Antigens cd151. Medical search

Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.

Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.

Differentiation antigens found on thymocytes and on cytotoxic and suppressor T-lymphocytes. CD8 antigens are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are associative recognition elements in MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) Class I-restricted interactions.

Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.

Complex of at least five membrane-bound polypeptides in mature T-lymphocytes that are non-covalently associated with one another and with the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL). The CD3 complex includes the gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, and eta chains (subunits). When antigen binds to the T-cell receptor, the CD3 complex transduces the activating signals to the cytoplasm of the T-cell. The CD3 gamma and delta chains (subunits) are separate from and not related to the gamma/delta chains of the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA).

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

A bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis and HYDROLYSIS of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from NAD+ to ADP-RIBOSE. It is a cell surface molecule which is predominantly expressed on LYMPHOID CELLS and MYELOID CELLS.

Glycoproteins found on immature hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. They are the only molecules to date whose expression within the blood system is restricted to a small number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow.

Differentiation antigens expressed on B-lymphocytes and B-cell precursors. They are involved in regulation of B-cell proliferation.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily with specificity for CD40 LIGAND. It is found on mature B-LYMPHOCYTES and some EPITHELIAL CELLS, lymphoid DENDRITIC CELLS. Evidence suggests that CD40-dependent activation of B-cells is important for generation of memory B-cells within the germinal centers. Mutations of the gene for CD40 antigen result in HYPER-IGM IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, TYPE 3. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

A membrane glycoprotein and differentiation antigen expressed on the surface of T-cells that binds to CD40 ANTIGENS on B-LYMPHOCYTES and induces their proliferation. Mutation of the gene for CD40 ligand is a cause of HYPER-IGM IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, TYPE 1.

Unglycosylated phosphoproteins expressed only on B-cells. They are regulators of transmembrane Ca2+ conductance and thought to play a role in B-cell activation and proliferation.

Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.

Costimulatory T-LYMPHOCYTE receptors that have specificity for CD80 ANTIGEN and CD86 ANTIGEN. Activation of this receptor results in increased T-cell proliferation, cytokine production and promotion of T-cell survival.

Acidic sulfated integral membrane glycoproteins expressed in several alternatively spliced and variable glycosylated forms on a wide variety of cell types including mature T-cells, B-cells, medullary thymocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, erythrocytes, and fibroblasts. CD44 antigens are the principle cell surface receptors for hyaluronate and this interaction mediates binding of lymphocytes to high endothelial venules. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)

Differentiation antigens expressed on pluripotential hematopoietic cells, most human thymocytes, and a major subset of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. They have been implicated in integrin-mediated cellular adhesion and as signalling receptors on T-cells.

Glycolipid-anchored membrane glycoproteins expressed on cells of the myelomonocyte lineage including monocytes, macrophages, and some granulocytes. They function as receptors for the complex of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS-binding protein.

Glycoprotein members of the immunoglobulin superfamily which participate in T-cell adhesion and activation. They are expressed on most peripheral T-lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and thymocytes, and function as co-receptors or accessory molecules in the T-cell receptor complex.

Ratio of T-LYMPHOCYTES that express the CD4 ANTIGEN to those that express the CD8 ANTIGEN. This value is commonly assessed in the diagnosis and staging of diseases affecting the IMMUNE SYSTEM including HIV INFECTIONS.

Glycoproteins expressed on all mature T-cells, thymocytes, and a subset of mature B-cells. Antibodies specific for CD5 can enhance T-cell receptor-mediated T-cell activation. The B-cell-specific molecule CD72 is a natural ligand for CD5. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)

Antigens expressed primarily on the membranes of living cells during sequential stages of maturation and differentiation. As immunologic markers they have high organ and tissue specificity and are useful as probes in studies of normal cell development as well as neoplastic transformation.

A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.

Glycoproteins expressed on cortical thymocytes and on some dendritic cells and B-cells. Their structure is similar to that of MHC Class I and their function has been postulated as similar also. CD1 antigens are highly specific markers for human LANGERHANS CELLS.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

The 140 kDa isoform of NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule) containing a transmembrane domain and short cytoplasmic tail. It is expressed by all lymphocytes mediating non-MHC restricted cytotoxicity and is present on some neural tissues and tumors.

Antigens expressed on the cell membrane of T-lymphocytes during differentiation, activation, and normal and neoplastic transformation. Their phenotypic characterization is important in differential diagnosis and studies of thymic ontogeny and T-cell function.

A membrane-bound or cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). This enzyme generally catalyzes the hydrolysis of cADPR to ADP-RIBOSE, as well, and sometimes the synthesis of cyclic ADP-ribose 2' phosphate (2'-P-cADPR) from NADP.

Surface antigens expressed on myeloid cells of the granulocyte-monocyte-histiocyte series during differentiation. Analysis of their reactivity in normal and malignant myelomonocytic cells is useful in identifying and classifying human leukemias and lymphomas.

A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CD28 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD80 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a costimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

Tetraspanin proteins found at high levels in cells of the lymphoid-myeloid lineage. CD53 antigens may be involved regulating the differentiation of T-LYMPHOCYTES and the activation of B-LYMPHOCYTES.

A cell adhesion protein that was originally identified as a heat stable antigen in mice. It is involved in METASTASIS and is highly expressed in many NEOPLASMS.

Zinc-binding metalloproteases that are members of the type II integral membrane metalloproteases. They are expressed by GRANULOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and their precursors as well as by various non-hematopoietic cells. They release an N-terminal amino acid from a peptide, amide or arylamide.

Any part or derivative of any protozoan that elicits immunity; malaria (Plasmodium) and trypanosome antigens are presently the most frequently encountered.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CD28 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD86 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a stimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.

Polyomavirus antigens which cause infection and cellular transformation. The large T antigen is necessary for the initiation of viral DNA synthesis, repression of transcription of the early region and is responsible in conjunction with the middle T antigen for the transformation of primary cells. Small T antigen is necessary for the completion of the productive infection cycle.

A tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype found in a variety of tissues and on activated LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for FAS LIGAND and plays a role in regulation of peripheral immune responses and APOPTOSIS. Multiple isoforms of the protein exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. The activated receptor signals via a conserved death domain that associates with specific TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS in the CYTOPLASM.

Antigens determined by leukocyte loci found on chromosome 6, the major histocompatibility loci in humans. They are polypeptides or glycoproteins found on most nucleated cells and platelets, determine tissue types for transplantation, and are associated with certain diseases.

Membrane antigens associated with maturation stages of B-lymphocytes, often expressed in tumors of B-cell origin.

High-molecular weight glycoproteins uniquely expressed on the surface of LEUKOCYTES and their hemopoietic progenitors. They contain a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase activity which plays a role in intracellular signaling from the CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. The CD45 antigens occur as multiple isoforms that result from alternative mRNA splicing and differential usage of three exons.

Process of classifying cells of the immune system based on structural and functional differences. The process is commonly used to analyze and sort T-lymphocytes into subsets based on CD antigens by the technique of flow cytometry.

Substances of fungal origin that have antigenic activity.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The major group of transplantation antigens in the mouse.

A 67-kDa sialic acid binding lectin that is specific for MYELOID CELLS and MONOCYTE-MACROPHAGE PRECURSOR CELLS. This protein is the smallest siglec subtype and contains a single immunoglobulin C2-set domain. It may play a role in intracellular signaling via its interaction with SHP-1 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE and SHP-2 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE.

Any part or derivative of a helminth that elicits an immune reaction. The most commonly seen helminth antigens are those of the schistosomes.

Molecules on the surface of T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with antigens. The receptors are non-covalently associated with a complex of several polypeptides collectively called CD3 antigens (ANTIGENS, CD3). Recognition of foreign antigen and the major histocompatibility complex is accomplished by a single heterodimeric antigen-receptor structure, composed of either alpha-beta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, ALPHA-BETA) or gamma-delta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA) chains.

Cell-surface glycoprotein beta-chains that are non-covalently linked to specific alpha-chains of the CD11 family of leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION). A defect in the gene encoding CD18 causes LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME.

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that may play a role in the regulation of NF-KAPPA B and APOPTOSIS. They are found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; MAST CELLS and NK CELLS. Overexpression of CD30 antigen in hematopoietic malignancies make the antigen clinically useful as a biological tumor marker. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.

A critical subpopulation of regulatory T-lymphocytes involved in MHC Class I-restricted interactions. They include both cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and CD8+ suppressor T-lymphocytes.

Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.

A subtype of tetraspanin proteins that play a role in cell adhesion, cell motility, and tumor metastasis. CD9 antigens take part in the process of platelet activation and aggregation, the formation of paranodal junctions in neuronal tissue, and the fusion of sperm with egg.

A glycoprotein that is secreted into the luminal surface of the epithelia in the gastrointestinal tract. It is found in the feces and pancreaticobiliary secretions and is used to monitor the response to colon cancer treatment.

A subclass of HLA-D antigens that consist of alpha and beta chains. The inheritance of HLA-DR antigens differs from that of the HLA-DQ ANTIGENS and HLA-DP ANTIGENS.

A trisaccharide antigen expressed on glycolipids and many cell-surface glycoproteins. In the blood the antigen is found on the surface of NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. In addition, CD15 antigen is a stage-specific embryonic antigen.

Those proteins recognized by antibodies from serum of animals bearing tumors induced by viruses; these proteins are presumably coded for by the nucleic acids of the same viruses that caused the neoplastic transformation.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A sialic acid-rich protein and an integral cell membrane mucin. It plays an important role in activation of T-LYMPHOCYTES.

Leukocyte differentiation antigens and major platelet membrane glycoproteins present on MONOCYTES; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; PLATELETS; and mammary EPITHELIAL CELLS. They play major roles in CELL ADHESION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; and regulation of angiogenesis. CD36 is a receptor for THROMBOSPONDINS and can act as a scavenger receptor that recognizes and transports oxidized LIPOPROTEINS and FATTY ACIDS.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A group of three different alpha chains (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c) that are associated with an invariant CD18 beta chain (ANTIGENS, CD18). The three resulting leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE ADHESION) are LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1; MACROPHAGE-1 ANTIGEN; and ANTIGEN, P150,95.

Large, transmembrane, non-covalently linked glycoproteins (alpha and beta). Both chains can be polymorphic although there is more structural variation in the beta chains. The class II antigens in humans are called HLA-D ANTIGENS and are coded by a gene on chromosome 6. In mice, two genes named IA and IE on chromosome 17 code for the H-2 antigens. The antigens are found on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, epidermal cells, and sperm and are thought to mediate the competence of and cellular cooperation in the immune response. The term IA antigens used to refer only to the proteins encoded by the IA genes in the mouse, but is now used as a generic term for any class II histocompatibility antigen.

A group of antigens that includes both the major and minor histocompatibility antigens. The former are genetically determined by the major histocompatibility complex. They determine tissue type for transplantation and cause allograft rejections. The latter are systems of allelic alloantigens that can cause weak transplant rejection.

Small glycoproteins found on both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. CD59 restricts the cytolytic activity of homologous complement by binding to C8 and C9 and blocking the assembly of the membrane attack complex. (From Barclay et al., The Leukocyte Antigen FactsBook, 1993, p234)

IMMUNOGLOBULINS on the surface of B-LYMPHOCYTES. Their MESSENGER RNA contains an EXON with a membrane spanning sequence, producing immunoglobulins in the form of type I transmembrane proteins as opposed to secreted immunoglobulins (ANTIBODIES) which do not contain the membrane spanning segment.

Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. PCNA is required for the coordinated synthesis of both leading and lagging strands at the replication fork during DNA replication. PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types.

Oligosaccharide antigenic determinants found principally on NK cells and T-cells. Their role in the immune response is poorly understood.

A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds to CD27 ANTIGEN. It is found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS where it plays a role in stimulating the proliferation of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES and CD8-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES.

A ubiquitously expressed complement receptor that binds COMPLEMENT C3B and COMPLEMENT C4B and serves as a cofactor for their inactivation. CD46 also interacts with a wide variety of pathogens and mediates immune response.

A class of animal lectins that bind to carbohydrate in a calcium-dependent manner. They share a common carbohydrate-binding domain that is structurally distinct from other classes of lectins.

Glycoproteins with a wide distribution on hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells and strongly expressed on macrophages. CD58 mediates cell adhesion by binding to CD2; (ANTIGENS, CD2); and this enhances antigen-specific T-cell activation.

55-kDa antigens found on HELPER-INDUCER T-LYMPHOCYTES and on a variety of other immune cell types. CD4 antigens are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are implicated as associative recognition elements in MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX class II-restricted immune responses. On T-lymphocytes they define the helper/inducer subset. CD4 antigens also serve as INTERLEUKIN-15 receptors and bind to the HIV receptors, binding directly to the HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120.

A ubiquitously expressed membrane glycoprotein. It interacts with a variety of INTEGRINS and mediates responses to EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS.

A CD antigen that contains a conserved I domain which is involved in ligand binding. When combined with CD18 the two subunits form MACROPHAGE-1 ANTIGEN.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A glycoprotein that is a kallikrein-like serine proteinase and an esterase, produced by epithelial cells of both normal and malignant prostate tissue. It is an important marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

An integrin alpha subunit of approximately 150-kDa molecular weight. It is expressed at high levels on monocytes and combines with CD18 ANTIGEN to form the cell surface receptor INTEGRIN ALPHAXBETA2. The subunit contains a conserved I-domain which is characteristic of several of alpha integrins.

The lipopolysaccharide-protein somatic antigens, usually from gram-negative bacteria, important in the serological classification of enteric bacilli. The O-specific chains determine the specificity of the O antigens of a given serotype. O antigens are the immunodominant part of the lipopolysaccharide molecule in the intact bacterial cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

A specific HLA-A surface antigen subtype. Members of this subtype contain alpha chains that are encoded by the HLA-A*02 allele family.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive.

The number of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES per unit volume of BLOOD. Determination requires the use of a fluorescence-activated flow cytometer.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

Carbohydrate antigens expressed by malignant tissue. They are useful as tumor markers and are measured in the serum by means of a radioimmunoassay employing monoclonal antibodies.

GPI-linked membrane proteins broadly distributed among hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. CD55 prevents the assembly of C3 CONVERTASE or accelerates the disassembly of preformed convertase, thus blocking the formation of the membrane attack complex.

Cell adhesion molecules present on virtually all monocytes, platelets, and granulocytes. CD31 is highly expressed on endothelial cells and concentrated at the junctions between them.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Membrane glycoproteins consisting of an alpha subunit and a BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN beta subunit. In humans, highly polymorphic genes on CHROMOSOME 6 encode the alpha subunits of class I antigens and play an important role in determining the serological specificity of the surface antigen. Class I antigens are found on most nucleated cells and are generally detected by their reactivity with alloantisera. These antigens are recognized during GRAFT REJECTION and restrict cell-mediated lysis of virus-infected cells.

Tetraspanin proteins that are involved in a variety of cellular functions including BASEMENT MEMBRANE assembly, and in the formation of a molecular complexes on the surface of LYMPHOCYTES.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specific for 4-1BB LIGAND. It is found in a variety of immune cell types including activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; NATURAL KILLER CELLS; and DENDRITIC CELLS. Activation of the receptor on T-LYMPHOCYTES plays a role in their expansion, production of cytokines and survival. Signaling by the activated receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

Polymorphic class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens present on almost all nucleated cells. At least 20 antigens have been identified which are encoded by the A locus of multiple alleles on chromosome 6. They serve as targets for T-cell cytolytic responses and are involved with acceptance or rejection of tissue/organ grafts.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).

Receptors present on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES and B-LYMPHOCYTES that are specific for INTERLEUKIN-2 and play an important role in LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION. They are heterotrimeric proteins consisting of the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT, the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR BETA SUBUNIT, and the INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA-CHAIN.

Sets of cell surface antigens located on BLOOD CELLS. They are usually membrane GLYCOPROTEINS or GLYCOLIPIDS that are antigenically distinguished by their carbohydrate moieties.

Those hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen.

Ubiquitously-expressed tetraspanin proteins that are found in late ENDOSOMES and LYSOSOMES and have been implicated in intracellular transport of proteins.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

Tetraspanin proteins found associated with LAMININ-binding INTEGRINS. The CD151 antigens may play a role in the regulation of CELL MOTILITY.

A component of the B-cell antigen receptor that is involved in B-cell antigen receptor heavy chain transport to the PLASMA MEMBRANE. It is expressed almost exclusively in B-LYMPHOCYTES and serves as a useful marker for B-cell NEOPLASMS.

An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Human immune-response or Class II antigens found mainly, but not exclusively, on B-lymphocytes and produced from genes of the HLA-D locus. They are extremely polymorphic families of glycopeptides, each consisting of two chains, alpha and beta. This group of antigens includes the -DR, -DQ and -DP designations, of which HLA-DR is most studied; some of these glycoproteins are associated with certain diseases, possibly of immune etiology.

A membrane-bound tumor necrosis family member found primarily on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that binds specifically to CD30 ANTIGEN. It may play a role in INFLAMMATION and immune regulation.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A class of enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond of nitrogen-linked sugars.

A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.

Molecules on the surface of B- and T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with specific antigens.

Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).

The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS.

An alpha-integrin subunit found on lymphocytes, granulocytes, macrophages and monocytes. It combines with the integrin beta2 subunit (CD18 ANTIGEN) to form LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Antigens of the virion of the HEPATITIS B VIRUS or the Dane particle, its surface (HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS), core (HEPATITIS B CORE ANTIGENS), and other associated antigens, including the HEPATITIS B E ANTIGENS.

The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.

The processes triggered by interactions of ANTIBODIES with their ANTIGENS.

Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.

Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

A heterogeneous group of immunocompetent cells that mediate the cellular immune response by processing and presenting antigens to the T-cells. Traditional antigen-presenting cells include MACROPHAGES; DENDRITIC CELLS; LANGERHANS CELLS; and B-LYMPHOCYTES. FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS are not traditional antigen-presenting cells, but because they hold antigen on their cell surface in the form of IMMUNE COMPLEXES for B-cell recognition they are considered so by some authors.

The type species of LYMPHOCRYPTOVIRUS, subfamily GAMMAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting B-cells in humans. It is thought to be the causative agent of INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS and is strongly associated with oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY;), BURKITT LYMPHOMA; and other malignancies.

T-cell receptors composed of CD3-associated alpha and beta polypeptide chains and expressed primarily in CD4+ or CD8+ T-cells. Unlike immunoglobulins, the alpha-beta T-cell receptors recognize antigens only when presented in association with major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

Class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens encoded by more than 30 detectable alleles on locus B of the HLA complex, the most polymorphic of all the HLA specificities. Several of these antigens (e.g., HLA-B27, -B7, -B8) are strongly associated with predisposition to rheumatoid and other autoimmune disorders. Like other class I HLA determinants, they are involved in the cellular immune reactivity of cytolytic T lymphocytes.

The altered state of immunologic responsiveness resulting from initial contact with antigen, which enables the individual to produce antibodies more rapidly and in greater quantity in response to secondary antigenic stimulus.

Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.

The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

A melanosome-specific protein that plays a role in the expression, stability, trafficking, and processing of GP100 MELANOMA ANTIGEN, which is critical to the formation of Stage II MELANOSOMES. The protein is used as an antigen marker for MELANOMA cells.

A widely distributed cell surface transmembrane glycoprotein that stimulates the synthesis of MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES. It is found at high levels on the surface of malignant NEOPLASMS and may play a role as a mediator of malignant cell behavior.

A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.

An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.

Antigens associated with specific proteins of the human adult T-cell immunodeficiency virus (HIV); also called HTLV-III-associated and lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) antigens.

An inhibitory T CELL receptor that is closely related to CD28 ANTIGEN. It has specificity for CD80 ANTIGEN and CD86 ANTIGEN and acts as a negative regulator of peripheral T cell function. CTLA-4 antigen is believed to play role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

A promyelocytic cell line derived from a patient with ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. HL-60 cells lack specific markers for LYMPHOID CELLS but express surface receptors for FC FRAGMENTS and COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS. They also exhibit phagocytic activity and responsiveness to chemotactic stimuli. (From Hay et al., American Type Culture Collection, 7th ed, pp127-8)

A widely expressed transmembrane glycoprotein that functions as a METASTASIS suppressor protein. It is underexpressed in a variety of human NEOPLASMS.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

A group of differentiation surface antigens, among the first to be discovered on thymocytes and T-lymphocytes. Originally identified in the mouse, they are also found in other species including humans, and are expressed on brain neurons and other cells.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

The specific failure of a normally responsive individual to make an immune response to a known antigen. It results from previous contact with the antigen by an immunologically immature individual (fetus or neonate) or by an adult exposed to extreme high-dose or low-dose antigen, or by exposure to radiation, antimetabolites, antilymphocytic serum, etc.

Manifestations of the immune response which are mediated by antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes via lymphokines or direct cytotoxicity. This takes place in the absence of circulating antibody or where antibody plays a subordinate role.

A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat.

Endogenous tissue constituents that have the ability to interact with AUTOANTIBODIES and cause an immune response.

A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Nuclear antigens encoded by VIRAL GENES found in HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 4. At least six nuclear antigens have been identified.

A soluble substance elaborated by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-LYMPHOCYTES which induces DNA synthesis in naive lymphocytes.

A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

A sex-specific cell surface antigen produced by the sex-determining gene of the Y chromosome in mammals. It causes syngeneic grafts from males to females to be rejected and interacts with somatic elements of the embryologic undifferentiated gonad to produce testicular organogenesis.

A cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is expressed in ENDOTHELIAL CELLS and is involved in INTERCELLULAR JUNCTIONS.

Antigens stimulating the formation of, or combining with heterophile antibodies. They are cross-reacting antigens found in phylogenetically unrelated species.

CD4-positive T cells that inhibit immunopathology or autoimmune disease in vivo. They inhibit the immune response by influencing the activity of other cell types. Regulatory T-cells include naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ cells, IL-10 secreting Tr1 cells, and Th3 cells.

Antibodies obtained from a single clone of cells grown in mice or rats.

Antigenic determinants recognized and bound by the T-cell receptor. Epitopes recognized by the T-cell receptor are often located in the inner, unexposed side of the antigen, and become accessible to the T-cell receptors after proteolytic processing of the antigen.

The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

A heterodimeric protein that is a cell surface antigen associated with lymphocyte activation. The initial characterization of this protein revealed one identifiable heavy chain (ANTIGENS, CD98 HEAVY CHAIN) and an indeterminate smaller light chain. It is now known that a variety of light chain subunits (ANTIGENS, CD98 LIGHT CHAINS) can dimerize with the heavy chain. Depending upon its light chain composition a diverse array of functions can be found for this protein. Functions include: type L amino acid transport, type y+L amino acid transport and regulation of cellular fusion.

The hepatitis B antigen within the core of the Dane particle, the infectious hepatitis virion.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.

They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.

A group of the D-related HLA antigens found to differ from the DR antigens in genetic locus and therefore inheritance. These antigens are polymorphic glycoproteins comprising alpha and beta chains and are found on lymphoid and other cells, often associated with certain diseases.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.

A glycolipid, cross-species antigen that induces production of antisheep hemolysin. It is present on the tissue cells of many species but absent in humans. It is found in many infectious agents.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

An inhibitory B7 antigen that has specificity for the T-CELL receptor PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH 1 PROTEIN. CD274 antigen provides negative signals that control and inhibit T-cell responses and is found at higher than normal levels on tumor cells, suggesting its potential role in TUMOR IMMUNE EVASION.

Serologic tests based on inactivation of complement by the antigen-antibody complex (stage 1). Binding of free complement can be visualized by addition of a second antigen-antibody system such as red cells and appropriate red cell antibody (hemolysin) requiring complement for its completion (stage 2). Failure of the red cells to lyse indicates that a specific antigen-antibody reaction has taken place in stage 1. If red cells lyse, free complement is present indicating no antigen-antibody reaction occurred in stage 1.

A species of POLYOMAVIRUS originally isolated from Rhesus monkey kidney tissue. It produces malignancy in human and newborn hamster kidney cell cultures.

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.

Antigens that exist in alternative (allelic) forms in a single species. When an isoantigen is encountered by species members who lack it, an immune response is induced. Typical isoantigens are the BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS.

Cells artificially created by fusion of activated lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. The resulting hybrid cells are cloned and produce pure MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES or T-cell products, identical to those produced by the immunologically competent parent cell.

A melanosome-associated protein that plays a role in the maturation of the MELANOSOME.

The genetic region which contains the loci of genes which determine the structure of the serologically defined (SD) and lymphocyte-defined (LD) TRANSPLANTATION ANTIGENS, genes which control the structure of the IMMUNE RESPONSE-ASSOCIATED ANTIGENS, HUMAN; the IMMUNE RESPONSE GENES which control the ability of an animal to respond immunologically to antigenic stimuli, and genes which determine the structure and/or level of the first four components of complement.

Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.

A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.

Form of passive immunization where previously sensitized immunologic agents (cells or serum) are transferred to non-immune recipients. When transfer of cells is used as a therapy for the treatment of neoplasms, it is called adoptive immunotherapy (IMMUNOTHERAPY, ADOPTIVE).

PETA-3/CD151, a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, is localised to the plasma membrane and endocytic system of endothelial cells, associates with multiple integrins and modulates cell function. (1/110)

The Transmembrane 4 Superfamily member, PETA-3/CD151, is ubiquitously expressed by endothelial cells in vivo. In cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells PETA-3 is present on the plasma membrane and predominantly localises to regions of cell-cell contact. Additionally, this protein is abundant within an intracellular compartment which accounts for up to 66% of the total PETA-3 expressed. Intracellular PETA-3 showed colocalisation with transferrin receptor and CD63 suggesting an endosomal/lysosomal localisation which was supported by immuno-electronmicroscopy studies. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments investigating possible interactions of PETA-3 with other molecules demonstrated associations with several integrin chains including beta1, beta3, beta4, (alpha)2, (alpha)3, (alpha)5, (alpha)6 and provide the first report of Transmembrane 4 Superfamily association with the (alpha)6beta4 integrin. Using 2-colour confocal microscopy, we demonstrated similar localisation of PETA-3 and integrin chains within cytoplasmic vesicles and endothelial cell junctions. In order to assess the functional implications of PETA-3/integrin associations, the effect of anti-PETA-3 antibodies on endothelial function was examined. Anti-PETA-3 mAb inhibited endothelial cell migration and modulated in vitro angiogenesis, but had no detectable effect on neutrophil transendothelial migration. The broad range of integrin associations and the presence of PETA-3 with integrins both on the plasma membrane and within intracellular vesicles, suggests a primary role for PETA-3 in regulating integrin trafficking and/or function. (+info)

Selective tetraspan-integrin complexes (CD81/alpha4beta1, CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions disrupting tetraspan interactions. (2/110)

The tetraspans are molecules with four transmembrane domains which are engaged in multimolecular complexes (the tetraspan web) containing a subset of beta1 integrins (in particular alpha3beta1, alpha4beta1 and alpha6beta1), MHC antigens and several unidentified molecules. The molecules associated with tetraspans are readily detected after immunoprecipitation performed in mild detergents such as Brij 97 or CHAPS. In this study we show that another classical mild detergent, digitonin, dissociated most of these associated molecules, including integrins, from the tetraspans CD9, CD37, CD53, CD63, CD82, Co-029, Talla-1 and NAG-2. In contrast, reciprocal immunoprecipitations from various cell lines demonstrated that two other tetraspans, CD81 and CD151, formed complexes with integrins not disrupted by digitonin. These complexes were CD81/alpha4beta1, CD151/alpha3beta1 and CD151/alpha6beta1. Furthermore, a new anti-CD151 monoclonal antibody (mAb), TS151r, was shown to have a restricted pattern of expression, inversely related to the sum of the levels of expression of alpha6beta1 and alpha3beta1. This mAb was unable to co-precipitate integrins in digitonin, suggesting that its epitope is blocked by the association with integrins. Indeed, the binding of TS151r to the cell surface was quantitatively diminished following alpha3beta1 overexpression. Altogether, these data suggest that, among tetraspans, CD81 interacts directly with the integrin alpha4beta1, and CD151 interacts directly with integrins alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta1. Because all tetraspan-tetraspan associations are disrupted by digitonin, it is likely that the other tetraspans interact indirectly with integrins, through interactions with CD81 or CD151. (+info)

Eukaryotic expression cloning with an antimetastatic monoclonal antibody identifies a tetraspanin (PETA-3/CD151) as an effector of human tumor cell migration and metastasis. (3/110)

A monoclonal antibody (mAb), 50-6, generated by subtractive immunization, was found to specifically inhibit in vivo metastasis of a human epidermoid carcinoma cell line, HEp-3. The cDNA of the cognate antigen of mAb 50-6 was isolated by a modified eukaryotic expression cloning protocol from a HEp-3 library. Sequence analysis identified the antigen as PETA-3/CD151, a recently described member of the tetraspanin family of proteins. The cloned antigen was also recognized by a previously described antimetastatic antibody, mAb 1A5. Inhibition of HEp-3 metastasis by the mAbs could not be attributed to any effect of the antibodies on tumor cell growth in vitro or in vivo. Rather, the antibodies appeared to inhibit an early step in the formation of metastatic foci. In a chemotaxis assay, HEp-3 migration was blocked by both antibodies. HeLa cells transfected with and overexpressing PETA-3/CD151 were more migratory than control transfectants expressing little CD151. The increase in HeLa migration was inhibitable by both mAb 50-6 and mAb 1A5. PETA-3 appears not to be involved in cell attachment because adhesion did not correlate with levels of PETA-3 expression and was unaffected by mAb 50-6 or mAb 1A5. The ability of PETA-3 to mediate cell migration suggests a mechanism by which this protein may influence metastasis. These data identify PETA-3/CD151 as the first member of the tetraspanin family to be linked as a positive effector of metastasis. (+info)

Direct extracellular contact between integrin alpha(3)beta(1) and TM4SF protein CD151. (4/110)

Previously we established that the alpha(3)beta(1) integrin shows stable, specific, and stoichiometric association with the TM4SF (tetraspannin) protein CD151. Here we used a membrane impermeable cross-linking agent to show a direct association between extracellular domains of alpha(3)beta(1) and CD151. The alpha(3)beta(1)-CD151 association site was then mapped using chimeric alpha(6)/alpha(3) integrins and CD151/NAG2 TM4SF proteins. Complex formation required an extracellular alpha(3) site (amino acids (aa) 570-705) not previously known to be involved in specific integrin contacts with other proteins and a region (aa 186-217) within the large extracellular loop of CD151. Notably, the anti-CD151 monoclonal antibody TS151r binding epitope, previously implicated in alpha(3) integrin association, was mapped to the same region of CD151 (aa 186-217). Finally, we demonstrated that both NH(2)- and COOH-terminal domains of CD151 are located on the inside of the plasma membrane, thus confirming a long suspected model of TM4SF protein topology. (+info)

Transmembrane-4-superfamily proteins CD151 and CD81 associate with alpha 3 beta 1 integrin, and selectively contribute to alpha 3 beta 1-dependent neurite outgrowth. (5/110)

Proteins in the transmembrane-4-superfamily (TM4SF) form many different complexes with proteins in the integrin family, but the functional utility of these complexes has not yet been demonstrated. Here we show that TM4SF proteins CD151, CD81, and CD63 co-distribute with alpha3beta1 integrin on neurites and growth cones of human NT2N cells. Also, stable CD151-alpha3beta1 and CD81-alpha3beta1 complexes were recovered in NT2N detergent lysates. Total NT2N neurite outgrowth on laminin-5 (a ligand for alpha3beta1 integrin) was strongly inhibited by anti-CD151 and -CD81 antibodies either together ( approximately 85% inhibition) or alone ( approximately 45% inhibition). Notably, these antibodies had no inhibitory effect on NT2N neurites formed on laminin-1 or fibronectin, when alpha3beta1integrin was not engaged. Neurite number, length, and rate of extension were all affected by anti-TM4SF antibodies. In summary: (1) these substrate-dependent inhibition results strongly suggest that CD151 and CD81 associations with alpha3beta1 are functionally relevant, (2) TM4SF proteins CD151 and CD81 make a strong positive contribution toward neurite number, length, and rate of outgrowth, and (3) NT2N cells, a well-established model of immature central nervous system neurons, can be a powerful system for studies of integrin function in neurite outgrowth and growth cone motility. (+info)

The tetraspan molecule CD151, a novel constituent of hemidesmosomes, associates with the integrin alpha6beta4 and may regulate the spatial organization of hemidesmosomes. (6/110)

CD151 is a cell surface protein that belongs to the tetraspan superfamily. It associates with other tetraspan molecules and certain integrins to form large complexes at the cell surface. CD151 is expressed by a variety of epithelia and mesenchymal cells. We demonstrate here that in human skin CD151 is codistributed with alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta4 at the basolateral surface of basal keratinocytes. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that CD151 is concentrated in hemidesmosomes. By immunoprecipitation from transfected K562 cells, we established that CD151 associates with alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta4. In beta4-deficient pyloric atresia associated with junctional epidermolysis bullosa (PA-JEB) keratinocytes, CD151 and alpha3beta1 are clustered together at the basal cell surface in association with patches of laminin-5. Focal adhesions are present at the periphery of these clusters, connected with actin filaments, and they contain both CD151 and alpha3beta1. Transient transfection studies of PA-JEB cells with beta4 revealed that the integrin alpha6beta4 becomes incorporated into the alpha3beta1-CD151 clusters where it induces the formation of hemidesmosomes. As a result, the amount of alpha3beta1 in the clusters diminishes and the protein becomes restricted to the peripheral focal adhesions. Furthermore, CD151 becomes predominantly associated with alpha6beta4 in hemidesmosomes, whereas its codistribution with alpha3beta1 in focal adhesions becomes partial. The localization of alpha6beta4 in the pre-hemidesmosomal clusters is accompanied by a strong upregulation of CD151, which is at least partly due to increased cell surface expression. Using beta4 chimeras containing the extracellular and transmembrane domain of the IL-2 receptor and the cytoplasmic domain of beta4, we found that for recruitment of CD151 into hemidesmosomes, the beta4 subunit must be associated with alpha6, confirming that integrins associate with tetraspans via their alpha subunits. CD151 is the only tetraspan identified in hemidesmosomal structures. Others, such as CD9 and CD81, remain diffusely distributed at the cell surface. In conclusion, we show that CD151 is a major component of (pre)-hemidesmosomal structures and that its recruitment into hemidesmosomes is regulated by the integrin alpha6beta4. We suggest that CD151 plays a role in the formation and stability of hemidesmosomes by providing a framework for the spatial organization of the different hemidesmosomal components. (+info)

Tetraspanins are localized at motility-related structures and involved in normal human keratinocyte wound healing migration. (7/110)

We have described previously that beta1 integrins, which mediate keratinocyte cell adhesion and migration, are in ligand-occupied conformation at the basal surface but not at the lateral and apical surfaces of keratinocytes. This led us to study the cellular localization and function of tetraspanin molecules, which have been postulated to modulate integrin activity. We found that CD9 and CD81 are highly expressed by keratinocytes clearly delineating filopodia at lateral and apical surfaces. CD63 and CD151 are largely expressed in the intracellular compartment, although some membrane expression is observed. We found accumulation of CD9, CD81, and CD151 together with alpha3 and beta1 integrins at intercellular junctions. In low calcium medium, this intercellular space is crossed by a zipper of filopodia enriched in alpha3beta1 and tetraspanin proteins. Interestingly, the expression of CD9, CD81, and beta1 and alpha3 integrins was detected in the footprints and rippings of motile keratinocytes, suggesting their role in both adhesion to extracellular matrix and keratinocyte motility. beta1 integrins were only partially activated in the rips, whereas cytoskeleton-linking proteins such as talin were completely absent. On the other hand, antitetraspanin antibodies did not stain focal adhesions, which contain talin. The involvement of tetraspanins in keratinocyte motility was assessed in a wound healing migration assay. Inhibition of cell migration was observed with antibodies to CD9, CD81, beta1, and alpha3, and, to a lesser extent, to CD151. Together these results indicate that tetraspanin-integrin complexes might be involved in transient adhesion and integrin recycling during keratinocyte migration, as well as in intercellular recognition. (+info)

Transmembrane-4 superfamily proteins associate with activated protein kinase C (PKC) and link PKC to specific beta(1) integrins. (8/110)

Translocation of conventional protein kinases C (PKCs) to the plasma membrane leads to their specific association with transmembrane-4 superfamily (TM4SF; tetraspanin) proteins (CD9, CD53, CD81, CD82, and CD151), as demonstrated by reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation and covalent cross-linking experiments. Although formation and maintenance of TM4SF-PKC complexes are not dependent on integrins, TM4SF proteins can act as linker molecules, recruiting PKC into proximity with specific integrins. Previous studies showed that the extracellular large loop of TM4SF proteins determines integrin associations. In contrast, specificity for PKC association probably resides within cytoplasmic tails or the first two transmembrane domains of TM4SF proteins, as seen from studies with chimeric CD9 molecules. Consistent with a TM4SF linker function, only those integrins (alpha(3)beta(1), alpha(6)beta(1), and a chimeric "X3TC5" alpha(3) mutant) that associated strongly with tetraspanins were found in association with PKC. We propose that PKC-TM4SF-integrin structures represent a novel type of signaling complex. The simultaneous binding of TM4SF proteins to the extracellular domains of the integrin alpha(3) subunit and to intracellular PKC helps to explain why the integrin alpha3 extracellular domain is needed for both intracellular PKC recruitment and PKC-dependent phosphorylation of the alpha(3) integrin cytoplasmic tail. (+info)

CD151 aids in hemidesmosome formation. BPAG1e is an antigen with multiple isoforms that binds to integrin α6β4, BPAG2 and ... CD151, a protein of the tetraspanin superfamily, resides on the cell surface of keratinocytes and vascular endothelium. ... The α6 subunit binds to extracellular BP180, CD151 and laminin-322. When integrin α6β4 binds to Plectin 1a and BPAG1, it ... Type 1 hemidesmosomes have five main elements: integrin α6β4, plectin in its isoform 1a, i. e. P1a, tetraspanin protein CD151, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemidesmosome

Raph blood group system in the BGMUT blood group antigen gene mutation database Human CD151 genome location and CD151 gene ... Abnormalities in CD151 have been implicated in a form of epidermolysis bullosa. CD151 has been shown to interact with CD46. ... CD151 molecule (Raph blood group), also known as CD151 (Cluster of Differentiation 151), is a human gene. The protein encoded ... "Entrez Gene: CD151 CD151 molecule (Raph blood group)". Bardhan, Ajoy; Bruckner-Tuderman, Leena; Chapple, Iain L. C.; Fine, Jo- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD151

This antigen along with other blood group antigens was used to identify the Basque people as a genetically separate group.[49] ... Because the Duffy antigen is uncommon in those of Black African descent, the presence of this antigen has been used to detect ... The Fy4 antigen, originally described on Fy (a-b-) RBCs, is now thought to be a distinct, unrelated antigen and is no longer ... The Duffy antigen is expressed in greater quantities on reticulocytes than on mature erythrocytes.[21] While the Duffy antigen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benign_ethnic_neutropenia

"The primary structure of the human leukocyte antigen CD37, a species homologue of the rat MRC OX-44 antigen". The Journal of ... CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions disrupting tetraspan interactions". The Biochemical Journal. 340 (1): ... Leukocyte antigen CD37 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD37 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of ... Angelisová P, Hilgert I, Horejsí V (1994). "Association of four antigens of the tetraspans family (CD37, CD53, TAPA-1, and R2/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD37

In prostate cancer, the tumor-initiating cells have been identified in CD44+ cell subset as CD44+α2β1+, TRA-1-60+CD151+CD166+ ... stage-specific embryonic antigen-1), EGFR and CD44. The use of CD133 for identification of brain tumor stem-like cells may be ... "Delineation of a cellular hierarchy in lung cancer reveals an oncofetal antigen expressed on tumor-initiating cells". Cancer ... also known as epithelial specific antigen, ESA). CD133 (prominin 1) is a five-transmembrane domain glycoprotein expressed on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_stem_cell

Gustafson-Wagner E, Stipp CS (2013). "The CD9/CD81 tetraspanin complex and tetraspanin CD151 regulate α3β1 integrin-dependent ... "Molecular cloning of the CD9 antigen. A new family of cell surface proteins". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 266 (1): 117 ... CD151) in normal human tissues: comparison with CD9, CD63, and alpha5beta1 integrin". The Journal of Histochemistry and ... "Molecular cloning of the mouse equivalent of CD9 antigen". Thrombosis Research. 71 (5): 377-83. doi:10.1016/0049-3848(93)90162- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD9

1999). "Selective tetraspan-integrin complexes (CD81/alpha4beta1, CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions ... This encoded protein is a cell surface glycoprotein and is similar in sequence to its family member CD53 antigen. It is known ... 2000). "Direct extracellular contact between integrin alpha(3)beta(1) and TM4SF protein CD151". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (13): 9230-8 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TSPAN4

CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions disrupting tetraspan interactions". The Biochemical Journal. 340 ( Pt 1 ... "Molecular cloning of cDNA for the human tumor-associated antigen CO-029 and identification of related transmembrane antigens". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TSPAN8

1990). "The human leucocyte surface antigen CD53 is a protein structurally similar to the CD37 and MRC OX-44 antigens". ... 1999). "Selective tetraspan-integrin complexes (CD81/alpha4beta1, CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions ... Leukocyte surface antigen CD53 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD53 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a ... A pan-leukocyte antigen related to membrane transport proteins". J. Immunol. 145 (12): 4322-5. PMID 2258620. Dianzani U, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD53

... antigen is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the CD63 gene. CD63 is mainly associated with membranes of ... CD151) in normal human tissues: comparison with CD9, CD63, and alpha5beta1 integrin". The Journal of Histochemistry and ... Hotta H, Miyamoto H, Hara I, Takahashi N, Homma M (May 1992). "Genomic structure of the ME491/CD63 antigen gene and functional ... Metzelaar MJ, Wijngaard PL, Peters PJ, Sixma JJ, Nieuwenhuis HK, Clevers HC (February 1991). "CD63 antigen. A novel lysosomal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD63

CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions disrupting tetraspan interactions". The Biochemical Journal. 340 ( Pt 1 ... November 1992). "C33 antigen recognized by monoclonal antibodies inhibitory to human T cell leukemia virus type 1-induced ... "A new superfamily of lymphoid and melanoma cell proteins with extensive homology to Schistosoma mansoni antigen Sm23". European ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD82_(gene)

1999). "Selective tetraspan-integrin complexes (CD81/alpha4beta1, CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions ... 1994). "Mouse homologue of C33 antigen (CD82), a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily: complementary DNA, genomic ... CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions disrupting tetraspan interactions". Biochem. J. 340 (Pt 1): 103-11. doi: ... The tetraspanin family includes CD9, CD37, CD53, CD63, CD81 (this protein), CD82 and CD151. CD81 interacts directly with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD81

... has been shown to interact with CD9, CD151 and CD29. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000117335 - Ensembl, May 2017 ... antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Human CD46 genome location and CD46 gene details ... "Identification of Clinically Significant Tumor Antigens by Selecting Phage Antibody Library on Tumor Cells in Situ Using Laser ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD46

The extracellular region contains a meprin-A5 antigen-PTP mu (MAM) domain, an Ig-like domain and four fibronectin type III-like ... α3β1 integrin and the tetraspanin CD151 regulate PTPmu gene expression to promote E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion. In ... Chattopadhyay N, Wang Z, Ashman LK, Brady-Kalnay SM, Kreidberg JA (2003). "alpha3beta1 integrin-CD151, a component of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTPRM

CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions disrupting tetraspan interactions". The Biochemical Journal. 340 (Pt 1 ... CD29+Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Human ITGB1 genome location and ITGB1 gene ... These and other integrin beta 1 complexes have been historically known as very late activation (VLA) antigens. Integrin beta 1 ... "Entrez Gene: ITGB1 integrin, beta 1 (fibronectin receptor, beta polypeptide, antigen CD29 includes MDF2, MSK12)". Hynes RO (Apr ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrin_beta_1

CD151 • CD152 • CD153 • CD154 • CD155 • CD156 (a, b, c) • CD157 • CD158 (a, d, e, i, k) • CD159 (a, c) • CD160 • CD161 • CD162 ... CD97 antigen je protein koji je kod ljudi kodiran CD97 genom.[1][2][3] ... 2001). „Tissue distribution of the human CD97 EGF-TM7 receptor". Tissue Antigens. 57 (4): 325-31. PMID 11380941. doi:10.1034/j. ... Expression cloning and chromosomal mapping of the leukocyte activation antigen CD97, a new seven-span transmembrane molecule of ...

https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD97

Tissue Antigens (англ.)русск. : journal. - 2007. - Vol. 68, no. 6. - P. 509-517. - DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00726.x. - PMID ...

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP1B3

CD151 • CD152 • CD153 • CD154 • CD155 • CD156 (a, b, c) • CD157 • CD158 (a, d, e, i, k) • CD159 (a, c) • CD160 • CD161 • CD162 ... 1991). „Expression of the YB5.B8 antigen (c-kit proto-oncogene product) in normal human bone marrow". Blood. 78 (1): 30-7. PMID ... 2003). „Signal transduction-associated and cell activation-linked antigens expressed in human mast cells". Int. J. Hematol. 75 ...

https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD117

Seligman P. A., Butler C. D., Massey E. J., etal. The p97 antigen is mapped to the q24-qter region of chromosome 3; the same ... Le Beau M. M., Diaz M. O., Plowman G. D., etal. Chromosomal sublocalization of the human p97 melanoma antigen. (англ.) // Hum. ... Plowman G. D., Brown J. P., Enns C. A., etal. Assignment of the gene for human melanoma-associated antigen p97 to chromosome 3 ... Rose T. M., Plowman G. D., Teplow D. B., etal. Primary structure of the human melanoma-associated antigen p97 ( ...

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Меланотрансферрин

CD151 • CD152 • CD153 • CD154 • CD155 • CD156 (a, b, c) • CD157 • CD158 (a, d, e, i, k) • CD159 (a, c) • CD160 • CD161 • CD162 ... 1996). "CD88 antibodies specifically bind to C5aR on dermal CD117+ and CD14+ cells and react with a desmosomal antigen in human ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/C5a_receptor

... is a co-receptor of the T cell receptor (TCR) and assists the latter in communicating with antigen-presenting cells. The ... Leucocyte typing: human leucocyte differentiation antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies: specification, classification, ... T cells displaying CD4 molecules (and not CD8) on their surface, therefore, are specific for antigens presented by MHC II and ... CD1+Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD4+

In addition to aiding with cytotoxic T cell antigen interactions the CD8 co-receptor also plays a role in T cell signaling. The ... the CD8 co-receptor plays a role in T cell signaling and aiding with cytotoxic T cell antigen interactions. ... This affinity keeps the T cell receptor of the cytotoxic T cell and the target cell bound closely together during antigen- ... Once the T cell receptor binds its specific antigen Lck phosphorylates the cytoplasmic CD3 and ζ-chains of the TCR complex ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD8

1997). "The Oka blood group antigen is a marker for the M6 leukocyte activation antigen, the human homolog of OX-47 antigen, ... 1992). "Human leukocyte activation antigen M6, a member of the Ig superfamily, is the species homologue of rat OX-47, mouse ... Kasinrerk W, Fiebiger E, Stefanová I, Baumruker T, Knapp W, Stockinger H (1992). "Human leukocyte activation antigen M6, a ... Ok blood group system at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basigin

CD74 (англ. HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain; HLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chain) - мембранный белок ... II histocompatibility antigen gamma chaingamma chain of class II antigensIiHLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chainIa antigen ... Riberdy J.M., Newcomb J.R., Surman M.J., Barbosa J.A., Cresswell P. HLA-DR molecules from an antigen-processing mutant cell ... Machamer C.E., Cresswell P. Biosynthesis and glycosylation of the invariant chain associated with HLA-DR antigens (англ.) // ...

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD74

A new ligand for human leukocyte antigen class II antigens". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 176 (2): 327-37. doi:10.1084 ... A new ligand for human leukocyte antigen class II antigens". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 176 (2): 327-37. doi:10.1084 ... antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II. ... antigen binding. • transmembrane signaling receptor activity. • MHC class II protein binding. Cellular component. • membrane. • ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LAG3

van Rhenen A., van Dongen G. A., Kelder A., et al. The novel AML stem cell associated antigen CLL-1 aids in discrimination ...

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLEC12A

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) also known as CD66e (Cluster of Differentiation 66e), is a ... 2001). "Heterogeneous RNA-binding protein M4 is a receptor for carcinoembryonic antigen in Kupffer cells". J. Biol. Chem. 276 ( ... CEACAM5, CD66e, CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule 5. External IDs. HomoloGene: 128801 GeneCards: ... Oikawa S, Nakazato H, Kosaki G (1987). "Primary structure of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) deduced from cDNA sequence". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEACAM5

In humans, the CD44 antigen is encoded by the CD44 gene on Chromosome 11.[5] CD44 has been referred to as HCAM (homing cell ... The CD44 antigen is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. ... Indian blood group system at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH ... "Carcinoembryonic antigen and CD44 variant isoforms cooperate to mediate colon carcinoma cell adhesion to E- and L-selectin in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD44

It is also called Lewis x and SSEA-1 (stage-specific embryonic antigen 1) and represents a marker for murine pluripotent stem ... CD15 Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... CD15 (3-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine) is a cluster of differentiation antigen - an immunologically significant molecule. CD15 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_x

Eichler W, Hamann J, Aust G (Nov 1997). "Expression characteristics of the human CD97 antigen". Tissue Antigens. 50 (5): 429-38 ... Hamann J, Wishaupt JO, van Lier RA, Smeets TJ, Breedveld FC, Tak PP (Apr 1999). "Expression of the activation antigen CD97 and ... Tissue Antigens. 57 (4): 325-31. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2001.057004325.x. PMID 11380941.. ... "Expression cloning and chromosomal mapping of the leukocyte activation antigen CD97, a new seven-span transmembrane molecule of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD97

CD151 • CD152 • CD153 • CD154 • CD155 • CD156 (a, b, c) • CD157 • CD158 (a, d, e, i, k) • CD159 (a, c) • CD160 • CD161 • CD162 ... 2000). "Characterization of a new member of the TNF family expressed on antigen presenting cells.". Biol. Chem. 380 (12): 1443- ... "BLyS receptor signatures resolve homeostatically independent compartments among naïve and antigen-experienced B cells.". Semin ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faktor_aktivacije_B-ćelija

I. Partial characterization of soluble Ki-1 antigen and detection of the antigen in cell culture supernatants and in serum by ... Josimovic-Alasevic O, Dürkop H, Schwarting R, Backé E, Stein H, Diamantstein T (Jan 1989). "Ki-1 (CD30) antigen is released by ... CD30+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... results from cDNA cloning and sequence comparison of the CD30 antigen from different sources". Molecular Immunology. 31 (17): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD30

Macrophage-1 antigen (CD11b+CD18). *VLA-4 (CD49d+CD29). *Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (ITGA2B+ITGB3) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-selectin

The protein also carries the Jr(a) antigen, which defines the Junior blood group system.[9] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABCG2

"Interaction of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta with the DF3/MUC1 carcinoma-associated antigen and beta-catenin". Molecular and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDH1_

Ebert LM, McColl SR (2002). "Up-regulation of CCR5 and CCR6 on distinct subpopulations of antigen-activated CD4+ T lymphocytes ... This receptor has been shown to be important for B-lineage maturation and antigen-driven B-cell differentiation, and it may ... dendritic cells induce antitumor immunity when genetically fused with nonimmunogenic tumor antigens". J. Immunol. 167 (11): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-C_chemokine_receptor_type_6

CD151 • CD152 • CD153 • CD154 • CD155 • CD156 (a, b, c) • CD157 • CD158 (a, d, e, i, k) • CD159 (a, c) • CD160 • CD161 • CD162 ... CD97 antigen je protein koji je kod ljudi kodiran CD97 genom.[1][2][3] ... 2001). "Tissue distribution of the human CD97 EGF-TM7 receptor". Tissue Antigens 57 (4): 325-31. PMID 11380941. doi:10.1034/j. ... "Expression cloning and chromosomal mapping of the leukocyte activation antigen CD97, a new seven-span transmembrane molecule of ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD97

"Entrez Gene: ITGB3 integrin, beta 3 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, antigen CD61)".. *^ May, K. E.; Villar, J.; Kirtley, S.; ... CD61+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrin_beta_3

"Direct association of adenosine deaminase with a T cell activation antigen, CD26". Science. 261 (5120): 466-9. doi:10.1126/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipeptidyl_peptidase-4

B cells can present antigens to a specialized group of helper T cells called TFH cells. If an activated TFH cell recognizes the ... Roles of T cell-B-cell-activating molecule (5c8 antigen) and CD40 in contact-dependent help". Journal of Immunology. 149 (12): ... It binds to CD40 (protein) on antigen-presenting cells (APC), which leads to many effects depending on the target cell type. In ... Grewal, IS; Xu, J; Flavell, RA (7 December 1995). "Impairment of antigen-specific T-cell priming in mice lacking CD40 ligand". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD154

antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I. • antigen processing and presentation of exogenous ... antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I. • lipoprotein transport. • negative ... peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent. • platelet degranulation. • MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling ...

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD36

Primarily, the VCAM-1 protein is an endothelial ligand for VLA-4 (Very Late Antigen-4 or integrin α4β1) of the β1 subfamily of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCAM1

... uveitis antigens induce CXCR3- and CXCR5-expressing lymphocytes and immature dendritic cells to migrate (англ.) // Blood (англ ...

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCR5

antigen binding. • virus receptor activity. • protein binding. • transmembrane signaling receptor activity. • identical protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLAMF1

T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell. • T cell antigen ... CD151 · CD152 · CD153 · CD154 · CD155 · CD156 (a, b, c) · CD157 · CD158 (a, d, e, i, k) · CD159 (a, c) · CD160 · CD161 · CD162 ...

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICAM1

CD64+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD64_

Shop a large selection of products and learn more about CD151 Mouse anti-Human, Alexa Fluor 594, Clone: MM0160-6F40, Novus ... CD151 antigen (Raph blood group), CD151 antigenplatelet surface glycoprotein gp27, CD151 molecule (Raph blood group), GP27, ... CD151 Monoclonal antibody specifically detects CD151 in Human samples. It is validated for Flow Cytometry. ... Platelet-endothelial tetraspan antigen 3, RAPH, SFA1, tetraspanin-24, tspan-24, TSPAN24hemidesmosomal tetraspanin CD151. ...

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CD151 antigen. CD151 antigen (GP27) (Membrane glycoprotein SFA-1) (Platelet-endothelial tetraspan antigen 3, PETA-3) ( ... Name:CD151Imported. ,p>Information which has been imported from another database using automatic procedures.,/p> ,p>,a href="/ ... tr,E9PMR4,E9PMR4_HUMAN Tetraspanin OS=Homo sapiens OX=9606 GN=CD151 PE=1 SV=1 ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/E9PMR4

To study the CD151-deficient immune response, mice were immunized with the classical hapten carrier antigen NP-keyhole limpet ... Generation of CD151-null mice.To study the function of CD151 in vivo, a CD151-deficient mouse was produced. Maps of the ... Analysis of the CD151-alpha3beta1 integrin and CD151-tetraspanin interactions by mutagenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 276 : 41165-41174. ... Immune responses in CD151-null mice. (A) NP-specific immunoglobulin G1 serum antibody responses of wild-type (n = 8) and CD151- ...

https://mcb.asm.org/content/24/13/5978

CD151 antigen. 28. 200621_at. cysteine and glycine-rich protein 1. 29. 202592_at. biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles ...

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2015/0259739.html

CD151 molecule (Raph blood group)), Authors: Judith Weidenhofer, Leonie K Ashman. Published in: Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol ... Resultant protein lacks the integrin binding domain and causes null expression of the CD151/MER2 antigen (Karamatic Crew et al ... CD151 Mutations. ICGC Data Portal. CD151 TCGA Data Portal. CD151 Broad Tumor Portal. CD151. OASIS Portal. CD151 [ Somatic ... CD151 [ NCBI-GEO ] CD151 [ EBI - ARRAY_EXPRESS ] CD151 [ SEEK ] CD151 [ MEM ] Gene Expression Viewer (FireBrowse). CD151 [ ...

http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/GC_CD151.html

CD151 antigen (CD151). ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2014.00226/full

Jetzt diesen anti-CD151 Antikörper bestellen. , Produkt ABIN4259382 ... Maus Monoklonal CD151 Antikörper für ELISA, FACS, IHC (fro), IHC (p), WB. ... Antigen CD151 Molecule (Raph Blood Group) (CD151) Synonyme für dieses Antigen anzeigen * CD151 ... anti-CD151 Antikörper (CD151 Molecule (Raph Blood Group)) (Alexa Fluor 647) CD151 Antikörper (CD151 Molecule (Raph Blood Group ...

https://www.antikoerper-online.de/antibody/4259382/anti-CD151+Molecule+Raph+Blood+Group+CD151+antibody+Alexa+Fluor+647/

Mouse Monoclonal Anti-CD151 Antibody (MM0160-6F40) [Alexa Fluor® 647]. Validated: Flow. Tested Reactivity: Human. 100% ... Alternate Names for CD151 Antibody (MM0160-6F40) [Alexa Fluor® 647]. *CD151 antigen (Raph blood group) ... Reviews for CD151 Antibody (NBP2-12144AF647) (0) There are no reviews for CD151 Antibody (NBP2-12144AF647). By submitting a ... Blogs on CD151. There are no specific blogs for CD151, but you can read our latest blog posts. ...

https://www.novusbio.com/products/cd151-antibody-mm0160-6f40_nbp2-12144af647

CD151 antigen. Cd151 D89290. CD151 Transmembrane signaling and cell adhesion. 11p15.5. (SFA-1, PETA-3) ... Arrestin, retinal S-antigen. Sag M24086. SAG Phototransduction. 2q37.1. Night blindness (Oguchi disease). ... Arrestin, retinal S-antigen. Sag M24086. SAG Phototransduction. 2q37.1. Night blindness (Oguchi disease). ... Meningioma-expressed antigen 5 (hyaluronidase). Mgea5 AK014781. MGEA5 Glycoprotein degradation. 10q24.1-q24.3. ...

https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2162850

CD151 complexes with integrins and other transmembrane 4 superfamily members and mediates signal transduction events that play ... CD151 is expressed on endothelial and epithelial cells, megakaryocytes, and platelets.Additional information: Clone REA561 ... Clone REA561 recognizes the mouse CD151 antigen, a cell surface glycoprotein which is a member of the transmembrane 4 ... Clone REA561 recognizes the mouse CD151 antigen, a cell surface glycoprotein which is a member of the transmembrane 4 ...

https://www.miltenyibiotec.com/AD-en/products/cd151-antibody-anti-mouse-reafinity-rea561.html

Cd151, CD151 antigen; Cox6a2, cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIa polypeptide 2; Ctsd, cathepsin D (lysosomal aspartyl protease); ...

http://physiolgenomics.physiology.org/content/8/1/15

Tetraspanins CD37 and CD151 differentially regulate Ag presentation and T-cell co-stimulation by DC ... HLA class I and II antigens are partially co-clustered in the plasma membrane of human lymphoblastoid cells. Attila Jenei, ... Alteration of antigen-independent immunologic synapse formation between dendritic cells from HLA-B27-transgenic rats and CD4+ T ... Dynamics of molecules involved in antigen presentation: effects of fixation. B.George Barisas, William F Wade, Thomas M Jovin, ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/94/14/7269/tab-article-info

Raph blood group system in the BGMUT blood group antigen gene mutation database ... CD151 molecule (Raph blood group), also known as CD151 (Cluster of Differentiation 151), is a human gene.[1] ... File:Fibrosarcoma cells CD151.jpg Fibrosarcoma cells, reportedly stained with an antibody binding to CD151 (green) and a dye ... Human CD151 genome location and CD151 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. ...

https://wikidoc.org/index.php/CD151

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD151

... signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 1 K06537 CD151; CD151 antigen K06537 CD151; CD151 antigen K06538 CTLA4 ... CD79A antigen K06507 CD79B; CD79B antigen K05412 CD80; CD80 antigen K06508 CD81; CD81 antigen K06509 KAI1; CD82 antigen K06510 ... 113249364 CD151 antigen-like 113249370 CD151 antigen 113250557 CTLA4; cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 isoform X1 113266337 ... CD33 antigen K06474 CD34; CD34 antigen K06259 CD36; CD36 antigen K06475 CD37; CD37 antigen K01242 CD38; ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1 [ ...

https://www.kegg.jp/kegg-bin/get_htext?uah04090+113250560

Exbio - Research products - Antibodies - CD and related antigens - Anti-Hu CD151 Purified ... The mouse monoclonal antibody CD151 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD151 (also known as PETA-3), a 29 kDa transmembrane ... Sadej R, Grudowska A, Turczyk L, Kordek R, Romanska HM: CD151 in cancer progression and metastasis: a complex scenario. Lab ... Flow cytometry analysis (surface staining) of human peripheral blood with anti-human CD151 (50-6) PE. ...

https://www.exbio.cz/research-product/antibodies/cd-and-related-antigens/anti-hu-cd151-purified

CD151 antigen (CD151) polyclonal antibody $175.00 Quick view Add to Cart BK channel beta 1 subunit (Kcnmb1) polyclonal antibody ...

http://www.allelebiotech.com/products/Caspase-recruitment-domain-family-member-12-%28CARD12%2C-CLAN%29-polyclonal-antibody.html

CD5 specifically interacts with CD72 antigen (CD72), a cell-surface protein exclusively expressed in B cells. ... CD151 antigen (CD151) polyclonal antibody $175.00 Quick view Add to Cart CG4750 polyclonal antibody $175.00 ...

http://www.allelebiotech.com/products/CD72-antigen-%28CD72%29-polyclonal-antibody.html

3, Last annotation update) DE SubName: Full=Platelet endothelial tetraspan antigen 3 (AEDAE_480.PE28) DE (Cd151 antigen); . GN ...

http://pbil.univ-lyon1.fr/cgi-bin/acnuc-search-id?query=AEDAE_480_PE28&db=HOGENOM&ident=ACNUC1829

Human CD151 C13 and N15 (Arg and Lys) Stable Isotope Labeled Peptide standards for MS research. Creative Proteomics Isotope ... CD151. Synonyms. GP27, Membrane glycoprotein SFA-1, Platelet-endothelial tetraspan antigen 3, Tetraspanin-24, CD_antigen=CD151 ... CD151 antigen. Description. Human CD151 C13 and N15 (Arg and Lys) Stable Isotope Labeled Peptide standards for MS research. ... Home > Products > Stable Isotope Labeled MS Peptide Standard > CD151 Lys Labeled Peptide MS Standard ...

https://www.creative-proteomics.com/product/detail-cpilp18722_7915.htm

CD81 can also affect cognate B-T cell interactions because anti-CD81 increases IL-4 synthesis by T cells responding to antigen ... The tetraspanin superfamily (or TM4SF) includes CD81, CD9, CD37, CD53, CD63, CD82, CD151, and an increasing number of ... These mice do exhibit diminished antibody responses to protein antigens. CD81 is also physically and functionally associated ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9597125?dopt=Abstract

Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding a novel platelet-endothelial cell tetra-span antigen, PETA-3. Blood. ... To probe for endogenous CD151 associated with CD151-INF194-196, we used anti-CD151 mAb 1A5, which blots wild-type CD151 (Fig. 7 ... Functions of CD151-integrin complexes during cellular cable assembly. Human wild-type CD151 and CD151-INF194-196 mutant were ... Functions of CD151-integrin complexes during cellular cable assembly. Human wild-type CD151 and CD151-INF194-196 mutant were ...

https://rupress.org/jcb/article/158/7/1299/32983/An-extracellular-site-on-tetraspanin-CD151

Biallelic loss-of-function pathogenic variants in CD151, coding for the CD151 antigen cause this EBS subtype. ... EBS, localized with nephropathy with CD151 deficiency Noted Clinical Symptoms. * Only a few individuals with this subtype have ...

https://www.debra.org/about-eb/eb-depth

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemidesmosome

The Leu-2 antigen in the supernatant was found to have only one Leu-2a determinant, whereas Leu-2 antigen from cell extracts ... The tetraspanin superfamily (or TM4SF) includes CD81, CD9, CD37, CD53, CD63, CD82, CD151, and an increasing number of ... Leu-2 antigen was present only in supernatants from T cell lines that expressed Leu-2 on their cell surface. Leu-2 antigen ... Their antigen uptake and presentation capacities enable them to prime and activate T cells. Immature DCs capture antigens; ...

https://med.stanford.edu/profiles/shoshana-levy

... adaptor protein Dok-1 and suppresses downstream activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in antigen- ... As expected, there was no CD151 present in mast cells from CD151−/− mice (Fig. 3A). In vivo, CD151 was constitutively expressed ... CD151 deficiency leads to enhanced late phase of FcεRI-mediated PCA. (A) WT and CD151−/− mice were sensitized passively by an ... A) CD151 deficiency does not affect growth dynamics of mast cell culture. WT and CD151−/− BMMCs were cultured in IL-3- ...

http://www.jimmunol.org/content/195/4/1377

CD151 antibody Mouse Monoclonal from Proteintech validated in Western Blot (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunofluorescence ... CD151, CD151 antigen, GP27, Membrane glycoprotein SFA 1, MER2, PETA 3, RAPH, SFA1, Tetraspanin 24, Tspan 24, TSPAN24 ... Note: suggested antigen retrieval with TE buffer pH 9.0; (*) Alternatively, antigen retrieval may be performed with citrate ... CD151 is broadly expressed by a variety of cell types. It is involved in cellular processes including cell adhesion and may ...

https://www.ptglab.com/products/CD151-Antibody-66567-1-Ig.htm

... prostate-specific markers like prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) [37], alpha- ... Reduced CD151 expression is related to advanced tumour stage in urothelial bladder cancer. Pathology 2012, 44, 448-452. [Google ... Slides were deparaffinized and exposed to heat-induced antigen retrieval for 5 minutes at 100 °C in pH 6 Tris-EDTA-Citrate ... and CD151 [41], and determined gene copy number alterations of important tumor suppressor loci in prostate cancer, including 8p ...

http://mdpi.com/2076-3905/3/2/137/htm

The 120 kDa linear IgA disease antigen is an anchoring filament component involved in dermal-epidermal cohesion. Is the target ... CD151 antigen. Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 9. A broad classification of protein families ... The 120 kDa linear IgA disease antigen is an anchoring filament component involved in dermal-epidermal cohesion. Is the target ...

https://pharos.nih.gov/targets/ENSP00000340937

This is the first identification of a cognate antigen for a human lymphoma BCR. The RF activity of the Igs from most of the HCV ... The tetraspanin superfamily (or TM4SF) includes CD81, CD9, CD37, CD53, CD63, CD82, CD151, and an increasing number of ... constant antigen stimulationref. Envelope protein E2 is now considered as a candidate antigen based on several lines of ... This contrasts with the reported common detection of HCV RNA and viral antigens in BM and PBMCs by in situ techniquesref1, ref2 ...

http://www.ufrgs.br/imunovet/molecular_immunology/pathoviruses_HCV.html

The tetraspanin membrane protein CD151 is a broadly expressed molecule noted for its strong molecular associations with integrins, especially α3β1, α6β1, α7β1, and α6β4. (asm.org)
CD151 molecule (Raph blood group), also known as CD151 (Cluster of Differentiation 151), is a human gene. (wikipedia.org)
CD151 molecule ( Raph blood group ), also known as CD151 ( C luster of D ifferentiation 151 ), is a human gene . (wikidoc.org)
Today, the HLDA Workshop meeting has been held 10 times and has over 371 CD antigens molecule have been identified. (sinobiological.com)
Particularly, transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) and leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) alongside CD151 were downregulated both in vitro and in vivo . (ijbs.com)
small molecule antigens and standards used in drug residue testing, food safety and other fields. (afirmus.com)

Following cell attachment, HPV16 particles colocalized with the tetraspanins CD63 and CD151 on the cell surface. (nih.gov)
A) HeLa cells were fixed with paraformaldehyde and the cell surface was immunostained with a monoclonal anti-CD63 antibody and polyclonal anti-CD151 antibody. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

CD151 Monoclonal antibody specifically detects CD151 in Human samples. (fishersci.com)
The tetraspanin CD151 was initially identified as a marker of human acute myeloid leukemia cells, platelets, and vascular endothelial cells with a monoclonal antibody ( 1 ). (asm.org)
There are currently no images for CD151 Antibody (NBP2-12144AF647). (novusbio.com)
Fibrosarcoma cells, reportedly stained with an antibody binding to CD151 (green) and a dye for the nucleus (blue). (wikidoc.org)
The mouse monoclonal antibody CD151 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD151 (also known as PETA-3), a 29 kDa transmembrane protein of tetraspanin family, expressed in many cell types. (exbio.cz)
These mice do exhibit diminished antibody responses to protein antigens. (nih.gov)
Triton X-100-resistant) α3β1 association and for maintenance of a key CD151 epitope (defined by monoclonal antibody TS151r) that is blocked upon α3 integrin association. (rupress.org)
human placenta tissue were subjected to SDS PAGE followed by western blot with 66567-1-Ig (CD151 antibody) at dilution of 1:10000 incubated at room temperature for 1.5 hours. (ptglab.com)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human tonsillitis tissue slide using 66567-1-Ig (CD151 antibody) at dilution of 1:400 (under 10x lens. (ptglab.com)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human tonsillitis tissue slide using 66567-1-Ig (CD151 antibody) at dilution of 1:400 (under 40x lens. (ptglab.com)
In 1950, the Duffy antigen was discovered in a multiply-transfused hemophiliac whose serum contained the first example of anti-Fya antibody . (wikipedia.org)
[10] In 1951, the antibody to a second antigen, Fyb, was discovered in serum . (wikipedia.org)
Mouse anti Human CD151 antibody, clone 11G5a ( MCA1856 ) used for the detection of CD151 positive microdomains on the surface and in intracellular vesicles in pseudovirus infected HeLa cells by immuneoelectron microscopy. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
The cell surface was immunostained with polyclonal anti-L1 antibody (K75, red) and a monoclonal anti-CD151 antibody (sc-5275). (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Intracellular PsVs were immunostained with monoclonal anti-L1 antibody (L1-7, red) and CD151 with a polyclonal anti-CD151 antibody (sc-33123, green). (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
A) HeLa cells were treated with control and CD151 specific antibody as indicated. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Cells were either fixed and permeabilized with methanol and PsV uptake was analyzed by immunostaining with monoclonal L1 (L1-7, red) and polyclonal anti-CD151 antibodies (green) (C), or cells were fixed with paraformaldehyde and surface staining was performed with polyclonal L1 antibody (K75, red) and monoclonal anti-CD151 (green) antibody as indicated (D). Bars 20 μm. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
They have advanced platforms for the development of ELISA kit, mature antigen-antibody research and development system. (afirmus.com)
They are proficient in a variety of ELISA technologies, such as the double-antibody sandwich, double antigen sandwich, (direct) competition ELISA, indirect competition ELISA, blocking method, indirect ELISA and other methods. (afirmus.com)

The transcriptomic data also revealed differential gene transcription for molecules involved in antigen presentation, pathogen sensing, and migration, and therefore gives insights into functional differences between bovine DC and monocyte subsets. (frontiersin.org)
Duffy antigen/chemokine receptor ( DARC ), also known as Fy glycoprotein ( FY ) or CD234 ( C luster of D ifferentiation 234), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACKR1 gene . (wikipedia.org)
The Duffy antigen gene was the fourth gene associated with the resistance after the genes responsible for sickle cell anaemia , thalassemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase . (wikipedia.org)
[6] The gene was first localised to chromosome 1 in 1968, and was the first blood system antigen to be localised. (wikipedia.org)
However, unlike the RBC Blood Groups Systems, the HPA Systems were not named on a per gene or related gene basis with one or more antigens in each system. (bloodantigens.com)
Rather, one HPA gene can contain multiple HPA systems so in reality each biallelic antithetical antigen pair is really its own system. (bloodantigens.com)
For example, the HPA-1 system contains the antithetical antigens HPA-1a and HPA-1b, but this same gene also contains the HPA-4 system (HPA-4a and HPA-4b). (bloodantigens.com)
This study was designed to determine the effects of the recombinant adeno-associated virus vector containing sense CD151 gene (rAAV-CD151) and antisense CD151 gene (rAAV-antiCD151) on the migration of Tca8113 cell . (bvsalud.org)
Functional fragment of CD151 gene was amplified by RT-PCR, and inserted into the vector pAAV in the sense direction and antisense direction, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
The rAAV-antiCD151 is a novel tool, which can reduce the expression of CD151 and inhibit the migration of the tumor cells , and brings us a new approach of anti-sene gene therapy targeted at CD151 in human carcinoma . (bvsalud.org)
another is to transfect vectors which can express the SV40 large T antigen (SV40T) gene. (biomedcentral.com)

Type 2 hemidesmosomes contain integrin α6β4 and plectin without the BP antigens. (wikipedia.org)
BPAG2, or (bullous pemphigoid antigen 2), is a transmembrane protein that exists adjacent to integrins, BPAG2 has domains that bind to plectin, integrin β4 subunit in the cytoplasm and integrin α6 and laminin-332 in the extracellular space. (wikipedia.org)
BPAG1e is an antigen with multiple isoforms that binds to integrin α6β4, BPAG2 and keratin 5 and 14. (wikipedia.org)
The α3β1 integrin shows strong, stoichiometric, direct lateral association with the tetraspanin CD151. (rupress.org)
Strong CD151 association with integrin α6β1 also required the QRD 194-196 site and masked the TS151r epitope. (rupress.org)
In contrast, weaker associations of CD151 with itself, integrins, or other tetraspanins (Triton X-100-sensitive but Brij 96-resistant) were independent of the QRD/TS151r site, occurred late in biosynthesis, and involved mature integrin subunits. (rupress.org)
Presence of the CD151-QRD 194-196 →INF mutant disrupted α3 and α6 integrin-dependent formation of a network of cellular cables by Cos7 or NIH3T3 cells on basement membrane Matrigel and markedly altered cell spreading. (rupress.org)
These results provide definitive evidence that strong lateral CD151-integrin association is functionally important, identify CD151 as a key player during α3 and α6 integrin-dependent matrix remodeling and cell spreading, and support a model of CD151 as a transmembrane linker between extracellular integrin domains and intracellular cytoskeleton/signaling molecules. (rupress.org)
The tetraspanin superfamily member CD151 regulates outside-in integrin alphaIIbbeta3 signaling and platelet function. (edu.au)

In vitro functional studies have pointed to a role for CD151 in cell-cell adhesion, cell migration, platelet aggregation, and angiogenesis. (asm.org)
Red Blood Cell (RBC) and Platelet (PLT) antigen genotype to phenotype correlations. (bloodantigens.com)
Similar to RBC Blood Group antigen the Human Platelet Antigen (HPAs) are each defined by antigen specific alloantibody sera. (bloodantigens.com)
Automated Typing of Red Blood Cell and Platelet Antigens: a Whole-genome Sequencing Study. (bloodantigens.com)
5. Fitter S,Tetaz TJ,Berndt MC,Ashman LK Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding a novel platelet-endothelial cell tetra-span antigen, PETA-3. (sciencegateway.org)

Clone REA561 recognizes the mouse CD151 antigen, a cell surface glycoprotein which is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also known as the tetraspanin family. (miltenyibiotec.com)
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion . (wikidoc.org)

Antigens, CD14" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Antigens, CD14" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Antigens, CD14" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Antigens, CD14" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
The CD14 monocyte differentiation antigen maps to a region encoding growth factors and receptors. (thefreedictionary.com)

CD antigens for cluster of differentiation, which indicates a defined subset of cellular surface receptors (epitopes) that identify cell type and stage of differentiation, and which are recognized by antibodies. (sinobiological.com)
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: expression of monocyte/macrophage differentiation antigens detected with monoclonal antibodies. (thefreedictionary.com)

Tetraspanins form multimolecular complexes with each other and with other membrane proteins, including integrins, major histocompatibility complex antigens, signaling complexes, and cell-associated growth factors. (asm.org)
The association of α6β4 with plectin is a crucial step in the assembly of hemidesmosomes as the formed complex functions as a scaffold on which other hemidesmosomal proteins (bullous phemphigoid (BP) antigens 180 and 230) are assembled. (abcam.com)

CD151 complexes with integrins and other transmembrane 4 superfamily members and mediates signal transduction events that play a role in the regulation of cell development, activation, growth, and motility. (miltenyibiotec.com)
CD151, a protein of the tetraspanin superfamily, resides on the cell surface of keratinocytes and vascular endothelium. (wikipedia.org)
CD151 (also known as TSPAN24) is a membrane protein of the tetraspanin superfamily, which are characterized by the presence of four conserved transmembrane regions. (ptglab.com)
A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds to CD27 ANTIGEN. (rush.edu)

The CD antigens / Cluster of differentiation nomenclature was established in the 1st International Workshop and Conference on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens (HLDA), which was held in Paris in 1982. (sinobiological.com)

Non peptide antigen presentation to T-cell receptors on NKT cells. (sinobiological.com)
Non-peptide antigen presentation to T-cell receptors on NKT cells, marks T-cells at the short cortical thymic stage of differentiation. (abcam.co.jp)
An antigen-presenting protein that binds self and non-self lipid and glycolipid antigens and presents them to T-cell receptors on natural killer T-cells. (advancedcancerresearchinstitute.com)

Some are involved in oncogenesis and in the control of metastasis: CD9, CD81, CD82, C0/029, and CD151 can all modulate cancer cell motility both in vitro and in vivo (reviewed in references 5 and 49). (asm.org)
CD81 can also affect cognate B-T cell interactions because anti-CD81 increases IL-4 synthesis by T cells responding to antigen presented by B cells but not by monocytes. (nih.gov)

The cDNA encoding the corresponding antigen was cloned from megakaryoblastic leukemia cells and shown to be a member of the transmembrane 4 or tetraspanin family ( 10 ). (asm.org)

Although T cell lymphomas occur infrequently, they express early T cell differentiation antigens and are less often aneuploid than are B cell tumors. (thefreedictionary.com)
These molecules, known as "ligands to differentiation antigens ," are expected to be useful to both basic research and in the manufacture of safe cell-based therapies. (thefreedictionary.com)

2009). CD151 functions in signal transduction through forming direct complexes with integrins particularly alpha3beta1, alpha6beta1, alpha6beta4 and alphaIIbbeta3, thereby influencing a variety of cell functions including motility and adhesion which are outlined further below. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
For both α3 and α6 integrins, strong QRD/TS151r-dependent CD151 association occurred early in biosynthesis and involved α subunit precursor forms. (rupress.org)
The association of the laminin-binding integrins (α3β1, α6β1, α6β4 and α7β1) with the tetraspanin CD151 strengthens cell adhesion through mechanisms that include the clustering of the integrins in the plasma membrane. (abcam.com)

its ligand, OX40L, is also not expressed on resting antigen presenting cells, but is following their activation. (sinobiological.com)

the alpha subunit of Mac-1 (Macrophage-1 antigen), the CR3 complement receptor which consists of CD11b and CD18. (advancedcancerresearchinstitute.com)
A group of three different alpha chains (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c) that are associated with an invariant CD18 beta chain (ANTIGENS, CD18). (sickkids.ca)

Some studies have also indicated human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G-associated immune escape involving TGF-β management in gastric cancer (GC). (springer.com)
Although the mechanism of TGF-β in immune evasion is unclear, some studies have indicated that Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is involved in it. (springer.com)
The markers were derived during a series of Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen workshops. (thefreedictionary.com)

The α6 subunit binds to extracellular BP180, CD151 and laminin-322. (wikipedia.org)
As shown here, an extracellular CD151 site (QRD 194-196 ) is required for strong (i.e. (rupress.org)

A cell surface antigen that is expressed only during a specific period of embryological differentiation. (thefreedictionary.com)

CD151 is broadly expressed by a variety of cell types, notably epithelial and endothelial cells, muscle cells, Schwann cells, megakaryocytes, and platelets ( 42 ). (asm.org)
2006). In endothelial cells CD151 associates with the matrix metalloproteinase MT1-MMP and regulates its collagenolytic activity (Yañez-Mó et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)

A membrane-bound tumor necrosis family member found primarily on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that binds specifically to CD30 ANTIGEN. (childrensmercy.org)

CD antigens are used widely for research, immunotherary, tumor and drug target. (sinobiological.com)
In further studies, the tumor antigens TSP-180 and A9 were found to be identical to α6β4 ( 39 , 93 ). (asm.org)
The Transwell chamber was used to detect the effects of the rAAV-CD151 and rAAV-antiCD151 on the tumor cell migration . (bvsalud.org)
tumor metastasis that the overexpression of CD151 promotes the migration of the tumor cells . (bvsalud.org)
Medical care of workers of industrial enterprises by the city hospital The two variants share a tumor-associated antigen, since immunization with crude butanol extracts (CBEs) of B16-F1 cells protected hosts against s.c. (termsreign.cf)
Demonstration of tumor-specific antigens in human colonic carcinomata by immunological tolerance and absorption techniques. (wikidoc.org)

CD151-null keratinocytes migrate poorly in skin explant cultures. (asm.org)
In vitro assays on Cd151-null keratinocytes, showed lack of migration compared to wild-type keratinocytes (Geary et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)

The CD antigens are protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophenotyping of cells. (sinobiological.com)
We list all the CD antigens according to the specific name of CD molecules. (sinobiological.com)

CD151 also affects matrix metalloproteinase activity, with overexpression of CD151 in human melanoma cells resulting in increased expression of MMP9 (Hong et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Immunoselection in vivo: independent loss of MHC class I and melanocyte differentiation antigen expression in metastatic melanoma. (thefreedictionary.com)

Flow cytometry analysis (surface staining) of human peripheral blood with anti-human CD151 (50-6) PE. (exbio.cz)

CD151 is a major component of tetraspanin enriched microdomains, which are platforms for assembly of membrane signalling complexes (Hemler et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Furthermore, the ability of CD151 to organize α6β4 into multiprotein complexes may promote hemidesmosome assembly. (abcam.com)

CD5 specifically interacts with CD72 antigen (CD72), a cell-surface protein exclusively expressed in B cells. (allelebiotech.com)
Virions associate with CD151 positive microdomains on the cell surface and in intracellular vesicles. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Cell surface CD151 was immunolabeled with 10 nm gold particles. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

Human CD151 C13 and N15 (Arg and Lys) Stable Isotope Labeled Peptide standards for MS research. (creative-proteomics.com)
The tetraspanin CD151 is a poorly understood member of this family and is specifically induced on mouse and human mast cells upon FcεRI aggregation but its functional effects are unknown. (jimmunol.org)
66567-1-Ig targets CD151 in WB, IHC, IF,ELISA applications and shows reactivity with Human samples. (ptglab.com)
1996]. Human CD151 is fused to the FusionRed C-terminus. (evrogen.com)
Apostolopoulos, V ., Xing, P.X. and McKenzie, I.F.C. Murine immune response to cells transfected with human MUC1: immunisation with cellular and synthetic antigens. (vassoapostolopoulos.com)

CD151 aids in hemidesmosome formation. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy28

Organisms11

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs156

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes30

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care3

PETA-3/CD151, a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, is localised to the plasma membrane and endocytic system of endothelial cells, associates with multiple integrins and modulates cell function. (1/110)

Selective tetraspan-integrin complexes (CD81/alpha4beta1, CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions disrupting tetraspan interactions. (2/110)

Eukaryotic expression cloning with an antimetastatic monoclonal antibody identifies a tetraspanin (PETA-3/CD151) as an effector of human tumor cell migration and metastasis. (3/110)

Direct extracellular contact between integrin alpha(3)beta(1) and TM4SF protein CD151. (4/110)

Transmembrane-4-superfamily proteins CD151 and CD81 associate with alpha 3 beta 1 integrin, and selectively contribute to alpha 3 beta 1-dependent neurite outgrowth. (5/110)

The tetraspan molecule CD151, a novel constituent of hemidesmosomes, associates with the integrin alpha6beta4 and may regulate the spatial organization of hemidesmosomes. (6/110)

Tetraspanins are localized at motility-related structures and involved in normal human keratinocyte wound healing migration. (7/110)

Transmembrane-4 superfamily proteins associate with activated protein kinase C (PKC) and link PKC to specific beta(1) integrins. (8/110)

Antigens

Antigens, CD

Antigens, CD8

Antigens, Neoplasm

Antigens, CD3

Antigens, Surface

Antigens, Bacterial

Antigens, CD38

Antigens, CD34

Antigens, CD19

Antigens, CD40

CD40 Ligand

Antigens, CD20

Antigens, Viral

Antigens, CD28

Antigens, CD44

Antigens, CD7

Antigens, CD14

Antigens, CD2

CD4-CD8 Ratio

Antigens, CD5

Antigens, Differentiation

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Antigens, CD1

Antibodies, Monoclonal

Antigens, CD56

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase

Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic

Antigens, CD80

Antigens, CD53

Antigens, CD24

Antigens, CD13

Antigens, Protozoan

T-Lymphocytes

Antigens, CD86

Flow Cytometry

B-Lymphocytes

Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming

Antigens, CD95

HLA Antigens

Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte

Antigens, CD45

Immunophenotyping

NAD+ Nucleosidase

Antigens, Fungal

Molecular Sequence Data

H-2 Antigens

Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3

Antigens, Helminth

Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell

Antigens, CD18

Lymphocyte Activation

Antigens, CD30

Membrane Glycoproteins

CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Epitopes

Antigens, CD9

Carcinoembryonic Antigen

HLA-DR Antigens

Antigens, CD15

Antigens, Viral, Tumor

Cell Line

Antigens, CD43

Antigens, CD36

Amino Acid Sequence

Antigens, CD11

Histocompatibility Antigens Class II

Histocompatibility Antigens

Antigens, CD59

Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell

Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen

Antigens, CD57

Antigens, CD70

Antigens, CD46

Lectins, C-Type

Antigens, CD58

Antigens, CD4

Antigens, CD47

Antigens, CD11b