive increased lymphodepleting preparative regimen of fludarabine (30 mg/m^2/d x 4 on Days -5, -4, -3, -2) and cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m^2/d x 2 on Days -3, -2) followed by infusion of CD19/CD22-CAR T-cells on D0. (centerwatch.com)
Ricin A chain-containing immunotoxins (IT-As) specific for the human B-cell antigens, CD22 and CD19, were constructed using the monoclonal antibodies, HD6 and HD37, respectively. (aacrjournals.org)
In most cases, their sensitivity correlated with the levels of CD19 and CD22 antigens expressed. (aacrjournals.org)
However, HD6 IT-As are more potent, reduce protein synthesis more completely, and hence appear to be the ITs of choice for treating tumors expressing the CD22 antigen. (aacrjournals.org)
T cells which target both CD19 and CD22 are also being studied in some early phase clinical studies. (news-medical.net)
In present study, we construct a CD22-targeting chimeric antigen receptor to overcome this issue. (centerwatch.com)

However, LMW-BCGF- and CD19-mediated signals do not depend on the expression of sIg, since they were also observed on sIg-B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. (pnas.org)
Long-Term Follow-up of CD19 CAR Therapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. (medscape.com)
End of phase I results of ZUMA-3, a phase 1/2 study of KTE-X19, anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, in adult patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). (medscape.com)

This response was achieved despite the absence of CD19 expression in 99.95% of the patient's neoplastic plasma cells. (nih.gov)
Investigation of this phenomenon reveals a complex biology responsible for loss or downregulation of CD19 expression observed in these cases. (centerwatch.com)
In this report, we demonstrate the cloning, expression, and binding of three anti-CD19 antibodies as scFvs. (aacrjournals.org)
Cytometry was used to determine size, number of particles per μl, and CD19 expression. (jnccn.org)
The EVs concentration, CD19 expression (EVsCD19+ vs EVsCD19-), or the size (EVssmall vs EVslarge) did not correlate with disease stage (early vs advanced Rai stage) or risk profile of CLL (low vs high risk). (jnccn.org)
Natural expression of the CD19 antigen impacts the long-term engraftment but not antitumor activity of CD19-specific engineered T cells. (openrepository.com)
Both in their functional XCR1 expression and their effective processing and presentation of exogenous antigen in the context of major histocompatibility complex class I, human CD141 + DCs correspond to mouse CD8 + DCs, a subset known for superior antigen cross-presentation in vivo. (rupress.org)
Flow cytometric analysis of CD19 expression on human peripheral blood lymphocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)
The fluorescence histogram showing CD19 expression (or Ig Isotype control staining) was derived from gated events with the forward and side light-scatter characteristics of intact lymphocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)
CD19 is expressed on B cells throughout most stages of B cell differentiation, though its expression is down-regulated during their terminal differentiation to plasma cells. (miltenyibiotec.com)
CD19 expression on B cell frequently lost after CD19-targeting CAR-T therapy. (centerwatch.com)
Among all the recurrent patients, two thirds is revealed to loss their CD19 expression on B cell surface. (centerwatch.com)
During B cell lymphopoiesis, CD19 surface expression starts during immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangement, which coincides during B lineage commitment from hematopoietic stem cell. (wikipedia.org)
CD19 expression in mature B cells is threefold higher than that in immature B cells. (wikipedia.org)
CD19 expression is even maintained in B lineage cells that undergo neoplastic transformation. (wikipedia.org)
Ultimately, CD19 expression is integral to the propagation of BCR-induced survival signals and the maintenance of homeostasis through tonic signaling. (wikipedia.org)

Antibodies that recognize the CD19 antigen found on normal and malignant B cells, but not on stem cells, have been used to develop immunoconjugates. (aacrjournals.org)
Why is chimeric antigen receptor better than just injecting anti-CD19 antibodies? (wordpress.com)
Natural antibodies are frequently directed to intracellular structures, rather than to cell‐surface antigens. (els.net)

Safety and persistence of adoptively transferred autologous CD19-targeted T cells in patients with relapsed or chemotherapy refractory B-cell leukemias. (medscape.com)

Wild type (red) and knockout cells (blue) were stained with CD19-PE, clone (REAL106). (miltenyibiotec.com)

A large fraction of newly rearranged BCRs bind to self-antigens, including nucleic acids, but these specificities are efficiently removed from the repertoire by receptor editing and deletion and tolerance mechanisms such as anergy control residual self-reactivity in the periphery ( 2 - 4 ). (jimmunol.org)
Specific for mouse CD19 without cross-reactivity to human and rat CD 19. (sysy.com)

Kite's most advanced product candidate, KTE-C19, is an anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy that involves genetically modifying a patient's T cells to express a CAR that is designed to target CD19, a protein expressed on the cell surface of B cell lymphomas and leukemias. (gilead.com)
CAR-T cells, which are genetically modified to express a specific CAR, can specifically recognize target antigens and kill target tumor cells. (frontiersin.org)
For this reason, we are attempting to use T cells obtained directly from the patient, which can be genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). (clinicaltrials.gov)
One such approach, CAR-T cell therapy, involves the use of viral vectors to genetically modify autologous T cells to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against a tumor antigen [ 2 ]. (springer.com)
One is that their target antigen must sit on the surface of the cancer cell, where the T cell's genetically engineered receptor-the chimeric antigen receptor , or CAR-can bind to it. (cancer.gov)
Besides CD19-specific CARs, other approaches are actively being pursued to redirect T cells to CD19, including recombinant bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) proteins or T cells genetically modified to express BiTEs [engager (ENG) T cells]. (aacrjournals.org)
Tecartus (brexucabtagene autoleucel) is a CD19-directed genetically modified. (drugs.com)
The present disclosure provides novel co-stimulatory domains useful in genetically-modified cells to promote cell proliferation and/or promote cytokine secretion after antigen recognition. (freepatentsonline.com)
For example, disclosed herein are genetically-modified cells comprising a chimeric antigen receptor or an inducible regulatory construct incorporating the co-stimulatory domains disclosed herein. (freepatentsonline.com)

Several myeloma target antigens are being investigated in clinical trials of patients with R/R multiple myeloma, including B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), CD38, CD138, SLAMF7, and natural killer group 2D. (medscape.com)

Between July 2, 2012, and June 20, 2014, 21 patients (including eight who had previously undergone allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation) were enrolled and infused with CD19-CAR T cells. (qxmd.com)

This protocol was successfully adapted for use in CLL patients with high peripheral blood leukemia cell counts by depleting CD19 + cells before the initial OKT3 stimulation. (ovid.com)
The CAR enables the T cell to recognize and kill the leukemic cell through the recognition of CD19, a protein expressed of the surface of the leukemic cell in patients with CD19+ leukemia. (clinicaltrials.gov)
CD19 appears to be expressed on myeloid leukemia cells, particularly those of monocytic lineage. (fishersci.com)
Leukemia phenotype studies have demonstrated that the earliest and broadest B cell restricted antigen is the CD19 antigen. (fishersci.com)
CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor-modified (CAR)-T cell therapy for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the ibrutinib era. (vchri.ca)
Durable Molecular Remissions in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated With CD19-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified T Cells After Failure of Ibrutinib. (vchri.ca)
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells for sustained remissions in leukemia. (medscape.com)

In this study, to help reduce cytokine release syndrome symptoms, the ATLCAR.CD19 cells have a safety switch that when active, can cause the cells to become dormant. (clinicaltrialsgps.com)
Cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-modified (CAR-) T cell therapy. (vchri.ca)

Assembles with the antigen receptor of B-lymphocytes in order to decrease the threshold for antigen receptor-dependent stimulation. (cusabio.com)
The CD19-CR2-TAPA-1 complex, CD45 and signaling by the antigen receptor of B lymphocytes. (abnova.com)

A patient with refractory multiple myeloma received an infusion of CTL019 cells, a cellular therapy consisting of autologous T cells transduced with an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor, after myeloablative chemotherapy (melphalan, 140 mg per square meter of body-surface area) and autologous stem-cell transplantation. (nih.gov)
Autologous T cells were engineered via an 11-day manufacturing process to express a CD19-CAR incorporating an anti-CD19 single-chain variable fragment plus TCR zeta and CD28 signalling domains. (qxmd.com)

Mutation of the CD19 gene results in hypogammaglobulinemia, whereas CD19 overexpression causes B cell hyperactivity. (fishersci.com)
CD19 antigen is present on human B lymphocytes at most sTages of maturation, from the earliest Ig gene rearrangement in pro-B cells to mature cell, as well as malignant B cells, but is lost on maturation to plasma cells. (complextraitgenomics.com)
In humans, CD19 is encoded by the 7.41 kilobase CD19 gene located on the short arm of chromosome 16. (wikipedia.org)

CD19 is a 95 kd Type I transmembrane glycoprotein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) with two extracellular C2-set Ig-like domains and a relatively large, 240 amino acid, cytoplasmic tail that is highly conserved among mammalian species. (wikipedia.org)

Differentiation antigens expressed on B-lymphocytes and B-cell precursors. (umassmed.edu)
CD19 is specifically expressed on the surface of B-lymphocytes at different stages of differentiation, and more than 95% of B-cell lymphomas express the CD19 antigen. (frontiersin.org)
Lymphocytes proliferate and differentiate in response to various concentrations of different antigens. (fishersci.com)
CD19 does not react with T lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes. (complextraitgenomics.com)
CD19: lowering the threshold for antigen receptor stimulation of B lymphocytes. (springer.com)
Self-renewal of B-1 lymphocytes is dependent on CD19. (abnova.com)

But the B7-H3 CAR T cells target an antigen that is found in many non-blood cancers (i.e., solid tumors), including some pediatric cancers. (cancer.gov)
Generally, CAR-T cells target an antigen found on B cells called CD19. (news-medical.net)

Adoptive therapy with chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells of defined subset composition. (springer.com)

The presence of a functional BCR is necessary during antigen-dependent differentiation and for continued survival in the peripheral immune system. (wikipedia.org)
Analysis of mixed bone marrow chimeras suggest that prior to an initial antigen encounter, CD19 promotes the survival of naive recirculating B cells and increases the in vivo life span of B cells in the peripheral B cell compartment. (wikipedia.org)

CAR T cells trigger apoptosis in tumor targets in an MHCindependent manner upon recognition and ligation to a specific tumor associated antigen (TAA). (pulsus.com)
Generally, CAR consists of tumor associated antigen (TAA) binding domain, hinge domain, transmembrane domain and signaling domain. (biomedcentral.com)

Tet-CD19CAR T cells in the presence of Dox were equivalently cytotoxic against CD19 + cell lines and had equivalent cytokine production and proliferation upon CD19 stimulation, compared with conventional CD19CAR T cells. (aacrjournals.org)
We employed a single-cell, 16-plex cytokine microfluidics device and new analysis techniques to evaluate the functional profile of CD19 CAR-T cells upon antigen-specific stimulation. (springer.com)

A single-cell analysis of the preinfusion CD19 CAR product from patients with NHL demonstrated that CAR products contain polyfunctional T-cell subsets capable of deploying multiple immune programs represented by cytokines and chemokines including interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-17A, IL-8, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α. (bloodjournal.org)
Their cancer tissue must express the CD19 protein. (centerwatch.com)
One of the most promising aspects of this particular CAR T-cell therapy is that it targets a single protein, or antigen, that is present at high levels in numerous cancers. (cancer.gov)
it recognizes a specific protein on the surface of malignant cells (eg, CD19 on B-cells). (medscape.com)
Part of B cell differentiation is controlling c-MYC protein stability and steady-state levels through CD19, which acts as a PAX5 target and downstream effector of the PI3K-AKT-GSK3β axis. (wikipedia.org)
CD19 signaling, independent of BCR functions, increases c-MYC protein stability. (wikipedia.org)
CD19 signaling involves the recruitment and activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and later downstream, the activation of protein kinase B (Akt). (wikipedia.org)

REA675 recognizes the human CD19 antigen, a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of 95 kDa that belongs to the immunglobulin superfamily. (miltenyibiotec.com)

Complete remission (CR) rates as high as 90% have been reported in children and adults with relapsed and refractory ALL treated with CAR-modified T cells targeting the B-cell-specific antigen CD19. (bloodjournal.org)
A total of 11 patients with refractory/relapsed B-NHL were recruited and subsequently received CD19 CAR-T cells and nivolumab. (frontiersin.org)
[email protected]#To study the safety and effectiveness of humanized CD19-targeted CAR - T cells (hCART19s) for treatment of patients with refractory/relapsed (R/R) B-ALL. (bvsalud.org)
METHODS @#The analyzed patients were 15 children and adults with relapsed/refractory B-ALL who not received treatment with murine CD19 CAR - T cells . (bvsalud.org)
Anti-CD19 CAR T cells with high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation for refractory multiple myeloma. (nih.gov)

Receptor-engineered T cells have the potential to cause lethal toxicity from on-target recognition of normal tissues, and there is a paucity of truly tumor-specific antigens shared across tumor types. (nature.com)
High-throughput epitope discovery reveals frequent recognition of neo-antigens by CD4 + T cells in human melanoma. (nature.com)
This mechanism is thought to be of major importance for the recognition of viral or bacterial antigens when DCs are not directly infected. (rupress.org)

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells targeting CD19, the best-studied CAR T-cell therapy to date, will be discussed, with a focus on clinical trials for ALL demonstrating efficacy as well as toxicity and toxicity management. (bloodjournal.org)
In fact, anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy has shown remarkable clinical efficacy in the treatment of these patients. (pulsus.com)
This review summarizes recent developments in the field of CAR T cell therapy with an emphasis on the utilization of various CD19 CAR T cell constructs in the clinical treatment of NHL and ALL. (pulsus.com)
However, because almost no antigens are truly tumor specific, it is necessary to prepare for some degree of adverse events related to CAR T-cell therapy. (aacrjournals.org)
Induction of resistance to chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy by transduction of a single leukemic B cell. (ucdenver.edu)
CD19-CAR T cell therapy is feasible, safe, and mediates potent anti-leukaemic activity in children and young adults with chemotherapy-resistant B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. (qxmd.com)
ReportsnReports.com adds CAR T Cell Therapy Market, Global Forecast by Regions, Targeted Antigens, Clinical Trials/Study and Companies research report of 159 pages to its online industry intelligence store. (benzinga.com)
Market segments are further studied by geographical regions and targeted antigens whereas CAR T cell therapy studies by targeted antigens globally and China specific. (benzinga.com)
Recently, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown promising results in hematological tumors and current research is going on in various solid tumors like ovarian cancer. (springer.com)
Factors associated with durable EFS in adult B-cell ALL patients achieving MRD-negative CR after CD19 CAR T-cell therapy. (vchri.ca)
What is the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for multiple myeloma? (medscape.com)
3D illustration of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (news-medical.net)

CD19 is expressed by B cells during all stages of development excluding the terminally differentiated plasma cells. (fishersci.com)

This review will discuss the current landscape of CD19 CAR clinical trials, CRS pathophysiology and management, and remaining challenges. (bloodjournal.org)

Campoli M, Ferrone S. HLA antigen changes in malignant cells: epigenetic mechanisms and biologic significance. (springer.com)
Chang CC, Campoli M, Ferrone S. Classical and nonclassical HLA class I antigen and NK Cell-activating ligand changes in malignant cells: current challenges and future directions. (springer.com)
It activates endogenous T cells by connecting CD3 in the T-cell receptor (TCR) complex with CD19 on benign and malignant B cells. (drugbank.ca)
CD19 is expressed on all normal, mitogen-stimulated, and malignant B cells, excluding plasma cells[inconsistent]. (wikipedia.org)

Blenrep (belantamab mafodotin-blmf) is a B-cell maturation antigen. (drugs.com)

Anatomy29

Organisms10

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs157

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes31

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care3

Skeletal muscle type ryanodine receptor is involved in calcium signaling in human B lymphocytes. (1/892)

Increased expression of regeneration and tolerance factor in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection. (2/892)

Predictive value of CD19 measurements for bacterial infections in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus. (3/892)

Long-term fetal microchimerism in peripheral blood mononuclear cell subsets in healthy women and women with scleroderma. (4/892)

Cutting edge: recruitment of the CD19/CD21 coreceptor to B cell antigen receptor is required for antigen-mediated expression of Bcl-2 by resting and cycling hen egg lysozyme transgenic B cells. (5/892)

Phosphorylation of CD19 Y484 and Y515, and linked activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, are required for B cell antigen receptor-mediated activation of Bruton's tyrosine kinase. (6/892)

Expression of Epstein-Barr virus BamHI-A rightward transcripts in latently infected B cells from peripheral blood. (7/892)

Distribution of lymphocytes and adhesion molecules in human cervix and vagina. (8/892)

Antigens

Antigens, CD

Antigens, CD8

Antigens, Neoplasm

Antigens, CD3

Antigens, Surface

Antigens, Bacterial

Antigens, CD38

Antigens, CD34

Antigens, CD19

Antigens, CD40

CD40 Ligand

Antigens, CD20

Antigens, Viral

Antigens, CD28

Antigens, CD44

Antigens, CD7

Antigens, CD14

Antigens, CD2

CD4-CD8 Ratio

Antigens, CD5

Antigens, Differentiation

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Antigens, CD1

Antibodies, Monoclonal

Antigens, CD56

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase

Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic

Antigens, CD80

Antigens, CD53

Antigens, CD24

Antigens, CD13

Antigens, Protozoan

T-Lymphocytes

Antigens, CD86

Flow Cytometry

B-Lymphocytes

Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming

Antigens, CD95

HLA Antigens

Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte

Antigens, CD45

Immunophenotyping

NAD+ Nucleosidase

Antigens, Fungal

Molecular Sequence Data

H-2 Antigens

Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3

Antigens, Helminth

Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell

Antigens, CD18

Lymphocyte Activation

Antigens, CD30

Membrane Glycoproteins

CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Epitopes

Antigens, CD9

Carcinoembryonic Antigen

HLA-DR Antigens

Antigens, CD15

Antigens, Viral, Tumor

Cell Line

Antigens, CD43

Antigens, CD36

Amino Acid Sequence

Antigens, CD11

Histocompatibility Antigens Class II

Histocompatibility Antigens

Antigens, CD59

Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell

Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen

Antigens, CD57

Antigens, CD70

Antigens, CD46

Lectins, C-Type

Antigens, CD58

Antigens, CD4

Antigens, CD47

Antigens, CD11b